thesis proposal
DESCRIPTION
thesis proposal for University of Oregon in Portland. Fall 2011TRANSCRIPT
Portland Ecological Aquatic Center
jim lutzkethesis proposal
willamette central reachuniversity of oregon
m. arch fall 2011
INTRODUCTION - Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION Contents Thesis Statement
PROGRAM Overview Key Elements Concept/Adjacency Diagram Space Requirements Space Matrix
SITE Willamette Waterways Context / Neightborhood Profile Location Analysis Site Photographs Site Activity Diagram
PRECEDENTS Hammarby Sjostad Stockholm Tennessee Aquarium Chattanooga Monterey Bay Aquarium Monterey Riverquarium Albany Genoa Aquarium Genoa Quai du Chatelet Orleans
SOURCES Publications Websites Interviews
INTRODUCTION - Thesis StatementPortland Ecological Aquatic CenterHistorically Americas cities have been founded on waterways for ease of transport and commerce. The working waterfront has been diminished or even disappearred in many cities and has cut off the public from the waterfont. Cities across america have placed an importance on the connection between the residents and the water and rehabilitating what was once a money making source and business presence back into a community asset.
Oregon is known for its connection to nature and even leads the nation with the most designated Wild & Scenic Rivers at 48. Portland has been leading the way in many sustainable practices but in terms of waterfront rehabilitation and restoration the impact has been minimal. Portland’s Office of Healthy Working Rivers is working to change this. There is an opportunity to enhance the river’s connection within the downtown area and be a global example of how urban waterfronts can be habitat friendly areas for indigenous wildlife.
The Ecological Aquatic Center is a preservation and conservation aquarium for freshwater wildlife in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). The project is focused on the creation and preservation of the Willamette Valley and greater Pacific Northwest ecosystem. The specific goal is to restore a natural environment in which wildlife can be seen without the need for a large tanks. And to provide a place for researching this restored habitat in the urban setting.
The Program will have three key elements:
• Discovery
• Exploration
• Revitalization
The site for the PEAC is on land owned by the Portland Development Commission know as the Crescent (between the Hawthorne and Marquam bridge). Similar to past proposals for this site by both Martha Schwartz and George Hargreaves the PEAC site will be a natural environment. With the emphasis on research the PEAC program also fits in with the Central Reach Plan recently designating the SE as the Innovation Quadrant.
PROGRAM - Overview
The Portland Ecological Aquatic Center (PEAC) is a place to see nature thrive in an urban setting. Instead of clearing away nature for building; the natural environment plays a big role in the built environment. The PEAC is a space for public education and scientific learning of the ins and outs of the Pacific Northwest waterways, from glacier streams to coastal estuaries.
Client:
Collaboration between METRO (who operates the Oregon Zoo) the Willamette River Restoration (operated by the Meyer Memorial Trust) and possibly in conjuction with Oregon State University (who runs the Hatfield Marine Science Center in Newport)
Users:
Biologists and other Ecologists with university graduate student studying the Willamette and Columbia watersheds
Children, in school groups and individual families coming to discover the aquatic world above and below the waters surface.
Everyday Portland commuters travelling on the Eastbank Esplanade
Location:
Portland Oregon: Eastside of the Willamette River
001 Southeast Clay Street: between the Hawthorne Bridge and the Marquam Bridge
PROGRAM - Overview PROGRAM - Key Elements1) Discovery:
An hands on interpretive center for the community: giving lessons to children to encourage fishing & other river recreation activities providing a closer connection to the water downtown.
2) Exploration:
A place for research and study (from school children to graduate research) of the local river, associated water shed, and its aquatic wildlife.
3) Revitalization:
Riverfront restoration, removal of riprap and/or sea wall to recreate the natural waters edge and support wildlife friendly habitat areas along the central reach of the Willamette.
PROGRAM - Concept/Adjaceny Diagram
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DISCOVERYPublic Spaces 01 Entry Lobby 02 Ticketing 03 Event Gathering 04 Cafe 05 Store 06 School Gathering 07 Enclosed Exhibit
EXPLORATIONResearch Spaces 08 Reseach Labs 09 Science Office 10 Curatorial Office 11 Food Prep 12 Holding Tanks 13 Life Support 14 Storage
REVITALIZATION Outdoor Spaces15 Large Habitat16 Interactive Exhibit 17 Salmon Ladder 18 Viewing Platforms
PROGRAM - Space Requirements
Indoor Spaces Area (sf)Entry Lobby 1000Ticketing 400Event Gathering 2000Cafe 1200Store 1200School Gathering 1000Enclosed Exhibit 2400Reseach Labs 6000Science Office 480Curatorial Office 480Food Prep 400Holding Tanks 2000Life Support 4000Storage 1000 23,560 Total Indoor SF Outdoor Spaces Area (sf)Large Habitat 12000Interactive Exhibit 2400Salmon Ladder 800View Platforms 1400 16,600 Total Outdoor SF 40,160 Total Built Space SF
Page 1
Experiential Goals Function Occupancy
1000 16 N/A
Ticketing 400 8 Next to lobby Ticket revenue.
2000 24
Cafe 1200 12
Store 1200 12 Store sales profit.
Indoor Spaces
Area (sf)
Height (ft)
Equipment/ Furnishings
Systems & Sustainability
CriteriaAdjacency
RequirementsContribution to
Operating Budget
Entry Lobby
Building program introduction and gateway encouraging tourists, schools, and everyday Portlanders to visit.
Direct street access, clearly viewed from the street and or esplanade.
Visitors and staff passing into the building
Wayfinding signage, vertical circulation, seating
Access to daylight and operable fenestration.
Access off Clay Street or Water Aveune
Welcoming first interaction with visitors
Collects entry fees.
Two - four guest services staff members
Queue line formation, reception desk
Mechanically ventilated to offset entrance lobby.
Event Gathering
Wow place for relaxing, meeting friends, and watching fish & people. The place everyone wants to have their wedding, dance, meeting.
Gathering and wayfinding point for groups and tours.
Accommodate over 100 people seated at tables
Free standing tables and chairs for varying events
Mechanically ventilated, acoustic separation for daytime events.
Near lobby, visible from entry, outddor acess for larger crowds, close to restrooms.
Rentable space to varying functions: fashion show, weddings, dances, conferences...
Laid back space with relaxing break from hustling of exhibits
Offering snacks and drinks to patrons.
Accommadate 12 patrons and 2 staff.
Tables, chairs, counter space, refridgerator, POS terminal
Access to daylight and operable fenestration.
Near Event space and close to exhibits.
Exclusive caterring of inhouse events.
Goodbye to the researchers and animals
Exhibit exit with space for display and sales of merchandise
Accommodate 30 patrons at a time
Shelving, display racks, POS terminals
Daylight if possible.
Next to exhibit space.
PROGRAM - Space MatrixIndoor Spaces
Page 2
Experiential Goals Function Occupancy
1000 8
2400 12
6000 16
480 8
480 8
Indoor Spaces
Area (sf)
Height (ft)
Equipment/ Furnishings
Systems & Sustainability
CriteriaAdjacency
RequirementsContribution to
Operating Budget
School Gathering
Aquatic themed space for classroom type learning.
Large conference room with space to leave belongings.
Accommadate large class size and chaperones, up to 35 people.
Chairs and tables.
Mechanically ventilated, daylight if possible.
Near lobby and restrooms.
Rentable space for school groups.
Enclosed Exhibit
Experiential space with lighting to showcase exhibits.
Exotic or delicate wildlife exhibitions.
Capacity for 50 people to roam freely.
Exhibit tanks, staff presentation tables
Mechanically ventilated and away from daylight.
Near enty and other exhibit spaces.
Attraction that draws patronage.
Reseach Labs
Views from public space exhibiting the research as much as the wildlife.
Space for biologists and other researchers to study and experimentation.
Accommadate upto 16 scientists and assistants
Fixed cabinets and counters, holding tanks, shelving, stools
Mechanically ventilated, piping to holding tanks, laboratory gas, multiple sinks
Next to large exhibit for research access.
Research grant funding.
Science Office
Research sanctuary for quiet meetings and contemplative study.
Office space for researchers.
Accommodate 6–10 peple during business hours
Desks, Chairs, Conference tables, partitions
Access to daylight and operable fenestration
near the laboratories; biologists active in the science
Possible extra office space to be rented out to researchers.
Curatorial Office
Open, closed offices and conference rooms overlooking entry/ticketing or event space or exhibit space
Office space for building staff.
Accommodate 4-8 peple during business hours
Desks, Chairs, Conference tables, partitions
Access to daylight and operable fenestration
Away from but in view of public and gathering spaces.
Assists in booking events and managing research department.
PROGRAM - Space MatrixIndoor Spaces
Page 3
Experiential Goals Function Occupancy
Food Prep 400 8
2000 16
4000 24 N/A
Storage 1000 24 Shelving N/A
23,560 Total Indoor SF
Indoor Spaces
Area (sf)
Height (ft)
Equipment/ Furnishings
Systems & Sustainability
CriteriaAdjacency
RequirementsContribution to
Operating Budget
Spacious well lit space for making food.
Wildlife meal kitchen.
Accomadate 2-4 people.
Refridgerator, sinks, counters
Mechanically ventilated with access to daylight.
Near holding tanks, research labs, and exhibits.
Supports patron attractions.
Holding Tanks
Open and roomy for moving and treating of animals
Tanks for animals not in exhibits.
Accomadate 2 people per tank.
Tables, shelving, tanks
Mechanically ventilated and away from daylight.
Near exhibits and research labs.
Supports patron attractions.
Life Support
Ample space for adjustment to water filtration piping systems
Filtration piping for exhibit water.
Accomadate 2-4 people.
Few chairs, shelving
Mechanically ventilated and acoustically separated from public space.
Close to support fed exhibits and away from public space.
Efficient and organized space for keeping unsed and overstok items.
Stoarge for all departments.
Accomadate 2-4 people.
Access to daylight and operable fenestration
disbursed throughout for use by all departments, near elevator
PROGRAM - Space MatrixIndoor Spaces
Page 4
Experiential Goals Function Occupancy
12000 N/A Natural habitat. N/A
2400 N/A N/A
800 N/A Waterfall. N/A
1400 N/A Benches N/A
16,600 Total Outdoor SF
40,160 Total Built Space SF
Outdoor Spaces
Area (sf)
Height (story)
Equipment/ Furnishings
Systems & Sustainability
CriteriaAdjacency
RequirementsContribution to
Operating Budget
Large Habitat
Natural habitat in the hear tof the city.
Open air recreated natural habitat.
Thriving micro ecosystem.
Near Salmon ladder, research labs, and gathering space.
Attraction that draws patronage.
Interactive Exhibit
Playful and engaging total sensory experience.
Open enclosures with ability to touch the animals.
Accomadate 40 patrons and 4 staff.
Benches, tables, created habitat.
Near holding tanks, research labs, and public space.
Attraction that draws patronage.
Salmon Ladder
Space for kinetic wildlife.
Shallow waterfall for salmon to swin up and spawn.
Space for upstream jumping salmon.
Wildlife access between large habitat and river.
Attraction that draws patronage.
View Platforms
Calm dais with 360 degree sight lines.
Elevated decks for viewing large habitat and downtown across the river.
Accomadate 10 people per platform.
Sight lines to large habitat, salmon ladder, and Willamette.
Supports patron attractions.
PROGRAM - Space MatrixOutdoor Spaces
SITE - Willamette WaterwaysWillamette River and associated waterways in
Oregon and WashingtonWillamette River in Portland
Eastbank Crescent
SITE - Context / Neighborhood ProfileThe south end of the central reach could bridge gaps between central city/down-town and residential/neighborhoods with a industrial district. The site between the Marquam Bridge and Ross Island Bridge could help spur development in much of the now vacant south waterfront land and would have great public access with the new Portland-Milwaukie light rail bridge. This location near OMSI and the Opera House also creates an interesting museum district with potential to revitalize under used, abandoned, or blighted urban areas. The crescent site adjacent to OMSI also benefits from the strong connection with the IMAX theater.
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C e n t r a l E a s t s i d e U r b a n R e n e w a l A r e a
This map was created by the Portland Development Commission (PDC) GIS. Every reasonable effort has been made to assure the accuracy of these maps and associated data. However, inadvertent errors can occur and the PDC does not assume any responsibility for omissions or positional accuracy. This information is presented "as is" and without warranties, either expressed or implied. Information Sources: Portland Development Commission Geographic Information Systems (GIS), City of Portland Corporate GIS. May 2011
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CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
Map courtesy of the Portland Development Commission 2011
0 1,000 2,000500Feet
Surface Parking
Structure Parking
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Railroads Building Footprints
Central Eastside URA
Street Car Line
MAX Lines
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SITE - Location Analysis
SITE SIZE approx. 3.9 ACRES
The new PEAC is sited along both the downtown river walk and public transit.
Traffic flows with & crosses the river but the river is not the destin ation.
The PEAC builds upon existing attractions near the eastbank esplanade.
SITE - Photographs
WATERFRONT INTERACTION 01
WATERFRONT INTERACTION 02
WATERFRONT INTERACTION 03
BUILT INTERACTION 01
BUILT INTERACTION 02
BUILT INTERACTION 03
PUBLIC INTERACTION 01
PUBLIC INTERACTION 02
PUBLIC INTERACTION 03
SITE- Site Activity Diagram
DISCOVERYPublic Spaces 01 Street 02 Eastbank Esplanade 03 Viewing Platforms
EXPLORATIONResearch Spaces 04 Portland Ecological Aquatic Center 05 Large Habitat 06 Interactive Exhibit
REVITALIZATION Outdoor Spaces07 Salmon Ladder 08 Restored Shoreline09 River
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0203
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05
06
02
03
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08
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08
SITE- Site Activity Diagram PRECEDENTS
PROJECT
Hammarby SjostadStockholm, Sweden
Tennessee AquariumChattanooga, TN
Monterey Bay AquariumMonterey, CA
RiverquariumAlbany, GA
Genoa AquariumGenoa, Italy
Quai du ChateletOrleans, France
PRECEDENT TYPE
BUILDING PROGRAM WATERFRONT
PRECEDENT - Hammarby Sjostad
The Hammarby Sjostad development south of downtown Stockholm is an global model for development focused on the environemnt. City bought land is privately developed under district guidelines es-tablished by the Stockholm City Planning Bureau.
PROJEC T RELEVANCErestored natural shoreline
urban ecological development
water remediation turned into public park
PRECEDENT - Tennessee Aquarium
The Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga, TN is part of the cities overall urban devel-opment plan, including a 2 acre plaza on the river that connects with a 22 mile long river walk. Increasing development in all aspects of the community Chattanooga has become a two or three day destination with the freshwater aquarium at its center.
PROJEC T RELEVANCEdevoted freshwater aquarium
public park with numerous water features
part of overall river master plan
public water access
PRECEDENT - Monterey Bay Aquarium
Pacific winds bring cold nutrients to Mon-terey Bay making it an extremely friendly habitat for all aquatic wildlife. The Mon-terey Bay Aquarium has revamped one of the old cannery plants and turned the industrial waterfront into a civic attraction.
PROJEC T RELEVANCEoutdoor tidal pool exhibit
undirected circulation for self discovery
renovated/recreated old sardine cannery
PRECEDENT - Flint Riverquarium
The Flint Riverquarium by Antoine Predock focuses on a Blue Hole ( a geological fea-ture of southern Georgia where the water stays a constant 68 degrees). The design can be described, “as if the Riverquarium had risen around an untamed condition” - Alemar. The building is off the water to stay clear of the 100 and 500 year flood plains that damaged much of the town with a 4 year stretch.
PROJEC T RELEVANCElarge recreated natural habitat
visitor has spatial engagement with exhibit
exterior forms evoke a landform
PRECEDENT - Genoa Aquarium
The Genoa Aquarium (the first modern aquarium in Europe) was built as part of numerous project on the harbor in con-junction with a Columbus festival. The Mediterrenean focused exhibits are above and below sea level while pedestrian movement is unimpeded at grade.
PROJEC T RELEVANCEpart of large urban revitalization project
public access all along waters edge
local ecosystem exhibits
PRECEDENT - Quai du Chatelet
The river Loire which lost its status as a waterway due to navigability had turned into an abandoned urban purlieu with little relation to the city. UNESCO named the Lorie Valley as a natural and cultural world heritage and changed Orleans ideas about the river from turning its back on the water to embracing it. The Loire Green Grid proj-ect was founded to use natural and built potential of the valley to increase tourism and relationships with the river. The main implementation is a 25 meter wide prom-enade park.
PROJEC T RELEVANCEnatural shoreline
public water access
long public waterfront path
SOURCES - PublicationsMinton, Eric. Staying in the Swim: Why aquariums succeed or fail. 2003. Planning. June.
Look at three aquariums at differing levels of success: Denver, Tampa, Chattanooga. Formerly city owned Denver Aquarium is soon to reopen as a for profit facility. Florida Aquarium in Tampa Bay bought by the city with a large amount of adjacent land to create a visitor centered distict. And the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga, TN that has been one part of a larger downtown community revitalization including: restaurants, housing, cineplex, hotel, and pedestrian bridge. Even with the Gatlinburg, TN zoo and Aquarium of the Smokies not far away all three facilities are thriving.
Breen, Ann. Whose watrerfront is it anyway. 1990. Planning. February.
Dicusses four issues involved in waterfont access with examples of each. Proving public access is possible and successful; Newport, RI costal path skirts hundred year old mansions. Physical- see, touch, hear, and step out over. Psychological- open space that also feels accessible. Visual- lowrise & views but latent wall at water versus highrise & no view with open space. Economic- avoidance of very rich or very poor ghettos along the waterfront.
Guskind, Robert. Fish or Foul: Just how many aquariums does the world really need. 1990. Planning. May.
Emphasis on urban planning of aquarium additions creating a miracle in development similar to how festival marketplaces around the country have failed after coping Faneuil Hall model. Aquariums in Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, and Monterey have made successful aquariums look easy, but they are all grade A facilities. Differing themes and exhibits in well run first class aquariums will allow for more smaller aquariums to succeed.
Holzer, Christoph. Riverscapes: Designing Urban Embankments. 2008. Birkhauser. Basel
Analysis of the urban areas along the Rhine river in the Colonge/Bonn region. Focused identification of riverfront projects that add quality, visibly enhance, and increase value to the region. Analysis also provides suggestions for other riverscapes. Ecologically centered projects including: Berges du Rhone-Lyon, FR, Parc de Gerland-Lyon, FR, Klenzenpark & Donaupromenade-Ingolstadt, DE, and Quai du Chatelet-Orleans, FR.
Genoa Aquarium. 1994. Process : architecture.
The first modern aquarium in Europe came about for the Columbus Exposition. The building attributes include: a public attraction, educational institution, research center, and marine mammal rescue center. The whole Genoa harbor now blends history (15th and 20th century), habitat, animals, and cultural perpectives. The aquarium has levels above and below sea level leaving the grade open to the public.
Schmertz, Milfred F. 1985. A new Aquarium for Cannery Row: Monterry Bay. Arch Record Feburary.
Old sardine processing plant saved by daughters of Hewltt Packard founders and the Hopkins Marine Station. Cold ocean winds create unique ecosystem in Monterey Bay. Most of existing facility torn down and rebuilt for aquairum use in the same footprint. Strong contextual relationship with cannery row. Open and undirected circulation inside.
C.R.S. Boston’s Underwater Environment. 1969. Progressive Architecture. December.
The New England Aquarium is considered an Aquaseum with its graphic displays, underwater photograhpy exhibit, and other visual variety inside of a simple box exterior. The main feature is a giant 40’ diameter 23’ tall salt water tank visitor circle up to view the wildlife. It is like the “Guggenheim spiral inside the Corbu scheme and filling the space of the Guggenheim with water” says Peter Chermayeff. Includes diagrams of tank support piping and tank edge details.
Gunts, Edward. Cathedral of Conservation. 1992. Architectural Record. September.
Cambridge 7 project with a emphasis on freshwater habitats and the Tennessee River ecosystem. Peter Chermayeff says about the design, “the river as a story line, linear sequence, literally from its beginning in the Great Smoky mountains through its midstream and down to the Mississippi delta.” Also covered is the two acre plaza along the river that include many water interactive features.
SOURCES - Publications, Websites, InterviewsAmelar, Sarah. After torrential floods, Albany, Georgia, reinvents itself with a centerpiece by Antoine Predock : a Riverquarium celebrating local aquatic culture. 2005. Architecural Record. May.
“smalltown USA, meets a poweful natural system” - Antoine Predock on the Flint Rivers 1994 500 year flood and 1998 100 year flood. This article discusses the Flint Riverquarium in Albany, GA. The main attration, which exterior but viewed from inside, is a the Blue Hole a local southeast geolocial feature which has a unique microclimate. The building has a blank/muted exterior that shields and frames the interior experience.
HAMMARBY SJOSTADT
Hargreaves Assocites, Planners. Eastbank Riverfront Park Master Plan. Portland. 1994.
Master plan proposal for new parks, public space, and civic amenities along Portland’s eastbank. Conditions and considerations analyzed include: regional context, hydrology, zoning, and river use. The proposed park concept is drawn from the former use of the eastbank; farmland. Object structures surrounded by public space. Some of the new amenities proposed by Hargreaves are a park at the cresent, a public market, a beach, a marsh, a riverwalk in addition to the esplanade, and an overlook restaurant.
Portland Development Commision. 2009. Central Eastside urban Renewal Area. Portland. http://www.pdc.us/ura/eastside.asp. 12.october2011.
PDC website outlines objectives and goals of the eastside URA. Covering zoning, completed & current projects, and future potential.
Martha Schwartz Partners. Cresent Eastbank Riverside Park. Cambrige. http://www.marthaschwartz.com/projects/crescent.html. 25.november.2011
Proposed project for public park along Portland’s eastside in the crescent location.
Meyer Memorial Trust. Willamette River Restoration. Portland. http://www.mmt.org/willamette-river-basin-restoration. 08.november.2011.
The Meyer Memorial Trust has or will invest upto $12 million by 2014 to increase the health of the Willamette River. Through projects focused on both the mainstream and tributaries the MMT looks to tackle ecological, institutional, and social challenges of restoring the Willamette.
Campbell, Lee. Project Manager Oregon Zoo. interview. 25.october.2011.
Cascade Stream and Pond & penguin exhibit details
Bates, Jocelyn & Cusak, Dennis. SRG Partnership – Oregon Coast Aquarium. Intervierw. 09.november. 2011.
aquarium design / northwest influence on layout / themes
Kilduff, Kevin & Brier, Ann. Office of Healthy Working Rivers - Portland. Interview. 01.november.2011.
Portland locations / habitat friendly features
Carpenter, Tim. Curator of Fish and Invertebrates - Seattle Aquarium. Interview. 05.november. 2011.
general aquarium layout / behind the scenes operations / security
jim lutzkethesis proposal
willamette central reachuniversity of oregon
m. arch fall 2011