ETA AQUARIIDS 2011Thomas Weiland - Felix Bettonvil

IntroductionIntroduction

How to observe the Eta-Aquariids Observing campaign 2011g p g Results Future work Future work

Observing the Eta-AquariidsObserving the Eta Aquariids

Southern Hemisphere: major annual stream (ZHR 45-80)Diffi lt t b f id th l tit d

Radiant height

Difficult to observe from mid northern latitudes Go south!

40 00

60,00

80,00

0,00

20,00

40,00

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Netherlands

La Palma

-40,00

-20,00 21:0

0

22:0

0

23:0

0

00:0

0

01:0

0

02:0

0

03:0

0

04:0

0

05:0

0

06:0

0

07:0

0

08:0

0 La Palma

End nautical twilight

-80,00

-60,00

End nautical twilight NL

gLP

La PalmaLa Palma

28.75˚ N High, volcanic, dark clear skiesg , , Astronomical observatory

2011 Observing campaign2011 Observing campaign

May 03/04 to 09/10 New Moon May 03, First Quarter May 10 y y Observers WEITH, BETFE Visual Visual 7 nights, 33 hrs effective observing time Lm 6.30-6.94 (before beginning of twilight) 354 ETAs (including twilight)( g g )

Results - StatisticsResults Statistics

Results - Magnitude distributionResults Magnitude distribution

M i d di ib i SPO

40

54

50

60

Magnitude distribution ETA68

60

70

80

Magnitude distribution SPO

1218 20

4035

1914

1713 13

30

23

20

30

40

BETFE

WEITH21

36

51 48

30

17 15

25

48

20

30

40

50

60

BETFE

WEITH

0 0 0 2 4

129

500 0 0 1

5

13 13

0

10

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0 0 1 1 2 1

12 12

00 0 1 1 15

1117 15

0

10

20

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Results - Population indexResults Population index

SPO ll i di id l d t

3

3,5

4

r - ETA all individual data

3

3,5

4

r - SPO all individual data

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

0

0,5

1

3,5 4,5 5,5 6,5 7,5 8,5 9,5 10,50

0,5

1

3,5 4,5 5,5 6,5 7,5 8,5 9,5 10,5

Bl BETFE R d WEITHBlue – BETFE; Red - WEITH

Results - ZHRResults ZHR

ZHR average all data per night

90,00

100,00

ZHR – average all data per night

50 00

60,00

70,00

80,00

90,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

0,00

10,00

3,5 4,5 5,5 6,5 7,5 8,5 9,5 10,5 11,5

Bl BETFE R d WEITHBlue – BETFE; Red – WEITH

Results – General AppearanceResults General Appearance

Trains: 28 % leave train (78% of bright, 15% of faint ETAs)

Colours mainly yellow and orange, few blue, white and green huesg

Earth grazers: 2 (May 06, May 07)

Results - PhotographyResults Photography

Statistics Photo that I captured with ETAp

Results - ComparisonResults Comparison

IMO live ZHR graph: Increase beyond 30 after May 03, followed by flat maximum (40-60) from May 06/07 onwards until May 10onwards until May 10.

Results - ConclusionResults Conclusion

r and ZHR comparable with previous returns (Cooper, 1996; Rendtel & Arlt, 2009)

Skew maximum. Not untypical. Maximum around May 06/07? Maximum around May 06/07?

Bigger particlesEarth grazersEarth grazers

Future workFuture work

Next time even more south? Namibia? 2019, 2021 and 2022 excellent choices (moon (

phase, Jupiter)