third workshop on social policy and international cooperation for the caribbean region denzil thorpe...
TRANSCRIPT
Third Workshop on Social Policy and International Cooperation for the Caribbean
region
Denzil ThorpeDirector of Social Security
Ministry of Labour and Social Security
PROGRAMME OF ADVANCEMENT THROUGH HEALTH AND EDUCATION (PATH)
Empowering the Poor – An intervention for the Social Graduation from the Jamaican Conditional
Cash Transfer Programme.
To provide the poorest populations with targeted social safety net
programmes to enable them to break the cycle of intergenerational poverty
PATH OBJECTIVE
What is PATH
What is PATH?A conditional Cash Transfer Programme – attendance at school and health centres. Schools and health centres attendance data and submit to the parish offices
Consolidated three (3) Social Assistance Programmes. ( Old Age and Incapacity Programme; Food Stamp Programme and Outdoor Poor Relief Programme
Selection to the programme is done through the use of a proxy means test.
Registration to the programme is ongoing.
BACKGROUND ……. As at June 2013: 488,000 registered beneficiaries on the programme. 15% of the population of Jamaica.
Over 80% of the two poorest quintiles (Targeting Assessment 2013).
Children account for 77%
Approximately 142,000 families
27% of total beneficiary families are in the urban areas
What is Graduation?
• The process of moving families out of poverty and away from dependence on social protection transfers, to an independent and sustainable livelihood. Graduation can be considered when welfare households have improved human capital, resilience, and income security.
• Graduation is not only about attaining a certain level of food consumption or cash income. Sustainable graduation implies (a) the capacity to generate adequate streams of future food and income; and (b) resilience against future shocks.
A life-cycle approach to promote resilience, equity and opportunity
Pregnancy, Early childhood
School age
YouthWorking age
Old age
Create Opportunities: Nutrition/ECD, CCTs for
pre-school, healthEnsure Equity: OVC
programs, child allowances
Create Opportunities: Employment services, entrepreneurship, training and skillsEquity: Cash and in-kind transfers, public works programsBuild Resilience: Unemployment, disability insurance
Create Opportunities: CCTs for (girls’)
educationEnsure Equity :
Child allowances, school feeding
Create Opportunities:
Youth employment
programs, skills training
Ensure Equity: Social pensionsBuild Resilience: Old-age pensions, disability insurance
8
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITON REGARDING DEPENDENCE AND GRADUATION
Social Welfare Case load
Economically Active Poor
Economically Inactive Poor
Dependency
‘Negative dependency’:Social transfers induce negativebehavioural changes, which should beavoided.
Positive dependency’:Dependent on others, by definition, butsocial protection can relieve this burdenon poor communities.
Graduation
Have Labour Capacity, so should be supported to escape poverty and achieve self-reliance.
No graduation potential:Most will never be self-reliant, so shouldnot be expected to graduate from socialtransfer programmes.
Ethos for Jamaican Graduation Strategy
“Self Help Within a Supportive Framework”
Proposed Graduation Definition for Jamaica
Households that attain the social protection floor and
have attained income security for 12 months
Guiding Principles
• Personal Responsibility• Resilience• Opportunity• Equity• S.M.A.R.T Programming
– Synchronized Across Programmes– Monitored– Affordable– Responsive to Crisis and Shock– Transparent and Accountable
PATH Process for CCT
• Application• Targeting
(BIS/Appeals)• Verification
Registration
• Compliance validation
• Disbursement• Reconciliation
Payment • Validation• Verification
Recertification
Exit Individuals
Exit Families
Graduation Model for PATH
• Application• Targeting
(BIS/Appeals)• Verification
Registration
• Compliance validation
• Disbursement• Reconciliation
Payment • Validation• Verification
Recertification
GRADUATION
Recertification
Case Management
Labour Activation
Graduation
Implementation Framework for GraduationC
on
tinu
al A
ssessm
ent
STEP 1:Application and Enrollment
STEP 2:STEP 2 Household Assessments and
Categorization of Beneficiaries(Poverty Profiles)
STEP 3:Capacity Development /Institutional Arrangements/MOU/Institutional
Strengthening
STEP 4:Tailored Interventions
Skills Training; Job Intermediation, Employment Services; Health Workshops; Financial Management; Counseling;
Case Management
STEP 5:Beneficiary Reassessment
Assessment of Graduation Criteria
STEP 6:Graduation
(Continued Case Management)
Social MarketingManagement Information Systems
Continuous Monitoring and EvaluationPublic-Private Partnerships
Contingency for Shocks
Objectives – What we hope to achieve in the graduation strategy for Jamaica:
– To promote seamless transitions from welfare to work and human capital accumulation.
– Promote resilience strategies and programmes– Enhance equity in the redistributive processes of social
protection systems– Creating sustainable opportunities for vulnerable
households– To provide strategic direction to implementers and policy
makers
RECERTIFICATION
Recertification as a tool for continued assessment to Graduation
• Recertification is the reapplication of the targeting formula used by the Beneficiary Identification System in the determination of the proxy means score. The objective of which is to determine the level of adjustment of the selected households after receiving the benefit for the stated period of time.
• In accordance with the guidelines of PATH, recertification is done on all households that have been registered to the programme for a period of four (4) years. The recertification specifically targets households that consist of children and takes the form of a review of the score attained using the approved Beneficiary Identification System (BIS).
Objective of Recertification
• The recertification exercise has four objectives:– Validate households for meeting the rules of the
programme, that is, comparing and contrasting validation data with those contained in the PATH database (these may include date of birth, pregnancy status, number of persons living in the households, death, etc.)
– Validate the scores attained through the proxy means test– Compare and contrast the scores received at registration
and those attained at recertification– Provide information for management decision regarding
the continued registration of clients in the programme.
Recertification Groupings
Recertification
Immediate exit of the program
Entry to the stage “Preparation for
Graduation”
Remain in the program until a new recertification
process
CASE MANAGEMENT
Case Management Cycle
Inward Referral
Assessment
Treatment Planning
Family Agreement
Treatment and Referral
Assessment and Evaluation
Evaluation and Assessment against the Social Protection Floor for Case Management
Documentation
•1. All children have Birth Certificates•2. All adult members of the household have Birth Certificate
•3. All working age adults must have Tax Registration Numbers
•4. At least one member of the household have a passport
•5. All working age members of the household have National Insurance Number
•6. All members with disability must be registered with the Jamaica Council for Persons with Disabilities
•7. All senior citizens registered with the National Council for Senior Citizens
•8. All senior citizens have a National Health Fund/ JADEP Card
•9. Members of the household with a chronic illness possess a NHF card
•10. At least one member of the Family must have a Bank Account
•11. All children under five possess MOH immunization Passport
•12. All members of the household over the age of 18 years should have a valid picture Identification Card
Employment and Skills Development
•13. Head of Household should be employed for at least 30 hours per week or at minimum wage.
•14. Each working age member must have at least a secondary school certification (3 or more CXCs) or level 1 HEART Trust NTA certification or any equivalent
•15. All employed members must be making the required NIS contributions
•16. Children of basic school age to 16yrs should be enrolled in the formal education system or in skills training or after school programme
•17. Children at the Primary to high school level should achieve minimum attendance standards of 85%
•18. Children with disabilities should be incorporated into the normal or special education system
Family Life and Networks
•19. Immunization of all children up-to-date•20. All children with disability are receiving at least one form of intervention
•21. Pregnant women make visit to health center at least every two months
•22. All elderly family members have clinic cards which shows at least one yearly visit
•23. Family should have a savings account with the minimum required by an approved financial instituion
•24. Household is free of abuse (child, domestic etc)
•25. All children have at least two suits of uniform and one wearable shoe for school
•26. Every child and elderly person in the household have at least two cooked meals per day.
•27. Housing has separation of dormitory space for children and adults
•28. Members of the family with a medical emergency is receiving medical treatment
STEPS TO WORK
• The Steps to Work Programme is a Labour activation service that will contribute to the breaking of the cycle of inter-generational poverty in families, by empowering households to seek and retain employment, and be income secure. By building on the outcomes of PATH and case management interventions, the programme offers to households receiving welfare, another set of opportunities to enhance their standard of living
Literacy
Skills Development and Training
Job Readiness Job
Entrepreneurship
1
2
3
4 Steps to Work
PHASE 1 PHASE 2
Parish Office Screening and Intake
·Identification
·Registration of Clients·Initial Assessment
Steps to Work
Centres
Comprehensive assessment and Individual Development Plan
Ready for Job
Above Grade 9
Below Grade 9
Entrepreneurial
Remedial Program
me
Skills Training
Entrepreneurial
Enhance Training
Job readine
ss
Business Developm
ent Services
Job Matchi
ng
Micro Finance Loans
Grants
Potential Employers
CASE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION DESIGN INTERVENTION A INTERVENTION B INTERVENTION C
Individual Development Plans (IDP)