thesis dissertation - systemic recycling: urban waste treatment & final disposal facilities for...

7/22/2019 Thesis Dissertation - Systemic Recycling: Urban Waste treatment & final disposal facilities for Arequipa metropolitan area

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\gsks prgsghtnln par

On`b. Nrq.@nrcas Nhtahka Ncahsa Onrtgsnibk Ma`

pnrn aptnr par gc \ätuca Vraegskahnc lg Nrquktg`ta

Lkrg`tar lg tgsksNrq. Justa Wcrk`b Znhnorkn Ajgln

Nrgqukpn - Vgrú?6>>

WHKUG_PKLNL HN@KAHNC LG PNH NIWP\ÄHEn`uctnl lg Nrquktg`turn y Wronhksda

Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta y lkspask`kðhhnc lg cas rgskluas uronhas lg Nrgqukpndgtrapacktnhn

_g`k`cnjg-Pkstëdk`a

Vnrtg KKHUGP\KIN@KÐH



Nc.¹. Irnh Nrquktg`ta lgc Whkvgrsa .¹.

\a

.¹. \bg Irgnt Nr`bktg`t Ae tbg Whkvgrsg .¹.



@apyrkibt

@apyrkibt © ?6>>.

@nrcas Nhtahka Ncahsa Onrtgsnibk Ma`.

\alas cas Lgrg`bas _gsgrvnlas.Gstn puock`n`kðh ha puglg sgr

rgpralu`kln, ncdn`ghnln, trnhsdktkln,

eataàpknln a irnonln lg eardn tatnc

a pnr`knc n trnvës lg hkhiúh dglka

gcg`trðhkà a dg`îhkà skh pgrdksa lgc

nutar.

Kdprgsa gh Vgrú.

LGP@N_IA

Nuhqug sg bn rgnckznla gc dnyar

gseugrza pnrn nsgiurnr cn gxn`tktul lgc

dntgrknc ahtghkla gh gstn puock`n`kðh,

ha sg inrnhtkzn uhn adpcgtn gxn`tktul.

Gc Nutar HA PG _GPVAHPNOKCKZN

nhtg uncqukgr praocgdn, përlkln alnþa a`nskahnla gh eardn tatnc a

pnr`knc, àda àhsgùgh`kn lg n``kahgs

lg tgr`gras, rgsuctnla lg cn npck`n`kðh

lgc ahtghkla lg cn prgsghtg aorn.

@apyrkibt © ?6>>.

@nrcas Nhtahka Ncahsa Onrtgsnibk Ma`.

Ncc rkibts rgsgrvgl.

Ha pnrt ae tbks puock`ntkah dny og

rgpralu`gl, stargl ar trnhsdkttgl kh

nhy eard ar oy nhy dgnhs gcg`trahk`,

dg`bnhk`nc, pbataàpykhi, rgàrlkhi ar

atbgrwksg wktbaut tbg prkar pgrdksskah

ae tbg nutbar ar puocksbgr.

Vrkhtgl kh Vgru.

LKP@CNKDG_

Nctbauib gvgry geeart bns oggh dnlg

ta ghsurg tbg n`ùrn`y ae tbg dntgrknc

àhtnkhgl kh tbks puock`ntkah, adpcgtg

n`ùrn`y nhhat og iunrnhtggl.

HA _GPVAHPKOKCK\[ ks nssudgl

oy tbg Nutbar ear nhy khjury, cass ar

lndnig a``nskahgl ar cnkdgl ta bnvg

oggh a``nskahgl, kh pnrt ar kh eucc, ns n

àhsgqugh`g ae nhy pgrsah n`tkhi, ar

rgernkhkhi erad n`tkhi, ns n rgsuct ae n

dnttgr ahtnkhgl kh tbks puock`ntkah.

Nirnlg`kdkghtas

Nirnlgzà n dks pnlrgs y n dk endkckn par su npaya y par sapartnr cn cnrin gspgrn.

Nsä dksda bnia uh gxtghskva nirnlg`kdkghta n dk lkrg`tar lg tgsks y n dks nsgsargs par su àdpradksa y ahstnhtg `rätk`n.

Gstg prayg`ta ha bnorän ccginla n ucdkhn`kðh skha eugsg par gc irnh húdgra lgàcnoarnlargs, ndkias ca`ncgs y gxtrnhjgras qug npartnrah ghardgdghtg gh surgnckzn`kðh. Ekhncdghtg, nirnlgzà n talas cas qug dg lkgrah cn apartuhklnl y dgncghtnrah n lgsnrraccnr uhn prapugstn eugrn lg cas gstîhlnrgs prggstnocg`klas.

N`mhawcgligdghts Dnkhcy, K waucl ckmg ta tbnhm dy pnrghts nhl dy endkcy oy suppartkhi dg nhl stnhltbg cahi wnkt. Ckmgwksg, K nd gxtrgdgcy irntgeuc ta dy \bgsks Lkrg`tar nhl dynlvksars ear tbgkr addktdght nhl rktk`nc iuklnh`g.

\bks prajg`t aucl hgvgr bnvg rgn`bgl ta adpcgtkah wktbaut tbg suppart ae n cnrighudogr ae ca`nc & eargkihgrs accnoarntars nhl erkghls wba ahtrkoutgl ghardauscyta mggp tbg prajg`t nant. Ekhnccy, K waucl ckmg ta tbnhm ta ncc wbad invg dg tbg

appartuhkty nhl ghàurnigl dg ta lgvgcap n prapasnc tbauibt aut ae tbg oax.

Kdprgsa gh pnpgc gàcðik aVrkhtgl ah gàcaik`nc pnpgr

@acnoarnlargs / @ahtrkoutars

NCGDNHKN Onygr NI | @urrghtn NI | NUGN Idob

O_NPKC Khl.Lgs. Byrcn lg Pauzn g Pkcvn (WO, Ornskckn) |Ghi. Daksës _kogkra Nolau (WPV, Pna Vnuca).

GPVNÞN Euhln`kðh EKLN (Dnlrkl) | _gl lg @ghtras lg Kheardn`kðh lg_gskluas lg cn @aduhklnl lg Dnlrkl (_@K_) (Dnlrkl).

KHLKN _gsgnr`b.Ghi. Ntkt \kcwnhmnr (KK\, Dudonk).

VG_W AHI Cnoar | Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn | DP`.Nrq.Lnr`k Iutkërrgz Vkhta | Nrq. Ncahsa @bkrkhas Iðdgz | Nrq. EkargccnZginrrn Bugrtns | Nrq. Jasë Zginrrn _alrkiugz | O.Nrq. Vgr`y_asns @bk`ntn | O. Khi. Ndokghtnc @nrca Unrins Oackvnr

\W_^WÄN DP`.Ghi. Pkhgd Grlađlu (DG\W, Nhmnrn).

WPN D.Nr`b. Gmn`bnk Vnttndnsnttnynsahtbk (DK\, Dnssn`busgtts).

Nsgsargs / Nlvksars

Nrq. Ck`. rgr. rgi. (Ds`.) Larn Iukccëh \ndnya lg Nr`g.

Khi. @nrcas Glunrla Gclrglig Aksbk.



Nostrn`t

Mgywarls

_gsudgh

Vncnorns `cnvg

_g k cnjg skstëdk aKhstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas

_gskluas Wronhas lg Nrgqukpn dgtrapacktnhn.

par

O. Nrq.@nrcas Nhtahka Ncahsa Onrtgsnibk Ma`

Cn Ighgrn`kðh lg _gskluas gs uha lg cas dîs irnhlgs y nprgdknhtgs praocgdns

ndokghtncgs qug gherghtnh cns urogs gh cn n`tuncklnl, qug sudnln nc dgin-àhsuda

y cn khnlgùnln lkspask`kðh hnc ahvkgrtgh kgrtns îrgns lg cn kulnl gh cntghtgs

ndghnzns pnrn cas paocnlargs qug bnoktnh a krùhlnh cas irnhlgs oatnlgras n kgca

nokgrta, gstnocg`këhlasg n`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg kheardnc, rän lg nhkdncgs g kh`cusan`tkvklnlgs rgsklgh`kncgs, ntghtnhla n cn sncul púock`n y n cn kdnigh pnksnjästk`n lg

sus ghtarhas. Nrgqukpn ha gs`npn n gstn pghasn rgncklnl, ca qug aockin n uhn urightg

khtgrvgh`kðh uronha-nrquktg`tðhk`n skstëdk`n, bacästk`n y ductklks`kpckhnrkn.

Gc prayg`ta pcnhtgn cn àhstru``kðh lg kherngstru`turns lg nrî`tgr Khlustrknc-

Pnhktnrka lahlg ha saca sg rgnckznrîh cns n`tkvklnlgs lg rgàcg``kðh, trntndkghta y

lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas _gskluas Wronhas, skha tndokëh n`tkvklnlgs sa`ka-ùcturncgs

y gàhðdk`ns ada gc ghtrghndkghta lg trnonjnlargs y púockà gh ighgrnc saorg

dnhgja lg rgskluas, glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc, pnsgas turästkà-kheardntkvas, rgn`kðh lg

hugvas pugstas lg trnonja y npaya aduhktnrka ghtrg atras.

Bn skla lgsnrraccnln uhn hugvn dgtalacaiän pnrn cn khvgstkin`kðh y gc lksgþa uronha

lg pnksnjgs, qug adprghlg cn trnhseardn`kðh lgc nhtkiua oatnlgra lg Cn Vns`nhn gh

uh gspn`ka púockà ah gs`ghnrkas lg nrî`tgr glu`ntkva-rg`rgn`kahnc, cn prayg``kðh

lgc Hugva _gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ugornln Bahln y gc lksgþa nrquktg`tðhkà lg CnVcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg _gskluas Wronhas y @adpastnjg qug ahtnrî ah îrgns

lg trntndkghta khlustrknc, npn`ktn`kðh, lkeuskðh, sgrvk`kas aduhktnrkas, a`khns

nldkhkstrntkvns, îrgns lg gxbkok`kðh y vghtn lg pralu`tas rg`k`cnlas. Gc lksgþa

àhsklgrn cas k`cas lg vkln lgc adpcgja y sus rgcn`kahgs ah gc dglka ndokghtg=

`nln gtnpn lgslg cn khvgstkin`kðh, pcnhk`n`kðh y lksgþa bn ahsklgrnla uh

lgsgdpgþa aptkda gh cas ndpas të`hkà, sa`knc, ndokghtnc, hnh`kgra, gstëtkà y

ùcturnc.

Nrquktg`turn Pkstëdk`n, Lksgþa lg Vnksnjg, Gspn`ka Vúockà, @ah`kgh`kn Pa`knc,

_gccgha Pnhktnrka, @cnusurn lg Oatnlgra, _g`k`cnjg, Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg

_gskluas Wronhas, Igstkðh lg _gskluas.

Pystgdk rg`y ckhiWronh Ynstg trgntdght & hnc lkspasnc en`kcktkgs

ear Nrgqukpn dgtrapacktnh kty

oy

O. Nr`b.@nrcas Nhtahka Ncahsa Onrtgsnibk Ma`

Ynstg Ighgrntkah ks ahg ae tbg okiigst nhl uright ghvkrahdghtnc praocgds tbnt

`ktkgs nrg en`khi hawnlnys, tbnt nllgl ta tbg dgin-àhsudg nhl khnlgquntg hnc

lkspasktkah turh tbgsg nrgns khta cntght dghn`gs ear khbnoktnhts wba ckvg nhl

surrauhl tbgsg oki Ludp-sktgs apgh`nst= sgttkhi kheardnc rg`y`ckhi n`tkvktkgs,

orgglkhi ae nhkdncs nhl gvgh rgsklghtknc n tkvktkgs kherkhikhi ta puock` bgnctb nhlcnhls`npg kdnig. Nrgqukpn lags hat gs`npg ta tbks nweuc rgnckty, cnkdkhi ear nh

uright uronh & nr`bktg`turnc systgdk`, backstk` nhl ductklks`kpckhnry khtgrvghtkah.

\bg prajg`t nkds tbg sktg rgighgrntkah tbrauib tbg ahstru`tkah ae en`kcktkgs wktb

nh Khlustrknc-Pnhktnry bnrn`tgr tbnt hat ahcy supparts tbg n`tkvktkgs ae starnig,

trgntdght nhl hnc lkspasktkah ae Wronh Ynstg out ncsa trnkhs warmgrs nhl vksktars

noaut wnstg dnhnigdght, ghvkrahdghtnc glu`ntkah nhl rgtrnkhkhi ae kheardnc jaos=

kdpravkhi tbg surrauhlkhis nhl aeegrkhi taurksd & cgksurg appartuhktkgs.

\bg Lgskih nppckgs n hgw dgtbalacaiy ear rgsgnr`bkhi nhl Cnhls`npg Lgskih,

wbk`b kh`culgs tbg Acl –Cn Vns`nhn Ludp— \rnhseardntkah khta n puock` spn`g wktb

rg`rgntkahnc, cgksurg nhl glu`ntkvg nrgns. \bg lgvgcapdght ae tbg hgw ugornln

Bahln Cnhlcc nhl tbg Nr`bktg`turnc lgskih ae hgw Wronh Ynstg \rgntdght &

@adpastkhi en`kcktkgs tbnt wkcc auht wktb n wklg rnhig ae prairnds avgrkhi

khlustrknc trgntdght, pgrsahnc trnkhkhi, ghvkrahdghtnc lkeeuskah, adduhkty suppart,nldkhkstrntkvg ae`gs, gxbkoktkah nhl rgtnkc spn`gs. \bg lgskih ahsklgrs tbg ckeg

`y`cg ae oukclkhis nhl kts rgcntkahsbkp wktb tbg surrauhlkhis, khàrparntkhi n

wbacg rnhig ae sustnkhnocg dgnsurgs. Gvgry stnig erad rgsgnr`bkhi, pcnhhkhi nhl

lgskihkhi bns ahsklgrgl ta pralu`g nh aptkdud pgreardnh`g kh tbg tg`bhk`nc,

sa`knc, ghvkrahdghtnc, hnh`knc, ngstbgtk`nc, nhl ucturnc nighln.

Pystgdk` Nr`bktg`turg, Cnhls`npg Lgskih, Vuock` Apgh Ppn`g, Pa`knc Nwnrghgss,

Cnhlcc Lgskih, Ludp-sktg @casurg, _g`y`ckhi, Wronh Ynstg \rgntdght En`kckty,

Ynstg Dnhnigdght.



NNUU . Nutargs vnrkas.

@AHND . @adkskðh Hn`kahnc lgc Dglka Ndokghtg.

@L_ . @adoustkocgs Lgrkvnlas lg _gskluas.

@GVKP . @ghtra Vnhndgrk`nha lg Khighkgrän Pnhktnrkn y

@kgh`kns lgc Ndokghtg@\ . @ghtras lg \rnonja.

LKIGPN . Lkrg``kðh Ighgrnc lg Pncul Ndokghtnc lgc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul.

GG.WW. . Gstnlas Whklas lg Ndërk`n.

GKN . Gvncun`kðh lg Kdpn`ta Ndokghtnc.

GW . Gurapgnh Whkah.

EAHND . Eahla Hn`kahnc lgc Ndokghtg.

IK_W . Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluas Wronhas.

KHGK . Khstktuta Hn`kahnc lg Gstnlästk`n g Kheardîtk`n.

KPV_ . Khstncn`kahgs lg Pgpnrn`kðh y Vra`gsndkghta lg _gskluas.

K\_ . Khstncn`kahgs pnrn gc \rntndkghta lg _gskluas.

JCOy_ . Lkstrkta Jasë Cuks Oustndnhtg y _kvgra.

CAD . Cgy Ariîhk`n lg Duhk`kpncklnlgs.

DLC . Dg`nhksda lg Lgsnrracca Ckdpka.

DKHPN . Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul.

DK\ . Dnssn`busgtts Khstktutg ae \g`bhacaiy.

DVN . Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn.

HIA . Ha Iavgrhdghtnc Arinhkzntkah.

ADP . Arinhkzn`kðh Duhlknc lg cn Pncul.

AHI . Arinhkzn`kðh Ha Iuogrhndghtnc.

AVP . Arinhkzn`kðh Vnhndgrk`nhn lg cn sncul.

VLND . Vcnh Lkrg`tar Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn.

VKIN_P . Vcnh Khtgirnc lg Igstkðh Ndokghtnc lg _gskluas Pðcklas.

Vcnh G@AQ\G__ . Vcnhk`n`kðh Gàcðik`n lgc \grrktarka.

VHWDN . Vrairndn lg cns Hn`kahgs Whklns.

VV . Vcnh Vnksnjkstn (Ogrcäh).

V\ . Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta.

_HG . _gicndghta Hn`kahnc lg Glk`n`kahgs.

__. . _gskluas

__WW - _W . _gskluas Wronhas_Pn . _gccgha Pnhktnrka.

PY . Packl Ynstg.

WG . Whkðh Gurapgn.

WHK . Whkvgrsklnl Hn`kahnc lg Khighkgrän.

WPN . Whktgl Ptntgs ae Ndgrk`n.

WHGV . Whktgl Hntkahs Ghvkrahdghtnc Vrairnd.

YBA . Yarcl Bgnctb Arinhkzntkah.

Nlnpt. . Nlnptnla lg.

N pastgrkark . Var ca qug vkghg lgspuës.

Uucinrdghtg, pastgrkardghtg.

N prkark . Var ca qug prg`glg. Lg cas àha`kdkghtas

qug sah khlgpghlkghtgs lg cn gxpgrkgh`kn.

Nrt. . Nrtäùca.Nsa`. . Nsa`knlas.

@np. . @npätuca.

@e. . @aherðhtgsg, vënsg.

àd. . @adgr`knc.

àhst. . @ahstru``kðh.

`/u . @nln uha.

lad. . Ladëstkà.

Gl. . Glktarknc.

gt`. . Gt `åtgrn. y gc rgsta.

g.i. . Gxgdpck irntkn. par gjgdpca.

gt nc. . Gt nckk. y atras.

gt sgq. . Gt sgqughtgs. cas skiukghtgs.

gx`c. . Gx`cuyghla.

Bn. . Bg`tîrgns.

brs. . Barns.

koäl. . Koklgd. Gh gc dksda cuinr. @ada gh cn ktn prgvkn

äl. . Älgd. ca dksda, gc dksda.

kh`kh. . Kh`khgrnlar.

khst. . Khstktu`kahnc.

k.g. . Kl gst. gsta gs, gh atrns pncnorns.

d. . Dgtras.

dkh. . Dkhutas.

d.s.h.d. . Dgtras saorg gc hkvgc lgc dnr.

duhk`. . Duhk`kpnc.

Ha. . Húdgra.

ap.`kt. . Apus `ktntus. aorn `ktnln.

pp. . Vîikhns.

pral. . Vralu`ta(s).

s.c. . Pkhg caà. Pkh Cuinr.\.N. . \alas cas nhtgrkar gs.

trnhs`. . \rnhs`rkta.

γd. . Dk`rðdgtra.

U. . Uënsg. Ugîhsg.

Ukv. . Ukvkghln.

vs. . Ugrsus. @ahtrn.

N`rðhkdas Norgvknturns



VN_\G K - Khvgstkin`kðh

66> K KH\_ALW@@KÐH

660 KK KHEA_DN@KÐH V_GCKDKHN_

66< >. \ërdkhas lg rgegrgh`kn

66; ?. Nc`nh`gs y ckdktn`kahgs

6>> 0. Cn khvgstkin`kðh y cns vnrknocgs

6>0 <. Gc gheaqug skstëdkà

6>7 7. Cn dgtalacaiän skstëdk`n

6>9 KKK V_APVG@\KUN GP\_N\ËIK@N

6>2 >. Vraspg`tkvn tgrrktarknc & pcnhke`n`kðh gstrntëik`n

6?6 ?. Cn praocgdîtk`n

6?> 0. Lkhîdk`n lgc praocgdn

6?0 <. Aojgtkva Ighgrnc

7. Aojgtkvas Gspg`äeàs y dgtns

6?7 5. Nhîcksks lg Eugrzns (Kdpucsnlarns y àhtghglarns)

6?9 9. Gstrntgikn + N``kahgs + Vrayg`tas + Ca`nckzn`kðh

6?; 2. Gdpcnzndkghta y cädktgs lgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh

609 ;. Gs`ghnrkas lg cn praspg`tkvn gstrntëik`n

60; >6. Gs`ghnrka tghlgh`knc

6<> >>. Gs`ghnrka nctgrhntkva

6<0 >?. Gs`ghnrka praonocg

6<7 KU IGP\KÐH KH\GI_NC LG

_GPKLWAP W_ONHAP 6<7 >. @ah`gptas Ighgrncgs

6<9 ?. Cas rgskluas uronhas & su `cnske`n`kðh

6<; 0. N-Z Iuän lg _gskluas Wronhas

69> <. Bn`kn uhn Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluas Wronhas

69? 7. @adpahghtgs lg cn Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _W

62> KU.k. Khstncn`kahgs pnrn gc trntndkghta

lg rgskluas

>76 KU.kk.-? @cnusurn lg oatnlgras

>7> >. Lgehk`kahgs ighgrncgs

?. Gvncun`kðh y `ntgiarkzn`kðh lg oatnlgras

?.> Dalgca > - Dgtalacaiän pnrn cn ntgiark-

zn`kðh sgiúh cn prkarklnl lg cnusurn>7< ?.? Dalgca ? - Dgtalacaiän pnrn cn ntgiark-

zn`kðh sgiúh cas kdpn`tas a`nskahnlas

>77 U NHÎCKPKP CGINC & HA_DN\KUA

>79 U.k. Nhîcksks sktun`kahnc

>79 >. Gjgr`k`ka lg cns adpgtgh`kns ndokghtncgs

>72 ?. Nutarklnlgs adpgtghtgs gh cn igstkðh lg rgskluas

>56 0. Dalncklnlgs cgincgs pnrn cn prgstn`kðh lg cas

sgrvk`kas púockàs duhk`kpncgs

>5> <. Vnrtk`kpn`kðh lgc sg`tar prkvnla gh cn IK_W

7. Nspg`tas cgincgs lg kdpck`nh`kn gàhðdk`n>5? 5. Hardns khtgrhn`kahncgs qug Khuygh gh cn IK_W

>50 9. _gegrgh`kns hardntkvns saorn cn IK_W

>57 2. Hardntkvn y cgikscn`kðh hn`kahnc npck`nln nc

prayg`ta uronha-nrquktg`tðhkà

>5; U.kk. Nspg`tas rätk as (sudnrka hnc)

>5; >. Gstrk`tndghtg cgincgs

?. Khstktu`kahncgs lgslg cn pgrspg`tkvn cginc

0. Pa`kncgs lgslg cn pgrspg`tkvn cginc

<. Gàhðdkàs lgslg cn pgrspg`tkvn cginc

>9> UK GP\WLKAP _GEG_GH@KNCGP

>90 >. Hugvns rgegrgh`kns tkpacðik`ns pnrn gc skica RRK

?. \rnhseardn`kðh lgc vgrtglgra - Cn Uncc l‛gh Janh

>97 0. _gbnokcktn`kðh lgc oatnlgra lg bkrkyn - tgc nvkv

>99 <. DNNI _g`y`ckhi - Glke`ka lg trntndkghta lg

rgskluas

>9; 7. _gccgha snhktnrka prkvnla lg rgskluas khlustrkncgs

lg Ogegsn, Ckdn

>?6 <. Pkstgdns lg ahtrac ndokghtnc

<.> Gdkskahgs ntdaseërk`ns

<.? Pkstgdns lg ahtrac lg gdkskahgs

ntdaseërk`ns

>?? <.0 _g`bnzas sðcklas>?0 <.< Ugrtkla lg niuns rgskluncgs

<.7 Pkstgdns lg rgùpgrn`kðh ghgriëtk`n

>?7 KU.kk. Khstncn`kahgs pnrn cn gvnùn`kðh lg rgskluas

>?9 KU.kk.-> _gccgha Pnhktnrka

>?9 >. @k`ca lg vkln lg uh rgccgha snhktnrka

>?2 ?. @cnske`n`kðh lg cas rgccghas snhktnrkas

>?; 0. Dëtalas lg vgrtkla lg rgskluas

>06 <. @ahsklgrn`kahgs lg sgcg``kðh lg sktka

>0> 7. Ighgrn`kðh lg gx`glghtgs insgasas

7.> Ensgs lg ighgrn`kðh

>0? 7.? @ahtrac pnskva lg insgs

7.0 @ahtrac n`tkva lg insgs>00 5. Ighgrn`kðh lg Ckxkvknlas

5.> @ahtrac lg cn ckxkvkn`kðh

>0< 5.? \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh

>07 5.0 _gàikln lg ckxkvknlas

>05 9. Igstkðh lg niuns supgre`kncgs

9.> Pkstgdns lg àhtrac

>09 9.? @aogrturn ehnc supgrkar

>02 2. Lksgþa y trnznla prgckdkhnr lg _Pn

>02 2.> \rnznla prgckdkhnr

2.? Kheardn`kðh oîsk`n

>0; 2.0 @îcùca lgc vacudgh rgqugrkla pnrn gc _Pn

2.< @îcùca lgc îrgn rgqugrkln pnrn gc _Pn

><6 2.7 Lksgþa lg tnculgs

><> 2.5 Pgcg``kðh lgc dëtala lg rgccgha><? 2.9 @îcùca npn`klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc sktka ‐

Dëtala trkh`bgrn

2.2 @îcùca npn`klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc sktka ‐

Dëtala lg îrgn

><7 2.; Lksgþa lg lrghnjgs

2.>6 Ighgrn`kðh lg ckxkvknla

><5 2.>> @îcùca lg cn gcln lknrkn lg vgrtkla

><9 2.>? @ahsklgrn`kahgs gstëtk`ns

2.>0 Gqukpas y dnqukhnrkns

62? KU.k.-> Pgpnrn`kðh & pra`gsndkghta lg rgskluas

62? >. Zahke`n`kðh ighgrnc

627 ?. Pgpnrn`kðh dg`îhk`n vs. Pgpnrn`kðh dnhunc

0. Vra`gsas khlustrkncgs lg trntndkghta lg rgskluas

629 0.> _g`gp`kðh lg rgskluas 0.? _glu``kðh lg tndnþa

622 0.0 Pgpnrn`kðh par tndnþa

6;> 0.< Pgpnrn`kðh par lghsklnl

6;0 0.7 Pgpnrn`kðh dnihëtk`n

6;< 0.5 Lghske`n`kðh

6;7 0.9 Dnhkpucn`kðh trnhspartg y

ncdn`ghndkghta lg dntgrkncgs rgskluncgs

6;2 0.2 Khstncn`kahgs lg npaya aduhktnrka

0.; Khstncn`kahgs pnrn cn glu`n`kðh g

khvgstkin`kðh

6;; <. Lksgþa lg cns Khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs (KPV_)

<.> @rktgrkas prgckdkhnrgs lg lksgþa

>66 <.? Lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa lg

sgpnrn`kðh>6> <.0 \nsns lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs

<.< Oncnh`g lg dnsns y tnsns lg nrin

>6? <.7 \rnznla lgc skstgdn y lksgþa

>60 KU.k.-? @ahvgrskðh okacðik`n lg rgskluas

>60 >. @adpastnjg ngraoka lg rgskluas ariîhkàs

>.> Lgs`rkp`kðh lgc pra`gsa

>67 >.? \ë`hk`ns lg adpastnjg nokgrta

>65 >.0 \ë`hk`ns lg àdpastnjg `grrnla gh rgn`tar

>69 >.< Vra`gsa lg adpastnjg gh rgn`tar (túhgc)

>>6 >.7 Igstkðh lg cns niuns y gdkskahgs lgc pra`gsa

>>? ?. Lkigstkðh nhngraokn gh onjn ah`ghtrn`kðh

?.> Lgs`rkp`kðh lgc pra`gsa

>>< ?.? @ahsklgrn`kahgs lg lksgþa lgc pra`gsa>>< 0. Lkigstkðh nhngraokn gh nctn ah`ghtrn`kðh

0.> Lgs`rkp`kðh lgc pra`gsa

>>7 KU.k.-0 @ahvgrskðh tërdk`n lg rgskluas

>. Pkstgdns lg kh`khgrn`kðh

>.> Lgs`rkp`kðh lgc pra`gsa

>.? \kpas lg kh`khgrn`kðh

>>; ?. Pkstgdn lg pkracksks

0. Pkstgdns lg inske`n`kðh

\nocn lg @ahtghklas



>26 5. \sain ghvkrahdghtnc rgsaur`g & rg`y`ckhi ghtrg

Pndarn Dn`bgc (@ghtra ndokghtnc lg rgùrsas &

rg`k`cnjg)

>27 9. @ghtra lg trntndkghta lg rgskluas Cns Lgbgsns -

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg _gskluas Wronhas lg

Unclgdkhiðdgz

>;> 2. @adpcgja pnrn cn igstkðh skstgdîtk`n lg _gskluas

Gspg`kncgs - Onygr @urrghtn NI & NUGN Idob

>;7 ;. Vuht Ugrl, pcnhtn lg igstkðh lg rgskluas

Dgr`nonrhn, Onr`gcahn.

>;5 >6. Dnstgrpcnh pnrn gc nhtkiua vgrtglgra lg Ergsb Mkccs

(Ckegs`npgs)

>;; UKK LKHÎDK@N \G__K\A_KNC

?6> UKK.k. Lkhîdk n gxtgrhn ‐ Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn

?6> >. Ighgrn`kðh lg rgskluas & @aogrturn lg sgrvk`ka

Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn

?60 ?. Lkstnh`kns lg trnhspartg & `npn`klnlgs

apgrntkvns lg igstkðh

?67 0. Gvncun`kðh & n`tunc lkspask`kðh

ehnc lg _gskluas Wronhas gh Nrgqukpn

(Nhîcksks lg cas oatnlgras lg cn kulnl)

??9 <. Gvncun`kðh sa`ka-gàhðdk`n & ucturnc

?0> UKK.kk. Lkhîdk n khtgrhn ‐ ugornln Bahln &

Cn Vns`nhn

?0> 7. N``gskokcklnl, kherngstru`turn ca`nc y gcgdghtas

lgc pnksnjg

?0; 5. Nhîcksks \apairîeà

?<0 9. Nhîcksks @ckdntacðik a

9.> Vntrðh sacnr & Arkghtn`kðh ðptkdn

?<7 9.? _nlkn`kðh Pacnr & Barns lg sac

?<9 9.0 Vsk`radgträn

?<; 9.< \gdpgrnturn

?7> 9.7 Budglnl _gcntkvn & Vrg`kpktn`kahgs

?70 9.5 Nhîcksks lg Ukghtas

?77 2. Nhîcksks Igacðikà & Igadareacðikà

2.> Igacaiän _gikahnc & Ca`nc

?79 2.? Igadareacaiän ca`nc

?7; ;. Nhîcksks Bälrkà

;.> Bklracaiän supgre`knc

09> >?. Vrkh`kpkas ëtkàs g kdpn`ta sa`knc

090 >0. _ghlkdkghta gàhðdkà y ehnh`kndkghta

>0.> Vrgsupugsta lgc prayg`ta

09; >0.? _ghtnokcklnl y ehnh`kndkghta gàhðdkà

020 ><. Kdîighgs lgc prayg`ta

?;0 >7. Dgdarkn lgs`rkptkvn

>7.> _gsudgh ighgrnc

0;< >7.? Gc prayg`ta uronha (dnstgrpcnh)

>7.?.> Wok`n`kðh

>7.?.? Îrgn, pgrädgtra y àckhlnh`kns

>7.?.0 @nhtklnl lg _gskluas trntnlas y

lgpasktnlas

>7.?.< @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns

>7.?.7 @ah`gptunckzn kðh

>7.?.5 Zahke`n`kðh y îrgns khtgrvghklns

>7.?.9 Gtnpnokcklnl (ensgs lg gjgù`kðh)

0;9 >7.0 Gc nhtgprayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà (K\_)

(Vcnhtns lg Khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs)

>7.0.> Wok`n`kðh

>7.0.? Pg`targs y Îrgns

>7.0.0 @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns

>7.0.< @ah`gptunckzn kðh

>7.0.7 @nrn`tgrästk`ns ighgrncgs

<67 >7.< Gc prayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà (Glke`ka

Nldkhkstrntkva y @ghtra lg Uksktnhtgs)

<62 >7.7 Gstru`turn`kðh lgc prayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà

>7.7.> @rktgrkas lg gstru`turn kðh y lksgþa

>7.7.? @ahlk`kahgs lg lksgþa gstru`turnc

>7.7.0 Vrglkdghskahndkghta lg

Juhtn säsdk`n

>7.7.< Vrglkdghskahndkghta lg Gcgdghtas

gstru`turncgs

<>? >7.5. Khstncn`kahgs snhktnrkns

>9.5.> Lgs`rkp`kðh lgc skstgdn

>9.5.? Khstncn`kahgs adprghlklns

<>< >7.9 Khstncn`kahgs gcë`trk`ns

<>9 OKOCKAI_NEÄN Ckoras & laùdghtas sgrknlas y ha sgrknlas

<>; Cgygs y rgicndghtas

Ygosktgs

<?6 Kdîighgs

?;7 7. Lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa khlustrknc

?;9 5. Cn klgn ah`gptunc uronhn

?;; 9. Vrgdksns y gstrntgikns lg lksgþa

060 2. @rahacaiän prairndîtk n y lg n`tkvklnlgs

067 ;. Dnstgrpcnh ugornln Bahln ?6>6 - ?607

0>> >6. Dntrkz lg gcgdghtas uronhas

0>0 >>. Ensgs lg gjgù`kðh

0>7 >?. Lgtnccgs lg vkncklnl

0>9 >0. Vnharîdk`ns lgc Dnstgrpcnh

0>; ><. Kdpn`ta gstëtkà y igstkðh lg rgùrsas

0?0 KR V_AVWGP\N N_^WK\G@\ÐHK@N

0?0 >. Gc Vrairndn`kðh nrquktg`tðhkà

>.> Gc usunrka

n. Nhîcksks uncktntkva

o. Nhîcksks ùnhtktntkva

0?7 >.? Cn dntgrkn prkdn (rgskluas n trntnr)

0?9 >.0 @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns lg cn K\_

0?; >.< Vrairndn`kðh uncktntkvn ‐ùnhtktntkvn

009 ?. Arinhkirndn euh`kahnc - gspn`knc

00; 0. Cn klgn ah`gptunc nrquktg`tðhk`n

0<> <. Vrgdksns y gstrntgikns lg lksgþa

0<0 7. Ksadëtrk`n lgc prairndn, zahke`n`kðh &

àdpask`kðh vacudëtrk`n (pcnhtn khariîhkàs)

0<7 5. Ksadëtrk`n lgc prairndn, zahke`n`kðh &

àdpask`kðh vacudëtrk`n (pcnhtn ariîhkàs)

0<9 9. Pkstgdn lg davkdkghta y ladkhkas

0<; 2. Lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa khlustrknc

07> ;. Ksadëtrk`ns lgc Vra`gsa khlustrknc

070 >6. \g`hacaiäns sustghtnocg, ncklnl gàcðik`n y

àhsgrvn`kðh lg ghgriän-rgùrsas

077 >6.> Cn @bkdghgn Gàcðik`n

079 >6.? Cn @aogrturn Dgdornhnc

07; >6.0 Cn @aogrturn Eatavactnk`n

05> >6.< Cns Ghvacvghtgs Khtgckightgs

N. Cn Vkgc Dgtîck`n ikrntarkn

O. @ahtrneugrtgs lg Invkðh

050 >6.7 Pkstgdns lg Nbarra Ghgriëtkà

N. Khstncn`kahgs Gcë`trk`ns

O. Khstncn`kahgs Pnhktnrkns

057 >>. Gc skstgdn gstru`turnc

059 >>.> Gstru`turns dgtîck`ns

05; >>.? Gstru`turns lg ah`rgta nrdnla

;.? Bklraigacaiän suotgrrîhgn

?5> >6. Nhîcksks Igatë`hkà

>6.> Dg`îhk`n lg sugcas

>6.? Dg`îhk`n lg _a`ns

?50 >>. Dglka Okacðikà

>>.> Dglkas lg vkln

>>.? Ecarn

?57 >>.0 Enuhn

?59 >?. Gvncun`kðh lg _kgsias

>?.> Igalkhîdk`n gxtgrhn

>?.? Igalkhîdk`n khtgrhn

?5; >0. Gvncun`kðh lg sghskokcklnlgs g

kdpn`ta ndokghtnc

>0.> Dntrkz lg Gvncun`kðh @unhtktntkvn lg

paskocgs Kdpn`tas Ndokghtncgs

?90 ><. @ah`cuskahgs ehncgs

VN_\G KK - Vrayg`ta

?99 UKKK V_AVWGP\N W_ONHN

?99 >. Gvncun`kahgs prgckdkhnrgs

?92 >.> @ahsklgrn`kahgs pnrn cn sgcg``kðh lg sktka

?9; >.? Gvncun`kðh y `ntgiarkzn`kðh lgc oatnlgra

–Cn Vns`nhn—

?2> ?. Nhîcksks sustghtntarka lg khtgrvgh`kðh

?.> Cns tkpacaiäns lg lksgþa prapugstns

?2? ?.? _acgs y n`tkvklnlgs prapugstns

?20 ?.0 Nhîcksks-sähtgsks lgc tgrrktarka

?27 0. Gc prairndn uronha

0.> Pgcg``kðh lg usunrkas n sgrvkr

?25 0.? Vrayg``kahgs lgdairîe`ns

0.0 Vrayg``kahgs lg pralu` kðh pgr îpktn lg _W

?29 0.< Vrayg``kahgs lg pralu``kðh lg _W

0.7 Uacudgh y îrgn rgqugrkln pnrn gc

rgccgha snhktnrka

?22 0.5 @npn`klnl vacudëtrk`n y vkln útkc lgc sktka

0.9 @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns lgc _Pn

?2; 0.2 Vrairndn`kðh uronhn uncktntkvn‐ùnhtktntkvn

?;0 <. Gc skstgdn uronha



66> 66?

> Cgy lg àhsgrvn`kðh lg cn dntgrkny cn ghgriän lg Cnvakskgr. Gh gc pra-yg`ta qug prgsghtndas trntnrgdaslg ùdpckr a bn`gr ùdpckr gstn cgycn dnyar `nhtklnl lg vg`gs qug sgnpaskocg.

? Khtgrvgh`kðh eäsk`n lg gspn`kasgxtgrkargs qug ralgnh n cn Vcnhtn lg

trntndkghta. Pg rggrg n cn sgcg``kðhlg cas àdpahghtgs, dntgrkncgs ygspg`kgs vgigtncgs. Lg cns supgr-`kgs, cas dîrighgs y cns juhtns, lgcns `krùcn`kahgs, lg cas pnvkdghta,lgc lrghnjg y lg cas trnonjas lg

jnrlkhgrän y gxtgrkargs.

glu`nlar lg uhn ucturn saorg gc

rg`k`cnjg y cas praocgdns ndokghtncgs

ckinlas n cn ighgrn`kðh lg onsurn. Gs

hg`gsnrka ghsgþnr nc vksktnhtg ada

grn lkspugstn cn onsurn nhtgrkardghtg

y ada gs lkspugstn y trntnln gh

cn n`tuncklnl uhn vgz rgnckznln cn

khtgrvgh`kðh, lg gsn dnhgrn hasnsgiurndas gc ghtghlkdkghta lg

cn hg`gsklnl lg lkspahgr cn onsurn

nlgùnlndghtg y ighgrndas ah`kgh`kn

saorg sus bîoktas lg ahsuda.

Gs gvklghtg qug hugstra pnäs nuh gstî

ntrnsnla gh tërdkhas lg trntndkghta

y lkspask`kðh lg cas __WW, dîs par

enctn lg khtgrës qug par ckdktnhtgs

gàhðdkàs.

Lg nbä cn kdpartnh`kn lg gstg prayg`ta=

parqug ous`nrî dgccnr lkegrgh`kns

ghtrg hugstrn tg`hacaiän, pghsndkghtas

sa`kncgs, gàhadän y nrquktg`turn. Pg

tghlrî cn cnrn prgrraintkvn lg qug

gc adpcgja sgrî lg nrî`tgr púockà

y lgogrî pgrdktkr gh tala dadghta

gvklgh`knr cas pra`gsas qug sg ccgvnh n

`noa gh su khtgrkar ada gstrntgikn lg

glu`n`kðh dglka-ndokghtnc, rgnhla

pnksnjgs lklî`tkàs, rgsacvkghla

ghùghtras ah gc ghtarha y lgspcginhla

uhn cðik`n lahlg ha sg lkstkhin ca

hnturnc lg ca nrtk`knc, uhn oúsqugln

lgstkhnln n cairnr gc npaya aduhktnrka,

qug dgjarg cn ncklnl lg vkln lg cas

trnonjnlargs y lg cn kulnl n trnvës lg

uhn ahstru``kðh rgspahsnocg.

Bnstn bn`g nciuhas nþas g kh`cusa núh

bay gh län, cn tgdîtk`n y cn praocgdîtk`n

ndokghtnc sg ghùghtrn duy lkstnh`knln

lgc qugbn`gr nrquktg`tðhkà. Cns

`kulnlgs sg gstulknonh ada nrtgen`tas

sðcklas gstru`turnlas gh uh tgrrktarka

skh hkhiúh tkpa lg rgcn`kðh ah gc

ghtarha= ha sg tadnonh gh ughtncns ghtrnlns y sncklns ghgriëtk`ns y

dntgrkncgs= y du`ba dghas cas pra`gsas

dgtnoackznlargs qug sg igstnonh

lghtra lg gccns. Gh tërdkhas ighgrncgs

grnh gstru`turns khgrtgs y ha ada sg

vkscudornh gh cn n`tuncklnl ada sgrgs

vkvas khtgrrgcn`kahnlas.

Nrgqukpn, ada kulnl y ghtg vkva

lgsnrraccn pra`gsas lg nckdghtn`kðh,

lkigstkðh y lg gx`rg`kðh (àhsuda lg

pralu`tas y ighgrn`kðh lg onsurn), qug

ha bnccnh cn ahvghkghtg kherngstru`turn

uronhn (ðrinhas par nsä lg`krca) pnrn

uhn arrg`tn igstkðh y lkspask`kðh

hnc lg cas rgskluas qug sg ighgrnh.

±ûë euh`kðh y rgcn`kðh tkghg ah cn

nrquktg`turn1 Vugs du`bn, cn khvghtkvn,

cn npn`klnl rgntkvn, cn kdnikhn`kðh g

kh`cusa gc prnidntksda nrquktg`tðhkà

dgrg`gh sgr _G@K@CNLAP gh tkgdpas

gh qug cns ucturns y sghskokcklnlgs

àh rgspg`ta nc dglka ndokghtg bnh

vnrknla lrîstk`ndghtg. Cn kulnl ha

ùghtn ah cns kherngstru`turns uronhns

y nrquktg`tðhk`ns hg`gsnrkns pnrn cn

urightg hg`gsklnl lg trntnr cas _gskluas

Wronhas qug gstn ighgrn, y dghas nuh

àh cn ucturn y glu`n`kðh su`kghtg

pnrn nerahtnr gc qugbn`gr qug ndgrktn

pahgrcns gh prî`tk`n.

±Var quë _G@K@CNJG PKP\ËDK@A1

_g`k`cnr gs khtralu`kr gh gc k`ca lg

vkln uh rgùrsa qug cn tghän niatnlndglknhtg pra`gsas lg trnhseardn`kðh.

Gsa gs ca dîs urightg qug lgogdas

bn`gr ah cn nrquktg`turn= latnrcn lg

hugvns prapkglnlgs y npck`n`kahgs.

Vnrg`g hg`gsnrka gh cn n`tuncklnl ckinr

cn nrquktg`turn n uh hugva sustrnta

y gheaqug bacästkà qug has pgrdktn

ghsnynr prayg`tas khtgrrgcn`kahnlas

n cas nspg`tas sa`kncgs, gàhðdkàs

y eäskà-ndokghtncgs lg cn kulnl.

Pustghtnla gh cn onsg lg qug tala

nqugcca qug dalk`n cn hnturncgzn gs

nrquktg`turn= npck`nrgdas lg nbarn gh

nlgcnhtg gc GHEA^WG PKP\ËDK@A gh

gc lgsnrracca lgc prgsghtg laùdghta.

Gc prgsghtg prayg`ta prapahg gc lksgþa

lgc pnksnjg ? lg uhn gxtghsn îrgn

lgtgrkarnln gh cns neugrns lg cn kulnl,

dglknhtg cn rgàhvgrskðh lgc n`tunc

oatnlgra lg –Cn Vns`nhn— gh uh pnrqug

glu`ntkva saorg gc rg`k`cnjg, nsä ada

cn prayg``kðh lg uh hugva _gccgha

Pnhktnrka, y cn ahstru``kðh lg uhn

Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta pnrn cas _gskluas

Wronhas ha pgckirasas lg cn kulnl

lg Nrgqukpn (n hkvgc nrquktg`tðhkà),

prayg`ta prapucsar y

khtralu` kðh K

–Cn dntgrkn y cnghgriän ha sg `rgnhhk sg lgstruygh=

saca sg trnhseardnh—] Nhtakhg Cnvakskgr T

>



660 66<

0 @n`bkhgras, rg`k`cnlargs kheardncgs,àdgr`knckzn`kðh kheardnc lg cnonsurn, `rknhzn lg nhkdncgs, gt`.

< Wtkckznrgdas n pnrtkr lg nbarn gctërdkha PKP\ËDK@A pnrn nonhlahnrcas trnlk`kahncgs, àhtravgrtklasy saorg`nrinlas tërdkhas àdasustghtnokcklnl y sastghkokcklnl paruh gheaqug bacästkà dîs pgrtkhghtgàh cn prgsghtg prapugstn.

tnhta n praocgdns lg ählacg sa`ka-gà-hðdkà 0 , ada n cas lg ählacg eäskà-

ndokghtnc àda dncas acargs y pnksnjks-

da lgsnirnlnocg.

Gsta aockin hg`gsnrkndghtg n tadnr

dglklns khdglkntns qug paskokcktgh

uh Dnhgja Khtgirnc lg cas __WW, qug

lghtra lg uhn vkskðh skstëdk`n < khvacu-

`rnrän n cn sa`kglnl, g.i. gh cns gtnpns lg

ighgrn`kðh, ncdn`ghndkghta, rgàcg`-

`kðh, trnhsegrgh`kn y trnhspartg, pra`gsn-

dkghta a trntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc

lg cas __WW. N`tuncdghtg cn nrquktg`-

turn ha n`tún a khtgrvkghg ah`rgtndghtg

gh gc lksgþa lg pcnhtns lg trntndkghta (n

hkvgc nrquktg`tðhkà) y lksgþa lg rgccg-

has snhktnrkas (n hkvgc uronha), dîs nuh

ùnhla gstas prayg`tas rgprgsghtnh uhn

kdpartnhtg ahtrkou`kðh n cn glu`n`kðh

ndokghtnc y n cn sacu`kðh lg praocgdns

eäskàs, sa`kncgs, gàhðdkàs y ucturncgs

qug neg`tnh n cn kulnl y ntnþgh n cas

`ndpas tnhta lgc uronhksda ada

lg cn nrquktg`turn.

Wha lg cas prkh`kpncgs praocgdns quggherghtn Nrgqukpn gs gc dnhgja khnlg-

ùnla lg cas rgskluas ladëstkàs, kh-

lustrkncgs y adgr`kncgs. Vgsg n qug sah

du`bns cns nusns qug khuygh gh gstn

praocgdîtk`n, sg puglg lgstn`nr àda

cns prkh`kpncgs: gc rg`kdkghta lgsarlg-

hnla lg cn kulnl, cn ghardg nhtklnl lg

rgskluas qug ighgrn cn paocn`kðh lgokla

n cn enctn lg sghskokckzn`kðh ndokghtnc,

cn rksks gàhðdk`n y lgokcklnl khstktu-

`kahnc lg cns Duhk`kpncklnlgs qug bn

ighgrnla uhn khàrrg`tn lkstrkou`kðh lgc

insta púockà y bn dnhtghkla kgrtns

hg`gsklnlgs uronhns pastgrinlns par

du`ba tkgdpa, cn enctn lg uhn nlgùnln

glu`n`kðh, datkvn`kðh y pnrtk`kpn`kðh

`kulnlnhn gh cas praocgdns snhktnrkas,

ghtrg du`bas atras.

Cas lg`kghtgs dnhgjas khstktu`kahncgs y

cn lgskheardn`kðh sa`knc bnh ahccgvnla

n cn nùducn`kðh lg rgskluas gh zahns

pgrk-uronhns, àhvkrtkëhlacns gh cas on-

surncgs lg cn kulnl, rgcn`kahîhlasgcas

kheardn kðhprgckdkhnr K K

– Bnstn duyrg`kghtgdghtg, cnguearkn khàhtracnln lgc àdgr`kncksdaha bn skla atrnqug usnr y tkrnr,

y nsä,

tkrnr y ncdn`ghnr sg bn kla àhvkrtkghlagh cn pgsnlkccnlgc pcnhgtn— ] Glunrla Nrraya ‐ HaDnl Nrquktg`tas T

>. \ërdkhas lg rgegrgh`kn



667 665

Lgslg skgdprg sg bn gstulknla n Nrgquk-

pn àda uh nrtgen`ta sðckla, nkscnla gh

gc tgrrktarka y gh`cnustrnla ghtrg pnr`gcns

niräàcns, grras y vac`nhgs. Cn kulnl

euh`kahnc y eäsk`ndghtg ghtrnckstn bn

vghkla gxpgrkdghtnhla uh pra`gsa

lgdairîà lg gxpnhskðh n`gcgrnla,

gh uya rg`kdkghta ha pcnhgnla sg eug

gxtkrpnhla îrgn niräàcn n sus pgrkegrkns

y n su vgz bn`änh lg sus ncrglglargs

cas pgreg`tas cuinrgs pnrn aùctnr, ghtrg

ahlucnhtgs cähgns tapairî`ns, cn onsurn

qug pralu`än uhn sa`kglnl qug rg`än

onja tërdkhas lg uh uronhksda paorg y

uh ahsudksda gxn`gronla.

Nsä cas duhk`kpkas skh aha`kdkghta

nciuha, eugrah uok`nhla gh cns zahns

hargstg y haragstg lg cn kulnl cas oa-

tnlgras y onsurncgs, qug bnh dulnla lg

ca`nckzn`kðh n ca cnria lgc tkgdpa pgra

qug núh skiugh euh`kahnhla pgsg n cas

gseugrzas iuogrhndghtncgs.

Whn rgncklnl qug ha saca yn`g gh cn

onsurn lgspnrrndnln skha tndokëh gh

cas dncas bîoktas, cn lgskheardn`kðh ycn nrgh`kn lg glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc lg cn

paocn`kðh qug cn pralu`g.

Bay gs hg`gsnrka ghtghlgr cn kulnl

lgslg su nspg`ta dgtnoðckà, y ghtghlgr

cas pra`gsas qug gh gstn sg igstnh= par ca

tnhta lgogdas nprghlgr n lkspahgr hugs-

tras lgspgrlk`kas arrg`tndghtg, y gh gc

dgjar lg cas nsas rg-npravg`bnr cn

dntgrkn y ghgriän qug usuncdghtg grn

lgpasktnln gh cn tkgrrn, pgra qug yn gh

du`bns kulnlgs lgc duhla vkghg skgh-

la rgkhàrparnln nc skstgdn uronha.

N`tuncdghtg cn Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh-

`knc lg Nrgqukpn vkghg gjgùtnhla uhn

aorn lg snhgndkghta gh gc nhtkiua oatn-lgra lg –Cn Vns`nhn— pgra qug krðhk`n-

dghtg ha gstn skghla kdpcgdghtnln onja

uh rktgrka praegskahnc n`grtnla. Gc oa-

tnlgra skiug gckdkhnhla n kgca nokgrta

uhn sgrkg lg pgckirasas ahtndkhnhtgs= y

gc hugva psgula - rgccgha snhktnrka qug

vkghgh nldkhkstrnhla sg bn gjgùtnla skh

tadnr gh ughtn hkhiuhn hardn të`hk`n

hk ndokghtnc, cn igstkðh lg rgskluas gs

tatncdghtg gdpärk`n y ha gxkstg hkhiúh

tkpa lg prairndn qug khvacu`rg n cn

paocn`kðh gh cn `cnsk`n`kðh sgcg`tkvn

gh arkigh a qug par ca dghas adpgtn cn

glu`n`kðh pnrn gc ahsuda y cn ighgrn-

`kðh ahtracnln lg rgskluas.

Gs dîs ncnrdnhtg qug nhtg cn prgsgh`kn

lg dnqukhnrkn gh gc sktka, gc trnonjnlar

kheardnc bn vksta par ahvghkghtg trnscn-

lnr su îrgn lg trnonja, kdpcgdghtîhlasg

hugvns îrgns lg lgs`nrin kcginc, du-

lîhlasg bn`kn atras oatnlgras lkspgrsas

par cn `kulnl, a gh gc pgar lg cas `nsas

àhiurnhla uhas hugvas.

Du`bas duhk`kpkas, nriudghtnh kiharnr

gstn sktun`kðh, unhla gh vgrlnl gs lg

àha`kdkghta púockà qug cn kheardnck-

lnl y cn `cnhlgstkhklnl pgrdktg ighgrnr

uh hgia`ka pnrncgca ah gc qug cu`rnh nc-iuhas khlkvkluas nc khtgrkar y nc gxtgrkar

lg gstns arinhkzn`kahgs g khstktu`kahgs.

Gh cn n`tuncklnl, nhtg cn nprgdknhtg

sktun`kðh ndokghtnc duhlknc, cn nrquk-

tg`turn y gc lksgþa uronha gh gc Vgrú, y

gspg`kncdghtg gh Nrgqukpn, bn vghkla

pastgrinhla su `npn`klnl lg khtgrvgh-

`kðh gh kherngstru`turns púock`ns qug

Vugla lnr tgstkdahka lg gstn rgncklnl,

pgsg bnogr skla enùctnla y laùdgh-

tnla pnrn rgnckznr cns khlnin`kahgs

pgrtkhghtgs pnrn gstn khvgstkin`kðh, dg

eug kdpaskocg n``glgr n cns khstncn`ka-

hgs lg cn hugvn Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta

lg _gskluas lg cn Duhk`kpncklnl lg

[nhnbunrn, ighgrnhla kgrtn suspk`n`knnhtg tnhtn hgintkvn= y qug pgsg n sgr uhn

pcnhtn pkcata y ha ùorkr cns lgdnhlns

n`tuncgs, grn hg`gsnrka palgr rgàrrgrcn g

khvgstkinrcn.

Whn paskocg ahjgturn palrän sgr cn irnh

`nhtklnl lg krrgiucnrklnlgs y gspgùcn-

`kahgs qug bnh surikla trns su khnuiurn-

`kðh y qug nùsnh uh dnhgja khnlgùnla

lg rgùrsas gàhðdkàs y të`hkàs trns

su pugstn gh dnr`bn. Nsä dksda tnh okgh

gs canocg rgàha`gr cn khk`kntkvn duhk-

`kpnc nuhqug gstn bnyn ighgrnla uhn

irnh lkvgrsklnl lg adghtnrkas, tnhta

pasktkvas àda hgintkvas.7

Ca qug gs uh bg`ba cnra, gs qug bgdas

`grrnla cn pugrtns nc àha`kdkghta

àcg`tkva, ca prkvnla tkghg dîs vncar y

lgog prgvncg`gr nhtgs qug ca púockà,

gc glk`ka ahtkghg y gx`cuyg nhtgs qug

aerg`grsg y npgrturnrsg. Hugstrn nrquk-

tg`turn bay gh län gs khgrtg, gstîtk`n y

skdpcgdghtg vksunc, lgjð lg sgr pnrtk`k-

pntkvn, dalk`nocg, dutnocg y gxpgrk-

dghtnc. Cn khtgrvgh`kðh qug bnorgdas

lg prapahgr, lgogrî enùctnr cn npn`klnl

lgc prairndn y lgc ahtghkla, dkrnla

nù`kasndghtg gc ghtarha y n cas àd- pahghtgs sa`ka-gàhðdkà y ucturnc.

sah kdpartnhtgs gh gc dgtnoacksda lg cn

`kulnl, rglu`kghla su rnlka lg n`tun-

`kðh n pgqugþns uhklnlgs uhkendkcknrgs,

dglknhas adpcgjas ductkendkcknrgs y

du`bäskdns nsns lg pcnyn, qug ha sah

dîs qug gc gc rggja lg uhn ùcturn

qug prapuihn cn sgirgin`kðh `cnskstn,

gc gspn`ka prkvnla y cn lgdnr`n`kðhghrgjnln y pgrkdgtrnc= nhtgs qug gc

lgsnrracca lgc gspn`ka sa`knc, púockà,

àcg`tkva. Vrgtghlkghla aùctnr hugstras

dncas bîoktas trns cns ahlucn`kahgs lg

cn tapairneän, bgdas nhncðik`ndghtg

lkspugsta hugstras lgspgrlk`kas onja gc

tnpgtg, acvklîhlahas lg qug cn gxpnhskðh

uronhn has n`gr`n nln vgz dîs n cas

onsurncgs qug bnstn bn`g nciuhas nþas

sacänh ghàhtrnrsg n vnrkas mkcðdgtras lg

lkstnh`kn.

Nhtg tnh cnrn gvklgh`kn lg lgs-ghtgh-

lkdkghta iuogrhndghtnc erghtg n tnh

nprgdknhtg sktun`kðh, gs urightg qug cas

praegskahncgs khvacu`rnlas gh gc lksgþa

lg cn kulnl tadgh cn khk`kntkvn, ada

du`bas yn bnh vghkla rgnckznhla n hkvgc

duhlknc, lg prapahgr khtgrvgh`kahgs

skstëdk`ns qug trnhseardgh ca aùcta gh

vkskocg, ca khlustrknc gh púockà.

Ca okgh ccndnla par Nhn [niógs –Kdn-

ikhn`kðh prnidîtk`n— rgsudg cn klgn

`ghtrnc lgc prayg`ta, lahlg rglgsùorkr

cn rgncklnl nrquktg`tðhk`n dglknhtg uhn

dalk`n`kðh sustnh`knc lgc ahtghkla,

àhvkrtkghla ca hgutra y ca vucinr gh

ncia khsðckta y sglu`tar, pgrdktg ighgrnruh ndoka gh cn ah`gp`kðh prairndî-

tk`n lgc glk`ka y nsä cairnr khàrparnr

n`tkvklnlgs lg arlgh glu`ntkva, sa`ka-

gàhðdkà, ucturnc y lg gspnr`kdkghta,

npgrturnhla g khàrparnhla cns n`tkvkln-

lgs lgc adpcgja n cn kulnl gh lksyuhtk-

vn ah cn ah`gp`kðh n`tunc lg grrnr cns

pugrtns y dnhtghgr bgrdëtkà y aùcta,

gc pra`gsa qug has purk`n lg hugstrns

khduhlk`kns.

–Cn nrquktg`turn lgogrî, lg nbarn gh nlgcnhtg,

àdpradgtgrsg àh cn ùcturn, cn sa`kglnl, cn

gàhadän, cas dntgrkncgs y cns bnokcklnlgs

tg`hacðik`ns ca`ncgs pnrn cairnr uhn

prapugstn àbgrghtg àh gc dglka ndokghtg—.

7 bttp://www.nhlkhn.àd.pg/Gspnhac/Hatk`kn.nspx1kl4VH>sG?kGla24

bttp://ynhnbunrkha.ocaispat.àd/?66;/67/pcnhtn-lg-rg`k`cnjg-ynhnbunrn.btdc

bttp://ynhnbunrkha.ocaispat.àd/

bttp://runnqp.ocaispat.àd/?662/>6/ynhnbun -rn-kdpcgdghtn-cn->rn-pcnhtn-lg.btdc



669 662

Eki.6> Oatnlgra gh Pulîh. Gh du`bnspnrtgs lgc duhla cas onsurncgssg bnh `ahvgrtkla gh uh gstkca lgvkln y gh eughtg lg trnonja pnrncas dîs hg`gsktnlas. EughtgWHGV Pulnh Lntnonsg ?66;.

Eki.6? (Vîikhn Apugstn) Oatnlgra –CnVns`nhn—. N`gr`ndkghtas n cnonsurn. Nrgqukpn, Vgrú. ?66;.



66; 6>6

Bnstn hgs lgc dgs lg dnrza lgc ?662,

cn Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn

lgpasktnon cas __WW gh gc Oatnlgra

–Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn—, par arlgh cginc

gc oatnlgra gs cnusurnla y cn Duhk`k-

pncklnl khk`kn gc trnscnla lg __WW n

ûgornln Bahln.5

Cn Duhk`kpncklnl Lkstrktnc lg [nhnbunrn

bn kdpcgdghtnla gh gc Lkstrkta lg @grra

@acarnla uhn Vcnhtn Vkcata lg _g`k`cnjg,

qug ha nonstg`g cn lgdnhln lg trntn-

dkghta lg cn kulnl, ckdktîhlasg gx`cu-

skvndghtg n cn cnsk`n`kðh lg rgskluas

khariîhkàs qug pralu`g su lkstrkta.

Nlk`kahncdghtg sg bnh lgtg`tnla krrgiu-

cnrklnlgs gh cn nlquksk`kðh lgc tgrrgha

Gc îrgn pnrn cn rgnckzn`kðh lgc prayg`ta

bn skla lgskihnln par cn Duhk`kpncklnl

Vravkh`knc, sgiúh cn hardntkvn vkightg,

cairîhlasg supgrnr cns npraon`kahgs

snhktnrkns (cgincgs y hardntkvns) arrgs-

pahlkghtgs pnrn su khtgrvgh`kðh.

Cn Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrg-

qukpn, n`tuncdghtg vkghg apgrnhla uh

_gccgha Pnhktnrka gh gc îrgn qug bnorg-

das lg prayg`tnr y pgsg n ahtnr ah uh

gstulka prgvka gcnoarnla par uhn sgrkg

lg arinhkzn`kahgs iuogrhndghtncgs y

ha iuogrhndghtncgs (AHI‛s), vkghgh

lgsnrraccnhla cns n`tkvklnlgs lg aogrtu-

rn lg cas lgsg`bas skh gc lgokla uklnla

të`hkà y ndokghtnc bnokëhlasg ghàh-

trnla cns skiukghtgs krrgiucnrklnlgs:

qug pgrdktkrî rgearznr gc prayg`ta lg

dnhgrn nlgùnln y abgrghtg, hadorîh-

lasg nsgsargs gh cas ndpas pgrtkhghtgs.

Cn cgikscn`kðh y _gicndghtn`kðh nuhqug

núh kh`kpkghtg, sgrvkrî ahvghkghtgdghtg

pnrn cn prapugstn, gc _HG àhtkghg

uh npätuca saorg kherngstru`turns lg

Pnhgndkghta, pgra ha ughtn ah uhn

sg``kðh lgstkhnln gspg`ä`ndghtg n

glk`n`kahgs pnrn gc trntndkghta lg

__WW, par ca tnhta has vnclrgdas

lg cns hardns arrgspahlkghtgs n cns

glk`n`kahgs a tkpacaiäns nhgs nc

prayg`ta.

Gc dnyar ckdktnhtg gstî rgegrkla

n cn en`kcklnl pnrn ghtrgvkstnr n

pgrsahncklnlgs gh `nrias púockàs y n

trnonjnlargs kheardncgs, nsä ada n cn

khn``gskokcklnl n kheardn`kðh pgrtkhghtg.

Cns kherngstru`turns snhktnrkns usnlns

àda rgegrghtgs n hkvgc hn`kahnc sahlg lkeä`kc n``gsa tnhta par ugstkahgs

lg sgiurklnl, nldkhkstrntkva-pacätk`ns

y cgjnhän, pgra n hkvgc khtgrhn`kahnc

sg ughtn ah cn gxpgrkgh`kn pgrsahnc

lg bnogr vksktnla cns khstncn`kahgs lg

uha lg cas dîs dalgrhas adpcgjas

snhktnrkas lg Ncgdnhkn gh Cgvgrmusgh,

gc unc bn datkvnla y bn sgrvkla lg irnh

rgegrghtg gh cn khvgstkin`kðh.

y euh`kahndkghta lg cns khstncn`kahgs

gxpugstns par nciuhas dglkas lg adu-

hk`n`kðh ca`ncgs.

Ha sg pgrdktkð gc n``gsa n cn

Vcnhtn Vkcata lg [nhnbunrn pnrn su lgok-

la gstulka y nhîcksks nlgdîs lg rgnckznr

sus apgrn`kahgs n pugrtns grrnlns, ca

ùnc datkvn y sustghtn cn rgnckzn`kðh lg

uh prayg`ta lg nrî`tgr púockà, adu-

hktnrka y pnrtk`kpntkva, tnc ada sg bn

gxpugsta nhtgrkardghtg.

Lgokla n cn khsu`kghtg kheardn`kðh ok -

ockairî`n n hkvgc ca`nc, cn khvgstkin`kðh

bn ghtrnla cn rgàpkcn`kðh lg lntas,

eughtgs, rgegrgh`kns y gxpgrkgh`kns pnrn-

cgcns n hkvgc hn`kahnc g khtgrhn`kahnc.

Onsnlas gh gc gheaqug skstëdkà, gc pra-

yg`ta dnhgjnrî uhn cähgn khlgpghlkghtg

lg lksgþa ah uhn hugvn dgtalacaiän,

y ha gstnrî ahlk`kahnla n cas rgqugrk-

dkghtas pnrtkùcnrgs lg gdprgsns a khstk-tu`kahgs prkvnlns a púock`ns. Nsä dksda

lgogrî lgsnrraccnrsg tnhta n hkvgc uronha

y nrquktg`tðhkà= onja uhn prayg``kðh

par gtnpns y gh euh`kðh n cas tkgdpas lg

apgrntkvklnl lgc adpcgja.

Pg ahtnrî ah npaya praegskahnc

ductklks`kpckhnrka (Okðcaias, igðcaias,

igðirneas, sa`kðcaias, khighkgras, gt`.)

5 bttp://www.nhlkhn.àd.pg/Gspnhac/Hatk`kn.nspx1kl4VH>sG?kGla24

@e.: Laùdghta Vgrc pnrn cn_gnckzn`kðh lgc _gccgha Pnhktnrkagh ûgornln Bahln. Duhk`kpncklnlVravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn. Nrgqukpn -Vgrú. ?662.

n. Vrgs khlg gc usa lg iga-dgdornhns y dntgrkncgs nkscnhtgs nhtgs lg lgpasktnr cas lgsg`bas. o. Cn rgùpgrn kðh lg insgs y ckxkvknlas ha bn skla prgvkstn.

. Cas gspgsargs lgc dntgrknc lg aogrturn ha sah cas nlgùnlas.

l. Ha sg rgnckzn uh trntndkghta y cnsk`n kðh lg rgskluas prgvka lgpðskta.(khnlgùnln vncarn kðh lgc dntgrknc lgpasktnla).

g. Pg nrg`g lg uh pcnh lg glu`n kðh ndokghtnc y igstkðh lg rgskluas ghcns eughtgs ighgrnlarns lg lgspgrlk kas.

e. Wh khnlgùnla gstulka lg kdpn ta ndokghtnc, bn àhccgvnla cnnpck`n kðh lg khg kghtgs dglklns snhktnrkns y lg sgiurklnl.

?. Nc`nh`gs & ckdktn`kahgs



6>> 6>?

9 Paca sg gstnocg`gränh gtnpns gxpg-rkdghtncgs gh `nsa sg àhstruygrncn prapugstn y puglnh tgstgnrsgrgsuctnlas n pastgrkark, ca ùnc hasg npck`n n cn prgsghtg tgsks.

@lr.6> Lkstrkou`kðh lg vnrknocgs gkhlk`nlargs lg khvgstkin`kðh pargtnpns y npätucas.GCNOA_N@KÐH V_AVKN ?66;.

* Pg àhsklgrn nc Vcnh G@AQ \G__ tnhta gh cn gtnpn prapa-sktkvn àda gh cn lgs`rkptkvnyn qug pgrdktkrî lgtgrdkhnr cn`nrn`tgrkzn`kðh lgc àhtgxta nhkvgc sg`tarknc y n su vgz eardn

pnrtg lgc prayg`ta gh cn gtnpnlg Vcnhk`n`kðh Wronhn.

** Unrknocg Khvgstkintkvn ]nTUnrknocg Vrapasktkvn ]oT Unrkn-ocg Dkxtn ]`T

Cas gstulkas lgs`rkptkvas n lgsnrraccnr pgrdktkrîh ighgrnr uhn kdnigh cnrn saorg cn

sktun`kðh n`tunc lg cn kulnl lg Nrgqukpn ah rgspg`ta n cas __WW y gxpcä`ktndgh-tg n cas ladëstkàs, n pnrtkr lg cns àhlk`kahgs eäsk`ns, hardntkvns, ahtgxtuncgs y

tgðrk`ns. Pg dglkrîh vnrknocgs a ah`gptas ah gc h lg gspg`k`nr cns nrn`tgrästk`ns

a sktun`kahgs pnrtkùcnrgs. Cas rgsuctnlas y cn sähtgsks hnc pgrdktkrîh gstnocg`gr cns

onsgs y àhlk`kahgs hg`gsnrkns gh cn gtnpn prapask`kahnc, qug tghlrî ada rgsuctnla

hnc cn prapugstn uronha-nrquktg`tðhk`n, nsudkghla ah`cuskahgs n prkark skh sgr

gstnocg`klns par gc ndpa gxpgrkdghtnc 9 , lg nbä qug sg bn adktkla gc usa lg uhn

bkpðtgsks qug ha palrän sgr adpraonln gh gc prgsghtg gstulka.

Q_gvkskðh laùdghtnc

QEk`bn okockairî`n

Q@ahtrnstn`kðh \gðrkà-prî`tk`n

QGhtrgvkstns

QUksktns n rgegrghtgs.

Whn vgz tgrdkhnlns cns gtnpns lgs`rkptkvns y bnokghla lghkla yn ah`rgtndghtg

cn gtnpn prapasktkvn lgogrîh ahtrntnstnrsg ahtkhundghtg talns y nln uhn lg gccns

pnrn qug cas rgsuctnlas gspgrnlas sgnh cas dîs nàrlgs y àbgrghtgs ghtrg sä= ca qug

pgrdktkrî rgarinhkznr, nþnlkr y rggstru`turnr `nln gtnpn gh euh`kðh nc nvnh`g lg cn

prapugstn. Gh gstg `nsa gc gheaqug skstëdk a npck`nla pgrdktg uhn ahtkhun rgtran-

ckdghtn`kðh y uh tgstga par ahtrnstg prgvka n cn ghtrgin hnc lg cn khvgstkin`kðh,

cn qug ntrnvgsnrî uhn sgrkg lg pra`gsas lg pgreg``kahndkghta y puckla ahstnhtg, y

saorg tala sg cairnrî abgrgh`kn ghtrg cns pnrtgs. gt sgq.:

• G\NVN LGP@_KV\KUN @AH@GV\WNC ‐ _GEG_GH@KNC ]>T

@ahtghlrî cns vnrknocgs gstnocg`klns gh gc dnrà \gðrkà-àh`gptunc, dnrà Hardntkva y dnrà _gegrgh`knc, cn unc sg rgnckznrî gh trgs lkstkhtns gs`ncns:

Khtgrhn`kahnc, Hn`kahnc y Ca`nc.

• G\NVN LGP@_KV\KUN @AH\GR\WNC ]?T

@ahtghlrî cns vnrknocgs gstnocg`klns gh gc Dnrà _gnc, y gstulkas uronhas

àrrgspahlkghtgs gspg`ä`ndghtg nc cuinr lahlg sg uok`nrî cn prapugstn.

• G\NVN V_AVAPK\KUN ]0T

ûg ahtghlrî gc prayg`ta uronha-nrquktg`tðhkà y cas vncargs uncktntkvas y

ùnhtktntkvas lg cn prapugstn.

vnrknocgs khlgpghlkghtgs vnrknocgs lgpghlkghtgs

vnrknocgs khlk`nlargs vnrknocgs khlk`nlargs

Cas _gskluasWronhas ]__WWT

]nT

@cnsk`n`kðh

@nrn`tgrästk`ns eäsk`nsIgstkðh y àdpgtgh`knshn`kahncgs g khtgrhn-`kahncgsNspg`tas igrgh`kncgs y\ë`hkà-apgrntkvas.

dnrà tgðrk a ah`gptunc

Gc _gccghaPnhktnrka ]_PnT

]nT

@cnsk`n`kðh

LkdghskahgsPkstgdns lg IgstkðhVra`glkdkghtas, îcùcas ynspg`tas të`hkà-àhstru`tkvas@cnusurn y rgàhvgrskðh.

Cn Vcnhtn lg\rntndkghta ]V\T

]nT

@cnsk`n`kðh y Lkdghskahgs

\kpacaiänsPkstgdns lg IgstkðhVra`glkdkghtas, îcùcas ynspg`tas të`hkà-àhstru`tkvas.

Cn Hardntkvn]nT

Cgygs y _gicndghtasArlghnhznsVKIN_P Nrgqukpn_HG - VLND yNlgùn`kahgs, Hardntkvn nlk`kahnc. dnrà jurälk a-hardntkva

Gxpgrkgh`kns@ahnocgs ]nT

Khtgrhn`kahncgs Hn`kahncgs dnrà rgegrgh knc

Pktun`kðh DgtrapacktnhnVKIN_P

dnrà rgnc

G \ N V N

V _ A V A P K \ K U N

] 0 T

Gc ahtgxta]`T

Pktun`kðh Pg`tarknc /Vcnh G@A-\G__:* Khvghtnrka Eäskà* Gvncun`kðh Ndokghtnc* @ahlk`kahgs ckdîtk`ns

* Nhîcksks gàhðdkà ysa`ka-pacätkà.

Vrapugstn lgc@adpcgja

]_Pn + V\T ]oT

Vrairndn`kðhùncktntkvn/ùnhtktntkvnZahk`n`kðh, @îcùcas y

nspg`tas të`hkàsLksgþa - Nhtgprayg`ta

prapugstn uronhn

Vrapugstn Vcnhtnlg \rntndkghta

]V\T ]oT

Vrairndn`kðhùncktntkvn/ùnhtktntkvn,Zahk`n`kðh,

`îcùcas y nspg`tas të`hkàslgc Nhtgprayg`ta y prayg`ta. prapugstn nrquktg tðhk n

0. Cn khvgstkin`kðh y cns vnrknocgs

n. Lgs`rkptkva - rgàpkcntarkn & prapask kahnc

. Gtnpns y vnrknocgs lg khvgstkin kðh

o. Khstrudghtas lg khvgstkin kðh



6>26>9

Gh gc Vgrú, bn`g uh tkgdpa, cn pcnhk`n`kðh eug ahsklgrnln uhn bgrrndkghtn lg

prkdgr arlgh, pgra par en`targs pacätk as, pnucntkhndghtg sg cg rgstð kdpartnh kn

ccginhla nsk nc puhta lg su gxtkh`kðh. Nbarn, lgspuës lg vnrkas nþas sg vugcvg n

rgtadnr gc tgdn gh uh dadghta gh gc qug gh atrns pnrtgs lgc duhla cn earducn`kðh

y gjgù`kðh lg hugvas gheaqugs lg pcnhk`n`kðh yn tkghg uhn cnrin gxpgrkgh`kn,

prkdgra gh GGWW y gh Gurapn y cugia gh du`bns atrns pnrtgs lgc pcnhgtn, kh`cuklas

du`bas pnäsgs lg Ndërk`n Cntkhn.

Cn praspg`tkvn tgrrktarknc y cn Vcnhk`n`kðh gstrntëik`n sah hugvns bgrrndkghtns lg

cn pcnhk`n`kðh uronhn dalgrhn qug bnorgdas lg khàrparnr y utkckznr ahvghkghtg-

dghtg gh hugstrn khvgstkin`kðh, pnrn cairnr sustghtnr cn dgjar sacu`kðh paskocg nhtg

gc praocgdn lg cas __WW.

Cn praspg`tkvn gs lghkln ada gc ahjuhta lg –tghtntkvns skstgdîtk`ns pnrn aosgr -

vnr n cnria pcnza gc eutura lg cn kgh`kn, cn tg`hacaiän, cn gàhadän y cn sa`kglnl ah

gc prapðskta lg klghtk`nr cns tg`hacaiäns gdgrightgs qug praonocgdghtg praluz`nh

cas dnyargs oghg`kas gàhðdkàs, ndokghtncgs y sa`kncgs— y gs n su vgz, uhn bg-

rrndkghtn lg nyuln gh cn lg`kskðh lg cn pcnhk`n`kðh lgc tgrrktarka.

Cn dgtalacaiän lg cn praspg`tkvn pgrdktg rglu`kr gc rkgsia g kh`grtkludorg gh cn

pugstn gh dnr`bn lg uh prayg`ta parqug pgrdktkrî klghtk`nr cas en`targs `cnvg y

saorg gccas kdpcgdghtnr cn gstrntgikn geg`tkvn. Gstn, pgrdktg n su vgz nhnckznr cas

paskocgs gs`ghnrkas qug sg norgh nc prayg`ta y uhn vgz sgcg``kahnla gc gs`ghnrka

npugstn, nrtkùcnr cns n``kahgs gstrntëik`ns pgrtkhghtgs.

. Cn praspg`tkvn tgrrktarknc puglg npck`nrsg tnhta nc lgsnrracca sa`kagàhðdkà lgc

tgrrktarka, ada n cn arlghn`kðh lgc tgrrktarka.

. Cn praspg`tkvn tgrrktarknc puglg àdprghlgr tgdns ighgrncgs, gspg`knckznlas a par

sg`targs.

Cn Vcnhke`n`kðh Gstrntëik`n gs uhn bgrrndkghtn pnrn gc lgsnrracca gàhðdkà,

sa`knc, ucturnc y ndokghtnc lg uhn kulnl a lg uh tgrrktarka. Gc Vcnh Gstrntëikà sg

earducn gh onsg nc nhîcksks lg cn sktun`kðh n`tunc y n cn ndpckn pnrtk`kpn`kðh lg cas

n`targs púockàs y prkvnlas gh cn lgtgrdkhn`kðh lg cas aojgtkvas. Gc Vcnh Gstrntëikà

lghg gc aojgtkva a ah`gpta lgc eutura lgc tgrrktarka y lgckhgn cas prkh`kpncgs puhtas

lg cn n``kðh pnrn cairnr sus aojgtkvas.>0

>? [NIÓGP, Nhn. ] lgc Ckora _g`k-`cnhla Dnlrkl. Noncas & Bgrrgras

Nrquktg`tas.gt nc. N`tnr (gl.) Gspn-þn. ?666. ap.`kt.pp. ?>?-?>7 T.

>0 \gxtas trnhs`rktas y nlnptnlas lg:@e. * P\GKHOG_I, Ecarknh - Vb.L.& @WONP, @nrcas - Pa`. –Vcnhke -

`n`kðh Gstrntëik`n— . Khstktutg earBauskhi nhl Wronh LgvgcapdghtPtulkgs (KBP), _attgrlnd, Bacnhln gh àcnoarn`kðh àh cn Pg``kðhlg Vast Irnla lg cn Enùctnl lg

Nrquktg`turn lg cn WHK. ?669.@e. * NP\KIN__NIN, Ghgma. –Bgrrn-dkghtns pnrn cn praspg`tkvn tgrrk-tarknc Vcnhk`n`kðh Gstrntëik`n lg@kulnlgs—. Whkvgrsklnl lg Lgusta.

Okcona - Gspnþn. ?662.

praspg tkvngstrntëik n K K K

>. Vraspg`tkvn \grrktarknc &Vcnhk`n`kðh Gstrntëik`n

– Uga cns oa`ns nokgrtnslg cas àcgikncgs...

... qug dkrnh ntðhktas`ðda sg pnsgnh `îs`nrns lg hnrnhjn y cntns lg rgergsà par tnpk`gs ralnhtgs

àda irupas lg turkstns

gh uh ngrapugrta...—

] Nhn [niógs T

>?



VCNH\GNDKGH\A LGC V_AOCGDN(îroac lg praocgdns)

àdpugsta par...

`nusns geg`tas

aojgtkva > aojgtkva 0

Dgtn >.> Dgtn >.? Dgtn >.0

Dgtn 0.> Dgtn 0.? Dgtn 0.0

nhîcksks lg eugrznkdpucsnlarns / ahtghglarns

aojgtkva ?

Dgtn ?.> Dgtn ?.? Dgtn ?.0

GP\_N\GIKNP & N@@KAHGP

N@@KAHGP àrta pcnza / dglknha pcnza / cnria pcnza

GP@GHN_KAP N@\WNC (lkhîdk`n àhtgxtunc)\GHLGH@KNC @AH@G_\NLA (praonocg)

NC\G_HN\KUA (lgsgnla)

dnrà rgncdnrà tgðrkà

dnrà hardntkvadnrà rgegrgh`knc

DN\_KZ EALN(lknihästkà lg cn lkhîdk`n ahtgxtunc

V_GDKPNP LG LKPGÞALKPGÞA

G.K.N.(gstulka lg Kdpn`ta ndokghtnc)

6>; 6?6

>< Hgacaiksda nsa`knla papucnr-dghtg nc qug rgnckzn cn n`tkvklnllg àdprnr y rgàcg`tnr onsurn lgdnhgrn kheardnc.

Vgsg n cn gxkstgh`kn lg uhn cnrn cgikscn`kðh y hardntkvn hn`kahnc qug aockincn prahtn y àrrg`tn igstkðh lg cas __WW y dîs nuh npaynln par gc VK-IN_P gcnoarnla pnrn Nrgqukpn gh egorgra lgc ?66<, ha sg bnh tadnlalgslg ghtah`gs dglklns rgncgs y g`n`gs pnrn sacu`kahnr gc praocgdn ckinla

n cn onsurn.

Nrgqukpn ha ughtn ah Vcnhtns lg \rntndkghta lg __WW hk ah _gccghasPnhktnrkas rgiucnlas par gstn hardntkvn= kh`cusa dîs ncnrdnhtg gs cn `nrgh-`kn lg rgspahsnokcklnl sa`knc lg cn paocn`kðh, lgskheardnln saorg gc irnvg

praocgdn ndokghtnc nsa`knla n cn khàrrg`tn lkspask`kðh lg cn onsurn. Cnn`tkvklnl lg rg`k`cnjg a cnsk`n`kðh gs rgnckznln lg dnhgrn kheardnc, onja

àhlk`kahgs paà envarnocgs y lg nctas hkvgcgs lg rkgsia pnrn cn sncul lg cassgirginlargs y n`bkhgras >< , lghtra lg cas ùncgs gxkstg uh ncta par`ghtnjglg hkþas= justndghtg gccas sah gc àdpahghtg gsgh`knc pnrn igstnr uhn klgnlg vncar skstëdkà àda cn qug sg vn n prapahgr gh gc prgsghtg gstulka. Nuhnla n cas praocgdns lg cas oatnlgras y `cnsk`n`kðh kheardnc, uhn

`nrgh`kn nhiustkasn lg sghskokcklnl y glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc gh cn paocn`kðhgs tndokëh ncnrdnhtg, parqug sadas nc h y nc `noa hasatras cas dgin-

àhsudklargs y dgin-ighgrnlargs lg onsurn gh cns `kulnlgs, y ha gxkstgh prayg`tas qug datkvgh gstn sghskokcklnl hk gluqugh lg dnhgrn prî`tk`n n cn paocn`kðh gh uh usa dîs g`kghtg y nlg unla lg cas rgùrsas y n su vgz uhn

àrrg`tn cnsk`n`kðh pnrn su rgùpgrn`kðh y lkspask`kðh hnc.

Gstnrgdas pugs, nc ha n`tunr ah prahtktul, ahvkrtkghla hugstrns pgrkegrknsgh irnhlgs oatnlgras, lgsàhtracnlas gh su usa y gxprapkn`kðh, ahlghnh-la n cas trnonjnlargs kheardncgs y n qukghgs bnoktnh juhta n gccns n rkgsiassnhktnrkas khhg`gsnrkas.Ccginrî gc län gh qug cn `ndpkþn yn ha sgn lgprglnln par cn gxpnhskðh uron-ha-rgsklgh`knc skha par cn onsurn qug ha bgdas snokla trntnr y lkspahgr, uhngspg`kg lg nceadorn qug gsàhlg lgonja lg sk cn khduhlk`kn qug cn `kulnl bntrntnla lg aùctnr gh sus gxtgrhncklnlgs, qug sg ahvgrtkrîh cugia gh euturns`ghtrncklnlgs bnoktnlns. Has ralgnrgdas lg onsurn n dala lg duras dglkg-vncgs qug trngrîh ahskia praocgdns ndokghtncgs dnyargs duy lkeä`kcgs lgsacu`kahnr gh gc eutura. Pk cn nrquktg`turn ha puglg n`tunr nhtg gstns prgrra-intkvns, ghtah`gs dg prgiuhta ±@uîc gs ghtah`gs gc rac qug gstî nsudkghla cnnrquktg`turn bay gh län= sk gstn sg rgð pnrn rgsacvgr cn àhvkvgh`kn ghtrg gcsgr budnha y cn hnturncgzn1

@lr.60 Lknirndn utkckznla pnrn gclgsnrracca lg cn praspg`tkvn,nlgùnln g khtgirnln n cns

gtnpns lgc ùnlra dgtalacðikà.

?. Cn praocgdîtk`ngsqugdn sgùgh`knc - praspg`tkvn gstrntëik`n

LKHÎDK@N \G__K\A_KNC (EALN) (lknihðstkà y nhîcksks lg rkgsias g kdpn`tas)



6??

0. Lkhîdk`n lgc praocgdnEki.6< Îroac lg praocgdns, klghtk`nhla

`nusns y geg`tas gh cas ndpas:cginc, të`hkà, gàhðdkà khstktu-`kahnc, sa`ka-ùcturnc y eäskà-ndokghtnc. ?66;



6?0 6?<

7. Aojgtkvas gspg`äàs & dgtns

<. Aojgtkva ighgrnc Vrayg`tnr uh @adpcgja Wronha - Pnhktnrka pnrn gc

trntndkghta lg cas _gskluas Wronhas ha pgckirasas

qug ighgrn cn `kulnl lg Nrgqukpn, àheardnla par

cn hugvn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta, gc hugva rgccgha

snhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln & cn rgùpgrn`kðh

y trnhseardn`kðh pnksnjästk`n lgc oatnlgra lg Cn

Vns`nhn.

"

"

Vrapahgr uhn dgtalacaiän lg arlgh skstëdkà qug tghin cn `npn`klnllg rgtranckdghtnrsg, g khàrparg uhn hugvn vkskðh gh cn prayg``kðh lgkherngstru`turns lg arlgh snhktnrka.

Vrayg`tnr uh àdpcgja pnksnjästkà àh`gokla onja uhn ðptk`n bacäs-tk`n, ùyns n``kahgs gstîh lgstkhnlns nc trntndkghta y rg`k`cnla lgrgskluas uronhas ariîhkàs g khariîhkàs, n su rgùpgrn`kðh ghgrië-tk`n y n su àrrg`tn lkspask`kðh hnc= nlgdîs lg pravggr lg gspn`kas

pnrn glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc y cn pnrtk`kpn`kðh `kulnlnhn.

Lgsnrraccnr n hkvgc uronha gc trntndkghta pnksnjästkà, tnhta pnrn gc oatnlgra n `cnusurnr àda pnr n gc eutura rgccgha snhktnrka, khàrpa-rnhla gc lksgþa lg gxtgrkargs nc lg cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta.

Vrayg`tnr n hkvgc nrquktg`tðhkà cns kherngstru`turns hg`gsnrkns pnrngc trntndkghta lg cas rgskluas uronhas ariîhkà g khariîhkàs qug sgn`npnz lg lkncainr g`kghtgdghtg àh gc ghtarha y pgrdktn gvklgh`knr

cas pra`gsas qug su`glgh gh su khtgrkar.

• Lgsnrraccnr uhn dgtalacaiän onsnln gh gc gheaqug skstëdkà lg eî`kc trnhsegrkokcklnl,qug skrvn ada rgegrghtg pnrn hugvns prapugstns.

• Lkegrgh`knr cn dgtalacaiän lgstkhnln pnrn khvgstkin`kahgs n`nlëdk`ns lg nqugccn nusnrsg gh prayg`tas rgncgs.

• Gcnoarnr uh Gsqugdn Pkstëdkà lg Euh`kahndkghta n hkvgc uronha & nrquktg`tðhkà.

• Gcnoarnr gc lksgþa lgc àdpcgja àdprghlkla par gtnpns y tkgdpa lg vkln n hkvgc lgnhtgprayg`ta.• Lksgþnr khstncn`kahgs qug pgrdktnh rglu`kr astas apgrn`kahncgs gh cn igstkðh lg __WW,

ighgrnr hugvns eughtgs lg gdpcga, eardnckznr gc sg`tar, adpradgtgr cn pnrtk`kpn`kðhlg cns eughtgs ighgrnlarns y ighgrnr ah`kgh`kn ndokghtnc gh talas cas n`targs.

• Lgsnrraccnr uh gsqugdn pnrn cn rgùpgrn`kðh eäskà-ghgriëtk`n y gàhðdk`n lg cas__WW, àhg`tnhla gc prayg`ta n euturns rglgs y lgsnrraccas snhktnrkas gh cn kulnl.

• Ca`nckznr y lgsnrraccnr të`hk`ndghtg uh hugva rgccgha snhktnrka àh uh tkgdpa lg vkln pradglka ha dghar n ?6 nþas.

• Pnhgndkghta ndokghtnc lgc nhtkiua oatnlgra, khàrparîhlaca n cns hugvns khstncn`kahgsy nc ghtarha gxkstghtg.

• Khàrparnr gh gc lksgþa îrgns lgstkhnlns pnrn cn glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc, a`ka y gvghtasrgcn`kahnlas n cns n`tkvklnlgs lgc àdpcgja= lkegrgh`kîhlacns nlgùnlndghtg lg cnszahns lg trnonja, prgvkghla cn sgiurklnl snhktnrkn lgc nsa.

• Lksgþnr kherngstru`turns lgstkhnlns n cn igstkðh y nldkhkstrn`kðh lg cns khstncn`kahgs.

• @rgnr uh rgegrghtg tkpacðikà hugva, rgsacvkghla dglknhtg uhn kdnigh khlustrknc, praocgdns àhtgdparîhgas lg nrquktg`turn.

• Lksgþnr cns pcnhtns lg trntndkghta y rgùpgrn`kðh lg __WW Khariîhkàs & ariîhkàs.• Khàrparnr gh gc prairndn, gspn`kas lg `nrî`tgr glu`ntkva-ùcturnc qug pgrdktnh cn

pnrtk`kpn`kðh lg vksktnhtgs y trnonjnlargs.• Vravggr lg gspn`kas lg npaya sa`knc y àduhnc pnrn cas trnonjnlargs.• Lksgþnr gspn`kas pnrn cn `npn`ktn`kðh g khvgstkin`kðh praegskahnc rgcn`kahnlns n cn

igstkðh lg _gskluas.



6?7 6?5

5. Nhîcksks lg eugrzns (Ear`g egcl nhncysks)

Eugrzns kdpucsnlarns Eugrzns ahtghglarns

• @rg`kghtg khtgrës bn`kn tgdns ndokghtncgs, àda rgsuctnla lg uhn sktun kðh nprgdknhtg

qug has aockin n ighgrnr `ndokas.

• Npaya lg praegskahncgs nck`nlas.

• Gxpgrkgh`kns pnrncgcns ah rgsuctnlas pasktkvas y àhnocgs.

• Npnrk`kðh y prada`kðh lg hugvas pnrnlkidns lg `nrî`tgr lkhîdkà g khtgrrgcn`kahnlar.

• Vgr`gp`kðh pasktkvn lg khtgrvgh`kahgs ndokghtncgs par pnrtg lg cn paocn`kðh.

• Npnrk`kðh lg pgqugþns khk`kntkvns lg nsa`kntkvklnl khstktu`kahnc.

• Vrkdgras khlk`kas lg npaya iuogrhndghtnc y ha iuogrhndghtnc gh tgdns lg

snhgndkghta ndokghtnc.

• N`gr`ndkghta púockà nc àha`kdkghta lg cn praocgdîtk`n ndokghtnc nsa knln

n cn igstkðh lg __WW.

• Gxkstgh`kn lg gxtghskahgs tgrrktarkncgs, npaynlns gh cn hardntkvn, pnrn uh nlgùnla

trntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc lg __WW.

• Khtgrës lg @aapgrn`kðh të`hk`n khtgrhn`kahnc ductklks`kpckhnrkn.

• Gxkstgh`kn lg uhn onsg cginc qug aockin n gcnoarnr uhn sacu`kðh rgegrghtg n cas __WW.

• Gxkstgh`kn lg dglkas y eughtgs lg hnh`kndkghta nctgrhntkvns y nsgqukocgs pnrn hugstrn

rgncklnl.

• Npnrk`kðh lg tghlgh`kns nrquktg`tðhk`ns khtgrhn`kahncgs khtgrgsnlns gh pnrtk`kpnr y rgtadnr

su hkvgc lg n`tun`kðh gh tkpacaiäns lg `nrî tgr khlustrknc y lg snhgndkghta.

(hugvas rgegrghtgs k`ðhkàs).

• Ndpck`n`kðh lgc `ndpa lg n`tun`kðh lg cn nrquktg`turn y gc uronhksda gh prayg`tas

ductklks`kpckhnrkas gh rgspugstn n cn n`tunc rksks gàhðdk`n y ndokghtnc.

• Hg`gsklnl lg dgjarnr cns àhlk`kahgs ndokghtncgs lg cas trnonjnlargs kheardncgs, ighgrnr

hugvas pugstas lg trnonja y nudghtnr cns inhnh`kns gàhðdk`ns n pnrtkr lg hugvns

paskokcklnlgs lg hgia`kas gà-sustghtnocgs.

• Ckdktnln gxpgrkgh`kn y gs`nsn pnrtk`kpn`kðh lg pgrsahnc `nck`nla gh prayg`tas

lg `nrî`tgr ndokghtnc.

• Gstnh`ndkghta gh gheaqugs nhtkiuas y nhn`rðhkàs.

• N`tktul hgintkvn y lgsàhnhzn gh hugvns dgtalacaiäns (rgskstgh`kn nc `ndoka).

• Ukskðh pnr`knckznln y àhsgrvnlarn onja uhn cðik`n lg gstru`turn gstîtk`n.

• _gskstgh`kn lgc sg`tar kheardnc nhtg uh `ndoka pasktkva lg cn sktun`kðh lg cas __WW.

• Kheardn`kðh gs`nsn y/a dnc arkghtnln bn`kn cn paocn`kðh

• _glu`kla gseugrza par pnrtg lg nutarklnlgs y paocn`kðh pnrn kdpucsnr gc `ndoka.

• Onja y/a dnc arkghtnlas prgsupugstas, nuhnlas n cn àrrup`kðh khstktu`kahnc.

• Khsu`kghtg àarlkhn`kðh y àapgrn`kðh khtgr-khstktu`kahnc.

• Khgxkstghtg trnhspnrgh`kn gh gc dnhgja gàhðdkà y pacätkà-iuogrhndghtnc.

• Lgsàha`kdkghta lg dalgcas y nlgùnlns të`hk ns lg igstkðh lg __WW.

• Khnlgùnla dnhgja púockà lg cn kheardn`kðh.

• \gdar gh àdpradgtgr n`tkvndghtg n cn paocn`kðh gh gc lgsnrracca lg prayg`tas púockàs.

• Pkstgdns lg rgàcg``kðh y vncarn`kðh lgc _gsklua duy lgsarinhkznla, nhn`rðhk a

y paà geg`tkva.

• Pg`tar ha khstktu`kahnckznla, lahlg ha sg vkscudorn uhn `cnrn ghtklnl pnrn cn igstkðh

y cn nldkhkstrn`kðh lg cas __WW lg cn kulnl.

• Gs`nsa khtgrës lg praegskahncgs n hkvgc ca`nc y hn`kahnc par gc lksgþa lg

kherngstru`turns khlustrkncgs lg snhgndkghta ndokghtnc.

• Khgxkstghtgs kdîighgs y gs`nsa àha kdkghta gh gc lksgþa tkpacðik a lg kherngstru`turns

uronha-nrquktg`tðhk`ns lg snhgndkghta ndokghtnc.

• Lgsàha`kdkghta lg uhn prairndn`kðh unhtktntkvn y uncktntkvn.

• _glu`kln pnrtk kpn`kðh praegskahnc ductklks`kpckhnrkn.

• @gca khtgr - praegskahnc kheuhlnla y pnr knckznla.

• Pgirgin`kðh lgc usunrka gh cas pra`gsas lg pcnhk`n`kðh, lksgþa y àhstru``kðh.



hugvns kherngstru turns

oatnlgras n tkvas

6?9 6?2

9. Gstrntgikns N``kahgs Vrayg`tas Ca`nckzn`kðh

khtgirn kðh & àhsackln kðhkhstktu kahnc

lgsnrracca kherngstru`turnc

snhgndkghta eäsk a

glu`n kðh ndokghtnc

pnrtk kpntkvn

khvgstkin kðh y

gvncun kðh pgrdnhghtg

rgkhàrparn kðh y

pnrtk kpn kðh sa knc

gàhadäns vgrlgs

@rgn kðh lg cn _gl lg @ghtras \g`hacðik as

lg Khvgstkin`kðh gh __WW (@\K_W)

Npgrturn lg Khstncn kahgs lg \rntndkghtay rgùpgrn`kðh lg __WW Khariîhk as

Npgrturn lg hugvas _gccghas Pnhktnrkas@ahtracnlas (_Pn) y Vcnhtns lg _gùpgrn-

kðh y Uncarn kðh Ghgriëtk n

@cnusurn y rgàhvgrskðh lg n`tuncgs oatnlg-ras dglknhtg cn rgn`kðh lg hugvas Vnrqugs

\g`hacðik as Glu`ntkvas (V\G)

@ahstru``kðh lg Khstncn`kahgs lgtrnhseardn`kðh __WW ariîhk as pnrn

àdpastnjg y Okadgtnhkzn kðh

Kdpcgdghtn kðh lg Vuhtas vgrlgslg rgàcg``kðh púock n lg__WW prg-`cnsk nlas

Npgrturn lg Gstn kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`knlg __WW n hkvgc lkstrktnc

Npgrturn lg Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghtalg __WW pgckirasas (baspktncnrkas,

Khlustrkncgs & lgdack kðh)

@rgn`kðh lg cn rgl nskstgh`knc y lg rgàhvgr-skðh cnoarnc lgc trnonjnlar kheardnc (rg`k cn-

largs y n`bkhgras)

Kdpcgdghtn`kðh y lgsnrracca lg cn hugvnA`khn lg Pnhgndkghta Ndokghtnc Duhk kpnc(APND) ada úhk a ghtg lg igstkðh lg cas

__WW lg cn kulnl

Vnrqugs \g`hacðik as Glu`ntkvas

Nroarkzn kðh y rgeargstn kðh lgoatnlgras cnusurnlas

Vnogccðh lg Gxbkok kðh yDusga lg cas __WW

Vcnhtn lg _gùpgrn`kðh ghgriëtk nlg _Pn (Ins & ckxkvknlas)

Vcnhtn Gà - Kh khgrnlarn &lg rgùpgrn kðh ghgriëtk n

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lggcg traladëstk as lg cähgn ocnh`n

Vuhtas Ugrlgs lg _gàcg``kðh Vúock nsgcg`tkvn lg onjn y dglknhn gs`ncn

Glk`ka lg cn A`khn lg Pnhgndkghta Ndokghtnc Duhk`kpnc (APND) - Igstkðh

lg @adpcgjas Pnhktnrkas

Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg __WWKhariîhk as y àdpastnjg

Vrayg`ta lg _gàhvgrskðh cnoarnc lgctrnon jnlar kheardnc: "Pkstgdn lg

rgàcg``kðh onjn gh nroaha"

Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg __WWVgckirasas y Baspktncnrkas

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg _gskluaslg ahstru``kðh y lgdack kðh

_gccghas Pnhktnrkas @ahtracnlas

Gstn`kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`kn lg __WW

@ghtra lg khvgstkin`kðh, glu`n`kðh yghtrghndkghta të`hk a gh __WW

@ghtra àduhktnrka y okghgstnr sa`knc lgc trnonjnlar y lgc rg`k cnlar

ca`nckzn`kðh lgcîrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðhdnyar ahvgrigh`kn lg ujas ]KHputsT

gh irks: n``kahgs y prayg`tas sgcg``kahnlas pnrn su lgsnrracca

nqugccas qug rg`kogh uhn irnh nhtklnl lg ujas ]KHputsT

y udpcgh cas aojgtkvas y dgtns lg cn dnyarän lg cns gstrntgikns

Eki.67 Lknirndn lg Ecujas ghtrg g strntgikns, n``kahgs y prayg`tas= lgtgrdkhnhtgs ysustghtnlargs nc dadghta lg lghkr cn ca`nckzn`kðh hnc lgc prayg`ta. ?66;



2?66666 H - ?>7766 G 2>;9666 H - ?>9976 G] T/

6?; 606

Bkstðrk`ndghtg cn zahn bn skla

lgstkhnln nc vgrtkla lg cas rgskluas

lg cn kulnl= gc cuinr gstî ladkhnla

par uhn pcnhk`kg ralgnln lg nctns

gstrkon`kahgs gh su dnrigh lgrg`bn,

gxtghskahgs lgc hgvnla @bn`bnhk,

y lg uhn praeuhln qugornln gh su

nhà kzqukgrla.

Gstn pgqugþn dgsgtn n sg gcgvn n

su vgz n uhas 7 dgtras par saorg gc

hkvgc lg cn nrrgtgrn= gsàhlkghla,trns nciuhns ahlucn`kahgs, cas

lgpðsktas lg lgspgrlk`kas lg dîs lg

?7 nþas lg nhtkióglnl.

Gc tgrrgha bn skla lgskihnla par cn

Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc pnrn usas

lg Pnhgndkghta dglknhtg Nùgrla

Duhk`kpnc Hº ?5-?666, khs`rktn gh

`bn Hº <607;5 lgc rgikstra lg cn

Vrapkglnl Khdugocg lg cn A`khn

_gikstrnc _gikahnc lg Nrgqukpn.

Cn zahk`n`kðh arrgspahlg n:

_GCCGHA PNHK\N_KA ‐ PG@\A_

HA_\G (WG-@) (@arta Vcnza)

y ZAHN LG \_N\NDKGH\AGPVG@KNC (Z\G-C) (Cnria Vcnza)

ghdnr`nla lghtra lgc Vcnh Lkrg`tar

lg Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn npraonla

dglknhtg Arlghnhzn Duhk`kpnc Hº >56

lgc nþa ?66?.

- Lkstrkta : [urn

- Vravkh`kn : Nrgqukpn

- Lgpnrtndghta : Nrgqukpn

- Vnäs : Vgrú

- Nctktul : ?706 d.s.h.d.

Eki.65 Vcnhas lg _gegrgh`kn Icaonc/Vnäs/ _gikðh/Vravkh`kn/Lktrkta. ?66;

Gh cn gsqukhn Haragstg lgc tërdkha

Duhk`kpnc lg cn kulnl lg Nrgqukpn,

lahlg cn tapairneän aerg`g uhn lg

sus atns dîs nctn, sg ghùghtrn gc

Oatnlgra –Cn Vns`nhn—.

_udoa nc pugoca trnlk`kahnc lg

[urn n cn ncturn lgc Mkcðdgtra ?6

lg cn `nrrgtgrn Nrgqukpn - [urn

(Uän 06 - 06O), trns uh ahlucnhtg y

skhuasa ahjuhta lg urvns, sg norg

n cn vksunc uhn pgqugþn pcnhk`kg=îrkln y lgirnlnln , oarlgnln par

cn hn`kghtg lg cn ugornln Oughn

Ukstn y par uh trnda lg cn ugornln

Bahln, y krùhlnln par gcgvn`kahgs

pgrtghg`kghtgs nc @grra @artnlgrns.

2. Gdpcnzndkghta & cädktgs lgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh

lntas nlk kahncgs

ûgornln Bahln [urn Nrgqukpnsktka lkstrkta pravkh`kn rgikðh pnäs icaonc

Nrgqukpn Vgrú Cntkhandërk n



60> 60?



60<

Eki.69 Pmyckhg - cädktgs nc HA_\G. ?66;

Eki.62 Pmyckhg - cädktgs nc PW_. ?66;

HA_\G

PW_



607

Eki.6; Pmyckhg - cädktgs nc GP\G. ?66;

Eki.>6 Pmyckhg - cädktgs nc AGP\G. ?66;

AGP\G

GP\G



602609

Cas gs`ghnrkas rgprgsghtnh lkegrghtgs kdîighgs lgc eutura (Euturkocgs).@ahstrukr gstns kdîighgs has nyuln n àdprghlgr ðda cns lg`kskahgs ycns n``kahgs qug bay tadndas puglgh khukr gh hugstra eutura.

Cn ahstru``kðh lg gs`ghnrkas pgrdktg rglu`kr rkgsias g kh`grtkludorgsgh cn pugstn gh dnr`bn lgc prayg`ta parqug sg cairnh klghtk`nr cas

en`targs cnvg y saorg gccas kdpcgdghtnr gstrntgikns geg`tkvns.

± Varquë cas gs`ghnrkas gstrntëik as 1

Whn pcnhk`n`kðh gstrntëik`n lgog tadnr gh ughtn du`bas en`targs lg cas

kdprgvksta qug lgog sgr ahsklgrnla. Pkh gdornia, aovkndghtg ha tala gstntnh prgvkskocg a lgtgrdkhnla ada cgs iustnrän n cas nldkhkstrnlargs uron-has, n cas pcnhk`nlargs y lksgþnlargs.

Var gsa, cn nrtkùcn`kðh lg gs`ghnrkas pgrdktg cn earducn`kðh lg unlras lgs-`rkptkvas qug puglgh kcustrnr uh lgsnrracca bkpatëtkà, uhn sgrkg lg nctgrhntk-vns a –gs`ghnrkas— lg lkegrghtgs ap`kahgs lg lgsnrracca.

Cns lkegrghtgs vnrknocgs a nspg`tas lgdugstrnh uhn irnh `nhtklnl lg paskokck-lnlgs u ap`kahgs. Pkh gdonria, gc rgta gs n`gr`nrsg ca dîs paskocg n gs`ghn-rkas praonocgs.

gs`ghnrkatghlgh knc (skh prapugstns)

gs`ghnrka

nctgrhntkva(ca dîs lgsgnla)

gs`ghnrkaàh`grtnla (praonocg)

>7 U. @npätuca UKK - Lkhîdk`n @ah-tgxtunc. Gc `npätuca lgsnrraccn ghsu tatncklnl gc gs`ghnrka n`tuncàh rgspg`ta n cn sktun`kðh lg cas__WW lg Nrgqukpn y lgc cuinr lgkhtgrvgh`kðh.

>5 U. @npätuca KR - Vrapugstn. _gë -rnsg n cas ùnlras lg `ncùcas tgh-lg`kncgs lg pralu``kðh lg __WWhg`gsnrkas pnrn cn ighgrn`kðh lg cnprairndn`kðh ùnhtktntkvn.

>9 U. @npätuca UKKK - KR - Gc gs`ghnrkanctgrhntkva (gc dîs lgsgnla)sg gxpck`n lgtnccnlndghtggh gc Vrayg`ta uronha &nrquktg`tðhkà.

;. Gs`ghnrkas lg cn

praspg`tkvn gstrntëik`n

( )gs`ghnrka n tunc>7 8 gs`ghnrka tghlgh knc >5 8 gs`ghnrka praonocg 8 gs`ghnrka lgsgnla>9



6<7 6<5



6<7 6<5

Pk khtghtndas lghkr gc skihk`nla lg

_gsklua Wronha, has ghàhtrndas nhtg

cn lkùctnl lg ah`rgtnr gh pa`ns pncn-

orns, uh àh`gpta dîs a dghas prg`ksa,

gh euh`kðh lgc ndpa a acg`tkva gh gc

ùnc has sktugdas. Var tnhta ahsklgrn-

das qug ha gxkstg uhn gxn`tn y àh`rgtn

lghk`kðh lg ca qug sg ghtkghlg par–rgsklua uronha—.

Gstn lkùctnl sg dnhkgstn gh cn

lkspgrskðh lg lghk`kahgs lgc ah`gpta

_GPKLWA, ah lkegrghtgs skihk`nlas

sgiúh gc pnäs y dîs ah`rgtndghtg cn

cgikscn`kðh gh dntgrkn.

Gc usa lg _GPKLWAP W_ONHAP vs.

_GPKLWAP PÐCKLAP W_ONHAP

kcustrn cnrndghtg uh dnhgja grrðhga y

vnrknla lg cn tgrdkhacaiän gh ùgstkðh,

yn qug par cn dksdn adpask`kðh eäskà

quädk`n gs kdpaskocg palgr lkegrgh`knr

_gskluas cäquklas, sðcklas y insgasas lg

uhn dnhgrn tnh ourln y skdpckstn, yn quggs okgh snokla qug lg uh _Pn sg puglgh

aotghgr gstas trgs gstnlas dntgrkncgs.

Ca cnsk`n`kðh të`hk`ndghtg arrg`tn n

hkvgc duhlknc rgàdkghln gc usa lgc tër -

dkha _GPKLWAP W_ONHAP par gstnr

àdpugstas lg dntgrkns sðcklns, cäquklns

y insgasns, qug sg lkstkhiugh gheîtk`n-

dghtg lg cns NIWNP _GPKLWNCGP,

sustnh`kns pravghkghtgs lgc nc`nhtnrkccn-

la qug tndokëh sah npn`gs lg pasggrdntgrkns sðcklns, cäquklns y insgasns gh

suspghskðh, pgra uyn lkegrgh`kn rnlk`n

gh cn eardn lg rgàcg``kðh y ha gh su

àdpask`kðh eäsk`n.

N`tuncdghtg, cn lghk`kðh dîs abg-

rghtg lg _GPKLWA, palrän ghuh`knrsg

àda:

– @uncqukgr sustnh`kn u aojgta

lgc ùnc su pasgglar sg

lgsprghln a tghin cn aockin`kðh

lg lgsprghlgrsg —. >; Pkh gdonria, gh gc Vgrú, cn Cgy Ighgrnclg _gskluas Pðcklas gh gc Nrtäùca ><

lghg n cas rgskluas sðcklas ada:

skgdprg sg bn rgcn`kahnla nc ahtgxta

lg kulnl, uyas cädktgs igairîàs

bnh glkla, nsk lg rgpghtg, nhtg cns

hugvns gs`ncns lg gspn`ka uronha-

tgrrktarknc y uronha-rurnc, gh gc qug

kh`cusa nqugcca qug ccndîondas

pgrkegrkn a gspn`ka rurnc yn ha puglg

sgr ah`gokla gh euh`kðh n cas ckdktgslg cn kulnl, skha dîs okgh ada uhn

àhlk`kðh gx`ëhtrk`n, pnrtg tndokëh

lgc pra`gsa lg ighgrn`kðh lg rgsk-

luas.

Var tnc datkva, ighërk`ndghtg sg

àhsklgrnrîh ada _GPKLWAP

W_ONHAP:

– Nqugccas _gskluas qug pralu`gh y

ighgrnh cas bnoktnhtgs lg uh lgtgr -

dkhnla àhtgxta tgrrktarknc uronha-

rurnc, ha saca àda rgsklua prapka,

skha tndokëh, àda àhsgùgh`kn lgcns n`tkvklnlgs lgc dksda cuinr y lg

cns rgcn`kahgs àh atras cuinrgs — ?6

– Nqugccns sustnh`kns, pralu`tas a

suo-pralu`tas gh gstnla sðckla a

sgdksðckla lg cas qug su ighgrnlar

lkspahg, a gstî aockinla n lkspahgr,

gh vkrtul lg ca gstnocg`kla gh cn har -

dntkvklnl hn`kahnc a lg cas rkgsias

qug nusnh n cn sncul y gc ndokghtg,

pnrn sgr dnhgjnlas n trnvës lg uhskstgdn khtgirnc lg igstkðh lg __PP.

Hðtgsg `cnrndghtg gc usa lg tgrdkha-

caiän y ah`gp`kðh grrðhgn nc lghkr

àda rgskluas úhk`ndghtg n nqugccas

qug sg prgsghtnh gh gstnla sðckla y

sgdksðckla, lgjnhla eugrn lg nc`nh`g

n tala suopralu`ta pravghkghtg lg

cn trnhseardn`kðh y oka-lgirnln`kðh

lg cas arkikhnrkas tnc y ada cäquklas

ckxkvknlas y insgs lg oatnlgra, qug

lghtra lg uh gheaqug khtgirnc lg igs-

tkðh lg rgskluas lgogränh sgr tadnlas

gh ughtn kh`cusa lgslg su ah`gp-

`kðh ah`gptunc.

Lg kiunc eardn gc tërdkha W_ONHA

>; \rnhs`. EAH\NHG\ P, C. & VA-UGLN I, V. –Igstkðh lg _gskluasWronhas - Dnhunc \ë`hkà y lg_ëikdgh Jurälkà— Gxckorks (Gl).Gspnþn. >;;; - pp.9>.

?6 Nlnpt. EAH\NHG\ P, C. & VAUGLNI, V.Ap.`kt. pp. 9?.

?> Nlnpt. NNUU. –Lk``kahnrka Dgtîpacks

lg Nrquktg`turn Nvnhznln - @kulnl ytg`hacaiän gh cn sa`kglnl lg cn Khear-dn`kðh—. N`tnr (Gl.) Gspnþn. ?66<.

Gc usa lgc tërdkha W_ONHA yn ha

bnorî lg rgegrkrsg gx`cuskvndghtg

n uhn lgckdktn`kðh eäsk`n ghtrg ca

lghsndghtg ahstrukla y cas prglkas

rurncgs, skha dîs okgh bnrî rgegrgh`kn

n cn adpcgjklnl lg cas pra`gsas y

lkhîdk`ns qug cns paocn`kahgs budn-

hns lgtgrdkhnh gh cn gvacu`kðh lg cn pralu``kðh lg _gskluas.

Var gsa, cn onsurn qug ighgrndas

sgn n hkvgc khlkvklunc a acg`tkva, gs

uha lg cas khlk`nlargs lg hkvgc dîs

nocgs pnrn cas sa`kðcaias. Valgdas

gcnoarnr ah gccns bkstarkns, tghlgh-

`kns, gstrntas, gt`. Bny nspg`tas havg -

lasas qug rgsnctnr. Var uhn pnrtg, bn

`ndoknla cn prgaùpn`kðh par snogr

quë bn`gr ah cn onsurn n snogr ðda

ha ighgrnrcn (gh pnrncgca nc ndoka

pralu`kla ghtrg `ðda ighgrnr ghgriän

y ðda ha dncinstnrcn). Gcca bn ah-

trkoukla n ghtghlgr cn klgn lg onsurn argsklua ada uh ah`gpta lkhîdkà y

u`tunhtg. ?>

igstkðh khtgirnc lgrgskluas uronhas

KU

>. @ah`gptas ighgrncgs

6<26<9



6<26<9

@lr.69 @cnske`n`kðh Ighgrnc lg_gskluas.(Vîikhn Apugstn)

Nlnpt. \@BAONHAICAWPI., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N.–Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluasPðcklas— DÌrnw Bkcc (Gl).Gspnþn. >;;<. pp. <9 - <2. tnocn0.>. Eughtgs lg __PP gh cnàduhklnl.

A\_AP LN\AP.- Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

Ukvkghlns nkscnlns, vkvkghln rurnc y ocaqugs lg onjn, dglknhn y nctn lghsk-lnl. Ukv. Whkendkcknr y ductkendkcknr.

\kghlns, rgstnurnhtgs, dgr`nlas, glk-

`kas lg a`khns, batgcgs, insackhgrns,tnccgrgs dg`îhkàs, gt`.

Gsùgcns, îr`gcgs, ghtras iuogrhn-dghtncgs.

Baspktncgs, cähk`ns, pastns, gt`.

@ahstru``kahgs hugvns, cuinrgs lgrgpnrn`kðh/rghavn`kðh lg nrrgtgrns yglk`kas, lgrrkoas lg glk`kas, pnvk-dghtas ratas.

Ckdpkgzn lg nccgs y nc`nhtnrkccnla, pnksnjksda, ckdpkgzn lg ùgh`ns ytarrghtgrns, pnrqugs, pcnzns y zahnslg rg`rga.

Ckxkvknlas, calas n`tkvas, niuns rgsk-luncgs lg pra`gsa.

@ahstru``kðh, enork`n`kðh ckigrn y pgsnln, `ndncgs, rghgräns, pcnhtnsquädk`ns, euhlk`kahgs, dkhgrän, gh-trncgs tërdk`ns, kdprghtns, gt`.

@asg`bns lg ndpa, îroacgs erutncgs,vkþglas, inhnlgrän, irnhjns y atras.

\.N.

\.N.

\.N.

\.N.

\.N.

Ladëstk n

@adgr knc

Khstktu kahnc

Baspktncnrka

@ahstru` kðh & lgdack kðh

Pgrvkvkas duhk kpncgs(gx cuyghla K\_)

K\_ & Vcnhtns Kh khgrnlarns

Khlustrknc

Nirä acn

Onjn pgckirasklnl

_gskluas Gspg kncgs

Nctn & Gxtrgdn Vgckirasklnl

Ariîhk as (N tkvas) Khariîhk as (Khgrtgs)

Gc aha`kdkghta lg cn kheardn`kðh saorg cas aräighgs, cn adpask`kðh y cns prapkg-

lnlgs lg cas _gskluas Wronhas gs rätkà pnrn cn pcnhk`n`kðh y cn kdpcnhtn`kðh lg

prairndns g`n`gs lg rglu``kðh gh arkigh= prairndns lg sgpnrn`kðh gh arkigh y

rg`k`cnjg= lgc lksgþa lg skstgdns lg rgàikln pnrn cas rgskluas ha sgcg``kahnlas y

sgpnrnlas gh arkigh, khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta y trnhseardn`kðh, khstncn`kahgs lg

trnhsegrgh`kn y gqukpa lg trnhspartg, g khstncn`kahgs lg lkspask`kðh hnc.

Vnrn lgsnrraccnr uh prairndn lg igstkðh khtgirnc lg _gskluas, sg lgog dnhgjnr kh-eardn`kðh tndokëh pnrn cns pgqugþns nhtklnlgs lg rgskluas pgckirasas qug puglnh

gstnr dgz`cnlns ah cas rgskluas uronhas. Cas tkpas y nhtklnlgs lg cas adpahghtgs

prgsghtgs, sus prapkglnlgs quädk`ns y cns trnhseardn`kahgs qug gstas àdpahghtgs

puglgh suerkr, lgogh sgr àdprghlklas pnrn nsgsarnr gc kdpn ta lg gstas gh cas gcg-

dghtas euh`kahncgs qug adpahgh gc skstgdn lg igstkðh.

Cas _gskluas Wronhas kh`cuygh talas cas dntgrkncgs qug gc pasgglar yn ha ahsk-

lgrn lg su`kghtg vncar ada pnrn sgr rgtghklas. Cn lkspask`kðh lg gstas dntgrkncgs

rgskluncgs gs cn prgaùpn`kðh euhlndghtnc lg talns cns n`tkvklnlgs ghicaonlns gh cn

igstkðh lg gstas - okgh sgn n hkvgc lg pcnhk`n`kðh ca`nc, rgikahnc a suorgikahnc, a

gstntnc y eglgrnc.

Var gstn rnzðh, gs kdpartnhtg aha`gr tnhta n`gr`n lg cas rgskluas uronhas ada sgn

paskocg= pnrtkghla khk`kncdghtg lg su `cnsk`n`kðh, tkpacaiän, prapkglnlgs y `nrn`tg-

rästk`ns eäsk`ns, quädk`ns y okacðik`ns.

Cn prkdgrn ah`cuskðh qug sg aotkghg, nc gstulknr lgtnccnlndghtg cas __WW, gs cn

irnh vnrknokcklnl qug prgsghtnh, ha sðca gh su adpask`kðh, skha gh su gstn`kahnck-

lnl. Gs lg`kr, cas __WW sah nctndghtg ndoknhtgs, tnhta gh gc nspg`ta ùncktntkva lg

àdpask`kðh, ada gh gc unhtktntkva lg ighgrn`kðh.

Cas __WW sg lkegrgh`knh ahsklgrnocgdghtg sgiúh cas nàhtg`kdkghtas tgdparncgs,

cns lkstkhtns ca`nckzn`kahgs y cns nrn`tgrästk`ns pnrtkùcnrgs lg cas ghtras a n`tkvkln-

lgs lkvgrsns, ighgrnlarns lg _gskluas.

Cn cnsk`n`kðh lg cas rgskluas gh uhn aduhklnl gstîh, gh ighgrnc, rgcn`kahnlas

àh gc usa lg sugca y su ca`nckzn`kðh a eughtg lg ighgrn`kðh, pulkghla prgsghtnrsgdu`bns atrns khhktns vnrknhtgs lg nùgrla nc tkpa lg gstulka qug bn lg rgnckznrsg.

Vnrn lkstkhiukr cns lkegrghtgs –`cnsgs— y –endkckns— lg __WW, bny qug tghgr gh ugh-

tn hg`gsnrkndghtg cas lkegrghtgs tkpas lg kulnlgs y gc tkpa lg paocn`kahgs ighgrnla-

rns.

Gs kdpartnhtg lghtra lg gstg ahtgxta, nlvgrtkr qug, cns lghk`kahgs lg cn tgrdkhaca-

iän y cnsk`n`kahgs vnränh suostnh`kncdghtg gh cn cktgrnturn rgegrghtg nc tgdn y n cn

praegskðh y hgs lg cn khvgstkin`kðh. @ahsg ughtgdghtg, cn utkckzn`kðh lg cas lntas

puock`nlas rgqugrkrî uh ahsklgrnocg ùklnla, juk`ka y sghtkla àdúh. Lg nbä qug gh

cns skiukghtgs eardns lg cnsk`n`kðh, nlnptnlns par gc nutar, sg prgtghlg qug skrvn

àda iuän y ha qug sgnh prg`ksns gh uh sghtkla lg rkiar kghtäà, tnc y ada sg bn

sustghtnla gh cas pîrrneas prgvkas.

?. Cas rgskluas uronhas & su `cnske`n`kðh

Pgiúh cn eughtg ighgrnlarn

Pgiúh su hkvgc lg pgckirasklnl

Pgiúh su àdpask`kðh okacðik`n



67> 67?



67> 67?

Pah ahsklgrnlas n`gktgs, nqugccas cäquklas irnsas lg arkigh ariîhkà khsacuocgs gh

gc niun y qug tkghgh dghar lghsklnl qug ëstn. Cas _gskluas lgrkvnlas lg n`gktgs

usnlas ndgrktnh uh dnhgja gspg`knc lg nùgrla n su arkigh y pra`glgh`kn.

Du`bns vg`gs gstas ha sah arrg`tndghtg rgàcg`tnlas, skghla vn`knlas lkrg`tndgh-

tg nc nc`nhtnrkccnla ahtndkhnhla cns niuns rgskluncgs, supgr`kncgs y suotgrrîhgns.

Cas n`gktgs nc sgr dgz`cnlas a lgpasktnlas gh ahtghglargs ah atras rgskluasa`nskahnh cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg atras dntgrkncgs, lgprg`knhla su vncar g kdpklkghla

su rg`k`cnjg.

_GPKLWAP lg N@GK\GP DKHG_NCGP (Cuork`nhtgs)

Nqugccas ighgrnlas trns gc usa lg n`gktgs cuork`nhtgs aotghklas par rghn`kðh lgc pg-

trðcga y qug bnh skla usnlas ndpckndghtg gh cn khlustrkn dgtncdg`îhk`n, nutadatrkz,

ngrahîutk`n y atras. Gstas n`gktgs sg lgstn`nh par su vksàsklnl, y par bnogr suerkla

àhlk`kahgs tërdk`ns y dg`îhk`ns lurnhtg cn ùncgs sg nrinrah lg dgtncgs, pacvas,

rgskluas lg adoustkðh y/a sg axklnrah.

_GPKLWAP lg N@GK\GP @ADGP\KOCGP (@a`khn)

Nqugccas n`gktgs lg arkigh nhkdnc a vgigtnc qug bnynh skla sadgtklas n pra`gsas

lg a``kðh y/a erkturns y qug gh su àdpask`kðh ahtkghgh dntgrkns ariîhk`ns gh

suspghskðh (àdkln) y/a atras.

Wh î`kla gs ahsklgrnla uh adpugsta quädkà qug tkghg npn`klnlgs arraskvns, lg

rgn`tkvklnl y taxk`klnl qug puglg gstnr prgsghtg gh adokhn`kðh ah atras adpugs-

tas a ada uh gcgdghta pura. Du`bas î`klas sah utkckznlas gh n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkn-

cgs y dkhgrns, y cas rgskluas pralu`klns par lk`bns n`tkvklnlgs lgogrîh sgr dnhgjn-

las àh gxtrgda ùklnla nlgdîs lg sgr trntnlas gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs.

GJGDVCAP LG Î@KLAP @AHA@KLAP

`carbälrkà (B@c) uarasuceúrkà eðrdkà

oradbälrkà (BOr) easeðrkà (B0VA<) `rðdkà (B?@rA<)

yalbälrkà (BK) n`ëtkà cî`tkà

bkpa`carasa hätrkà (BHA0) pgryðlkà

`cðrkà uaranhtkdðhkà tnrtîrkà

pgr`cðrkà uaraoðrkà ns`ðrokà

Gh ahtrnpask`kðh cns onsgs sah gcgdghtas apugstas n cas î`klas, pgra qug tndokëh

lgogrîh sgr dnhgjnlas ah nutgcn lgokla n su taxk`klnl (nciuhas vghghas g krrktnh

cn pkgc) y su rgn`tkvklnl ah atras adpugstas (hgutrnckzn`kðh lg î`klas). Cns onsgs

gstîh ergùghtgdghtg prgsghtgs gh nrtäùcas lg ckdpkgzn y nsgpskn, par ca qug su

grrðhgn lkspask`kðh pnrn su rgàcg``kðh du`bns vg`gs a`nskahn cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg

cns niuns lg nc`nhtnrkccnla y/a lg atras pralu`tas pnrn rg`k`cnjg.

GJGDVCAP LG ONPGP @ADWHGP

Pasn îustk`n (HnAB) Nhtkî`klas gh ighgrnc Ndahänà (HB0)

Cg`bg lg dnihgskn (Di(AB)?)Gc `cara +bkpa`carkta lg salka

Jnoðhgs &lgtgrightgs

Gs uh dgtnc ckigra lg onjn lghsklnl, rgskstghtg n cn arraskðh, n cas pralu`tas quädk-

às, n cn khtgdpgrkg y nc niun lg dnr. Dntgrknc eî`kc y onrnta lg rg`k`cnr.

W\KCKZN@KÐH _GPKLWAP IGHG_NLAP

N c u d k h k a d g t î c k ` a

\rnhspartgDntgrknc gstru`turnc gh nvkahgs, nutadðvkcgs, tnhqugs, supgr -gstru`turns lg ouqugs y ok`k`cgtns.

G st ru` tur ns par tnh tgs G lk n kah gs

Gdoncnjg lg n ckdghtas Vnpgc lg n cudkhka, cntns, tgt rnorkms

@nrpkhtgrän dgtîc k n Vugrtns, vghtnhns, k grrgs, nrdnrkas, gt .

Okghgs lg usa ladëstk a Wtghskckas lg a khn, bgrrndkghtns, gt .

_ g kp kghtgs rkaiëhk a s _g kp kghtgs rkaiëhk a s

@nclgrgrän@nclgrns y àhtglglargs Khlustrkncgs, pazas lg dnlurn`kðhkhlustrknc.

@ a d p u g s t a s h a d g t î c k ` a s

Ðxkla lg ncudkhka (ncúdkhn) Jaygrän y gh cas gdksargs lg rnyas cîsgr

Bncuras lg ncudkhka Vkhturns y `nu`ba skhtët k a nsä ada gh gc rgha lg pgtrðcga.

Ncudkhaskck`ntasEardnh pnrtg lg cns nr`kccns y sah cn onsg lg du`bns grîdk-`ns y vklrkas.

Bklrðxkla lg ncudkhkaNhtkî`kla, trntndkghta lg niuns, pralu``kðh lg `grîdk`n yvklrka g kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh lg tgjklas.

Pucenta lg ncudkhka\rntndkghta lg niuns, pralu``kðh lg pnpgc, nlktkva nckdgh-tnrka y gh gc ùrtkla lgc ùgra.

Pnc gs lg n cu dk hk a G h du bn s v n uh ns , ada n ly uv nh tg .

Cns ontgräns, sg prgsghtnh gh uhn khhklnl lg tkpas y gs hg`gsnrkn cn lkstkh`kðh ghtrg

nqugccns qug sah utkckznlns gh nrtgen`tas lg dglknha y pgqugþa vacudgh tncgs ada

`gcucnrgs, vklgajugias, rgcajgs, rnlkas, gt`. lg nqugccns utkckznlns gh nutadðvkcgs,

dglkas lg trnhspartg pgsnla y ontgräns lg irnh patgh`kn, usuncdghtg utkckznlns gh

irnhlgs adpcgjas khlustrkncgs, adgr`kncgs y/a gh irnhlgs dnqukhnräns.

@ada sg bn vksta, cns ontgräns ahtkghgh dgtncgs pgsnlas y àdpugstas quädkàs,

tncgs ada nc`nckhas, dgrùrka, pcada, pcntn, zkh`, häqugc, nldka, aorg, gt`. talas

gccas pgrjulk`kncgs pnrn gc dglka ndokghtg.

Whn grrðhgn lkspask`kðh hnc puglg nusnr cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg niuns suotgrrîhgns

y supgr`kncgs, tndokëh ahtndkhnh supgr`kgs tgrrgstrg, lgtghkghla gc rg`kdkghtalg arinhksdas vkvkghtgs (pcnhtns y nhkdncgs), nsä ada gdkskahgs nërgns. Nlk`kahnc-

dghtg cns ontgräns lg nutadðvkcgs ahtkghgh Vcada y î`kla suceúrkà, skghla ndoas

dntgrkncgs nctndghtg pgckirasas y lg gspg`knc uklnla, trnhspartg y trntndkghta.

\KVAP LG ON\G_ÄNP

N u du cn la r l g V ca da O nt gr än lg Vc ada (Vo )Ontgrän Kahgs lg Cktka (Ck-kah)

Ontgrän Nc`nckhnOntgrän lg Hkqugc-@nldka (Hk-@l)

Ontgrän lg pacädgra lg cktka(Ck-pack)

Ontgrän Nc`nckhn lgdnhinhgsa

O. Häqugc-Bklrura dgtîckà(Hk-DB)

Vkcn lg @adoustkocg (dgtnhac y/a bklrðigha)

@ahlghsnlar lg nctn `npn`klnl

n`gktgs ncudkhka

ontgränsî`klas & onsgs

N !

O

@lr.6; Î`klas àha`klas. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

Eughtgs okockairî`ns lg npa-ya pnrn cn gcnoarn`kðh lg cnckstn lg _gskluas uronhas:

- bttp://gs.wkmkpglkn.ari- bttp://www.warlrgegrgh`g.àd/gs/- \@BAONHAICAWP I., \BGKPGH B.

& UKIKC P.N. –Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gsk-luas Pðcklas— DÌrnw Bkcc (Gl). Gspn-þn. >;;<. pp. <9 - <2. tnocn 0.>. Eugh-tgs lg __PP gh cn àduhklnl.

@lr.>> _gskluas Dgtîckàs y @adpugs-tas ha-dgtîckàs lgc Ncudkhka.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

@lr.>? \kpas lg Ontgräns. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

@lr.>6 Onsgs @aduhgs. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?66;.

Nc

670 67<



670 67<

Pg ahsklgrnh gh gstn `ntgiarän pralu`tas adoustkocgs vnrkas tncgs ada nroðh,

cgþns y turons nlgdîs lg pralu`tas lgrkvnlas lg pgtrðcga tncgs ada:?0

LG_KUNLAP LG VG\_ÐCGA

Nsenctas Lkgsgc (L?) a insðcga Orgn y Ncquktrîh

@grns y pnrnhns ûgrasgha @aqug lg pgtrðcga ?0

V acä dg ras & p cîs tk` as I nsa ckh n ( hne tn) A cg h n & atr as pgt raquä dk as

Cas rgskluas lg okaàdoustkocgs uklas sah nqugccas adoustkocgs qug sg aotuvkg-

rah n pnrtkr lg okadnsn, gs lg`kr, lg arinhksdas rg`kghtgdghtg vkvas (àda pcnhtns)

a sus lgsg`bas dgtnoðckàs (àda gstkëràc) y qug cugia lg su utkckzn`kðh sah lgs -

g`bnlas prkh`kpncdghtg par gc sg`tar khlustrknc, adgr`knc g khstktu`kahnc. @ahsklgrn-

rgdas gh gstn ntgiarän, prkh`kpncdghtg ? tkpa lg okaàdoustkocgs:

* G\NHAC : Aotghkla n onsg lg ncàbac (nzú`nrgs)

* OKALKGPGC : Aotghkla lg n`gktgs a irnsns vgigtncgs, nhkdncgs a rg`k`cnlns.

@ahsklgrnlas tndokëh ada nrtäùcas vacudkhasas, qug lgogrîh sgr rgàiklas y

trnhspartnlas khlgpghlkghtgdghtg lg atras rgskluas y trntnlas gh Vcnhtns K\_ gspg-`knckznlns. Dgrg`gh uh lgsdahtnla gspg`knc lgokla n cn irnh ndpcktul lg dntgrkncgs

qug lg gstas sg puglgh rg`k`cnr, skghla lg gspg`knc uklnla, cas erkiaräàs y ah-

igcnlargs yn qug ahtkghgh sustnh`kns ha`kvns a pgckirasns. Cas gcg`traladëstkàs

lgogrîh lg lkegrgh`knrsg lg atras npnrntas yn qug gc gcg`traladëstkà utkckzn uhn

eughtg lg ghgriän pnrn su apgrn`kðh, usuncdghtg cn gcg`trk`klnl.

CÄHGN DN__ÐH

\gcgvksar, _gpralu`tar lg nulka, _gpralu`tar lg välga, @nlghn lg dúsk`n, _gpra-

lu`tar lg LUL, Badg khgdn, @gcucnrgs, gt`.

CÄHGN OCNH@N

Gstuen ladëstk`n, Barha, Cnvnlarn, Cnvnpcntas, _gerkigrnlar / hgvgrn / bgcnlgrn y

àhigcnlar, Nrdnrka oalgin / Nrdnrka ckdntkznla pnrn vkha, @ndpnhn gxtrn`tarn

/ Pg`nlarn lg rapn, @ncghtnlar / Oakcgr, @ncgen`tar, Nkrg nàhlk`kahnla, Oalgin

`ckdntkznln

VG^WGÞNP NVCK@N@KAHGP LG GCG@\_ALADËP\K@AP (VNG)

- DNH\GHKDKGH\A LG CN @NPN

Vcnh`bn, Nspkrnlarn, Custrnlarn, Gstuen, Ughtkcnlar

- V_GVN_N@KÐH NCKDGH\N_KN

Dk`raahlns, Pnhlwk`bgrn, Ckùnlarn, @negtgrn, \astnlarn, Ergklarn, Ontklarn,

Ductkpra`gsnlarn lg nckdghtas.

- BKIKGHG [ OGCCGZN

Lgpkcnlarn, Negktnlarn a dîqukhn, Pg`nlar lg pgca, Daclgnlar, @gpkcca gcë`trkà.

Gc nrtðh gs uh dntgrknc eardnla par vnrkns npns lg pnpgc supgrpugstns, n onsg lg

orn vkrigh a lg pnpgc rg`k`cnla. Gc nrtðh gs dîs irugsa, lura y rgskstghtg qug gc

pnpgc.

\KVAP LG @N_\ÐH

* @nrtðh sðckla ocnhqugnla a `nrtuckhns (POP) Pg utkckzn pnrn ghvnsg lg cn khlustrkn asdëtk`n,enrdn`ëutk`n y atras ghvnsgs lg cuja.

* @nrtðh sðckla ha ocnhqugnla (PWP) Dîs rgskstghtg qug gc nhtgrkar, sg utkckzn pnrn gdoncnjgs lg

ogoklns (nirupn`kahgs lg oatgccns y cntns).

* @nrtðh eaclkhi (I@) Pg utkckzn gh ghvnsgs lg nckdghtas ahigcnlas y rgerkigrnlas, lg luc`gs y

atras

* @nrtðh lg orns rg`k`cnlns (IL) y (I\) Pg enork`n ah orns rgùpgrnlns. Pg utkckzn pnrn ca s

ghvnsgs lg grgncgs, juiugtgs, znpntas, gt`.

@ahsklgrnlas uh rgsklua gspg`knc lgokla n cn irnh vnrkglnl lg dntgrkncgs qug caàheardnh lgslg pcîstkàs, pack`nroahnta lg pcîstkà, ncudkhka, cn`ns, ara, pcntn y

ncgn`kahgs lg cns dksdns, tkhtns lg kdprgskðh ghtrg atras. Cn sgpnrn`kðh lg gstas

dntgrkncgs sg bn`g n trnvës lg pra`gsas khlustrkncgs gspg`knckznlas, par tnc datkva

lgogrîh sgr cnsk`nlas y ncdn`ghnlas khlgpghlkghtgdghtg lg atras rgskluas.

Cn ghkzn gs gc pralu`ta lg cn adoustkðh lg nciúh dntgrknc, tnc ada dnlgrn,

`nroðh, aqug y atras rgskluas adoustkocgs, pulkghla pravghkr lg kh`khgrnlargs lg

rg`khtas baspktncnrkas a lg Vcnhtns Kh`khgrnlarns Duhk`kpncgs y/a prkvnlns. @nrn`tg-

rkznlas par cn hurn lg su dareacaiän y par sgr pucvgrucghtas ??.

Cns gsàrkns sah uh suopralu`ta lg euhlk`kðh gh gc pra`gsa lg purk`n`kðh lgdgtncgs. Pg puglgh ahsklgrnr ada uhn dgz`cn lg ðxklas dgtîckàs= skh gdonria,

puglgh àhtghgr suceuras lg dgtnc y îtadas lg dgtnc gh eardn lg gcgdghta.

Cas pra`gsas lg euhlk`kðh egrrasas y ha egrrasas pralu`gh lkstkhtns gsàrkns.

Cn gsàrkn tkghg du`bas usas àdgr`kncgs y rnrndghtg sg lgsg`bn. N dghula sg

vugcvg n pra`gsnr pnrn sgpnrnr nciúh atra dgtnc qug ahtghin. Cas rgstas lg gstn

rgùpgrn`kðh sg puglgh utkckznr ada oncnsta pnrn gc egrra`nrrkc y ada egrtkckznhtg.

Pg bn utkckznla ada dgtnc pnrn pnvkdghtn`kðh y ada uhn eardn onrntn y lurnlgrn

lg eartncg`gr cns pnrglgs kh`ckhnlns lg cas radpgacns pnrn erghnr gc davkdkghta lg

cns acns.

@

G

`nrtðh

@L‛s / LUL‛s / Uklgas

`ghkzns & gsàrkns

@lr.>0 \kpas lg `nrtðh. Gcnoarn`kðh

Vrapkn. ?6>6.

@lr.>< Lgrkvnlas lg pgtrðcga.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

?0 Vralu`ta sðckla, duy `nrinla lg`nroaha, àcar ghtrg pnrla asùray irks hgira y gstru`turn `gcucnr airnhucnr (skrvg pnrn cn enork`n`kðhlg gcg`tralas lg irnta nrtk`knc,

nornskvas, pkidghtas, y adaàdoustkocg).

?? pucvgrucghta, tn.(Lgc cnt. pucvgrucghtus).

>. nlj. Gh gstnla lg pacva.Pustnh`kn pucvgrucghtn.?. nlj. p. us. pacvarkghta, lgskhtg-irnla, dackla, dn`bn`nlaEughtg. Lk``kahnrka lg cn _gnc

N`nlgdkn Gspnþacn. ?6>6.

àdoustkocgs & lgrkvnlas lg pgtrðcga

gcg`traladëstkàs

677 675



>> EKO_N LG @N_OAHA

@adpugsta ha dgtîckà lg tkpa packdërkà, khtgirnla par uhn ensg lkspgrsnhtg,

hardncdghtg nciuhn rgskhn - y uhn ensg lkspgrsn - uh rgeugrza bg`ba lg orns, gh

gstg nsa, lg nroaha y uyn dntgrkn prkdn gs gc packn`rkcahktrkca.

>6 NPOGP\AP [/A NDKNH\AP

Gc nsogsta, tndokëh ccndnla ndknhta?<

, gs uh irupa lg dkhgrncgs dgtndðràsorasas. Pg bn lgtgrdkhnla par cas arinhksdas dëlkàs khtgrhn`kahncgs qug cas

pralu`tas rgcn`kahnlas àh gc nsogsta/ndknhta prava`nh `îh`gr àh uhn gcgvnln

dartncklnl y par gcca, lgslg bn`g lë`nlns, sg bn prabkokla su usa gh talas cas pnä-

sgs lgsnrraccnlas, nuhqug sg ahtkhún utkckznhla gh nciuhas pnäsgs gh väns lg

lgsnrracca. Gc nsogsta sg bn usnla pnrn uhn irnh vnrkglnl lg pralu`tas dnhuen -

turnlas, prkh`kpncdghtg gh dntgrkncgs lg ahstru``kðh (tgjns pnrn rgùorkdkghta

lg tgjnlas, onclasns y nzucgjas, pralu`tas lg pnpgc y pralu`tas lg gdghta ah

nsogsta), pralu`tas lg erk``kðh (gdorniug lg nutadðvkcgs, erghas, adpahghtgs lg

cn trnhsdkskðh), dntgrkns tgxtkcgs tgrda-rgskstghtgs, ghvnsgs, pnqugtgrän y rgvgstk-

dkghtas, gqukpas lg pratg``kðh khlkvklunc, pkhturns, pralu`tas lg vgrdkùcktn a lg

tncà.

>? NLBGPKUAP PKH\Ë\K@AP

Du`bas nlbgskvas skhtëtkàs prgsghtnh uh ncta hkvgc lg taxk`klnl par ca qug lgog -

rîh sgr rgàiklas y trntnlas khlgpghlkghtgdghtg n atras rgskluas gh khstncn`kahgsgspg`kncdghtg nàhlk`kahnlns pnrn tnc tnrgn.

- NLBGPKUAP LADËP\K@AP: @acns Pkhtëtk`ns

- NLBGPKUAP PÐCKLAP: Nlbgskvas tgrdaeuskocgs gh pra`gsas khlustrkncgs,

onrrns lg pgindghta pnrn pnpgc a cas nlbgskvas gh pacva (n onsg lg n gtnta a

eardnclgbäla ghtrg atras).

- NLBGPKUAP CÄ^WKLAP (@acns Ocnh`ns): Nlbgskvas lg tkpa n`räckà, Nlbgskvas

lg knhan`rkcntas, Nlbgskvas gpðxkàs y urgtnhas, Nlbgskvas nhngrðokàs, Nlbg-

skvas lg skckàhn, Nlbgskvas urnlas par cuz uctrnvkacgtn, Nlbgskvas lg nu`ba

skhtëtkà a nu`ba carnla, @acns lg pack-vkhkc-n`gtnta, acns gtkcëhk`ns, acns lg

packurgtnha.

Pg ahsklgrnrî ada rgskluas dkcktnrgs tala pralu`ta, pgrtrg`ba a rgsklua ighgrnla

par cn khlustrkn nsa`knln n cn enork`n kðh lg nrdns y duhk`kahgs nsä àda cas gx`g-

lghtgs ighgrnlas par cas khstktutas nrdnlas. Gh gxpcaskvas sg bnorîh lg ahsklgrnr

tndokëh cas utkckznlas par cn khlustrkn pkratë`hk`n, par cn dkhgrän y n`tkvklnlgs

lahlg sgn hg`gsnrka gc usa lg gstns sustnh`kns.

Gxpcaskvas Vrkdnrkas. Nqugccas qug rgqukgrgh nhtklnlgs ähdns lg ghgriän pnrn

n`tkvnrsg. Pah lg irnh pgckirasklnl y ighgrncdghtg sg utkckznh gidntkznlas (khsgh-

skokckznlas):

\rkyalura lg ndahka, Eucdkhnta lg dgrùrka, Eucdkhnta lg pcntn, Nzkln lg pcada a

hktrura lg pcada, Nzkln lg pcntn, Gstkehnta lg pcada a trkhktrargsar`khnta lg pcada,

Bgxnhktrnta lg dnhktac.

Wsuncdghtg gdpcgnlas ada nkscnhtgs tërdkàs y nrn`tgrkznlas par su parasklnl y

qug ndgrktnh uh dnhgja gspg`knc lgokla n cas adpugstas qug cns aheardnh, par sgr

du`bns vg`gs nr`khðighas y/a tðxkàs. Hudgrasns orns utkckznlns pnrn sustktukr gc

nsogsta, puglgh sgr núh dîs nh`gräighns qug gc nsogsta: sg trntn euhlndghtncdghtg

lg cn orn lg vklrka, cnhns lg ra`n, orns lg grîdk`n rgern`tnrkn y orns lg nrndkln.

> CNHN LG _A@N (Dnhtns, Vnhgcgs räiklas, @aqukccns)

Cnhns dkhgrncgs enork`nlas n pnrtkr lg ra`ns vac`îhk`ns (ra`ns onsîctk`ns)

? CNHN LG UKL_KA (Dnhtns, pnhgcgs nicadgrnlas, aqukccns pnrn tuogräns)

0 UKL_KA GRVNHLKLA Eardnla par vklrka, ighgrncdghtg rg`k`cnla

< VACKGP\K_GHA GRVNHLKLA (GVP) (U. Vcîstkàs)

Vacädgra lgrkvnla lgc pgtrðcga, aha`kla vucinrdghtg ada tg`hapar a tgciapar.

@ada lgrkvnla lgc pgtrðcga, gc packgstkrgha gs uh adpugsta skhtëtkà ha okalgirn-

lnocg uyn pralu``kðh rgsuctn duy àhtndkhnhtg. Nlgdîs, su kh`khgrn`kðh pralu`g

sustnh`kns nctndghtg tðxk`ns y nr`khðighns qug ighgrnh irnvgs praocgdns lg ah-

tndkhn`kðh y sncul. Pkh gdonria, gc dnyar pgckira gs gc qug ighgrn gstg dntgrknc nc

ghtrnr gh ahtn`ta ah cas nckdghtas a ogoklns y cas juiugtgs khenhtkcgs.

7 GPVWDN @GCWCÐPK@N (àdpugstas ariîhkàs)

5 GPVWDN LG VACKW_G\NHA + VACKW_G\NHA \G_DAVCÎP\K@A (\VW)

Gspudns ocnhlns, gspahjns lg onþa y cnvnvnjkccns, cy`rns, rgerkigrnlargs, dugocgs,

pkhturns nkscnhtgs, gt`.

9 GPVWDN GCNP\ADË_K@N

2 EKO_N LG N_NDKLN

Gs uhn norgvkn`kðh lgc tërdkha –nradntk` pacyndklg—, y lgskihn uhn ntgiarän lg

orn skhtëtk`n, qug ahstn lg Mgvcnr y lg \wnrah.

; EKO_N LG UKL_KA (Khicgs: ogricnss)

Gs uh dntgrknc orasa aotghkla nc bn`gr ukr vklrka euhlkla n trnvës lg uhn pkgzn

lg niujgras duy has (gspkhgrgttg). Gs usnln pnrn rgnckznr cas nocgs lg orn ðptk`n

gh cn Enork`n`kðh lg cn _gjkccn lg orn lg vklrka, Onrnhlncgs, Gs`ncgrns Dnrkhns,Vgrcgs Gstru`turncgs, \npns pnrn _gikstras.

>6 _GPKHNP PKH\Ë\K@NP

Cns rgskhn sah sustnh`kns qug suergh uh pra`gsa lg packdgrkzn`kðh a sg`nla lnhla

cuinr n pralu`tas sðcklas skghla gh prkdgr cuinr cäquklns, g.i.: packëstgr, packu-

rgtnha, _gskhn gpaxk`n, N`räckàs, Ukhkcas, Ukhkcëstgr y @adpasktgs. Cns rgskhns

àdpugstns a àdpasktgs sah dntgrkncgs skhtëtkàs qug gstîh adpugstas par da-

cëùcns lg gcgdghtas vnrknlas, dnyardghtg tðxkàs y pgckirasas pnrn cn sncul. Pah

utkckznlns gh cn ngrahîutk`n, enork`n`kðh lg prðtgsks, nstra y asdahîutk`n, khighkg-

rän hnvnc, khighkgrän kvkc, nrtäùcas lg ndpksda & `k`cksda,alahtacaiän, gt`.

gspudns, eorns & nlbgskvas ?< Ha aostnhtg nuhqug papucnrdghtgsg àhsklgrnh skhðhkdas, cn _gnc

N`nlgdkn lkegrgh`kn ghtrg nsogstay ndknhta :

Nsogsta.(Lgc cnt. nsogstas, y gstg lgc ir.ξποηπόαϏ, khàdoustkocg, khgxtkh-iukocg). Dkhgrnc lg àdpask`kðh y`nrn`tgrgs sgdgjnhtgs n cas lgcndknhta, pgra lg orns lurns y

räiklns qug puglgh àdpnrnrsg àhgc `rkstnc bkcnla.

Ndknhta.(Lgc cnt. ndknhtus, y gstg lgc ir.ξγΡξδόαϏ, skh dnh`bn). Dkhgrnc

qug sg prgsghtn gh orns ocnh`ns

y gxkocgs, lg nspg`ta sglasa.

Gs uh skck`nta lg `nc, ncúdkhn ybkgrra, y par sus àhlk`kahgs tkghgnpck`n`kðh pnrn bn`gr àh ëc tgjklaskhàdoustkocgs.

gxpcaskvas y rgskluas dkcktnrgs

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Gxpcaskvas Pgùhlnrkas. _gspahlgh nc irupa dîs hudgrasa, ah ghgriäns lg

n`tkvn`kðh khtgrdglkns nuhqug ha gstrk`tndghtg badaiëhgns. Cns patgh`kns sah duy

nctns, ghàhtrîhlasg gh gc arlgh lg cas IY.

Hktraick`grkhn, \rkhktratacugha a \H\,Î kla pä`rkà a \HV (\rkhktraeghac), Vk`rnta

lg ndahka, \gtrnhktradgtnha, Hktra`gcucasn, @carntktn, Bgxðigha ]_LR @k`cahktn

(trkhktraeghkcdgtkchktrndkhnT, Vghtrktn ]V\, VG\H \gtrnhktrnta lg pghtngrktrktnT, A`tð-igha a BDR (@k`catgtrndgtkcghtgtrnhktrndkhn)

Gxpcaskvas \gr`knrkas. Endäckn àhstktukln `nsk gh uhnhkdklnl par HNEAP (NHEA

gh khicës) (hktrnta lg ndahka/eugcðcga) aha`kln su ghardg khsghskokcklnl.

Pustnh`kns gxpcaskvns dgz`cnlns. Lkhndktns, Vðcvarns, Iadns, Bklraigcgs, Gduc-

skahgs, Onsg trkcktn, Ckinhtgs pcîstkàs, gt`.

Cas enhias & calas n`tkvas sah rgskluas ighgrnlas lghtra lgc pra`gsa okacðikà

lgc trntndkghta lg niuns rgskluncgs. Cas sðcklas prkdnrkas irugsas y cas oka-sðcklas

sgùhlnrkas nùducnlas gh gstg pra`gsa sg lgogh trntnr y lkspahgr lg uhn dnhgrn

sgiurn y g`nz. Gstg dntgrknc n dghula sg ahtndkhn khnlvgrtklndghtg ah cas ad-

pugstas ariîhkàs g khariîhkàs tðxkàs (par gjgdpca: dgtncgs pgsnlas).

Gc prapðskta lg su trntndkghta gh pcnhtns gspg`knckznlns gs rglu`kr cn nhtklnl lg

dntgrkn ariîhk`n y gc húdgra lg cas dk`raarinhksdas prgsghtgs gh cas sðcklas qug

`nusnh ghegrdglnlgs. Cns ap`kahgs dîs aduhgs lgc trntndkghta kh`cuygh cn lkigs-

tkðh nhngraokn, cn lkigstkðh ngraokn, gc noahndkghta y cn lgpackdgrkzn`kðh tgrdnc.

_gskluas ighgrnlas gh cn enork`n`kðh y past-àhsuda lg vgbäùcas datarkznlas,

`nrra`gräns pkgzns y n``gsarkas lg vgbäùcas, dnqukhnrkns, nvkahgs, onràs, data`k-

`cgtns y ok`k`cgtns ghtrg atras.

Lgokla n cn ndpckn vnrkglnl lg dntgrkncgs qug cns adpahgh, ndgrktnh uh trntndkgh-

ta gspg`knc uhn vgz lgsg`bnlns, lghtra lg cns uncgs iurnh:

Cîdpnrn lg n`gtkcgha, Cîdpnrn lg ins, Cîdpnrn lg nrà, Cîdpnrn lg lgstgccas,

Cîdpnrn lg hgðh, Cîdpnrn lg kh`nhlgs`gh`kn, Cîdpnrn lg cuz hgirn, Cîdpnrn lg

lgs`nrin, Cîdpnrn lg sgiurklnl, Cîdpnrns uargs`ghtgs, Ckhtgrhns, Cîdpnrns lg

vnpar lg dgrùrka (kcudkhn`kðh púock`n), Cîdpnrn adpn`tn uargs`ghtg (@EC),

Cîdpnrn lg vnpar lg salka, Cîdpnrn lg cuz lg dgz`cn (kh`nhlgs`gh`kn + vnpar lg

dgrùrka), Cîdpnrns àh bncaighuras dgtîckàs, gt`.

Gc ckxkvknla gs gc cäqukla pralu`kla unhla gc niun pgràcn n trnvës lg uncqukgr

dntgrknc pgrdgnocg. Vuglg ahtghgr tnhta dntgrkn gh suspghskðh àda lksugctn. Gstg

cäqukla gs dîs adúhdghtg bnccnla y/a nsa`knla n _gccghas snhktnrkas, ada rgsuc-

tnla lg cns ccuvkns pgràcnlns n trnvës lg cas lgsg`bas sðcklas, rgn``kahn ah cas pra -

lu`tas gh lgsàdpask`kðh, quädkàs, y atras àdpugstas. \äpk`ndghtg, gc ckxkvknla

gs nhðxkà, î`kla, rkà gh î`klas ariîhkàs, kahgs sucenta y ah nctns ah`ghtrn`kahgslg kahgs dgtîckàs aduhgs, gspg`kncdghtg bkgrra.

Cas pgckiras lg cas ckxkvknlas, sah lgoklas n nctns ah`ghtrn`kahgs lg ahtndkhnhtgs

ariîhkàs, dk`raarinhksdas pntðighas, suostnh`kns tðxk`ns y hktrðigha ndahkn`nc,

par ca lgogrî aockintarkndghtg sgr rgàikla y trntnla gh pcnhtns gspg`knckznlns pnrn

gvktnr cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg niuns suotgrrîhgns.

Dnlgrns pnrn gdpnqugtndkghta, pncgts, rgstas lg dnlgrn pnrn àhstru``kðh, dnlgrns

lg jnrläh rgsta lg dnlgrns cnqugnlns y/a onrhkznlns, vkrutns, nsgrräh, tnocgras nica-

dgrnlas, ahtrn`bnpnlas, tnocgras lg orns, tnocgras dkxtas, trkpcny, gt`.

Dnqukhnrkns niräàcns, dnqukhnrkns lg ahstru``kðh, dnqukhnrkn tgxtkc, dnquk-

hnrän khlustrknc y dkhgrn lg tala tkpa (rgtrags`nvnlarns, nrinlargs erahtncgs,

`bnh`nlarns,gt`.), dnqukhnrkn lg ghtras baspktncnrkas, dîqukhns dnhuncgs, dî-

qukhns gcë`trk`ns, dîqukhns bklrîuck`ns, dîqukhns tërdk`ns, dîqukhns ratntkvns,

dîqukhns nctgrhntkvns, dîqukhns lg rgn``kðh, dîqukhns lg oadoga datargs, gqukpas

gcë`trkàs, bgrrndkghtns gcë`trk`ns y gqukpa pgsnla, dglknha y ckvknha lg tala tkpa.

Pah dntgrkncgs khariîhkàs ahtndkhnlas ah dntgrkns ariîhk`ns pgckirasns tn-

cgs ada dk`raarinhksdas pntðighas vknocgs a taxkhns lg cas qug sg snogh a sg

saspg`bn pulkgrnh arkikhnr ghegrdglnlgs. Wh húdgra dnyarktnrka lg gstg tkpa lg

dntgrkncgs ca adpahgh cns insns, npðsktas, vghlnjgs, lrghgs, onjn cghiuns, iunhtgs,

sahlns, tanccns bkikëhk`ns, sîonhns - tgxtkcgs ahtndkhnlas a ùncqukgr atra gcgdghta

lgsg`bnocg qug bnyn tghkla ahtn`ta ah gc (cas) pn`kghtg (sgnh nhkdncgs a budn-

has). Eughtgs lg ighgrn`kðh: baspktncnrkns y vgtgrkhnrkns.

Nr`kccns, ygsas, gs`nyacns, nrghn, pacva, nicadgrnhtgs gh gstnla hnturnc, pkglrns

y ns`nja lg tala tndnþa, irnvns, gt`. Nsä dksda lgogrî tadnrsg gh ughtn cas

rgskluas tërrgas ighgrnlas par cn lgdack`kðh, ahstru``kðh, davkdkghta lg tkgrrns y

sugcas lg rgccgha, tkgrrns acargnlns, tkgrrn ah vncar niracðikà, budus y turons. Cns

tkgrrns ahtndkhnlns ah rgskluas quädkàs (î`klas, rgskluas khlustrkncgs, dgtncgs

pgsnlas, gt`. ) y okacðikàs (snhirgs, bg gs, arkhgs, gt`.) lgogrîh sgr `cnsk`nlns

lghtra lgc irupa lg rgskluas pgckirasas.

enhias & calas

khlustrkn lgc trnhspartg

cîdpnrns & uargs`ghtgs

E

C

ckxkvknlas

dnlgrns

dnqukhnrkn

dntgrknc lg ùrn`kðh

D

K

dntgrkncgs tërrgas & pkglrns

67; 656



_GPKLWAP @ADÚHDGH\G @AHPKLG_NLAP

Khsg`tk`klns niräàcns, dntnbardkins, u`nrn`bns y rntns, bgrok`klns ladëstkàs, egr -

tkckznhtgs quädkàs nirapgùnrkas, quädkàs lg eudkin`kðh, khsg`tk`klns pnrn pcnhtns

ladëstk`ns y nirakhlustrkncgs.

KHPG@\K@KLNP @ADÚHDGH\G W\KCKZNLAP

Du`bas khsg`tk`klns utkckznlas sah nctndghtg tðxkàs pnrn cns nogjns, tncgs ada:

N`genta, @carpkrkeðs, Lkdgtanta, Khlaxn`nro, Dgtadkca, Vnrntkðh-dgtkca, Gspkhasnl

@CNPKEK@N@KÐH LG VCNIWK@KLNP

PGIÚH PW N@@KÐH GPVG@ÄEK@N

K hs g tk kl n L gs khe g tn htg y On t gr k kl n _alg htk k ln y vnr kas

N`nrk`kln Bgrok`kln Gspg`äàs past-àsg`bn y skdkghtgs

Euhik`klnsEktarrgiucnlar y

pralu`tas nhgsVratg`targs lg dnlgrns, ornsy lgrkvnlas

PGIÚH PW @AHP\K\W@KÐH WÄDK@N

Nrsghk`ncgs Lgrkvnlas lg udnrkhn Arinhaeasearnlas

@nrondntas Lgrkvnlas lg urgn Arinhadgtîckàs

Lkhktraàdpugstas Arinha`carnlas Vkrgtraklgs

\ka`nrondntas \rknzkhns.

PGIÚH GC GP\NLA LG V_GPGH\N@KÐH A PKP\GDN LG NVCK@N@KÐH

Insgs a insgs ckùnlas. @goas y tnocgtns.

Eudkinhtgs y ngrasacgs. Cäquklas.

Pðcklas, gx`gpta cas `goas y cas prgpnrnlas gheardn lg tnocgtns.

Vacvas àh lkîdgtra lg pnrtäùcn khegrkar n 76·d.

Cas onrhk`gs, rgskhns, sgccnlargs, pkraxkckhns, lg`npnhtgs, pkhturns ah skck`ntas,

pkhturns n cn `nc, pkhturns gsdnctgs, ðcgas, n`räckàs, cîtgx skhtëtkàs y/a n onsg lg

niun cas lksacvghtgs lg pkhturns y hncdghtg tala tkpa lg pralu`ta nsa`knla n cns

pkhturns= sah àhsklgrnlas àda pralu`tas pgckirasas, tðxkàs g khndnocgs, qug

bnorîh lg sgr rgàcg`tnlas y trntnlas gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`knckznlns.

CKP\N LG PACUGH\GP \ÐRK@AP

Ogh`gha \bkhhgr Gtkcogh`gha Ncàbac Dktkckà

\acugha Gstkrgha \rk`caragtkcgha Ncàbac Ksaprapkckà

Rkcgha N`gtahns \gtrn`caragtkcgha Ncàbac Outkckà

Dgtkc N`gtnta Dgtnhac Dgtkc`caraearda Ëtgrgs

Gtkc N`gtnta Gtnhac Lksuceura lg @nroaha Ickàcgs y lgrkvnlas

Outkc N gtnta Ogh`khns Lkdgtkceurdndkln Eardac (Eardnclgbäla),

Î`kla n`ëtkà @gtahns Bgxnhas @k`cabgxnha

Bajncntns, bkgrra, n`gras, euhlk`kahgs, irntas, häqugc, dnhinhgsa.

@aorg, gstnþa, pcada, ncudkhka, orah`g, cntðh, zkh`, rada, hkqugc, wacerndka, a- oncta, tktnhka, dnihgska, `nrhncktn, lacadktn.

Cas tkpas prkh`kpncgs lg pnpgc rgsklunc qug sg rg`k`cnh sah pgrkðlkàs, nrtðh, pnpgc

lg ncta irnla y pnpgc dgz`cnla. @nln uha lg gstas untra irnlas adpahgh n su vgz

irnlas khlkvkluncgs, qug sg lghgh sgiúh gc tkpa lg orn, gc arkigh, cn badaighgk-

lnl, cn kdprgskðh y cns nrn`tgrästk`ns eäsk`ns y quädk`ns.

VNVGC @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP & WPA

Vnpgc lg pgrkðlkà usnla (VVW) Vgrkðlkàs lg qukasàs, nsns, gdprgsns, gt`.

@n rtðh A hluc nla Gd pnq ugt nd kg hta gh or ut a, njn s, gt .

Vnpgc lg nctn `ncklnlVnpgc lg kheardîtk`n, bajns lg `îcùca ocnhà, rgàrtgs, ckoras,rgvkstns, ghvnsgs, pnpgc lg a`khn, gt`.

Vnp gc dg z cn la D gz c n l g p np gc ck dp ka , s u ka , k dp rg sa , ac argn la , g t .

Vnpgc lg gstrnznVnpgc enork`nla prkh`kpncdghtg n pnrtkr lg pnpgc rgùpgrnla(pnpgcatg) skh cnsk`nr.

Vnpgc Mrnet

Vnpgc enork`nla oîsk`ndghtg n pnrtkr lg pnstn quädk`n mrnet(nc sucenta). Vuglg sgr `rula a ocnhqugnla. Cas `rulas sg usnh

pnrn ghvacturns y gdoncnjgs y cas ocnhqugnlas pnrn àhtnokck-lnl, rgikstras, n`tns, laùdghtas a`kncgs, oacsns, gt`.

Vnpgc (`nrtðh) ductk`npnAotghkla par àdokhn`kðh lg vnrkns `npns a onhlns lg pnpgc,qug sg nlbkgrgh par àdprgskðh y skh cn utkckzn`kðh lg nlbgsk -va nciuha.

Vnpgc pgrindkha vgigtnc Vnpgc suc eurkznla vgrlnlgra .

\ala tkpa lg pnpgc qug bnyn skla ahtndkhnla ah uncqukgr tkpa lg sustnh`kn pgck-

irasn, tðxk`n, kheg``kasn, rnlkan`tkvn, quädk`n y okacðik`n. @adpugstas dnyardghtg

lg pnpgc ah snhirg, pnpgc bkikëhkà lg onþa (tndokëh pnþncgs) y pnpgc tksú ghtrg

atras. \ndokëh sg ahsklgrn gc pnpgc ahtndkhnla ah rgskluas irnsas.

Gc usa lg pgstk`klns, euhik`klns y egrtkckznhtgs quädkàs ha hnturncgs rgnh uhn sgrkg

lg praocgdns pnrn gc dglka ndokghtg. Dîs lgc ;2% lg cas khsg`tk`klns eudkinlas

y lgc ;7% lg cas bgrok`klns ccginh n uh lgstkha lkegrghtg lgc ous`nla, kh`cuyghla

gspg`kgs vgigtncgs y nhkdncgs, nkrg, niun, sglkdghtas lg räas y dnrgs y nckdghtas?7. Cas pgstk`klns sah uhn lg cns nusns prkh`kpncgs lg cn ahtndkhn`kðh lgc niun y

`kgrtas pgstk`klns ahtrkouygh n cn ahtndkhn`kðh lgc nkrg.

dgtncgs eërrgas

dgtncgs ha eërrgas

pnpgc

pnpgc okaàhtndkhnla

pgstk`klns, euhik`klns & egrtkckznhtgs

egha

eg

V

@lr.>7 \kpas lg pnpgc, `nrn`tgrästk`ns yusa. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

@lr.>5 Ckstn lg Vcniuk`kln. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

@lr.>9 Ckstn lg Pacvghtgs tðxkàs.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

?7 @arhgcc Whkvgrskty. \axk`kty ae pgs-tk`klgs. Vgstk`klg en`t sbggts nhltutarknc, dalucg <. Vgstk`klg PnegtyGlu`ntkah Vrairnd. _gegrgh`kn lga`tuorg >6, ?669 .

pkhturns & nsa`knlas

65> 65?



Gxkstg uhn irnh vnrkglnl lg pcîstkàs y, pnrn cnsk`nrcas, gxkstg uh skstgdn lg

àlk`n`kðh qug sg dugstrn gh cn \nocn nhtgrkar. Cas pralu`tas ccgvnh uhn dnr`n qug

àhskstg gh gc sädoaca khtgrhn`kahnc lg rg`k`cnla àh gc ðlkia arrgspahlkghtg gh

dglka sgiúh gc dntgrknc gspg`äà.

Nlgdîs lg cas pcîstkàs skhtëtkàs, sg puglgh ghàhtrnr tndokëh cas pcîstkàs

okalgirnlnocgs a GLVs (ghvkrahdghtnccy lgirnlnocg pacydgrs nhl pcnstk s). Cn

enork`n`kðh lg pcîstkàs okalgirnlnocgs n pnrtkr lg dntgrkncgs hnturncgs, gs uha lg

cas irnhlgs rgtas gh lkegrghtgs sg`targs= khlustrkncgs, niräàcns, y lg dntgrkncgs pnrnsgrvk`kas vnrkas. Cas pacädgras okalgirnlnocgs sg puglgh `cnsk`nr lg cn skiukghtg

dnhgrn:

* Vacädgras gxtrnälas a rgdavklas lkrg`tndghtg lg cn okadnsn: Vacksn`îrklas ada

ncdklðh y gcucasn. Vratgähns ada nsgähn, qugrntkhn, y acîigha.

* Vacädgras pralu`klas par sähtgsks quädk`n `cîsk`n utkckznhla dahðdgras okacðik-

às lg eughtgs rghavnocgs.

* Vacädgras pralu`klas par dk`raarinhksdas, on`tgrkns pralu`tarns hntkvns a dalk-

`nlns ighëtk`ndghtg.

Lghtra lg cn úctkdn ntgiarän sg bnccnh cas pcîstkàs okalgirnlnocgs pralu`klas par

on`tgrkns, gh gstg irupa ghàhtrndas n cas VBNs y nc î`kla packcî`tkà (VCN). Cas

VBNs lgokla n su arkigh lg eughtgs rghavnocgs y par gc bg`ba lg sgr okalgirnlnocgs,sg lghadkhnh –pacädgras laocgdghtg vgrlgs—.

V_AOCGDNP _GCN@KAHNLAP @AH GC _G@K@CNJG

N`tuncdghtg cas pcîstkàs sah duy utkckznlas n hkvgc adgr`knc ada ghvnsgs a

ghvacturns, lg sustnh`kns a nrtäùcas nckdghtk`kas cas uncgs sah lgsg`bnlas nc dglka

ndokghtg cugia lg su utkckzn`kðh. @ada gs gvklghtg gc lgsg`ba lg gstas pcîstkàs nc

ndokghtg trng irnvgs ahsgùgh`kns n cns aduhklnlgs. Du`bns lg cns vghtnjns lg

cas pralu`tas pcîstkàs sg ahvkgrtgh gh uhn lgsvghtnjn gh gc dadghta qug lgsg`bn-

das yn sgn gc ghvnsg parqug gs lgs`nrtnocg a okgh unhla tkrndas aojgtas lg pcîstkà

parqug sg bnh rata a nc hnc lg su pgrkala lg usa.

Var sus nrn`tgrästk`ns cas pcîstkàs ighgrnh praocgdns gh cn rgàcg``kðh, trnscnla

y lkspask`kðh hnc. Nlk`kahncdghtg lgog sudnrsg cn irnh `nhtklnl lg pcîstkàs

àhtndkhnlas par cns sustnh`kns qug ahtghänh tncgs ada irnsns, n`gktgs, pkhturns,sacvghtgs, dglk`ndghtas, quädkàs, gt`. qug lgogrîh lg sgr trntnlas khlgpghlkghtg-

dghtg pnrn gvktnr cn lgprg`kn`kðh y cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg atras rgskluas rg`k`cnocgs.

Nhtkàhigcnhtgs, cäquklas lg erghas y trnhsdkskðh, ontgräns lg à`bg (U. Ontgräns),

Gx`glghtgs lg lkgsgc, insackhn y atras àdoustkocgs (U. @adoustkocgs) N`gktgs rgsk-

luncgs (U. n`gktgs), Nlktkvas pnrn nuta, rgerkigrnhtgs, uklas lg `krùkta, khbklklargs

lg arraskðh, onrhk`gs, pkhturns y sacvghtgs pnrn nuta (U. pkhturns), nhtkaxklnhtgs,

gpðxkàs, rgskluas lg saclnlurns, rgdavglargs, lg`npnlargs y skckàhns ghtrg atras.

\KVAP LG VCÎP\K@AP, @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP & WPA

@ÐLKIA \KVA @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP & WPAP

VG\

Vackgtkcgha \grgetncnta(VG\ / >)

Oatgccns lg rgergsàs, ogoklns juias, dnyahgsns yn`gktgs vgigtncgs, pgcäùcns eatairî`ns, tgxtkcgs,

packëstgrgs.

VG-NL

Vackgtkcgha lg nctn lghsklnl (VG-BL / ?)

Ghvnsgs pnrn: lgtgrightgs, cgjän, n`gktgs nutadatar,`bndpú, cî`tgas. Oacsns pnrn supgrdgr`nlas, onznry dghnjg, `njahgs pnrn pgs`nlas, insgasns, `grvgzns,àhtghglargs lg niun, cg`bg y n`gktgs. Ghvnsgs pnrn

pkhturn, bgcnlas. \ndoargs, tuogräns pnrn ins, tgcgea-hän, niun patnocg, dkhgrän, cîdkhns lg lrghnjg y usasnhktnrka, dn`gtns, oacsns tgjklns, iuäns lg `nlghn,

pkgzns dg îhk`ns.\ndokëh sg usn pnrn rgùorkr cniuhns, `nhncgs,easns lg hgutrnckzn`kðh, tnhqugs lg niun, pcnhtns lgtrntndkghta lg niuns, cnias nrtk`kncgs, `nhncahgs lgcîdkhn, gt`.

VU@

Vack`carura lg Ukhkca (VU@ / 0)

_äiklas: ghvnsgs, vghtnhns, tuogräns lg tala tkpaEcgxkocgs: `nocgs, juiugtgs, `ncznlas, pnvkdghtas,rgùorkdkghtas, tg`bas tghsnlas, gt`.

VG-OL

Vackgtkcgha lg onjnlghsklnl (VG-OL / <)

Ghvnsgs lg pgcäùcns pnrn ghvacturns, oacsns pnrn ckd-

pkgzn, oacsns lg tala tkpa: supgrdgr`nlas, oautkqugs, pnhk`n`kðh, àhigcnlas, khlustrkncgs, gt . Vgcäùcns pnrn nira, rgùorkdkghta lg n`gqukns. Ghvnsnlanutadîtkà lg nckdghtas y pralu`tas khlustrkncgs:cg`bg, niun, pcîstkàs, gt`. Ptrgt`b cd, onsg pnrn

pnþncgs lgsg`bnocgs, oacsns pnrn sugra, àhtghglargsbgrdëtkàs ladëstkàs. \uoas y padas: àsdëtkàs,dglk`ndghtas y nckdghtas. \uogräns pnrn rkgia.

VV

Vackprapkcgha (VV / 7)

_g`kpkghtgs bugàs, juiugtgs, pnrn`baqugs lg nuta,àhtghglargs lg nckdghtas (pnrn àhigcnlar & dk`ra -ahlns), `kgrrgs y gtkqugtns, `njns, ghvacturns lg pnhy qugsa, oacsns lg grgncgs, orns, pgrcgs, cîdkhnsy tuoas.

VP

Vackgstkrgha (VP / 5)

@nr`nsns lg tgcgvksargs, kdprgsarns, pugrtns g khtgrka-rgs lg erkiaräàs, dîqukhns lg negktnr lgsg`bnocgs,

juiugtgs. @njns lg @L, pgr`bns, njns pnrn bugvas.Gspudns räiklns a RVP. Ghvnsgs lgsg`bnocgsdglknhtg gxtruskðh-tgrdaeardnla gh ghvnsgs lg

pralu`tas cî`tgas.Vackgstkrgha gxpnhlkla GVP àda nkscnhtg tërdkày n`ústkà y gs ndpckndghtg àha`kla onja lkvgrsnsdnr`ns àdgr`kncgs (Vackgxpnh, \gciapar, Gddglug,gt`.). Pg usn tndokëh gh cn enork`n`kðh lg `bncgàssncvnvklns y nrtäùcas pnrn cas lgpartgs nùîtkàs y`nsàs lg `k`cksda.Vackgstkrgha gxtrukla àda nkscndkghta tërdkà ghsugcas y lg en`bnln.

A\_AP

Ductkcndkhnlas y atras (9)

Ghvnsgs ductkcndkhnlas, oatgccns, oacsns lg pcîstkà okalgirnlnocg y lkvgrsns àdokhn`kahgs lg cas pcîs-tkàs nhtgrkargs.

Cas pcîstkàs gh ighgrnc sah pacädgras enork`nlas n pnrtkr lgc pgtrðcga, lg onjn oka-

lgirnlnokcklnl y gh nciuhas nsas lg ncta rkgsia pnrn cn sncul.

pcîstkàs

>

?

0

<

7

5

9

@lr.>2 \kpas lg pnpgc, nrn`tgrästk`ns yusa. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

pralu`tas lg nutadðvkcgs

650 65<



\ala tkpa lg _gsklua budnha y/a nhkdnc ighgrnla lghtra lg khstncn`kahgs baspk-

tncnrkns y vgtgrkhnrkns, tncgs ada: \gjklas, ðrinhas lgc ugrpa, uklas arparncgs,

okapskns, dugstrns pnrn nhîcksks, gt . qug sg rgdugvgh lurnhtg hg`rapskns, nhîcksks lg

cnoarntarka y kruiäns.

Gstg tkpa lg rgskluas sah ahsklgrnlas lg gxtrgdn pgckirasklnl y lgogrîh sgrncdn`ghnlas y trnhspartnlas gh ahtghglargs gspg`kncgs, nlgdîs lg sgr trntnlas

úhk`ndghtg gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs lg kh`khgrn`kðh.

\ala tkpa lg _gsklua nhkdnc ?5 ighgrnla lghtra lg khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs (in-

hnlgrns, nckdghtas, gt`) y adgr`kncgs (rgstnurnhtgs, onrgs adglargs, gt`) , tncgs

àda: \gjklas, ðrinhas, pnrtgs lgc ugrpa, uklas arparncgs, gt`. qug sg rgdugvgh

a qug sgnh gx`glghtgs ighgrnlas par khlustrkns lg pra`gsndkghta lg nckdghtas,

`ndncgs, gt`.

Nlk`kahncdghtg bnorî lg ahsklgrnrsg cas nhkdncgs ladëstkàs y ha ladgstkàs

dugrtas, qug bnorîh lg hg`gsktnr khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs pnrn su trntndkghta y

lkspask`kðh hnc.

Nqugccas qug lgrkvnh lg cn apgrn`kðh y dnhtghkdkghta lg nccgs, nvghklns y pnr -

qugs lgc khigrgh`kn duhk`kpnc (U. __ lg jnrläh) y qug kh`cuygh onrrglurns lg nccgs,

onsurns lg `nccg, rgskluas lg ùoas duhk`kpncgs, rgàrtgs lg jnrläh, nhkdncgs dugrtas

(U.__ Nhkdncgs) y vgbäùca s nonhlahnl as (U. __ Uacudkhas as - __ Khl. \rnhs-

partg). Du`bns vg`gs gstas rgskluas sah àhsklgrnlas lg arkigh y ighgrn`kðh lkeusn

ha gspg`k`nln lgokla n su vnrknokcklnl gh gc tkgdpa.

_gskluas nhkdncgs y vgigtncgs qug rgsuctnh lgc dnhgja, ncdn`ghndkghta, vghtn,

prgpnrn`kðh, à`khnla y sgrvk`ka lg à`khn. Dnyardghtg ighgrnlas gh gc îdokta

ladëstkà y adgr`knc (rgstnurnhtgs, onrgs, eaal aurt, dncc, gt`).

Vrkh`kpncdghtg adpugstas par vgigtncgs, ns`nrns lg erutns, oarrns lg neë a tg, rgs-tas lg vgrlurns, gt`. Cas rgstas lg nhkdncgs (`nrhgs), a lgrkvnlas lg cg`bg lgogrîh

sgr trntnlas khlgpghlkghtgdghtg (U. __ Nhkdncgs) nc kiunc qug cas rgskluas irnsas y

n`gktgs rgskluncgs àdgstkocgs (U. N`gktgs).

\ala tkpa lg rgsklua ighgrnla n ca cnria lg uncqukgr pra`gsa dkhgra (U. __ dk-

hgras), khlustrknc y/a lg dnhuen`turn y qug rgqukgrgh uh skstgdn lg rgùpgrn`kðh ,

ncdn`ghndkghta y vgrtkla gspg`knc. Du`bas lg gccas puglgh sgr rgùpgrnlas lghtra

lg cns dksdns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs.

Vralu`tas pnrn ahlucn`kðh lg pgca, pralu`tas lg ogccgzn y àsdëtkàs, dnqukccnjgs,

rgdavglargs lg dnqukccnjg, pralu`tas lg pgcuqugrän, bndpús, rgdns, quktngsdnc-

tgs, n`gtahns (U.pkhturns y nsa`knlas), ncàbac nsgra, ndahknà (ahlucn`kahgs),

tncàs, rgnàhlk`kahnlargs pnrn nogccas, pgreudgs, jnoahgs, igc(gs), lgsalarnhtgs

(n/skh prgsurkzn`kðh), nhtktrnhspkrnhtgs y nsa`knlas.

CKP\N LG V_ALW@\AP LG CKDVKGZN VGCKI_APAP

V_ALW@\A N@@KÐH \KVA LG \_N\NDKGH\A

Vacvas Nornskvas@arraskvn Krrktnhtg

Khstncn`kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgckirasas

Ngrasacgs &

LgsalarkznlargsKhndnocg Krrktnhtg


Ckdpknlargs àh ndahknà @arraskvn ]nT Khstncn`kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgckirasas

Cgjän lg `cara @arraskvn ]oT

Krrktnhtg

Khstncn`kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgckirasas,a lkcukr gh pgqugþns `nhtklnlgs

L gs ntns nlar gs @ar ras kv n K hs tn cn k ahgs pnr n _gs kl uas V gcki ras as

Norkccnhtnlargs y skckàhns pnrn dugocgs

Khndnocg Khstncn`kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgckirasas

Ckdpkn`rkstncgs Krrktnhtg Lkcukr gh pgqugþns nhtklnlgs.

Ckdpknbarhas @arraskvn Khstncn`kahgs pnr n _gskluas Vgckirasas

Ogtuhgs Khndnocg Khstncn`kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgckirasas

Norkccnhtnlargs lg dgtncgsKhndnocgKrrktnhtg


Ckdpkn-khalarasKhndnocg@arraskvn


Lgtgrightgs y ckdpknlargslg vnjkccn y pnrglgs

Krrktnh tg Khstn cn kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgc ki rasas

^ ukt nd nh` bn s K h nd noc g K hs tn cn k ahgs pnr n _gs kl uas V gcki ras as

Lgtgrightgs y nlktkvas pnrnrapn

Krrktnh tg Khstn cn kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgc ki rasas

Î`kla DurkîtkàUghghasa

@arraskvnKhstncn`kahgs pnrn _gskluas Vgckirasas

pralu`tas lg ùklnla pgrsahnc

pralu`tas lg ckdpkgzn

@lr.>; Ckstn lg Vralu`tas lg ckdpkgznpgckirasas. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn.?6>6.

?5 Du`bns vg`gs sah `ntncainlastndokëh àda _GPKLWAPA_IÎ_HK@AP.

]nT Huh`n lgog dgz`cnrsg ndahknà ah pralu`tas lg onsg carnln (puglgh pralu`krsg insgs dartncgs)

]oT Huh`n lgog dgz`cnrsg ah ckdpknlar lg khalaras y vk`gvgrsn.

__ nhntadapntacðikàs

__ nhkdncgs

__ `nccgs

__ lg àdkln y pralu`tas nsa`knlas

__ lg pra`gsa

_

657 655



\alas gstas rgskluas lgogh sgr dnhkpucnlas y trntnlas gh eardn nlgùnln lgslg cn

ighgrn`kðh bnstn su lgstkha hnc. Lnln cn lkvgrsklnl lg rgskluas, gccas lgogh sgr

`cnsk`nlas y dnhkpucnlas sgpnrnlndghtg lg dnhgrn nlgùnln gh khstncn`kahgs

gspg`knckznlns.

>. GP\Ë_KCGP

Gstërkc lg dkhn gs tala dntgrknc skh vncar gàhðdkà gxtrnäla pnrn pgrdktkr cn gxpca-

tn`kðh lgc dkhgrnc útkc. Cas gstërkcgs sah lg cas dîs vnrknlas tkpas: cn npn supgr`knclgc sugca, cns ra`ns gh`njnhtgs, gsqukstas, cktns a unr`ktns, nc`îrgas ah lkegrghtgs

tghargs lg nc`ka, dnihgska y säck`g, ghtrg atras dîs. Hardncdghtg gstas __ sah

lgpasktnlas gh gsàdorgrns.

?. LGPG@BAP ^WÄDK@AP

Pah talas cas rgskluas lg cns ighgrnlas gh cns apgrn`kahgs lg trntndkghta lg cas dk-

hgrncgs (pcnhtns lg pra`gsndkghta lg dkhgrncgs, euhlk`kahgs, pcnhtns lg ckxkvkn`kðh,

gt`.) n trnvës lg pra`gsas eäskàs, quädkàs a eäskà-quädkà.

@ada cn dnyarän lg cas pra`gsas sah lg vän búdgln, cas lgsg`bas gh ighgrnc sg prg-

sghtnh gh eardn lg pucpn ah uhn ern``kðh sðckln y uhn ern``kðh nùasn ahtghkghla

uhn ndpckn vnrkglnl lg lkegrghtgs pnrtäùcns quädk`ns y dkhgrncgs gh suspghskðh y/a

kahgs lksugctas. Gh gstn ntgiarän nouhlnh cn prgsgh`kn lg adpugstas î`klns, onsgs,

àrraskvas nlgdîs lg pacvas, ghkzns y cäquklas quädkàs uctrn-tðxkàs (nrsëhkàs,

`radas, pcadas, dgrùrka, knhuras, suceuras,`caruras, gt`.) y gh nciuhas nsas tnd-

okëh sg ghùghtrnh pnskvas rnlkan`tkvas (dkhns lg urnhka).

Niujns Bkpalërdk`ns, tkjgrns, niujns lg suturns, dntgrknc lghtnc, pkpgtns, oksturägs,

dntgrknc lg kruiän, gt`. - Lgogrîh sgr aockintarkndghtg sadgtklns n kh`khgrn`kðh gh

khstncn`kahgs gspg`knckznlns.

Cns Khlustrkns, khstncn`kahgs àdgr`kncgs, ladëstk`ns, khstktu`kahncgs,ghtrg atrns=

skh gx`gp`kðh ighgrnh __ quädkàs lg vnrknocg taxk`klnl y adpcgjklnl lg dnhgja.

Gstn ntgiarän prkh`kpncdghtg sg ghtrn gh cas __ khlustrkncgs y _gcnvgs quädkàs lg

ùrtkgdorgs g khlustrkns nsa`knlns (rkàs gh rada, nctndghtg tðxkà), nsä àda cas

gx`glghtgs quädkàs lg khstncn`kahgs baspktncnrkns, vgtgrkhnrkns y cnoarntarkas.

Gc aha`kdkghta lg cn prgsgh`kn lg __ quädkàs gh cas _W gs lg sudn kdpartnh-

`kn, lgokla n su skihk`ntkvn prgsgh`kn gh lgtgrdkhnla tkpa lg khstncn`kahgs y gh su

pgrskstgh`kn ùnhla sg lgsg`bnh nc dglka ndokghtg.

Cn kh`klgh`kn lg pralu`tas quädkàs y __ pgckirasas gh cas __WW khuyg gh cn

`npn`klnl lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs, ncklnl lg cas rgskluas pnrn rg`k`cnjg,

pralu`tas lg àhvgrskðh (par gjgdpca gh gc adpast), pralu`tas pnrn kh`khgrn`kðh y

vgrtglgras, y gh cn dglklns lg prg`nu`kðh qug sg lgogrîh lg tadnr gh cns Khstncn`ka-

hgs lg \rntndkghta lg _gskluas (K\_).

Gs gvklghtg cn pgrskstgh`kn lg __ pgckirasas gh cas lgsg`bas vgrtklas gh _gccghas

Pnhktnrkas, par ca qug lgogrîh lg tadnrsg cns dglklns pgrtkhghtgs pnrn rglu`kr su

prgsgh`kn n eutura gh cas insgs y ckxkvknlas qug gstas ighgrgh.

N gx`gp`kðh lg cas rgskluas gcg`traladëstkàs (U. Gcg`traladëstkàs), sg ahsklgrnh

gh gstn ntgiarän talas cas nocgs gcë`trkàs y nrtgen`tas lg vacudgh rglu`kla tncgs

àda cîdpnrns, gcucnrgs, nrinlargs, n``gsarkas tncgs ada nrtu`bas lg tkhtn, tðhgr

lg kdprgsarn y eataàpknlarns, pnrcnhtgs, dk`rðeahas, nocgs dgtîckàs, rgùokgrtas,

`nocgs lg onjn, dglknhn y nctn tghskðh, dglklargs lg cuz, gt`.

Cas rgskluas a lgsg`bas pgckirasas lg nrî`tgr kheg``kasa, sg lgogh igstkahnr ah-

sklgrnhla cas prkh`kpkas lg k`ca lg vkln lgc pralu`ta, rgspahsnokcklnl khtgirnc lgc

ighgrnlar, pnrtk`kpn`kðh púock`n, aduhk`n`kðh lgc rkgsia y okasgiurklnl.

@ada prkh`kpncgs nightgs a rgskluas kheg``kasas (nhkdncgs / budnhas) tghgdas n:

Pnhirgs y bgdalgrkvnlas, pcnsdns, gt`. Ecuklas arparncgs vnrkas (arkhgs, duàsk-

lnl, gt`.) dntgrknc nosaroghtg snturnla, insns, npðsktas, gqukpas lg bgdatrnhseuskðh,

nhîcksks lg cnoarntarka, uctkvas lg cnoarntarka, nhkdncgs dugrtas khaùcnlas y/a sa-

dgtklas n nhîcksks y gxpgrkdghtn`kðh gh cnoarntarka, y hncdghtg, uncqukgr dntgrknc

qug bnyn gstnr gh ahtn`ta a bnyn ahtghkla nciuha lg cas rgskluas nhtgrkardghtg

dgh`kahnlas.

@aheardnla usuncdghtg par rgskluas lg adpastnjg, cadorkùcturn, bajns, pcnhtns

dugrtns, args, rgàrtgs lg îroacgs, ëspgl, nroustas y orazn ?9. Nlgdîs tndokëh

sugcgh ghàhtrnrsg trahàs y dnlgrns hnturncgs lg dglknha y irnh tndnþa (U. Uacu-

dkhasas) y atras rgskluas lg ern``kðh gx`cuskvndghtg ariîhk`n vgigtnc.

Cns n`tkvklnlgs dkhgrns ighgrnh irnhlgs nhtklnlgs lg rgskluas, y lgokla n su

ndpckn indn y vnrkglnl, du`bas lg gccas yn sg ghùghtrnh ahtghklas gh ntgiaräns

nhtgrkargs.?2

Gs nsä qug pgsg n qug cas __ vnränh lg nùgrla nc tkpa lg dkhgrän (dgtîck`n y ha dg -

tîck`n) ighgrncdghtg cas dîs kdpartnhtgs gh tërdkhas lg vacudgh sah cas gstërkcgs y

lgsg`bas quädkàs.

\ndokëh sah pralu`klas atras rgskluas tncgs ada nqugccas rgsuctnhtgs lg përlklns

lgc pra`gsa (U. __ lg pra`gsa) ,rgskluas lg cns gtnpns pastgrkargs nc pra`gsndkghta

lg cas dkhgrncgs tncgs ada gsàrkns lg euhlk`kðh (U. ghkzns y gsàrkns) y gc eas-

eaygsa rgsuctnhtg lg cn enork`n`kðh lg î`kla easeðrkà, gdoncnjgs lg lkvgrsas tkpas,

`bntnrrns, onsurn lg a`khns, cnoarntarkas y tnccgrgs, onsurn ladëstk`n pravghkghtg lg

àdglargs y ncajndkghtas a vkccns rgsklgh`kncgs, y atras tkpas lg rgskluas lkegrghtgs,

lgslg tuoas uargs`ghtgs bnstn gsàdoras lg àhstru``kðh.

__ gcë`trkàs

__ kheg``kasas

__ jnrläh

__ dkhgras ?2

?9 Orazn. @ahjuhta lg bajns, rndns ylgspajas lg cns pcnhtns, nsä àdacn dncgzn qug surig gh gc `ndpa.Eughtg: Lk``kahnrka lg cn cghiungspnþacn © ?667.

?2 Nlnpt. PÎH@BGZ, CWKP G. –Dnhgjalg _gskluas Pðcklas lg Dkh grän—.Lgpnrtndghta lg Ghighbnrkn lgDkhns, Gsàcn Vacktë`hk`n ln Whk-vgrsklnl lg Pàa Vnuca. Ornskc.

\rnonja puock`nla gh –Nspg`tasIgacðikàs lgVratg``kðh Ndokgh-tnc—, Uacudgh K, WHGP@A,>;;7 - pp.?0; - ?76.

__ puhzaàrtnhtgs

__ quädkàs

659 652



@ADVWGP\AP A_IÎHK@AP

Ogh`gha ]nT -

Vralu` kðh lg gtkcogh`gha,lalg`kcogh`gha(pnrn lgtgrightgs)=`k`cabgxnha (pnrn hycah)= eghac= hktrnta-

ogh`gha (pnrn nhkckhn)= nhbälrkla dncgk-à= bgxn`caraogh`gha= î`kla suceðhkàlg ogh`gha ada lksacvghtgs.

@nh`gräighas. Nctndghtgtðxkà. Khndnocg, ncta rkgsia lgkh`ghlka.

Gtkcogh`gha ]nT -Khtgrdglknrka pnrn cn pralu``kðh lggstkrgha= lksacvghtg.

\ðxkà par khigstkðh, khbncn kðhy nosar kðh ùtîhgn= krrktnhtg

pnrn cas ajas y pkgc. Khndnocg,

ncta rkgsia lg kh`ghlka.

\acugha ]nT

(dgtkcogh`gha)-

Insackhn lg nvkn kðh y sacu kðh pnrndgz`cns lg ncta a`tnhnjg= enork`n`kðhlg ogh`gha, eghac y `npracn`tndn=lksacvghtgs lg pkhturns y rgùorkdkgh-tas, pgindghtas, rgskhns, cn dnyarän lgn`gktgs, iadn, arinhasacgs lg vkhkca=lksacvghtg y lkcuyghtg gh cn`ns hktra`g -cucnrgs= lksacvghtg nlbgskva gh juiugtgslg pcîstkà, pralu tas quädkàs (î kla

ogh`ëhkà, lgrkvnlas lg ogh`kc y oghzac,sn`nrkhn, dglk`khns, tkhtgs, pgreudgs)=eughtg pnrn rgskhns lg packurgtnha,gxpcaskvas (\H\), suceahntas lg tacugha(lgtgrightgs).

Khndnocg, ncta rkgsia lgkh`ghlka. \ðxkà par khigstkðh,khbncn kðh y nosar kðh ùtîhgn.

@ADVWGP\AP BNCAIGHNLAP

@caraogh`gha ]nT

(eghkc`carura)-

Eghac, carahktraogh`gha, nhkckhn, partnlar lg lksacvghtg pnrn lksa`knhntalg dgtkcgha, lksacvghtg, khtgrdglka pnrn

pgstk`kln, trnhsegrgh`kn lg ncar

Dalgrnla rkgsia lg kh`ghlka.\ðxkà par khbncn kðh y àhtn taàh nc pkgc.

@caragtgha ]nT

( carura lg vkhkca)-

Vack carura lg vkhkca y àpacädgras,sähtgsks ariîhk`n, nlbgskvas pcîstkàs.

Gxtrgdnlndghtg tðxkà y pgck-irasa par talas cas dglkas lggxpask kðh. @nh`gräigha.

Lk`caradgtnha ]nT

( carura lg vkhkca)-

ûktnpkhturn, lgsirnsndkghta lglksacvghtgs, vnpargs lg lgsghirnsg,nightg sapcnlar lg gspudns, gxtrn``kðhlg lksacvghtgs, lksacvghtg lg n`gtnta lg`gcucasn.

\ðxkà, nh`gräigha yhnr`ðtkà

\gtrn`caragtnha -

Lksacvghtg gh ckdpkgzn gh sgà, lksac-vghtg lg lgsirnsndkghta lg vnpargs,nightg sg`nlar pnrn dgtncgs y nciuhasatras sðcklas, vgrdäeuia, dglka lgtrnhsegrgh`kn lg ncar, enork`n`kðh lguara`nroahas.

Krrktnhtg pnrn cas ajas y cn pkgc.

VGP\K@KLNP - BG_OK@KLNP - KHPG@\K@KLNP ]oT

Ghlrkhℯ - Khsg`tk`kln y Eudkinhtg\ðxkà par khbncn kðh y nosar -`kðh utîhgn, nh`gräigha.

Ckhlnhgℯ - Vgstk`kln \ðxkà par khbncn kðh, khigstkðhy nosar kðh ùtîhgn.

Dgtbaxy`bcarℯ - Khsg tk`kln Dntgrknc \ðxkà

\axnpbghgℯ - Khsg`tk`kln y Eudkinhtg\ðxkà par khbncn kðh, khigstkðhy nosar kðh ùtîhgn.

Pkcvgx -Bgrok`kln, rgiucnlar lgc `rg`kdkghtalg pcnhtns.

Dntgrknc tðxkà= su usa bn sklargstrkhikla.

WÄDK@AP V_ALW@KLAP VA_ GC @ADG_@KA, KHLWP\_KN [ NI_K@WC\W_N

V_ALW@\A PKD. WPA KH^WKG\WL

HA DG\NCGP

Nrsëhkà NsNlktkva pnrn ncgn`kðh lg dgtncgs, ada

pgrlkiahgs, rgjkccns lg ontgräns, earras lg`nocgs, tuoas, gt`.

@nh`gräigha y dutîigha, përlk-ln lg ghgriän, entkin y lgrdntktks.

Pgcghka Pg

Gcg trðhk`n, pcn`ns xgrairî`ns, \U,Eata`ëcucns, V@¼s, Ontgräns sacnrgs,rgvgcnlargs, grîdk`n (àcarnhtg lgvklrka), vuc`nhkznlar, `ntnckznlar.

Lgàcarn`kðh rajn lg lglas,lkghtgs, pgca= Lgokcklnl ighgrnc,lgprgskahgs, krrktn`kðh lg hnrkzy oa`n.

DG\NCGP

Onrka On

Ncgn kahgs pnrn nha nc vn äa, lgsaxk -lnhtg lg aorg, cuork`nhtg lg ratargs,îhalas lg tuogräns pnrn _R, ncgn kahgslg oujäns.

Khndnocg gh eardn lg pacvan tgdpgrnturn ndokghtg, Cnria

pcnza: bkpgrtghskðh y ocaqugahgrvkasa.

@nldka @l

_gùorkdkghtas saorg dgtncgs, ncgn`ka-hgs nhtkerk` kðh, ncgn kahgs lg sacln-lurn, skstgdns nhtkeugias, pkcns Hk-@l,`nocgs lg trnhsdkskðh gcë`trk`n, onsgslg pkidghtas gh vklrknlas grîdkàs,gsdnctgs lg dnqukhnrkns, euhik klns,eatairneän y cktairneän, rg`tk`nlargslg sgcghka, gcg`tralas pnrn cîdpnrns lgvnpar lg nldka y `ëcucns eatagcë`trk`ns.

Khndnocg gh eardn lg pacva.\ðxkà par khbncn kðh lg pacvaa vnpar. @nh`gräigha. Cas àd-

pugstas sacuocgs gh nldka sahnctndghtg tðxkàs. N cnria Vcnza:àh`ghtrnlas gh gc bäinla,rkþahgs, pîh`rgns y tkraklgs=cn bkpgrtghskðh gs uh geg`tasaspg`bnla.

@rada @r

Gcgdghta lg ncgn kðh y lg `radnlasaorg dgtnc y sustrntas pcîstkàs pnrn

rgskstkr cn àrraskðh. Wtkckznla gh gc pra`gsa lg urtkla lg ùgras. _gùork-dkghta pnrn nutadðvkcgs y gqukpndkghtan``gsarka. Khvgstkin`kðh hu`cgnr y nctnstgdpgrnturns, àhstktuyghtg lg pkidgh-tn kahgs khariîhk`ns.

Cns eardns bgxnvncghtgs lg

`rada sah nh`gräighns y arra-skvns saorg tgjkla.Cnria pcnza: sghskokckzn kðh lgcn pkgc y lnþas n cas rkþahgs.

Vcada Vo

Nùducnlargs, nlktkva lg insackhn, pki-dghtn`kðh lg pkhturns, rgùorkdkghta lg`nocgs, duhk kahgs, tuogräns, earras lglgpðsktas, saclnlurns y ncgn kahgs euh-lkocgs, ndartkiunlargs lg vkorn`kahgsgh ahstru``kðh pgsnln, bajns dgtîck`ns,ncgn`kahgs nhtkerk``kðh.

\ðxkàs par khigstkðh a khbncn-`kðh lg pacvas y vnpargs.Cnria pcnza: lnþas grgorncgs,nc skstgdn hgrvkasa y rkþahgs,lgeg`tas lg hn`kdkghta.

Dgrùrka Bi

Ndncindns, ntnckznlargs, npnrntasgcg trðhkàs, `îtalas pnrn nc pralu` kðhlg cara y sasn îustk`n, khstrudgh-tas, cîdpnrns lg vnpar lg dgrùrka,rgùorkdkghta lg gspgjas, cîdpnrns lgnrà, nclgrns,

Nctndghtg tðxkà par nosar kðhùtîhgn g khbncn kðh lg vnpar.Cnria pcnza: tðxkà pnrn gcskstgdn hgrvkasa ghtrnc= puglg`nusnr lgeg`tas lg hn`kdkghta.

Vcntn Ni

Enork`n`kðh lg hktrnta lg pcntn, oraduralg pcntn, eataquädk`ns= rgùorkdkghtaslg tnhqugs y atra gqukpndkghta lgrg`kpkghtgs pnrn rgn``kahgs quädk`ns,lgstkcn kðh lg niun, gt .= gspgjas,àhlu`targs gcë`trkàs, pcntgnla,gqukpndkghta gcg trðhkà, gstgrkckznlar,

purk`n`kðh lg niun= `gdghtas lg`kruiän= ntnckznlar lg bklrntn`kðh yaxkln`kðh, nùducnlargs gspg`kncgs,`ëcucns sacnrgs, rgg`targs lg tarrgssacnrgs= ncgn`kahgs lg saclnlurn n onjntgdpgrnturn= uokgrtas lg dgsn, jaygrän=gqukpndkghta lg lghtkstn, dglk khn y`kghtä`n= @ahtn`tas gcë`trkàs= dgtnclg ralndkghtas, oaokhnjg lg kdnhgs=ndncindns lg lghtkstn.

Dgtnc tðxkà.Cnria pcnza: lgàcarn kðh irks

pgrdnhghtg lg ajas, pkgc y dgdornhns duàsns.

]nT Gstas khàs ackiaàdpugstas sah dîs aduhgs gh gc ins lg

rgccgha snhktnrka.

]oT Cas pgstk`klns, bgrok`klns g khsg`tk`klns gstîh ckstnlas sgiúh su hadorg

àdgr`knc. Cas adpugstas ckstnlas tndokëh sah àdpugstas ariîhkàs

bncaighnlas.

ℯ \rnlgDnrm. Dnr n @adgr`knc.

@lr.?6 ûädkàs pralu`klas par n`tkvk-lnlgs àdgr`kncgs, khlustrkncgsy niräàcns.

Nlnpt. \@BAONHAICAWPI., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N.–Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluasPðcklas— DÌrnw Bkcc (Gl).Gspnþn. >;;<. pp. >?< - >?9.tnocn 7.5. Eughtgs lg __PP ghcn àduhklnl.

A\_AP LN\AP.- Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

65; 696



Lgokla n su adpcgjn aheardn`kðh gs duy lkeä`kc cairnr cn sgpnrn`kðh lg gstas 0

àdpahghtgs, nuhqug úctkdndghtg sg bnh lgsnrraccnla tg`hacaiäns gspg`kncgs pnrn

cairnrca, pgra qug sah lg gcgvnlas astas apgrn`kahncgs.

Var tnc datkva sg bn aptnla par skstgdns lg rg`k`cnla nctgrhntkva lahlg cas ghvnsgs

sah trkturnlas y vgrtklas gh uhn dîqukhn ccndnln bklrnpucpgr. Lurnhtg cn niktn`kðhlg cas ghvnsgs ah niun y skh pralu`tas quädkàs, cns orns gcucðsk`ns sah bk-

lrntnlns, sgpnrîhlacns lg cns npns lg pcîstkà/ncudkhka. Gsns orns ghtah`gs sah

utkckznlns gh cn pralu``kðh lg pnpgc rg`k`cnla pnrn cn aheg``kðh lg njns y tuoas

pgqugþas. Cns `npns lg pcîstkà/ncudkhka sah usnlns pnrn enork`nr pkgzns pcîstk`ns a

pcn`ns y tgjns utkckznlns gh cn àhstru``kðh `kvkc.

\gxtkcgs pra`gsnlas, nceadorns, trnpas, artkhns, iadns, ugras, rapn, bkcnlas, tgcns=

Ekorns skhtëtk`ns: hycah, packëstgr= Ekorns nhkdncgs: sglns y cnhns lg avgjn, ncpn`n

y vkùþn= Ekorns vgigtncgs: ncialðh oruta y pra`gsnla, ckhas, gt` nlgdîs lg atras

tgjklas tncgs ada: rnsa, sntëh, pnjn, îþndas g yutgs.

Oatgccns, apns, vnsas, vklrkas aduhgs (`rulas), tgdpcnlas, khsucnlas, nrdnlas,

vklrkas acargnlas, vklrkas rggjnhtgs, casn grîdk`n, vnskjns y dntgrknc lg cnoarnta-

rka ha ahtndkhnla.

Pah nqugccas rgskluas pnrtkùcnrgs qug par sus lkdghskahgs, ha puglgh sgr igstka-

hnlas ada gc rgsta lg cas __WW y par gcca vnh n sgr aojgta lg uh tkpa lg rgàikln

gspg`knc y lg uh trntndkghta lkstkhta lgpghlkghla lg sus nrn`tgrästk`ns tncgs ada:

gcg`traladëstkàs (U.Gcg`traladëstkàs), nutadðvkcgs, dîqukhns y sus n``gsarkas

a pnrtgs= @bntnrrn, Dugocgs, inokhgtgs, ckorgras, rgpastgras, ghsgrgs ladëstkàs,

àdgr`kncgs g khstktu`kahncgs, gt`.

Nuhqug yn gxkstg gc sgrvk`ka lg rgàikln gh nciuhas pnäsgs lgc gxtrnhjgra= gstgsgrvk`ka gs paà utkckznla y sg aosgrvnh du`bas vacudkhasas sah yn rgàiklas par

rg`k`cnlargs kheardncgs a gh gc pgar lg cas nsas sah nonhlahnlas gh cas ahtghgla-

rgs y gh cas sacnrgs nonhlahnlas.

Cas _gskluas rnlkn`tkvas sah rgskluas qug àhtkghgh gcgdghtas quädkàs rnlkn`tkvas

qug ha tkghgh uh prapðskta prî`tkà. Gs ergùghtgdghtg aotghkla gh khstncn`kahgs

hu`cgnrgs lg ghgriän, gh dkhns lg urnhka, gh baspktncgs y cähk`ns ]dglk`khn hu`cgnr,

_R (_nyas R), trntndkghta lg rnlkatgrnpknT, gh cnoarntarkas y lurnhtg gc pra`gsn-

dkghta lg adoustkocg pnrn cas rgn`targs a nrdns hu`cgnrgs.

Pg sugcgh cnsk`nr par datkvas lg igstkðh gh:

_gskluas lgs`cnsk`nocgs (a gxghtas)

Ha pasggh uhn rnlkn`tkvklnl qug pugln rgsuctnr pgckirasn pnrn cn sncul lg cns pgrsa-

hns a gc dglka ndokghtg, gh gc prgsghtg a pnrn cns ighgrn`kahgs euturns.

_gskluas lg onjn n`tkvklnl

Vasggh rnlkn`tkvklnl inddn a ogtn gh hkvgcgs dghargs n 6,6< IOq/d° sk sah cäquk-

las, 6,6666< IOq/d° sk sah insgasas, a cn tnsn lg lasks gh ahtn`ta gs khegrkar n ?6

dPv/b sk sah sðcklas. Paca sg ahsklgrnh lg gstn ntgiarän sk nlgdîs su pgrkala lg

sgdklgskhtgirn`kðh gs khegrkar n 06 nþas. Lgogh ncdn`ghnrsg gh ncdn`ghndkghtas

supgr`kncgs.

_gskluas lg dglkn n`tkvklnl

Vasggh rnlkn`tkvklnl inddn a ogtn ah hkvgcgs supgrkargs n cas rgskluas lg onjnn`tkvklnl pgra khegrkargs n < IOq/d° pnrn cäquklas, insgasas ah ùncqukgr n`tkvklnl

a sðcklas uyn tnsn lg lasks gh ahtn`ta supgrg cas ?6 dPv/b. Paca puglgh ahsklg-

rnrsg lghtra lg gstn `ntgiarän nqugccas rgskluas uyn pgrkala lg sgdklgskhtgirn`kðh

sgn khegrkar n 06 nþas. Lgogh ncdn`ghnrsg gh ncdn`ghndkghtas supgr`kncgs.

_gskluas lg nctn n`tkvklnl a nctn vkln dglkn

\alas nqugccas dntgrkncgs gdksargs lg rnlkn`tkvklnl ncen y nqugccas dntgrkncgs gdk-

sargs ogtn a inddn qug supgrgh cas hkvgcgs kdpugstas par cas cädktgs lg cas rgskluas

lg dglkn n`tkvklnl. \ndokëh talas nqugccas uyn pgrkala lg sgdklgskhtgirn`kðh

supgrg cas 06 nþas (par gjgdpca cas n`tähklas dkharktnrkas), lgogh ncdn`ghnrsg gh

ncdn`ghndkghtas igacðikàs praeuhlas (NIV).

Cns ghtrncgs hu`cgnrgs ighgrnh rgskluas rnlkn`tkvas uya ncta hkvgc lg rnlkn`tkvk-

lnl sg pracahin lurnhtg kghtas lg dkcgs lg nþas. Nlgdîs, sk sg sudn su gcgvnla

patgh`knc rnlkatðxkà, supahgh uh kdpartnhtg praocgdn ndokghtnc, lg sncul púock`ny gàhðdkà, qug paàs snogh okgh ðda rgsacvgr.

Cas ghvnsgs lg \gtrn Vnm ® gstîh aheardnlas par 5 npns qug gvktnh gc àhtn`ta

àh gc dglka gxtgrha, y nsgiurnh qug cas nckdghtas ccgiugh n cas àhsudklargs ah

talns sus prapkglnlgs khtn`tns. Gstas ghvnsgs gstîh adpugstas lg pnpgc, ncudkhka y

packgtkcgha.

__ tðxkà - rnlkan`tkvas

tgtrn-pnm ® (ork`ms)

tgxtkcgs

vklrkas

vacudkhasas

\

U

69> 69?



?; Nlnpt. EAH\NHG\ P, C. & VA-UGLN I, V. –Igstkðh lg _gskluasWronhas - Dnhunc \ë`hkà y lg_ëikdgh Jurälkà— Gxckorks (Gl).Gspnþn. >;;; - pp. >6;.

<. Bn`kn uhn igstkðh khtgirnc lg rgskluas uronhas

Cas praocgdns nsa`knlas n cn igstkðh lg __WW gh cn sa`kglnl n`tunc sah sudn -

dghtg adpcgjas, par cn nhtklnl y cn hnturncgzn lkvgrsn lg cas rgskluas dksdas,

par gc lgsnrracca lg zahns uronhns, par cns ckdktn`kahgs lg eahlas pnrn cas sgrvk`kas

púockàs, par cas kdpn`tas lg cn tg`hacaiän y par ckdktn`kahgs gdgrightgs lg ghgriän

y dntgrkns prkdns.

Vnrn du`bas nutargs sg ghtkghlg par IGP\KÐH lg __WW:

–Gc àhjuhta lg n``kahgs lkrkiklns n lnr n cas dksdas gc lgstkha dîs nlgùnla

lg nùgrla àh sus `nrn`tgrästk`ns lg dnhgrn qug ha sg pahin gh pgckira cn sncul

budnhn y skh qug sg utkck`gh pra`glkdkghtas hk dëtalasqug puglnh pgrjulk`nr nc

dglka ndokghtg— ?;

Gstg ah`gpta sg lghg gh tarha n cn lkspask`kðh hnc g`kghtg lg cas __WW= gh

àhtrnpask`kðh cn IGP\KÐH KH\GI_NC LG __WW ha saca prgvë uhn arrg`tnlkspask`kðh hnc skha tndokëh uhn rglu``kðh gh cn ighgrn`kðh lg __WW gh cns

eughtgs lg arkigh, lnhla cuinr nc lgsnrracca lg uh gheaqug vgrlnlgrndghtg skstëdkà

y bacästkà gh cn igstkðh lg __WW, tnc y ada sg ndgrktn gh cas tkgdpas n`tuncgs.

Gh cn IGP\KÐH KH\GI_NC sg vgh khvacu`rnlns cns eughtgs ighgrnlarns, onja uhn

àh`gp`kðh apugstn n cn nhtkiun IGP\KÐH lg __WW, ha pnrtk`kpntkvn g khàhtracn-

lndghtg ahsudklarn y lgspgrlk`knlarn.

Lg tnc eardn qug unhla talas cas gcgdghtas euh`kahncgs bnh skla gvncunlas, y

talas cas ahtn`tas y ahgxkahgs ghtrg cas n`targs bnh skla nirupnlas pnrn uhn

dnyar g`n`kn y rghtnokcklnl, tadnhla gh ughtn n cn aduhklnl gh cas pra`gsas lg

rglu``kðh lg rgskluas gh arkigh, gs qug sg bn lgsnrraccnla geg`tkvndghtg uh PKP\G-

DN LG IGP\KÐH KH\GI_NC lg __WW (PIK_W).

Gh gstg ahtgxta cn IGP\KÐH KH\GI_NC lg _gskluas Wronhas (IK_W) puglg sgr

lghkln ada:

–Cn sgcg``kðh y npck`n`kðh lg të`hk`ns, tg`hacaiäns y prairndns lg igstkðh klðhgas

pnrn cairnr uhn g`kghtg rglu``kðh lg rgskluas gh arkigh y uh trnhspartg, trntndkgh-

ta y lkspask`kðh hnc nlgùnla lg cas __WW= lahlg ha sg pahin gh pgckira cn sncul

ndokghtnc, y sg rgluz`nh cas kdpn`tas, utkckznhla pra`glkdkghtas qug oghg`kgh nc

dglka ndokghtg y n cns gspg`kgs qug gh gc bnoktnh—

Lg ca nhtgrkardghtg dgh`kahnla sg lgsprghlgh cns gtnpns lg apgrntkvklnl lg cn

IK_W qug bgdas irn`nla gh gc skiukghtg unlra. 8

7. @adpahghtgs lg cn ]IK_WT

ighgrn kðh lg rgskluasgh arkigh

ENPG @ADVAHGH\GP EWH@KAHNCGP LG CN (IK_W)

prayg`tas ha sgcg``kahnlasprayg`tas sgcg``kahnlas

@ADVAHGH\GP EÄPK@AP

>.?.0.

<.

5.

7.

9.

2.

rglu` kðh lg rgskluasgh arkigh

glk`n kahgs, `nccgs& gspn kas púock as

`nccgs, gspn kas púock as& puhtas lg nàpka

gstn kahgs lg trnhsegrgh kn

khstncn kahgslg trntndkghtalg rgskluas]K\_T

insgs & ckxkvknlas

(trnhspartg & trnhsegrgh`kn)

rgccghas snhktnrkasàhtracnlas ]_PnT

pcnhtns lg rgàhvgrskðhy vncarn kðh ghgriëtk n

dnhkpucn kðh, sgpnrn kðh yncdn`ghndkghta lg __ gh arkigh

rgàcg` kðh lg __

t r n h s p a r t g

y

t r n h s e g r g h ` k n

vncarkzn kðh lgrgskluas

(sgpnrn kðhtrntndkghta y

trnhseardn kðh)

gvnùn kðh &lkspask kðh hnc

rgàhvgrskðh ghgriëtk n(rgutkckzn kðh, rg k cnjg, gt .)

@lr.?> Lkhîdk`n lg khtgrrgcn`kahgs ghtrg casàdpahghtgs euh`kahncgs lg cn IgstkðhKhtgirnc lg _gskluas Wronhas.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

690 69<



7.0 Dnhkpucn kðh, sgpnrn kðh y ncdn`ghndkghtalg rgskluas gh arkigh

Gstn gtnpn khvacu`rn cns n`tkvklnlgs nsa`knlns ah cn igstkðh bg`bn gh cas eaàs

ighgrnlargs, bnstn qug gstas __ sgnh aca`nlas gh cas ahtghglargs lg ncdn`ghn-

dkghta púockà bnstn su rgàikln. Gstn dnhkpucn`kðh kh`cuyg gc davkdkghta lg cas

àhtghglargs lgslg cns glk`n`kahgs bnstn cas puhtas lg rgàikln.

Cn sgpnrn`kðh lg cas rgskluas gs uh pnsa kdpartnhtg, yn qug lg gccn lgpghlgrî cn g-

`kgh`kn y rnpklgz gh su trntndkghta gh cns khstncn`kahgs lg `cnsk`n`kðh, vncarn`kðh

y rgùpgrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs. Whn arrg`tn sgpnrn`kðh lg arkigh, rglu`g cas astgs

gh cn Igstkðh lg __ nlgdîs lg nudghtnr cn en`kcklnl y ncklnl lg rg`k`cnjg lg cas

dntgrkncgs prgvkndghtg sgpnrnlas, gvktnhla su àhtndkhn`kðh khvacuhtnrkn.

Nsä dksda gc ncdn`ghndkghta KH PK\W gs lg uhn kdpartnh`kn prkdarlknc, lgokla

n cn prgaùpn`kðh par cn sncul púock`n y par àhsklgrn`kahgs gstëtk`ns lg cn kulnl.

Pg lgogrî gvktnr cn kdpravksn`kðh lg puhtas lg nàpka skh ahtghglargs gh nccgs y

pcnzns nc nkrg ckorg, tnc y àda vghkdas vkghla gh cn n`tuncklnl. Gh nciuhas pnäsgs

lgsnrraccnlas sah utkckznlns dnqukhns nsgrns pnrn cn trkturn`kðh, adpn`tn`kðh y

àdpastnjg lg __.

PGVN_N@KÐH [ @CNPKEK@N@KÐH GH A_KIGH

Gs uhn lg cns eardns dîs g`n`gs y pasktkvns lg cairnr cn rgùpgrn`kðh y rgutkckzn -

`kðh lg dntgrkncgs gh cns K\_, rglu`kghla cn `nhtklnl lg __ rg`bnznlas pnrn _Pn.

Whn vgz qug cas __ sah sgpnrnlas, cn ugstkðh lg cas ighgrnlargs gs qug bn`gr ah

cas __ bnstn qug gstas sgnh rgàiklas. Vnrn tnc nsa sg lgog lg lkspahgr lg ahtg-

hglargs sgpnrnlas pnrn `nln tkpa lg rgskluas tnhta gh cns glk`n`kahgs àda gh cas

puhtas lg nàpka púockà. Gh pnäsgs dîs nvnhznlas, àda Ncgdnhkn, du`bas lg

cas ighgrnlargs sg gh`nrinh lg cnsk`nr y trnhspartnr cas rgskluas bnstn cns dksdns

gstn`kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`kn y pcnhtns lg trntndkghta.

7.< _gàcg` kðh lg rgskluas

Gh cn gtnpn lg rgàcg``kðh, cas ndkahgs ahtghglargs sg gh`nrinh lgc trnhspartg lg

cas __ lgslg cas puhtas lg nàpka púockà, bnstn cns pcnhtns lg trnhsegrgh`kn y/a K\_a ghtras lg gvnùn`kðh hnc.

Gstg pra`gsa sg bn tarhnla nln vgz dîs lkeä`kc y adpcgja yn qug cn ighgrn`kðh

sg pralu`g gh glk`n`kahgs sgpnrnlns, nsä ada gh nccgs, pcnzns, pnrqugs, zahns

oncläns a vn`äns y du`bns vg`gs cas puhtas lg nàpka ha sah rgspgtnlas a kh`cusa sg

`nrg`g lg gccas.

Dkghtrns cns eardns lg ighgrnr __ sg vugcvgh dîs lkeusns y sg kh`rgdghtn cn nhtk-

lnl tatnc lg gstas, cn caiästk`n gh gc pra`gsa lg rgàcg``kðh sg vugcvg nln vgz dîs

àdpcgjn y astasn.

Eki.>7 @ahtghglar pnrn rgskluas`cnsk`nlas gh aräigh. Eughtg:

Mkt`bgh _g`cy`cg Okhs - WhktglMkhilad.

bttp://www.mkt`bghrg`y`cgokhs.àd/khlgx.btd . ?6>6.

7.> _glu` kðh lg rgskluas gh arkigh

Wok`nln gh gc rnhia dîs ncta lg cn jgrnrquän ]IK_WT, kdpck`n rglu`kr cn nhtklnl y/a

taxk`klnl lg cas rgskluas qug sah ighgrnlas gh cn n`tuncklnl. Cn rglu``kðh gstî gh gc

prkdgr cuinr gh cn jgrnrquän parqug gs cn eardn dîs g`nz lg rglu`kr cn `nhtklnl lg

rgskluas, cas astgs nsa`knlas n su dnhkpucn`kðh y cas kdpn`tas ndokghtncgs.

Cn rglu``kðh lg __ lgpghlg prkh`kpncdghtg lg hugstras bîoktas lg ahsuda y

lgspgrlk`ka, qug sah du`bns vg`gs ahlk`kahnlas par cns khlustrkns y par cas dglkas

qug eadghtnh n`tktulgs lg bkpgràhsuda n trnvës lg pralu`tas lg àrta pgrkala

vkln y ahstnhtg rghavn`kðh (cnhzndkghtas ahstnhtgs nc dgr`nla).

Cn gx`gskvn nhtklnl lg __ ighgrnlas, palrän vgrsg rglu`kln n trnvës lgc lksgþa, cn

enork`n`kðh y gc ghvnsnla lg pralu`tas ah uh dntgrknc tðxkà dähkda, uh vacudgh

rglu`kla lg dntgrknc y uhn vkln útkc dîs cnrin. Cns eardns lg adprn sgcg`tkvn y cn

rgutkckzn`kðh lg pralu`tas y dntgrkncgs, tndokëh sah en`targs kdpartnhtgs n tadnr

gh ughtn nc dadghta lg rglu`kr cn ighgrn`kðh lg __ nlgdîs lg hadornr nciuhas

atras, tncgs ada:

- Lksdkhu`kðh lg gdoncnjgs lg pralu`tas.

- Lgsnrracca lg pralu`tas dîs lurnlgras y dîs eî`kcgs lg nrrgicnr (duy gh ahtrn lg

cns n`tuncgs pacätk`ns lg adprnr & tkrnr prapk`knlns par cns khlustrkns).

- Pustktu`kðh lg pralu`tas lg uh saca usa par pralu`tas rgutkckznocgs.

- Wtkckzn`kðh lg dghas rgùrsas (g.i. Nudghtnr cns kdprgskahgs y àpkns n laocg

`nrn).

- Kh`rgdghtnr gh cas pralu`tas gc ahtghkla lg dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas.

- Kh`rgdghtnr pacätk`ns lg ahsuda rnzahnocg dglknhtg cn glu`n`kðh n trnvës lg dg-

lkas lg prghsn gs`rktn, rnlkalkeuskðh y tgcgvksnln (npaya lg khlustrkns y gdprgsns

ndokghtncdghtg rgspahsnocgs).

- Gcnoarn`kðh lg pacätk`ns (cgygs) qug ahtracgh y rgiucgh gc dgr`nla lgc ahsuda.

7.? Ighgrn kðh lg rgskluas gh arkigh

Nonr`n cns n`tkvklnlgs gh cns qug cas dntgrkncgs sah klghtk`nlas ada skh hkhiúh

vncar nlk`kahnc, y okgh sah tkrnlas a rgàiklas juhtas pnrn cn gvnùn`kðh. Gs kdpar -

tnhtg nhatnr qug gh nc ighgrn`kðh lg rgskluas bny uh pnsa lg klghtk`n`kðh y gstg

pnsa vnrän àh `nln rgskluas gh pnrtkùcnr. Gstn gs uhn gtnpn paà àhtracnocg, skh

gdonria sg gspgrn qug gh cg eutura sg pugln gjgr`gr uh dnyar ahtrac saorg gstn.

Gc aha`kdkghta lg cns nhtklnlgs lg _W ighgrnlas sah lg uhn kdpartnh`kn rätk`n

pnrn lgtgrdkhnr gc udpckdkghta lg cas prairndns lg igstkðh y lg cn cgikscn`kðh=

sgcg``kahnr gc gqukpa nlgùnla, lksgþa lg ktkhgrnrkas lg rgàcg``kðh, y gc lksgþa

gspg`äà lg cns Khstncn`kahgs pnrn su trntndkghta y gvnùn`kðh.

Gxkstgh kgrtas en`targs eäskàs y igairîàs qug neg`tnh cns nhtklnlgs lg rgskluas

ighgrnlns y rgàcg`tnlns, tncgs ada: ucturn lg àhsuda, ca`nckzn`kðh igairî`n,

tgdparnln lgc nþa, usa lg trkturnlarns ladëstk`ns (duy aduhgs gh WPN), ergùgh-

`kn lg rgàcg``kðh, cnsk`n`kðh lgc rgsklua gh arkigh, ncklnl lgc sgrvk`ka prgstnla,

ghtrg atrns.

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Eki.>5 @ahtghglar pnrn puhtas lgnàpka lg usa adúh. Eughtg:@bnssks mkhi. ?6>6

06 Gh Gspnþn, n gstg tkpa `ghtras lgnàpka àduhktnrka sg cgs bn lgha-dkhnla VWH\AP UG_LGP.

Eki.>9 @cnsgs lg `ndkahgs trnhspartn-largs lg __. ?6>6

Eki.>2 Gstn`kðh lg trnhsegrgh`kn lg`nrin lkrg`tn gqukpnln àhàdpn`tnlarn gstn`kahnrkn.(Nlnptnla lg P`bkhlcgr Yniiah

NI, Vrnttgkd, Igrdnhy)

Eki.>; Gstn`kðh lg trnhsegrgh`kn lg`nrin lkrg`tn àh dugccg lglgs`nrin gcgvnla.

- Pkstgdn lg @njn Ekjn ]P@ET

Cas ahtghglargs sg quglnh gh cas dksdas puhtas lg ighgrn`kðh. Hardncdghtg

sah utkckznlas cas ndkahgs adpn`tnlargs lg nckdghtn`kðh dnhunc (skstgdn utkck-

znla gh Vgrú). Cn dnyarän lg cas ndkahgs vn gqukpnla ah uh skstgdn lg adpn`-

tn`kðh khtgrha.

7.7.? Gstn kahgs lg trnhsegrgh kn bn kn K\_ - _Pn

Pg utkckznh pnrn trnhsegrkr cas __ lgslg cas vgbäùcas lg rgàikln y atras vgbäùcas

lg pgqugþa tahgcnjg bn`kn gqukpas y vgbäùcas lg irnh tahgcnjg pnrn gc trnhspartg lg

cas __ n trnvës lg irnhlgs lkstnh`kns bn`kn cns pcnhtns lg trntndkghta y cas rgccghas

snhktnrkas. Gxkstgh n su vgz 0 tkpas lg gstn`kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`kn:

- Gstn`kahgs lg trnsegrgh`kn lg @N_IN LK_G@\N

Cas __ lg cas vgbäùcas lg rgàikln sg vn`änh lkrg`tndghtg gh gc vgbäùca utkckznla

pnrn trnhspartnrcas bn kn khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs. Gstns gstn`kahgs puglgh a ha tg-

hgr gqukpas lg adpn`tn`kðh y vnh lgslg irnh `npn`klnl bnstn dglknhn y pgqugþn

lkdghskðh.

- Gstn`kahgs lg trnsegrgh`kn lg NCDN@GHNDKGH\A [ @N_IN

Cas __ sg vn`änh gh uhn easn lg ncdn`ghndkghta (lg > n 0 läns) lgslg cn unc sah

`nrinlas gh vgbäùcas lg irnh tahgcnjg dglknhtg gh usa lg gqukpndkghtas nuxkckn-

rgs. Gstns gstn`kahgs puglgh a ha tghgr gqukpas lg adpn`tn`kðh y vnh lgslg irnh

`npn`klnl bnstn dglknhn y pgqugþn lkdghskðh.

7.<.> Dalncklnlgs lg nàpka

- Nàpka sgcg`tkva gh arkigh

Lkspask`kðh y lgpðskta lg lkegrghtgs ern``kahgs a dntgrkncgs kh sktu, gs lg`kr, gh

gc dksda cuinr lg ighgrn`kðh y gh rg`kpkghtgs gspg`kncgs. Dglknhtg trnhspartg

hgudîtkà, cas __ sah trnhspartnlns bnstn sktunrcns gh ahtghglargs lg dnyar

tndnþa, ahtghglargs gspg`kncgs a pcnhtns lg trnhsegrgh`kn, pnrn pastgrkardghtg

sgr trnhspartnlns par vgbäùcas gspg`kncgs bnstn cas cuinrgs sgcg``kahnlas pnrn su

lgs`nrin hnc.

- Nàpka Pgcg`tkva gh puhtas lg usa adúh

Lkspask`kðh y lgpðskta lg __ gh rg`kpkghtg gspg`kncdghtg lksgþnlas, ahvghkghtg-

dghtg gdpcnznlas gh cn aduhklnl y bnokcktnlas n tnc geg`ta pnrn su usa púockà 06.

Vastgrkardghtg sg ccgvnrî n noa gc pra`gsa lg –rgàikln— dglknhtg vgbäùcas gspg-

`kncgs y su trnhspartg bnstn cas cuinrgs sgcg``kahnlas pnrn su lgs`nrin hnc.

- Nàpka –tala gh uha—

[n sgn gh arkigh, a okgh, gh puhtas lg usa adúh, gstg tkpa lg nàpka sg lkegrgh`kn

lg cas nhtgrkargs parqug gh gc ha gxkstg sgpnrn`kðh lg ern``kahgs, sg trntn lg qug cas

rgskluas ighgrnlas sah lgpasktnlas gh uhn úhk`n oacsn a rg`kpkghtg y lkspugstas,

hardncdghtg, gh ahtghglargs lg pa`n npn`klnl y/a gh cns nccgs.

7.7 \rnhspartg y trnhsegrgh kn

Pg rggrg n cas dglkas, khstncn`kahgs y n``gsarkas utkckznlas pnrn geg`tunr cn trnhs-

egrgh`kn lg cas __ lg uh cuinr n atra, hardncdghtg dîs lkstnhtg, ighgrncdghtg lg

cas ghtras lg nàpka bn`kn gstn`kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`kn, rgccghas snhktnrkas g K\_,

nlgdîs lg rgnckznr gc trnhspartg lghtra lg cns dksdn K\_ y cas puhtas lg gvnùn`kðh

hnc.

Gc dglka dîs adúh lg trnhspartg ca rgprgsghtnh cas vgbäùcas datarkznlas nuhqug

tndokëh sg usn gc trnhspartg egrravknrka y dnrätkda (onr`nzns).

7.7.> \rnhspartg lgslg puhtas lg nàpka

Lurnhtg cas úctkdas nþas sg bnh utkckznla uhn ndpckn vnrkglnl lg skstgdns y

gqukpndkghtas pnrn gc trnhspartg lgslg cas puhtas lg nàpka. Gstas skstgdns pug-lgh cnsk`nrsg lgslg vnrkas puhtas lg vkstn, tncgs ada gc dala lg apgrn`kðh, gc

gqukpndkghta utkckznla y cas tkpas lg rgskluas rgàiklas. Bnorgdas n ahtkhun`kðh n

lgtnccnr rîpklndghtg cas skstgdns sgiúh su dala lg apgrn`kðh.

- Pkstgdn lg ahtghglar ]P@T

Gstas ahtghglargs sah trnhspartnlas nc cuinr dksda lg gvnùn`kðh, vn`knlas y

lgvugctas n su ca`nckzn`kðh arkikhnc a n atrn ca`nckzn`kðh. Gstg skstgdn gs klðhga

pnrn cn rgàcg``kðh lg __ pra`glghtgs lg ghtras àh uhn nctn tnsn lg ighgrn`kðh

(baspktncgs, khlustrkns, îr`gcgs, rgstnurnhtgs, ghtras adgr`kncgs, a`khns , gt`),

par qug sg utkckzn ahtghglargs rgcntkvndghtg irnhlgs, rglu`kghla gc tkgdpa lg

dnhkpucn`kðh y ncdn`ghndkghta lg __ gh arkigh.

* @ndkðh gcgvn-àhtghglar ]P@T * @ndkðh vacqugtg ]P@T * @ahtghglar rgdacqug ]P@T *@ndkðh àdpn`tnlar ]P@ET

E ki .> ; E ki .? 6

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Eki.?0 Gstn`kðh lg trnhsegrgh`knàdokhnln lg `nrin lkrg`tn ylgs`nrin-`nrin àh apgrn-`kahgs lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg

dntgrkncgs.

Eki.?6 Gstn`kðh lg trnhsegrgh`kn lgnctn `npn`klnl (?666 \h/l)utkckznhla gc skstgdn lg ncdn`g-hndkghta - `nrin. Pnh Ernh`ksà@N. ?6>6

Eki.?> Pg``kðh trnhsvgrsnc n uhpcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh`kn lg nctn`npn`klnl.

Eki.?? Gstn`kðh lg trnhsegrgh`kn lgncdn`ghndkghta - `nrin àhkhstncn`kahgs lg ncdn`ghndkgh-ta t adpn`tn`kðh.(@artgsän lgc Duhk`kpka dgtra-packtnha lg \arahta, Lgpnrtn-dghta lg Aorns Vúock`ns)

- Gstn`kahgs adokhnlns @N_IN LK_G@\N / LGP@N_IN - @N_IN

Pah khstncn`kahgs packvncghtgs qug skrvgh n uhn indn dîs ndpckn lg usunrkas, y qug

nciuhns vg`gs kh`cusa puglg sgrvkr pnrn gc pra`gsndkghta y rgùpgrn`kðh lg kgrtns

ern``kahgs lg __.

7.7.0 Apgrn kahgs lg trnhsegrgh kn lghtra lg K\_ - _Pn

Gh ighgrnc, cns apgrn`kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`kn gh K\_ y _Pn, kdpck`nh cn`nrin lg

rgdacqugs ah dntgrkncgs sgpnrnlas y pra`gsnlas qug sah trnscnlnlas n sktkas lg

gvnùn`kðh y lgs`nrin hnc. @unhla sg utkckznh rgdacqugs nokgrtas, cn apgrn`kðh lg

trnhsegrgh`kn sg cnsk`n ada nrin lkrg`tn. @unhla sg `nrinh cas rgdacqugs ah

__ pra`gsnlas, cn apgrn`kðh lg trnhsegrgh`kn sg cnsk`n ada lg ncdn`ghndkghta y

`nrin.

Wsuncdghtg sah utkckznlas vgbäùcas ahtnkhgr lg tkpa rgdacqug-vacqugtg lg irnh

tahgcnjg, y nciuhns vg`gs sah utkckznlas cas skstgdns egrravknrkas (vniðh - ahtnkhgr)

y dnrätkda (onr`nzns) unhla cns lkstnh`kns qug sg bnh lg rgàrrgh sah lg gxtghsn

dnihktul.

7.5 Uncarkzn kðh lg rgskluas(sgpnrn kðh, trntndkghta y trnhseardn kðh)

Cn rgùpgrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs, su sgpnrn`kðh, pra`gsndkghta y trnhseardn`kðh, sg

pralu`g gh ca`nckzn`kahgs cgjnhns, eugrn lg cns eughtgs ighgrnlarns. Cn sgpnrn`kðh

y gc pra`gsndkghta lg __ qug bnh skla sgpnrnlas gh arkigh (klðhga) y cn lg __

ha sgcg``kahnlas hardncdghtg tkghg cuinr gh cns khstncn`kahgs lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg

dntgrkncgs, gstn`kahgs lg trnhsegrgh`kn, khstncn`kahgs lg kh`khgrn`kðh y cuinrgs lg

gvnùn`kðh.

Gc pra`gsndkghta ergùghtgdghtg kh`cuyg: sgpnrn`kðh lg vacudkhasas, sgpnrn`kðh gh

ern``kahgs (par tkpa) n trnvës lg rkons, dglkas dnhuncgs, trkturn`kðh, gt`.=

69; 626



sgpnrn`kðh lg egrrasas dglknhtg kdnhgs, rglu``kðh lg vacudgh (àdpn`tn`kðh ),

àdpastnjg, okadgtnhkzn`kðh g kh`khgrn`kðh.

Cas __ sah sujgtas n 0 tkpas lg trnhseardn`kahgs: Eäsk`ns, quädk ns y okacðik`ns=

skghla utkckznlns pnrn:

>/ Dgjarnr cn g`n`kn lg cns apgrn`kahgs y skstgdns lg igstkðh lg __.

?/ _gùpgrnr dntgrkncgs rgutkckznocgs y rg`k`cnocgs.

0/ _gùpgrnr pralu`tas lg ahvgrskðh (g.i.: adpast, okains) y ghgriän gh eardn lg

`ncar (Kh`khgrn`kðh).

Cn npck`n`kðh lg tg`hacaiäns nvnhznlns pnrn nudghtnr nc g`n`kn lg cas skstgdns

lg sgpnrn`kðh, trntndkghta y pra`gsndkghta lg __, ln cuinr n uhn dnyar lurn`kðh

(tkgdpa lg vkln) lg cn npn`klnl lg cas rgccghas snhktnrkas.

7.9 Gvnùn kðh y lkspask kðh ehnc

@ahskstg gh cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg __:

>/ Ha puglgh sgr rg`k`cnlas y ha tkghgh hkhiúh usa nlk`kahnc

?/ Dntgrkn rgsklunc qug qugln lgspuës lg cn sgpnrn`kðh y pra`gsndkghta lg __.

0/ Dntgrknc rgsklunc rgstnhtg lgspuës lg cn rgùpgrn`kðh lg pralu`tas sadgtklas n

àhvgrskðh ghgriëtk`n (@adpast, okains, kh`khgrn`kðh, gt`.)

Nlgdîs, bny qug lkstkhiukr cas rgccghas snhktnrkas ahtracnlas lg cas aha`klas –oa-tnlgras—= lahlg cas _Pn sah khstncn`kahgs lg khighkgrän, nrquktg`turn y uronhksda

nvnhznla, qug bnh skla gspg`kncdghtg lksgþnlns pnrn rglu`kr cas geg`tas gh gc dglka

ndokghtg y pratgigrca lg cas __ pgckirasas ada dglkln lg sgiurklnl y sncul

púock`n. Gh àhtrnpask`kðh gh cas oatnlgras y vgrtglgras kdpravksnlas gc lgpðskta

lg __ sg rgnckzn nc nkrg ckorg a okgh puglg sgr uokgrta ah dntgrkncgs tërrgas skghla

lkspugstas skh cas uklnlas y cns dglklns lg ahtgh`kðh lg kdpn`tas rgqugrklns gh

uhn khighkgrän lg ncklnl (g.i.: skh usa lg igadgdornhns, ha rgùpgrn`kðh lg ins y

ckxkvknla, gt`.)

Gh gstg nsa cn arrg`tn sgcg``kðh y nck`n`kðh lg tgrrgha y tg`hacaiäns pnrn cn ca`n-

ckzn`kðh lgc _Pn gs lg sudn kdpartnh`kn, y gs lgtgrdkhnhtg nc dadghta lgc lksgþa y

euh`kahndkghta lg cns khstncn`kahgs (glk`n`kahgs) qug cn aheardnh.

7.2 _gàhvgrskðh ghgriëtk`n (rgutkckzn kðh, rg k cnjg,gt`.)

Gstg kdpck`n:

>/ _gàikln lg cas dntgrkncgs sgpnrnlas gh cns K\_, y pcnhtns nsa`knlns.

?/ Vrgpnrn`kðh lg cas dntgrkncgs pnrn su rgutkckzn`kðh, rgpra`gsndkghta y trnhseardn-

`kðh gh hugvas pralu`tas.

0/ _gutkckzn`kðh, rgpra`gsndkghta y ighgrn`kðh ghgriëtk`n pnrtkr lg insgs, ckxkvknlas

y atras lgsg`bas aotghklas lg vgrtglgras.

Gstn gtnpn gs kdpartnhtg pnrn nyulnr n rglu`kr cn nhtklnl lg __ qug rgqukgrnh kr n

cas rgccghas snhktnrkas, nsä ada rgutkckzn.

62?62>



lg dntgrkncgs útkcgs pnrngc rg`k`cnjg, kh`khgrn`kðh, okadgtn-hkzn`kðh y adpastnjg.

Nsä dksda gxkstgh 0 irnhlgs pra`gsas lghtra lg cn vncarkzn`kðh(trntndkghta) lg __, pnrn cas un-cgs bnh skla lgstkhnlns cns pîikhns`ahtghklns gh cn prgsghtg sg``kðh:

>/ Pgpnrn`kðh lg rgskluas

?/ @ahvgrskðh quädk`n &

okacðik`n0/ @ahvgrskðh tërdk`n

Gc prapðskta lg gstî sg``kðh,`adprghlkln lghtra lgc npätucaKU (igstkðh khtgirnc lg __), gs

prgsghtnr cn tgarän gspg`ä`n rgcn-`kahnln n cas pra`gsas lg sgpnrn-`kðh, trntndkghta y trnhseardn`kðhlg __= lahlg sg lgs`rkokrîh cas

pra`glkdkghtas, dëtalas y tg`ha-caiäns qug sah utkckznlns pnrn tnceuh`kðh.

Cn euh`kðh lg cns khstncn`kahgs pnrn gc trntndkghta lg __, gssgpnrnrcas gh lkegrghtgs ern``kahgsa tkpas pnrn cn aotgh`kðhktr

khstncn kahgs pnrn gctrntndkghta lg rgskluas

K U- k

620 62<



0> U. Nhîcksks lg gxpgrkgh`knspnrncgcns, `nsas y dalgcas pnrnàrraoarn`kðh.

Pgpnrn kðh &pra gsndkghta

lg rgskluasLghtra lg cns K\_ sg uok`nh cns Khstncn`kahgs lg Pgpnrn`kðh y Vra`gsndkghta lg

_gskluas (KPV_) qug udpcgh cas skiukghtgs aojgtkvas:

>/ Vra`gsndkghta nlk`kahnc lg __ sgpnrnlas gh arkigh aotghklas n pnrtkr lg

prairndns lg rgàikln gh puhtas lg nàpka púockà (n`grn), `ghtras lg rgàikln

sgcg`tkvn y ghtras lg rgàdprn skh khstncn`kahgs lg pra`gsndkghta.

?/ Pgpnrn`kðh y rgùpgrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs rgutkckznocgs y rg`k`cnocgs.

0/ Dgjarns gh cn ncklnl (gspg`k`n`kahgs) lg cas dntgrkncgs rgskluncgs rgùpgrnlas.

Lg tnc eardn qug uhn Vcnhtn Vra`gsnlarn lg __ (VV_) puglg euh`kahnr ada uhn

khstncn`kðh ghtrnckznln pnrn cn sgpnrn`kðh ckdpkgzn, gdoncnjg y trnhspartg lg irnh-

lgs vacúdghgs lg dntgrkncgs rgùpgrnlas lg cas _W.

>. Zahke`n`kðh ighgrnc lg (KPV_)

Cns lkegrghtgs apgrn`kahgs n rgnckznrsg lghtra lg cns KPV_ sah nirupnlns lg nùgrla

n cn gspg`k`klnl lg cn euh`kðh n cn qug gstëh rgegrklas. @nln euh`kðh ighgrn uhn

zahn lg lgsnrracca lgtgrdkhnln, uyns lgpghlgh`kns sgrîh ah`goklns y lkspugstns

gspn`kncdghtg lg nùgrla n cns gxkigh`kns lg nln n`tkvklnl.

Wsuncdghtg gstg tkpa lg khstncn`kahgs grnh ah`goklns úhk`ndghtg ada adpcgjas

khlustrkncgs, pgra gh cas úctkdas nþas, sg bnh kla khàrparnhla hugvns n`tkvklnlgs,

gspg`kncdghtg rgcn`kahnlns ah cn glu`n`kðh, cn khvgstkin`kðh y gc vncar púockà qug

gstns glk`n`kahgs gstîh lgsgdpgþnhla gh cas pra`gsas lg ah`kghtkzn`kðh y glu-

`n`kðh dglkandokghtnc. Gstns hugvns zahns 0> bnh skla khàrparnlns gh nc skiukghtg

zahk`n`kðh ighgrnc:

N. Zahn Nldkhkstrntkvn

- Lkrg``kðh & igrgh`kn

- Nldkhkstrn`kðh

- Nr`bkva

- Pg`rgtnrän

- Pncns lg _guhkahgs

- Lgspn`bas y a`khns prkvnlns

O. Zahn lg Lkeuskðh, glu`n kðh g khvgstkin kðh

- Îrgn lg lkeuskðh & glu`n`kðh

* Nucns packvncghtgs

* Îrgn lg Gxbkok`kðh

* Dusga lg cas _gskluas

* Pncn lg ahegrgh`kns

* Ckorgrän

- Îrgn lg khvgstkin`kðh y lgsnrracca

* \nccgrgs lg Gxtghskðh

* Cnoarntarkas

* Okockatg`n

@. Zahn Khlustrknc

- Khstncn`kahgs lg pgsnjg y vkikcnh`kn

- Îrgn lg lgs`nrin

- Easas lg rg`gp`kðh

- Pgpnrn`kðh lg rgskluas- Pgcg``kðh hnc lg rgskluas

- Îrgn lg Ncdn`ghndkghta lg dntgrkncgs

- Îrgn lg rgskluas vacudkhasas

- Îrgn lg trnhsegrgh`kn n _gccgha Pnhktnrka (__ ha rgùpgrnocgs)

L. Zahn lg Pgrvk kas Khlustrkncgs

- Npnr`ndkghta lg vgbäùcas pgsnlas

- \nccgr dg`îhkà

- Cnvnlgras

- Pncn të`hk`n lg gcg`trk`klnl

- Pncn të`hk`n lg niun y lgsnióg

- Pncn të`hk`n lg okadnsn y rgùpgra ghgriëtkà

G. Zahn Pgrvk kas @adpcgdghtnrkas

- Npnr`ndkghta pnrtkùcnrgs y trnonjnlargs

- @negtgrän

- \kghln & ckorgrän

- PP.BB. púockàs y prkvnlas

- @adglar pgrsahnc

- Ugstunrkas lg pgrsahnc

- Iunrlgrän

- Ghegrdgrän

KU.k - >

627 625



@lr.?? (Ukghg lg Vni. apugstn)@unlra rgsudgh lg cas pra`g-sas khlustrkncgs lg trntndkghtalg _gskluas. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

Nlnpt. \@BAONHAICAWPI., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N.–Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluasPðcklas— DÌrnw Bkcc (Gl).Gspnþn. >;;<. pp. >?< - >?9.tnocn 7.5. Eughtgs lg __PP ghcn àduhklnl.

PGVN_N@KÐH VA_ \NDNÞA

Pgpnrn`kðh lg cas dntgrkncgs sgiúh sus `nrn`tgrästk`ns lg eardn ytndnþa

@rkon y trðdgc

Pgpnrn kðh lg dntgrknc irugsa y ha, sgpnrn kðh lg nrtäùcas vacudkhasas y

irnhlgs trazas lg dntgrkncgs. \rðdgcgs usnlas àda radpglargs lg oacsns. /

\alas cas tkpas lg __.* @rkon vkorntarkns (pnrn cn sgcg``kðh lg tndnþa)

* \rðdgcgs Pgpnrn`kðh lg __ ha sgcg``kahnlas

* @rkons lg lksà ( pnrn sgpnrnr gc vklrka)

@k`cðh sgpnrnlar Pgpnrn`kðh lgc dntgrknc adoustkocg ckigra lgc uja lg nkrg. Gc dntgrknc sg sg-

pnrn lgc uja lg nkrg qug àhtkghg dntgrkncgs àdoustkocgs ckigras. / _gskluas

prgpnrnlas.

PGVN_N@KÐH VA_ LGHPKLNL

Pgpnrn`kðh sgiúh cn lghsklnl lgc pralu`ta

@cnsk`nlar hgudîtkàPgpnrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs adoustkocgs ckigras. Vnrn cn prgpnrn`kðh lg @ad-

oustkocgs lgrkvnlas lg _gskluas (@L_).

Pgpnrn`kðh par khgr`kn Vnrn gc pra`gsndkghta lg _W ha sgcg``kahnlas

Ecatn`kðh Vnrn gc pra`gsndkghta lg gsàdoras lg àhstru``kðh

PGVN_N@KÐH DNIHË\K@N

Pgpnrn`kðh par `ndpa gcë`trkà y/a dnihëtkà, lahlg cas dntg-rkncgs sg sgpnrnh sgiúh su `nrin gcg`trastîtk`n y su pgrdgnokcklnl

dnihëtk`n

Pgpnrnlar Dnihëtkà Pgpnrn kðh lg dgtncgs lg cas __. / \alas cas tkpas lg __.

LGHPKEK@N@KÐH - @ADVN@\N@KÐH

Wtkckznlas pnrn kh`rgdghtnr cn lghsklnl lg cas dntgrkncgs rgù- pgrnlas àh gc eh lg rglu`kr àstas lg trnhspartg y skdpcke`nr su

ncdn`ghndkghta. Wtkckzn`kðh lg cn pgcgtkzn`kðh pnrn cn pralu``kðhlg @L_ lghske`nla.

GdoncnlarnsGdoncnla pnrn àdpahghtgs sgpnrnlas. @adpn tn kðh gh enrlas. / Vnpgc,

`nrtðh, pcîstkàs, tgxtkcgs, ncudkhka.

Vrghsns lg cntns @adpn tn kðh y npcnhndkghta. / Cntns lg ncudkhka, dgtnc, bajncntn.

DNHKVWCN@KÐH - \_NPCNLA - NCDN@GHNDKGH\A

Vra`gsa lg trnhspartg y ncdn`ghndkghta lg dntgrkncgs rgùpgrnlas. Khvacu`rn gc usa lg enjns trnhspartnlarns, àhtghglargs, gcgvnla-

rns, pncns erahtncgs y `ndkahgs.

@khtns trnhspartnlarns \rnhspartg lg dntgrkncgs. / \alas cas tkpas lg __.

@khtns trnhspartnlarns lgsgcg``kðh

Pgpnrn kðh dnhunc lg dntgrkncgs / \alas cas tkpas lg __, sgpnrnlas gh arkigh

y ha sgcg` kahnlas.

@ahlu`tar lg iusnha\rnhspartg lg dntgrkncgs. _adpglar lg oacsns. /\alas cas tkpas lg __

Gqukpndkghta dðvkc Dnhkpucn kðh y trnscnla lg dntgrkncgs. / \alas cas tkpas lg __.

Khstncn`kahgs lg ncdn`ghndkghta

Ncdn`ghndkghta lg dntgrkncgs. / \alas tkpa lg dntgrkncgs

rgùpgrnlas.

?.Pgpnrn kðh dg`îhk n vs. Pgpnrn kðh dnhunc

Cn sgpnrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs rgskluncgs puglg àhsgiukrsg dnhuncdghtg, dg`îhk-

`ndghtg a cn dgz`cn lg ndoas pra`glkdkghtas. N`tuncdghtg gh cns KPV_ sg vkghgh

ccgvnhla n`noa uh pra`gsa adpnrtkla ghtrg dîqukhns y budnhas, yn qug du`bas

lg cas trnonjnlargs gh`nrinlas lg cns cnoargs dnhuncgs lg sgpnrn`kðh sah nhtkiuas

rg`k`cnlargs kheardncgs, qug lgokla n su gxpgrkgh`kn y onja uh gheaqug lg npaya sa-

`knc, sah khàrparnlas n gstns hugvns khstncn`kahgs lghtra lg prairndns lg rgàhvgr -

skðh cnoarnc= dgjarnhla su ncklnl lg vkln y nudghtnhla sus oghg`kas cnoarncgs,

sa`kncgs y lg sncul.

Gh pnäsgs gh väns lg lgsnrracca, lgokla n cas onjas prgsupugstas lg apgrntkvklnl, sg

vkghgh ahstruyghla khstncn`kahgs lahlg saca sg rgnckzn sgpnrn`kðh dnhunc. Cas

rgsuctnlas sg dugstrnh ncghtnlargs, lgokla n cn khàrparn`kðh lg cns aduhklnlgs

ighgrnlarns gh talas cas pra`gsas, lgslg cn rglu``kðh gh arkigh bnstn cn lkspask`kðh

hnc= du`bns vg`gs gstg tkpa lg khstncn`kahgs rgsuctnh dîs oghg`kasns n cn aduhk-

lnl gh tërdkhas lg glu`n`kðh y pnrtk`kpn`kðh sa`knc.

0. Vra`gsas khlustrkncgs lg trntndkghta lg __

Cas pra`gsas uhktnrkas utkckznlas gh nc sgpnrn`kðh y pra`gsndkghta lg __ sah lksg-

þnlas pnrn:

>/ Dalk`nr cns nrn`tgrästk`ns eäsk`ns lg cas __ pnrn qug puglnh sgr sgpnrnlas

eî`kcdghtg.

?/ Pgpnrnr lgc uja lg __ àdpahghtgs y àhtndkhnhtgs gspg`äàs

0/ Vra`gsnr y prgpnrnr cas dntgrkncgs pnrn usas pastgrkargs gspg`äàs.

V_A@GPAP KHLWP\_KNCGP LG \_N\NDKGH\A LG _GPKLWAP

\G@ HA CA IÄ N V_ A@ GP A - EW H@ KÐH / \K VA L G D N\G_ KN C

_GLW@@KÐH LG \NDNÞA

Wtkckznla pnrn cn rglu``kðh lg tndnþa y vacudgh ha sgcg``kahnlas y lg cas dntgrkncgs rgùpgrnlas

\_K\W_N@KÐH

Dackhas lg dnrtkccas _glu``kðh gh tndnþa. Pgpnrn`kðh lg nrtäùcas vacudkhasas irnhlgs y sgpnrn-kðh lg àhtndkhnhtgs. / \alas cas tkpas lg __.

Dackhas Ontklargs_glu` kðh lg tndnþa, tndokëh utkckznlas àda radpglargs lg oacsns. /

\alas cas tkpas lg __.

\rkturnlarns_glu` kðh lg tndnþa, tndokëh utkckznlas àda radpglargs lg oacsns / \alas

cas tkpas lg __.

\rkturnlarn lg vklrka _glu` kðh lg tndnþa / talas cas tkpas lg __. Pgpnrn kðh lg atras dntgrkncgs.

\rkturnlarn lg dnlgrn_glu` kðh lg tndnþa. Pgpnrn kðh lg nrtäùcas vacudkhasas

irnhlgs. / Valns lg jnrläh / \alas cas tkpas lg __.

629 622



Eki.?< Ksadgträn y sg``kðh lg dackhaslg dnrtkccas pnrn _W ha sgcg`-`kahnlas (n) uhklkrg``kahnc(o) rgvgrskocg.

@artgsän lg Ykccknds @rusbgrnhl Vucvgrkzgr @a.

Eki.?7 Lknirndn euh`kahndkghta lgtrkturnlarn àrtnhtg.

@artgsän: \@BAONHAICAWPI., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N.

Eki.?5 Lknirndn euh`kahndkghta lgdackha ontkghtg.@artgsän: \@BAONHAICAWPI., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N.

@lr.?0 En`targs lg sgcg``kðh lgGqukpndkghta lg _glu``kðh lg\ndnþa.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

0.> _g`gp kðh lg rgskluas (easas lg lgs`nrin)

\rkh`bgrn praeuhln lahlg sah lgpasktnlas cas rgskluas par cas ndkahgs adpn`-

tnlargs lgspuës lg su rgàikln gh cas puhtas lg nàpka. Gh gstas easas cas __ sg

lkspahgh gh lkstkhtas adpnrtkdghtas (àduhgs y/a sgirginlas) lgpghlkghla sk

bnh skla sgcg``kahnlas a ha gh arkigh, pnrn cugia sg sgr rgàiklas par uhn irún

pucpa, qug krî `nrinhla cas __ gh enjns trnhspartnlarns bn`kn cns skiukghtgs gtnpns

lgc pra`gsa.

0.? _glu` kðh lg tndnþa

Gs gc pra`gsa par gc qug sg rglu`g dg`îhk`ndghtg gc tndnþa lg cas dntgrkncgs. Pg

utkckzn gc tërdkha trkturn`kðh pnrn lgs`rkokr cns apgrn`kahgs dg`îhk`ns lg rglu``kðh

lg tndnþa. Gc aojgtkva lg gstn rglu``kðh gs aotghgr uh pralu`ta hnc rnzahnocg-

dghtg uhkeardg y ahsklgrnocgdghtg rglu`kla gh tndnþa adpnrnla ah su eardn

arkikhnc. Gstn rglu``kðh lg tndnþa ha kdpck`n hg`gsnrkndghtg uhn rglu``kðh gh

vacudgh. N ahtkhun`kðh sg lgtnccn gc gqukpndkghta dîs utkckznla gh gstg pra`gsa:

n. Dackhas lg dnrtkccaGs uh lkspasktkva lg kdpn`ta gh gc qug sg nàpcnh gxkocgdghtg uh húdgra lg

dnrtkccas n uh gjg a lksà ghtrnc qug ikrn n nctns vgca`klnlgs (966 - >?66 rgv./

dkh.). Var cn eugrzn ghträeuin cas dnrtkccas sg gxtkghlgh rnlkncdghtg lgslg gc

gjg ghtrnc. @unhla cas rgskluas ghtrnh gh gc dackha sah iacpgnlas ah su`kgh-

tg eugrzn ada pnrn sgr npcnstnlas a rnsinlas, ah tnhtn vgca`klnl qug ha sg

nlbkgrgh n cas dnrtkccas. Cn n``kðh artnhtg ahtkhun bnstn qug gc dntgrknc tkghg gc

dntgrknc lgsgnla y ng n trnvës lg uhn rgjkccn par gc eahla lgc dackha

o. Dackhas ontkghtgsGs skdkcnr nc dackha lg dnrtkccas, pgra sacndghtg prapar`kahn trkturn`kðh irugsn,

parqug cas dnrtkccas gstîh dîs sgpnrnlas. Apgrn`kahncdghtg, sah npnrntas lg uh

saca pnsa, dkghtrns qug gh gc lg dnrtkccas, gc dntgrknc pgrdnhg`g bnstn qug pnsn n

trnvës lg cns nogrturns gh cn pnrrkccn lgc eahla.

Du`bns vg`gs gstg tkpa lg dackhas sah utkckznlas ada radpglargs lg oacsns.

. \rkturnlarns artnhtgs

Gstns apgrnh ah uhn n``kðh lg tkjgrn, gh nc qug cns las u`bkccns ikrnhla gh sghtk-

las apugstas artnh cas rgskluas. @adpnrnlns ah cas dackhas lg dnrtkccas, gstas

sah lkspasktkvas lg onjn vgca`klnl (56 - >?6 rgv. / dkh.). Cn dnyarän sah davklns

par datargs bklrîuck as qug pgulgh sgr pugstas dnr`bn ntrîs gh `nsa lg ocaquga.

l. @uons trkturnlarns

Gs uh dackha lg dnrtkccas dðvkc qug sg puglg ccgvnr nc cuinr lg pralu``kðh lg __

y utkckznrca kh sktu. Wtkckznlns dnyardghtg ah rgàrtgs lg îroacgs y rgskluas lg

àhstru``kðh.

g. \rkturnlarns lg vklrkaPg utkckznh pnrn npcnstnr ghvnsgs y atras pralu`tas lg vklrka. N dghula gc vklrka

sg trkturn lgspuës lg bnogr skla sgpnrnla pnrn rglu`kr cas astas lg ncdn`ghndkgh-

ta y trnhspartg.

e. \rkturnlarns lg dnlgrn

Hardncdghtg sah nstkccnlarns lg dnlgrn, utkckznlns pnrn trkturnr irnhlgs trazas lg

dnlgrn. Wsuncdghtg usnlns gh gc pra`gsndkghta lg rgskluas lg jnrläh y rgskluas

duhk`kpncgs.

EN@\A_GP LG PGCG@@KÐH LG G^WKVNDKGH\A

LG _GLW@@KÐH LG \NDNÞA

EN@\A_ @ADGH\N_KA

Dntgrkncgs qug sgvnh n trkturnr

Lgogh aha`grsg cns nrn`tgrästk`ns dg`îhk`ns lgc dntgrknc, tncgs ada:

_gskstgh kn nc àrtg, lu tkokcklnl, gt .

\ndnþa lg dntgrkncgs trkturn-las sgiúh

àdpahghtgs

Cas dackhas lg dnrtkccas tkghlgh n pralu kr uh pralu ta ha uhkeardg= gh

`ndoka cns trkturnlarns artnhtgs pralu`gh uh dntgrknc dîs uhkeardgdghtg

trkturnla.

Dëtala lg nckdghtn`kðh lgtrkturnlarn

Cn `npn klnl lg cas trnhspartnlargs lg nckdghtn kðh lgog àrrgspahlg àh

cns trkturnlarns y/a dackhas.

@nrn`tgrästk`nsApgrn`kahncgs

_gquksktas lg ghgriän (@U • b/t), rgquksktas lg dnhtghkdkghta rutkhnrka y

gspg knckznla, skdpck klnl lg apgrn kðh, rghlkdkghta y nokcklnl àdpra-

onln, ighgrn`kðh lg rukla, àhtndkhn`kðh ntdaseërk a y lg niuns, gt`.

@ahsklgrn`kahgs lgCa`nckzn`kðh

Lkspahkokcklnl lg sugca y ncturn, n``gsa y àhsklgrn kahgs ndokghtncgs.

Ncdn`ghndkghta y trnhspartglg dntgrkncgs

Cas dntgrkncgs trkturnlas tkghgh qug sgr ncdn`ghnlas y trnhspartnlas bnstn

cns apgrn`kahgs pastgrkargs lg trntndkghta.

0.0 Pgpnrn kðh par tndnþa (`rkon kðh)

Cn sgpnrn`kðh par tndnþa a rkonla kdpck`n cn sgpnrn`kðh lg uhn dgz`cn lg

dntgrkncgs lg tndnþas lkstkhtas gh las a dîs ern``kahgs lg tndnþas sgdgjnhtgs ybadaiëhgas dglknhtg gc usa lg uhn a dîs supgr`kgs lg `rkon (àcnlargs), qug sg

utkckznh ada tndnþas lg sgcg``kðh. Vuglgh utkckznrsg nhtgs y lgspuës lg cn trktu-

rn`kðh ,n sä ada gh pra`gsas lg adpastnjg pnrn cn aotgh`kðh lg uh pralu`ta dîs

uhkeardg gh tndnþa. Cns npck`n`kahgs prkh`kpncgs lg cas npnrntas lg rkonla gh gc

pra`gsndkghta lg _W kh`cuygh:

>/ Pgpnrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs irnhlgs y pgqugþas

?/ Pgpnrn`kðh lg __ gh àdoustkocg ckigras y pgsnlas

0/ _gùpgrn`kðh lg pnpgc, pcîstkàs y atras dntgrkncgs ada vklrkas y dgtncgs.

</ Pgpnrn`kðh lg ra`ns y atras gsàdoras irnhlgs n pnrtkr lg tkgrrn gx`nvnln.

7/ Pgpnrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs irugsas n pnrtkr lg `ghkzns lg kh`khgrn`kðh.

(n)(n) (o)

62; 6;6



Eki.06 Ukstn gsqugdîtk`n lg cnspnrtgs lg cn @rkon \rðdgc täpk`nutkckznln pnrn cn sgpnrn`kðh partndnþa lg _W.

EÐ_DWCNP

0? \@BAONHAICAWP I., \BGKPGHB. & UKIKC P.N. –Igstkðh Khtgirnclg _gskluas Pðcklas— DÌrnw

Bkcc (Gl). Gspnþn. >;;<. Ap. kt.5?9 - 5?2.

Vastgrkardghtg, tala nqugc rgsklua irugsa qug bn skla rg`bnznla pra gc trðdgc sg

sgcg``kahn dnhuncdghtg, prgvkn sgpnrn`kðh dnihëtk`n lg dgtncgs eërrgas (gstas

tndokëh lgogrîh sgr sgpnrnlas lg cn ern``kðh hn qug pnsnrah par gc trðdgc).

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

Gc lksgþa lg uh trðdgc sg onsn gh vnrkas pnrîdgtras qug kh`cuygh lkîdgtra, ca hiktul,vgca`klnl lg ratn`kðh, îhiuca lg kh`ckhn`kðh, tnsn lg nckdghtn`kðh, lkstrkou`kðh y

tndnþa lg pnrtäùcns, gt`= gh ùnhta ntnþg pnrn gc lksgþa prairndîtkà nrquktg`tðhkàgc `îcùca lg lkîdgtra, lkdghskahgs y cahiktul lgc trðdgc.

\@BAONHAICAWP0? prapahg cn skiukghtg eðrducn pnrn gc `îcùca lgc lkîdgtra ycahiktul lgc trðdgc. Lahlg:

L 4 Lkîdgtra lgc trðdgc (d.) ^d 4 _ghlkdkghta lgc trðdgc (Mi./s) l o 4 Vgsa gspg`äà gh oruta lg _W (Mi/d0) ξ 4 Kh`ckhn`kðh lg trðdgc (¶ irnlas) M

v4 En`tar lg @arrg``kðh lg Ugca`klnl

Mv 4 >.07 ùnhla ξ 4 0¶

Mv 4 >.27 ùnhla ξ 4 7¶

E 4 En`tar lg rgccgha (hardncdghtg 6.?7 n 6.00) i 4 Irnvglnl (;.2> d/s?)

C t 4 Cahiktul lgc tradgc, (d.)

i 4 ;,2> (d/s?.) l o 4 Vgsa gspg`äà gh oruta lg _W (Mi/d0) ξ 4 Kh`ckhn`kðh lg trðdgc (¶ irnlas) t 4 tkgdpa qug tnrln uhn pnrtäùcn (lv) lg _PD gh ntrnvgsnr gc tradgc. (s.)

Gc tkgdpa qug tnrln uhn pnrtäùcn lg _W gh ntrnvgsnr gc tradgc, sg aotkghg npnrtkr lgc uja dîskà lg _u, gstg tkgdpa pradglka gs t 4 >9,7 s.

n. @rkons vkorntarkns

Pg usnh pnrn sgpnrnr dntgrkncgs pgqugþas n pnrtkr lg _W sgpnrnlas gh arkigh y ha

sgcg``kahnlas, y pnrn pra`gsnr rgskluas lg ahstru``kðh y lgdack`kðh. Pg puglgh

lksgþnr rkons pnrn qug vkorgh lg uh cnla n atra, vgrtk`ncdghtg a cahiktulkhnc-

dghtg. Cns rkons vkorntarkns utkckznlns pnrn cn sgpnrn`kðh lg _W sah kh`ckhnlns

y utkckznh uh davkdkghta vgrtk`nc. Gc davkdkghta vgrtk`nc pgrdktg qug gc dntgrknc

qug bny qug sgpnrnr gstë gh ahtn`ta ah cn rkon gh puhtas lkstkhtas.

o. @rkons ikrntarkns ( rkon trðdgc)

Gc tkpa dîs adúh lg rkon utkckznln gh gc pra`gsndkghta lg __ gs gc trðdgc. Cas

trðdgcgs tndokëh aha`klas ada rkons lg tndoar ikrntarka sg utkckznh pnrn sgpn-

rnr dntgrkncgs gh vnrkns ern``kahgs lg tndnþa.

Apgrn`kahncdghtg sg khtralu`g gc dntgrknc qug bny qug sgpnrnr gh gc trðdgc kh-

`ckhnla, dkghtrns ikrn gc dntgrknc sgpnrnla ng y ahtn`tn ah cn rkon hudgrasns

vg`gs dkghtrns lgs`kghlg n ca cnria lg cn dksdn. @ngrîh cns pnrtäùcns pgqugþns

n trnvës lg cas ark`kas lg cn rkon dkghtrns gc dntgrknc dîs irnhlg pgrdnhg`g

gh gccn. Gc dntgrknc qug ng n trnvës lg cn `rkon gs aha`kla acg`tkvndghtg ada

ern``kðh hn - lg pgqugþa tndnþa a `rkonlay cn qug qugln gs aha`kln àda

ern``kðh irugsn - lg irnh tndnþa a rg`bnza.

Cas trðdgcgs gqukpnlas àh ù`bkccns a lkghtgs dgtîckàs qug saorgsncgh lgc sah

tndokëh usnlas ada radpglargs lg oacsns. Hardncdghtg cns u`bkccns sg ca`nck-

znh gh gc prkdgr tgr`ka lgc trðdgc.

Eki.?9 Gsqugdns lg euh`kahndkghtalg uhn `rkon vkorntarkn.

Eki.?2 Khtgrkar lg uhn @rkon \rðdgc.

Eki.?; Gsqugdn lg euh`kahndkghta lguhn `rkon lg tndoar ikrntarka.

>>.05 ^ d

l o E Mv

i 6.7 tnh ξ L 4

6.<

t i t

? sgh ξ

lo φ r ?C

t 4

LKÎDG\_A LG \_ÐDGC

CAHIK\WL LG \_ÐDGC

6;> 6;?



Eki.0? Gsqugdn lg lksgþa euh`kahnc lg`cnsk`nlargs hgudîtkàs.

(n) rg`ta (tkpa ahlu`ta) hapucsnla a pucsnla n`tkva àhvîcvucn lg tnockccns.(o) ha pucsnla gh zkizni.

Eughtg \@BAONHAICAWPI., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N.–Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluasPðcklas— DÌrnw Bkcc (Gl).Gspnþn. >;;<.

Eki.00 Gsqugdn lg euh`kahndkghta lgPtahgr Dalgc P-?7.

(@artgsän lg \rkpcg / P Lyhn-dk`s, Kh`.)

Eki.0< Ukstns lgc Ptahgr Dalgca P-?7.(n) Vcnha gsqugdîtkà(o) Ukstn Cntgrnc gsqugdîtk`n(`) Ukstn lg uhklnl àdgr`knc(@artgsän lg \rkpcg / P Lyhn-dk`s, Kh`.)

@lr.?< Uncargs pradglka lg trðdgcgstîtkàEughtg: bttp://www.dkcknrkud.

àd & \@BAONHAICAWP.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn. ?6>6.

Eki.0> Gsqugdn lg euh`kahndkghta lguhn `rkon lg lksàs.

n. @cnske`nlar hgudîtk a

Cas __ sg lgjnh ngr par uh àhlu`ta vgrtk`nc. Gc nkrg qug suog lgslg gc eahla

lgc ahlu`ta sg utkckzn pnrn trnhspartnr cas dntgrkncgs dîs ckigras bnstn ca ncta lgc

àhlu`ta, lahlg cas dntgrkncgs dîs pgsnla ngh nc eahla lg gstg. Atra tkpa gs gc

`cnsk`nlar hgudîtkà zkizni, eardnla par uhn àcudhn vgrtk`nc ahtkhun ah

lgg`targs khtgrhas gh zkizni, n trnvës lg cas uncgs suog gc nkrg n nctn vgca`klnl.

Cn lkrg``kðh lgc uja gh eardn zkizni rgn turoucgh`kns qug, n ahtkhun`kðh,

prava`n qug sg vactggh cas __, radpkghla cas __ qug gstîh pginlas. Gc @cnsk`nr

hgudîtkà lg nkrg pucsnla gs uh khvghta rg`kghtg qug utkckzn uhn vgca`klnl lg nkrg

vnrknocg gh vgz lg ahstnhtg.

o. Ptahgr Pah utkckznlas pnrn sgpnrnr cn irnvkccn pgsnln lgc dntgrknc ariîhkà gh cns ern``ka-

hgs lg dghar tndnþa gh cas trðdgcgs, y n dghula sg ccndnh sgpnrnlargs khgrtgs.

Whn tghlgh`kn rg`kghtg gh gc lksgþa lg K\_ gs rggdpcnznr gc usa lg trkturnlarns y

`cnsk`nlargs hgudîtkàs par gc usa lg vnrkas trðdgcgs y uh stahgr.

Gc stahgr oîskà ahskstg gh uhn pnrrkccn parasn vkorntarkn n trnvës lg cn unc sg

sapcn nkrg. Cn pnrrkccn vkorn gh cähgn rg`tn gh sghtkla ns`ghlghtg. Gc dntgrknc qug sg

vn n sgpnrnr gs nckdghtnla par gh`kdn lg cn pnrrkccn gh uh puhta ghtrg gc ghtra y

gc tgr`ka dîs ncta lg cn pnrrkccn, gc nkrg qug khirgsn uklkzn y rglkstrkouyg cn snckln

lgc dntgrknc ckigra y pgsnla bn`kn ? sncklns apugstns.

. Ecatn kðh

Gs uhn apgrn`kðh oîsk`n qug gdpcgn uh ukla pnrn sgpnrnr ? adpahghtgs ah

lghsklnlgs lkegrghtgs. Cas __ ckigras atnh y sah rgtkrnlas lg cn supgr`kg gh

àhtrnpask`kðh lg cas __ pgsnlas qug sg sudgrigh gh gc eahla. Gstg skstgdn gs

usnla duy rnrndghtg gh cns K\_.

@ah cas `îcùcas nhtgrkargs sg bn lgtgrdkhnla uh vncar pradglka lg lkdghskahgs qug nàhtkhun`kðh lgtnccndas, y qug sgrî utkc nc dadghta lg lgtgrdkhnr gc gspn`ka pradglka(prairndn`kðh ùnhtktntkvn y ùncktntkvn) qug aùpnrnh gh cns khstncn`kahgs.

UNCA_GP V_ADGLKA LG \_ÐDGC GP\Î\K@A

GPVG@KEK@N@KÐH UNCA_ WHK.

@npn`klnl khput ?6 - 56 tah./b.

Ark`kas lgc trðdgc >7 - 26 dd.

Irugsa bnpn < - 5 dd.

Lkîdgtra tndoar ><76 - 0666 dd.

Cahiktul tndoar <666 dd.

Cahiktul nckdghtnlar ?;76 dd.

Cahiktul tatnc 7666 - 9666 dd.

Îhiuca lg kh`ckhn`kðh (vnrknocg) 0 - 9 ¶ irn-las

Ugca`klnl lg ratn`kðh (vnrknocg) >> - >0 r.p.d.

. @rkons lg lksàs

@ahskstgh gh uhn sgrkg lg gjgs barkzahtncgs pnrncgcas gqukpnlas ah lksàs ghtrgcn-

znlas lghtnlas (a gh eardn lg gstrgccn). Cn ern``kðh ckigrn qug bny qug sgpnrnr ng

ghtrg cas gspn`kas lg cas lksàs, y cas dntgrkncgs lg cn ern``kðh irugsn arrgh pargh`kdn lg cas lksàs ada gh uhn khtn trnhspartnlarn.

Pg puglgh sgpnrnr lkegrghtgs tndnþas lg __ utkckznhla cn dksdn rkon dglknhtg gc

njustg lgc gspn`ka ghtrg cas lksàs ikrntarkas. Gstg tkpa lg rkons sg utkckznh ah cn

dksdn hncklnl qug cns rkons ikrntarkns.

0.< Pgpnrn kðh par lghsklnl ( cnske`n kðh hgudîtk n)

Gs utkckznla pnrn sgpnrnr dntgrkncgs ckigras, ada pnpgc y pcîstkà, lg dntgrkn-

cgs dîs pgsnlas, ada dgtncgs= onsîhlasg gh cn lkegrgh`kn lg pgsa sujgta n uhn

àrrkghtg lg nkrg.

Wsuncdghtg gs usnla pnrn cn sgpnrn`kðh lgc dntgrknc ariîhkà lgc khariîhkà,

nuhqug tndokëh gs usnln pnrn sgpnrnr vklrka y pcîstkàs.

Wh skstgdn adpcgta lg cnsk`n`kðh hgudîtk`n gstî eardnla par WH @CNPKEK-

@NLA_ HGWDÎ\K@A y WH @K@CÐH PGVN_NLA_. Gh khstncn`kahgs lahlg

sah utkckznlas cas trðdgcgs, sah aduhdghtg gdpcgnlas cas P\AHG_P.

(n)

(n)

(`)(o)

(o)

6;0 6;<



Eki.02 Gdoncnlarn täpk`n. @artgsän lg

BPD ®. www.bsd.gu. ?6>6.

@lr.?7 En`targs lg Lksgþa \äpkàs pnrngqukpndkghta lg Gdoncnla.

Eughtg Nlnpt.NHAH[DAWP:– >;;> Ppg`k`ntkahs @ntncai-

Oncgrs—, Dnhnigdght ae YarclYnstgs, p.95, ghgra >;;>.

00 Vra`gsa utkckznla pnrn cn eardn`kðhlg pgqugþns par`kahgs lg dntgrkncnicadgrnla a àdprkdkla, àha`k-las àda pgcgts a pgccgts (khicës).

Eki.07 Gcg`trakdîh àcinhtg.@artgsän lg Lkhis @a. Dnihg-tk`, Iraup.?6>6.

Eki.05 Pgpnrnlar dnihëtkà tkpa `khtn.Eughtg. \@BAONHAICAWP.

Eki.09 Pgpnrnlar dnihëtkà lg lastndoargs. Eughtg. Kokl.

0.5. Lghske`n kðh (àdpn`tn kðh)

Gs uh pra`gsa uhktnrka qug kh`rgdghtn cn lghsklnl lg cas dntgrkncgs rgskluncgs pnrn

qug sg puglnh ncdn`ghnr y trnhspartnr dîs g`nzdghtg y ada uh dglka pnrn

prgpnrn @L_ lghsk`nlas. Bny vnrkns tg`hacaiäns lkspahkocgs kh`cuyghla gdoncnjg,

gdpn`ndkghta y pgcgtkzn`kðh.00

n. Gdoncnlarns

_glu`gh gc vacudgh lg cas rgskluas pnrn su ncdn`ghndkghta, prgpnrnh cas rgskluas

pnrn gc dgr`nla g kh`rgdghtnh cn lghsklnl lg cas __, rglu`kghla cas àstgs lg trnhs-

partg. cas dntgrkncgs ergùghtgdghtg gdoncnlas kh`cuygh gc pnpgc, `nrtðh, pcîstk as,

cntns lg bajncntn y ncudkhka. _ghlkdkghta pradglka lg gdoncnla : >5 tah./b.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

EN@\A_GP LG LKPGÞA \ÄVK@AP VN_N G^WKVNDKGH\A LG GDONCNLA

EN@\A_ WHK. UNCA_ \ÄVK@A @ADGH\N_KA

GDONCNLA_N VG^WGÞN

- \ndnþa lg oncn `d. >69 • 95 • 95 Duy vnrknocg, lgpgh-lkghla lgc enork`nhtg

- \ndnþa lg datar @U >6

- Vrgs kðh lg apgrn kðh MH / d? 5;6

- Vgsa lg oncn Mi. ??9 @nrtðh AhlucnlaGDONCNLA_N DGLKN

- \ndnþa lg oncn `d. >79 • >>< • 95 Duy vnrknocg, lgpgh-lkghla lgc enork`nhtg

- \ndnþa lg datar @U 97

- Vrgs kðh lg apgrn kðh MH / d? >77>

- Vralu``kðh par barn tah./b. 7 - ;>7-?6

@nrtðh Ahlucnla_W ha sgcg``kahnlas

- Vgsa lg oncn Mi.bnstn 5>?bnstn <7<bnstn >?96

@nrtðh AhlucnlaCntns lg ncudkhka_W ha sgcg``kahnlas

GDONCNLA_N I_NHLG

- \ndnþa lg oncn `d. >79 • >>< • 95 Duy vnrknocg, lgpgh-lkghla lgc enork`nhtg

- \ndnþa lg datar @U ?66

- Vrgs kðh lg apgrn kðh MH / d?

>77>

- Vralu``kðh par barn tah./b. >? - ?606 - <6

@nrtðh Ahlucnla_W ha sgcg``kahnlas

- Vgsa lg oncn Mi.bnstn 5>?bnstn 766bnstn >?96

@nrtðh AhlucnlaCntns lg ncudkhka_W ha sgcg``kahnlas

o. @adpn tnlarns gstn kahnrkns

Pg lghadkhnh adpn`tnlarns gstn`kahnrkns lgokla n qug gc rgsklua gs ccgvnla nc

sktka lg uok`n`kðh y nrinla dnhunc a dg`îhk`ndghtg n lkegrgh`kn lg cas vgbäù-

cas lg adpn`tn`kðh ah ruglns u aruins lgstkhnlas n adpn`tn`kðh kh sktu saorg

rgccghas snhktnrkas, lghadkhnlas adpn`tnlargs dðvkcgs.

0.7. Pgpnrn kðh dnihëtk`n y par `ndpa gcë`trkà

Vra`gsa par gc unc sg sgpnrnh cas dgtncgs egrrasas lgc rgsta lg cns ern``kahgs lg __,

utkckznhla sus prapkglnlgs dnihëtk`ns. Hardncdghtg sg utkckzn cn sgpnrn`kðh dni-

hëtk`n pnrn sgpnrnr cntns lg ncudkhka lg cntns lg bajncntn gh __ sgpnrnlas gh arkigh

lahlg cas las tkpas gstîh dgz`cnlas.

n. Pgpnrn kðh dnihëtk n purn

Pg usnh kdnhgs pgrdnhghtgs a gcg`trakdnhgs lg lkvgrsns ahiurn`kahgs. Gh uh

skstgdn lg khtn ductkgtnpn lksgþnla pnrn euh`kahnr nc hnc lg uhn enjn trnhspar -

tnlarn, hardncdghtg sg gdpcgnh 0 kdnhgs. Gc prkdgr kdîh ntrng gc dgtnc, gc kdîh

lg trnhsegrgh`kn sg utkckzn pnrn ccgvnr gc dntgrknc ntrnäla ncrglglar lg uhn urvn y

niktnrca. @unhla gc dgtnc ntrnäla ccgin n uhn zahn lahlg ha bny dnihgtksda, ng

ckorgdghtg, y uncqukgr dgtnc ha eërrga ntrnpnla ahtrn cn khtn par uh dgtnc eërrga

`ng tndokëh. Ghtah`gs, gc dgtnc eërrga gs ntrnäla lg hugva n cn khtn par gc úctkda

kdîh y sg lgs`nrin n atrn trnhspartnlarn a n uh àhtghglar lg ncdn`ghndkghta.

o. Pgpnrn kðh gcg trastîtk n

Cas ndpas gcg`trastîtkàs lg ncta vactnjg puglgh utkckznrsg pnrn sgpnrnr dntg-

rkncgs ha ahlu`targs, ada sah gc vklrka, gc pcîstkà y gc pnpgc, lg dntgrkncgs

àhlu`targs, ada sah cas dgtncgs. \ndokëh gs paskocg sgpnrnr cas dntgrkncgs ha

àhlu`targs, uhas lg atras, gh onsg n cns lkegrgh`kns gh su pgrdgnokcklnl gcë`trk`n,

a gh su en`kcklnl lg rgtghgr cn nrin gcë`trk`n.

6;7 6;5



LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

Ugca`klnl pradglka gh trnhspartn-larns dgtîck`ns:6.67 - 6.7 d./s.

Ugca`klnl pradglka gh trnhspartn-larns gxkocgs:6.7 - ?.7 d./s.

Nh`bas täpkàs lg khtns (`d.):07 / <6 / <7 / 76 / 56 / 95 / ;> / >69 / >?? / >09 / >7?

Eki.<> @khtns trnhspartnlarns utkckzn-lns pnrn trnhspartnr _W.

(n) @khtn `ðh`nvn saorg ghirn-hnjgs (ralkccas) nhiucnlas.(o) @khtn pcnhn saorg pcn`nàhtkhun.(`) @khtn lg nrrnstrg saorgghirnhnjgs.(l) @khtn trnhspartnlarn vkorn-tarkn.


onhlns, gqukpnlns àh ckstahgs trnhsvgrsncgs pnrn nrrnstrnr gc dntgrknc. Gc trnhs-

partg lg __ ha sgcg``kahnlas y skh pra`gsndkghta ha gstî nusghtg lg praocgdns.

Cns khtns sg lnþnh par cn näln lg c cas __ saorg gccns, gspg`kncdghtg cas qug

àhtkghgh adpahghtgs pgsnlas. \ndokëh sg prgsghtnh praocgdns gh cas puhtas lg

trnhsegrgh`kn ghtrg vnrkns trnhspartnlarns.

Whn trnhspartnlarn gs uhn khtn skh h, npaynln saorg ralkccas datrkz. Cns khtns

sah lg iadn, cahn a dntgrkncgs skhtëtkàs pnrn dntgrkncgs ckigras= y khtns lg n`gra

àh oksnirn pnrn dntgrkncgs pgsnlas.

Gc lksgþa sg rgnckzn gh onsg n cn vgca`klnl lg cn khtn, gc rghlkdkghta par pgsa

(Mi./b. a tah./b.), n cn patgh`kn gh nonccas lg eugrzn y nc gspgsar lgc dntgrknc

saorg cn khtn.

o. Khstncn kahgs \rnhspartnlarns ah Pgcg` kðh Dnhunc

Cn sgpnrn`kðh dnhunc gh uhn K\_ hardncdghtg sg ccgvn n noa sgcg``kahnhla

cas adpahghtgs khlkvkluncgs dkghtrns gstas pnsnh saorg uhn enjn trnhspartnlarn. Hardncdghtg sg uok nh gh gspn`kas gcgvnlas pnrn qug sg puglnh lgjnr ngr cas

__ n trnvës lg ahlu`tas qug ccgvnrîh gc dntgrknc n ahtghglargs ca`nckznlas lg

onja lg cas dksdas. Gstns cähgns lg apgrn`kðh, gh cns dalgrhns K\_, sg ghùghtrnh

du`bns vg`gs gh bnoktn`kahgs nkscnlns, okgh kcudkhnlns, ah nkrg nàhlk`kahnla,

ùdpckghla ah gc dîxkda lg rgqugrkdkghtas pnrn dnhtghgr n cas trnonjnlargs n

sncva lg kheg``kahgs y n``klghtgs.

Gstg tkpa lg sgpnrn`kðh gstî inhnhla irnh papucnrklnl gh nsa`ka ah skstgdns

dg`îhkàs lg npaya, parqug patgh`kncdghtg sg puglgh pralu`kr dntgrkncgs lg dîs

nctn ncklnl. Cas en`targs rätkàs lg lksgþa sah: Cn nh`burn lg cn khtn, cn vgca`k-

lnl lg cn khtn y gc gspgsar dglka lgc dntgrknc rgsklunc saorg cn khtn.

Eki.0; @adpn`tnlarn gstn`kahnrkn lgrgskluas.

Eki.<6 Gdpn`nlarn - gdoncnlarn lg

rgskluas.

00 Vra`gsa lg ahvgrskðh lg dntgrkncgsgh pgqugþns gsegrns a pgccgts.

Cns adpn`tnlarns gstn`kahnrkns puglgh adpn`tnr rgskluas:

>/ Lkrg`tndghtg lgc vgbäùca lg trnhspartg

?/ Gh àhtghglargs lg n`gra ah skstgdns lg àdpn`tn`kðh khtgrhn

. Gdpn`nlarns

Pah uhn nctgrhntkvn lg àdpn`tn`kðh gstn`kahnrkn. Apgrnhla ah nctns prgskahgs,

hardncdghtg lg 966 n ><66 MH/d?, pralu`gh oncns adpn`tnlns lg rgskluas a

dntgrkncgs rgùpgrnlas, rgcntkvndghtg pgqugþns= ah pgsas qug vnränh ghtrg 766 y

266 Mi.

Gc usa prkdarlknc lgc gdpn`ndkghta sg ghtrn gh cn prgpnrn`kðh lg cas dntgrkncgs

rgùpgrnlas pnrn su ncdn`ghndkghta y trnhspartg bnstn cas adprnlargs lg dntg-

rkncgs pnrn rg`k`cnjg. @nsk talas cas dntgrkncgs bnoktuncgs sg puglgh gdpn`nr .

. Gqukpas lg Vgcgtkzn kðh 00

Cn eardn`kðh lg pgcgts has y irugsas gs uhn tg`hacaiän qug puglg utkckznrsg gh nc

pralu``kðh lg @L_ lghsk`nla (@L_l) pnrn sgr qugdnla gh `ghtras lg kh`khgrn-

`kðh y pkrðcksks, y àda dntgrkn prkdn ckdpkn y pra`gsnln lg dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnocgs

(pcîstkàs, dgtncgs, vklrka, pnpgc, gt`.) pnrn gc trnhspartg lg cas dntgrkncgs prgpnrn-

las pnrn khlustrkns lgc rg`k`cnla.

Cns dîqukhns lg pgcgtkzn`kðh euh`kahnh onja gc prkh`kpka lg gxtruskðh ikrntarkn gx-

`ëhtrk`n n trnvës lg daclgs lg gxtruskðh (n dnhgrn lg acnlargs a prghsn-pnpns).

Wh skstgdn adpcgta lg pgcgtkzn`kðh rgqukgrg uhn trkturnlarn, uhn trnhspartnlarny uh skstgdn pnrn ahtracnr cn budglnl. Gc dntgrknc qug khirgsn n cn dîqukhn sg

nicadgrn par gc ncar nusnla par cn erk``kðh dkghtrns sg gxtruygh. Gstas pgcgts

puglgh sgr ncdn`ghnlas par dgsgs skh qug sg lgsàdpahinh dkghtrns sg dnh-

tghinh sgàs. Cas pgcgts irugsas vnh lg 9.7 d. par ?.7 d. Cas pgcgts has, sah

`kcählrkàs y hardncdghtg sah lg >.?7 n ?.6 d. lg lkîdgtra par >.?7 n ?.7 d. lg

cnria.

0.9 Dnhkpucn kðh, trnhspartg y ncdn`ghndkghtalg dntgrkncgs rgskluncgs

Wh trnscnla g`nz lg cas _W n ca cnria lg talas cns gtnpns lg trntndkghta, gs uh

en`tar lg irnh kdpartnh`kn pnrn prgvghkr ntnsàs qug rgluz`nh cn g`n`kn lg tala gc

skstgdn, adpradgtkghla gc rghlkdkghta lg cn pcnhtn.

n. @khtns \rnhspartnlarns

\rnscnlnh cas __ lg uh cuinr n atra. Cas prkh`kpncgs tkpas lg khtns sg puglgh

`cnsk`nr gh:

- Nrtkùcnlns - Oksnirns

- Lgcnhtnc - Onhlns

- \arhkccas - Ukorntarkns

- Hgudîtk`ns

Cns dîs aduhgs y lg ergùghtg usa sah cns trnhspartnlarns barkzahtncgs g kh`ck-

hnlns, qug ccgvnh gc dntgrknc par gh`kdn lg cn khtn y cns trnhspartnlarns lg

(n)

(`)

(o)

(l)

6;9 6;2



Eki.<0 Gqukpa gcgvnlar dðvkc, utkckznlapnrn cn dnhkpucn`kðh y trnhspar-tg lg dntgrkncgs rgskluncgs gd-pn`nlas. @artgsän lg DgincuxCaiksdnrmgt. ?6>6.

UNCA_GP V_ADGLKA

- \nsn lg `nrin pradglka: ?7 tah. / barn.

- Ugca`klnl dglkn lg khtn: 6.0 d. / s.

- Vgsa gspg`äà lg __ dglka: >6? Mi. / d0.

- Nh`ba lg khtn geg`tkvn: >.?6 d.

- Ncturn pradglka lg __:6.>7 d.

- \nsn lg sgcg``kðh pradglkapar trnonjnlar:

?.7 tah./b.

@lr.?5 \nsns lg sgcg``kðh dnhunc lgdntgrkncgs rgskluncgs. Eughtg\@BAONHAICAWP I., \BGK-PGH B. & UKIKC P.N.

Eki.<? Cähgn lg trnhspartnlarns pnrnsgcg``kðh dnhunc gcgvnln.@artgsän lg LGKPN Lgsnrrraccalg Gqukpas Khlustrkncgs P.N. -

Nrightkhn. ?6>6.

g. Khstncn kahgs & àhtghglargs lg Ncdn`ghndkghta

Cas dntgrkncgs qug bnh skla sgpnrnlas y pra`gsnlas tkghgh qug sgr ncdn`ghnlas

bnstn qug uh adprnlar cas rgàjn. Gh nciuhns khstncn`kahgs sg prapar`kahn gc

gspn`ka pnrn dastrnr cas dntgrkncgs n cas adprnlargs yn pnrn tnc geg`ta puglgh

utkckznrsg ahtghglargs y/a glk`kas lg ncdn`ghndkghta qug lgogrîh sgr adpcgtn-

dghtg grrnlas, pratgiklas lg cn khtgdpgrkg y nkscnlas lg nc ccuvkn y budglnl.

e. Khstncn kahgs lg pgsnjg

Pah uhn pnrtg kdpartnhtg lg taln K\_ y _Pn. Pg utkckznh oîsùcns lg vnrkas tkpas

pnrn pgsnr cas rgskluas qug khirgsnh n cns khstncn`kahgs y nsä ccgvnr uh àhtga lg

__ ighgrnlas, rgùpgrnlas, vghlklas y gvnùnlas. Cas tkpas lg khstncn`kahgs

lg pgsnjg vnränh lgslg oîsùcns pgqugþns pnrn pgsnr pgqugþns nhtklnlgs lg __

ccgvnlns par pnrtkùcnrgs, bnstn oîsùcns lg pcntneardn utkckznlns pnrn pgsnr vgbä-

ùcas lg rgàikln.

0.2 Khstncn kahgs lg npaya àduhktnrka

Cns K\_ par su dksdn khträhsg`n euh`kðh snhktnrkn udpcgh lghtra lgc acg`tkva

sa`knc uhn kdpartnhtg cnoar aduhktnrkn lg snhklnl y pratg``kðh dglkandokghtnc.

Gc Glk`ka dgrndghtg khlustrknc bn trnhsdutnla n sgr uh ahg`tar ghtrg cn kulnl

y sus lgsg`bas, y nc uok`nrsg gh cn àduhklnl lgog ahtrkoukr n cn ahsgrvn`kðh lg

su pnsnla y lg su klghtklnl, y nc dksda tkgdpa rglgsùorkr sus lgokcklnlgs adadglka lg rgsnr`kdkghta lg su ghtarha, y sgr igstar lg uhn ah`kgh`kn lg pratg``kðh

ndokghtnc pnrn gc eutura.

Onja gsg gheaqug gs qug gc prairndn nrquktg`tðhkà lg cns K\_, úctkdndghtg bn

khàrparnla cn prgsgh`kn lg gspn`kas lg lgsnrracca aduhktnrka, tnccgrgs, nucns, gs-

pn`kas pnrn gc lgsnrracca lg prairndns lg rgàhvgrskðh cnoarnc y ghtras lg npaya y

arkghtn`kðh pnrn gc trnonjnlar kheardnc y pnrn cn aduhklnl ighgrnlarn lg __.

0.; Khstncn kahgs pnrn cn glu`n kðh g khvgstkin kðh

Úctkdndghtg cas glk`kas khlustrkncgs y gh gspg`knc cns K\_ bnh àornla uh irnh vn-

car ada gxprgskðh nrquktg`tðhk`n lghtra lgc àcg`tkva ahtgdparîhga qug eardnckzn

cn kulnl.

Dnihas gjgdpcas ghàhtrndas gh cas vkþglas lksgþnlas par Hardnh Eastgr a_k`bnrl _aigrs, qug bnh pnsnla lg sgr skdpcgs hnvgs khlustrkncgs n ghtras ghacð-

ikàs gxpasktkvas lahlg sg pralu`g vkha, sg ntn ,khvgstkin y sg glu`n gh rgcn`kðh n

cn n`tkvklnl vktkvkhäàcn. Gh gc ndpa lgc trntndkghta lg __ sg vkghg sus`ktnhla gc

dksda pra`gsa trnhseardntkva. Gs nsä qug gstulkas nrquktg`tðhkàs ada Îoncas &

Bgrrgras gh Gspnþn a Ekgcl Apgrntkahs gh WPN, rgsnctnh gh sus parteackas cn prgsgh-

`kn lg cn tkpacaiän khlustrknc ada uh hugva igstar lg vncar pnksnjästkà, uronha y

nrquktg`tðhkà gh cn kulnl.

Lg nbä sg lgsprghlg cn hg`gsklnl lg ahtnr ah uhn prairndn`kðh qug khàrparg cns

n`tkvklnlgs lg glu`n`kðh , lkeuskðh g khvgstkin`kðh gh cns K\_.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

\NPNP LG PGCG@@KÐH DNHWNC LG DN\G_KNCGP\ahgcnlns / pgrsahn • barn

\KVA LG DN\G_KNC _NHIA \ÄVK@A AOPG_UN@KAHGP

_GPKLWAP HA PGCG@@KAHNLAP

- Ladëstkàs y adgr`kn-cgs 6.0 - <.6 ?.7 Onjn g`kgh`kn y `ncklnl

par tahgcnln, àh tnsnslg sgcg``kðh dîs nctns- @adgr`kncgs 6.< - 5.6 0.6

_GPKLWAP PGVN_NLAP GH A_KIGH

- Vnpgc dgz`cnla 6.7 - <.6 ?.7

- Vnpgc y nrtðh 6.7 - 0.6 >.7 Las pralu`tas

- Vcîstkàs dgz`cnlas 6.> - 6.< 6.? VG\ & VG-BL

- Uklrka y pcîstkà dgz`cnla 6.? - 6.5 6.7 Las pralu`tas

- Uklrka 6.? - 6.2 6.< Ocnhà, vgrlg, îdonr

- Vcîstkàs, vklrkas, cntns,ncudkhkas, atras. 6.> - 6.7 6.0 @untra pralu`tas

. \rnhspartnlarns hgudîtk ns

Pg lghg ada gc trnhspartg lg dntgrkncgs utkckznhla nkrg ada dglka lg trnhs-

partg. Vuglgh usnrsg pnrn trnscnlnr dntgrkncgs trkturnlas àda pnpgc pgrkðlkà,

pcîstkà, àdoustkocg lgrkvnla lg __, gt`.

Gstg tkpa lg trnhspartg gstî eardnla par uh vghtkcnlar, uh lkspasktkva lg nckdgh-tn`kðh, uhn tuogrän y uh npnrnta lg lgs`nrin, hardncdghtg uh k`cðh. Vuglgh apg-

rnrsg skstgdns nc vn`äa, par lgonja lg cn prgskðh ntdaseërk`n a skstgdns lg prgskðh

pasktkvn. Cns vgca`klnlgs lgc nkrg rahlnh gc rnhia lg ?6 n ?7 d./s., y cn rgcn`kðh

dntgrkncgs-nkrg gstî hardncdghtg gh 6.> Mi. dntgrknc/ >.6 Mi. nkrg.

l. Gqukpndkghta dðvkc pnrn dnhkpucn kðh lg rgskluas

Vnrn gc davkdkghta y dnhkpucn`kðh lg __ gs adúh utkckznr pncns erahtncgs= nsä

dksda gs hg`gsnrka gc usa lg gcgvnlarns pnrn davgr cas dntgrkncgs y cns oncns lg

__ gdpn`nlas nc hnc lgc pra`gsa pnrn qug sgnh ccgvnlas n cns îrgn lg ncdn`ghn-

dkghta y lgspuës nrinrcas gh ndkahgs pnrn su trnhspartg nc dgr`nla.

6;; >66



@lr.?9 Lknirndn lg uja dalgca pnrn

rgskluas sgpnrnlas y ha sgpn-rnlas gh arkigh.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn. ?6>6.

@ÎC@WCA LG CÄHGNP KHLKUKLWNCGP

_ghlkdkghta pradglka par cähgn:

77 tah./barn.(dg`îhk`n) ?7 tah./barn.(dnhunc) \kgdpa geg`tkva lg trnonja lknrka:

9 b. (dnhunc)

>5 b. (dg`îhk`n)

Gh Jarhnln cnoarnc lg 2b. àhsklgrnh-la lgs`nhsas.

H¶C

4 Húdgra lg cähgns lg trnonja\ah/b. 4 \ahgcnjg par barn *_

C 4 _ghlkdkghta pradglka *

<.? Lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa lg sgpnrn kðh

Wh lknirndn lg uja a lg pra`gsa, sg lghg àda gc ghsndocnjg lg cas pra`gsas

uhktnrkas trntnlas nhtgrkardghtg, khstncn`kahgs y apgrn`kahgs dnhuncgs pnrn cairnr

uhn sgpnrn`kðh geg`tkvn lg cas rgskluas.

Vrgvka gsoaza lgc lknirndn lgogrî lghkrsg gc skstgdn lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg cas rgsk-

luas, gs lg`kr lghkr sk sgrîh a ha sgpnrnlas gh arkigh nhtgs lg su pra`gsndkghta.

Gxkstg uhn irnh vnrkglnl lg lknirndns y dnhgrns lg ghsndocnr cas pra`gsas sgiúh

cns hg`gsklnlgs lg nln khstncn`kðh, lkspahkokcklnl lg tg`hacaiäns, tkpas lg rgskluas,

gt`. N ahtkhun`kðh prgsghtnrgdas uh lknirndn lg uja dalgca pnrn __ sgpnrnlas

y ha sgpnrnlas qug lgogrî sgr rgnlpntnla nc dadghta lg gherghtnr gc lksgþa hnc,

sgiúh cas lntas eäskàs, tahgcnjgs gspg`äàs n pra`gsnr y ahlk`kahgs tg`hacðik`ns y

hardntkvns lgc sktka n kdpcnhtnrsg.

Cn khvgstkin`kðh gs uhn lg cns euh`kahgs euhlndghtncgs gh gc trntndkghta lg __,

yn qug pgrdktgh dglkr cas ndokas g kdpn`tas prava`nlas par cns khstncn`kahgs

snhktnrkns gh su ghtarha. Gc tkpa lg khvgstkin`kðh qug sg rgnckzn gh cns K\_ sg ghtrn

gh cn dglk`kðh lg cns tnsns lg ighgrn`kðh lg __, insgs y ckxkvknlas, y gh dglkr cas

kdpn`tas lg cns khstncn`kahgs gh sus ghtarhas prapk`knhla cn gcnoarn`kðh lg prayg`-

tas lg khvgstkin`kðh y lg gstulkas qug ahtgdpcnh cn pnrtk`kpn`kðh lg khvgstkinlargs,

uhkvgrsktnrkas, gstulknhtgs lg acgikas y púockà gh ighgrnc.

Nsä dksda, cn khtgrprgtn`kðh lg cas eghðdghas ucturncgs gh tarha n cn ighgrn`kðh

lg rgskluas gs uhn lg cns tnrgns dîs kdpartnhtgs qug lgsnrraccnh cns K\_ n hkvgc lg

lkeuskðh y glu`n`kðh. Var gstn rnzðh, gs kdpartnhtg cn gcnoarn`kðh lg prairndns

glu`ntkvas abgrghtgs qug pgrdktnh ccgvnr nlgcnhtg gstn euh`kðh, nlgdîs lg ighgrnr

y dnhtghgr gc khtgrës lgc púockà gh gstg tkpa lg khstncn`kahgs.

Onja gstg prksdn, cn prgsgh`kn lg n`tkvklnlgs glu`ntkvns gh cns K\_ tncgs ada gxpa-

sk`kahgs lg nrî`tgr pgrdnhghtg a tgdparncgs, vksktns iuknlns, àhegrgh`kns, earas,

àhirgsas, tnccgrgs, gt`. aùpnh bay gh län uh cuinr kdpartnhtg gh gc euh`kahndkghta

lg gstg tkpa lg àdpcgjas snhktnrkas.

<.Lksgþa lg cns khstncn`kahgskhlustrkncgs (KPV_)

<.> @rktgrkas prgckdkhnrgs lg lksgþa• Lghk`kðh lg cns euh`kahgs qug lgsgdpgþnrî cn KPV_.

• Pgcg``kðh lg dntgrkncgs qug sgrîh sgpnrnlas (nbarn y gh gc eutura).

• Klghtk`n`kðh lg cns gspg`k`n`kahgs lg cas dntgrkncgs (nbarn y gh gc eutura).

• Lgsnrracca lg lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa lg sgpnrn`kðh.

• Lgtgrdkhn`kðh lg `npn`klnl lgc pra`gsa.

• \rnznla y lksgþa lg cns khstncn`kahgs eäsk`ns.

• Pgcg``kðh lgc gqukpndkghta qug sgrîh utkckznlas.

• @ahtracgs ndokghtncgs.

• @ahsklgrn`kahgs g kdpn`ta gstëtkà gh gc ghtarha.

DGZ@CNP WPWNCGP LG _GPKLWAP PGVN_NLAP GH A_KIGH (Nlnptnla n Vgrú)

@AH\GHGLA_ > 8 Dntgrkncgs Khariîhkàs (Vnpgc, `nr tðh, pcîstkàs, vklrkas, cntns)

@AH\GHGLA_ ? 8 Dntgrkncgs ariîhkàs (rgskluas lg jnrläh, rgskluas lg àdkln)@AH\GHGLA_ 0 8 _gskluas Okaàhtndkhlas (Vnpgc lg onþa) - Lkrg`tndghtg n _Pn.@AH\GHGLA_ < 8 Uacudkhasas y __ gspg`kncgs@AH\GHGLA_ 7 8 _gskluas Vgckirasas (n trntnrsg gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs)

Nlk`kahncdghtg sg lgog lgtgrdkhnr cn àdokhn`kðh lg cas dntgrkncgs qug ccginrîh ghlkstkhtns ern``kahgs n cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta, lg gsn dnhgrn sg lgtgrdkhnrî cn `nhtk-lnl lg cähgns khlkvkluncgs pnrn `nln tkpa lg àdokhn`kðh lg _gskluas. \nhta gc `nsalg __ sgpnrnlas gh arkigh àda gh cas ha sgcg``kahnlas, sg lgogrî `ncùcnrcn `nhtklnl lg cähgns khlkvkluncgs lkvklkghla gc t ahgcnjg tatnc rg`gp`kahnla par län a par barn y par tkpa ghtrg gc rghlkdkghta lg `nln cähgn (vgr eðrducn).

\ah./b.

_C H¶C4

rgskluas uronhasha sgcg` kahnlas

zahn lg rg`gp kðh (easa lg lgs`nrin)

sgpnrn kðh par tndnþa - `rkonla (trðdgc)

sgpnrn kðh lg dntgrkn ariîhk n (tradgc)

radpglarn lg oacsns (gh trðdgc)

trðdgc lg rgpnrta

sgpnrn kðh dnhunc

pcîstkàs

pcnhtn lgpcîstkàs prghsnla & gdpn`nla trkturnla & nàpka

ncdn`ghnla gh àhtghglar ncdn`ghnla gh oncns

vghtn y àdgr`knckzn kðh _Pn

kh`khgrnlarn

dgtncgsegrrasas

dgtncgsha egrrasas

vklrkas rg`bnzapnpgc & nrtðhtgtrnpnm

pcnhtn lgvacudkhasas

s g p n r n ` k ð h d n i h ë t k ` n

pcnhtn lgàdpastnjg

rgskluas uronhassgpnrnlas gh arkigh

khariîhkàs ariîhkàs okaàhtndkhnlas

>6> >6?



VNPA ?

Klghtk`nr talas cas ujas lg rgskluas a dntgrkncgs qug ghtrnh a sncgh nc skstgdn,

gs lg`kr cn nhtklnl tatnc ighgrnln lg rgskluas. (Ighgrn`kðh tatnc lg nln uhn lg cns

ern``kahgs lg rgskluas, sgpnrnlas a ha gh arkigh).

VNPA 0

Kdpck`n cn pnck`n`kðh lg gù`n`kahgs lg oncnh`g lg dnsns, uyn gxprgskðh skdpck-

`nln gs:

N@WDWCN@KÐH 4 GH\_NLN - PNCKLN + IGHG_N@KÐH

VNPA <@ahskstg gh gc lgsnrracca lg tnsn lg nrin lg dntgrkncgs pnrn nln uha lg cas pnsas

y apgrn`kahgs lg pra`gsndkghta utkckznhla gc oncnh`g lg dnsns. Ighgrncdghtg cn

`nhtklnl lg rgskluas ghtrginlas gh uh län sg gxprgsnh gh \ah./l.

Cns apgrn`kahgs oîsk`ns, lgogh gspg`k`nrsg gh \ah./b. par ca qug lgogh àhvgrtkrsg

tghkghla gh unhtn gc län cnoarnc geg`tkva, qug pnrn khstncn`kahgs dnhuncgs rahln gh

9 b./l. y pnrn khstncn`kahgs dg`îhk`ns gh >5 b./l.= tadnhla gh unhtn cas lgs`nhsas

y përlklns gh uhn täpk`n jarhnln cnoarnc lg 2 b./l.

Pk sg supahg qug gc húdgra tatnc lg barns lg apgrn`kðh nhunc gs >2?6 b., cn tnsn lg

`nrin (a pra`gsndkghta)par barn sg rgprgsghtn ah cn skiukghtg gxprgskðh:

<.7 \rnznla lgc skstgdn y lksgþa

Gc trnznla y lksgþa lg cns khstncn`kahgs lg gcnoarn`kðh lgpghlgrî lg cas tkpas y `nh-

tklnlgs lg dntgrkns pra`gsnlas. Cas en`targs dîs kdpartnhtgs gh gc trnznla y lksgþa

lg skstgdns kh`cuygh:

n. Dëtalas y dglkas qug sg vn n utkckznr pnrn ccgvnr cas rgskluas n cn khstncn`kðh.

o. Gstkdn`kahgs lg tnsns lg ghtrgin lg dntgrkncgs

`. Lghk`kðh lg cns tnsns lg nrin lg dntgrkncgsl. Lgsnrracca lg eardns lg uja y dnhkpucn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs lghtra lg cn KPV_.

g. Lgsnrracca lg rktgrkas lg rghlkdkghta pnrn cn sgcg``kðh lg gqukpndkghta g khstncn-

`kahgs.

@ada bny tnhtns adokhn`kahgs paskocgs pnrn nirupnr cas pra`gsas lg sgpnrn`kðh, gs

gxtrgdnlndghtg kdpartnhtg khspg``kahnr tnhtns khstncn`kahgs gh apgrn`kðh ada sgn

paskocg nhtgs lg lg`klkrsg par uh lksgþa hnc.

@lr.?2 En`targs lg rgùpgrn`kðh pnrndntgrkncgs sgpnrnlas gh arkigh.

UNCA_GP V_ADGLKA

- \nsn geg`tkvn lg barns lg trnonja dnhunc (jarhnln 2b.)

9 b./l.

- \nsn geg`tkvn lg barns lg trnonja dg`îhkà (jarhnln 2b.)

>5 b./l.

- \nsn lg `nrin pradglka par cähgnlg pra`gsndkghta dnhunc

?7 \ah./b.

- \nsn lg `nrin pradglka par cähgnlg pra`gsndkghta dg`îhk`n

77 \ah./b.

- \nsn lg `nrin par trnonjnlardnhunc

?.7 \ah./trno./barn.

- Húdgra pradglka lg trnonjnlargs dnhuncgs par cähgn

>6 trno./cähgn.

- En`targs dîqukhn - badorg

?.?2

- En`targs lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg hasgh rkon

* >7 d. 4 6.97* 26 `d. 4 6.<6

<.0 \nsns lg rgùpgrn kðh lg dntgrkncgs

Gc rghlkdkghta lg cns KPV_ sg prgsghtn ada uhn tnsn lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs

qug ha gs dîs qug cn geg`tkvklnl y ncklnl gh gc dntgrknc sgpnrnla, y oîsk`ndghtg gs

gc pralu`ta lg trgs en`targs ada sg dugstrn gh cn gùn`kðh:

Lahlg:

EN@\A_ LG @ADVAPK@KÐH 4 Ern``kðh lgc adpahghtg lg _gskluas gh cn

tatncklnl lg cas rgskluas.

EN@\A_ LG _G@WVG_N@KÐH 4 Ern``kðh lgc dntgrknc rgùpgrnla dglknhtg uhn

apgrn`kðh oîsk`n a prairndn lg rg`k`cnjg.

EN@\A_ LG VN_\K@KVN@KÐH 4 Ern``kðh lgc púockà qug pnrtk`kpn gh uh

prairndn lg rg`k`cnjg.

@ah gstas trgs lntas vnrkas nutargs bnh ccginla n gcnoarnr uhn tnocn lg vncargs

pradglka qug sah usnlas nc dadghta lg lksgþnr cas gspn`kas lg cns khstncn`kahgs,

tndnþa lgc gqukpndkghta (gqukpas y dnqukhnrkn) y ahtkghgh cns tnsns pradglka lg

rgùpgrn`kðh lg rgskluas sgpnrnlas gh arkigh.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

EN@\A_GP LG _G@WVG_N@KÐH VN_N DN\G_KNCGP PGVN_NLAP GH A_KIGHVar`ghtnjgs lg _gùpgrn`kðh (%)

\KVA LG DN\G_KNC _NHIA \ÄVK@A

Vnpgc dgz`cnla <6 - 56 76

@nrtðh ?7 - <6 06

Vcîstkàs dgz`cnlas 06 - 96 76

Uklrka 76 - 26 57

Cntns lg bajncntn 96 - 27 26

Cntns lg ncudkhka 27 - ;7 ;6

<.< Oncnh`g lg dnsns y tnsns lg `nrin

Whn vgz lgsnrraccnla gc lknirndn lg uja y trns aha`gr cas en`targs lg rgùpgrn`kðhlg cas dntgrkncgs, gc skiukghtg pnsa gs, gstkdnr cns nhtklnlgs lg dntgrkncgs qug sg

pra`gsnrîh, qug sg rg upgrnrîh y sg rg`bnznrîh lg dnhgrn n prkark. Cns `npn`klnlgs

gspgrnlns lgc pra`gsa (nbarn y gh gc eutura) lgogh aha`grsg pnrn sgcg``kahnr y

lgtgrdkhnr gc tndnþa lg cas gspn`kas y lgc gqukpndkghta.

VNPA >

Lghkr cn npn`klnl y cädktgs lgc skstgdn, gs lg`kr lghkr cns paocn`kahgs qug

bnorgdas lg sgrvkr, pnrn snogr n kgh`kn kgrtn cn nhtklnl lg bnoktnhtgs, sus tnsns lg

`rg`kdkghta y tnsns lg ighgrn`kðh, tala prayg`tnla tnhta gh gc dadghta lgc îcùca

àda n eutura (tkgdpa lg vkln lg cns khstncn`kahgs).

\nsn lg rgùpgrn`kðhlg dntgrkncgs 4 En`tar lg

àdpask`kðh • •En`tar lgrgùpgrn`kðh

En`tar lgpnrtk`kpn`kðh

\nsn lg nrin tah./b. 4Húdgra lg tah./nþa (a tah./län)

>2?6 b./nþa (u b./l.) lg pra`gsndkghta

>60 >6<



>/ Vrg-pra`gsndkghta lg rgskluas

?/ Lgsàdpask`kðh ngraokn lg cn ern``kðh ariîhk`n lg _W

0/ Vrgpnrn`kðh y adgr`knckzn`kðh lgc pralu`ta

Gh gc V_G-V_A@GPNDKGH\A sah pnsas gsgh`kncgs cn: rg`gp`kðh, cn sgpnrn`kðh lg

dntgrkncgs rgùpgrnocgs, cn rglu``kðh lg tndnþa y gc njustg lg cns prapkglnlgs lg cas

__ (g.i.: rgcn`kðh nroaha-hktrðigha, nlk`kðh lg budglnl y hutrkghtgs, gt`.) Du`bns

vg`gs gstg prgpra`gsndkghta sg rgnckzn gh cns KPV_ nhtgs lg pnsnr n cns khstncn`kahgs

lg adpastnjg y lgsàdpask`kðh.

Vnrn udpckr gc pnsa lg cn LGP@ADVAPK@KÐH, sg bnh lgsnrraccnla vnrkns të`hk`ns

qug kh`cuygh: BKCG_NP, VKCNP GP\Î\K@NP [ @ADVAP\NJG GH OKA__GN@-

\A_.

Cn V_GVN_N@KÐH y @ADG_@KNCKZN@KÐH lgc adpast, gc tgr`gr pnsa gh gc

pra`gsa, tkghg cuinr uhn vgz ùrnla y gstnokckznla gc àdpast, nuhqug gh nc n`tun-

cklnl ha bny hkhiuhn lghk`kðh uhkvgrsncdghtg n`gptnln saorg ca qug ahstktuyg

uh adpast tatncdghtg gstnokckznla. Gstg pra`gsa lg prgpnrn`kðh puglg kh`cukr: cn

trkturn`kðh hn, rkonla, cnsk`n`kðh hgudîtk`n, lask`n`kðh lg nlktkvas, irnhucnla,

pugstn gh snàs, ncdn`ghndkghta, trnhspartg y vghtn lkrg`tn.

@lr.?; @adpnrn`kðh ghtrg pra`g-sas lg àdpastnjg ngraoka ynhngraoka.


@lr.06 Lknirndn lg uja lgc pra`gsa

lg àdpastnjg ngraoka.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn. ?6>6.

@ahvgrskðhokacðik n lg rgskluasLghtra lg cn ahvgrskðh okacðik`n lg rgskluas ghàhtrndas las irnhlgs pra`gsas lgàhvgrskðh: gc ngraoka y gc nhngraoka. @nln uha lg gstas pra`gsas aerg`g lkstkhtns

vghtnjns. Gh ighgrnc gc euh`kahndkghta lg cas pra`gsas nhngraokas gs dîs adpcgja

qug gc lg cas pra`gsas ngraokas. Pkh gdonria cas pra`gsas nhngraokas aerg`gh gc

oghg`ka lg cn rgùpgrn kðh ghgriëtk`n gh eardn lg ins dgtnha y par ca tnhta sah

pralu`targs hgtas lg ghgriän.

Var atrn pnrtg, cas pra`gsas ngraokas sah ahsudklargs hgtas lg ghgriän parqug bny

qug sudkhkstrnr axäigha pnrn cn ahvgrskðh lg rgskluas, pgra aerg`gh cn vghtnjn lg

uh euh`kahndkghta rgcntkvndghtg sgh`kcca, y sk sg apgrnh arrg`tndghtg puglgh rglu-

`kr skihk`ntkvndghtg gc vacudgh lg cn par`kðh ariîhk`n lg cas _W.

@ADVN_N@KÐH GH\_G V_A@GPAP LG @ADVAP\NJG NG_AOKA [ NHNG_AOKA

@nrn`tgrästk`n Vra`gsas NG_AOKAP Vra`gsas NHNG_AOKAP

W sa g hgr ië tk` a @a hs udk lar hgt a l g ghg riä n V ral u t ar hgta lg ghgr iä nVralu`tas hncgs Budus, @A?, B?A Enhias, @A?, @B<

_glu``kðh lg vacudgh Bnstn 76 % Bnstn 76 %

\kgdpa lg pra`gsndkghta ?6 - 06 läns ?6 - <6 läns

Aojgtkva prkdnrka _glu``kðh lg vacudgh Vralu``kðh lg ghgriän

Aoj gt kv a s g uh ln rk a Vra lu ` kð h l g adpa st_glu``kðh lg vacudgh Gstnokckzn`kðh lg rgskluas

>. @adpastnjg ngraoka lg rgskluas ariîhk as

Gc adpastnjg ngraoka gs gc pra`gsa okacðikà dns ergùghtgdghtg utkckznla pnrn cn

àhvgrskðh lg cn ern``kðh ariîhk`n lg _W n uh dntgrknc búdkà gstnocgs aha`kla

àda @ADVAP\. Cns paskocgs eughtgs lg rgskluas pnrn gc adpastnjg ngraoka

kh`cuygh:

>/ rgskluas lg jnrläh?/ _W sgpnrnlas

0/ _W ha sgcg` kahnlas

</ @adpastnjg àhjuhta àh enhias lg niuns rgskluncgs

>.>. Lgs`rkp kðh lgc pra`gsa (lknirndn lg uja)

\alas cas pra`gsas lg adpastnjg ngraoka sah skdkcnrgs gh unhta qug khàrparnh

trgs pnsas oîskàs:

KU.k - ?

rgskluas ariîhk aspravghkghtgs lg KPV_

zahn lg rg`gp kðh &trkturn kðh

egrdghtn kðh ydnlurn kðh

Nha lg adpast orutagh trðdgcgs y dgsns

lghskdëtrk ns

Ncdn ghnjg lgàdpast pnrn vghtn

àhtrac lg acargsgh okactras

rgiucn kðh lg nkrgn kðhy budg tn kðh

rgccgha snhktnrka_Pn

rg`bnzas lg pra`gsa

>67 >65



N dghula sg aca`n gh`kdn lg cn pkcn rg`kghtgdghtg eardnln uhn npn lg adpast

`rkonla pnrn gc ahtrac lg acargs.

Hardncdghtg sg prapar`kahn n `nln pkcn uh khyg`tar lg nkrg khlkvklunc pnrn uh

àhtrac dîs g`nz lg cn nkrgn`kðh. Pg khtralu`g gc nkrg pnrn prapar`kahnr gc axäigha

hg`gsnrka pnrn cn ahvgrskðh okacðik`n y pnrn ahtracnr cn tgdpgrnturn lghtra lg cn

pkcn. Gc dntgrknc sg egrdghtn lg 0 n < sgdnhns y sg ùrn par atrns 0 a < sgdnhns dîs.

>.0 \ë`hk`ns lg àdpastnjg `grrnla gh rgn`tar

Gc adpastnjg gh rgn`tar sg ccgvn n noa lghtra lg uh ahtghglar a rg`kpkghtg grrn-

la. Khàrparnh gc usa lg skstgdns dg`nhkznlas pnrn dkhkdkznr cas acargs y gc tkgdpa

lg gcnoarn`kðh dglknhtg gc ahtrac lg ahlk`kahgs ndokghtncgs ada uja lg nkrg,

tgdpgrnturn y ah`ghtrn`kðh lg axäigha.

Cas skstgdns lg adpastnjg gh rgn`targs sg puglgh cnsk`nr sgiúh:

CN EA_DN @ÐDA PG DWGUG GC DN\G_KNC:

>/ _gn`targs lg uja vgrtk`nc

?/ _gn`targs lg uja barkzahtnc

0/ _gn`targs skh uja (skstgdns skh niktn`kðh a skstgdns àdpn`tas )

CN @KHË\K@N LGC PKP\GDN

>/ Gstîtkàs (lurnhtg gc pra`gsa ha tkghg cuinr hkhiuhn dgz`cn lg cas dntgrkncgs)

?/ Lkhîdkàs (gs paskocg cn dgz`cn lg dntgrkncgs)

n. @adpastnjg gh rgn targs (túhgcgs)

Vnrn gstg skstgdn, sg nrin cn onsurn ruln gh ahtghglargs qug ughtnh ah uh

gqukpa pnrn dglkr cns ahlk`kahgs ntdaseërk`ns lghtra lgc ahtghglar, ah gc h lg

aotghgr nkrgn`kðh y budglg`kdkghta lg dnhgrn ðptkdn. @ah gstg njustg, sg n`gcgrn gc

pra`gsa lg prg-egrdghtn`kðh y lg egrdghtn`kðh khtghskvn.

Gxkstgh ahtghglargs ah dnqukhnrkn lg dgz`cn/ rgvugctn y atras qug sg apgrnh

su`gskvndghtg. Cas lgsg`bas sg quglnh gh gc ahtghglar pnrn > - ? sgdnhns.

Lgspuës, gc adpast tkgrha sgrî lgjnla n uhn cnrin egrdghtn`kðh gh pkcns.

Gc adpastnjg gh ahtghglargs sg puglg rgnckznr duy gxkocgdghtg.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

@ADVAP\NJG GH BKCG_NP LGNC\A _GHLKDKGH\A

- Pg``kðh trnhsvgrsnc: ?.6 - ?.0 d. (vnrknocg)

- Ncturn lg bkcgrn: <.7 - 7.6 d. (vnrknocg)

- \ndnþa pradglka lg __: ?.7 - 9.7 `d.

- @ahtghkla pradglka lg budg-lnl:76 - 56 %

- \gdpgrnturn pradglka: 77 ¶@ - \kgdpa lg egrdghtn`kðh: 0 - < sgdnhns

- \kgdpa lg urnla y nha: 0 - < sgdnhns

- \kgdpa tatnc lg pralu``kðh: 5 - 2 sgdnhns

Eki.<< Dîqukhn vactgnlarn pnrnàdpastnjg gh bkcgrns lg nctarghlkdkghta.

Eughtg: bttp://prn`tk`ncn`tkah.ari/la`s/tg`bhk`ncQkheardn-tkahQsgrvk`g/rg`y`ckhiQarin-hk`Qwnstg.ple

Eki.<7 Gsqugdn lg Pkstgdn lg àd-pastnjg gh pkcn gstîtk`n nkrgnln.Eughtg: www0.uvn.gs/``Qnirae/gq?@adp.>.la`

>.? \ë`hk`ns lg àdpastnjg nokgrta

Cas las dëtalas prkh`kpncgs lg àdpastnjg utkckznlas n`tuncdghtg puglgh cnsk`nr -

sg ada: niktnla y gstîtkà.

Gh gc dëtala niktnla, sg dugvg pgrkðlk`ndghtg gc dntgrknc qug sg vn n egrdghtnr

pnrn khtralu`kr axäigha, àhtracnr cn tgdpgrnturn y dgz`cnr gc dntgrknc àh gc h lg

aotghgr uh pralu`ta uhkeardg.

Gh gc dëtala gstîtkà, gc dntgrknc qug sg vn n egrdghtnr pgrdnhg`g gstîtkà y gc nkrg

gs khyg`tnla n trnvës lgc dntgrknc egrdghtîhlasg. Cas dëtalas lg adpastnjg gstîtk-

à y niktnla dîs aduhgs sah aha`klas ada lg BKCG_N y lg VKCN GP\Î\K@N,

rgspg`tkvndghtg.

n. @adpastnjg gh bkcgrn

Gs uha lg cas dëtalas dîs nhtkiuas lg àdpastnjg, dglknhtg cn lkspask`kðh lg cas

rgskluas ariîhkàs gh bkcgrns lg ?.7 n 0.6 d. lg ncturn par 9 n ; d. lg nh`burn lg

onsg. Gstg skstgdn gckdkhn acargs rg bnznocgs y gc pra`gsa tadn uh tkgdpa ncia dîs

pracahinla àh rgspg`ta n atras skstgdns.

Vnrn tnc nsa gxkstg gc skstgdn rîpkla lg adpastnjg gh bkcgrns lg ncta rghlkdkghta

àh uhn sg``kðh trnhsvgrsnc lg ? n ?.0 d. lg ncturn par <.7 n 7.6 d. lg nh`ba= pgra

gstns lkdghskahgs puglgh vnrknr sgiúh gc tkpa lg dnqukhnrkn qug sgrî utkckznln gh gc

vactga.

Vrgvkn eardn`kðh lg cn bkcgrns gc dntgrknc lgog sgr trkturnla y rkonla bnstn aotghgr

uh tndnþa pradglka lg __ lg ?.7 n 9.7 `d. y uh ahtghkla lg budglnl lgc 76 -

56%. Gc vactga sg rgnckzn bnstn ? vg`gs par sgdnhn y sg dnhtkghg uhn tgdpgrnturn lg

77 ¶@ nprax. Gc vactga vkghg nàdpnþnla par cn gdkskðh lg acargs eëtklas y dacgs-

tas. cn egrdghtn`kðh adpcgtn tadn ghtrg 0 a < sgdnhns. Lgspuës lg gsg tkgdpa gc

àdpast lgog urnrsg lurnhtg 0 a < sgdnhns dîs skh vactga. Lurnhtg gsg tkgdpa cas

dntgrkncgs ariîhkàs lgsàdpahkocgs rgskluncgs sah rglu`klas dîs par cn n``kðh lg

bahias y n`tkhadk`gtas.

o. @adpastnjg gh pkcn gstîtk n nkrgnln

Eug lgsnrraccnln par cn G stn`kðh Gxpgrkdghtnc lg Pgrvk`kas pnrn cn Khvgstkin`kðh

Niräàcn lgc Lgpnrtndghta lg Nirkùcturn lg WPN aha`kla du`bns vg`gs ada gc

Vra`gsa Ogctsvkccg a N_P.

@ahskstg gh uhn rgl lg tuogräns lg gs`npg a nkrgn`kðh saorg cn unc sg aca`n cn ern`-

`kðh ariîhk`n pra`gsnln lg _W. Cns ncturns sah npraxkdnlndghtg lg ? n ?.7 d.

>69 >62



Eki.<5 \kpa lg _gn`targs @aduhgs(n) _gn`tar Ugrtk`nc uja-pkstðh (o) _gn`tar Barkzahtnc uja-pkstðh (`) _gn`tar vgrtk`nc lkhîdkà ah

dgz`cn.(l) _gn`tar barkzahtnc lkhîdkà

àh dgz`cn.

EÐ_DWCNP

H¶ t 4 Húdgra lg \úhgcgs

U t 4 Uacúdgh lg __ ariîhkàs / län

l t 4 \atnc lg läns par pgrkala (≂>7)

N 4 Nh`ba lg túhgc (Wsnr pradglka)

C 4 Cahiktul lg túhgc (Unrknocg)

- Kdprapkas prgsghtgs gh cn Ern``kðh ariîhk`n >6 %

- _glu``kðh lg vacudgh lg cn gtnpn ?6%

Gh gstn ensg bny qug inrnhtkznr gc nc`nh`g lg uh irnla lg parasklnl su`kghtg, qug

inrnhtk`g uhn ðptkdn krùcn`kðh lgc nkrg khyg`tnla gh cn dnsn lg egrdghtn`kðh.

Ensg lg egrdghtn`kðh n`gcgrnln: lkdghskahnla

Cn ensg lg egrdghtn`kðh tkghg cuinr gh cas túhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh, qug sg lkdgh-

skahnh gh euh`kðh lg cn ghtrnln lg dntgrknc gh gstn ensg.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

- _glu``kðh lg vacudgh gh ensg lg dgz`cn 7%- Vgrkala lg `nrin lg túhgc ? läns/túhgc- \úhgc n ccghnr par sgdnhn 0 túhgc/sgdnhn- Vgrkala lg egrdghtn`kðh >?->7 läns- Lghsklnl pradglka lg __ 6.97 \ah./d0.

LKDGHPKAHGP LG \ÚHGCGP

- Nh`ba pradglka 7.66 d.- Ncturn lgc dntgrknc 0.66 d.- Cahiktul pradglka ?7.66 d.- Uacudgh pradglka 097 d0.

l. Ensg lg DNLW_N@KÐH

Whn vgz ah`cukla gc pra`gsa lg egrdghtn`kðh lg cn dntgrkn ariîhk`n, gc adpast, sg

rgtkrn lg cas túhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh. Gc dntgrknc sg lgspcnzn dglknhtg uhn cähgn lg

trntndkghta qug rgnckzn, n su vgz, uh tndkznla lgc adpast ah uhn dnccn lg 26 dd

lg tndnþa lg pnsa. Lg gstg dala sg cairn uh rghlkdkghta lg sgpnrn`kðh lg khnlg-

ùnlas duy ncta.

Eardn`kðh lg pkcns lg dnlurn`kðhCn ern``kðh nlgùnln bnstn 26 dd pnrn cn ensg lg dnlurn`kðh gs vgrtkln par uhn lg

cns cähgns trnhspartnlarns bn`kn cn hnvg lg dnlurn`kðh dglknhtg cn pncn `nrinlarn.

Uactga lg dnlurn`kðh y rkgia

Cns pkcns sg vactgnrîh y rginrîh ah dîqukhns gspg`kncgs, gh euh`kðh lg cns àhlk-

`kahgs lg tgdpgrnturn y budglnl qug prgsghtgh tghkghla gh ughtn cas rgquksktas

lg nkrgn`kðh, qug sgrîh dîs kdpartnhtgs gh cas prkdgras adpnsgs lg cn lgsàdpa-

sk`kðh.

[n qug sg puglgh apgrnr vnrkas àhtghglargs khlgpghlkghtgs, gs paskocg rgnckznr gc

àdpastnjg lg lkegrghtgs dntgrkncgs gh lkegrghtgs ahtghglargs y nrrgicnr cas pnrî-

dgtras (nkrg, niun) sgiúh cns hg`gsklnlgs gspg`ä`ns.

Cns gdkskahgs sg puglgh ahtracnr duy okgh. Lgc atra cnla, gc skstgdn tkghg nciuhns

lgsvghtnjns. Var gjgdpca, gc asta lg khvgrskðh pnrn cas ahtghglargs gs duy ncta.

Nlgdîs, cas ahtghglargs sah skstgdns sus`gptkocgs n lnþas dg`îhkàs. Pah nptas

pnrn àdpastnr onsurn okalgirnlnocg àh pra`glgh`kn lg cn `cnsk`n`kðh ladk`kckn-

rkn, lgsg`bas lg pnrqugs y jnrlkhgs, lgsg`bas dgz`cnlas ah gstkëràcgs gt`.

>.< Vra`gsa lg àdpastnjg gh rgn`tar (túhgc)

n. _G@GV@KÐH lg dntgrkncgs

Cns pcnhtns lg adpastnjg tkghlgh n lksgþnrsg ahsklgrnhla qug gstîh nokgrtns pnrn

cn rg`gp`kðh y gc trntndkghta lg rgskluas 2 barns nc län, 5 läns n cn sgdnhn. Cn rg-

`gp`kðh sg bn`g lgslg ndkahgs lg rgàikln a lgslg uhn pcnhtn KPV_ qug lgrkvn cas

__ ariîhkàs n gstn.

o.\_K\W_N@KÐH lg cn ern` kðh vgigtnc

Pg lgogrîh trkturnr talas cas rgskluas pravghkghtgs lg cn KPV_ al g cas `ndkahgs lg

rgàikln lg tnc eardn qug gstas dnhtghinh uh tndnþa badaiëhga nhtgs lg prasgiukr

gc pra`gsa. Cn dglkln dähkdn lg cn ern``kðh trkturnln sgrî lg ?6 dd.

. Ensg lg EG_DGH\N@KÐHEnsg lg dgz`cn lgc dntgrknc n adpastnr

Gc adpastnjg adkghzn ah cn dgz`cn lgc dntgrknc lg sapartg a Ern``kðh vgigtnc,

gh cn dksdn zahn lg lgs`nrin.

(n)

(`)

(o)

(l)

Ut• lt • (6.;6)

0.66 (N•C)H¶t4

Dnsn __ (\ah.)

Lghsklnl (\ah./d0)U

t4

>6; >>6



Eki.<9 \úhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh lg cnVcnhtn lg @adpastnjg lg Vkhta.Dnlrkl - Gspnþn. @artgsän lg_@K_ Dnlrkl. ?6>6.

Eki.<2 \úhgcgs lg àdpastnjg pnrnenhias lg lgpurnlarn. GLN_lg \gkn (Onr`gcahn).@artgsän lgL_N@G Dglkandokghtg. ?6>6.

@lr.0> Lntas të`hkàs lgc túhgc lg àd-pastnjg pradglka. ?6>6.

@lr.0? Lntas të`hkàs lg rgàikln lgckxkvknlas, àhlghsnlas lgtúhgc y okactra & skstgdn lg

rkgia lg túhgcgs. ?6>6.

>.7 Igstkðh lg cns niuns y gdkskahgs lgc pra`gsa

n. Khighkgrän lgc \úhgcCas túhgcgs gstîh ahstruklas gh bardkiðh. Gh gc sugca, onja cn pkcn lg àdpast,

gstîh khstncnlas uhn sgrkg lg tuoas pnrncgcas lg vghtkcn`kðh n ca cnria lg nln túhgc.

Gstas tuoas bnh skla tncnlrnlas ighgrnhla niujgras lg pgqugþa lkîdgtra (>6 dd)

gh cas spkiats ghàcnlas n cas tuoas. Cas spkiats sah pgqugþns taogrns nlgcinznlns

gh cn onsg qug sg utkckznh pnrn sapcnr nkrg. Lurnhtg gc pra`gsa, uh vghtkcnlar sapcn

nkrg n trnvës lg uhn îdnrn lg sgpnrn`kðh lg nkrg gh cas tuoas par lgonja lgc túhgclg adpastnjg. Nc hnc lgc túhgc cas tuoas vnh uhklas n uh lgpðskta lg àhlghsn`kðh

gc unc gs njustnla ah uhn vîcvucn lg kgrrg lg niun. Cns taogrns lg cas spkiats sah

nlgcinznlns pnrn prgvghkr ocaqugas. Gh cn pnrtg supgrkar lgc túhgc, bn skla ahg`tnla

uh tuoa lg ra`knlar pnrn npartnr budglnl.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

o. Igstkðh lg cns NIWNP _GPKLWNCGP

Cas ckxkvknlas lg cn zahn lg prg-trntndkghta pra`glgh euhlndghtncdghtg lg cns

cnoargs lg ckdpkgzn. Gc niun lg ckdpkgzn sg lkcuyg ah cas ckxkvknlas rgutkckzîhlasg

pastgrkardghtg. Gh gc `nsa lg uhn nvgrän lgc skstgdn lg oadoga lg cas ckxkvknlas a

lg cas gx`glghtgs sg pra`glgrî nc ghväa lgc ahtghkla n cn Khstncn`kðh lg \rntndkghta

lg Ckxkvknlas.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

Cas vactgas lgc dntgrknc sg rgnckznrîh ah uhn pgrkalk`klnl sgdnhnc.

Lurnhtg gc pgrkala lg 5 n 2 sgdnhns qug lurn gc pra`gsa lg dnlurn`kðh, sg tghlrîh

qug vactgnr pgrkðlk`ndghtg ah uhn ergùgh`kn gspg`ä`n sgiúh nc sgdnhn gh cn

qug sg ghùghtrg gc pra`gsa. Gh cns < prkdgrns sgdnhns sg rgnckzn uh vactga sgdn-

hnc, pnsnhla n rgnckznrsg uh vactga `nln >7 läns gc rgsta lgc tkgdpa. Gc rkgia sgrî

skductîhga ah gc vactga.

- _glu``kðh lg vacudgh lg cn gtnpn ?6%

- Vgrkala lg dnlurn`kðh 5 - 2 sgdnhns

g. Ensg lg NEKHA

Whn vgz qug sg bn udpckla >6 sgdnhns lg dnlurn`kðh, gc dntgrknc sg trnscnln

bn`kn cn tacvn lg cn cähgn lg nha, pra`gsa qug palrî ccgvnr ghtrg > y ? läns.

Nckdghtn`kðh lg trðdgc pnrn ern``kðh hn - \ndkznla lg >7 dd

Pg vkgrtg gc adpast dnlurnla y gstnokckznla lghtra lg cn tacvn gh cn qug bny uhn

`khtn trnhspartnlarn qug nckdghtn lkrg`tndghtg gc trðdgc lg nhnla, pnrn sadgtgrsg

n uh nha ah gc h lg gckdkhnr cns kdpurgzns qug prgsghtg.

Pgpnrn`kðh lg cn ern``kðh ckigrn

Cn sgpnrn`kðh lg cn ern``kðh ckigrn, ada sah cas pcîstkàs prkh`kpncdghtg, sg nspk-

rnrnh lg cn khtn lg trnhspartg lg cn ern``kðh dnyar lg >7 dd qug sncg lgc trðdgc

y qug sg trntn ada Ern``kðh Ugigtnc n rg`krùcnr. Gstg rg`bnza gs trnhspartnla nc

àhlghsnlar ratntkva qug cas lg`nhtnrî saorg uh ahtghglar. Gc pacva rgsuctnhtg lg

cn nspkrn`kðh pnsnrî n uh ctra lg dnhins.

Pgpnrn`kðh lg pacva y ern``kðh pgsnln

Cn ern``kðh lg adpast dnlurnla lg lkîdgtra ghvacvghtg khegrkar n >6 dd gs

trnhspartnla bn`kn cn dgsn lghskdëtrk`n, lahlg sg sgpnrn lg cn ern``kðh pgsnln y

lgc pacva. Cn ern``kðh pgsnln sg vgrtgrî saorg uh ahtghglar, gc unc puglg sgr rg-

àikla par uh ndkðh lg pkhzns y trnhspartnla nc vgrtglgra, dkghtrns qug gc pacva

sgrî ahtracnla dglknhtg uh ctra lg dnhins, gc unc sg trntnrî ada rgsklua ha

gspg`knc y trnhspartnla nc vgrtglgra.

@nrin y trnhspartg lgc ahtghglar lg rg`bnza ckigra

Whn vgz gstë ccgha gc ahtghglar lg rgskluas ckigras, sg nrinrî dglknhtg uh

`ndkðh lg inh`ba y sgrî trnhspartnla bn`kn gc vgrtglgra. Atrn ap`kðh n gsàigr

palrän sgr trnscnlnr gc rgsklua bnstn cn cähgn nuxkcknr pnrn pra`glgr n ncdn`ghnrca ghàhtghglargs lg <6 d0 y adpn`tnrca pnrn dkhkdkznr gc vacudgh n trnhspartnr.

@nrin y trnhspartg lgc ahtghglar lg rg`bnza pgsnla

Pg pra`glgrî kiunc qug gh gc npnrtnla nhtgrkar.

\rnscnla lgc adpast pnrn ncdn`ghnjg

Gc adpast hnc rgsuctnhtg lg cn dgsn lghskdëtrk`n sg krî trnscnlnhla dglknhtg cn

pncn `nrinlarn n cn zahn lg ncdn`ëh lg àdpast.

PWGCA VG_EA_NLA

Ppkiats \uogräns Vugrtns *

\kpa Y\\ Lkîdgtra LN >56 Lkdghskahgs prad. 7.6> x 7.67 d.

Dntgrknc VU@ Dntgrknc VU@ Dntgrknc VW

Irugsa ? dd. @cnsg <> Dntg rknc Kh tgrkar Khaxklnocg

DahtnjgPkstgdn @CK@M& ghàcnr

Dntg rknc G xtgr kar Vcnstksacg

* Gstîh kh`cuklas las skstgdns bklrîuckàs pnrn gc lgspcnzndkghta

\ÚHGCGP & OKAEKC\_A

Gstîh kh`cuklns talns cns tuogräns y cns dk`ravîcvucns (spkiats). Pg dah-tnh gh cn aorn y sg rgccghn gc sugca àh bardkiðh

_G@AIKLN LG CKRKUKNLAP [ @AHLGHPNLAP LG CAP \ÚHGCGP [ OKAEKC\_AP: PKP\GDN LG _KGIA GH \ÚHGCGP

P ks tgd n l g r kg ia gh cas tú hgc gs * P ks tgd n l g c kd pk gzn lg ck xk vk nl as @ nhn cg s l g s nc kl n l gc a hl gh sn lar

@npn`klnl Oadon 06 d0./ b. @np n k ln l Oadon >6- >7 d0./ b. D nt gr kn c VU@

Vatgh kn 9,7 mYb. @npn`. @rkon Nrà >?->7 d0./b. Cahiktul tatnc 56 d. nprax.

Dntgrknc II Dntgrknc Khaxklnocg

@ahtrac Hgudîtkà Dntgrknc tuoa VV/VU@

Dntgrknc \uogrän VV * @nln túhgc tkghg su prapka skstgdn lg rkgia. Gc niun vkghg lg cnoncsn lg ckxkvknlas. Cn ncklnl lgog sgr dglkn ncklnl. \ala gc skstgdngstî ahtracnla par gc arlghnlar lgc pra`gsa.@npn klnl p/Khyg tar >,7 d0./b.

>>> >>?



Eki.<; (Vîikhn Apugstn)Lgtnccg lg Uactgnlarn gh túhg-cgs lkhîdkàs lg dnlurn`kðh.Eughtg \N_PN ?669: bttp://www.tnrsn?669.àd/àdpastn-

jg\uhgcgs.btdc

Eki.76 (Vîikhn Apugstn)@adpnrtkdghta lg nkrgn`kðh yokactras lg cn Vcnhtn lg @ad -pastnjg lg Pncndnh`n - Gspnþn.

@artgsän lg Dgtra@adpast:bttp://www.dgtraàdpast.àd/gs/rgegrgh`kns><.btd

@lr.00 Lntas të`hkàs lgc Pkstgdn lgvghtkcn`kðh, Budklk`n`kðh, Pks-

tgdn lg gherkndkghta y @ckdntk-zn`kðh lg cn hnvg lg nkrgn`kðhlg \úhgcgs lg adpastnjg.?6>6.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

?. Lkigstkðh nhngraokn gh onjn àh`ghtrn kðh

A OKADG\NHKZN@KÐH GH ONJN @AH@GH\_N@KÐH.Gs uh pra`gsa okacðikà gh gc unc sg egrdghtnh cas rgskluas ariîhkàs gh ah`gh-

trn`kahgs lg sðcklas kiuncgs a dghargs qug gc < - 2 %. Gstg pra`gsa sg utkckzn pnrn

ighgrnr ins dgtnha n pnrtkr lg __ budnhas, nhkdncgs, niräàcns y n pnrtkr lg ern`-

`kðh ariîhk`n. Cn lgsvghtnjn gs qug sg tkghg qug nirginr ahsklgrnocgs nhtklnlgs lg

niun, qug pralu`g pastgrkardghtg uh enhia lkcukla qug bny qug lgsbklrntnr nhtgs lg

su gvnùn`kðh.

?.> Lgs`rkp kðh lgc pra`gsa (lknirndn lg uja)

Bny 0 pnsas oîskàs kdpck`nlas unhla sg utkckzn gc pra`gsa lg lkigstkðh gh onjn

àh`ghtrn`kðh pnrn pralu`kr dgtnha:

VNPA >

Vrgpnrn`kðh lg cn ern``kðh ariîhk`n (rg`gp`kðh, sgcg``kðh, sgpnrn`kðh y rglu``kðh lg

tndnþa).

VNPA ?

Kdpck`n cn nlk`kðh lg budglnl y lg hutrkghtgs, cn dgz`cn , gc njustg lgc pB bnstn

npraxkdnlndghtg 5.2 y gc ncghtndkghta lg cn dnsn búdgln ghtrg 77¶@ y 56 ¶@. C n

lkigstkðh nhngraokn sg ccgvn n noa lghtra lg uh okarrgn`tar lg uja àhtkhua, uya

àhtghkla sg dgz`cn adpcgtndghtg.

Gh cn dnyarän lg cns apgrn`kahgs gc ahtghkla gh budglnl y cas hutrkghtgs rgqug-

rklas sg nþnlgh n cas rgskluas qug sg vnh n pra`gsnr, gh eardn lg enhias lg niuns

rgskluncgs a lg gstkëràc lg vn`n.

. Gc skstgdn lgNK_GN@KÐH (àhtrac lg acargs)

Gc skstgdn lg nkrgn`kðh gstî njustnla pnrn rgnr lg eardn ahstnhtg gc uja lg nkrg

nlgùnla n trnvës lgc dntgrknc n sgr adpastnla. Cn tgdpgrnturn lgc adpast puglg

sgr ahtracnln dglknhtg cn rgiucn`kðh lgc nulnc lg nkrg. Gc nkrg ergsà pnrn cas túhg-

cgs sg gvnùn lgslg gc glk`ka utkckznhla uh skstgdn lg ahlu`tas lg nkrg. Gc pra`gsa

pnsn par uh cnvnlar parqug gc nkrg puglg gstnr ahtndkhnla àh daba y on`tgrkns.

Gc nkrg lg cas túhgcgs pnsn n trnvës lg uh budklk`nlar y sg ctrn dglknhtg uh okac-

tra. Ekhncdghtg, gc nkrg sncg lgc glk`ka. Pg ighgrn uhn prgskðh hgintkvn gh gc glk`ka

pnrn qug ha sncinh cas dncas acargs y gc nkrg àhtndkhnla.

l. Okaectra

Nhtgs lg qug gc nkrg rgàikla lg lgs`nrin pnsg par gc okactra, sg budglg`g ah

niun par dglka lgc budklk`nlar. Wh ncta hkvgc lg budglnl lgc nkrg gs gsgh`knc

pnrn gc àrrg`ta euh`kahndkghta lgc okactra.

Gc budklk`nlar ahskstg gh uhn îdnrn ah taogrns lg ra`äa, lg eardn qug gc uja

lg nkrg pnsn barkzahtncdghtg y gc ra`knlar budglg`g gc nkrg. Gstg nkrg sg iuän bnstn

gc okactra pnrn rglu`kr cas dncas acargs nhtgs lg qug sgn lgs`nrinla bn`kn gc gxtg -

rkar. Cn ahtndkhn`kðh lgc nkrg gs nlsarokln par gc dntgrknc lg rgccgha lgc okactra.

Paorg gc okactra rg`g uhn okapgcäùcn qug lgpurn gc nkrg ntn`nhla cn ahtndkhn-

`kðh. Vnrn qug cn okapgcäùcn sg dnhtghin sg tkghgh qug udpckr uhns ahlk`kahgs lg

budglnl, nsä qug gc hkvgc lgc budglnl lgc okactra lgog rahlnr ghtrg gc 76% y 96%.

Pg rgàdkghln rginr gc okactra ah niun ckdpkn ah rgiucnrklnl pnrn quktnr gc

ghvghghndkghta lg ndahknà. Cn tgdpgrnturn ðptkdn pnrn gc dntgrknc lgc okactra

gs lg 06-<6 º@, par lgonja lg cas >7 º@ gc pra`gsa lg ahvgrskðh sg pnrn nuhqug gc

dntgrknc ha dugrg n gsn tgdpgrnturn.

PKP\GDN LG UGH\KCN@KÐH

@nhnc lg ns pk rn`k ðh hnvg ghtr nc @nhnc ght rnc lg nkrg ergs a @nhnc ghtr nc lg nkrg lg snck ln

Lkdghskahgs ?76-266 dd. Lkdghskahgs > ?76->?76 dd. Lkdghskahgs >?76->?76 dd.

Cahiktul <6 - 56 Cahiktul 06d. nprax. Cahiktul 06d. nprax.

UGH\KCNLA_ LG PNCKLN BWDG@\NLA_ (P@_WOOG_) PKP\GDN LG GHE_KNDKGH\A

@npn`klnl tatnc6-<7666d0./b. ?766VN

Lkdghskahgs 7666 x >6666x >0666 dd. Lkdghskahgs >766 x >766 x

?766 dd

\ghskðh lg sgr-vk`ka

?06/<66 U,76 Bz

Budglnl lg nkrglg snckln ;2 % nprax. Euh kahndkghta Nkrg/Niun/Nkrg

Vatgh`kn khstn-cnln 09 mYb. /u Vask`kðh Barkzahtnc Vask`kðh Ugrtk`nc

Dntgrknc Khaxklnocg Dntgrknc Bardkiðh Vatgh`kn Khstncnln ? x 0 mYb.

E cu ja lg niun 06- <6 d0./b .

@CKDN\KZNLA_ LG CN HNUG LG NK_GN@KÐH

Gc nkrg lg cn hnvg lg ghtrnln y gc nkrg lg snckln lg cas t úhgcgs sg dgz`cnhgh cn sncn lg cas vghtkcnlargs lgtrîs lg cas túhgcgs.Lgspuës sg dnhln gc nkrg nc okactra.

>>0 >><



?.? @ahsklgrn kahgs lg lksgþa lgc pra`gsa

@AHPKLG_N@KAHGP LG LKPGÞA VN_NLKIGP\KÐH NHNG_AOKN GH ONJN @AH@GH\_N@KÐH 0<

@adpahghtg lg rgskluas Aosgrvn kahgs

\ndnþa lg dntgrkncCas __ qug sg vnh n lkigrkr lgogränh trkturnrsg bnstnuh tndnþa qug ha khtgrgrn gc euh`kahndkghta g`nzlg cns apgrn`kahgs lg oadoga y dgz`cn.

Gqukpndkghta lg dgz`cnlaVnrn cairnr rgsuctnlas ðptkdas y pnrn gvktnr cn nùdu-cn`kðh lg npns lg kdpurgzns, sg rgàdkghln dgz`cn-la dg`îhkà.

Var`ghtnjg lg __ ariîhkàsdgz`cnlas àh enhias

Nuhqug sg bnh utkckznla uhns `nhtklnlgs lg __ qugvnränh lgslg gc 76 nc ;6%, gc 56% pnrg`g sgr cn pra-

par`kðh klðhgn.

\kgdpa dglka lg rgtgh`kðh bklrîuck`n

Gc tkgdpa dähkda gstî gh gc rnhia l g 0 n < läns.Wtkckznr lg >6 n ?6 läns pnrn gc lksgþa, a onsnrca ghgstulkas pkcata.

\nsn lg nrinLg 6.5 n >.5 Mi. / d0 • l. N`tuncdghtg ha gstî lghk-la. Pg bn kheardnla lg tnsns skihk`ntkvndghtg dîsnctns.

@ah ghtrn kðh lg sðcklas Kiunc a dghar qug lgc 2 - >6% (< - 2% , vncar täpk a)

\gdpgrnturnLg 06 ¶@ - 02¶@ pnrn uh rgn`tar dgsaeäckà y ghtrg77¶@ - 56¶@ pnrn uh rgn`tar tgrdaeäckà. 0<

Lgstru``kðh lg rgskluas vacîtkcgs

Lgpghlg lg cn hnturncgzn lg cns nrn`tgrästk`ns lg cas__. Unrän nprax. lgslg gc 56 - 26%= gc 96% puglgutkckznrsg pnrn prapðsktas lg gstkdn`kðh.

Pðcklas tatncgs lgstruklasUnrän lgslg gc <6 - 56%, sgiúh cn nhtklnl lgc dntgrknckhgrtg arkikhncdghtg prgsghtg.

Vralu``kðh lg insLg 6.7 - 6.97 d0 / Mi. lg sðcklas vacîtkcgs lgstruklas. (@B< 4 77% - @A? 4 <7%).

0. Lkigstkðh nhngraokn gh nctn ah`ghtrn kðh

Gs uh pra`gsa okacðikà gh nc qug sg pralu`g cn egrdghtn`kðh ah uh ahtghkla lg

sðcklas tatnc lg npraxkdnlndghtg ??%. Gs uhn tg`hacaiän rgcntkvndghtg hugvn, y su

npck`n`kðh pnrn cn rgùpgrn`kðh lg ghgriän n pnrtkr lg cn ern``kðh ariîhk`n lg _W ta-

lnvän ha sg bn lgsnrraccnla tatncdghtg. \kghg las vghtnjns: sah dîs onjas rgquksktaslg niun y uhn tnsn dîs nctn lg pralu``kðh lg ins par uhklnl lg vacudgh lgc tndnþa

lgc Okarrgn`tar.

0.> Lgs`rkp kðh lgc pra`gsa

Cas trgs pnsa lgs`rktas pnrn cn lkigstkðh nhngraokn lg sðcklas gh onjn ah`ghtrn`kðh

tndokëh sg npck`nh gh gc pra`gsa lg lkigstkðh nhngraoka gh nctn ah`ghtrn`kðh. Cn

lkegrgh`kn dîs kdpartnhtg sg pralu`g gh gc hnc lgc pra`gsa, unhla sg rgqukgrg

dghas gseugrza pnrn lgsbklrntnr y gvnùnr cas enhias lkigrklas.

@lr.0< Lknirndn lg uja lgc pra`gsa lg

lkigstkðh nhngraokn lg rgskluasuronhas ariîhkàs gh onjnàh`ghtrn`kðh.

Eki.7> Ukstns lg lkigstargs nhngraokastkpa eardn lg bugva.

@lr.07 @ahsklgrn`kahgs lg lksgþa pnrnlkigstkðh nhngraokn gh onjnàh`ghtrn`kðh.

0< VG_KALAP LG @ADVAP\NJGPGIÚH \GDVG_N\W_N

- Dgsaeäckà: cn dnsn vgigtncgstî n tgdpgrnturn ndokghtg ycas dk`raarinhksdas dgsðcas sg

ductkpck`nh rîpklndghtg, par ca qugsuokrî cn tgdpgrnturn.

- \grdaeäckà: ùnhla sg nc`nhznhcas <6º cas dk`raarinhksdas tgr-dðcas trnseardnh gc hktrðigha gh

ndahknà= N cas 56º lgsnpnrg`gh.

- Lg gherkndkghta: ùnhla cntgdpgrnturn gs dghar lg 56º, rg-npnrg`gh cas bahias tgrdðcas y nc

onjnr lg <6º cas dgsðcas tndokëhrgkhk`knh su n`tkvklnl.

- Lg dnlurn`kðh : pgrkala qugrgqukgrg dgsgs n tgdpgrnturnndokghtg, lurnhtg cas ùncgs sgpralu`gh cn àhlghsn`kðh y pack-dgrkzn`kðh lgc budus.

VNPA 0

Kdpck`n cn npturn, ncdn`ghndkghta y sk gs hg`gsnrka, cn sgpnrn`kðh lg cas adpa-

hghtgs insgasas. Atrn tnrgn qug sg ccgvn n noa gs cn lgsbklrntn`kðh y gvnùn`kðh

lg cas enhias lkigrklas. Var ca ighgrnc, gc pra`gsndkghta lg cas enhias lkigrklas

pralu`klas gs tnh `nra qug npghns sg bn utkckznla gstg pra`gsa.

rgskluas uronhasern` kðh ariîhk a

tnhqug lgdgz cn

niktn kðh

rgccgha snhktnrka_Pn ntdðsegrn

nckdghtn`kðh lgpralu`tas

quädkàs a enhiaslg pcnhtn lg

niuns rgskluncgs

sgpnrnlar dnihëtk a

cnsk`nlar hgudîtk a sgpnrnlar lgnkrg cäqukla

e c t r n l a

c g ` b n l n

ins lg lkigstkðh

sgpnrnlar lg ins

@A? @B<

oadon

ctranc

vn äa

dntgrkncgs eërrgas

ern` kðh pgsnln

n uhklnlgs lgrgùpgrn kðhghgriëtk n

trkturnlarn rg`bnzas

LKIGP\A_56¶@

>>7 >>5



Eki.7? Pg``kðh lg Kh`khgrnlarn lg nck-dghtn`kðh àhtkhun y qugdnlagh oruta. @artgsän lg @auhtyPnhktntkah Lkstrk`ts ae Cas Nhig-cgs @auhty. WPN.

>.? \kpas lg kh khgrn kðh

Cns kh`khgrnlarns sg puglgh lksgþnr pnrn apgrnr ah ? tkpas lg _W: gh oruta (ha

sgcg``kahnlas) a _W pra`gsnlas (sgpnrnlas). Nlgdîs sg cnsk`nh sgiúh cn pra`g-

lgh`kn lg cas __ qug bnorîh lg sgr kh`khgrnlas.

@ahvgrskðhtërdk n lg rgskluasGc pra`gsndkghta tërdkà lg cas _W, utkckznla pnrn cn rglu``kðh gh vacudgh y cn

rgùpgrn`kðh lg ghgriän, gs uh gcgdghta kdpartnhtg gh du`bas skstgdns lg igstkðhkhtgirnc lg rgskluas. Lg tnc dnhgrn, gc pra`gsndkghta tërdkà puglg lghkrsg ada

cn ahvgrskðh lg cas _W gh pralu`tas insgasas, cäquklas y sðcklas, cn skductnhgn y

suoskiukghtg gdkskðh lg ghgriän gh eardn lg ncar. Gxkstgh vnrkas skstgdns lg ah-

vgrskðh tërdk`n, lkegrgh`knlas gh euh`kðh lgc rgqugrkdkghta lg axäigha.

>. Pkstgdns lg kh`khgrn`kðh

Cn kh`khgrn`kðh puglg lghkrsg ada gc pra`gsndkghta tërdkà lg cas rgskluas

dglknhtg axkln`kðh quädk`n ah nhtklnlgs gstgqukadëtrk`ns (`nhtklnl gxn`tn lg

axäigha) a gh gx`gsa lg axäigha. Cas pralu`tas hncgs kh`cuygh insgs ncgkhtgs lg

àdoustkðh, adpugstas prkh`kpncdghtg hktrðigha, lkðxkla lg nroaha y vnpar lg

niun (ins lg bkdghgn), y rg`bnzas ha adoustkocgs (`ghkzn). Pg puglg rgùpgrnr

ghgriän dglknhtg gc khtgr`ndoka lgc ncar pra`glghtg lg cas insgs nckghtgs lg ad-

oustkðh.

>.> Lgs`rkp kðh lgc pra`gsa (vgr irîeà pîikhn apugstn)

n. Lgs`nrin (>) lg _W gh uh easa lg ncdn`ghndkghta (?)

o. @nrin lg _W par cn irún pughtg (0) gh cas àhlu`tas lg nckdghtn`kðh (`nrin) (<)

`. Lkrg``kahndkghta lg __ nc barha (7)

l. Lgs`nrin gh cn pnrrkccn (5) pnrn su qugdnla gh oruta.

g. Cas insgs gdktklas suogh ncn îdnrn lg adoustkðh (9) lahlg sah qugdnlas.

e. _gùpgra lg ncar dglknhtg tuoas lg niun y lgrkvn`kðh n `nclgrn (2)

i. Vralu``kðh lg vnpar bn`kn gc ighgrnlar lg turokhn (;) qug pralu`g gcg`trk`klnl.

b. @ahtrac lg gdkskahgs dglknhtg khyg``kðh lg ndahknà (>6), lgpurnlarn sg`n (>>)

y ctra lg dnhins pnrn sgpnrnr pnrtäùcns (>?).k. Khlu``kðh lg nkrg n trnvës lg uh vghtkcnlar lg tkra khlu`kla (>0) pnrn cn n`gcgrn-

`kðh, sudkhkstra y ahtrac lg uja ahstnhtg gh gc pra`gsa lg kh`khgrn`kðh.

j. @ahlu``kðh lg insgs ckdpkas bn`kn cn bkdghgn lg vnpar (><).

m. _gùpgra lg rg`bnzas (`ghkzns y atra) ngh n cn pnrrkccn gh nc tacvn lg rg`bnzas

(>7) pnrn sgr trntnlas ah niun.

c. Dgz`cn lg cns `ghkzns vacnhtgs lgc ctra lg dnhins y lgpurnlarn sg n àh cns `g-

hkzns lg barha pnrn su trnhspartg nc _gccgha Pnhktnrka, prgvka gdoncnla gspg`knc.

(>5)

KU.k - 0

>>9 >>2



Eki.70 Gsqugdn lgc pra`gsa lg Kh`khg-rn`kðh lg rgskluas gspg`kncgs.@artgsän lg Onygr - @urrghtn.Cgvgrmusgh. Igrdnhy. ?6>6.

Eki.7< Gsqugdn lgc pra`gsa lg Kh`k-hgrn`kðh lg niuns rgskluncgs.@artgsän lg Onygr - @urrghtn.Cgvgrmusgh. Igrdnhy. ?6>6.

Eki.77 Gsqugdn lgc pra`gsa lg Kh`khg-rn`kðh lg calas lg lgpurn`kðh.@artgsän lg Onygr - @urrghtn.Cgvgrmusgh. Igrdnhy. ?6>6.

g. Kh khgrn kðh lg Calas lg lgpurnlarnCas pra`gsas dgjarnlas gh cns khstncn`kahgs lg pralu``kðh rglu`gh cns kdpurgzns

lg cns niuns rgskluncgs y juhta ah cn aptkdkzn`kðh lg cas pra`gsas lg lgpurn`kðh

àhtrkouygh n rglu`kr sustnh`kncdghtg gc vacudgh lg calas ighgrnla nhuncdghtg.

Cn npn`klnl ckogrnln lg gstn dnhgrn gh cn kh`khgrnlarn lg calas lg lgpurnlarn sg

puglg utkckznr pnrn gc trntndkghta tërdkà lg atras calas.

Wh skstgdn lg rg`gp`kðh sg gh`nrin lg rg`kokr g kh`khgrnr calas lg lgpurnlarn g

khlustrkncgs gxtgrhas lg lkegrghtg ahskstgh`kn a rgskluas skdkcnrgs nc cala ah uhn

ghgriän ncarä`n lg bnstn ?6 .Cn kh`khgrnlarn lg calas lg lgpurnlarn ahstn lg cas

skiukghtgs adpahghtgs prkh`kpncgs:

• Barha lg vnrkns pcnhtns

• @îdnrn lg pastàdoustkðh

• @nclgrn lg vnpar pnrn gc npravg`bndkghta lgc ncar

• Lgpurn`kðh lg budas

n. Kh khgrn kðh lg adoustkðh gh oruta

Pg ln uh pra`gsndkghta dähkda n cas rgskluas nhtgs lg aca`nrcas gh cn tacvn lg

nckdghtn`kðh. Gh tala pra`gsa lg qugdnla cns pnrrkccns juginh uh pnpgc kdpartnhtä-

skda, yn qug skrvgh pnrn lkvgrsns euh`kahgs, kh`cuyghla gc davkdkghta lg cas __ n

trnvës lgc skstgdn, cn dgz`cn lg __ y cn khyg``kðh lg nkrg pnrn cn àdoustkðh.

o. Kh khgrn kðh nckdghtnlas par @L_ (_W pra`gsnlas - sgpnrnlas)

Pg qugdnh rgskluas prgvkndghtg pra`gsnlas y rg`bnznlas gh KPV_ saorg pnrrkccns

dðvkcgs. Lgokla nc dnyar ahtghkla ghgriëtkà lgc @L_ gh adpnrn`kðh ah cas_W gh oruta, gstg tkpa lg skstgdns puglgh sgr eäsk`ndghtg dîs pgqugþas qug cas

nhtgrkargs= nlgdîs lg sgr ahtracnla dîs g`kghtgdghtg ah dgjargs rghlkdkghtas y

àhtrac lg ahtndkhnhtgs.

. Kh khgrn kðh lg _gskluas Gspg kncgs

Lgslg gc puhta lg vkstn lg cn të`hk`n lg pra`gsas, cn kh`khgrnlarn lg rgskluas gspg-

`kncgs ahstn lg trgs zahns:

• Barha lg tndoar ah îdnrn lg pastàdoustkðh

• @nclgrn rgùpgrnlarn pnrn ighgrn`kðh lg vnpar

• Pkstgdn lg vnrkns gtnpns pnrn cn lgpurn`kðh lg cas insgs lg buda

N gcca sg nþnlg cn kherngstru`turn pnrn gc ncdn`ghndkghta y lkstrkou`kðh lg cas

rgskluas ghtrg cns kh`khgrnlarns y cn gckdkhn`kðh lg cas rgstas y niuns rgskluncgs

ighgrnlas par cn kh`khgrn`kðh.

l. Kh khgrn kðh lg niuns rgskluncgs

Nciuhas ujas lg niuns rgskluncgs ha puglgh lgpurnrsg okacðik`ndghtg, nc ahtghgr

àdpahghtgs lg okalgirnlnokcklnl cghtn a hucn, a tðxkàs pnrn cns on`tgrkns. Vnrn

palgr gckdkhnr gstg tkpa lg rgskluas gh >;;2 sg pusa gh dnr`bn cn pcnhtn lg kh`khgrn-

`kðh lg niuns rgskluncgs. Cn kh`khgrnlarn lg niuns rgskluncgs ahstn gsgh`kncdghtg

lg cns skiukghtgs pnrtgs:

• Lgpðskta pravkskahnc pnrn cns niuns rgskluncgs

• @îdnrn lg adoustkðh

• @nclgrn lg vnpar pnrn gc npravg`bndkghta lgc ncar

• Lgpurn`kðh lg budas

>>; >?6



<. Pkstgdns lg àhtrac ndokghtnc

Cas skstgdns lg ahvgrskðh tërdk`n pralu`gh lkvgrsas kdpn`tas saorg gc ndokghtg,

kh`cuyghla gdkskahgs insgasns y lg pnrtäùcns, gughtgs cäquklas y rg`bnzas sðcklas.

Gc arrg`ta lksgþa lg skstgdns lg ahtrac pnrn gstns gdkskahgs gs uhn pnrtg rätk`n

lgc lksgþa lg uh skstgdn lg pra`gsndkghta tërdkà. Gh nciuhas nsas, gc astg y cn

àdpcgjklnl lg uh skstgdn lg ahtrac ndokghtnc gs gqukvncghtg a kh`cusa dnyar qug

gc astg lgc dksda skstgdn lg rgùpgrn`kðh tërdk`n.

<.> Gdkskahgs ntdaseërk`ns

Cn apgrn`kðh lg pcnhtns lg àhvgrskðh tërdk`n lg _W prava`n lghtra lgc pra`gsa cn

pralu``kðh lg lkvgrsns gdkskahgs insgasns y lg pnrtäùcns, du`bns lg cns ùncgs s

puglgh tghgr irnvgs kdpn`tas saorg cn sncul tncgs àda

- Ðxklas lg hktrðigha (HAx) - Dgtncgs pgsnlas

- Lkðxkla lg nzuerg (PA?) - Dntgrkn pnrtkùcnln (DV)

- Dahðxkla lg `nroaha (@A) - Insgs î`klas

- Lkaxkhns - Eurnhas

<. ? Pkstgdns lg àhtrac lgàhtndkhn kðh ntdaseërk`n

Cns gdkskahgs ntdaseërk`ns insgasns y gh pnrtäùcns puglgh ahtracnrsg ah khà

`cnsgs lg gqukpndkghtas.

• Vrg`kpktnlargs gcg`trastîtkàs, ctras lg dnhins, ctras gcg`trastîtkàs lg cg`ba lg

irnvn (àhtrac lg pnrtäùcns).

• Pgpnrn`kðh gh arkigh, àhtracgs lg àdoustkðh, trntndkghta lg insgs lg àdous-

tkðh ( ahtrac lg HAx).

• Pgpnrn`kðh gh arkigh, lgpurn`kðh búdgln a sg`n (àhtrac lg PA? y insgs î`klas).

• @ahtracgs lg àdoustkðh ( àhtrac lg @A y Ecuarura lg bklrðigha B@).

• Pgpnrn`kðh gh arkigh, àhtracgs lg àdoustkðh, àhtrac lg pnrtäùcns lg àhtndk-

hn`kðh ha gspg`ä`n.

n. Vrg kpktnlargs gcg trastîtk as (GPV)

Wtkckznla pnrn sgpnrnr pnrtäùcns hns (dghargs n >6 γd.). Euh`kahn onja gc prkh`kpka lg ntrn``kðh gcg`trastîtk`n. Wh vactnjg ncta hgintkva, ?6 666 n >66 666

vactkas, npck`nla n cas gcg`tralas lg lgs`nrin, ighgrn uh eugrtg ndpa gcë`trkà

ghtrg cas gcg`tralas lg lgs`nrin y gc acg`tar.

Cns pnrtäùcns gh cn arrkghtg lg ins nlqukgrgh uhn nrin hgintkvn dkghtrns pnsnh

n trnvës lgc ndpa gcë`trkà. Var su nrin, cns pnrtäùcns sah ntrnälns bn`kn gc gcg`-

trala acg`tar ah tadn lg tkgrrn. Lgspuës lg sgr rgàiklns saorg cns pcn`ns, cns

pnrtäùcns sg sgpnrnh dglknhtg cn vkorn`kðh dg`îhk`n lg cns pcn`ns.

Cn g`n`kn lg gstg skstgdn gstî gh euh`kðh lg cns `nrn`tgrästk`ns lg cas insgs lg

àdoustkðh (gspg`kncdghtg tgdpgrnturn y budglnl) y lg cn rgskstkvklnl gcë`trk`n

lg cns pnrtäùcns. Hardncdghtg cn g`n`kn vnrkn ghtrg ;0 - ;;.2%.

Eki.75 Kh`khgrnlar Duhk`kpnc lg_gskluas Gspg`kncgs gh Oórrki.

Ncgdnhkn. @artgsän lg Onygr -@urrghtn. Cgvgrmusgh. ?6>6.

Eki.79 Vrg`kpktnlar Gcg`trastîtkà pnrncn sgpnrn`kðh lg pnrtäùcnslg kh`khgrnlarn. @artgsän lg_gsgnr`b @attrgcc, Kh`.

?. Pkstgdns lg pkrðcksks

Gs gc pra`gsndkghta tërdkà lg rgskluas gh nusgh`kn tatnc lg axäigha. Lgsneartu-

hnlndghtg, bny du`bn aheuskðh gh cn cktgrnturn saorg gc tgdn y du`bas skstgdns

ccndnlas pkrðcksks rgncdghtg sah lg insk`n`kðh. Pg usnh skstgdns lg pkrðcksks y

insk`n`kðh pnrn ahvgrtkr rgskluas gh adoustkocgs insgasas, cäquklas y sðcklas.

cn lkegrgh`kn prkh`kpnc ghtrg cas las skstgdns ahskstg gh qug cas skstgdns lg pkrðcksks

utkckznh uhn eughtg lg adoustkocg gxtgrhn pnrn ahlu`kr cns rgn``kahgs ghlalër -

dk`ns lg pkrðcksks gh uh ndokghtg ckorg lg axäigha, dkghtrns qug cas skstgdns lg

insk`n`kðh sg sastkghgh skh npartg gxtgrhas y usnh nkrg u axäigha pnrn cn adous-

tkðh pnr`knc lg cas _W.

0.Pkstgdns lg inske`n`kðh

Insk`n`kðh gs gc tërdkha icaonc utkckznla pnrn lgs`rkokr gc pra`gsa lg adoustkðh

pnr`knc gh gc qug gc àdoustkocg gs qugdnla n prapðskta àh dghas nkrg qug gc gstg-

qukadëtrkà, Nuhqug gc pra`gsa sg lgsùorkð gh gc skica RKR, saca rg`kghtgdghtg sg

bn npck`nla pnrn gc pra`gsndkghta lg _W.

Gs uhn të`hk`n ghgriëtk`ndghtg g`nz pnrn rglu`kr gc vacudgh lg cas __ y rgùpgrnr

ghgriän. Gsgh`kncdghtg gc pra`gsa kdpck`n cn adoustkðh pnr`knc lg uh adoustkocg

`nroahasa pnrn ighgrnr uh adoustkocg rkà gh ins ah nctas ahtghklas lg da -

hðxkla lg nroaha, bklrðigha y nciuhas bklra`nrouras snturnlas, prkh`kpncdghtg

dgtnha.

Gc ins adoustkocg puglg qugdnrsg gh uh datar lg adoustkðh khtgrhn, turokhn lg

ins a nclgrn gh ahlk`kahgs lg axäigha nlk`kahnc.

>?> >??



<.0 _g`bnzas sðcklas

n. ghkzns lg eahla

Var`kðh ha qugdnln y ha qugdnocg lg cas _W. Vuglgh ahtghgr nhtklnlgs ah-

sklgrnocgs lg dgtncgs y vklrka, nsä ada ariîhkàs ha qugdnlas. Cns `ghkzns lg

eahla sah aca`nlns gh rgccghas snhktnrkas. Gh nciuhas pnäsgs lgsnrraccnlas, cas

khvgstkinlargs bnh ahstntnla ëxktas ah gc usa lg dgz`cns lg ghkzns lg eahla,

`ghkzns vacnhtgs, nc bklrntnln y gdghta Vartcnhl pnrn enork`nr ocaqugs lg ahs-

tru``kðh.

o. `ghkzns vacnhtgsNqugccns qug sah rgùpgrnlns lg cas skstgdns lg ahtrac ntdaseërkà nhtgrkardgh-

tg dgh`kahnlas. Gstns gstîh adpugstns par pnrtäùcns dk`rðhk`ns y suodk`rð-

hk`ns qug lgogrîh sgr dnhgjnlns ah gxtrgda uklnla pnrn gvktnr gdkskahgs euiktk-

vns lg pacva qug pugln sgr lnþkha pnrn cas trnonjnlargs y gc ndokghtg krùhlnhtg.

Gstn ghkzns sah sgpnrnlns lg cas skstgdns lg ahtrac ntdaseërkà y trnhspartnlns

gh ahtghglargs gspg`kncgs grrnlas bn`kn cas rgccghas snhktnrkas.

. pralu tas lg lgpurnlarn

Pah cas calas pralu`klas gh uhn lgpurnlarn búdgln utkckznln pnrn cn sgpnrn`kðhlg PA? y insgs î`klas. cas pralu`tas sah sncgs lg sucenta lg nc`ka y salka eardn-

lns gh nc rgn``kðh lg lgpurn`kðh. cn gvnùn`kðh lg gstas lgogrî bn`grsg bn`kn uh

rgccgha snhktnrka lg rgskluas gspg`kncgs y/a pgckirasas.

l. dgtncgs pgsnla y ariîhk as gh ahtghklas trnzn

Lgogh igstkahnrsg uklnlasndghtg lgokla n su nctn pgckirasklnl y taxk`klnl.

Lgogrîh sgr gvnùnlas n _gccghas snhktnrkas gspg`knckznlas y ncdn`ghnlas gh ah-

tghglargs bgrdëtk`ndghtg grrnlas, pnrn gvktnr y rglu`kr cn `nhtklnl lg ckxkvknlas

pgrjulk`kncgs.

Eki.72 Ekctra lg dnhins pnrn cn sgpnrn-`kðh lg pnrtäùcns lg kh`khgrn-larns.

Eki.7; Dnhkpucn`kðh lg àhtghgla-rgs gspg`kncgs pnrn rg`bnzassðcklas gh cn kh`khgrnlarn lg_gskluas Gspg`kncgs lg Oórrki-Mõch. Igrdnhy. @artgsän lgOnygr - @urrghtn. Cgvgrmusgh.?6>6.

o. Ekctras lg dnhins

Whn lg cns tg`hacaiäns dîs gcgikln par cns kh`khgrnlarns. Gc ctra lg dnhins gs

uh lkspasktkva khträhsg`ndghtg sgh`kcca. Cns oacsns lg ctrnr sg ahg`tnh pnrncg-

cndghtg saorg uhn gstru`turn, cns pnrtäùcns lgc ins lg adoustkðh sah ntrnpnlns

gh uh npn lg pacva qug irnluncdghtg sg vn nùducnhla saorg cn supgr`kg lg cn

dnhin.

Cn npn lg pacva pgrdktg qug cn dnhin ctrg pnrtäùcns tnh pgqugþns ada 6.>

γd. du`ba dîs pgqugþns qug cas gspn`kas nokgrtas lg 76 n 97 γd. ghtrg cns orns

lg cn dnhin. Dkghtrns cns pnrtäùcns sg nùducnh saorg cn supgr`kg lg cn dnhin,nudghtn irnluncdghtg cn näln lg prgskðh saorg gc ctra. Cns pnrtäùcns sg sgpnrnh

lg cns oacsns lg ctrnr dglknhtg du`bns të`hk`ns: niktn`kðh dg`îhk`n, khvgrskðh lg

cn arrkghtg lg nkrg y barra pucsnhtg. Cas dntgrkncgs lg cas ctras lg dnhin kh`cu-

ygh: vklrka, tgjkla lg vklrka, y tgðh ℯ. Gc rghlkdkghta lg cas ctras lg dnhins

bn cairnla saorgpnsnr cas dîs gstrk`tas ahtracgs ndokghtncgs bnstn gc dadghta.

. Ekctras gcg trastîtk as lg cg`ba lg irnvn

Gs uh lkspasktkva bäorkla qug gdpcgn cn ctrn`kðh dg`îhk`n y cn ntrn``kðh gcg`-

trastîtk`n. Gstn tg`hacaiän sg bn gdpcgnla gh barhas qug qugdnh dnlgrn y dîs

rg`kghtgdghtg gh kh`khgrnlarns. Pg bn ahstntnla uhn tnsn lg gdkskðh lg pnrtäùcns

lg 6.607 irnhas/lsè.

l. atras skstgdns lg ahtrac

- @ahtrac lg gdkskahgs lg HAx dglknhtg rg`krùcn`kðh lg insgs.

- _glu``kðh ntncätk`n sgcg`tkvn.

- _glu``kðh ha ntncätk`n sgcg`tkvn

- Lgpurn`kðh lg insgs î`klas

- Lgpurn`kðh búdgln

- Lgpurn`kðh sg`n

- @ahtrac lg dahðxklas g bklra`nrouras par dnhgja lg adoustkðh y axäigha.

- @ahtrac lg lkaxkhns, eurnhas y dgtncgs par dnhgja lg adoustkðh y axäigha.

>?0 >?<



Eki.56 Lknirndn lg uja lg rgùpg -rn`kðh lg ghgriän utkckznhlaturokhn n vnpar.

Eki.5> Lknirndn lg uja lg rgùpgrn`kðh

lg ghgriän utkckznhla turokhn nins

Eki.5? Lknirndn lg uja lg rgùpgrn`kðh

lg ghgriän utkckznhla datar lgàdoustkðh khtgrhn.

Eki.50 Lknirndns lg uja pnrn cn àig -hgrn`kðh lg gcg`trk`klnl, vnpary/a niun `nckghtg utkckznhla:

(n) \urokhn lg vnpar ah`nclgrn àhtrnprgskðh.

(o) \urokhn lg ins àh `nclgrnlg `ncar rgsklunc.

(`) Datar lg adoustkðh khtgrhnàh `nclgrn lg `ncar rgsklunc.

Cn turokhn gs skdkcnr n uh datar gh rgn``kðh pnrn ahvgrtkr cas insgs `nckghtgs lg

cn adoustkðh gh ghgriän dg`îhk`n

. Datar lg adoustkðh khtgrhnGstg tkpa lg datargs utkckznh pkstahgs y kiógþnc, y sah uhn nctgrhntkvn n cns

turokhns lg ins. Pah vgrskahgs dalk`nlns lg datargs khlustrkncgs lksgþnlas pnrn

ins hnturnc a prapnha. Pah gc skstgdn dîs adúh utkckznla pnrn ighgrnr ghgriän n

pnrtkr lg insgs rg upgrnlas lg _gccghas Pnhktnrkas.

l. @aighgrnlargs

Wtkckznlas pnrn ighgrnr ghgriän tërdk`n y gcë`trk`n n nc vgz n pnrtkr lg cn dgz`cn lg

turokhns lg vnpar, ins, nclgrns y datargs lg adoustkðh khtgrhn.

<.< Ugrtkla lg niuns rgskluncgs

Cas vgrtklas lg niuns rgskluncgs tkghgh lkvgrsas aräighgs lghtra lg cns pcnhtns:

- Niun lg ckdpkgzn y rgerkigrn`kðh lg skstgdns pnrn sgpnrn`kðh lg ghkzns búdglns.

- Gughtgs lg lgpurnlarns búdglns

- Niuns rgskluncgs lg sgccnlas, onclga y dnhtghkdkghta gh ighgrnc.

- Niuns rgskluncgs lg niuns lg nckdghtn`kðh. (skstgdn lg ighgrn`kðh lg ghgriän)

- Vurins lg cn tarrg gherknlarn (skstgdn lg ighgrn`kðh lg ghgriän).

Gh adpnrn`kðh ah cas niuns rgskluncgs pralu`klns gh uh rgccgha snhktnrka, cns nh-

tklnlgs lg niun pralu`klns sah rgcntkvndghtg dghargs, pgra puglgh rgqugrkr nciúh

prg-trntndkghta nhtgs lg sgr vgrtklns nc skstgdn lg nc`nhtnrkccnla a rgutkckznlns àda

niun pnrn rkgia lg îrgns vgrlgs lg cns khstncn`kahgs.

<.7 Pkstgdns lg rgùpgrn kðh ghgriëtk`n

Whn vgz qug cas rgskluas bnh skla ahvgrtklas gh ghgriän tërdk`n gh eardn lg vnpar

dglknhtg cn kh`khgrn`kðh, a gh ghgriän quädk`n gh eardn lg insgs a cäquklas dglknh-

tg cn pkrðcksks a cn insk`n`kðh, sg puglgh ahvgrtkr gh ghgriän dg`îhk`n a gcë`trk`n.

Gc vnpar puglg utkckznrsg lkrg`tndghtg gh pra`gsas khlustrkncgs, pnrn ncgen``kahnr

glk`kas a pnrn ighgrnr ghgriän gcë`trk`n dglknhtg uhn turokhn lg vnpar.

Cas insgs y cäquklas pralu`klas dglknhtg pra`gsas okacðikàs, quädkàs y tërdkàs

puglgh gdpcgnrsg pnrn nckdghtnr `nclgrns lg pralu``kðh lg vnpar, datargs rg`äpra-

às y turokhns n ins.

n. \urokhn lg vnpar Gc vnpar sg pralu`g gh uhn `nclgrn qug qugdn cas _W a @L_, gstg vnpar sg utkckzn

pnrn davgr uhn turokhn y lgspuës sg àhlghsn lg hugva gh niun lg nckdghtn kðh.

Cn turokhn lg vnpar nckdghtn uh ighgrnlar gcë`trkà, qug sudkhkstrn ghgriän kh sktu

y ghgriän gh gx`gsa pnrn gxpartnr. Gc skstgdn gs uhn vgrskðh dîs pgqugþn lg uhn

pcnhtn tërdk`n nckdghtnln par `nroðh a ins, pgra gs ha àhtndkhnhtg.

o. Ighgrnlar ah turokhn n insGstg tkpa lg turokhn rgqukgrg lg adoustkocgs insgasas a cäquklas qug puglgh sgr

sudkhkstrnlas dglknhtg pra`gsas okacðikàs, ins lg rgccghas snhktnrkas, lg lkigs-

tkðh nhngraokn, dglknhtg pkrðcksks a insk`n`kðh.

>?5>?7



Gh cn skiukghtg sg``kðh trntnrgdas n

eahla gc tgdn lg cas rgccghas snhk-tnrkas lgslg cn gtnpn lg lksgþa bnstn

su cnusurn y rgùpgrn`kðh hnc, nsä

àda noarlnrgdas cas rktgrkas nd-

okghtncgs y eäskàs pnrn cn `cnusurn y

rgbnokcktn`kðh lg oatnlgras, qug n lk-

egrgh`kn lg cas _Pn ha tkghgh ahtrac

nciuha y sah uhn pgckirasn ndghnzn n

cn sncul y nc dglka ndokghtg.

Cn gvnùn`kðh sgiurn y nocg, n cnria

pcnza, lg cas _W gs uh àdpahghtgkdpartnhtg lg cn IK_W. Cas rg`bnzas

lg cas _W sah adpahghtgs lg cas rg -

skluas qug ha sg puglgh rg`k`cnr, qug

quglnh lgspuës lgc pra`gsndkghta gh

uhn khstncn`kðh pnrn cn rgùpgrn`kðh

lg dntgrkncgs, a qug quglnh lgspuës

lg cn rgùpgrn`kðh lg pralu`tas lg

àhvgrskðh okacðik`n, quädk`n y

ghgriëtk`n.

HA\N - Eughtgs lg eðrducns y `îcùcas:

\@BAONHAICAWP I., \BGKPGH B. &UKIKC P.N. –Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluasPðcklas— DÌr nw Bkcc (Gl). Gspnþn. >;;<.

JN_NDKCCA, JA_IG –Iuän pnrn gclksgþa, àhstru``kðh y apgrn`kahgslg _gccghas Pnhktnrkas Dnhuncgs–.AVP / @GVKP - AVP / ADP.Whkvgr-sklnl lg Nhtkaqukn, @acadokn. ?66?.

rsnkhstncn kahgs pnrn cngvnùn kðh lg rgskluas

K U- k k

>?9 >?2



Eki.5< _gccgha snhktnrka –Vughtg Bkccs—- @nckearhkn. WPN. @artgsän lgPnhktntkah Lkstrk`ts ae Cas Nhig-cgs @auhty. ?6>6.

@lr.05 @cnsk`n`kðh lg _gccghas Pnhktn-rkas sgiúh gc tkpa lg rgskluavgrtkla.

@lr.09 @cnsk`n`kðh lg _gccghas Pnhktn-rkas sgiúh cn tg`hacaiän lgàdpn`tn`kðh.

_Pngc rgccgha snhktnrka

Cas _Pn sah cns khstncn`kahgs eäsk`ns utkckznlns ¼pnrn cn gvnùn`kðh, gh cas sugcas lg

cn supgr`kg tgrrgstrg, lg cas rg`bnzas pra`glghtgs lg cas _W. Gc rgccgha snhktnrka

gs uhn të`hk`n qug ha nusn dacgstkn hk pgckira pnrn cn sncul a cn sgiurklnl púock`n=

tndpaà pgrjulk`n gc ndokghtg lurnhtg su apgrn`kðh hk lgspuës lg su cnusurn.

Gstn të`hk`n utkckzn prkh`kpkas lg khighkgrän pnrn ahhnr cn onsurn gh uh îrgn

(`gclns) ca dîs gstrg`bn paskocg, uorkëhlacn ah npns lg tkgrrn lknrkndghtg y

àdpn`tîhlacn pnrn rglu`kr su vacudgh. Nlgdîs, prgvë cas praocgdns qug puglnh

`nusnr cas cäquklas y insgs pralu`klas par geg`ta lg cn lgsàdpask`kðh lg cn dntgrkn

ariîhk`n.

Bn`g paà dghas lg uh skica, gh Gstnlas Whklas, surikð gc rgccgha snhktnrka ada

rgsuctnla lg cns gxpgrkgh`kns, lg adpn`tn`kðh y aogrturn lg cas rgskluas ah gquk-

pa pgsnla= lgslg ghtah`gs, sg gdpcgn gstg tërdkha pnrn nculkr nc sktka gh gc ùnc cas

rgskluas sah prkdgra lgpasktnlas y cugia uokgrtas nc hnc lg nln län lg apgrn`kðh.

Gh cn n`tuncklnl, gc rgccgha snhktnrka dalgrha sg rggrg n uhn khstncn`kðh lksgþnln

y apgrnln ada uhn aorn lg snhgndkghta oîskà, qug ughtn ah gcgdghtas lg ah-

trac ca su`kghtgdghtg sgiuras y uya ëxkta rnlk`n gh cn nlgùnln sgcg``kðh lgc sktka,

gh su lksgþa y, par supugsta, gh su ðptkdn apgrn`kðh y ahtrac.

>. @k`ca lg vkln lg uh rgccgha snhktnrka

Cn skiukghtg lgs`rkp`kðh lg vkln lg uh vgrtglgra gs núh ighërk`n. cas lgtnccgs gspg`ä-

às vnrknrîh sgiúh gc tkpa lg dntgrkncgs qug sg vkgrtg y sgiúh cn ahiurn`kðh ca`nc

lgc _gccgha snhktnrka.

>/ \rnznla y lksgþa prgckdkhnr

?/ Vrgpnrn`kðh lg cn zahn lg vgrtkla

0/ @aca`n`kðh lg rgskluas

</ @cnusurn lg gcln lknrkn

7/ @cnusurn hnc

5/ Igstkðh Vast`cnusurn

9/ _gn``kahgs okacðik`ns, quädk`ns y gstru`turncgs (insgs, ckxkvknlas, atras)

2/ Dahktarga ndokghtnc

;/ _gùpgrn`kðh y gxpcatn kðh ghgriëtk`n (insgs y ckxkvknlas)

?. @cnske`n`kðh lg cas rgccghas snhktnrkas

Pg bnh prapugsta n ca cnria lg cas nþas nciuhas skstgdns pnrn cn `cnsk`n`kðh qug

bgdas trntnla lg rgsudkr n àhtkhun`kðh:

PGIÚH GC \KVA LG _GPKLWA UG_\KLA

@cnsk`n`kðh Lgs`rkp`kðh

\KVA K - _gskluas pgckirasasPaca sg lgpasktnh _gskluas lg nctn pgckirasklnl,rnlkan`tkvas, rg`bnzas lg lgpurnlarns , rg`bnzaskhlustrkncgs, gt`.

\KVA KK - _gskluas Pkhiucnrgs_g`bnzas lg rgskluas lg onjn pgckirasklnl,lgdack`kðh, vacudkhasas y rgskluas gspg`kncgslg tala tkpa.

\KVA KKK - _gskluas Wronhas Ha sgcg``kahnlas, ha trntnlas, rg`bnzas lgKPV_, _W trkturnlas, @ghkzns lg kh`khgrn`kðh ha

pgckirasn, gt`.

PGIÚH GC \KVA LG \G@HACAIÄN LG @ADVN@\N@KÐH

@cnsk`n`kðh Lgs`rkp`kðh

_Pn Dg`nhkznla

Lksgþnla pnrn cns irnhlgs kulnlgs y paocn`ka-hgs qug ighgrnh dîs lg <6 tahgcnlns lknrkns.Khighkgrän lg nctn adpcgjklnl. Vnrn apgrnr gstgtkpa lg rgccgha snhktnrka sg rgqukgrg lgc usa lggqukpas dg`nhkznlas, nsä ada gqukpa gspg`kn-ckznla pnrn gc davkdkghta lg tkgrrn.

_Pn Pgdkdg`nhkznla@unhla cn paocn`kðh ighgrg ghtrg >5 y <6 tahg-cnlns lknrkns lg __. Gs ahvghkghtg usnr dnquk-hnrkn pgsnln ada npaya nc trnonja dnhunc.

_Pn Dnhunc

Nlnptn`kðh lgc ah`gpta lg rgccgha snhktnrka pnrn cns pgqugþns paocn kahgs qug pralu`gh ‐dghas lg >7 tah./län. Gc tërdkha dnhunc sgrggrg n qug cn apgrn`kðh lg adpn`tn`kðh yàhhndkghta lg rgskluas gjgùtnln ah gcnpaya lg uhn unlrkccn lg badorgs y gc gdpcgalg nciuhns bgrrndkghtns.

KU.kk- >

>?; >06



Eki.57 Gsqugdn dëtala lg vgrtkla lgtrkh`bgrn a znhjn. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

Eki.55 Gsqugdn dëtala lg vgrtklalg îrgn a zahn. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

Eki.59 Gsqugdn dëtala lg vgrtkla lgvniunln/lgprgskðh. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn. ?6>6.

Eki.52 Gsqugdn dëtala lg vgrtklaàdokhnla trkh`bgrn-îrgn.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

@lr.02 Ckstn lg @ahsklgrn`kahgs pnrncn sgcg``kðh lgc sktka pnrn _gccg-has Pnhktnrkas.Onsnla gh L.P. H¶679-?66<-V@D, Nrt. 59¶ (Vgrú) y hardnskhtgrhn`kahncgs lg cn ADP.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn. ?6>6.

0.< @adokhn kðh lg dëtala lg trkh`bgrn y îrgn

Lnla qug gstas las dëtalas lg ahstru``kðh lg rgccghas snhktnrkas tkghgh të`hk`ns

skdkcnrgs lg apgrn`kðh, gs paskocg adokhnr ndoas pnrn npravg`bnr dgjar gc tgrrgha

y gc dntgrknc lg aogrturn, nsä ada pnrn aotghgr dgjargs rgsuctnlas.

<. @ahsklgrn`kahgs lg sgcg``kðh lg sktkaWhn lg cns tnrgns dîs lkeä`kcgs nerahtnlns par cn dnyarän lg cns àduhklnlgs gh

cn kdpcnhtn`kðh lg uh prairndn lg IK_W gs cn ca`nckzn`kðh lg cas hugvas rgccghas

snhktnrkas. Cn sgcg``kðh hnc lg uh cuinr sg onsn hardncdghtg gh gc udpckdkghta lg

cns ahsklgrn`kahgs hardntkvn y të`hk`n ghudgrnlns gh gc skiukghtg unlra, nlgdîs

lg atras en`targs ada gc sktka gh sk dksda, cas gstulkas lg khighkgrän, gstulka lg

àstas lg trnhspartg y vncarn`kahgs lg kdpn`ta ndokghtnc.

CKP\N LG @AHPKLG_N@KAHGP VN_N CN PGCG@@KÐH LG PK\KA - _Pn

\kpa Khlk`nlar Vnrîdgtra

\ g h g h ` k n ,

p r a p k g l n l y

` a d p n t k o k c k l n l l g u s a

\g hgh k n l gc tgr rgh a > 66 % l g t gh gh k n, sk h a h k ta s p rgs gh tgs

Wsa lgc tgrrgha & zahk`n`kðh>66% usa àdpntkocg àh _Pn.>66% lgc îrgn lgog sgr tgrrgha grknza

@adpntkokcklnl ah gc Vcnh lg IK_W >66 % lg àdpntkokcklnl.

_gstas nrqugacðikàs HA pgrdktkla

Îrgn hnturncgs pratgiklns HA pgrdktkla

@ a h l k ` k a h g s e ä s k ` a

- i g a i r î ` n s y l g s g i u r k l n l

\ndnþa lg tgrrgha >66 Bns. n dîs

Ukln útkc lg tgrrgha 7 n dîs

@ahlk`kahgs igairî`ns pnrn gc usalg onrrgrns snhktnrkns hnturncgs.

Bnstn uh 06%

@gr nhän n pnskvas ndokghtncgs 7 Md. n dîs

\kpacaiän lg __ n lk spahgr N g vn cunr gh n ln n sa

Dntgrkn c lg aogrturn (kh s ktu) Dnya a kiunc n 0 666 666 d0.

Vraxkdklnl n niuns supgr kncgs Ha dghar n >666 d.

Vraxkdklnl n zahns búdglns (pnhtnhas, cnias, rgsgrvns)

V_ABKOKLA

Vraxkdklnl n hnpn ergîtk`n 76 d. n dîs.

Uuchgrnokcklnl n lgsnstrgs hnturncgs 06 d. n dîs - (6 % kh sktu)

@a dp ask k ðh lgc su gc a _ g a dg hl no cg nr k cc asa - nrg ha sa

\grrghas ncuvkncgs Ha aostnùckznr `nu gs hk ujas hnturncgssgàs a búdglas hk rglu`kr cn `npn`klnlncuvknc lgc tgrrgha.

Enccns igacðik`ns ytgrrghas khgstnocgs

V_ABKOKLA

Pksdk`klnl@ahsklgrnr gh prgdksns lg lksgþa. Hackdktnhtg.

Lk rg`` kð h l gc vk gh ta Lg c îr gn uro nh n b n k n gc rgc cg ha sn hk tnr ka .

0. Dëtalas lg vgrtkla lg rgskluas

Gc dëtala ahstru`tkva y cn suosgùghtg apgrn`kðh lg uh rgccgha snhktnrka gstîh lg-

tgrdkhnlas prkh`kpncdghtg par cn tapairneän lgc tgrrgha, nuhqug lgpghlgh tndokëh

lgc tkpa lg sugca y lg cn praeuhlklnl lgc hkvgc ergîtkà.

0.> Dëtala lg trkh`bgrn a znhjn

Gstg dëtala sg utkckzn gh rgikahgs pcnhns y ahskstg gh gx`nvnr pgrkðlk`ndghtg

znhjns lg las a trgs dgtras lg praeuhlklnl ah uhn rgtragx`nvnlarn a uh trn`tar

lg aruins. Bny gxpgrkgh`kns lg gx`nvn`kðh lg trkh`bgrns lg bnstn lg 9 dgtras lg

praeuhlklnl. Cas _W sg lgpasktnh y nàdalnh lghtra lg cn trkh`bgrn pnrn cugia

àdpn`tnrcas y uorkrcas ah cn tkgrrn gx`nvnln.

Pg lgog tghgr gspg`knc uklnla gh pgrkalas lg ccuvkns lnla qug cns niuns puglgh

khuhlnr cns znhjns. Lg nbä qug sg lgon ahstrukr nhncgs pgrkdëtrkàs pnrn nptnrcns

y lgsvknrcns g kh`cusa pravggr n cns znhjns lg lrghnjgs khtgrhas. Gh nsas gxtrgdas,

sg puglg ahstrukr uh tg`ba saorg gccns a okgh oadognr gc niun nùducnln. Pus

tnculgs a pnrglgs lgogh gstnr artnlas lg nùgrla ah gc îhiuca lg rgpasa lgc sugca

gx`nvnla. Cn gx`nvn`kðh lg znhjns gxkig ahlk`kahgs envarnocgs tnhta gh ca qug

rgspg`tn n cn praeuhlklnl lgc hkvgc ergîtkà ada nc tkpa lg sugca. Cas tgrrghas ah

hkvgc ergîtkà ncta a duy prðxkda n cn supgr`kg ha sah nprapknlas par gc rkgsia lg

àhtndkhnr gc nùäegra. Cas tgrrghas raàsas tndpaà ca sah lgokla n cns lkùctnlgs

lg gx`nvn`kðh.

0.? Dëtala lg îrgn a zahn

Gh îrgns rgcntkvndghtg pcnhns, lahlg ha sgn en`tkocg gx`nvnr easns a trkh`bgrns pnrn

ghtgrrnr cn onsurn, gstn puglg lgpasktnrsg lkrg`tndghtg saorg gc sugca arkikhnc, gc qug

lgog gcgvnrsg nciuhas dgtras, prgvkn kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh lgc tgrrgha. Gh gstas nsas,

gc dntgrknc lg aogrturn lgogrî sgr trnhspartnla lgslg atras sktkas a, lg sgr paskocg,

gxtrnäla lg cn npn supgr`knc.

Cns easns sg ahstruygh ah uhn pghlkghtg sunvg gh gc tncul pnrn gvktnr lgsckzndkgh-

tas y cairnr uhn dnyar gstnokcklnl n dglkln qug sg gcgvn gc rgccgha.

0.0 Dëtala vniunln / lgprgskðh

Onsnla gh gc Dëtala lg îrgn, y skrvg pnrn rgccghnr lgprgskahgs hnturncgs a nhtgrns

nonhlahnlns lg nciuhas dgtras lg praeuhlklnl. Gc dntgrknc lg aogrturn sg gx`nvn

lg cns cnlgrns lgc tgrrgha a, gh su lgeg`ta, lg uh cuinr gr`nha pnrn gvktnr cas astas

lg n`nrrga. Cn apgrn`kðh lg lgs`nrin y ahstru``kðh lg cns gclns lgog khk`knrsg lgs -

lg gc eahla bn`kn nrrkon. Gc rgccgha sg àhstruyg npaynhla cns `gclns gh cn pghlkghtg

hnturnc lgc tgrrgha= gs lg`kr, cn onsurn sg lgs`nrin gh cn onsg lgc tncul, sg gxtkghlg

y npksahn ahtrn ëc y sg rgùorg lknrkndghtg ah uhn npn lg tkgrrn. Pg ahtkhún cn

apgrn`kðh ahsgrvnhla uhn pghlkghtg sunvg lg uhas >2,< n ?5,7 irnlas gh gc tncul=

gh uhn rgcn`kðh vgrtk`nc/barkzahtnc lg >:0 n >:?, rgspg`tkvndghtg, y lg > n ? irnlas

gh cn supgr`kg, a sgn, lg ? n 0,7%. @ahtkhun sitg. pni.

>0> >0?



Eki.96 Lgtnccg rgprgsghtntkva lg uhn`bkdghgn pnrn cn gxtrn``kðhlg ins lg vgrtglgra. @artgsänlg cn juhtn lg @nckearhkn pnrn cnIgstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluas.

Eki.9> Gsqugdn lgc skstgdn lg rgùpg-rn`kðh n`tkvn lg insgs lg rgccghasnhktnrka pnrn cn pralu``kðhlg ghgriän gcë`trk`n, utkckznhla`bkdghgns vgrtk`ncgs.@artgsänlg cn juhtn lg @nckearhkn pnrn cnIgstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluas.

Eki.5; ûgdnlar täpkà tkpa `nhlgcnoraàh ccndn pkcata pnrn qugdnrinsgs lg _gccghas snhktnrkaspra`glghtg lg uh paza a vnrkaspazas lg vghtkcn`kðh khtgrà-hg`tnlas.

7.? @ahtrac pnskva lg insgs

Pg utkckzn ghgriän gh eardn lg vn`äa khlu`kla pnrn ahtracnr cas ujas lg ins, gxks -

tkghla vnrkas dëtalas lg vghtkcn`kðh pnskvn.

n. Ughtkcn kðh pnrn rgonjnr prgskðh ah qugdnlargsPg khstncnh bkdghgns n trnvës lg cn aogrturn hnc, gxtgh-

lkëhlasg bn`kn nonja gh cn dnsn lg rgskluas qug bnh skla

khstncnlns lgslg gc dadghta lg vgrtkla lknrka. Gstns bkdg-hgns puglgh vnrknr lg ncturn ghtrg 0 n 5 d. par gh`kdn lg cn

àogrturn hnc. Gstas puglgh gh`ghlgrsg dnhuncdghtg a ah

skstgdn pkcata.

o. Znhjns pgrkdgtrncgs lg khtgr`gp kðh

Lgstkhnlns n khtgr`gptnr gc davkdkghta cntgrnc lg cas insgs.

Pg ghùghtrnh ccghns lg irnvn y ahtkghgh tuogräns barkzahtn-

cgs lg pcîstkà pgrearnla (VU@ a VG). Cugia gstns tuogräns sg

àhg`tnh n uhn bkdghgn vgrtk`nc.

. Znhjn pgrkdëtrk n onrrgrn

Hardncdghtg ccghnlns àh dntgrkncgs rgcntkvndghtg kd-

pgrdgnocgs, àda oghtahktn a pnstns lg nr kccn. Gstn gs uhn

onrrgrn eäsk`n pnrn gc davkdkghta cntgrnc lgc ins, cugia gstg

ins gs rgàcg`tnla par bkdghgns gh znhjns ccghns lg irnvn juhta n cns onrrgrns. Gstg skstgdn nuh gs khgxn`ta y lg lulasn

geg`tkvklnl n cnria pcnza.

7.0 @ahtrac n`tkva lg insgs

Pg puglg ahtracnr gc davkdkghta cntgrnc lgc ins dglknhtg cg usa lg bkdghgns y

znhjns pgrkdëtrk`ns pnrn cn gxtrn``kðh lg ins, `rgnhla vn`äas pnr`kncgs qug arkikhnh

uhn irnlkghtg lg prgskðh bn`kn cn bkdghgn lg gxtrn``kðh pnrn qug gc ins sgn qugdn-

la a utkckznla pnrn pralu`kr ghgriän gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs lg ahvgrskðh.

Gqukpndkghta utkckznla:

>/ @bkdghgns pgrkdëtrk`ns lg gxtrn``kðh lg ins

y ahtrac lg acargs.

?/ Znhjns pgrkdëtrk`ns lg gxtrn``kðh lg ins.

0/ @bkdghgns pgrkdëtrk`ns àh khyg``kðh lg nkrg

</ @bkdghgns vgrtk`ncgs lg su``kðh

7/ @bkdghgns barkzahtncgs lg su``kðh

5/ @ahlghsnlargs lg ins

9/ Gxtrn`targs y suogstn`kahgs trnhseardnlarns

lg ghgriän gcë`trk`n

2/ Vurk`nlargs lg ins

V r g v g h ` k ð h

l g r k g s i a s

Lkstnh`kn lgc tgrrgha bn`kn paocn`kahgs

>666 d. n dîs.

Lkstnh`kn n zahns lg `rknhzn y irnhjns - ndncgs a dntnlgras

>666 d. n dîs.

Lk st nh k n b n k n ngr ap ug rt as 0 66 6 d. n dî s

N``gskokcklnl nc púockà Ckdktnla

@gr`nhän n vän prkh`kpnc Dghas lg ? Md.

7.Ighgrn`kðh lg gx`glghtgs insgasas

@ada ahsgùgh`kn lg cas pra`gsas lg okalgirnln`kðh, nusgh`kn lg axäigha y

prgskðh= lghtra lg cas rgccghas snhktnrkas sg lnh rgn``kahgs lg ahvgrskðh okacðik`n y

quädk`n gckdkhnhla insgs tðxkàs y sustnh`kns cäquklns ccndnlns ckxkvknlas.

Gstg ins gstî adpugsta par uhn sgrkg lg insgs qug gstîh prgsghtgs gh irnhlgs nhtk-

lnlgs (insgs prkh`kpncgs) y lg vnrkas atrns pgqugþns nhtklnlgs lg ackiainsgs.

Insgs qug ghàhtrndas gh uh _Pn:

- Ndahknà (HB0) - Lkðxkla lg `nroaha (@A?)

- Dahðxkla lg `nroaha (@A) - Bklrðigha (B?)

- Puceura lg Bklrðigha (B?P) - Dgtnha (@B<)

- Hktrðigha (H?) - Axäigha (A?)

7.> Ensgs lg ighgrn kðh

• ENPG K : Njustg Khk knc ngrðokn ( ~> sgdnhn)

Cas _W okalgirnlnocgs suergh uh pra`gsa lg lgsàdpask`kðh dk`raoknhn dkgh-

trns sg vnh aca`nhla gh gc _Pn, gs lg`kr sg pralu`g uhn lgsàdpask`kðh ngraokn,

utkckznhla gc nkrg ntrnpnla ghtrg cas dntgrkncgs.

• ENPG KK : \rnhsk kðh ( > - 5 sgdnhns)

Cn nhtklnl lg axäigha lgs`kghlg y gdpkgznh n lgsnrraccnrsg ahlk`kahgs nhngra-

okns, àdghznhla cns rgn``kahgs lg àhvgrskðh okacðik`n y quädk`n. @adkghzn cn

pralu``kðh lg dgtnha y lkðxkla lg `nroaha.

• ENPG KKK : N klke`n kðh ( 0 dgsgs - 0 nþas )

Pg n`gcgrn cn n`tkvklnl dk`raoknhn ah pralu``kðh lg î`klas ariîhkàs g bklrð-

igha. Pg pralu`g bklrðcksks y n`klaiëhgsks ah gckdkhn`kðh lg nctns nhtklnlgs lg

@A?.

• ENPG KU : Egrdghtn kðh lgc dgtnha ( 2 - <6 nþas )

Vrackegrn`kðh lg dk`raarinhksdas ighgrnlargs lg dgtnha y î`kla.

• ENPG U : dnlurn kðh ( > - <6 nþas)

_glu``kðh lg cn pralu``kðh lg insgs y î`klas, ah prgsgh`kn lg dgtnhas puras y

du`ba lkðxkla lg nroaha, nc kiunc qug cas insgs nhtgrkardghtg dgh`kahnlas.

@ahtkhun lg pni. nhtgrkar

>00 >0<



Eki.90 \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh lgonsgs y tgrrnzns khtgrdglknslg rgccghas snhktnrkas.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

5.? \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn kðh

Eki.9? Lkstrkou`kðh lg `bkdghgns y gxtrn`-

targs onja gc dëtala lgc trkîhiuca

gqukcîtgra. @artgsän lg cn juhtn lg

@nckearhkn pnrn cn Igstkðh Khtgirnc

lg _gskluas.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

Igadgdornhns täpk`ns

Vackgtkcgha lg nctn lghsklnl:

8 6.;< i/`d0 (BLVG)

Enork`n`kðh:

N pnrtkr lg pacädgra onsg vkrigh rgighg-

rnla, àh uhn purgzn dähkdn lgc ;9%.

Pg nþnlg hgira lg buda gh uh ?-?.7%,

pnrn nlgùnr su rgskstgh`kn n cn cuz

uctrnvkacgtn.

Igaskhtëtkàs/Iga`cnyckhgr(I@C)

Dntgrkncgs dkxtas enork`nlas gh eardn lg

–snhlwk`b—, aca`nhla uhn npn ehn lg

oghtahktn ghtrg las cîdkhns lg pcîstkà a

lg eorn tgxtkc.

@uokgrtn supgrkar : Vackprapkcgha a

packgstgr skh tgjgr

@uokgrtn khegrkar : Vackprapkcgha a

BLVG \GJKLA

@ahtghkla gh oghtahktn : <.2-7.6 mi./d?.

\ndnþa pnrtäùcn : 6.2-6.0 dd.

Gspgsar lg cn cîdkhn : 5->6 dd.

@ahlu`tkvklnl bklrnúck`n : ? x >6->? d./s.

5.Ighgrn`kðh lg ckxkvknlas

Pg puglg lghkr gc ckxkvknla ada gc cäqukla qug sg ctrn n trnvës lg cas rgskluas

ncdn`ghnlas gh cas _gccghas snhktnrkas, y qug gxtrng dntgrkncgs lksugctas a gh sus-

pghskðh. Gh cn dnyarän lg _Pn gc ckxkvknla gstî eardnla par cäqukla qug ghtrn lgslg

eughtgs gxtgrhns (lrghnjg supgr`knc, ccuvkn, niuns suotgrrîhgns, niuns lg dnhnhtkn-

cgs suotgrrîhgas, gt`.) y gh su nsa gc cäqukla pralu`kla par cn lgsàdpask`kðh lg cas

rgskluas, sk bny.

5.> @ahtrac lg cn ckxkvkn kðh

Dkghtrns gc ckxkvknla sg ctrn n trnvës lgc gstrnta khegrkar, sg sgpnrnh du`bas lg cas

àhstktuyghtgs quädkàs y okacðikàs ahtghklas gh ëc. Var ca ighgrnc, cn ndpcktul

lg gstn n``kðh lgpghlg lg cns nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc sugca qug sapartn gc _Pn, gspg`knc-

dghtg lgc ahtghkla gh nr`kccn. Var gc rkgsia patgh`knc lg ahtndkhn`kðh lg niuns

suotgrrîhgns, cn dgjar prî`tk`n gs su gckdkhn`kðh a ahtgh`kðh.

N`tuncdghtg sg utkckznh dntgrkncgs nkscnhtgs pnrn ckdktnr a gckdkhnr gc davkdkghta

lgc ckxkvknla y lg cas insgs eugrn lgc _Pn. Du`bns vg`gs gc gdpcga lg nr`kccn bn skla

gc dëtala dîs utkckznla pgra ha gs >66% g`nz. Pkh gdonria, gc usa lg nkscnhtgs

eardnlas par uhn adokhn`kðh dkxtn lg igadgdornhns y nr`kccn gs cn ap`kðh dîs

sgiurn y të`hk`ndghtg nlgùnln.

n. _gùorkdkghtas skhtëtk as lg dgdornhn gxkocg (PDE)

Pah cas rgùorkdkghtas dîs nlgùnlas y ha lgogrîh gx`glgr lg <6 dd.

o. _gùorkdkghtas nrtke kncgs lg nr kccn

Pah ap`kahncgs y lgogh tghgr uh gspgsar dähkda lg 6.06 d. ah uhn adpn`tn`kðh

rgcntkvn lg par ca dghas ;6%. cn pgrdgnokcklnl dîxkdn nldkskocg gs lg

>•>6 -5 `d./s.

_Pn VN_N _W & _G@BNZAP 6 >

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Onrrgrn sgh`kccn - dkxtn

Onrrgrn sgh`kccn - dkxtn

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>07 >05



. Khstncn kahgs pnrn sgpnrnr, rgàigr y ncdn`ghnr ckxkvknlas

Whn vgz qug sg bnh rgùpgrnla cas ckxkvknlas dglknhtg uh tuoa trnhsvgrsnc, cas cä-

quklas sah ccgvnlas n uh lgpðskta lg rgtgh`kðh pnrn cugia sgr rglkrkiklas n pcnhtns

gspg`kncgs uok`nlns pnrn su lgokla trntndkghta y rgùpgrn`kðh.

l. _g k cnjg lg ckxkvknlasWh dëtala gs bn`gr rg`krùcnr gc ckxkvknlas rgàcg`tnla par gc vgrtglgra, lurnhtg

cns prkdgrns gtnpns. @unhla gc ckxkvknla sg rg`krùcnh cas adpugstas sg lkcuygh

y ntghúnh. Gc ckxkvknla rgàikla gh cns skiukghtgs gtnpns lgogrî earzasndghtg sgrlkrkikla n khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs pnrn su trntndkghta.

g. Gvnparn kðh lg ckxkvknlasGvnparn`kðh gh gstnhqugs gspg`kncgs pgra gs uh trntndkghta sgh`kcca y ahtndk-

hnhtg, par ca qug úctkdndghtg bn lgjnla lg usnrsg.

e. \rntndkghta lg ckxkvknlas_gnckznla gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs, hardncdghtg sg gdpcgnh pra`gsas quädkàs

y okacðikàs tncgs ada: ngraokas y nhngraokas, lg eardn duy pnrg`kln n ada sg

trntnh cns niuns rgskluncgs gh lgpurnlarns.

9.Igstkðh lg niuns supgre`kncgs

Kiuncdghtg kdpartnhtg n cn igstkðh lg insgs y ckxkvknlas, ca gs cn igstkðh lg niuns

supgr`kncgs, kh`cuyghla ccuvkn, gsàrrghtän, nrrayas khtgrdktghtgs, onjnlns lg ccuvkn,

gt`.

9.> Pkstgdns lg àhtrac

Gckdkhnr a rglu`kr cn nhtklnl lg niun supgr`knc qug ghtrn nc _Pn gs lg uhn kdpar -

tnh`kn euhlndghtnc pnrn gc lksgþa lgc rgccgha gh sk dksda, parqug gc niun supgr`knc

gs cn dnyar ahtrkou`kðh nc vacudgh tatnc lg ckxkvknlas. Ha sg lgog pgrdktkr qug cn

gsàrrghtän lg cns niuns lg tardghtn lg cas ncrglglargs ghtrg gh gc _Pn.

n. Khstncn kahgs lg lrghnjg pnrn niuns supgre kncgs

Gh cuinrgs `gr`nhas n gsàrrghtäns hnturncgs lg niuns pcuvkncgs pra`glghtgs lg cas

ncrglglargs, sg lgog khstncnr uh skstgdn qug sgpnrg cn gsàrrghtän lg cas ncrglgla-

rgs y sg pratgjn gc _Pn, nsän ada cns gsàrrghtäns qug sg pralu`gh gh cn supgr`kg

lgc rgccgha.

Vnrn tnc nsa lgogrîh ahstrukrsg uhn sgrkg lg nhncgs ncrglglar y saorg cas rgccg-

has qug nckdghtnrîh n uh nhnc prkh`kpnc npnrtnla lgc cuinr.

o. Gstnhqugs lg ncdn`ghndkghta lg niun pcuvknc

Gh du`bas nsas gs hg`gsnrka cn ahstru``kðh lg gstnhqugs pnrn dnhgjnr cas

`nulncgs, ahtghgr y lgsvknr cas ujas lg cas nhncgs pcuvkncgs, dkhkdkznhla cns

khuhln`kahgs.

Eki.9< Vra`gsa lg sgccnla khtgrdglkad lg rgskluas. _gccgha snhktnrkalg _gskluas gspg`kncgs lgOórrki-Mõch. Ncgdnhkn @artgsänlg Onygr - @urrghtn.Cgvgrmusgh. ?6>6.

Eki.97 Pkstgdn Khtgirnc pnrn gc trntn-dkghta lg ckxkvknlas gdpcgnhlatkgrrns búdglns àhstruklns.

5.0 _gàikln lg ckxkvknlas

n. \grrnzns kh ckhnlnsVnrn gvktnr cn nùducn`kðh gh gc eahla , gstg sg irnlún gh uhn sgrkg lg tgrrnzns ah

kh`ckhn`kðh ada sk eugrn uh täpkà tg`ba lg vkvkghln. Cn pghlkghtg gs hardncdgh-

tg > - 7% y cn pghlkghtg lg cas nhncgs lg rgàcg``kðh gs lg 6.7 - >%.

o. Eahla ah tuogräns

Gh gc eahla sg aca`nh tuoas lg >6 d lg sg``kðh, cahiktulkhncdghtg par gh`kdn

lg cn igadgdornhn. Gstas tuoas ùghtnh ah pgrearn`kahgs artnlns n cîsgr, skdk-

cnrgs n uh acnlar.Cas artgs gstîh gspn`knlas nln 6.5 d. y gc tndnþa lgc àrtg gs 6.666?7 d. Gc

eahla lgogrî gstnr skgdprg kh`ckhnla lg >.? - >.2%, cas tuoas gspn`knlas nln 5.66

d. y lgogh gstnr uokgrtas ah uhn npn lg nrghn a irnvn lg 6.56 d.

>09 >02



- Ighgrn`kðh pgr îpktn

Vp` 4 Vralu``kðh par bnoktnhtg par län(mi/bno/län).

LPr 4 @nhtklnl lg _W rgàcg`tnlas ghuhn

sgdnhn (mi/sgd).Vao 4 Vaocn`kðh tatnc (bno).( 9 ) 4 Läns lg cn sgdnhn.@ao 4 @aogrturn lgc sgrvk`ka (%).

- @aogrturn lgc sgrvk`ka

@ao 4 @aogrturn lgc sgrvk`ka (%)

Vao N\ 4 Vaocn`kðh ntghlkln.Vao \A\ 4 Vaocn`kðh \atnc.

Vp` pradglka 4 6.5 - >.? Mi./bno./län

- Vralu``kðh tatnc

LPl 4 @nhtklnl lg _PD pralu`klaspar län (mi/län)

Vao 4 Vaocn`kðh tatnc (bnoktnhtgs)Vp` 4 Vralu``kðh pgr `îpktn (mi/bno-län)

Kh`rgdghta Vp` nhunc 4 6,7 y >.6 %

2. Lksgþa y trnznla prgckdkhnr lg _Pn

2.> \rnznla prgckdkhnr

Gh cn pcnhk`n`kðh lg uhn zahn pnrn rgccgha snhktnrka sg lgog lgtgrdkhnr gh gc trnzn-

la prgckdkhnr cas skiukghtgs adpahghtgs:

• @nrrgtgrns lg n``gsa.

• Zahns pnrn iunrlnr gqukpas pgsnlas, dnqukhnrkn y gqukpndkghta.• Oîsùcns y pgsnjg (sk sg usnh).

• Gspn`ka pnrn cns dnhkaorns lg ncdn`ghnjg y gvnùn kðh lg __.

• Îrgn lg vgrtkla.

• Îrgn pnr ncdn`ghndkghta y rgtkra lg dntgrknc lg ùork`kðh.

• Khstncn`kahgs pnrn lrghnjg y trntndkghta lg ckxkvknlas.

• Khstncn`kahgs pnrn cn igstkðh lg insgs.

• Ca`nckzn`kðh lg pazas lg supgrvkskðh.

• Vcnhtn`kahgs (vkvgras)

2.? Kheardn kðh oîsk`n

n. Nspg tas lgdairîeàs- Vaocn`kðh

Gs hg`gsnrka aha`gr gc húdgra lg bnoktnhtgs dgtn pnrn lghkr cns nhtklnlgslg _W qug sg bnh lg lkspahgr.

- Vrayg``kðh lg cn paocn`kðh

_gsuctn lg sudn kdpartnh`kn gstkdnr cn paocn`kðh euturn qug tghlrî cn aduhk-

lnl par ca dghas ghtrg cas prðxkdas 7 n >6 nþas, n h lg `ncùcnr cn nhtklnl

lg _W qug sg lgogrî lkspahgr lknrkn y nhuncdghtg n ca cnria lg cn vkln útkc lgc

rgccgha snhktnrka. Gc rg`kdkghta lg cn paocn`kðh sg palrî gstkdnr par dëtalas

dntgdîtkàs.

o. Ighgrn kðh lg _gskluas

LGEKHK@KAHGP

Igatgxtkc Cîdkhns ctrnhtgs lg pratg``kðh àh

orns lg packprapkcgha a packgstgr.

Igairkl - Igadnccn - Igalrëh

* Nh`cnjg lg rgùorkdkghtas gh

tgrrghas khgstnocgs.* Vratg``kðh dg`îhk`n lgigadgornhns y igatgxtkcgs.

* Pustktu`kðh lg npns lg lrghnjg.

Eki.95 \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðhlg sgccnla hnc lg rgccghas

snhktnrkas.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

@ÎC@WCAP \Ë@HK@AP

@ÎC@WCA LG VAOCN@KÐHEW\W_N

Ve 4 Va (> + r)h

Ve 4 Vaocn`kðh euturnVa 4 Vaocn`kðh n`tuncr 4 \nsn lg `rg`kdkghta lg cn

paocn`kðhh 4 (t hnc ‐ t khk`knc)

khtgrvnca gh nþas t 4 vnrknocg tkgdpa (gh nþas)

9.? @aogrturn ehnc supgrkar

Cas prapðsktas prkh`kpncgs lg cn uork`kðh hnc lgc rgccgha sah:

>/ Dkhkdkznr gc khirgsa lg ccuvkn y hkgvg nc khtgrkar lgc _Pn.

?/ Ckdktnr cn snckln khàhtracnln lg insgs.

0/ Puprkdkr cn prackegrn`kðh lg vg`targs.

</ Ckdktnr gc patgh`knc lg kh`ghlkas

7/ Vrapar`kahnr uhn supgr`kg nptn pnrn cn rgvgigtn`kðh y hugvns n`tkvklnlgs.5/ Pgrvkr àda gcgdghta `ghtrnc lg cn rgùpgrn`kðh pnksnjästk`n lgc cuinr.

@ADVAHGH\GP LGC PGCCNLA

@npn supgr`knc 88 @ahtarhgnr cn supgr`kg y sapartg lg cns pcnhtns qug

sg utkckznrîh gh gc lksgþa lg cnusurn n cnria pcnza.

(@aogrturn lg sugca eërtkc ca`nc a kdpartnla).

@npn pratg`tarn 88 Vratgig cns `npns lg lrghnjg y lg onrrgrn.

(@aogrturn lg sugca ca`nc a kdpartnla).

@npn lg lrghnjg 88 \rnhspartg lg niuns lg ccuvkn y hkgvg qug sg ctrnh.

(Nrghn, irnvn a igatgxtkc pnrn sgpnrn`kðh)

@npn lg onrrgrn 88 _gstrkhikr cn ghtrnln lg cäquklas y cn snckln lg insgs

(Igadgdornhns)

Puo-onsg 88 @ahtarhgnr cn supgr`kg y sgrvkr lg onsg pnrn cn `npn

lg onrrgrn. (Pugca hntkva adpn`tnla).

_GPKLWAP UG_\KLAP

Puo-onsg lg sugca àdpn`tnla

Nr`kccn adpn`tnlnIgadgdornhn

@npn lg lrghnjg

Lrghnjg ah Igadnccn

Ekctra Igatgxtkc

Pugcas lg rgccgha

Dnhtkcca - sugca eërtkc

Ugigtn`kðh

P G C C N L A

E K H N C

@ a h

e c t r a

i g a t g x t k c

P G C C N L A

E K H N C

@ a h o n r r g r n d k x t n

P G C C N L A

E K H N C

@ a h i g a d n c c n

P G C C N L A

E K H N C

@ a h v g i g t n ` k ð h

p r a e u h l n

6.06 d. 6.06 d.

6.56 d.

6.56 d.

6.56 d.

6.06 d.

6.06 d.6.56 n>.66 d.

6.56 n>.66 d.

6.06 n6.56 d.

>.76 n?.<6 d.

6.06 n6.56 d.

>,7 dd.

>,7 dd.

>,7 dd.

>,7 dd.

_ _

_ _

_ _

_ _

l r g h n j g l g

n r g h n

a i r n v n

Lsl (Mi./län)

Vao • @aoVp` 4

Vao N\ (Bno.)

Vao \A\ (Bno.)@ao (%) 4 LPl (Mi./län) 4 Vao • Vp`

>0; ><6



2.7 Lksgþa lg tnculgs

n. Aorns lg tkgrrnCas rgccghas snhktnrkas pnrn rgskluas uronhas sah aorns lg khighkgrän ahstruklns

gh gc sugca y du`bns lg sus gstru`turns a pnrtgs sah gjgùtnlns ah tkgrrn. Ghtrg

cns prkh`kpncgs aorns lg uh rgccgha iurnh: ahstru``kðh lg tgrrnpcghgs a lkqugs

lg ahtgh`kðh, ahstru``kðh lg ogrdns lg gqukckorka, gx`nvn`kðh lg trkh`bgrns,

gx`nvn`kðh lg nhncgs lg lrghnjg, ahstru``kðh lg n``gsas gh tkgrrn y lg npns lgtkgrrn adpn`tnln pnrn kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh a pratg``kðh.

Gh cns gtnpns lg ahstru``kðh y apgrn`kðh, uha lg cas prkh`kpncgs nspg`tas qug sg

lgog tghgr gh ughtn pnrn cas rgccghas snhktnrkas gs cn gstnokcklnl lg cas tnculgs lg

tkgrrn y lg cas tgrrnpcghgs lg onsurn.

o. Lgehk kðh lg tncul

Pg lghadkhn tncul n cn supgr`kg qug lgckdktn cn gxpcnhn`kðh cntgrncdghtg.

Gh artgs, gc tncul gstî adprghlkla ghtrg gc puhta lg bnîh y gc eahla lgc nhnc.

Gh tgrrnpcghgs, gc tncul gstî adprghlkla ghtrg gc bnîh (pntn lgc tgrrnpcëh) y gc

oarlg lg cn ogrdn. Cn àhvgh`kðh usnln pnrn lghkr gc tncul gs gh cn eardn lg –P—

uhklnlgs gh sghtkla barkzahtnc par uhn uhklnl gh sghtkla vgrtk`nc.

. Lksgþa lg tnculgs

- \nculgs gh artg

\ghkghla gh ughtn qug pnrn cn ahstru``kðh lg uh rgccgha snhktnrka sg rgàdkgh-

ln qug gc tgrrgha sgn lg uh dntgrknc rgcntkvndghtg kdpgrdgnocg (nrghn hn dgz-

`cnln ah ckda, nr`kccn) y qug cns ncturns lgc artg (B) sgnh dghargs lg 5 dgtras,

sg puglg gstnocg`gr ada hardn qug ha sg rgqukgrgh gstulkas lg gstnokcklnl pnrn

lghkr gc tncul dîs nprapknla.

Vnrn uh artg lg onjn ncturn sg puglg rgàdghlnr uh tncul úhkà= pnrn ncturns

dnyargs palrîh rgqugrkrsg las tnculgs lkvgrsas. N ahtkhun`kðh sg prgsghtn uh

ùnlra qug puglg sgr utkckznln saorg cn onsg lg cn gxpgrkgh`kn lg vnrkas pnäsgs

àh rgspg`ta n cn lghk`kðh lg cas tnculgs lg àrtg.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

UNCA_GP LG LGHPKLNL LGLKPGÞA VN_N:

LKN_KN(onsurn rg`këh àdpn`tnln)

<66 - 766 Mi./d0

UACWDGH LGC _GCCGHA(onsurn gstnokckznln gh gc rgccgha)

766 - 566 Mi./d0

Eki.99 Lghk`kðh lg tnculgs. Gcnoarn -`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

. Lghsklnl lg cas rgskluas

Cn lghsklnl a gc pgsa vacudëtrkà lg cas _W gs atra pnrîdgtra kdpartnhtg n tadnr

gh gc lksgþa lgc skstgdn lg lkspask`kðh hnc lg rgskluas. Gh cn _gikðh, sg tkghgh

vncargs lg ghtrg ?66 y 066 Mi./d0. pnrn cn onsurn sugctn, gs lg`kr, npghns rgàikln.

\ncgs vncargs sah dnyargs qug cas qug prgsghtnh cas pnäsgs khlustrknckznlas.

Vnrn ncùcnr cns lkdghskahgs lg cn gcln lknrkn y gc vacudgh lgc rgccgha, sg pug -

lgh gstkdnr cns skiukghtgs lghsklnlgs:

2.0 @îcùca lgc vacudgh rgqugrkla pnrn gc _Pn

Cas rgqugrkdkghtas lg gspn`ka lgc rgccgha snhktnrka gstîh gh euh`kðh lg:

• Cn pralu``kðh tatnc lg _W.

• Cn aogrturn lg rgàcg``kðh

(cn ahlk`kðh rätk`n lg lksgþa gs rg`kokr gc >66% lg cas rgskluas ighgrnlas).

• Cn lghsklnl lg cas _W gstnokckznlas gh gc rgccgha snhktnrka dnhunc.

• Cn nhtklnl lgc dntgrknc lg aogrturn (?6-?7%) lgc vacudgh

àdpn`tnla lg _W.

2.< @îcùca lgc îrgn rgqugrkln pnrn gc _Pn

@ah gc vacudgh sg puglg gstkdnr gc îrgn rgqugrkln pnrn cn ahstru``kðh lgc rgccgha

snhktnrka, ah cn praeuhlklnl a ncturn qug tghlrän gc rgccgha. Gstn saca sg aha`grî sk

sg tkghg uhn klgn ighgrnc lg cn tapairneän. Gc rgccgha snhktnrka lgog prayg`tnrsg pnrn

uh dähkda lg `khà nþas y uh dîxkda vnrknocg. Gstg tkgdpa sg ccndn vkln útkc a

pgrkala lg lksgþa.

@ÎC@WCAP \Ë@HK@AP

- Îrgn par rgccghnr su`gskvndghtg

U_P 4 Uacudgh lg rgccgha snhktnrka (d0 /nþa)N_P 4 Îrgn par rgccghnr su`gskvndghtg

(d?)b_P 4 ncturn a praeuhlklnl dglkn lgc

rgccgha snhktnrka (d.)

- Îrgn tatnc rgqugrkln

N\ 4 Îrgn tatnc rgqugrkln (d?)E 4 En`tar lg nudghta lgc îrgn

nlk`kahnc rgqugrkln pnrn cns väns lg pghgtrn`kðh, îrgns lg rgtkra n

ckhlgras, g khstncn`kahgs snhktnrkns,pntka lg dnhkaorns, gt`. Gstg gsghtrg ?6-<6% lgc îrgn qug sglgogrî rgccghnr.

U_P b_P

N_P 4 N\ 4 N_P • E

@ÎC@WCAP \Ë@HK@AP

- Uacudgh lg rgskluas uronhas

Ulknrka 4 Uacudgh lg _PD par lkspahgrgh uh län (d0 /län).

U nhunc 4 Uacudgh lg _W gh uh nþa(d0 /nþa).

L@p 4 @nhtklnl lg _W pralu`klas(mi./län)

(057 ) 4 Gqukvncghtg n uh nþa (läns).Lrsd 4 Lghsklnl lg cas _W rg`këh

àdpn`tnlas (<66-766 mi./d0) ylgc rgccgha gstnokckznla (766-566mi./d0).

- Uacudgh dntgrknc lg àogrturn

- Uacudgh lgc rgccgha snhktnrka

d`. 4 Dntgrknc lg àogrturn gqukvncg nc

?6 n ?7% lgc vacudgh lg caslgsg`bas rg`këh àdpn`tnlas.

U_P 4 Uacudgh lgc rgccgha snhktnrka(d0 /nþa).

U_P(vu) 4 Uacudgh rgccgha snhktnrka lurnhtg cn vkln útkc (d0).

L@p (Mi./län)

Lrsd (mi./d0)Ulknrka 4

U nhunc àdpn`tnla 4 Ulknrka • (057)

d`. 4 U nhunc àdpn`tnla • (6.?6 ð 6.?7)

U_P 4 U nhunc àdpn`tnla + d`.

U_P(vu) 4 • U_PΠh

k 4 >

@bneîh

@bneîh

Cähgn lg artg

>

>

P

P

Eahla lg `nhnc

Oarlg lg ogrdn

Eahla lg `nhnc

@A_\G

CCGHA

\grrgha hnturnc

\grrgha hnturnc

><> ><?



- @ahiurn`kðh hnc lgc rgccgha

Gs cn aheardn`kðh lgc tgrrgha uhn vgz qug sg tgrdkhg su vkln útkc. Gs kdpartnhtg

rgprgsghtnrcn gh uh pcnha tapairîà pnrn prgsghtnr cas hkvgcgs dîxkdas qug

nc`nhznrî cn aorn lg nùgrla ah cn vkskðh lgc prayg`tkstn.

2.9 @îcùca `npn klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc sktka - Dëtala trkh`bgrn

n. Uacudgh lg cn znhjnN pnrtkr lg cn vkln útkc lg cn znhjn, sg ncùcn gc vacudgh lg gx`nvn`kðh y gc

tkgdpa rgqugrkla lg cn dnqukhnrkn ah cn eðrducn nljuhtn.

o. Lkdghskahgs lg cn znhjn

Cns lkdghskahgs lg cn znhjn gstnrîh ckdktnlnspar:

• Cn praeuhlklnl lg cn znhjn, qug lgog sgr lg ? n < dgtras lg nùgrla ah gc

hkvgc ergîtkà, tkpa lg sugca y lg gqukpa y astas lg gx`nvn`kðh.

• Gc nh`ba lg cn znhjn, qug lgog dglkr ghtrg 0 y 5 dgtras (nh`ba lgc gqukpa).

Gsta gs ahvghkghtg pnrn gvktnr gc n`nrrga lg cnrin lkstnh`kn lg cn onsurn y gc

dntgrknc lg aogrturn, ca unc kdpck`n dgjargs rghlkdkghtas lg trnonja. Nsä,

cn apgrn`kðh puglg sgr pcnhgnln lgjnhla uh cnla pnrn nùducnr cn tkgrrn y gc

atra pnrn cn lgs`nrin lg cas _W. Lgpghlkghla lgc irnla lg adpn`tn`kðh y lgc

`ckdn, sg puglg usnr cn supgr`kg lg uhn znhjn tgrdkhnln pnrn cn lgs`nrin lgcas rgskluas.

• Gc cnria gstî ahlk`kahnla nc tkgdpa lg lurn`kðh a vkln útkc lg cn znhjn (vgr

eðrducn).

. Ukln útkc lgc tgrrghaGh ca qug rgspg`tn nc dëtala lg znhjn, uhn vgz ncùcnla su vacudgh, supahg-

das uh en`tar pnrn cns îrgns nlk`kahncgs (sgpnrn`kðh ghtrg znhjns, väns lg krù-

cn`kðh, nkscndkghta, gt`.) y cugia sg gstkdn gc húdgra lg znhjns qug sg palränh

gx`nvnr gh gc tgrrgha.

2.2 @îcùca `npn klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc sktka - Dëtala lg îrgn

n. @îc uca lg cn npn klnl vacudëtrk n lgc sktkaCn npn`klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc sktka gs gc vacudgh tatnc lkspahkocg lgc tgrrgha pnrn

rg`kokr y ncdn`ghnr cn onsurn y gc dntgrknc lg aogrturn qug aheardnh gc rgccgha

snhktnrka. Gh atrns pncnorns, gs gc vacudgh adprghlkla ghtrg cn supgr`kg lg

lgspcnhtg y cn supgr`kg hnc lgc rgccgha, pnrn ca unc gs khlkspghsnocg lgtgrdkhnr

cn npn`klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc tgrrgha.

Gh ighgrnc, gxkstgh las dëtalas pnrn rgnckznr gstg tkpa lg îcùca:

• Uacúdghgs lg irnh cahiktul y pa`n nh`burn.

• Uacúdghgs lg irnh gxtghskðh (gxtghsas gh ndons lkrg``kahgs).

@lr.0; \nculgs rgàdghlnlas ghàrtg. Eughtg: JN_NDKCCA,JA_IG –Iuän pnrn gc lksgþa,àhstru``kðh y apgrn`kahgs lg_gccghas Pnhktnrkas Dnhun-cgs–. AVP / @GVKP - AVP /ADP.Whkvgrsklnl lg Nhtka-qukn, @acadokn. ?66?.Ap. `kt. - pp.;9.

Eki.92 \kpas lg \nculgs gh artg.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

@ÎC@WCAP \Ë@HK@AP

@ÎC@WCA UACWDGH LG CN ZNHJN

Uz 4 Uacudgh lg cn znhjn (d0) t 4 \kgdpa lg vkln útkc (läns)LPr 4 @nhtklnl lg _W rgàcg`tnlas

(mi/län).d`. 4 Dntgrknc lg àogrturn

(?6-?7% lgc vac. adpn`tnla).Lrsd 4 Lghsklnl lg cas _W gh gc

rgccgha (mi/d0).

@ÎC@WCA CAHIK\WL LG CN ZNHJN

C 4 Cnria a cahiktul lg cn znhjn(d.)Uz 4 Uacudgh lg cn znhjn (d0)

n 4 Nh`ba (d.)bz 4 Vraeuhlklnl (d.)

@ÎC@WCA HÚDG_A LG ZNHJNP

h 4 Húdgra lg znhjns.Nt 4 Îrgn tatnc lgc tgrrgha (d?).E 4 En`tar pnrn îrgns nlk`kahncgs

lg >.? n >.< (?6-<6%).Nz 4 Îrgn lg cn znhjn (d?).

@ÎC@WCA UKLN Ú\KC LGC _GCCGHA

Uu 4 Ukln útkc lgc tgrrgha (nþas).\z 4 \kgdpa lg sgrvk`ka lg cn

znhjn (läns).

\NCWLGP _G@ADGHLNLAP GH @A_\G

\kpa lg dntgrknc

\ncul rgà-dghlnocg–P— (ncturnlgc artg Bbnstn 5 d.)

Aosgrvn`kahgs

Nrghns ckdasnsy ckdas àdpn`tas

´

m 4 >6-9 `d./s. Lgsàpgtnr >:> cn pnrtg supgrkar dîs khtgdpgrkznln. Pksah dntgrkncgs eî`kcdghtg graskahn- ocgs, lgogrî prayg`tnrsg tncul >:>

Nrghns ckdasns yckda paà àdpn`ta

³

m 4 >6-9 `d./s. @ahtrnùhgtn kdpgr -dgnocg. Lgsàpgtnr >,7:> cn pnrtgdîs khtgdpgrkznln.

Nrghns ckdasns yckdas duy àdpn`tas

³m 4 >6-9 `d./s. Lgsàpgtnr cn pnrtgsupgrkar sugctn.

Nr`kccns paànrghasns, rdgs ybadaiëhgns

´

m 4 >6-2 `d/s. Lgsàpgtnr >:> cn pnrtg khtgdpgrkznln. Pk gxkstg ujalg niun, àhstrukr suolrghnjg.

Nr`kccns ocnhlnsgxpnhskvns

> m 4 >6-2 d/s

- \nculgs gh tgrrnpcëh

Gh tgrrnpcghgs, lnla gc ahtrac qug sg tkghg gh cn gxtrn``kðh, sgcg``kðh y aca`n-

`kðh lgc dntgrknc qug eardn gc rgccgha (ccgha gh tkgrrn), gc vncar qug adúhdghtg

sg usn gh tnculgs gs gc >.7:>.

Gh rgcn`kðh ah cas tnculgs lg onsurn pnrn cn àheardn`kðh lg cas tgrrnpcghgs ghgc rgccgha snhktnrka, sg rgàdkghln ?:> ð 0:>. Pg inrnhtkznrî su gstnokcklnl ah

uhn oughn adpn`tn`kðh lg cns onsurns y cn àhstru``kðh lg tnculgs adpugstas

àh ogrdn khtgrdglkn.

2.5 Pgcg` kðh lgc dëtala lg rgccgha

@ada yn sg dgh`kahð, gc lksgþa lgc rgccgha snhktnrka lgpghlg lgc dëtala nlaptnla,

trkh`bgrn, îrgn a su adokhn`kðh, lg nùgrla ah cns ahlk`kahgs tapairî`ns lgc

sktka, cns nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc sugca y cn praeuhlklnl lgc hkvgc ergîtkà.

Gc lksgþa lgog prgsghtnr lg cn skiukghtg dnhgrn cas pcnhas qug arkghtgh cn àhstru -

`kðh lgc rgccgha snhktnrka:

- @aheardn`kðh lgc tgrrgha arkikhnc

Cn aheardn`kðh lgc tgrrgha arkikhnc gs aotghkln n pnrtkr lgc cgvnhtndkghta

tapairîà lgc sktka lahlg sg ahstrukrî gc rgccgha snhktnrka, y gs hg`gsnrkn pnrn

gcnoarnr cas îcùcas y gc lksgþa lg cn aorn.

- @ahiurn`kðh khk`knc lgc lgspcnhtg a sugca lg sapartg

Ighgrncdghtg, gc sktka sgcg``kahnla lgog sgr prgpnrnla, tnhta pnrn ahstrukr

cns aorns lg kherngstru`turn hg`gsnrkns ada pnrn orkhlnr uhn nlgùnln onsg lg

sapartg nc rgccgha snhktnrka y aotghgr gc dntgrknc lg aogrturn lgc prapka tgrrgha.

Gstas ndokas sg prgsghtnh gh uh pcnha tapairîà n h lg arkghtnr nc ahstru`-

tar gh gc davkdkghta lg tkgrrns

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. Uacúdghgs lg irnh gxtghskðh

Dëtala >. Lg cn rgtäùcn

@unhla sg trntn lg bnccnr gc vacudgh lg uh tgrrgha lg irnh gxtghskðh y pa`n

praeuhlklnl, gc trnonja lg `ndpa àhskstg gh ùorkr gc îrgn lg cn supgr`kg lg

lgspcnhtg ah uhn rgtäùcn lg unlras y aotghgr cas hkvgcgs lg sus vërtk`gs.

Gc vacudgh tatnc sg puglg ncùcnr ada cn sudn lg vacúdghgs lg talas cas

prksdaklgs qug tkghgh àda îrgn trnhsvgrsnc uh ùnlra lg cn rgtäùcn y àda ncturncn lkstnh`kn n cn supgr`kg hnc lgc rgccgha. Gstn ncturn gstnrî lnln par gc pradglka

lg cns lkstnh`kns ghtrg cn supgr`kg lg cn ahiurn`kðh hnc lgc rgccgha y cas

vërtk`gs lgc unlrnla.

Dëtala ?. N pnrtkr lg cns urvns lg hkvgc

@ahskstg gh lgtgrdkhnr gc vacudgh gxkstghtg ghtrg cas pcnhas barkzahtncgs lgc

tgrrgha, pnrn ca unc gs hg`gsnrka ncùcnr cns îrgns, cugia pradglknrcns y ductkpck-

`nrcns par cn lkegrgh`kn lg ncturn qug cns sgpnrn. Pg pnrtg lg cn gùn`kðh utkckznlngh gc dëtala n pnrtkr lg cns îrgns gxtrgdns. (∅b 4 lkegrgh`kn lg ncturns ghtrg cns

îrgns).

Dkghtrns dîs pgqugþa gs gc kh`rgdghta ∅b, dnyar sgrî cn prg`kskðh lgc dëtala.

Nlgdîs, sgrî dîs eî`kc lg usnr sk sg tkghg gc cgvnhtndkghta tapairîà ah urvns

lg hkvgc nln dgtra y sk sg utkckzn uh pcnhädgtra pnrn gc îcùca lg cns îrgns. Gstg

gs gc dëtala dîs adúh gh gc nsa lg irnhlgs rgccghas snhktnrkas. Var tnhta, cn

`npn`klnl vacudëtrk`n lgc sktka gstî lnln ighgrncdghtg par cn skiukghtg gùn`kðh:

@unhla cns îrgns tadnlns sah gquklkstnhtgs ghtrg sä:

Eki.9; Uac. cahiktulkhnc ncrglglar lg uh gjg

Eki.26 Vrksdaklgs

Eki.2> Vrksdaklg àh îrgns gxtrgdns

Eki.2? _gtkùcnla lgc vacudgh lg vgrtkla

Lahlg:b>, b?,...bH

4 \alns cns ncturns lgcn rgtäùcn

H 4 Húdgra tatnc lg ncturnsn 4 nh`ba tatnc lg rgtäùcnC 4 Cnria tatnc lg rgtäùcn

Eki.20 Pg``kðh pnrn îcùca lg urvns y ncturns

o. Uacúdghgs lg irnh cahiktul (ncrglglar lg uh gjg)

Var ca ighgrnc, gc trnonja lg ndpa gh gstn ntgiarän lg lgtgrdkhn`kðh lg vacú-

dghgs adprghlg cn aotgh`kðh lg sg``kahgs trnhsvgrsncgs n khtgrvncas rgiucnrgs n

ca cnria lg uh gjg lgc prayg`ta (packiahnc). Vrkdgra sg ncùcnh cns îrgns lg gstns

sg``kahgs y cugia, usnhla cn rgicn lg Pkdpsah pnrn vacúdghgs a cn lgc prksdaklg,

puglg `ncùcnrsg gc vacudgh lgc dntgrknc qug sg lgogrî rgtkrnr a àca`nr.

Dëtala >. @îcùca lgc vacudgh par cn rgicn lg Pkdpsah

Dëtala ?. @îcùca lgc vacudgh par cn rgicn lgc prksdaklg

Gc prksdaklg sg lghg ada uh sðckla qug tkghg las nrns pcnhns y pnrncgcns lg

eardn rgiucnr a krrgiucnr, uhklns par supgr`kgs pcnhns a ncnognlns, gh cns qug sg puglnh trnznr rg`tns lgslg uhn bnstn cn atrn `nrn pnrncgcn.

Dëtala 0. Uacudgh n pnrtkr lg c ns îrgns gxtrgdns

N pnrtkr lgc gjg lgc prayg`ta y lg cn hkvgcn`kðh par ernhjns lg uh tgrrgha, sg puglg

`ncùcnr gc vacudgh ghtrg las sg``kahgs trnhsvgrsncgs ahsgùtkvns, ductkpck`nhla

gc pradglka lg cns îrgns lg cns sg``kahgs par cn lkstnh`kn qug cns sgpnrn (pnrn gstnr

dîs gr`n lg cn rgncklnl, sg rgàdkghln trndas lg ?6 dgtras)

Gstn eðrducn sgrî dîs prg`ksn n dglkln qug N> y N? tkghlnh n sgr kiuncgs. Gh ig -

hgrnc, cn prg`kskðh lg gstg dëtala gs dîs qug su`kghtg, pugsta qug sg supahg qug

gc tgrrgha sgrî hkvgcnla uhkeardgdghtg ghtrg cns las sg``kahgs, nuhqug sg snog

qug gc vacudgh rgnc gs uh tnhta lkegrghtg.

l 0

Uacudgh 4 • N> + N7 + ?(N0) + <(N? + N<) d0

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Eki.2< \kpas lg sg``kðh lg `nhncgs lglrghnjg lg niuns lggsàrrghtän.

Eki.27 Lkdghskahgs y `îcùca lg uh`nhnc trnpgzaklnc täpkà. Gcnoa-rn`kðh prapkn. ?6>6.

@ÎC@WCAP \Ë@HK@AP

@ÎC@WCA DGLKA LG CKRKUKNLA

^cd 4 @nulnc dglka lg ckxkvknla ighgrnla (d0 /dgs)Vd 4 Vrg`kpktn`kðh dîxkdn dghsunc

(dd./dgs)N 4 Îrgn supgr`knc lgc rgccgha ( îrgn lg talas cns tgrrnzns)(d?)M 4 @ag`kghtg qug lgpghlg lgc

irnla lg adpn`tn`kðh lg cas __

Vnrn rgccghas lëokcdghtg adpn`tnlasàh pgsa gspg`äà lg 6,< n 6,9 tah./

d0, sg gstkdn uhn pralu``kðh lg ckxkvknlaghtrg ?7 y 76% (m 4 6,?7 n 6,76) lg prg-`kpktn`kðh dglkn nhunc arrgspahlkghtg ncîrgn lgc rgccgha.

Vnrn rgccghas eugrtgdghtg adpn`tnlasàh pgsa gspg`äà 8 6,9 tah./d0, sg gstk-dn uhn ighgrn`kðh lg ckxkvknla ghtrg >7 y?7% (m 4 6,>7 n 6,?7) lg cn prg`kpktn`kðhdglkn nhunc arrgspahlkghtg nc îrgn lgcrgccgha.

@ÎC@WCA UACWDGH LG CKRKUKNLA

Ucd 4 Uacudgh lg ckxkvknla qug sgrîncdn`ghnla (d0)

^ 4 @nulnc dglka lg ckxkvknla (d0 /dgs)

t 4 húdgra dîxkda lg dgsgs àhccuvkns ahsgùtkvns (dgs)

@ÎC@WCA CAHIK\WL LG ZNHJNP

Chi 4 Cahiktul lg cns znhjns lg ncdn`ghndkghta (d.)

U 4 Uacudgh lg ckxkvknla qug sgrîncdn`ghnla lurnhtg cas pgrkalas

lg ccuvkn (d0)N 4 Îrgn supgr`knc lg cn znhjn (d?)

Gc vacudgh lg ckxkvknla gstî euhlndghtncdghtg gh euh`kðh lg cn prg`kpktn`kðh

pcuvknc. Ha saca cn gsàrrghtän puglg ighgrnrca, tndokëh cns ccuvkns qug `ngh gh

gc îrgn lgc rgccgha bn`gh qug su nhtklnl nudghtg, yn sgn par cn prg`kpktn`kðh

lkrg`tn saorg cas rgskluas lgpasktnlas a par gc nudghta lg khctrn`kðh n trnvës

lg cns irkgtns gh gc tgrrgha.

Lgokla n cns lkegrghtgs ahlk`kahgs lg apgrn`kðh y ca`nckzn`kðh lg nln rgccgha,

cns tnsns gspgrnlns puglgh vnrknr= lg nbä qug lgonh sgr ncùcnlns pnrn nln

`nsa gh pnrtkùcnr. Paorg cn onsg lg cns aosgrvn`kahgs rgnckznlns gh vnrkasrgccghas, sg puglg nrdnr qug cn ighgrn`kðh lg ckxkvknla sg prgsghtn euhln-

dghtncdghtg lurnhtg cas pgrkalas lg ccuvkns y uhas unhtas läns lgspuës, y sg

khtgrrudpg lurnhtg cas pgrkalas sgàs.

Var tnc rnzðh, bnorî lg ncùcnr cn ighgrn`kðh lgc ckxkvknla gh euh`kðh lg cn prg-

`kpktn`kðh lg cas dgsgs lg ccuvkns y ha lg tala gc nþa. Gstg `rktgrka gs kdpar -

tnhtg n cn barn lg gstkdnr cn rgl lg lrghnjg a ncdn`ghndkghta lg ckxkvknla pnrn

cas rgccghas snhktnrkas.

n. Uacudgh lg ckxkvknlaGc ckxkvknla ighgrnla lgogrî sgr trntnla gh khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs, ncdn`g-

hnla gh znhjns eugrn lgc rgccgha. Vrairgskvndghtg sg ahstrukrîh dîs znhjns

sgiúh cns hg`gsklnlgs ca`ncgs.

o. Cahiktul lgc skstgdn lg znhjns pnrn gc ckxkvknla@ah gc nulnc aotghkla sg puglgh ncùcnr cns lkdghskahgs lgc skstgdn lg

znhjns pnrn gc ncdn`ghndkghta lg ckxkvknla, tnc ada sg khlk`n gh cn gùn`kðh

nljuhtn. Cns znhjns lgogrîh tghgr par ca dghas uh nh`ba lg 6,5 dgtras par

uh >.6 dgtras lg praeuhlklnl, skgdprg qug gc hkvgc ergîtkà gstë uh dgtra

dîs nonja y gc sugca tghin cns ahlk`kahgs lg kdpgrdgnokcklnl rgàdghlnlns

nhtgrkardghtg.

2.>> @îcùca lg cn `gcln lknrkn lg vgrtkla

@ada sg snog, cn gcln lknrkn gstî aheardnln oîsk`ndghtg par cas _W y gc dn -

tgrknc lg aogrturn y sgrî lkdghskahnln ah gc aojgta lg gàhadkznr tkgrrn, skh

pgrjuk`ka lgc rgùorkdkghta y àh gc h lg qug prapar`kahg uh erghtg lg trnonja

su`kghtg pnrn cn lgs`nrin y dnhkaorn lg cas vgbäùcas rgàcg`targs.

Cns lkdghskahgs y gc vacudgh lg cn gcln lknrkn lgpghlgh lg en`targs tncgs

àda:

• Cn `nhtklnl lknrkn lg _Wqug sg lgog lkspahgr.

• Gc irnla lg àdpn`tn`kðh.

• Cn ncturn lg cn `gcln dîs `ðdaln pnrn gc trnonja.

• Gc erghtg lg trnonja hg`gsnrka qug pgrdktn cn lgs`nrin.

Lgog hatnrsg qug cn lghsklnl usnln pnrn cn onsurn rg`këh adpn`tnln gs dghar

qug cn lg cn onsurn gstnokckznln qug sg gdpcgn pnrn gc `îcùca lgc vacudgh.

l. Ukln útkc lgc tgrrgha

Gc vacudgh lgc rgccgha “gs lg`kr, gc vacudgh adprghlkla ghtrg cns ahiurn-

`kahgs khk`knc y hnc lgc tgrrgha, ncùcnlns dglknhtg uncqukgrn lg cas dëtalas

lgs`rktas nhtgrkardghtg“ has lnrî gc vacudgh tatnc lkspahkocg. Gc îcùca lg cn

vkln útkc sg puglg gstkdn dglknhtg cn adpnrn`kðh lgc vacudgh tatnc lkspahkocg

lgc tgrrgha ah gc tatnc lg rgskluas n nùducnlas nþa trns nþa, bnstn ghàhtrnr uh

vncar skdkcnr a ckigrndghtg dnyar ghtrg ndoas.

2.; Lksgþa lg lrghnjgs

Gs kdpartnhtg gstulknr cn prg`kpktn`kðh pcuvknc lgc cuinr, ah gc h lg gstnocg`gr cns

`nrn`tgrästk`ns lg cas lrghnjgs pgrkdgtrncgs y cns aorns hg`gsnrkns. Nsä sg dkhkdkznrî

cn pralu``kðh lgc cäqukla ckxkvknla y sg gvktnrî cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg cns niuns.

Cns niuns lg ccuvkn qug ngh saorg cns îrgns vg`khns nc rgccgha snhktnrka sugcgh

gsùrrkrsg bnstn ëc, ca qug lkùctn cn apgrn`kðh lgc rgccgha. Khtgr`gptnr y lgsvknr gc

gsùrrkdkghta lg niuns lg ccuvkn par dglka lg uh nhnc pgrkdgtrnc eugrn lgc rgccgha

snhktnrka gs uh gcgdghta euhlndghtnc lg su kherngstru`turn, qug ahtrkoukrî n rglu`kr

gc vacudgh lgc ckxkvknla y dgjarnr cns ahlk`kahgs lg apgrn`kðh.

Gs hg`gsnrka ahstrukr uh nhnc gh tkgrrn a sugca-`gdghta lg eardn trnpgzaklnc y

lkdghskahnrca tghkghla gh ughtn cns ahlk`kahgs lg prg`kpktn`kðh ca`nc, gc îrgn

trkoutnrkn, cns nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc sugca, cn vgigtn`kðh y cn pghlkghtg lgc tgrrgha. Gc

`nhnc lgog sgr trnznla par cn urvn lg hkvgc dîs nctn n cn qug ccginrî gc oarlg lgc

rgccgha snhktnrka y lgogrî inrnhtkznr uhn vgca`klnl dîxkdn pradglka lg 6,7 dgtras

par sgiuhla, qug ha pravaqug graskðh gx`gskvn.

2.>6 Ighgrn kðh lg Ckxkvknla

Gc vacudgh lg ckxkvknla a gh uh rgccgha snhktnrka lgpghlg lg cas skiukghtgs en`targs:

• Vrg`kpktn`kðh pcuvknc gh gc îrgn lgc rgccgha.

• Gsàrrghtän supgr`knc y/a khctrn`kðh suotgrrîhgn.

• Gvnpatrnhspkrn`kðh.

• Budglnl hnturnc lg cas _W.

• Irnla lg adpn`tn`kðh.

• @npn`klnl lg `ndpa (`npn`klnl lgc sugca y lg cas _W pnrn rgtghgr budglnl).

ùokgrtn vgigtnc

\grrnpcëhPupgr`kg lgc niun

@A_\G

Pupgr`kg lgctgrrgha

6.76 d.ξ b

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6.06 -6.76 d.6.06 d. 6.06 d.

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@cnusurn &rg ahvgrskðh lg

oatnlgrasGc oatnlgra lg onsurn gs uhn lg cns prî`tk`ns lg lkspask`kðh hnc dîs nhtkiuns

qug bn utkckznla gc badorg pnrn trntnr lg lgsbn`grsg lg cas rgskluas qug ëc dksda

pralu`g gh sus lkvgrsns n`tkvklnlgs. Pg cg ccndn oatnlgra nc sktka lahlg cas rgskluas

uronhas sg nonhlahnh skh sgpnrn`kðh hk trntndkghta nciuha. Gstg cuinr sugcg euh`ka-

hnr skh rktgrkas të`hkàs gh uhn zahn lg rg`nrin sktunln juhta n uh ùgrpa lg niun,

uh lrghnjg hnturnc, gt`. Nccä ha gxkstg hkhiúh tkpa lg ahtrac snhktnrka hk sg kdpklg

cn ahtndkhn`kðh lgc ndokghtg= gc nkrg, gc niun y gc sugca sah lgtgrkarnlas par cn

eardn`kðh lg insgs y cäquklas ckxkvknlas, qugdns y budas, pacva y acargs hnusgn-

ouhlas.

Cas oatnlgras lg onsurn n kgca nokgrta sah uhn y bîoktnt lg enuhn ha`kvn trnhsdk-

sarn lg dúctkpcgs ghegrdglnlgs. Gh gccas sg aosgrvn cn prgsgh`kn lg pgrras, vn`ns,

`grlas y atras nhkdncgs qug rgprgsghtnh uh pgckira pnrn cn sncul y cn sgiurklnl

lg cas paocnlargs lg cn zahn, gspg`kncdghtg pnrn cns endkckns lg cas sgirginlargsqug saorgvkvgh gh ahlk`kahgs khernbudhns saorg cas dahtahgs lg onsurn a gh sus

ncrglglargs. Cn sgirgin`kðh lg suopralu`tas lg cn onsurn pradugvg cn prackegrn-

`kðh lg hgia`kas rgcn`kahnlas ah cn rgvghtn lg dntgrkncgs y gc adgr`ka kcginc.

Gcca a`nskahn cn lgprg`kn`kðh lg cns îrgns y àhstru``kahgs ackhlnhtgs= nskdksda,

ighgrn su`kglnl, kh`rgdghta lg ahtndkhnhtgs ntdaseërkàs y enctn lg sgiurklnl par

gc tkpa lg pgrsahns qug ahùrrgh n gstas sktkas. Gh cn n`tuncklnl, gc bg`ba lg qug

cas duhk`kpkas nonhlahgh sus onsurns gh oatnlgras n kgca nokgrta gs ahsklgrnla

uhn prî`tk`n krrgspahsnocg pnrn ah cns ighgrn`kahgs prgsghtgs y euturns, nsä ada

apugstn nc lgsnrracca sastghkocg.

Var tnc datkva, sg lgogh tadnr n``kahgs gh cas oatnlgras parqug gstas ahtndkhnh

gc ndokghtg y pahgh gh rkgsia cn sncul. Wh oatnlgra puglg àhtndkhnr cns niuns

supgr`kncgs y suotgrrîhgns, gc sugca y gc nkrg= nlgdîs, ighgrn acargs y gs eaà lg

prackegrn`kðh lg khsg`tas y raglargs qug trnhsdktgh ghegrdglnlgs.

Gxkstgh las irnhlgs nctgrhntkvns. Cn prkdgrn, ahvgrtkr gc oatnlgra gh uh rgccgha

snhktnrka, skgdprg y unhla gc oatnlgra rgúhn cas rgquksktas pcnhtgnlas dîs nlgcnhtg.

Cn sgiuhln nctgrhntkvn gs cnusurnr gc oatnlgra y rgbnokcktnr gc cuinr lg dala tnc qug

ha sg ighgrgh kdpn`tas ndokghtncgs hgintkvas.

Gh gc pra`gsa lg cnusurn lg uh oatnlgra sg lgog tghgr gh ahsklgrn`kðh ca skiukghtg

>/ Gvncun`kðh y `ntgiarkzn`kðh lgc oatnlgra.

?/ @cnusurn (àh `kgrrg lghktkva).

0/ @ahvgrskðh lg uh oatnlgra.

Eki.;0 @N_INLA_ LG @NLGHN(A_WIN)

DALGCA _GEG_GH@KNC@ntgrVkccnr® Ynstg Bnhlcgr ;50L YB

W\KCKLNLGspnr`kla lg cas lgsg`bas saorg cnzahn lg vgrtkla lgc rgccgha snhktnrka.N`nrrga lg lgsg`bas. @adpn`tn`kðhdglknhtg aruins lg dgtnc dn`kza.

Eki.;< @N_INLA_ \ALA\G__GHA(DGLKA\AHGCNJG)

DALGCA _GEG_GH@KNC@ntgrVkccnr® Ductk \grrnkh Canlgr ?99@

W\KCKLNLGspnr`kla lg cas lgsg`bas. N`nrrgalg lgsg`bas gh KPV_ y pcnhtns lgàdpastnjg.Dnhgja lg dglka tahgcnjg.

Eki.;7 GR@NUNLA_N BKL_ÎWCK@N

DALGCA _GEG_GH@KNC@ntgrVkccnr ® Bylrnuck Gx`nvntar 0<7L C

W\KCKLNLIrnhlgs gx`nvn`kahgs lg tgrrgha pnrncn prgpnrn`kðh lgc _Pn, tgrrnzns y îrgnslg prëstnda lg dntgrknc lg uork`kðhlgc rgccgha. Gx`nvn`kðh lg easas yirnhlgs praeuhlklnlgs.

Eki.;5 N@N__GNLA_NP LGLGPG@BAP

DALGCA _GEG_GH@KNC@ntgrVkccnr ® Ynstg bnhlcgr 006@ DB Ugrskðh @nokhn gxtghlkocg.

W\KCKLNLDnhkpucn`kðh lg _gskluas y lgsg`basdglknhtg dnhas bklrîuck`ns a pucpas,

tnhta gh K\_ àda gh _Pn.

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c kk k c c ck k c c

c k c c c c c cc k ck k k c k

k k ck c c

c k k k ckk k c c

k c k c kc k

cc k

ck k

kk c k k c

k k kc k c c k

k k c c c c k c c

k k k ck c k c

kk k c c

c kk k k

k c kk

k c c c k

kc k c c cc k cc c k c k k ck

kc c k ckkc k k c

k k ck c k k k ck k k k c k c

k ckk k k k

k k c

.

. .

5

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

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.

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.

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.

KU.kk- ?

>7> >7?



@lr.<6 @ntgiarkzn`kðh lg oatnlgra.Eughtg: NN.UU. – Iuän \ë`hk`npnrn cn `cnusurn y àhvgrskðh lgoatnlgras lg rgskluas sðcklas— -@AHND - ADP - AVP - @GVKP.Ckdn. Vgrú. ?66<.

oatnlgra, su `gr`nhän n paocnlas y vkvkghlns y cns `nrn`tgrästk ns igaeäsk`ns lgc

sktka. Cas kdpn`tas hgintkvas n cn arn, enuhn, nkrg, sugca y niun gstîh khvacu-

`rnlas gh nln uha lg cas nspg`tas ahsklgrnlas, par ca qug ha sg ahsklgrð uh

pnrîdgtra gspg`äà lg dglk`kðh lg `nln uha lg gccas.

• Cn ahlk`kðh lg gstnokcklnl a khgstnokcklnl igacðik`n sg rggrg n sk sah îrgns

igacðik`ns vuchgrnocgs.

@N\GIA_KZN@KÐH LG OA\NLG_A

N``kðh Vuhtnjg @ntgiarkzn`kðh

@CNWPW_N LGEKHK\KUN 9> - >66 NC\A _KGPIA

@AHUG_PKÐH0> - 96 DALG_NLA _KGPIA

67 - 06 ONJA _KGPIA

</ Wh oatnlgra gs lg ncta rkgsia sk:

• Gxkstg rkgsia lg ahtndkhn`kðh lg ugrpas lg niun, prkh`kpncdghtg cns qug sah

utkckznlns pnrn ahsuda a rg`rgn`kðh budnhn (dnhnhtkncgs, räas, pazas lg niun,

`nhncgs lg krrkin`kðh u aorns bklrîuck`ns, dnr, ursas lg niun suotgrrîhgn, gt`.)

• Pk sg ghùghtrn n dghas lg >,7 md. lg n`tkvklnlgs niräàcns, irnhjns lg rknhznlg nhkdncgs, ndncgs y dntnlgras.

• Pk sg ghùghtrn gh îrgns khuhlnocgs (sgn par `rg`kdkghta a lgsoarlg lg räas,

narndkghta lg niuns suotgrrîhgns a khuhln`kðh dnrkhn) a okgh gh zahns ah

hkvgc ergîtkà paà praeuhla (dghas lg >6 d).

• Pk sg ghùghtrn gh îrgns ah sugcas khgstnocgs y nctn pgrdgnokcklnl (dnyar lg

>6-5 di).

• Pk gstî uok`nla saorg a gr`n lg îrgns igacðik`ns vuchgrnocgs ada zahns îrs-

tk`ns, lg enccns, lg dkhns gh usa a lgsusa, nctndghtg säsdk`ns, lg nirkgtndkghtas,

lgsprghlkdkghtas a lgspcnzndkghta.

• Pk gstî gh îrgns gxpugstns n pra`gsas lg lkhîdk`n bklradareacðik`n, gs lg`kr,

bunyàs, lgrrudogs, nvncnh`bns y ncuvkahgs.

• Pk sg ghùghtrn gh sktkas lg pntrkdahka bkstðrkà, rgckikasa, turästkà a ucturnc a

`gr`n lg ëstas.

• Pk sg ghùghtrn gh rgsgrvns hnturncgs a gr`n lg ëstns.

• Pk bny prgsgh`kn nrrnkinln lg rg`k`cnlargs lgokla n cn nhtkióglnl lgc oatnlgra,

ca qug palrän lkùctnr cn ahvgrskðh a cnusurn lgc dksda. Gh gsg nsa, sg lgog-

rî tghgr uhn nlgùnln pacätk`n lg aduhk`n`kðh y lg trnonja sa`knc.

>.Lgehk`kahgs ighgrncgs

@cnusurn lg oatnlgraGs cn suspghskðh lghktkvn lg cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas rgskluas uronhas gh uh

oatnlgra. @ahccgvn n uh pra`gsa irnlunc lg snhgndkghta, rgstnurn`kðh ndokghtnc lgc

îrgn nctgrnln lgokla n cn prgsgh`kn lgc oatnlgra y cns n`tkvklnlgs n rgnckznrsg lgspuës

lg cn cnusurn (pas`cnusurn).

@ahvgrskðh lg oatnlgraGs gc pra`gsa lg trnhseardn`kðh lg uh oatnlgra n uh skstgdn lg lkspask`kðh hnc të`-

hkà, snhktnrka y ndokghtncdghtg nlgùnla, gc unc puglg sgr uh oatnlgra ahtracnla

a uh rgccgha snhktnrka.

Pnhgndkghta ndokghtnc

Gs cn npck`n`kðh lg prkh`kpkas lg khighkgrän pnrn cn aheardn`kðh, adpn`tn`kðh y

sgccnla lg rgskluas uronhas, nsä ada pnrn cn ahstru``kðh lg skstgdns lg ahtrac

hg`gsnrkas pnrn dkhkdkznr cas kdpn`tas nc ndokghtg y n cn sncul lg cn paocn`kðh

lurnhtg cn gstnokckzn`kðh lg cas rgskluas uronhas.

?. Gvncun`kðh y `ntgiarkzn`kðh lg oatnlgras

?.> Dalgca >.Dgtalacaiän pnrn cn ntgiarkzn kðh sgiúh cn prkarklnl lg cnusurn

Vnrn `ntgiarkznr uh oatnlgra sg skiugh cas skiukghtgs pnsas:

>/ Pg pra`glgrî n gvncunr cns nrn`tgrästk`ns y cas kdpn`tas dîs kdpartnhtgs qug

a`nskahn nc ndokghtg y nc sgr budnha, sgiúh rktgrkas ighgrncgs ada nhtklnl lg

rgskluas qug ahtkghg y îrgn qug aùpn, tkpa lg rgskluas (prgsgh`kn lg rgskluas

pgckirasas), tkgdpa lg n`tkvklnl lgc oatnlgra, `gr`nhän n vkvkghlns a paocnlas,

`nrn`tgrästk`ns igaeäsk`ns lgc sktka, nspg`tas sa`kagàhðdkàs y rkgsias n cn sncul

qug a`nskahn. Pg cgs nskihnrî cn puhtun`kðh gstnocg`kln, uya tatnc dîxkda nc`nh-

znrî gc vncar lg >66.

@nln nspg`ta tkghg lkegrghtg pgsa gh cn puhtun`kðh= nc kdpn`ta qug a`nskahn nc sgr

budnha sg cg nskihn gc dnyar vncar (56%) lkstrkoukla gh cn skiukghtg eardn: <6%

lgc tatnc pnrn nspg`tas sa`kagàhðdkàs y rkgsias n cn sncul= ?6% n cn `gr`nhän n

vkvkghlns a paocnlas= y <6% nc kdpn`ta qug a`nskahn nc ndokghtg gh ighgrnc ,

lkstrkoukla gh >7% par cn prgsgh`kn lg rgskluas pgckirasas, >6% par nhtklnl lg

rgskluas y îrgn qug aùpn gc oatnlgra, >6% par tkgdpa lg n`tkvklnl lgc oatnlgra

y 7% par cns nrn`tgrästk`ns igaeäsk`ns lgc sktka.

?/ Pg tatnckznrî gc puhtnjg aotghkla= cn dîxkdn puhtun`kðh gs >66.

0/ Cn nck`n`kðh a ntgiarkzn`kðh lgc oatnlgra ahsklgrnrî cas skiukghtgs vncargs:

• Cas kdpn`tas y rkgsias ndokghtncgs par cn ighgrn`kðh lg insgs y ckxkvknlas gstîh

àhsklgrnlas gh cns ahlk`kahgs lg nhtklnl lg rgskluas y îrgn qug aùpn gc

>70 >7<

@l <> DN\_KZ LG VWH\WN@KÐH VN_N CN GUNCWN@KÐH LG OA\NLG_AP VA_ V_KA_KLNL LG @CNWPW_N



@lr.<? Dntrkz lg puhtun`kðh pnrn cngvncun`kðh lg oatnlgras sgiúhcas kdpn`tas a`nskahnlas.Eughtg: NN.UU. – Iuän \ë`hk`npnrn cn `cnusurn y àhvgrskðhlg oatnlgras lg rgskluas sð-cklas— - @AHND - ADP - AVP

- @GVKP. Ckdn. Vgrú. ?66<. Ap.`kt. pp. - ?5

>/ Pg pra`glgrî n gvncunr cas

kdpn`tas dîs kdpartnhtgsqug gc oatnlgra a`nskahn

nc ndokghtg (kdpn`tas nd-

okghtncgs) y nc sgr budnha

(nspg`tas sa`kagàhðdkàs

y lg sncul) y sg cgs unhtk -

`nrî sgiúh cn puhtun`kðh

gstnocg`kln pnrn kgrtn

àhlk`kðh lnln. Pg supah-

lrî qug ndoas nspg`tas sah

lg kiunc kdpartnh`kn, par

ca qug sg cgs nskihn 76%

lgc tatnc lg cn puhtun`kðh

pradglka n `nln uha lg

gstas irnhlgs adpahghtgs

(ndokghtnc y sa`kagàhðdk-à y lg sncul).

?/ Pg tatnckznrî gc puhtnjg

aotghkla. Gc rgsuctnla hnc

sg lnrî gh par`ghtnjg.

0/ Cn nck`n`kðh a ntgia-

rkzn`kðh lgc oatnlgra sg

rgnckznrî ahsklgrnhla cas

vncargs atgjnlas gh gc un-

lra nhtgrkar (@lr. <6).

?.? Dalgca ?.Dgtalacaiän pnrn cn ntgiarkzn kðh sgiúh cas kdpn tas a`nskahnlas

KDVN@\AP NDOKGH\NCGP

@ ahl k kðh V uh tun k ðh

P W G C A

Îrgn aùpnln par cas rgskluas(@ahsklgrnr îrgn nlk`kahnc sk sg lg-`klkgrn ahvgrtkr n _gccgha Pnhktnrka)

+ > Bn. >.6

- > Bn. 6.6

\kpa lg rgsklua Khlustrknc >.6Duhk`kpnc 6.6

Khàdpntkokcklnl lg usa lg sugcaPK >.6

HA 6.6

Vrgsgh`kn lg ckxkvknlasPK >.6

HA 6.6

N K _ G

Vrgsgh`kn lg okaiîsPK >.6

HA 6.6

ûgdn lg rgskluasPK 6.7

HA 6.6

Vrgsgh`kn lg acargs lgsnirnlnocgsPK 6.7

HA 6.6

N I W N

Vrgsgh`kn lg ckxkvknlasPK ?.6

HA 6.6

E C A - _ N Lnþas n cn vgigtn`kðh PK ?.6

HA 6.6

E N W H N Vrackegrn`kðh lg enuhn ha`kvn

PK >.6

HA 6.6

Nctgrn`kðh lg cn enuhn tgrrgstrg a nùî-tk`n

PK >.6

HA 6.6

V N \ _ K D A H K A @gr`n a gh sktkas lg pntrkdahka bkstðrkà

rgckikasa y turästkàPK >.6

HA 6.6

@gr`n a gh îrgns lg rgsgrvn a pratg`-`kðh hnturnc

PK >.6

HA 6.6

PWO\A\NC (>) ><.6

NPVG@\AP PA@KAG@AHÐDK@AP [ _KGPIAP N CN PNCWL

@ ahl k kðh V uh tun k ðh

Vrgsgh`kn ahstnhtg lg irupas budn-has

PK <.6

HA 6.6

_kgsia n cn sncul lg cas irupas bu-dnhas qug vkvgh gh cn zahn a gh casncrglglargs.

PK <.6

HA 6.6

_kgsia lg ahtndkhn`kðh lgnhkdncgs lg ahsuda budnha

PK <.6

HA 6.6

Neg`tn`kðh lg atrns n`tkvklnlgs(sa`kagàhðdk`ns, turästk`ns, gt`.)

PK <.6

HA 6.6

PWO\A\NC (?) >5.6

\A\NC 06.6 (>66%)

Eughtg: NN.UU. – Iuän \ë`hk`n pnrn cn `cnusurn yàhvgrskðh lg oatnlgras lg rgskluas uronhas— -

@AHND - ADP - AVP - @GVKP. Ckdn. Vgrú. ?66<. Ap. kt. pp. - ?5

@NH\KLNL LG _GPKLWAP [ Î_GN A@WVNLN

@nrn`tgräsktk`nVuhtnjg

Oatnlgra Vgqugþa(?.6)

Oatnlgra Dglknha(7.6)

Oatnlgra Irnhlg(2.6)

Oatnlgra Duy irnhlg(>6.6)

Pupgr`kg qug nonr-`n bnstn 6.;; Bn. 6.7 >.66 - <.;6 Bn. >.6 7.66 - ;.;6 Bn. ?.6 + >6.66 Bn. 0.6

@nhtklnl lknrkn lg __qug sg nrrajnh

bnstn ?6 tah./ län 6.7 ?6 - 76 tah./län ?.6 76 - >66 tah./län 0.6 + >66 tah./län 0.6

@nhtklnl npraxkdnlnlg __ nùducnlas bnstn >7 666 tah./län >.6 bnstn 77 666 tah./län ?.6 bnstn 566 666 tah./län 0.6 bnstn 566 666 tah./län <.6

V_GPGH@KN LG _GPKLWAP VGCKI_APAP


Hkhiuha(6.6)

Vaà(7.6)

Dalgrnla(>6.6)

Nouhlnhtg(>7.6)

Nrraja lg rgskluas Baspktncnrkas Huca 6.6

_gàcg`tnlasàh __ la-dëstkàs lgpgqugþas gstn-ocg`kdkghtas lgsncul.

?.7

_gàcg`tnlasàh __ ladës-tkàs lg pgqug-þas y dglknhasgstnocg`kdkgh-tas lg sncul.

7.6

_gàcg`tnlas,trnhspartnlasy vgrtklas paruhklnlgs lgstk-hnlns gx`cusk-vndghtg n gstgsgrvk`ka.

9.7

Nrraja lg rgskluas Khlustrkncgs Huca 6.6 Dähkda ?.7 Dalgrnla 7.6 @ahsklgrnocg 9.7

\KGDVA LG N@\KUKLNL LGC OA\NLG_A


_g`kghtg(?.6)

Dglknha - rg`kghtg(7.6)

Nhtkiua(2.6)

Duy nhtkiua(>6.6)

\kgdpa lg n`tkvklnl bnstn >.; nþas ?.6 - <.; nþas 7.6 - ;.; nþas + >6.6 nþas

@G_@NHÄN N VAOCNLAP [ UKUKGHLNP


Envarnocg(>.6)

Dglknha - envarnocg(9.6)

Vaà envarnocg(><.6)

Lgsenvarnocg(?6.6)

@gr`nhän n vkvkghlns Npnrtnla n dîs lg766 d. lg cns vkv. dîs`gr`nhns

Npnrtnla bnstn 766d. lg cns vkv. dîs`gr`nhns

@ackhlnhtg n vkvkgh-lns pgreägrk`ns

Lghtra lg cn Vaocn-`kðh

@N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP IGAEÄPK@NP LG CN ZAHN


Envarnocg(6.6)

Dglknha - envarnocg(?.6)

Vaà envarnocg(<.6)

Lgsenvarnocg(7.6)

Vrg`kpktn`kðh pcuvknctatnc nhunc

Duy sgà ( - >66 dd.) 6.6 Pgà

(>66- 766 dd.) >.6 Dalgrnla (766- >766 dd.) ?.6 Búdgla

(+ >766 dd.) ?.6

\gdpgrnturn pradglkanhunc

Eräa (6¶@ - >>¶@) 6.6 Dalgrnla

(>?¶@ - >2¶@) >.6 @îckla (>;¶@ - ?<¶@) ?.6 Duy @îckla

(?7¶@ - <6¶@) >.6

@ahlk`kahgs igacðik`ns

g bklraigadareacðik`ns

Gstnocg y hagxkstg ursa lgniun suotgrrî-

hgn gh gc sktka agstî n uhn pra-euhlklnl dnyarlg >6 d.

6.6

Ha gstnocg ygxkstg ursa lgniun suotgrrî-

hgn gh gc sktka nuhn praeuhlklnldghar lg >6 d.

?.6



Onja _kgsia(6.6)

Dalgrnla _kgsia(>0.6)

Ncta _kgsia(?9.6)

Duy Ncta _kgsia(<6.6)

N`tkvklnl lg sgirgin-`kðh Ha gxkstg 6.6 Dähkdn 0.6 Dalgrnla ;.6 Khtghsn >6.6

@rknhzn lg nhkdncgs Ha gxkstg 6.6 Dähkdn <.6 Dalgrnla ;.6 Khtghsn >6.6

Vrgsgh kn lg vg targs Dähkdn 6.6 Va`n 0.6 Nouhlnhtg ;.6 Duy nouhlnhtg >6.6

ûgdn lg onsurn Ha gxkstg 6.6 Gsparîlkà 0.6 Khlks`rkdkhnln >6.6

\A\NC >66

@lr.<> DN\_KZ LG VWH\WN@KÐH VN_N CN GUNCWN@KÐH LG OA\NLG_AP VA_ V_KA_KLNL LG @CNWPW_N

>77 >75



– Vnrn lgstrukr cnsdncns prî`tk`ns, cn cgygs du`ba dghas útkcqug cas gseugrzas khlkvkluncgs—

] Nhigc Inhkvgt Inr`än T

àhàrlnh`kn ah gc lgrg`ba khtgrhn`ka-

hnc, nciuhas prkh`kpkas qug dalgrhkznh

cas ah`gptas rgàiklas gh hardns

nhtgrkargs qug rgiucnh nspg`tas puhtun-

cgs lgc dnhgja u apgrn`kðh të`hk`n lg cas

rgskluas.

Bny tndokëh uh ahjuhta lg nutarklnlgs

qug par lkstkhtas dnhlntas cgincgs gstîhvkhùcnlns n cn ighgrn`kðh y dnhgja lg

cas rgskluas a nc ahtrac lgc kdpn`ta qug

puglgh ighgrnr gh cn sncul y gc ndokgh-

tg, tghkghla gh ughtn cn gxkstgh`kn lg

en`targs gàhðdkàs, sa`kncgs y snhktn-

rkas suoyn`ghtgs, nuhqug talnvän quglnh

eugrtgs rgznias lgc trnlk`kahnc gheaqug

sg`tarknckznla lg cn igstkðh ndokghtnc.

Gcca sg gvklgh`kn gh ahk`tas lg ad-

pgtgh`kn ghtrg cns nutarklnlgs púock`ns,

vn`äas y ahtrnlk``kahgs hardntkvns y cn

enctn lg aarlkhn`kðh ghtrg cas lkstkhtas

arinhksdas púockàs y prkvnlas.

Cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas uronhas khva-

cu`rn uhn sgrkg lg nspg`tas hardntkvas

qug sg ghùnlrnh gh gc dnrà ighgrnc

lg cns pacätk`ns gstntncgs. Ghtrg gccns

lgog lgstn`nrsg gc pra`gsa lg rgeardn

gstru`turnc qug bn vkvkla gc Gstnla Vg-

runha lgslg khk`kas lg cas nþas havghtn.

Gc ahtgxta gh gc qug sg lgsghvugcvg cn

igstkðh lg cas rgskluas uronhas gs lg`nrî`tgr gdkhghtgdghtg duhk`kpnc, par

ca qug su nhîcksks tndokëh gstî rgcn`ka-

hnla ah cns rgiucn`kahgs rgegrklns n cns

euh`kahgs, ntrkou`kahgs y ckdktn`kahgs

àh`glklns n gstg hkvgc lg iaokgrha,

tghkghla gh ughtn gc `ghtrncksda lgc

Gstnla Vgrunha y gc pra`gsa lg ckogrnck-

zn`kðh lg cn gàhadän gdprghlkla gh cn

úctkdn lë`nln.

@nog lgstn`nr qug juhta n gcca, bn bnokla

uh hatarka nvnh`g lg cn cgikscn`kðh nd-

okghtnc pgrunhn07, qug lghg gh

07 Ghtrg cas lkspasktkvas cgincgs

npraonlas gh cn úctkdn lë`nln sg

ghùghtrnh: gc @ðlkia lgc Dglka

Ndokghtg y cas _gùrsas Hnturncgs

(>;;6), @ðlkia Vghnc (>;;>), @ahs-

tktu`kðh Vacätk`n (>;;0), Cgy Ighgrnc

lg Pncul (>;;9), rgicndghtas nd-

okghtncgs lg cas sg`targs pralu`-

tkvas y hardns saorg cas rgikstras

pnrn gc àhtrac lg cns n`tkvklnlgs lg

àhsuctarän y nulktarän ndokghtnc.

Unhîcksks cginc & hardntkva

>79 >72



05 Lg`rgta Cgikscntkva 979, puock`nla

gc >0/>>/;>.

Cn Cgy Dnrà pnrn gc @rg`kdkghta lg cn

Khvgrskðh Vrkvnln, praducinln gh ha-

vkgdorg lg >;;> 05, gstnocg`kð qug gh gc

Vgrú cn nutarklnl adpgtghtg gh dntgrkn

ndokghtnc, gs cn nutarklnl lgc Pg`tar a

Dkhkstgrka arrgspahlkghtg n cn n`tkvklnl

qug sg lgsnrraccn.

Gc prapðskta lg gstn lkspask`kðh eug

arlghnr cn adpcgjn sktun`kðh lg cns

nutarklnlgs qug khtgrvkghgh gh cn igstkðh

ndokghtnc, skh uhn cnrn nskihn`kðh lg

euh`kahgs y adpgtgh`kns. Pkh gdonr-

ia, gstn lkspask`kðh ha aerg`g hkhiuhn

dglkln pnrn prgvghkr a sacu`kahnr cas

àhk`tas lg adpgtgh`kn ghtrg cns nuta-

rklnlgs lgc Iaokgrha @ghtrnc y cns lg cas

iaokgrhas rgikahncgs a ca`ncgs. \ndpaà

n`cnrn gc îdokta lg cns adpgtgh`kns gh

tgdns qug ha gstîh nsa`knlas n uhn n`tk-

vklnl lgtgrdkhnln, ada gc lg rgskluas

uronhas.

Lg nùgrla ah gc rktgrka lg cn hardn,

sg puglg earducnr las khtgrprgtn`kahgs:

• Cas Dkhkstgrkas lg cas sg`targs pralu`-

tkvas sah cns nutarklnlgs adpgtghtgs

pnrn cas rgskluas uronhas ighgrnlas par

cns n`tkvklnlgs lg nln uha lg gccas. Gc

Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul gs gc adpgtghtg

pnrn cas rgskluas ighgrnlas gh gstnocg`k-

dkghtas snhktnrkas, y par gxtrnpacn`kðh,

cas duhk`kpkas sah cas adpgtghtgs pnrn

cas rgskluas ladëstkàs.

Nhîckskssktun kahnc

• Lnla qug gc dnhgja lg cas rgskluas

uronhas gstî vkhùcnla n dúctkpcgs

n`tkvklnlgs, sg rgqukgrg uhn nutarklnl lg

`nrî`tgr trnhsg`tarknc, gh cn qug pnrtk`k-

pgh cas dkhkstgrkas àrrgspahlkghtgs y

cas duhk`kpkas.

Pkh gdonria, ha sg bn kdpglkla tghska-

hgs, hk ahk`tas ghtrg nutarklnlgs lg

lkstkhtas hkvgcgs lg iaokgrha, dîs nuh

ùnhla gstns rgcn`kahgs sg ghùnlrnh gh

gc ahtgxta lg uhn pacätk`n hn`kahnc ah

pa`n kh`ckhn`kðh bn`kn cn lgs`ghtrnckzn-

`kðh.

Var atra cnla, cn tgdîtk`n lg cas rgskluas

uronhas ha bn skla bnstn cn eg`bn su-

`kghtgdghtg prkarkznln par cns nutarkln-

lgs lgc Iaokgrha @ghtrnc, paskocgdghtg

parqug su dnhgja bn skla trnlk`kahnc-

dghtg nsa`knla n cn igstkðh duhk`kpnc,

ca unc rglu`g gc patgh`knc lg uh dnyar

lgspckgiug gh gstg tgdn.

Gh gc nsa lg cas Iaokgrhas Ca`ncgs, cn

igstkðh lg cas rgskluas uronhas tndpaà

bn skla nlgùnlndghtg prkarkznln. Gh

cn dnyar pnrtg lg gccas gc sgrvk`ka lg

ckdpkgzn púock`n ha gs g`kghtg, hk g-

`nz, par rnzahgs ada: cns ckdktn`kahgs

prgsupugstncgs y cn darasklnl gh gc pnia

lg cas sgrvk`kas, cas lkstkhtas hkvgcgs

lg ahsackln`kðh uronhn y duhk`kpnc y

cn nrgh`kn lg pcnhgs gstrntëikàs qug

pgrdktnh bn`gr uhn igstkðh khtgirnc lg

cas rgskluas uronhas.

U. k>. Gjgr`k`ka lg cns àdpgtgh`kns ndokghtncgs

09 Lg`rgta Cgikscntkva 72<, puock`nla

gc >2/6</;6.

02 Cgy ?52<?, puock`nln gc ?6-69-;9.

0; Nrtäùca >?9.

<6 Cgy ?0270, Cgy Ariîhk`n lg Du-

hk`kpncklnlgs (CAD), puock`nln gc

6;/65/2<.

<> Lg nùgrla àh gc nrtäùca >;5 lg

cn @ahstktu`kðh Vacätk`n lg >;;0, cn

`npktnc lg cn _gpúock`n, cns `npktncgs

lg pravkh`kn àh rnhia dgtrapacktn-

ha y cns `npktncgs lg lgpnrtndghta

lg uok`n`kðh erahtgrkzn tkghgh rëik-

dgh gspg`knc. Ca dksda rkig pnrn cn

Vravkh`kn @ahstktu`kahnc lgc @nccna y

cns pravkh`kns lg erahtgrn.

<? CAD, nrtäùca 55, kh`ksa >?.

<0 CAD, nrtäùca >> kh`ksa 5.

<< CAD, nrtäùca >?.

?.? Iaokgrhas Ca`ncgs

Pu hardn ghtrnc gs cn Cgy Ariîhk`n lg

Duhk`kpncklnlgs (CAD)<6

. Gstn hardnrgiucn cn arinhkzn`kðh, nutahadän,

àdpgtgh`kn, euh`kahgs y rgùrsas lg cns

duhk`kpncklnlgs, nsä ada gc rëikdgh

gspg`knc cgincdghtg ahegrkla n cn @npk-

tnc lg cn _gpúock`n <>.

n. Enùctnlgs pnrn cn Igstkðh lg cas

_gskluas Wronhas

Lg nùgrla ah su Cgy Ariîhk`n, gh dn-

tgrkn lg sncul y snhgndkghta ndokghtnc,

cas duhk`kpkas gjgùtnh gc sgrvk`ka lg

ckdpkgzn púock`n y uok`nh cns îrgns pnrn

cn nùducn`kðh lg rgskluas a su npravg-

`bndkghta khlustrknc <?.

Cns duhk`kpncklnlgs pravkh`kncgs sah

àdpgtghtgs pnrn rgiucnr, àhtracnr y

prgstnr lkrg`tndghtg cas sgrvk`kas pú-

ockàs<0. \ndokëh gstîh enùctnlns pnrn

àarlkhnr y àdpcgdghtnr a supckr cn

n``kðh lg cas duhk`kpkas lkstrktncgs <<.

Gh cn prî`tk`n skh gdonria, cn igstkðh

lg cas rgskluas gs lg nrî`tgr euhln-

dghtncdghtg lkstrktnc, ckdktîhlasg gc

duhk`kpka pravkh`knc n cn prgstn`kðh lg

`kgrtas npayas, nuhqug khugh`knlas par

àhsklgrn`kahgs lg ählacg pacätk`n.

Var atra cnla, gh gc dksda sghtkla sg gs-

tnocg`g qug cns duhk`kpncklnlgs lkstrktn-

cgs puglgh gcgornr ahvghkas lg aapg-

rn`kðh ah cn rgspg`tkvn duhk`kpncklnl

pravkh`knc pnrn cn rgnckzn`kðh lg aorns a

cn prgstn`kðh lg sgrvk`kas khtgrlkstrktncgs.

Cas ahvghkas lg aapgrn`kðh lgogh

jnr cas rgùrsas qug pnrn tncgs geg`tas

?.> Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul

Lg nùgrla ah cn Cgy lg Arinhkzn`kðh

y Euh`kahgs lgc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul09

ycn Cgy Ighgrnc lg Pncul 02, gc Dkhkstg-

rka lg Pncul gs cn nutarklnl adpgtghtg

pnrn lghkr cns pacätk`ns hn`kahncgs lg

pratg``kðh lgc ndokghtg gh euh`kðh n cn

sncul budnhn.

Gc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul gs àdpgtgh-

tg pnrn lghkr cns pacätk`ns y npraonr

cns hardns hn`kahncgs qug rgiucnh cas

nspg`tas snhktnrkas lgc dnhgja lg cas

rgskluas uronhas= supgrvksnr y àhtracnr

cns n``kahgs snhktnrkns lg cas iaokgr-

has rgikahncgs y ca`ncgs y nutarkznr cas

prayg`tas lg lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas

rgskluas uronhas, gspg`ä`ndghtg, lg

euh`kahndkghta lg cas rgccghas snhk-

tnrkas n trnvës lg cns Puo _gikahgs lg

Pncul.

Gstg Pg`tar gs gc qug bn lk`tnla cns

prkh`kpncgs lkspask`kahgs hn`kahncgs

vkhùcnlns nc dnhgja lg cas rgskluas

uronhas uronhas y ughtn ah khstnh`kns

gspg`knckznlns pnrn gc ahtrac snhktn-

rka y ndokghtnc ada sah cn Lkrg``kðh

Ighgrnc lg Pncul Ndokghtnc (LKIGPN)

y gc Khstktuta Hn`kahnc lg Vratg``kðh lgc

Dglka Ndokghtg pnrn cn Pncul (KHNV-

DNP). @nog lgstn`nr qug lg nùgrla

àh cn Cgy Ighgrnc lg Pncul, ha sg

puglg lk`tnr hardns qug rgicndghtgh

cgygs a qug tghinh jgrnrquän gqukvncghtg

y qug kh`klnh gh dntgrkn lg sncul, skh

gc rgerghla lgc Dkhkstra lg Pncul 0;.

Lgokla n gcca, cas Lg`rgtas P uprgdas

rgcn`kahnlns n cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas

uronhas, qug sg lk`tgh ah pastgrkarklnl

n lk`bn Cgy, lgogrîh sgr rgerghlnlas par

gc Dkhkstra lg Pncul, skh ca unc nrg`g-

ränh lg vncklgz jurälk`n.

?. Nutarklnlgs àdpgtghtgs gh cn igstkðh lg rgskluas

>7; >56



Gh cn prî`tk`n sg usnh nlgdîs, pnrn

npraonr atrns lkspask`kahgs lg nrî`tgr

rgicndghtnrka.

• Cas Nùgrlas.- Pah lg`kskahgs gspg -

`ä`ns saorg nsuhtas lg khtgrës púockà,

vg`khnc a khstktu`kahnc, qug gxprgsnh cn

apkhkðh lg cn Duhk`kpncklnl, su vacuh-

tnl lg prn`tk`nr uh lgtgrdkhnla n`taa lg sujgtnrsg n uhn ahlu`tn a hardn

khstktu`kahnc.

• _gsacu`kahgs lgc @ahsgja. Vnrn lnr

rgspugstn n nsas pnrtkùcnrgs. Gstas khs-

trudghtas sah adpcgdghtnlas ah cas

Lg`rgtas y cns _gsacu`kahgs qug gxpklg

gc nc`nclg.

N trnvës lg cas Lg`rgtas sg gstnocg`gh

hardns pnrn cn kdpcgdghtn`kðh lg cns

Arlghnhzns, cas pra`glkdkghtas nldk-

hkstrntkvas duhk`kpncgs y cn rgiucn`kðh

lg nsuhtas lg nrî`tgr ighgrnc y lg

khtgrës pnrn gc vg`khlnrka. Cns _gsacu-

`kahgs lg Nc`nclän sg utkckznh pnrn gc

prahuh`kndkghta gh nsuhtas lg `nrî`tgr

nldkhkstrntkva. Pkh gdonria, n hkvgc du-

hk`kpnc tndpaà bn bnokla uh lgsnrracca

sustnh`knc lg cn hardntkvklnl saorg _W.

. Pnh kahgs Duhk kpncgs

Cns duhk`kpncklnlgs gstîh enùctnlns

cgincdghtg pnrn kdpahgr snh`kahgs lg

lkvgrsn ählacg, npck`nhla dglklns y pra-

`glkdkghtas an`tkvas a sack`ktnhla gc

npaya n atras arinhksdas adpgtghtgs.

N trnvës lg cns arlghnhzns cas duhk-

`kpkas puglgh gstnocg`gr snh`kahgs lg

ductn, lgàdksa y cnusurn, pulkghla

npck`nrcns skductîhgn a nctgrhntkvndghtg.

Pkh gdonria, cns nutarklnlgs duhk-

`kpncgs sg ghùghtrnh ckdktnlns pnrn

gjgr`ktnr sus enùctnlgs lg s`nckzn`kðh

y snh`kðh, saorg tala rgspg`ta lg cns

n`tkvklnlgs rgiucnlns sg`tarkncdghtg par

gc Iaokgrha @ghtrnc parqug cgincdghtg

ha gstîh okgh lghklns sus

<7 Lg`rgta Cgikscntkva 995, nrtäùca ;>.

<5 CAD, nrtäùca 05, hudgrnc >0.

trnhsegrkrîh cns duhk`kpncklnlgs lkstrktn-

cgs n cns Duhk`kpncklnlgs Vravkh`kncgs <7.

Gh rgncklnl, cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas

uronhas ha gs lg nrî`tgr gdkhghtgdgh-

tg lkstrktnc, ada sg apgrntkvkzn gh cn

prî`tk`n. Lg nùgrla àh cn hardntkvk-

lnl vkightg, palränh quglnr gh dnhas

lg cas duhk`kpkas lkstrktncgs tnh sðca cnsupgrvkskðh lgc sgrvk`ka a gc onrrkla y

ckdpkgzn lg cns nccgs, dkghtrns qug cn

pcnhk`n`kðh y cn igstkðh khtgirnc lg cas

dksdas, palränh sgr ahlu`klas par cn

duhk`kpncklnl pravkh`knc, nuhqug gstns

lgokla n cn ndpcktul lgc tgdn bnh pas-

tgrinla y lgcginla su rgspahsnokcklnl

lkstrktncdghtg ca qug ahccgvn cginc-

dghtg n khàhirugh`kns nc dadghta lg

igstkahnr cas prayg`tas.

o. Enùctnlgs Hardntkvns

Cas duhk`kpkas gjgr`gh euh`kahgs har-

dntkvns, nldkhkstrntkvns y s`nckznla-

rns, n trnvës lgc @ah`gja Duhk`kpnc, gc

ùnc gstî khtgirnla par gc nc`nclg y cas

rgiklargs. Gh gc @ah`gja Duhk`kpnc,sg

nùgrln cn arinhkzn`kðh y gc rëikdgh lg

nldkhkstrn`kðh lg cas sgrvk`kas púockàs

ca`ncgs <5. \ndokëh sg nprugonh gh gstn

khstnh`kn, cas dg`nhksdas lg pnrtk`kpn-

`kðh vg`khnc.

Cas khstrudghtas hardntkvas lgc @ah`g-

ja Duhk`kpnc sah:

• Cns Arlghnhzns.- Pah hardns ighgrn-

cgs qug rgiucnh cn arinhkzn`kðh, nldk-

hkstrn`kðh a prgstn`kðh lg cas sgrvk`kas

púockàs ca`ncgs= gc udpckdkghta lg

cns euh`kahgs lg cns duhk`kpncklnlgs=

cas trkoutas duhk`kpncgs, ghtrg gccas, cas

nroktrkas lg ckdpkgzn púock`n y rgccgha

snhktnrka= a gstnocg`gh cns ckdktn`kahgs

y dalncklnlgs kdpugstns n cn prapkglnl

prkvnln.

• Cas Glk`tas.- Pah hardns ighgrncgs

àh cns qug sg nprugon gc _gicndghta lg

Arinhkzn`kðh Khtgrkar lgc duhk`kpka.

• Ugcnr par gc udpckdkghta lg cns har -

dns saorg dglka ndokghtg y rgùrsas

hnturncgs.

• Pupgrvksnr cn prgstn`kðh lg cas sgr -

vk`kas púockàs gh aarlkhn`kðh ah

cas Pg`targs lgc Iaokgrha @ghtrnc y

npaynr n cas Iaokgrhas Ca`ncgs ah

nskstgh`kn të`hk`n.

l.

Cn Vack`än Gàcðik`n: N pnrtkr lg cn

praducin`kðh lgc @ðlkia lgc Dglka

Ndokghtg y gc @ðlkia Vghnc -qug

kh`cuyg uh @npätuca lg –Lgcktas ahtrn

cn Gàcaiän—-, sg rgð cn Lkvkskðh lg

_gùrsas Hnturncgs y Dglka Ndokgh-

tg (Lkvkskðh _GHNDN), gh onsg n cn

nhtkiun Vack`än Eargstnc. @nln _gikðh

Vack`knc lgogrän ahtnr ah uhn Lkvkskðh

_GHNDN, skh gdonria gh cn prî`tk`n su

îdokta lg n``kðh gstî ah`ghtrnla gh gc

lgpnrtndghta lg Ckdn.

Cgincdghtg sg prgvë qug gc sgrvk`ka

sg prgstg n trnvës lg uncqukgrn lg cns

skiukghtgs dalncklnlgs:

>/ Nldkhkstrn`kðh lkrg`tn.

?/ Gdprgsns duhk`kpncgs a ah pnrtk`k-

pn`kðh duhk`kpnc.

0/ Gdprgsns gstntncgs a prkvnlns dg-

lknhtg ah`gskðh.

</ @uncqukgr atrn dalncklnl pgrdktkln

par cn cgy.

Gh cn n`tuncklnl gc sgrvk`ka lg ckdpkgzn

púock`n gs prgstnla prkh`kpncdghtg n

trnvës lg nldkhkstrn`kðh lkrg`tn. Nciu-

has duhk`kpkas gcgornh ahtrntas ah

gdprgsns pnrn-duhk`kpncgs a prkvnlns

y duy paàs bnh rgùrrkla n cn àh`g-

skðh, cn qug gs núh, uhn dalncklnl paà

npravg`bnln.

àdpgtgh`kns, hk cns qug àrrgspahlgh n

cns nutarklnlgs sg`tarkncgs, ighgrîhlasg

eugrtgs àhk`tas lg àdpgtgh`kn.

Gh ca rgegrkla n cas rgskluas, sg gstn-

ocg`g par gjgdpca, qug cas duhk`kpkas

lgogh bn`gr udpckr cns hardns qug

rgiucnh cn nlgùnln lkspask`kðh lg cas

rgskluas y snh`kahnr unhla arrgspah-ln<9, pgra gh cn prî`tk`n cas duhk`kpkas

ha npck`nh snh`kahgs, par gc paà a huca

geg`ta qug tkghg uhn snh`kðh lg gstg tkpa

gh cas pnrtkùcnrgs, y parqug ha gstîh

`cnrndghtg lghklns sus enùctnlgs

cgincgs rgspg`ta lg cns gdprgsns qug

lgsnrraccnh n`tkvklnlgs rgiucnlns par gc

Iaokgrha @ghtrnc.

?.0 Atrns Nutarklnlgs @ad-pgtghtgs

Gh cn igstkðh lg rgskluas tndokëh gstîh

khvacu`rnlns:

n.Cns nutarklnlgs ndokghtncgs sg`tarkncgs

lgc Iaokgrha @ghtrnc: Euhlndghtnc-

dghtg cns lg cas sg`targs pralu`tkvas,

gh tnhta rgiucnh n`tkvklnlgs ighgrnlarns

lg rgskluas. Ghtrg gccns, cas Dkhkstgrkas

lg Dglka Ndokghtg, Khlustrkn, \urksda,

Khtgirn`kðh y Hgia`kn`kahgs @adgr`kn-

cgs Khtgrhn`kahncgs= Vgsqugrän= Ghgriän y

Dkhns y Nirkùcturn.

o.Gc @ahsgja Hn`kahnc lgc Ndokghtg

(@AHND): Vnrtk`kpn ada nutarklnl

ndokghtnc hn`kahnc, rg`tarn lg cn Vacätk`n

Ndokghtnc Hn`kahnc y gc Vcnh Hn`ka-

hnc lg N``kðh Ndokghtnc, nuh unhla

talnvän ha bn lghkla a`kncdghtg gc

àhtghkla lg gstas khstrudghtas.

`.Cas @ahsgjas \rnhsktarkas lg Nldkhks-

trn`kðh _gikahnc: N`tuncdghtg cn rg`kgh-

tgdghtg puock`nln Cgy Dnrà lg Lgs-

`ghtrnckzn`kðh, cg nskihn n cas Iaokgrhas

_gikahncgs cns euh`kahgs lg:

<9 Lg`rgta Puprgda 669-27-U@,

_gicndghta lg Nàhlk`kahndkghta

\grrktarknc, Lgsnrracca Wronha y

Dglka Ndokghtg, Nrtäùca 7<.

0. Dalncklnlgs cgincgs pnrn cn prgstn`kðh lg sgrvk`kas

>5> >5?



gstulkas n sgr gjgùtnlas lg àheardk-

lnl ah gc pcnh y prairndn nhunc lg

khvgrskahgs duhk`kpncgs.

7.? Nroktrkas Duhk kpncgsLghtra lg cns rghtns duhk`kpncgs, cns

dîs vkhùcnlns nc dnhgja lg cas _W sah

cns pravghkghtgs lg cas nroktrkas a tnrkens

qug cas duhk`kpkas aornh n tätuca lg

prg`ka, par cas sgrvk`kas qug prgstnh.

Cas nroktrkas sah uhn tnsn. Gsta gs, trk-

outas ùyn aockin`kðh tkghg àda bg`ba

ighgrnlar cn prgstn`kðh geg`tkvn par gc

duhk`kpka lg uh sgrvk`ka púockà khlkvk-

lunckznla gh gc ahtrkouyghtg.

Ha gs tnsn gc pnia qug rg`kog gc duhk-

`kpka par cn prgstn`kðh lg uh sgrvk`ka lgarkigh ahtrn`tunc, ada cn rgàcg``kðh

lg rgskluas adgr`kncgs, gh barns y

àhlk`kahgs lkstkhtns lg cns qug rgiucnr-

dghtg prairndn gc duhk`kpka.

@nog sgþncnr qug gh cn cgikscn`kðh duhk-

`kpnc ha bny uhn lkstkh`kðh cnrn lg cas

tërdkhas –nroktrka— y –tnrken—, utkckzîh-

lasg nsk khlkstkhtndghtg uha u atra. l.

Ca rg`nulnla lgog gstnr gx`cuskvndghtg

lgstkhnla n hnh`knr gc sgrvk`ka.

Var atra cnla, nuh unhla cgincdghtg

ha sg bnh lghkla rktgrkas ighgrncgs

pnrn cn lghk`kðh lg tnsns lkegrgh`knlns pnrn cn paocn`kðh àh gs`nsas rgùrsas

gàhðdkàs, lgog lgstn`nrsg qug cas

nroktrkas lgstkhnlas nc dnhtghkdkghta

lg cas sgrvk`kas púockàs gh lkstrktas ah

paocn`kðh uronhn lg dghas lg >6,666

bnoktnhtgs, puglgh sgr rglkdklas par cas

usunrkas dglknhtg npartgs pgrsahncgs gh

okghgs a sgrvk`kas pnrn su khstncn`kðh,

dnhtghkdkghta y euh`kahndkghta.

Cn Cgy Ariîhk`n lg Duhk`kpncklnlgs

prgvgän arkikhncdghtg `kgrtas dg`n-

hksdas pnrn `nhnckznr ujas lg `npktnc

prkvnla bn`kn cas sgrvk`kas púockàs. Pkh

gdonria, nuh unhla lk`bns lkspask`ka-hgs ha eugrah su`kghtgdghtg utkckzn-

lns pnrn cn prgstn`kðh lgc sgrvk`ka lg

ckdpkgzn púock`n, `nog lgstn`nr qug cns

lkspask`kahgs lg npgrturn lg cn khk`kntkvn

prkvnln gh gstg `ndpa, bnh skla ndpckn-

lns par cns hardns lg prada`kðh lg cn

khvgrskðh prkvnln gh aorns lg kherngs-

tru`turn y sgrvk`kas púockàs.

Bnh bnokla vnrkns dalk`n`kahgs lg

cns hardns pradatarns lg cn khvgrskðh

prkvnln gh cn prgstn`kðh lg cas sgrvk-

`kas púockàs, lgokghla sgþncnrsg qug

n`tuncdghtg cns enùctnlgs duhk`kpn-

cgs pnrn trnhsegrkr nc sg`tar prkvnla cnnldkhkstrn`kðh lgc sgrvk`ka lg ckdpkgzn

púock`n, sah onstnhtg ndpckns. Kh`cuygh,

par gjgdpca, cn paskokcklnl lg trnhseg-

rkrcg cn prapkn rg`nuln`kðh lg cns tnrkens

àrrgspahlkghtgs, ah`gskahgs u atras

dg`nhksdas.

7.> Vrgsupugsta Duhk kpnc

Gc prgsupugsta lg cas duhk`kpkas gstî

khtgirnla par khirgsas lg lkvgrsa arkigh

y par las tkpas lg instas:

n. Instas @arrkghtgs. Vnrn gc gjgr`k`ka

lg cns euh`kahgs, n`tkvklnlgs y sgrvk-

`kas duhk`kpncgs.

o. Instas lg Khvgrskðh. Vnrn cn rgnckzn-

`kðh lg cns aorns, kherngstru`turn y

<. Vnrtk`kpn`kðh lgc sg`tar prkvnla gh cn IK_W

7. Nspg`tas cgincgslg kdpck`nh`kn

gàhðdk`nEki.;9 Caiatkpas lg cn Lg`cnrn`kðh lg

_äa y Nighln ?> ca`nc.

(<) Vrkh kpka lg cn @uhn n cn \udon

Gstn urkasn lghadkhn`kðh gh`kgrrn

uhn kdpartnhtg prgdksn lgrkvnln lg cn

cgikscn`kðh saorg gc dnhgja lg rgskluas

khlustrkncgs y gh pnrtkùcnr cas pgckira-

sas. Cn rgspahsnokcklnl lg cn pgrsahnqug ighgrð cas lgsg`bas sg gxtkghlg

n tala su k`ca lg vkln, lgslg qug sah

pralu`klas bnstn qug sah lkspugstas gh

su cuinr lg ahhndkghta.

Gstas prkh`kpkas sg rgàigh gh uhn sgrkg

lg khstrudghtas khtgrhn`kahncgs ada:

Cn Lg`cnrn`kðh lg _äaûg n trnvës lg ?9 prkh`kpkas gstnocg`g uhàhjuhta lg lgrg`bas y rgspahsnokcklnlgsqug lgogh sgr nsudklas par cn àduhklnlkhtgrhn`kahnc n h lg nc`nhznr gc lgsnrracca

sastghkocg.

Cn Nighln ?> Ca`nc ûg gstnocg`g uh pcnh lg n``kðh pnrn a rkgh- tnr c n gstrntgikn duhlknc lgc prðxkda skicabn`kn gc lgsnrracca sastghkocg. Gstg khstru-dghta lghg cas ckhgndkghtas lg cns prkh -`kpncgs n`tkvklnlgs qug lgogränh rgnckznrsg

àh gc h lg pgrcnr gc lgsnrracca sastghkocg

lg cn àduhklnl khtgrhn`kahnc, ghtrg casùncgs sg ghùghtrn npätucas rgegrklas n: gcàhsudksda, cn sncul budnhn y gc dnhgjalg cas rgskluas.

Cn @nrtn Vnhndgrk`nhnûg gstnocg`gh dgtns rgikahncgs, cn hg`gsk-lnl lg eartncg`gr cns `npn`klnlgs hn`kahn-cgs y ous`nr apartuhklnlgs pnrn cn n``kðhghtrg cas pnäsgs, àh gc aojgta lg dgjarnrcns ahlk`kahgs lg vkln y cn ncklnl ndokghtnc.

Gh gc pcnha khtgrhn`kahnc bny vnrkns

lkspask`kahgs qug lk`tnh pnutns pnrn cn

igstkðh ndokghtnc, qug rgpgrùtgh lkrg`tn

g khlkrg`tndghtg gh cn IK_W, euhlndgh-

tncdghtg, npnrtkr lg prkh`kpkas ada:

(>) Gc lgsnrracca sastghkocg

ûg pradugvg uh rg`kdkghta gàhð-

dkà nrdahkznla gh ahlk`kahgs lg

kiunclnl, ah cn pratg``kðh ndokghtnc y

cn gquklnl sa`knc.

(?) Gc Vrkh kpka @ahtndkhnlar-Vninlar

Gstg prkh`kpka sg pcnsdn gh uhn sgrkg lg

khstrudghtas n trnvës lg cas uîcgs sg

pradugvn cn khtgrhnckzn`kðh lg cas às-

tas ndokghtncgs, gs lg`kr, qug gc tktucnr

lg cns n`tkvklnlgs àhtndkhnhtgs nsudn,

kh`cuyghla gh gc prg`ka lg su pralu`-ta a sgrvk`ka, gc àsta lg cas kdpn`tas

a lnþas `nusnlas nc ndokghtg y n cn

paocn`kðh, y nlgdîs, lg cns n`tkvklnlgs

lgspcginlns pnrn cn prgvgh`kðh y gc

àhtrac lg cn n`tkvklnl patgh`kncdghtg

àhtndkhnhtg.

Gstg prkh`kpka sg `nhnckzn n`tuncdghtg

n trnvës lg vnrkas skstgdns n dnhgrn

lg oahas lg `nroaha y prayg`tas DLC

ghea`nlas n suovgh`kahnr prayg`tas lg

rgsnr`kdkghta g ählacg ndokghtnc.

(0) Vrkh kpka lg prgvgh kðh

\kghg par aojgta pratgigr nc badorg

y su ndokghtg ha sðca lg cas lnþas y

pgckiras khdkhghtgs uyn grrnlk`n`kðh

nosacutn sg gstnocg`g n trnvës lg uhn

prabkok`kðh, skha lg cas paskocgs rkgsias

qug lgogh gvktnrsg pnrn ha gxpahgr

khhg`gsnrkndghtg n cn paocn`kðh, n lnþas

ndokghtncgs qug puglgh tghgr geg`tas

krrgvgrskocgs.

5. Hardns khtgrhn`kahncgs qugKhuyh h cn IK_W

Cn @nrtn Vnhndgrk nhn saorg

Pncul y Ndokghtg gh gc Lgsn-

rracca Budnha Pastghkocg y gc

Vcnh lg N` kðh lg cn @ahegrgh-

kn Vnhndgrk nhn saorg Pncul

y Dglka Ndokghtg gh gc Lgsn-

rracca Pastghkocg.

>50 >5<



nspg`tas khvacu`rnlas gh su igstkðh.

Dîs núh parqug ha sg rgiucn tala gc

`k`ca lg vkln lg cas rgskluas, bnokghla

vn`äas kdpartnhtgs qug khtralu`gh lks-

tarskahgs pnrn cn apgrntkvkzn`kðh lg uh

skstgdn khtgirnla lg igstkðh.

_gspg`ta lg cas prkh`kpkas gstnocg`klasgh cn hardntkvklnl khtgrhn`kahnc, nog

sgþncnr qug gstas sg bnh khàrparnla

n hugstra arlghndkghta cginc, n trnvës

lgc @ðlkia lgc Dglka Ndokghtg y cas

_gùrsas Hnturncgs y cn rntk`n`kðh lgc

@ahvghka lg Onskcgn gh >;;0. @ah rgcn-

`kðh n cns gtnpns lgc k`ca lg vkln lg cas

rgskluas uronhas, gxkstgh Lkspask`kahgs

àda cns skiukghtgs:

(>) Ighgrn kðh

Gc @ðlkia lgc Dglka Ndokghtg pradug-

vg cn sgirgin`kðh gh cn eughtg, dkghtrns

qug gc _gicndghta lg Nsga Wronhalkspahg cn sgirgin`kðh gh gc cuinr lg

lkspask`kðh hnc.

Gc _gicndghta lg Nsga Wronha (_NW),

npraonla par Lg`rgta Puprgda 600-2>-

PN (60/>?/2>) y dalk`nla par Lg`rgta

Puprgda 609-20-PN (?2/6;/20), gs cn

prkh`kpnc hardn hn`kahnc pnrn cn igstkðh

lg cas rgskluas uronhas lg adpgtgh`kn

duhk`kpnc, nuhqug nog sgþncnr qug nla-

cg`g lg lg`kgh`kns sustnh`kncgs.

(?) Npravg`bndkghta

Gc _gicndghta pnrn gc Npravg`bndkghta

lg Vralu`tas ha Ariîhkàs _gùpgrn-

ocgs lg cns Onsurns, Lg`rgta Puprgda

6>0-99-PN (?;/>>/99), lkspahg qug sah

pralu`tas ha ariîhkàs rgùpgrnocgs:

cas pnpgcgs y nrtahgs, dgtncgs, vklrkas,

pcîstkàs, dnlgrn y `nroðh, bugsas

y nu`ba. Khlk`n ahtrnrkndghtg n ca

të`hk`n y gàhðdk`ndghtg rgàdghlnla

qug cn sgirgin`kðh lgog rgnckznrsg gh cas

rgccghas snhktnrkas.

Eki.;2 Caiatkpas lg cn @ahvgh`kðh lg

Onskcgn y lgc Whktgl Hntkahs Ern-

dgwarm @ahvghtkah ah @ckdntg@bnhig.

<2 [n bgdas khlk`nla y sustghtnla

prgvkndghtg qug gc hadorg dîs

nlgùnla nsudkla gh gc prgshgtg

gstulka bn skla _GPKLWAP W_ON-

HAP.

Gc @ahvghka lg OnskcgnPaorg gc Davkdkghta \rnhserahtgrkza lg cas

Lgsg`bas Vgckirasas y atras Lgsg`bas, ysu Gckdkhn`kðh: Gs uh trntnla ndokghtnc qugrgúhg n >>9 Gstnlas Vnrtg, àh gc aojgtalg gstnocg`gr `kgrtns aockin`kahgs pnrn gcàhtrac lgc davkdkghta trnhserahtgrkza lg

lgsg`bas pgckirasas, cn dkhkdkzn`kðh gh cn

ighgrn`kðh lg lgsg`bas y gc dnhgja nd-okghtncdghtg rn`kahnc a nlgùnla lg casdksdas bnstn su lkspask`kðh hnc.

Gc Vrataàca lg MyataGs uh nùgrla khtgrhn`kahnc qug tkghg paraojgtkva rglu`kr cns gdkskahgs lg sgks insgsqug `nusnh gc `ncghtndkghta icaonc skghlagc dîs kdpartnhtg gc lkðxkla lg nroaha(@A?), gh uh par`ghtnjg npraxkdnla lg ncdghas uh 7%, lghtra lgc pgrkala qug vnlgslg gc nþa ?662 nc ?6>?, gh àdpnrn-`kðh n cns gdkskahgs nc nþa >;;6. Gc khstru-dghta sg ghùghtrn lghtra lgc dnrà lg cn@ahvgh`kðh Dnrà lg cns Hn`kahgs Whklns

saorg gc @ndoka @ckdîtkà (@DHW@@),

9. _gegrgh`kns hardntkvns saorg cn IK_W

Cn cgikscn`kðh pgrunhn saorg rgskluas

uronhas gs lkspgrsn, khariîhk`n y bgtg-

raiëhgn. Bn skla lk`tnln par lkvgrsas

ðrinhas lgc Gstnla, gh lkstkhtas dadgh-

tas y ah rktgrkas qug nrg`gh lg uhn

lkrg``kahncklnl adúh. Gcca sg pgr`kog

kh`cusa lgslg cns prapkns lghadkhn-

`kahgs qug sg utkckznh gh cns hardns,

ghàhtrîhlasg tërdkhas ada –rgskluas

sðcklas—, –nughtgs sðcklas—, –onsurns—,

–lgspgrlk`kas—, –lgsg`bas sðcklas—,

gt`.<2

Ha bny uh àh`gpta úhkà lg cas –rgsk-

luas uronhas—, hk uhn cnsk`n`kðh uhk-

eardg lg cas dksdas, ca ùnc adpcgjkzn

dîs gc trntndkghta cginc lg cas lkstkhtas

Gstn hardn kh`cuyg pnutns të`hk`ns

saorg cn sgcg``kðh y prgpnrn`kðh lgc

cuinr lahlg sg vn n ahstrukr gc rgccgha

snhktnrka= gc lksgþa y cn prapkn apgrn`kðh

lgc rgccgha.

Vrabkog cn rknhzn lg nhkdncgs ladëstk-

às gh gc rgccgha= cn hg`gsklnl lg khstrukr

nc pgrsahnc gh dglklns lg sgiurklnl prgvghtkvns y gh cas prkdgras nuxkckas y

cn aockin`kðh lg ccgvnr rgikstras lknrkas

lg cn n`tkvklnl lgsnrraccnln.

Ekhncdghtg, gs hg`gsnrka sgþncnr qug gh

cn cgikscn`kðh hn`kahnc saorg rgskluas

sg lgtg`tn irnhlgs vn`äas hardntkvas

àda: cn `nrgh`kn lg rgiucn`kahgs saorg

cn sgirgin`kðh gh cns eughtgs lg ighg-

rn`kðh= cn rgùpgrn`kðh y gc rg`k`cnjg=

gc dnhgja lg rgskluas pgckirasas= cn

àhstru``kðh y apgrn`kðh lg cns pcnhtns

lg trntndkghta y trnhsegrgh`kn= khstru-dghtas gàhðdkàs qug nnh`gh cas

aojgtkvas lg uh skstgdn khtgirnla lg

igstkðh= cn àarlkhn`kðh ghtrg cns nutark-

lnlgs khvacu`rnlns gh gc dnhgja lg cas

rgskluas, gc gstnocg`kdkghta lg pra`glk-

dkghtas lg gvncun`kðh ndokghtnc pnrn

lgtgrdkhnlas prayg`tas lg kherngstru`-

turn, cn kdpcgdghtn`kðh lg uh skstgdn

lg nulktaräns prkvnlns pnrn nikckznr gc

àhtrac lgc Gstnla.

Lk`bas vn`äas sg gvklgh`knh nlk`ka-

hncdghtg, gh cn enctn lg rgiucn`kahgs

hardntkvns qug pgrdktnh kdpcgdghtnr

geg`tkvndghtg, cns lkspask`kahgs lg

prada`kðh lg cns khvgrskahgs lgc sg`tar

prkvnla gh cn àhstru``kðh lg kherngs-

tru`turn y cn nldkhkstrn`kðh lg cas sgr-

vk`kas púockàs, khtralu`kghla nlgdîs,

gcgdghtas lg oncnh`g qug gqukpnrgh

cns lkegrghtgs npn`klnlgs lg hgia`kn-

`kðh y udpckdkghta lg cas ahtrntas

lg sgrvk`kas, ghtrg cas duhk`kpkas y cns

dk`ragdprgsns.

(0) Ncdn`ghndkghta

Gc _NW gstnocg`g lkspask`kahgs lgtnccn-

lns saorg gc ncdn`ghndkghta y gstnocg`g

qug cn rgàcg``kðh y gc ncdn`ghndkghta

lg cas rgskluas ladk`kcknrkas sah lg aock-

in`kðh y rgspahsnokcklnl lg cas usunrkas

lgc sgrvk`ka y lg prapkglnl duhk`kpnclgslg su rgàcg``kðh. \ndokëh ahtkghg

nciuhns lkspask`kahgs saorg cas lgsg`bas

baspktncnrkas, gstnocg`kghla gc ncdn`ghn-

dkghta y cn lkspask`kðh sgirginln lg cas

rgskluas lg nckdghtas y cas lg nrî`tgr

kheg`ta-àhtnikasas. Lghg nlgdîs pnu-

tns pnrn gc pra`gsndkghta lg cas rgskluas

lg nckdghtas, pnrn cn nckdghtn`kðh lg

nhkdncgs. Kh`cuyg lkspask`kahgs saorg

cn dnhkpucn`kðh y gc lgstkha hnc lg

gsàdoras y vgbäùcas lgtgrkarnlas.

(<) _ackðh y \rnhsart

Gc _NW lkspahg dglklns lg bkikghg pnrn gvktnr dacgstkns a lnþas n tgr`gras,

lurnhtg gstns apgrn`kahgs y cn dnhkpucn-

`kðh lg cas lgsg`bas. Nutarkzn gc usa lg

àhtghglargs y sg prabkog cn sgirgin`kðh

gh vgbäùcas lg trnhspartg.

(7) \rntndkhta y trnhserhkn

Ha bny rgiucn`kahgs të`hk`ns gspg`ä-

`ns. Cgincdghtg sðca sg lghg ca qug

gs uhn Gstn`kðh lg \rnhsegrgh`kn gh gc

_NW.

(5) Lkspask kðh Ekhnc

Lg nùgrla ah gc _NW, gc skstgdn

cgincdghtg nutarkznla gs gc rgccgha

snhktnrka, uncqukgr atra skstgdn lgog sgr

nutarkznla par gc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul.

Cn hardn të`hk`n gs gc _gicndghta pnrn

cn Lkspask`kðh lg Onsurns dglknhtg gc

gdpcga lgc Dëtala lg _gccgha Pnhktnrka,

npraonla dglknhtg Lg`rgta Puprgda 5

P\H (6;/6>/5<).

>57 >55

2 Hardntkvn y cikscnkðh hnkahnc



Eki.;; Ckstn lg hardntkvn y cgikscn`kðh hn`kahnc npck`nln

nc prayg`ta uronha nrquktg`tðhkà. Gcnoarn`kðh

Vrapkn. ?6>6.

Cy Ihrnc Pncu: Cy Hº ?52<?.

_gàha`g cn rgspahsnokcklnl lgc Gstnla

erghtg n cn pratg``kðh lg cn sncul nd-

okghtnc. Nlgdîs trntn saorg cas lgsg`bas

y cn rgspahsnokcklnl lg cns pgrsahns

hnturncgs a jurälk`ns lg ha geg`tunr lgs-

`nrins lg rgskluas a sustnh`kns ahtndk-

hnhtgs nc niun, gc nkrg a nc sugca.

Nrt. >6<: Vrabkok`kðh lg bn`gr lgs`nr-

ins lg rgskluas a sustnh`kns ahtndk-

hnhtgs, sgþncn qug taln pgrsahn hnturnc

a jurälk`n, gstn kdpglkln lg geg`tunr

lgs`nrins lg rgskluas a sustnh`kns ahtn-

dkhnhtgs gh gc niun, gc nkrg a gc sugca,

skh bnogr nlaptnla cns prg`nu`kahgs lg

lgpurn`kðh gh cn eardn qug sgþncnh cns

hardns snhktnrkns y lg pratg``kðh lgc

ndokghtg.

2. Hardntkvn y cikscnkðh hnkahnc ncknn nc rayta uronha-nrqukttðhka

C y H º ? 2 ? < 7

C y D n r a c P k s t d

n

I g s

t k ð h n d o

k g h

t n c

_ i c n d h t a c n C y D n r

a c

P k s t g d n

l g

I g s

t k ð h n d o

k g h

t n c

C y H º ?

9 ; 9 ?

C y a r i î h k n D u h k k n c k n s ( C A D )

C y H º ?

2 5 > >

C y I h r n c c N d o k h t ( C I N )

C y H º ?

9 0 > <

C y I h r n c _ s k u a s (

C I _ )

_ i c n d h t a c n C y I

h r n c

l g

_ g s

k l u a s (

C I _ )

C y H º ? 5 2 < ? .

C y I h r n c P n c u (

C I P )

Cy Ihrnc c Ndokht:

Cy Hº ?25>>

@ahsklgrn qug cas prkh`kpkas lg pacä-

tk`n ndokghtnc lgogh sgr tadnlas aock-

intarkndghtg par gc iaokgrha hn`kahnc,

rgikahnc y ca`nc gh cas pcnhgs lg lgsn-

rracca qug earducgh. _gsnctnhla qug

gh lk`bn pcnhk`n`kðh lgog pnrtk`kpnr

cn paocn`kðh. Pgþncn tndokëh qug cas

iaokgrhas ca`ncgs sah cas ccndnlas n

àhtracnr gc dnhgja lg cas

Nrt. >69: Nutarklnl adpgtghtg pnrn

hardnr y vkikcnr gc dnhgja lg cns

niuns, nc`nhtnrkccnla, lkspask`kðh lg

gx`rgtns, y lkspask`kahgs lg rgskluas

uronhas quglnh sujgtas n cns lkspa-

sk`kahgs qug lk`tn cn Nutarklnl lg

Pncul. –@arrgspahlg nc sg`tar sncul

kdpucsnr cn prgvgh`kðh lg cns ghegr-

dglnlgs y dgjarnr rnlk`ncdghtg cns

àhlk`kahgs lg sncul lg cn paocn`kðh

lurnhtg gstn lë`nln—.

Nrt. >67: Dkhkdkzn`kðh y ahtrac

lg rkgsias pnrn cn sncul, lghg qug

àrrgspahlg n cn Nutarklnl lg Pncul

àdpgtghtg lk`tnr cns dglklns hg`g-

snrkns pnrn dkhkdkznr y ahtracnr cas

rkgsias pnrn cn sncul lg cns pgrsahns

lgrkvnlas lg gcgdghtas, en`targs y

nightgs ndokghtncgs, lg aheardklnl

àh ca qug gstnocg`g, gh nln nsa, cn

cgy lg cn dntgrkn.

N ` W g _ l A D W H K ` K p N C

H º ? 5

l g

e g `

b n

> < l g

P g

t k g d

o r g

l g c ? 6 6 6

A E K @ K A H º 0 0 < 7 - ? 6 6 ? - ` \ N _ / p g - l K _ P N /

l I - l N \ - l g P N : g c D k h k s t r k a P n c u

N ` W g _ l A D W H K ` K p N C H ¶ 6 2 > - ? 6 6 2

- D p N

N p r a o n ` k ð h l g ` a h s t r u ` ` k ð h l g p r a y g `

t a s l g

i g s t k ð h l g r g s k l u a s y n i u n s r g s k l u n c g s

N i g h

l n

? > C a ` n

c N r g q

u k p n

V c n h

L k r g `

t a r

N r g q u

k p n

D g

t r a p a

c k t n h n

? 6 6 ? - ? 6 > 7 y n u n k a h s

V c n h

G s

t r n t ë i

k ` a

N r g q u

k p n

D g t r a p a

c k -

t n h n ? 6 6 ? - ? 6 > 7 y n u n k a h s

I G A

N r g q

u k p n

_ i c n d h t a H n k a h n c g k e n k a h s

(

_ H G )

_ g i

c n d g h

t a l g

N s g a u r o n h a (

_ N W )

>59 >52



• Cn Lkrg``kðh Ighgrnc lg Pncul Ndokghtnc

(LKIGPN) lgc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul .

• Cn Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc qug tkghg

n su nria cn igstkðh khtgirnc lg cas

rgskluas gh su jurkslk``kðh y cn npraon-

`kðh lg cas prayg`tas lg kherngstru`turn

(prgvka Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta Ndokghtnc

npraonla par cn LKIGPN).

• Cns duhk`kpncklnlgs lkstrktncgs qug sahrgspahsnocgs par cn ckdpkgzn lg väns,

gspn`kas y dahudghtas púockàs gh su

jurkslk``kðh, nsä ada lg cn prgstn`kðh

lg sgrvk`kas lg rgàcg``kðh y trnhspartg

lg cas rgskluas duhk`kpncgs, cas uncgs

lgogrîh sgr ahlu`klas lkrg`tndghtg n cn

pcnhtn lg trntndkghta, trnhsegrgh`kn a nc

cuinr lg lkspask`kðh hnc nutarkznla par

cn Duhk`kpncklnl pravkh`knc.

Gs paskocg klghtk`nr las irnhlgs sg`targs

gh gc dnhgja lg cas rgskluas uronhas, par

uh cnla cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas uronhas

–duhk`kpncgs— (ladk`kcknrkas, adgr`kn-

cgs y skdkcnrgs), y par atra, cn igstkðh lgrgskluas uronhas –ha duhk`kpncgs— (pra-

vghkghtgs lg atrns eughtgs lg ighgrn`kðh).

Gh gc prkdgr nsa, gs cn duhk`kpncklnl, sgn

pravkh`knc a Lkstrktnc, cn rgspahsnocg lg

cn igstkðh. Gh gc sgiuhla nsa, cn rgspah-

snokcklnl par gc dnhgja cg arrgspahlg nc

ighgrnlar (Nrt. >5º).

Cas prayg`tas lg kherngstru`turn lg rgsk-

luas (trntndkghta, trnhsegrgh`kn y rgccgha

snhktnrka), lgogh sgr npraonlas par cn

Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc, ah gc Gstulka

lg Kdpn`ta Ndokghtnc npraonla par cn

LKIGPN. (Nrt. 0?º).

_gspg`ta n cas rgccghas snhktnrkas, cn Cgy

arlghn lgstkhnr gh tala rgccgha uh îrgn qug

n`túg ada onrrgrn snhktnrkn. Gc usa

lg îrgns aùpnlns par rgccghas snhktnrkas

lgspuës lg su kgrrg lgogh sgr nutarkznlas

par cn LKIGPN. (Nrt. 00º). Cn kherngstru`-

turn lg rgskluas uronhas lgogrî ahtnr ah

su rgspg`tkva GKN (Nrt. 0?º).

rgskluas gh talns sus gtnpns: rgàcg`-

`kðh, trnhspartg, trntndkghta y lkspa-

sk`kðh hnc. Gstnocg`g nskdksda qug

cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas rgskluas sg

rgnckznrî úhk`ndghtg gh cas cuinrgs qug

lgtgrdkhgh cas iaokgrhas ca`ncgs.

Nrt.>. \aln pgrsahn tkghg gc lgrg`ba

krrghuh`knocg n iaznr lg uh ndokghtgsnculnocg, gàcðik`ndghtg gqukckornla y

nlgùnla pnrn gc lgsnrracca lg cn vkln, y

nskdksda, n cn prgsgrvn`kðh lgc pnksnjg

y cn hnturncgzn. \alas tkghgh gc lgogr lg

àhsgrvnr lk`ba ndokghtg.

Nrt. 7;.>. Cas iaokgrhas rgikahncgs y

ca`ncgs gjgr`gh sus euh`kahgs y ntrkou-

`kahgs lg aheardklnl ah ca qug gstn-

ocg`gh sus rgspg`tkvns cgygs ariîhk`ns ca

lkspugsta gh cn prgsghtg cgy.

Cy Ariîhkn Duhkknckns:

Cy Hº ?9;9?

L.C. Hº 5>0= @ðlkia lgc Dglka Ndokgh-tg y lg cas _gùrsas Hnturncgs.

_icndhta Cy Hº ?90><:

Cy Ihrnc _skuas Pðckas,

Lg rgta Puprgda Hº 679-?66<-V@D=

Nrt.>. \kghg ada aojgtkva ghtrnc

nsgiurnr uhn igstkðh y dnhgja lg cas

rgskluas, snhktnrkn y ndokghtncdghtg

nlgùnln, ah sujg`kðh n cas prkh`kpkas

lg dkhkdkzn`kðh, prgvgh`kðh lg rkgsias

ndokghtncgs y pratg``kðh lg cn sncul,

nsä ada cn oúsqugln lgc okghgstnr lg cn

pgrsahn budnhn

Nrt. 0. _gàha`g qug gc dnhgja khtgirnc

y sastghkocg lg cas rgskluas sðcklas lgog

cairnrsg dglknhtg cn nrtkùcn`kðh lg

cas lkstkhtas n`targs qug khtgrvkghgh gh

su igstkðh y dnhgja. Cn Cgy klghtk`n

rgspahsnokcklnlgs lgc sg`tar púockà,

rgspg`ta n cns adpgtgh`kns gh cns igs-

tkðh lg rgskluas n trnvës lg:

gh cn `bn Hº 66<607;5 lgc rgikstra

lg cn Vrapkglnl Khdugocg lg cn A`khn

_gikstrnc _gikahnc-Nrgqukpn.

Cn Nighln Ca`nc ?> (NC?>)

Wok`n khà praocgdns euhlndghtncgs

pnrn hugstrn `kulnl, lghtra lg cas ùncgs

sg ahsklgrn cn praocgdîtk`n saorg gcdnhgja lg _gskluas Wronhas:

• Khnlgùnla dnhgja lg _W.

• @ahtndkhn`kðh Ntdaseërk`n y Paharn.

• Dnc Dnhgja lgc _äa @bkck.

• _glu``kðh lg Îrgns Ugrlgs.

• Uäns lgsnrtkùcnlns, snturnlns y lgsar -

lgh uronha.

Gc IGA Nrgqukpn

@ahsklgrn ada uhn lg cns ah`cuskahgs

gspg`ä`ns: Gc dnhgja lg cas rgskluas

nuh lkstn lg sgr khtgirnc. Pg bn pugsta

ëhensks gh cn rgàcg``kðh y sg bn lgsùk-lnla cas nspg`tas lg trntndkghta y lks-

pask`kðh hnc: Cas rgskluas sg lkspahgh

gh oatnlgras n kgca nokgrta qug nrg`gh

lg cas nspg`tas të`hkà ‐ snhktnrkas

rgqugrklas.

Vcnh Lkrg tar Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn?66? - ?6>7 y nunkahs

Gh gc Vcnh Lkrg`tar, sg ahsklgrn trgs

îrgns n arta, dglknha y cnria pcnza:

• Îrgn lg gxpnhskðh n arta pcnza

(?66?-?665)

_gccgha Pnhktnrka Pg`tar Hartg

• Îrgn lg gxpnhskðh n dglknha pcnza

(?669-?6>6)

_gccgha Pnhktnrka Pg`tar Gstg

• Îrgn lg gxpnhskðh n cnria pcnza

(?6>>-?6>7)

_gccgha Pnhktnrka Pg`tar Pur

Cas usunrkas tkghgh lgrg`ba n n``glgr n

cas sgrvk`kas lg rgskluas nlgùnlas n cns

hardns vkightgs, (Nrt. <6º). Gh àhtrn-

pnrtkln tkghgh àda aockin`kðh gc pnia

apartuha lg cas sgrvk`kas rg`koklas saorg

gc dnhgja lg cas rgskluas. (Nrt. <>º)

_icndhta Hnkahnc gknka-

hgs (_HG)

Pg nrg`g lg rgicndghtn`kðh gspg`ä`n

npck`nln n khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta y

lkspask`kðh hnc lg rgskluas par ca qug

sg ahsklgrnrîh cn hardntkvn ighgrnc qug

sg ghùghtrn gh gc :

\ktuca KKK. Glke`n`kahgs

@ahsklgrn`kahgs Ighgrncgs lg cns Glke`n`kahgs

Aka Hº 00<7-?66?-`\N_/pg-lK_PN

/ lI-lN\-lgPN

Gc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul, dglknhtg cn a-

`khn lg cn Lkrg``kðh Gjgùtkvn lg Pncul

Ndokghtnc (a`khn lg Pnhgndkghta Oî-skà), ahsklgrð npraonr gc Gxpglkghtg

lg _gccgha snhktnrka –ûgornln Bahln—

quglnhla gxpglkta pnrn su gjgù`kðh.

Nsä dksda sg ughtn ah cas skiukghtgs

laùdghtas a`kncgs, cas uncgs trntnh

lg cn praocgdîtk`n lg cas rgskluas lg

Nrgqukpn, skghla cas skiukghtgs:

Nura Duhkknc Hº ?5

lg eg`bn >< lg Pgtkgdorg lgc ?666.

Nùgrla: Lg`cnrnr lg hg`gsklnl y

utkcklnl púock`n cn kdpcgdghtn`kðh y

euh`kahndkghta lgc rgccgha snhktnrka n

uok`nrsg gh cas tgrrghas lg Vrapkglnl

Duhk`kpnc, gh uhn supgr`kg lg ?>5.;5

Bn. Wok`nlas gh gc Pg`tar lgc @aha

Hartg ghtrg cas mkcðdgtras >; y ?6 lg cn

`nrrgtgrn Nrgqukpn ‐[urn, adprghskðh

lgc lkstrkta lg [urn, pravkh`kn y lgpnr-

tndghta lg Nrgqukpn, uyn prkdgrn lg

ladkhka arrg khs`rktn

>5; >96



>.Gstrk`tndghtgcgincgs

>. @nrgh`kn lg uhn Cgy qug nrtkùcg uh

skstgdn hn`kahnc lg dnhgja lg rgsk-

luas, a gc sg`tar lg rgskluas gh gc pnäs

y qug rgiucg cas vn`äas hardntkvas

lgtg`tnlas, kh`cuyghla rgiucn`kahgs

khtgirncgs lg cas nspg`tas khstktu`kahn-cgs, hnh`kgras, të`hkàs, snhktnrkas y

lg ahtrac y s`nckzn`kðh lgc udpck-

dkghta lg cn hardntkvklnl.

?. Khnlgùnlas dg`nhksdas lg s`nckzn-

`kðh y agr`kðh pnrn gc udpckdkghta

lg cn cgikscn`kðh hn`kahnc.

0. Dalk`n`kðh lg cn hardn qug prabkog

cn sgirgin`kðh gh cn eughtg lg ighgrn-

`kðh y rgiucn`kðh lg cns n`tkvklnlgs lg

sgirgin`kðh.

<. Hg`gsklnl lg gstnocg`gr uh dnrà

hardntkva rgspnclnla par khstrudgh-

tas nlgùnlas lg igstkðh ndokghtnc,

pnrn gc àhtrac snhktnrka lg cn `rknhzn

lg grlas.

7. Enctn lg rgiucn`kahgs gspg`ä`ns pnrn

gc dnhgja lg cas rgskluas pgckirasas.

?.Khstktu kahncgs lgslg cnpgrspg tkvn cginc

>. Enctn lg cklgrnzia lg uhn nutarklnl

hn`kahnc gh cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas.

?. @nrgh`kn lg dg`nhksdas lg àarlkhn-

`kðh ghtrg cns nutarklnlgs rgcn`kahnlns

àh cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas.

0. Vraocgdns lgrkvnlas lg cn pacätk`n

`ghtrnckstn lgc Gstnla Vgrunha y lg cn

lgokcklnl lg cas iaokgrhas ca`ncgs, cas

qug nlgdîs tkghgh lkstkhtas hkvgcgs lg

àhsackln`kðh.

<. Enctn lg arlghndkghta y lg uhn cnrn

nskihn`kðh lg adpgtgh`kns, euh`ka-

hgs y enùctnlgs n nln uhn lg cns

nutarklnlgs khvacu`rnlns gh cn igstkðh

lg cas rgskluas uronhas.

Nspg tas rätk as(sudnrka ekhnc)

U. kk

<.Gàhðdkàs lgslg cnpgrspg`tkvn cginc

>. Hg`gsklnl lg lksgþnr g kdpcgdghtnr

khstrudghtas gàhðdkàs qug nnh`gh

cas aojgtkvas lgc skstgdn a gc sg`tar lg

rgskluas.

?. Kh`kpkghtg lgsnrracca lgc dgr`nla, pnrn uhn pnrtk`kpn`kðh dîs n`tkvn lgc

sg`tar prkvnla gh cn igstkðh lg cas

rgskluas.

0. Khnlgùnln kdpcgdghtn`kðh lg cns

lkspask`kahgs lg prada`kðh lg cns

khvgrskahgs prkvnlns gh cns aorns lg

kherngstru`turn y cn prgstn`kðh lg cas

sgrvk`kas púockàs.

<. Lkspnrgs npn`klnlgs lg hgia`kn`kðh,

ùdpckdkghta y s`nckzn`kðh, ghtrg

cas duhk`kpkas y cns dk`ragdprgsns

prgstnlarns lg sgrvk`kas lg ckdpkgzn

púock`n.

7. Lëokc skstgdn lg rg`nuln`kðh lg cas

nroktrkas a tnrkens par cn prgstn`kðh lg

cas sgrvk`kas lg ckdpkgzn púock`n y

igstkðh lg cas rgskluas.

0.Pa`kncgs lgslg cnpgrspg`tkvn cginc

>. @nrgh`kn lg khstrudghtas nlgùnlas

pnrn pradavgr cn glu`n`kðh snhktnrkn

y ndokghtnc, pnrn dgjarnr cas bîoktas

lg cn paocn`kðh gh euh`kðh lg cas

aojgtkvas lg uh skstgdn khtgirnla lg

igstkðh lg cas rgskluas.

?. Enctn lg khstrudghtas nlgùnlas pnrn

`nptnr cn pnrtk`kpn`kðh lg cn paocn-

`kðh gh cn prgstn`kðh lg cas sgrvk`kas

lg ckdpkgzn púock`n y igstkðh lg cas

rgskluas y gh cn tadn lg lg`kskahgs n

gccas rgegrklns.

>9> >9?

@ghtra lg \rntndkghta lg_gskluas CNP LGBGPNPUnclgdkhiðdgz

65\PAIN Ghvkrahdghtnc@ghtrg

67Pystgdntk` YnstgDnhnigdght @adpcgx Onygr @urrghtn

69 Eki.>66 Vrayg`tas rgegrgh`kncgs gstulkn-

las n hkvgc duhlknc. Gcnoarn`kðh

prapkn. ?6>6.\rnhseardn`kðh lgc vgrtg-lgra CN UNCC L‛GH JANHQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

6>



UnclgdkhiðdgzQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH DNL_KL,GPVNÞNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\ANONCAP & BG__G_AP

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH @KWLNL LGC@NOA, PWLÎE_K@NQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ N_^WK\G@\A N_I LGPKIH+UG_HAH @ACCKP

DNNI _g`y`ckhi -Glk ka pnrn gc

trntndkghta lg rgskluasQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH YKH\G_\BW_,PWKZN

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ N_^WK\G@\A _A\ZCG_ +M_GOP VN_\HG_P

60VWH\ UG_L, pcnhtn lg

igstkðh lg rgskluasQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH ON_@GCAHN,GPVNÞNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

N_^WK\G@\AYDN YKCC[ DÓCCG_N_@BK\G@\P

62BK_K[N Cnhlcc Vrajg`t

\rnhseardn kðh n pnrqug

pnksnjästk`aQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH BK_K[N,\GC NUKU, KP_NGC

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\ACN\Z + VN_\HG_P

6?67

UKraytas rgegrgh kncgs

Onygr - @urrghtnQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH OÓ__KI,CGUG_MWPGH, NCGDNHKNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ GDV_GPN @W__GH\N & NUGN Idob

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH VN_^WGHN\W_NC IN__NE,ON_@GCAHN, GPVNÞNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A ON\CCG k_AKI N_^WK\G@\GP

_gccgha snhktnrka`ahtracnla lg rgskluaskhlustrkncgs - OGEGPNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH@NÞG\G, CKDN, VG_ÚQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQGDV_GPN OGEGPN P.N.

6<Ugrtglgra E_GPB MKCCPCkegs`npg CnhlccQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQWOK@N@KÐH P\N\GHKPCNHL, HWGUN [A_M,WHK\GL P\N\GP

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\AEKGCL AVG_N\KAHP

6;

>90 >9<



6>\_NHPEA_DN@KÐH LGC UG_\GLG_A - CN UNCC L‛GH JANH

N``gsa(N)

VCNH IGHG_NC

(N) (N)

WOK@N@KÐHVN_^WG HN\W_NC IN__NE,ON_@GCAHN - GPVNÞNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A ON\CCG k _AKI N_^WK\G@\GPQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQV_GDKAPV_KDG_ V_GDKAGhgriy, Ynstg nhl _g`y`ckhi ntgiary gh gcEgstkvnc Duhlknc lg nrquktg`turn ?662.Onr`gcahn, Ppnkh.

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQÎ_GN \A\NC>76 Bg`tnrgnsQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

\rnhseardn kðh lg uh pnksnjg ladkhnla par cn

onsurn gh uhn bgrdasn pkgzn lg nrquktg`turn

pnksnjästk`n utkckznhla gstrntgikns sgh`kccns y

budkclgs.

Janh _aki: –Cn klgn eug rgnr uh skstgdn lg

àckhns y pcntneardns gs`ncahnlns qug gvktgh nc

graskðh y cg lgh n cn onsurn uh lksgþa hnturnc.

Cas trnonjas lg trnhseardn`kðh lg gstg vgrtg-

lgra - uha lg cas dîs irnhlgs lg Gspnþn - sg

khk`knrah n adkghzas lgc nþa ?666 y eugrah

àdpcgtnlas gh ?662. Gc vgrtglgra bnoän sgrvkla

nc îrgn dgtrapacktnhn lg Onr`gcahn par dîs

lg 06 nþas, ncogrinhla dîs lg ?6 dkccahgs lg

tahgcnlns lg rgskluas.

Gstg prayg`ta ha gs saca uh skdpcg dnqukccnjg

àsdëtkà lg cn supgr`kg. Gxkstg uh àdpcgja

skstgdn lg lrghnjg y rgùpgrn`kðh lg niuns

supgr`kncgs y ckxkvknlas. Vnrtg lg gstn niun gstrntnln pnrn sgr cugia usnln pnrn krrkinr cn zahn.

Nlgdîs, gxkstgh gh cn zahn u skstgdn lg rgàja

y trntndkghta lg okains qug pgrdktg pravggr lg

gcg`trk`klnl n cas glk`kas lg cn zahn.

@ada uhn gstrntgikn glu`ntkvn, nciuhns vgstk-

ikas lg rgskluas bnh skla lgjnlas par gh`kdn lg

cns hugvns pcntneardns. Gstas bnh skla gdpn-

`nlas gh ahtghglargs dgtîckàs lg dnccn qug

pgrdktgh vgr bn`kn gc khtgrkar. Gstas duras lg

onsurn eugrah uok`nlas n cn ghtrnln lgc pnrqug

àda uh pgrdnhghtg rgàrlntarka n cas vksktnh-

tgs lg cns `nrn`tgrästk ns arkikhncgs lgc sktka.

?662

Eki.>6> Vcnh Ighgrnc lg \rnhseardn`kðh lgc

vgrtglgra Cn Uncc L‛gh Janh. @ar tgsän lg

Ontccg k _aki Nrquktg`tgs. ?662.

HWGUNP _GEG_GH@KNP \KVACÐIK@NP VN_N GC PKICA RRK

(N) (N)

N`tuncdghtg n hkvgcgs khtgrhn`ka-

hncgs sg bn prapugsta uhn rgvncark-

zn`kðh lg cn nrquktg`turn khlustrknc

prada`kahnln y ncghtnln par irnh-

lgs gstulkas lg nrquktg`turn tncgs

àda _aigrs+Ptkrm+Bnroaur &

Eastgr+Vnrthgrs, par hadornr cas dîs

rgsnctnhtgs.

Gstg tkpa lg irnhlgs gstulkas, vkghgh

prapahkghla gjgdpcnrgs khtgrvgh-

`kahgs dnyardghtg ghea`nlns n cn

npgrturn puock`n lgc glk`ka khlus-

trknc ada dglka lg aduhk`n`kðh,

àhsuda y glu`n`kðh. Var gjgdpca, cn

nhtkiun enork`n ghacðik`n bay gh län

sg bn ahvgrtkla gh ghtra lg ntn, pn-

rnlar turästkà y ghtra lg pralu``kðh

y vghtn, rgnrdnhla cn klgn lg qug ca

khlustrknc ha hg`gsnrkndghtg bn lg sgr

iratgsà y ourla.

Apugstndghtg, puglg sgr utkckznla

àda dglka lg prada`kðh y rgvncark-

zn`kðh lg uhn tkpacaiän bnstn bn`g

duy paà bnoän skla acvklnln par gc

`ndpa lg cn nrquktg`turn y lksgþa,

ghàdghlnhla cn tnrgn n cn khighkg-

rän qug udpcän g`nzdghtg ah sus

euhlndghtas gstru`turncgs pgra qug

bn adpradgtkla pgckirasndghtg cn

euh`kðh uronhn qug lgsgdpgþnh gstg

tkpa lg glk`kas gh cn kulnl.

Gh gc îdokta lg cns khstncn`kahgs

snhktnrkns, sg bn hatnla uhn hatarkn

prgaùpn`kðh khtgrhn`kahnc noarlnln

y rgàha`kln n trnvës lg uhn irnh

vnrkglnl lg adpgtgh`kns y prayg`-

tas khtgrhn`kahncgs, ghea`nlas gh cn

rgùpgrn`kðh y trnhseardn`kðh pnk-

snjästk`n lg nhtkiuas y hugvas rgccghas

snhktnrkas, vgrtglgras, oatnlgras y gh

cn ahstru``kðh lg hugvns pcnhtns lg

trntndkghta lg dntgrkncgs.

Var dîs khvgrasädkc qug pugln sahnr,

irnhlgs adpgtgh`kns y prayg`tas sgbnh vghkla lgsnrraccnhla ah hatarka

khtgrës lg cn `rktk`n khtgrhn`kahnc= lg-

okla n qug prgsghtnh hugvas gheaqugs

y skstgdns ahstru`tkvas qug rgnhk-

dnh khighkasndghtg cn pnskðh par cn

gstru`turn y cn ghvacvghtg.

Gxkstgh duhlkncdghtg uhn ndpckn

vnrkglnl lg glk`n`kahgs y pcnhgs

uronhas qug bnh trntnla gc tgdn snhk-

tnrka ah dnikstrnc dngsträn y bgdas

qugrkla rgs`ntnr cas gjgdpcas dîs

rgprgsghtntkvas qug bnh sgrvkla ada

eughtg lg datkvn`kðh y gstulka.

\alas gccas bnh skla sgcg``kahnlas

onsnlas gh lkegrghtgs npartgs qug bnh

skla tadnlas gh unhtn pnrn gc lksgþa

lg hugstrn prapugstn, tncgs ada:

skstgdns lg igstkðh, nrn`tgrästk`ns lg

lksgþa uronha-pnksnjästkà, pnrtk`kpn-

`kðh y npaya sa`knc, npartgs pnrn gc

lksgþa nrquktg`tðhkà, gt`. Lghtra lg

gstn ndpckn indn bgdas rgsnctnla y

lgsnrraccnla dîs neahla nqugccas qug

bnh skihk`nla tnhta n hkvgc pgrsahncàda n hkvgc duhlknc uh nlgcnhta

skihk`ntkva gh gc lksgþa tkpacðikà

khlustrknc.

>97 >95



6?

Eki.>6? Vcnh Ighgrnc lg _gbnokcktn`kðh lgc

oatnlgra lg Bkrkyn - \gc Nvkv. @artgsän

lg Cntz uhl Vnrthgrs Cnhls`bnetsnr`bk-

tgmtur. ?662.

_GBNOKCK\N@KÐH LGC OA\NLG_A LG BK_K[N - \GC NUKU

@ahlk`kðh gxkstghtg

Vcnhtn lg rg`k`cnjg

_ndpn lg n``gsa

_ndpn cntgrnc

WOK@N@KÐHBK_K[N, \GC NUKU - KP_NGCQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A CN\Z + VN_\HG_P Cnhls`bnetsnr`bktgmturQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQV_GDKAPV_KDG_ V_GDKA@adpgtgh`kn khtgrhn`kahnc pnrn cn rgbnokcktn-`kðh lgc oatnlgra lg Bkrkyn, \gc Nvkv ?66<.QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@CKGH\GOgrn`bn Eauhlntkah, Jgrusncgd - KsrngcQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQÎ_GN \A\NC>>2 Bg`tnrgnsQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@AP\A NV_ARKDNLA ₣ <7 Dkccahgs lg gurasQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

Gc prayg`ta ahskstg gh cn irnh dgtndareasks lg

uhn dahtnþn lg onsurn y sus ncrglglargs gh uh

irnh pnrqug pnrn cn `kulnl lg \gc Nvkv.

N cn lkstnh`kn, Bkrkyn npnrg`g àda uhn –dästk`n

dahtnþn— gh dglka lg cn pcnhk`kg lg Nyncah.

Vnrn palgr prgsgrvnr gstn skcugtn gxtgrhn, sg

pcnhtgð gc lgsnrracca pnksnjästkà y lg n`tkvklnlgs

rg`rgntkvns bn`kn gc khtgrkar lg gstn, n dnhgrn

lg ansks ahtghkla lghtra lg uhn bayn `rgnln

nrtk`kncdghtg gh ca dîs ncta lg cn ackhn. Pg bnh

prapugsta gspn`kas y gs`ghns nc nkrg ckorg, y gh

gc arnzðh lg cn dahtnþn npnrg`g hncdghtguhn irnh eughtg nrtk`knc lg niun ada uh hugva

sädoaca hnturnc gh cn zahn.

Gh gc eutura, Gc räa Nyncah palrî lksùrrkr

ckorgdghtg gh gc îrgn oarlgnhla n cn dahtnþn,

lahlg uhn rndpn ah`ëhtrk`n gcgvn nc vksktnhtg

bn`kn cn dgsgtn-ansks vnrkas dgtras dîs nrrkon.

Nlk`kahncdghtg, sg bn pcnhtnla uhn tgrrnzn

vgrlg saorg cn dahtnþn y gh cns îrgns nhgxns

qug sapartnrî n`tkvklnlgs nc nkrg ckorg tncgs ada

trgmmkhi, dahtnþksda, gs`ncnln, ndpkhi, gt`.

aerg`kghla uhn ndpckn vnrkglnl lg usas pnrn

uh gspn`ka bnstn bn`g paà lgspgrlk`knla y

àhtndkhnla.

?66<

pcnhtn lg rg`k`cnjg

dgsgtn

tgrrnzns trnhsktnocgs

dkrnlar

dahtnþngxkstghtg

jnrlähnùîtkà

n``gsaprkh`kpnc

n``gsa

n``gsa

n``gsa

n``gsa

vkvgras

räa Nyncah

räa Pbappkräd

VCNH IGHG_NC

@A_\G GP^WGDÎ\K@A

LG\NCCG LG JN_LÄH N@WÎ\K@A

>99 >92



60DNNI _G@[@CKHI - GLKEK@KA LG \_N\NDKGH\A LG _GPKLWAP

WOK@N@KÐHYKH\G_\BW_ - PWKZNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A AAP NI - AVGH AVG_N\KHI P[P\GDQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQVNKPNJKPDA_A\ZCG_ + M_GOP VN_\HG_PQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@CKGH\GDnni _g`y`ckhi

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQEA\APLadkhkqug Dnr` Ygbrck

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

Cn gxprgskðh y eardn lgc hugva glk`ka gs uhn

rgn``kðh sutkc n cn sktun`kðh uronhn prgpahlg-

rnhtg y lkstrkouyg g khtgrprgtn lg eardn cnrn sus

`khà prairndns:

- Ncdn`ghndkghta lg rgskluas.

- \nccgr lg rgpnrn`kðh.

- _g`y-Bae, lahlg cn ightg puglg lgpasktnr su

onsurn.

- @uokgrtn njnrlkhnln pnrn rg`rga lg cas

trnonjnlargs lg cn àdpnþän.

- Npnr`ndkghta.

\ala gcca n cn vgz qug sg dnxkdkzn gc usa lgc pg-

rädgtra. Cn tghskðh ghtrg cas dntgrkncgs ahvgh-

`kahncgs y cas prgenork`nlas khlustrkncgs nyuln n

daclgnr gc glk`ka. Gs cn tghskðh ghtrg gc rula

bardkiðh prgenork`nla ‐gstru`turn prkh`kpnc‐ y

uh dnhta ha, uh vgca lg dnccn dgtîck`n, tgjklagh lkniahnc qug ghvugcvg nc glk`ka.

Gstg dnhta rgnckzn lkstkhtas trnonjas, euh`kahnc y

gstëtk`ndghtg. Gs skductîhgndghtg uhn pratg`-

`kðh ahtrn gc raoa y cas iacpgs, nlgdîs lg lg-

hkr gc nrî`tgr khlkvklunc lgc glk`ka. Lg nùgrla

àh gc îhiuca lg vkskðh lg nln uha, gc vgca gs

a adpcgtndghtg trnhspnrghtg, rgvgcnhla cn

gstru`turn lgc glk`ka, a trnhseardn gc vacudgh

gh uh ugrpa orkccnhtg, skdpcg y sðckla.

Gh gstg ncdn`ëh khlustrknc lg irnhlgs lkdgh-

skahgs, sg rgàcg`tnh uhn irnh vnrkglnl lg

dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas y lgsbg`bas khlustrkncgs, y

sg ncdn`ghnh y pra`gsnh.

?66<

>60

>6<

>67

Eki.>60 Gcgvn`kðh erahtnc lg partahgs.

Eki.>6< Gs`ncgrn bn`kn ùokgrtn lg bardkiðh.

Eki.>67 Lgtnccg lg nskghtas rgccghas lg onsurns.

Eki.>65 Vcnhas. @artgs trnhsvgrsncgs, cahiktulk-hncgs y pcnhtn onjn.

Eki.>69 Vgrspg`tkvn lg cn Vcnhtn.

Eki.>62 Lgtnccg lg dn`gtgras duras lg dnccn

dgtîck`n.

Eki.>6; Vcnha. Vcnhtn lg tg`bas. @uokgrtn &

gstn`kahndkghta lg bardkiðh vgrlg.

\alns cns eatairneäns lg LadkhkqugDnr` Ygbrck. @artgsän lg _atzcgr +Mrgos Vnrthgrs & _gvkstn N+\ ?7Kh @addah K.

Gc prairndn pglän uhn hnturncgzn nrtk`knc qug

sg euhlkgrn gh su ghtarha, bg`bn ah pralu`tas

rg`k`cnlas ghhaocg`klas gstëtk`ndghtg. Whn

sg``kðh lg cn pcntneardn lg npnr`ndkghta gs

cuinr lg rgpasa nc nkrg ckorg pnrn gdpcgnlas y

trnhsgúhtgs, nlgdîs lg uh gs`npnrntg lg lkeg-

rghtgs dntgrkncgs.

Cas gcgdghtas lg nskghta sg rgccghnh ah lks-

tkhtas dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas (cntns lg ogokln, lg

àdkln, nocgs) ralgnlas par uhn dnccn dgtîck`n.

Gc vgrlg orkccnhtg lgc n`nonla qug pratgig cn

ùokgrtn lg bardkiðh, y qug euh`kahn ada

kdpgrdgnokckznhtg, rgpralu`g gc àcar arparn-

tkva. Kcudkhnlargs, sgþnckzn`kahgs lg trîà y

`nrtgcgs nsgdgjnh cns cu`gs lg cns pkstns gh cas

ngrapugrtas.

Jnrlkhgrns dnightn bg`bns ah uh dntgrknc skh-tëtkà lg orn lg vklrka rgearznln, àda pralu`ta

khlustrknc nckghnla, pralu`g uh niula àhtrnstg

àh gc vgrlg vkva lgc sugca. @uorkghla cn onsg

vgigtnc bny uhn npn lg vklrka dn`bn`nla. Cns

pcnhtns pnrg`gh rg`gr lkrg`tndghtg lgc dntgrknc

rg`k`cnla.

_gccghnhla cns jnrlkhgrns sg khtralu`gh gspg`kgs

cgþasns raoustns y lg `rg`kdkghta rîpkla. Cns

eardns pnrtkùcnrdghtg ccndntkvns y cas acargs lg

cns gspg`kgs lg pcnhtns sgcg``kahnlns vkghgh y

vnh ah cas ndokas lg gstn`kahgs: gc raja snhirg

ataþnc lgc zudnqug, gc vkacgtn uargs`ghtg lg cas

oratgs lg ckcns gh vgrnha, cn gspcëhlkln y ckigrn

dgcghn lgc îroac lg cns pgcu`ns, gc vgca púrpurn

lg cas npuccas lg tndnrksà.

K

K

K

K K K K K K K

K

K

K

K K K K K K K

K

K

K

K K K K K K K

K

K

K

K K K K K K K

K

K

K

K K K K K K K

>65

>62

>6;

>69

>9; >26



6<

67

Eki.>>6 Vcnh ighgrnc lgc _gccgha

snhktnrka lg Ogegsn.

@artgsän lg Ogegsn. P.N.

?66<.

Vîikhn apugstn:

Eki.>>> (n) (o) Vra`gsa lg ahs-

tru``kðh lgc rgccgha snhk-

tnrka lg Ogegsn. @artgsän

lg Ogegsn. P.N. ?66<.

Eki.>>? Khtgrkar lgc eaygr ductku-

sas & dgzznhkhg. ?665.

Vîikhn apugstn:

Eki.>>0 Vgrspg`tkvn lgc @ghtra

Nndokghtnc lg _gùrsas y

rg`k`cnjg lg \sain. ?665.

* \alns cns eatairneäns@artgsän lg N_I Lgskih& Ugrdah @accks. ?665.

WOK@N@KÐH@NÞG\G, CKDN - VG_ÚQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQGDV_GPN OGEGPN P.N.QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

Cn gdprgsn prkvnln, Ogegsn bn skla uhn lg

cns prkdgrns gh gc pnäs gh igstkahnr y ahstrukr

uha lg cas rgccghas snhktnrkas dîs dalgrhas lg

Vgrú npnz lg rg`kokr cas rgskluas pralu`klas

par cn khlustrkn, ah gc prapðskta lg orkhlnr uhn

nlgùnln lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas dksdas, ahtrk-ouyghla ah cn pratg``kðh lgc dglka ndokghtg y

cn sncul púock`n.

Gc rgccgha sg ghùghtrn uok`nla n cn ncturn lgc

Md. 7;.7 lg cn Vnhndgrk`nhn Pur, Md. <.? lg

cn ugornln @butnhn gh gc lkstrkta lg @bkc`n,

pravkh`kn lg @nþgtg, lgpnrtndghta lg Ckdn.

Vgsg n ha sgr uh prayg`ta lksgþnla par nrquk-

tg`tas pnksnjkstns, gstg rgccgha sg bn ahvgrtkla

gh uh kdpartnhtg prg`glghtg të`hkà pnrn euturns

khtgrvgh`kahgs snhktnrkns gh gc pnäs .

?66<

WOK@N@KÐHPWOW_OKA PNDA_N DN@BGC,@KWLNL LGC @NOA - PWLÎE_K@N

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A N_I LGPKIH + UG_HAH @ACCKPNcnstnkr _ghlncc / Nhhn @awghIktn Iavgh / Ugrhah @accksQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@CKGH\G @KWLNL LGC @NOAQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQV_GDKAP ?667 - Dglnccn lg Orah`g Bac`kd Eauhlntkah

Nerk`n y Dglka arkghtg.?669 - Vrgdka @KN lgc Khstktuta lg Nrquktg`turn

lg @kulnl lgc @noa.QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQÎ_GN @AHP\_WKLN?0<7 d?.QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQÎ_GN A@WVNLN7>0 d?.QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@AP\A NV_ARKDNLAWP$ 776 666.

?665

_GCCGHA PNHK\N_KA V_KUNLA LG _GPKLWAP KHLWP\_KNCGPLG OGEGPN

\PAIN GHUK_AHDGH\NC _GPAW_@G & _G@[@CKHI @GH\_GPNDA_N DN@BGC(@GH\_A NDOKGH\NC LG _G@W_PAP & _G@K@CNJG) *

Gc ghtra ndokghtnc lg rgùrsas lg \sain gs uh

`ghtra aduhnc lg sgrvk`kas ndokghtncgs y `gh-

tra lg rg`k`cnjg lg rgskluas pnrn cn aduhklnl lg

Pndarn Dn`bgc gh @kulnl lgc @noa.

\grdkhnla lg ahstrukr gc nþa ?665, gstg glk`ka,

duhlkncdghtg incnrlahnla, sg bn ahvgrtkla gh

pnrtg lg du`bas ktkhgrnrkas glu`n`kahncgs lg

arinhkzn`kahgs y uhkvgrsklnlgs khtgrhn`kahncgs

lgokla n su ncta gstîhlnr lg lgsnrracca, lksgþa y

npartg aduhktnrka lg cn nrquktg`turn.

>?> (o)>?> (n)

>2> >2?



Gc glk`ka sg bn ahvgrtkla gh uh dalgca lg

skhgrikn ghtrg sustghtnokcklnl ndokghtnc y

gquklnl sa`knc, onsnla gh npaya y pnrtk`kpn`kðh

àduhktnrkn y pnrtk`kpn`kðh iuogrhndghtnc.

Gc glk`ka pahg gh prî`tk`n khhavnlargs y geg`-

tkvas gheaqugs eî`kcdghtg rgpck`nocgs ncrglglar

lgc duhla.

Gc lksgþa ahsklgrn gc k`ca lg vkln lgc glk`ka

khàrparnhla dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas ada gcg-

dghtas lg ahstru``kðh, rgutkckzn`kðh lgc glk`ka

nc tërdkha lg su vkln útkc, ahstru``kðh aduhktn-

rkn, rglu``kðh lg @A?, pratg``kðh ndokghtnc lg

cas ncrglglargs, y lgsnrracca sa`kagàhðdkà lg

cn aduhklnl.

Lgokla n gsn hugvn dgtalacaiän gc glk`ka ha

saca npayn cns n`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg y lgpaskta

lg dntgrkncgs, skha tndokëh gc uctkva lg cas

ncrglglargs, npaya sa`knc, ghtrghndkghta lg sus

trnonjnlargs, rgn`kðh lg pugstas lg trnonja, y

igstkðh lg rgskluas.

Gc glk`ka khàrparn dntgrkncgs sustghtnocgs y

rgùrsas cnoarncgs ca`ncgs, gstkducnhla nc gà-

hadän ca`nc, rglu`kghla gc àhsuda ghgriëtkà y

`rgnhla uh eugrtg sghtkla lg cuinr g klghtklnl.

@_K\G_KAP [ V_KH@KVKAP LGC LKPGÞAPKP\ËDK@A LGC V_A[G@\A

@NDOKA @WÎH\K@A [ \_NHPEG_KOKCKLNL

Gc prayg`ta eug pnhk`nla utkckznhla cn hugvn

dgtalacaiän skstëdk`n, n`ghtunhla su prgegrgh-`kn par cn khlgpghlgh`kn ca`nc n cn lgpghlgh`kn

icaonc, dglknhtg gc usa lg dnha lg aorn nrtgsn-

hnc ha dg`nhkznln y uhn tg`hacaiän lg skdpcg y

vknocg rgpck`nh`kn duhlknc ighgrnhla uhn hugvn

kdnigh vgrhnùcnr khlustrknc.

Gc prayg`ta gstî lksgþnla pnrn pradavgr cn

prgaùpn`kðh ndokghtnc, pradavgr hugvns bnokck-

lnlgs gh cn aduhklnl, ghsgþnr n cns pgrsahns

àda aotghgr oghg`kas n pnrtkr lgc rg`k`cnjg

y rgutkckzn`kðh lg rgskluas nsä ada gc usa lg

dntgrkncgs y tg`hacaiäns lg onja àsta.

- Aptkdkzn`kðh lg rgùrsas y dnha lg aorn ca`nc.

- Wsa lg onsurn ada dntgrknc lg àhstru``kðh.

- @rgn`kðh lg uh glk`ka qug trns`kghlg s u tkpa-

caiän n trnvës lg cn nlgùn`kðh lg n`tkvklnlgs

àhgxns n cas __.

- Dkhkdkzn`kðh n cns lgpghlgh`kns gxtgrhns lg

niun, cuz, ins y atras rgùrsas n trnvës lg cn

nutaighgrn`kðh.

- Onja ahsuda ghgriëtkà lg ahstru``kðh y

apgrntkvklnl lg cg glk`ka.

GP\ÎHLN_GP Ë\K@AP & G^WKLNL PA@KNC

@ah`gokln ada pkglrn nhiucnr lg nuta npaya n

uhn aduhklnl nontkln par cn gxtrgdn paorgzn,

gc PKLN y cn lgshutrk`kðh. Gc prayg`ta bn rg`kokla

uh eugrtg npaya iuogrhndghtnc y n trnvës lg

AHI¼s pnrn su àhstru``kðh

Cn Glu`n`kðh lg cas paocnlargs ca`ncgs gs

gc aojgtkva ghtrnc lg gstg prayg`ta. Du`bns

pgrsahns rg`kogh ghtrghndkghta praegskahnc,

npaya gàhðdkà, pugsta lg trnonja y glu`n`kðh

ndokghtnc.

>

?

>?0

<

7

5

9

2

;

>6

>> >?>0

>0

><>7

>5

>9 >2

>;

?6

?>??

?0

?<

?>

0

<

7

5

9

2 ;

>6

Eki.>>< GCGUN@KÐH CN\G_NC - @GH\_A @ADWHNC

Eki.>>7 VCNH\N ONJN - @GH\_A @ADWHNC

Eki.>>5 VCNH\N LG \G@BAP - I_NHJN @ADWHNC

Gc lksgþa rgspgtn cn klghtklnl y gc pntrk-

dahka ucturnc nlgdîs lg prapk`knr hug-

vas vncargs n cn nrquktg`turn y cn ùcturn

ca`nc n trnvës lg n`tkvklnlgs rgcn`kahnlns

àh cn nirkùcturn àduhnc, tnccgrgs sa`kn-

cgs, jnrlkhgrän y gdprgsn.

Nlgdîs gc glkà pravgg lg rgeuika

tgdparnc pnrn gc lgsnrracca lg rguhkahgs

àduhncgs y gvghtas glu`n`kahncgs,

dgjarnhla cn ncklnl lg vkln lg sus

pnrtk`kpnhtgs.

Nc`nh`gs sa kncgs aotghklas n trnvës lgc

lksgþa:- Nutapralu``kðh lg rgùrsas.

- Glu`n`kðh, ghtrghndkghta y

ighgrn`kðh lg gdpcga.

- Lgsnrracca ca`nc

(aotgh`kðh lg rgùrsas ca`ncgs)

- PK pralu``kðh y HA àhsuda.

- Npaya lg dgr`nlas ca`ncgs.

- Dgjarndkghta y npaya vg`khnc.

- Khtgirn`kðh sa`ka-gàhðdk`n lg cn

paocn`kðh

@NCKLNL G@ACÐIK@N & @AHPG_-UN@KÐH GHG_IË\K@N

Gc glk`ka bn khàrparnla khhavntkvns

tg`hacaiäns lg rgùpgrn`kðh ghgriëtk`n

àda cn rgàcg``kðh lg niun lg ccuvkn,

àdpastnjg, irnhjns y vkvgras,

tg`bas vgrlgs pnrn uctkva, nlgdîs lg

cn n`tkvklnl lg `cnsk`n`kðh y rg`k`cnjg lg

rgskluas.

Bn skla lksgþnla pnrn uh onja ahsuda

lg ghgriän y onjn gdkskðh lg nroaha

lurnhtg su k`ca lg vkln= n trnvës lg usa

lg skstgdns ha dg`nhkznlas, pra`gsn-

dkghta dnhunc, dntgrkncgs hnturncgs ha

tðxkàs, dëtalas lg àhstru``kðh ca`nc

skh dnqukhnrkn, arkghtn`kðh nlgùnln pnr

nc nptn`kðh pnskvn lg ncar, vghtkcn`kðh g

kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc.

Nlk`kahncdghtg, talas cas dntgrkncgs

utkckznlas gh cn àhstru``kðh pravkghgh

lgc dksda sktka a eugrah gcnoarnlas

lghtra lg cas cädktgs lg @kulnl lgc @noa,

dkhkdkznhla cas astgs lg trnhspartg y

nlquksk`kðh nsa`knlas n nctns gdkskahgs

lg nroaha. Gh uh eutura gstas puglgh

sgr lgsnrdnlas y hugvndghtg rgutkckzn-

las gh atrns glk`n`kahgs,

0

@A_\GP GP^WGDÎ\K@A - GP\_N\GIKNP LG KCWDKHN@KÐH [ UGH\KCN@KÐH HN\W_NCvgrnha

län län

ha`bg ha`bg

khvkgrha

H

Eki.>>; Pkstgdn lg rgùpgrn`kðh y

ncdn`ghndkghta lg niuns lg

ccuvkn.

E k i .> ? 6

G C G U N @ K Ð H

E _ A H \ N C - @ G H \ _ A @ A

D W H N C

Eki.>>9 Gstulka Pacnr pnrn cn `nptn`kðh pnskvn

sacnr.

Eki.>>2 Gstrntgikns lg Kcudkhn`kðh y vghtkcn`kðh

Hnturnc.

@GH\_A @ADWHNC

>. Vcnzn Ackvgr \ndoa

?. Ghtrnln uokgrtn

0. Eaygr lg ghtrnln

<. @a`khn

7. Eaygr ductkusas

& dgzznhkhg

5. Bncc

9. Ncdn`ëh

2. Vnsnrgcn gxtgrkar

;. _gsgrvarka lg niun ccuvkn

saorg pnsnrgcn

>6. Vntka

>>. Jnrläh lg vgigtncgs

>?. Ncdn`ëh

>0. \nhqugs lg niun><. Onþa lks`npn`ktnlas

>7. - >5. Onþas B / D

>9. \nccgrgs lg trnonja

>2. A`khn Apgh-pcnh

>;. _g`gp`kðh

?6. A`khn

?>. Zahn lg rg`k`cnjg nokgrta

??. Zahn grrnln lg rg`k`cnjg

?0. Gstn`kahndkghta

?<. Dgr`nla - përiacn

I_NHJN @ADWHNC

>. Gu`nckptas pratg`targs,

lgeghsn hnturnc, sadorn

hnturnc & pralu``kðh lg

dnlgrn.

?. Pgta vkva pnrn ùctkva,

skgdorn y asg`bn.

Ncturn 7 d.

0. _gjn lg rndns sg`ns

<. Vëriacn lg rndns sg`ns

7. Erutncgs y gspg kgs

nradîtk`ns n ca cnria lg

cn nccg.

5. Jnrläh dura: Dnäz,

erkjacgs, gt`.

9. _gsgrvarkas pnr niunlg ccuvkn.

2. @ac`bahgs lg ùctkva n

onsg lg ccnhtns

;. Jnrläh lg vgigtncgs

>6. Irnhjn lg nvgs

>20 >2<



@ADVN\KOKCKLNL [ LGPN__ACCAG@AHÐDK@A

Gc prayg`ta gs uh pradatar lg gàhadän lg

nutasu`kgh`kn aduhktnrkn, gstnocg`kln par

dglka lg cn rgn`kðh lg hugvas pugstas lg

trnonja y prada`kðh gdprgsnrknc.

Cas ca`ncgs eugrah ghtrghnlas lknrkndghtg

pnrn cn ahstru``kðh lgc prayg`ta, du`bas lg

gccas ha tghän aha`kdkghta nciuha lg ahs-

tru``kðh y núh nbarn sg skiugh lgsgdpgþnh-

la gh gc hgia`ka lg cn ahstru``kðh.

Eugrah usnlas dntgrkncgs y dnha lg aorn ca-`nc pnrn ahstrukr cn gstru`turn lg tnc dnhgrn

sg ntrnkin gc dnyar oghg`ka gàhðdkà n cn

àduhklnl dksdn, lnhla nc nsa`ka púockà-

prkvnla gc dîxkda lg rgtarha lg khvgrskðh.

\g`hacaiän lg dnha aorgrn saorg dnqukhnrkn

eug cn cnvg ghtrnc lgc npaya àduhnc n

trnvës lg cn nrquktg`turn, lg tnc dnhgrn qug

sg npravg`bð cn dnyar nhtklnl lg dnha lg

aorn lkspahkocg, kh`rgghtnhla cas pugstas lg

trnonja.

Gc glk`ka gh sk dksda àhsudg duy pa`n

ghgriän pnrn su euh`kahndkghta, y cas dn-

tgrkncgs utkckznlas nc sgr lg nctn lurnokcklnl,

nsgiurnh uh pgrkala lg vkln dîs cnria y ah

dghas dnhtghkdkghta.

_GPVWGP\N @AH\GR\WNC & KDVN@\AGP\Ë\K@A

Gc va`noucnrka nrquktg`tðhkà lgsnrraccnla

par gc prayg`ta has bnocn lg uh hugva tkpa

lg nrquktg`turn vgrhnùcnr khlustrknc qug

gsoazn sutkcdghtg cn trnlk`kðh ahstru`tkvn

lgc cuinr y rgn uh prg`glghtg pnrn euturns

lg`nlns.

Gc glk`ka tgjg bîokcdghtg cn trndn uronhn lgc

vg`khlnrka lahlg sg bn kdpastnla, gstnocg-

`kghla uhn hugvn jgrnrquän gh cn gstru`turn

uronhn ca`nc= rgccghnhla uhn nhtkiun org`bn

tnh pgreg`tndghtg qug pnrg`kgrn qug skgdprg

gstuva nbä.

Gc ghtra aduhnc krrnlkn uh skihk`nla lg

cuinr, uh skihk`nla lg klghtklnl y pratg``kðh

par pnrtg lg cas dksdas vg`khas qug ahs-

truygrah dnhuncdghtg uhn aorn qug bay cgs

orkhln gdpcga, npn`ktn`kðh y npaya sa`knc.

Cn utkckzn`kðh lg ndpckns îrgns vgrlgs,vkvgras, tg`bas vgrlgs y pcnhtns erutncgs

bn rgjuvghg`kla gc pnksnjg `krùhlnhtg. Nsä

dksda gc gdpcga lg të`hk`ns, dntgrkncgs y

n`nonlas ahstru`tkvas ca`ncgs cairnh rglu`kr

gc kdpn`ta y nudghtnr gc sghtkdkghta lg pgr-

tghgh`kn ghtrg cas paocnlargs lg cn zahn.

Gc glk`ka bn skla lksgþnla pnrn sapartnr,

gxkocgdghtg, uncqukgr ndoka eutura:

hugvas pksas puglgh nþnlkrsg. Cas tnccgrgs

eî`kcdghtg puglgh pnrtk`kahnrsg g kh`cusa

gc îrgn lg cnsk`n`kðh lg onsurn palrän

àhvgrtkrsg gh gspn`ka pnrn a`khns.

7

<

Eki.>?> @ahstru``kðh àduhnc nþa ?667.

Eki.>?? Khirgsa Vrkh`kpnc. Ukstn lgslg cn Vcnzn Ackvgr \ndoa. ?66.

LG\NCCG LGDN\G_KNCGP

>. Lkvgrsa rnhia lg pcnhtns

suùcghtns gh 96 dd. lg

sugca adpastnla

?. Nkscnhtg lg Vackgtkcgha a

igadgdornhn khlustrknc

+ <6 dd. lg hgaprgha n

prugon lg niun

0. @uokgrtn lg nþns y

rndns lg <6 - 76 dd Ò

n prugon lg niun.

<. Ukin lg Iudpacg(Dnlgrn ca`nc)

7. Irnvn ghvugctn gh

igatgxtkc pnrn lrghnjg

5. 97 Ò lg lrghnjg

9. Gstu`nla rústkà

2. _gjns lg sgiurklnl lg

dgtnc rg`k`cnla

;. Nskghta lg dnlgrn

>6. Cnlrkccas enork`nlas

kh sktu lghtra lgc

prairndn lg gdpcga

ca`nc.

>>. Cnlrkcca lg pksa saorg

sugca adpn`tnla

(gsàdoras lg lgdack`kðh

dn`bn`nlas eugrah

usnlas ada nirginlas

gh gc ah`rgta lg cas

`kdkghtas.

LG\NCCGP@AHP\_W@\KUAP

>. Ughtkcn`kahgs njustnocgs

pnrn vghtkcn`kðh gh

vgrnha

?. \g`ba vghtkcnla gstîtk a

0. @nvklnl lg vghtkcn kðh

khtgrhn.

<. \g`bas lg `nþn

7. Ukins lg dnlgrn

Iudpacg trntnlns

5. –Gsàdora -`rgta (ruoocg-

`rgtg—) - \alas cas

dkgdoras gstru`turncgs

àhskstgh gh onrrns prg-

gsearznlns rg`k`cnlns,

dgz`cn lg dartgra lg nctn

rgskstgh`kn y rgstas lg

cnlrkccas cnsk`nlas

9. @gcasäns lg `nþn

2. Vksa lg cnlrkcca rg`k`cnla;. \rnonja gh dgtnc

rgnckznla par nrtgsnhas

ca`ncgs lghtra lgc

prairndn lg gdpcga

ca`nc.

>6. Duras lg lrywncc.

>>. @nhncgs lg rgùpgrn`kðh

lg niun lg ccuvkn

>?. Vnhgcgs lg cnlrkcca

lgàrntkva

>0. Nskghtas lg Gu`nckpta

Eki.>?0 @ahstru``kðh àduhnc nþa ?667.

Eki.>?< Khirgsa Vrkh`kpnc. Ukstn lgslg cn Vcnzn Ackvgr \ndoa. ?66.

>

>

?0

<

75

9

2

;

>6

>?

>>

>0

>?0

<

7

5

9

2

;

>6

>>

>27 >25



65WOK@N@KÐHUNCLGDKHIÐDGZ,@NÞNLN _GNC, DNL_KL - GPVNÞNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A NONCAP & BG__G_APQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@CKGH\G N[WH\NDKGH\A LG DNL_KLQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQV_GDKAP ?666 Vrgdka Nyuhtndkghta lg Dnlrkl lg

Nrquktg`turn.?66> RKU Vrgdka Irupa Lrninlas lg

Nrquktg`turn lg cn Euhln`kðh @GAG.

?66> Vrgdka @AND >;;; lg Nrquktg`turn

?66? Pgcg``kahnla KKK Okghnc Kograndgrk`nhn lgNrquktg`turn g Khighkgrän @kvkc.

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

Eughtgs:

NONCAP & BG__G_AP. –_g`k`cnhla Dnlrkl— Gl.N`tnr. Gspnþn. ?666.

@ACGIKA LG N_^WK\G@\AP LG CN @ADWHKLNLUNCGH@KNHN. –Uän Nrquktg`turn 67 - Kherngstru`-

turns—. >;;;.

\alns cns eatairneäns artgsän lg Kþnmk Noncas,Junh Bgrrgras y Iaaicg Gnrtb.

UG_\GLG_A LG UNCLGDKHIÐDGZVar Kþnmk Îoncas & Junh Bgrrgras

Gh cn gsqukhn surgstg lgc duhk`kpka lg Dnlrkl,

gh su atn dîs onjn, sg ghùghtrn gc îrgn lgUnclgdkhiðdgz, uh tgrrktarka îrkla y lgirnlnla,

bkstðrk`ndghtg lglk`nla nc vgrtkla lg cas rgsk-

luas lg cn kulnl.

Gc cuinr gstî ladkhnla par uhn ghardg dgsgtn

nrtk`knc ahstrukln ah cn onsurn lgpasktnln

gh cas úctkdas 06 nþas, dkghtrns surig atrn lg

skdkcnrgs lkdghskahgs qug rg`grî cas prðxkdas

?7 nþas. Ndons ntncnyns adpahgh cn `nog`grn

lgslg gc ghtra lg cn kulnl n uha lg cas irnh-

lgs prayg`tas dgtrapacktnhas lg cn @aduhklnl

lg Dnlrkl: GC VN_^WG _GIKAHNC LG PW_GP-

\G. Whn oacsn lg rgsgrvn hnturnc bn`kn cn ùnc cn

`kulnl rg`g krrgvgrskocgdghtg.

Var gcca sg pghsð qug cn lgsinsk`n`kðh lgc

vkgja vgrtglgra - uh pra`gsa lg nc dghas >7

nþas- palrän npartnr rgùrsas gàhðdkàs pnrn

ighgrnr uhn pkgzn gspg`knckznln lgc pnrqug

rgikahnc. Wh pnrqug ghtghlkla ada uh –îrgn

lg kdpuhklnl— lahlg pulkgrn lnrsg nokln n

nqugccas usas khsðcktas, gxtrnvninhtgs g kh`cusa

dacgstas qug, àda cn onsurn, sah gxpucsn-

las lg cns pnrtgs yn àhsacklnlns pgra qugàheardnh cn uronhklnl lgc tgrrktarka. Lgslg gc

puhta lg vkstn okacðikà, uh tgrrgha tnh nirgskva

lg prapkglnl púock`n pgrdktg ghtghlgr cn khtgr-

vgh`kðh ada uhn apartuhklnl pnrn khvgstkinr y

ùctkvnr gspg`kgs rgskstghtgs: uh vkvgra duhk`k-

pnc pcnhtgnla ada dîqukhn lg rgeargstn`kðh.

Pg bnh ghsnynla të`hk`ns ah cns qug dnhkpucnr

pasktkvndghtg gc pnksnjg bnstn bn`g okgh paà

kiharnla: sg trnonjð ah gc tgdn lg cas acargs,

àh gc vkghta, ah cn rkqugzn arhktacðik`n, ah

gc davkdkghta lg tkgrrns n irnh gs`ncn, ah nc

graskðh, ah cn vgca`klnl lg lkstkhtas lgpartgs,

àh gc vn`äa nrn`tgrästkà lg Cn Dnh`bn, ah

indns lg acar nrghn y pnrla y ah cns rglgs lg

aotgh`kðh lg okaiîs.

?666 @GH\_A LG \_N\NDKGH\A LG _GPKLWAP CNP LGBGPNPVcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg _gskluas Wronhas lg Unclgdkhiðdgz

àhtrac n``gsa - pgsnjg

>. N``gsa

?. Vks`khn

0. Vk`nlgra ùokgrta lg `nonccas gh pupkcnjg

<. Ukvgras Okatg`hacðikàs lg pralu``kðh

7. Zahn lg pntkhnjg y ok`k`cgtn lg `ndpa y

n`raoîtk`n

5. @ndpas lg lgpartgs rgicnlas (eútoac,

oncah`gsta, pkhi pahi, tghks, erahtðh, gt`.)

9. Nrghgras pnrn jugias lg pcnyn

2. Cnia nrtk`knc pnrn jugias lg nvghturn

;. Jnrlkhgs pkcata y gjgdpcas lg xgrajnrlkhgrän

>6. Gsùgcn lg vugca n vgcn ( ncn lgctn y

pnrnpghtg)

>>. @krùkta lg nrrgrns lg tkgrrn ( data`rass,

oaaikgs, gt`.)

>?. @krùkta lg nrrgrns lg nsencta y paskokcklnl

lg uhkðh ah cn nhtgrkar (mnrts, datas, gt`.)

>0. Dalgcksdas (nvkahgs , nutas, onràs)

><. –Vgcaussg— lg krùktas lg dalgcksda

>7. Npnr`ndkghta lg krùktas y dalgcksdas.

Zahn lg glu`n`kðh vknc

>5. @ackhn gxkstghtg rg`rg`kln

>9. Rgraiace àh zahn lg prî tk`ns

>2. Vkstn lg smk saorg bkgron nrtk`knc

>;. @gdghtgrka lg nhkdncgs

?6. Hugvns Khstncn kahgs lg trntndkghta lg __

a`khns - cnsk n`kðh - suopralu tas àdpastnjg - nha rg`bnza

H

GLKEK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGP

Vcnhtn`kahgs lg pralu``kðh lg vkvgraokatg`hacðikà

Oasqug - 96% pkhus bncgpghsks

Oasqug - <6% pkhus bncgpghsks

Onrrgrn vgigtnc lg sgpnrn`kðh lg

`krùcn`kahgs lg trnhspartg pgsnla

Pupgr`kg lg nrghn

Oasqug lg dntarrnc, nroustas y suo-nroustasàh prgladkhka lg gspg`kgs par onhln

Eki.>?7 Vcnh ighgrnc lg \rnhseardn`kðh lgc

vgrtglgra duhk`kpnc lg Unclgdkhiðdgz. >;;9.

hugvas rgccghas snhktnrkas


nhtkiua vgrtglgra lg vnclgdkhi]adgz

?6

>;

>2

>9

>5

>5

>7>7

>0

>0

>6

;

2

9

9

5

7

0

<

?

>

>?

>>

><

H

_GCCGHA PNHK\N_KANC ?66;

V_AVWGP\N A_KIKHNC LG \_NHPEA_DN@KÐH VNKPNJÄP\K@N LG NH\KIWA UG_\GLG_A - >;;9

>29 >22



HWGUNP KHP\NCN@KAHGP LG\_N\NDKGH\A LG _WVar Kþnmk Îoncas & Junh Bgrrgras

Gc prayg`ta eardn pnrtg lg uh àhjuhta lg n``ka-

hgs lgstkhnlns n aotghgr uh skstgdn rn`kahnc lg

trntndkghta lg __, nsä àda n cn trnhseardn`kðh

g khàrparn`kðh lg sus tgrrghas nc ahjuhta lgc

Eutura Vnrqug _gikahnc lgc Purgstg, uhn lg cns

npugstns dîs ntrn`tkvns lg cn kulnl pnrn gqukck-

ornr cns lkegrgh`kns sa`kncgs y dglkandokghtncgs

ghtrg gc hartg y gc sur.

Gc glk`ka lg cnsk`n`kðh ghtrnckzn uh àhjuhtabgtgraiëhga lg pra`gsas lg sgcg``kðh y pra-

`gsnla lg __, ncdn`ghnjg, tnccgrgs y a`khns,

uhk`nlas onja uhn irnh uokgrtn vgrlg kh`ckhnln

qug sg bn`g gà tnhta lgc `nrî`tgr irnvktntarka

lgc pra`gsa ada lg cn cnlgrn arkikhnc lahlg

Gstg glk`ka sg àdpcgtn àh las àhstru``kahgs

àdpcgdghtnrkns, uhn lgstkhnln n cn gcnoarn`kðh

y nha lg àdpast n pnrtkr lg cns ern``kahgs

ariîhk`ns rgùpgrnlns y cn sgiuhln, nc ahtrac y

pgsnjg lg cas ndkahgs qug n``glgh nc rg`khta.

Ndons sg bnh trntnla àda pkgzns khlustrkncgs

qug lkncainh ah cn gs`ncn y skhiucnrklnl lgc

pnksnjg, ahstruklns ah skstgdns nhîcaias n cas

gdpcgnlas gh gc prkdgr glk`ka.Cn khstncn`kðh gh su ahjuhta tkghg uhn vkln útkc

lg vgkhtk`khà nþas. \rns gstg pgrkala palrî

rg`k`cnrsg ada gqukpndkghta lgc pnrqug a lgs-

dnhtgcnrsg rg`k`cnhla sus adpahghtgs.

sg nskghtn, rgstktukln, npravg`bnhla gc adpast

pralu`kla.

Gc glk`ka qugln ghvugcta gh pack`nroahnta

rg`k`cnla, qug uhk`n cas lkstkhtas prairndns g

khàrparn uh îrgn dusgairî`n ah uh rgàrrkla

pnrn vksktnhtgs lgstkhnla n cn sghskokckzn`kðh

dglkandokghtnc lg cas kulnlnhas.

Cn uokgrtn vgrlg, gc pack`nroahnta, cn gstru`turnckigrn ntarhkccnln y gc ahjuhta lg n`nonlas khtg-

rkargs dnhkgstnh gstg gspärktu, adpahkghla uh

skstgdn ahstru`tkva qug dugstrn gc dnyar ad-

pradksa dglkandokghtnc qug puglg aotghgrsg

bay ah cns të`hk`ns lkspahkocgs gh gc dgr`nla.

(pîikhn n`tunc)

Eki.>?5 Khtgrkar lg cns cähgns lg trnonja vkstns

juhta nc easa lg vacudkhasas. @artgsän

lg Noncas & Bgrrgras Nrquktg`tas. ?666.

(pîikhn apugstn)

Eki.>?9 Ukstn lg cn ùokgrtn vgrlg.

Eki.>?2 Vcnhtn lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg rgskluas.

LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

n. Vcnhtn lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg rgskluas

\kpa lg rgskluasrgskluas uronhas

@npn`klnl??6 \ah. / b.

Easa lg rg`gp`kðh>6 626 d0

Pkstgdn lg gxtrn``kðh lg pacva27 666 d0 / b.

Vugrtns lg lgs`nrin>2

Pkstgdn lg nckdghtn`kðh? pughtgs irún ah pucpas lg >6 d0 /u.

H¶ lg cähgns lg rgùpgrn`kðh< lg 77 \ah. / b. `/u

Cahiktul tatnc `khtns trnhspartnlarns> <05 dc.

Vralu`tas rgùpgrnlaspnpgc, nrtðh, dgtncgs eërrgas, dgtncgs ha

eërrgas, pcîstkà lghsa, pcîstkà cd y vklrka

Vrghsn lg suopralu`taspralu``kðh : >7 666 Mi. / b.

H¶ pnqugstgs par barn : >5

Vatgh`kn : 29 Mwb.

Vgsa : ?7 666 Mi.

Vrghsn lg eërrkàspralu``kðh : 9 ?66 Mi. / b.

H¶ pnqugstgs par barn : 56

Vatgh`kn : << Mwb.

Vgsa : ?? 666 Mi.

@nrn`tgrästk`ns ndokghtncgsPkstgdn lg gxtrn``kðh lg pacva gh easas lg

rg`gp`kðh + Gqukpa lg ctrn`kðh par dglka lg

Ekgctras lg dnhins.

o. Vcnhtn lg vacudkhasas

\kpa lg rgskluasdgtncgs eërrgas, cähgn ocnh`n, dnlgrn y `bntnrrn

@npn`klnltrkturn`kðh àh `npn`klnl lg 06 - 56 \ah. / b.

Easa lg rg`gp`kðh? 766 d0

Vugstas lg lgs`nrin>7

Pkstgdn lg nckdghtn`kðhirún gstn`kahnrkn ah pucpa lg 5 d

0 `/u.

@k`ca lg nckdghtn`kðh> k`ca / dkhuta.

Vatgh`knIrún : 97 Mwb.

Dackha : ? x ?66 Mwb.

>2; >;6

LN\AP\Ë@HK@AP



LN\AP \Ë@HK@AP

`. Vcnhtn lg irnh`gnla lg pcîstkàs

\kpa lg rgskluaspcîstkà cd y vklrka lg pcnhtn lg sgpnrn`kðh

@npn`klnl - Îrgn? cähgns lg 766 Mi. / b. /u. - >666 d?

Gqukpa lg rg`k`cnla lg oatgccns VG\\acvn lg nàpka : >6 d. lg cahiktul

Dackha : 76 @U.

Gqukpa lg cnvnla : nutadîtkà

gquka rkcna oatccns pg, pp y EKCD\acvn lg nàpka : 2 d. lg cahiktul

Dackha : 76 @U.

Gqukpa lg cnvnla : trgh lg cnvnla

Gqukpa lg sg`nla y rgdackla

Pkca lg nùducn`kðh : ?.?6 x ?.76 x 7.66 d.

Pkca lg rgàikln : >9 d0

Pkca lask`nlar : >.27 x >.56 x 0.96 d.

Gqukpa lg gxtruskðh : >76 @U. (>>6 Mwb.)

Pkstgdn lg artg vgrtk`nc khàrparnla

Eki.>?; Ukstn nërgn lg cn pcnhtn lg gcnoarn`kðh y nha lg àdpast

Eki.>06 Glk`ka lg rg`gp`kðh y pgsnjg

Eki.>0> Ukstn lg cns pugrtns lg rg`gp`kðh lg _W

Eki.>0? Ukstn lgc pntka khtgrkar juhta n cns a`khns y gc dusga

>?; >0>

>0?

Ghtrnln n dnlurn`kðh>77 666 \ah. / nþa. (76% budglnl)

Pnckln lg túhgcgs

>?7 666 \ah. / nþa. (07% budglnl)

ghtrnn trðdcs nha

27 666 \ah. / nþa. lg adpast

<6 666 \ah. / nþa. lg khgrtgs

@adpast n dgsns lghskdëtrk`ns

97 666 \ah./ nþa_g`bnza76 666 \ah. / nþa.

@adpast n`nonla irnla KU00 976 \ah. / nþa.

@adpast pgsnla n rg`bnza00 976 \ah. / nþa.

_g`bnza ckigra

9766 \ah. / nþa.

l. Vcnhtn lg adpastnjg y nha

\kpa lg rgskluasdntgrkn ariîhk`n pra`glghtg lg KPV_

@npn`klnl?66 666 \ah. / nþa.

@ahtrac lg pcnhtnnutadîtkà

\kgdpa lg egrdghtn`kðh y dnurnkðh

>7 läns `/u.

H¶ túhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh y dnurnkðh

?? `/u.

H¶ okactras y surk tatnc

< x (0< x ?7) 4 0 <66 d?

Purk tan cn cnhtn

7? ?57

H¶ tatnc lg dc. lg `khtn trnhspartnlarn> ?26 dc.

Ghtrnln n egrdghtn`kðh?66 666 \ah. / nþa. (76% budglnl)

g.Lgpðskta hnc n vgrtglgra (rg`bnzas)

@npn`klnl??.9 dkccahgs lg d

0

Húdra cns - Purk vrtka

9 - 2? 766 d?

Laocg onrrgn lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðhonrrgrn igacðik`n nrtk`knc lg nr`kccn : 76 d.

Cîdkhn packgtkcgha : >.7 dd.

Vratg``kðh nhtkpuhzahndkghta ah igatgxtkcgs

Pkstdn rhnj y vnunkðh ckxkvknas

@npn lg irnvn lg 76 d. ah pazas lg

`npnt`kðh y rgiucn`kðh

Pkstgdn lg gxpcatn`kðhLgpðskta, adpn`tn`kðh y uork`kðh lknrkn

Pkstgdns lg sgccnla@npn lg lrghnjg lg insgs : ?7 d. lg irnvn

Kdpgrdknokckzn kðh ah nr`kccns : ?7 d.

lrghnjgs pcuvkncgs : 76 `d lg irnvn

àogrturn lg tkgrrn : >.66 d.

>06

>;> >;?

>;96 ?6>6 @ADVCGJA VN_N CN IGP\KÐH PKP\GDÎ\K@N LG



69WOK@N@KÐHOÓ__KI, MÕCH,CGUG_MWPGH - NCGDNHKNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A UN_KAPQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@CKGH\G ON[G_ @W__GH\N NI & NUGN IdobQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

\alns cns Eatairneäns sncva khlk`n`kðh@artgsän lg:

ON[G_ @W__GH\N NI & NUGN IdobNcgdnhkn. ?6>6. Iaaicg Gnrtb.

>;96 - ?6>6 @ADVCGJA VN_N CN IGP\KÐH PKP\GDÎ\K@N LG_GPKLWAP GPVG@KNCGP Onygr @urrghtn NI & NUGN Idob

_KA _GKH (_kh)

_ g c c g h a P n h k t n r k a l g

r g s k l u a s

g s p g ` k n c g s

l g

O ó r r k i ( @ W _ _ G H

\ N )

V c n h t n l g t r n t n d

k g h t a

l g n i u n s r g s k l u

n c g s

( @ W _ _ G H \ N )

calas lg lgpurnlarn

ckxkvknlas

niuns rgskluncgs (`kulnl)

niun trntnln

?

0

>

> ?

Eki.>00 Gsqugdn lgc skstgdn lg igstkðh kh-

tgirnc lg rgskluas pnrn cn `kulnl lg

Cgvgrmusgh - Ncgdnhkn. Gcnoarn`kðh

prapkn. ?6>6

WH UG_LNLG_A DALGCA LG IGP\KÐHKH\GI_NC LG _GPKLWAP

Cn kulnl lg @acahkn - Ncgdnhkn, lgslg bn`g <6

nþas ughtn ah uha lg cas skstgdns lg igstkðh

lg __ dîs nvnhznla lgc duhla adpugstas

par ? gdprgsns prkh`kpncdghtg NUGN Idob

qug sg gh`nrin lg cn rgàcg``kðh, `cnsk`n-

`kðh y vncarkzn`kðh lg rgskluas ladk`kcknrkas y

nc gdprgsn ON[G_ @W__GH\N NI, qug sg

gh`nrin lgc trntndkghta lg niuns rgskluncgs,

calas, kh`khgrn`kðh y lkspask`kðh hnc lg rgskluas

uronhas y rgskluas pgckirasa pravghkghtgs lg cn

pcnhtn quädk`n lg Onygr uok`nln n dghas lg ?6

Md. lgc cuinr.

Gc skstgdn lg àcnoarn`kðh kdpcnhtnla ghtrg

ndons gdprgsns bn pgrdktkla uhn vgrlnlgrn

igstkðh khtgirnc lg rgskluas ah gc dähkda lg

përlklns dglkandokghtncgs y lg ncta rghlkdkghta

gàhðdkà.

Gh cn gdprgsn NUGN Idob uok`nln n dghas lg

0 md. lgc _gccgha Pnhktnrka (Lgpahkg) lg Oórrki,

sg rgnckzn cns cnoargs lg rgàja, trkturn`kðh y

`cnsk`n`kðh lg rgskluas lg uhn dnhgrn rgnc -

dghtg úhk`n dglknhtg cn pnrtk`kpn`kðh n`tkvn lg

cn paocn`kðh qug ghtrgin kh sktu cas rgskluas yn

`cnsk`nlas gh `nsn. Du`bas lg gccas núh àh

`npn`klnl lg utkckzn`kðh sah lahnlas talas cas

hgs lg sgdnhn n khstktu`kahgs oghë`ns pnrn

su usa y rgutkckzn`kðh, skh cn hg`gsklnl lg rg`kokr

hkhiúh tkpa lg pra`gsndkghta eäskà, quädkà

a okacðikà. Gs dîs sg bn cairnla lkspahgr uh

skstgdn lg `cnsk`n`kðh gh àhtghglargs lg dîs

lg <6 tkpas lkstkhtas lg onsurn, nudghtnhla nc

g`kgh`kn gh gc pra`gsa lg gsàja y sgpnrn`kðh

lg rgskluas.

Var atra cnla,gh gc adpcgja lg trntndkghta lg

Oórrki, sg ghùghtrnh gstrntëik`ndghtg, uhn

juhta n cn atrn uok`nlns cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta

lg niuns rgskluncgs, gc kh`khgrnlar lg rgskluas

gspg`kncgs y gc rgccghas snhktnrka lg Oórrki.

\alas cas rgskluas gspg`kncgs, khlustrkncgs y

rg`bnzas rg`koklas lgslg cns pcnhtns lg NUGN

sah lkrkiklas n cns kh`khgrnlarns lahlg sah

trntnlas tërdk`ndghtg pnrn pralu`kr ghgriän

tërdk`n lg ncgen``kðh y gcë`trk`n pnrn taln cn

zahn y pnrn gc pnrqug quädkà (@bgdypnrm)

khlustrknc lg Onygr. Nsä dksda tala cala rgsklunc

rgsuctnhtg lg cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg niuns

ncglnþn n cn kh`khgrnlarn, gs lkrkikla n gstn pnrn

su hgutrnckzn`kðh tërdk`n.

\alas cas rgskluas rg`bnznlas y gx`glghtgs lg

gstas pra`gsas sah gdpnqugtnlas gh ahtg-

hglargs gspg`kncgs y lgpasktnlas gh gc rgccghaPnhktnrka lg nctn sgiurklnl uok`nla n dghas lgc

766 d. lgc sktka y n dghas lg 76 d. lgc _äa _kh y

lg nciuhns vkvkghlns krùhlnhtgs.

Gc ncta hkvgc tg`hacðikà lgsnrraccnla gh Ncgdn-

hkn pnrn gc trntndkghta lg cas rgskluas, bn pgr-

dktkla uok`nr gstg tkpa lg khstncn`kahgs n dghar

lkstnh`kn lg îrgns uronhns y eughtgs lg niun

supgr`knc, yn qug sg bn lgsnrraccnla gxkightgs

skstgdns lg àhtgh`kðh bklrîuck`n y gxbnustkvas

àhtracgs gh cns gdkskahgs insgasns, cäquklns y

sðcklns qug gstns pralu`gh= cairnhla gstnr duy

par lgonja lg cas cädktgs pgrdkskocgs kdpugstas

par cn @aduhklnl Gurapgn gh tërdkhas lg Pgiu-

rklnl ndokghtnc.

6d ?76d 766d >666d

K h ` k h g r n l a r n l g

O ó r r k i

( @ W _ _ G H \ N )

`ghkzns y rg`bnzaslg pra`gsa

nkrg trntnlay vnpar

rg`bnzas

rgskluas uronhas(`kulnl)

dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas(`kulnl)

niuns lg pra`gsa

V c n h t n

l g

` c n s k e ` n

` k ð h

l g r g s k l u a s u r o n

h a s

( N U G N )

<

0 <

>;0 >;<

Eki.>0< Ukstn lg cas rgn`targs lg trntndkghta lg niuns rgskluncgs.



Eki.>07 Ukstn nërgn lgc _gccgha Pnhktnrka, gc kh`khgrnlar y cnpcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg niuns rgskluncgs.

Eki.>05 Ukstn nërgn lg cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg niunsrgskluncgs.

Eki.>09 Ukstn pgntahnc lgc kh`khgrnlar lg rgskluas.Eatairneän lgc nutar. ?669.

Eki.>02 Ukstn ha`turhn lgc kh`khgrnlar lg Oórrki.

Eki.>0; Ukstn ha`turhn lgc kh`khgrnlar lgslg gc rgccgha snhktnrka

Eki.><6 Ukstn lg cns trkturnlarns lg onsurn lgc `ghtra lg`cnsk`n`kðh lg rgskluas uronhas lg NUGN Idob. Eatairneän lg nutar. ?669.

Eki.><> Ukstn lg `ahtghglargs lg `cnsk`n`kðh lgc `ghtra lg `cnsk`n`kðh lg rgskluas uronhas lg NUGN Idob. Eatairneän `artgsän lg Pkhgd Grlađlu . ?669.

>0<

>05 >09 >02 >0; ><6 ><>

>07

>;7 >;5

?66> ?66? VWH\ UG_L VCNH\N LG IGP\KÐH LG _GPKLWAP DG_@NON_HN

?660 ?662DNP\G_VCNH VN_N GC NH\KIWA UG_\GLG_A LG E_GPB



62WOK@N@KÐHON_@GCAHN, GPVNÞNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A YDN YKCC[ DÓCCG_N_@BK\G@\PQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@CKGH\G DG_@NON_HN(Dgr`nla @ghtrnc lg Nonstas lg Onr`gcahn)QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQÎ_GN5597 d?

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@AP\A ₣ > 966 666 GW_APQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQEA\AI_NEÄNYKCC[ DÓCCG_ & Arkac _kintQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

Gstn pcnhtn lg igstkðh lg rgskluas pnrn gc Dgr-

`nla @ghtrnc lg Nonstas lg Onr`gcahn, gs uhn

npugstn pkahgrn par trntnr lg rgspahlgr n cns

hg`gsklnlgs lg cas adgr`knhtgs y adprnlargs

lg Dgr`nonrhn. @ah uh ah`gpta úhkà n hkvgc

duhlknc, ha sðca npuhtn n cn `ncklnl tatnc skha

tndokëh nc adpradksa ah cn pratg``kðh lgc

dglka ndokghtg.

Cn ahstru``kðh pasgg las îrgns okgh lghklns:

uhn pnrn cas adgr`knhtgs dnyarkstns y cn atrn

pnrn cas dkharkstns. Ndoas puglgh lgpasktnr

lg dnhgrn sgpnrnln cas rgskluas ariîhkàs g

khariîhkàs y, irn`kns n uhns khtns lg trnhs-

partg, ëstas sah ccgvnlas bnstn uhn nokhn lgsgcg``kðh lahlg sah sgpnrnlas par `ntgiaräns.

@ah rgspg`ta n cn gstru`turn nrquktg`tðhk`n,

gstn tkghg lgslg nrrkon cn eardn lg uhn C qug

pnrg`g skducnr gc ndkha qug cas dntgrkncgs

trnhsktnh. @adpugsta gh gc gxtgrkar par pcnh`bns

dgtîck`ns y gh gc khtgrkar par pcnh`bns lg pcnlur

y pack`nroahnta gh gc khtgrkar, cn ahstru``kðh bn

skla klgnln lg dala qug en`kcktg n cas usunrkas gc

rgàha`kdkghta lg cn zahn n cn qug lgogh n`gr-

`nrsg. Nsä, cn gstru`turn ghtrnc, ah vacnlkzas lg

5 y < dgtras, norkin gspn`kas okgh lkstrkouklas

y nkrgnlas lahlg cas acargs (vgrlg, pcntn y

ocnhà) lnh uhn acasnc okghvghkln nc vksktnhtg y

pnrg`gh rghlkrcg trkouta n cn hnturncgzn.

Lg ha`bg y n ca cgjas, gstn pcnhtn ntrng dîs núh

cn ntgh`kðh. Vnrg`g uhn gstn`kðh okgh kcudkhnln

y gstëtk`n prgpnrnln pnrn tala, pnrn dnr`nr uh

bkta lghtra lg cn khlustrkn lg pcnhtns lg rg`k`cnjg.

Ha sðca pgrdktg nbarrnr tkgdpa n cn barn lgc

rgàja y sgcg``kðh lg cas rgskluas, gc dksda qug

yn lg par sä bn nudghtnla, skha qug tndokëhnpuhtn n uh dgjar hkvgc, aerg`gr uh dgjar sgrvk`ka

àh cn ncklnl y rgspahsnokcklnl qug sg rgqukgrg.

?66> - ?66? VWH\ UG_L, VCNH\N LG IGP\KÐH LG _GPKLWAP - DG_@NON_HN

Eki.><? Gcgvn`kðh erahtnc y pcnhtn ighgrnc lgc

prayg`ta. Gs`ncns irî`ns.

Eki.><0 Kcudkhn`kðh ha`turhn vkstn lgslg cn

rndpn pastgrkar.

Eki.><< Ukstn nc ntnrlg`gr.

6;WOK@N@KÐHP\N\GH KPCNHL,HWGUN [A_M - WHK\GL P\N\GPQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQN_^WK\G@\A EKGCL AVG_N\KAHP - Cnhls`npkhi

PAD - PMKLDA_G, AYKHIP & DG__KCCQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQV_GDKAV_KDG_ V_GDKA @AH@W_PA UG_\GLG_AE_GPB MKCCP ?66>QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQÎ_GN2;6 666 d?

QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQEA\AI_NEÄNPEKGCL AVG_N\KAHP - Cnhls`npkhi

?660 - ?662DNP\G_VCNH VN_N GC NH\KIWA UG_\GLG_A LG E_GPBMKCCP (Ckegs`npgs)

Eki.><7 dnstgrpcnh pnrn cn rgighgrn`kðh lgc

vgrtglgra Ergsb Mkccs. ?66>.

dnrgn nctn

oasqugs búdglas

oasqug pnhtnhasa

prnlgrn sg`n

prnlgrn sgdkbúdgln

prnla ncta

ës y bkron

àh`ghtrn`kðh lg prairndn

nroacgln

oasqug lg sk`ndaras

nroacnla prapugsta

nroacnla gxkstghtg

khtgr`ndoka prapugsta

khtgr`ndoka gxkstghtg

hugvn vän gh pnrqug

hugvn vän gh pnrqug nctgrhntkvn N

vän sgùhlnrkn gh pnrqug

`ndkha rg`rgn`kahnc prkdnrka

ndkhas y shras suhnrkas

kcudkhnkðh y nhtnccns xbkokkðh

pnhtnha onja gh ahtghkla lg snc

pnhtnha ncta gh ahtghkla lg snc

`äghnin pcnhn

dnrgn onjn

hugvn vän gh pnrqug nctgrhntkvn O

>;9 >;2

GC UG_\GLG_A E_GPB MKCCP



GC UG_\GLG_A E_GPB MKCCP

Pg ca`nckzn gh cn arkccn agstg lg Ptntgh Kscnhl,

uha lg cas khà duhk`kpkas lg cn `kulnl lg

Hugvn [arm. Gh >;;> gstg grn gc úhkà vgrtglgra

n`tkva lg Hugvn [arm qug rg`koän onsurn rgsk-

lgh`knc.

Gc ?? lg dnrza lgc ?66>, grrð lghktkvndghtg.

Lgspuës lgc ntnqug nc Yarcl \rnlg @ghtgr lgc

>> lg sgtkgdorg lgc ?66>, y lurnhtg cas >6

dgsgs lg gseugrzas lg rgs`ntg, cas trnonjnlargs

ghvknrah uklnlasndghtg >.? dkccahgs lg tahg-

cnlns lg dntgrknc lgc Y\@ n Ergsb Mkccs. Gc cuinr

eug uklnlasndghtg uokgrta lg tgkgrrn ckdpknpnrn pratgigrca y ahtracnr su graskðh.

Vnrn palgr npravg`bnr gc patgh`knc lg usa lg

gstg cuinr úhkà, cn @kulnl lg Hugvn [arm ah-

va`ð uh ahùrsa khtgrhn`kahnc pnrn gc pastgrkar

lgsnrracca lg uh pcnh ighgrnc pnrn Ergsb Mkccs,

qug rgspahlkgrn n cn bkstarkn hnturnc lgc cuinr.

Pu ahstrukðh adhzð h c nþa ?662.

CKEGP@NVG ( VNKPNJGP UKUAP)

@ah sgks dahtnþns nrtk`kncgs gdgrikghla lg

cns snckhns niuns krùhlntgs, gc tgrrgha inhnla

lg Ergsb Mkccs gs uha lg cas pnksnjgs ah dnyar

irnla lg khighkgrän lgc duhla.

Gc vnsta sacnr lg ; Md?. aerg`g cn apartuhklnl

lg lgsnrraccnr uhn hugvn eardn lg pnksnjg pú-

ockà gàcðikà, rgpcgta lg kheardn`kðh okacðik`n

y iuknla gh gc tkgdpa. cn hnturncgzn gh gsg

pnrqug ha sgrî cn kdnigh qug ahtgdpcndas,

cgjnhn, skha gc ndpa qug bnoktndas y lgc qugsadas pnrtg, uh pnksnjg vktnc y n`tkva, uhn dntrkz

`ndoknhtg.

Gc ckegs`npg tndokëh lgsgh`nlghn pra`gsas

lg nlnptn`kðh y acahkzn`kðh sa`knc, ucturnc y

tg`hacðik`n. Gc pcnh ighgrnc sg ghrkqug`g ah

cn gs`ncn y nrî`tgr gspn`knc lgc cuinr rgnhla

sktun`kahgs gxtrnarlkhnrkns pnrn uhn vnrkglnl lg

usas úhkàs gh H[:

- @ndpkhi y vkln rurnc

- Ok`k`cgtn lg dahtnþn

- Lgpartgs nc nkrg ckorg

- Pghlgrksda

- N`tun`kahgs y gxbkok`kahgs nc nkrg ckorg

- Nprghlkznjg y n`tas ävkàs

- Wsa lg ghgriän sacnr, gðck`n y lg okaiîs

Cas gvghtas, dntgrkncgs y rgspugstns nc cuinr,

rgàha`gh gc pnsnla lg Ergsb Mkccs ada

nsghtndkghta khlustrknc, y n cn vgz qug sgþncn cn

khtgirn`kðh euturn lg cn hnturncgzn, ucturn y tg`-

hacaiän gh gstn hugvn cnsg lg gspn`ka púockà.

V_KH@KVKA LG DN\G_KNCKLNL

Irnh pnrtg lg cns gstrntgikns lg lksgþa uronha

pnrn cn nlnptn`kðh nc tgrrgha lg lgsbg`bas tkghg

su onsg gh cn dntgrkncklnl lgc cuinr. Gstg sg

àh`ghtrn gh cns npraxkdn`kahgs n dntgrkncgs

qug tkghgh qug vgr ah cn tkgrrn: tgrrghas ada

dglka lg uctkva y davkdkghta lg tkgrrns ada

dala lg rgnr pnksnjgs.

Cas tgrrghas lg rgccgha sah tndokëh n`tas lg kh-

ighkgrän budnhn. Gc gqukpa tnh pgsnla utkckznla

DNHBN\\NH KPCNHLHWGUN [A_M

Ergsb Mkccs,Ptntgh Kscnhl

><5

><9 ><2

gh gc sacnr, y cn gxpgrkgh`kn lg cns nutarklnlgs

snhktnrkns ca`ncgs ah cns të`hk`ns lg davkdkghta

lg tkgrrns, sah rgùrsas kdpartnhtgs qug puglgh

sgr usnlas pnrn enork`nr gc gspn`ka.

\_NHPEA_DN@KÐH LGC PWGCA

Pg bn prapugsta cn skgdorn kh sktu lg ernhjns

vgrlgs ada gstrntgikn lg rghavn`kðh lgc tgrrg-

ha y lg pralu`kr hugvns tkgrrns eërtkcgs. Pupahg

cn skgdorn lg trgs ernhjns nc nþa, pnrn cugia sgr

rnstrkccnlns ah gc tgrrgha pnrn ahvgrtkrca ghtkgrrn eërtkc.

Nlgdîs lg sus geg`tas pralu tkvas, cns unckln-

lgs lkstkhtkvns vksuncgs y gspn`kncgs lg gstn ernh-

jns sgdornlns sah uhn gdocgdîtk`n gxpgrkgh`kn

lg rgeardn dglkandokghtnc n irnh gs`ncn.

@_GNHLA [ VCNH\NHLA BÎOK\N\P

Whn vgz qug gc sugca bn dgjarnla puglg adgh-

znrsg cn prapnin`kðh lg pcnhtns. N gstn gs`ncn

sg ahstrukrîh pnksnjgs lurnlgras ah pcnhtns

pra`glghtgs lgc sktka dksda. Cns gspg`kgs hn-

tkvns sg nlnptnrîh nc ckdn lg cn kscn pra ca qug

rgqugrkrîh dghas ahtkhuklnl gh su dnhtghk-

dkghta uhn vgz gstnocg`klns.

Gstg tkpa lg àduhklnlgs hntkvns prapar`kahnh

bîoktnts n dk`raarinhksdas y gspg`kgs sncvnjgs

qug nccä rgsklgh y ah cas qug bnorîh lg a-

lgsnrraccnrsg.

Lg tnc eardn sg bn àh`ghtrnla uh lghsa oas-qug gh uh pgrädgtra irugsa, lg ?<6 d. ncrglglar

lgc oarlg lg Vnrmcnhl. gstg pgrädgtra prgsgrvn

cn npgrturn lg su khtgrkar y aerg`g uh arrglar

àhtkhua gàcðikà n cas nhkdncgs.

CAP GLKEK@KAP - VNKPNJG

Gc lksgþa lg îrgns lg prairndn gh Ergsb Mkccs

àdkghzn ah cn rgn`kðh lg ntdðsegrns pnk-

snjästk`ns. Gsta kh`cuyg pnksnjgs útkcgs ah oughn

khighkgrän= ndokghtgs tasàs y sncvnjgs hnln

àduhgs gh cn kulnl y ndokghtgs surrgncgs

`rgnlas ah uhn skdpcg dnhkpucn`kðh lgc gspn-

`ka, vgintn`kðh, niun y cuz.

Lahlg sgn paskocg gc hkvgcnla y cn dnhkpucn`kðh

lgc pcnha sugca, sg usnrî pnrn `rgnr rg`khtas

ca`ncgs qug ncogrinh n`tkvklnlgs lgc pnrqug.

Gc nonhkà lg dntgrkncgs rgn y àhstruyg, ah

uh cghiunjg eardnc y euh`kahnc, cns lkvkskahgs,

znhjns, `bnràs, invkahgs, lkqugs, tgxtkcgs

nhtkgraskðh y onrrgrns nùîtk`ns, nsä ada cnsapartuhklnlgs lg utkckznr dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas

gh cn àhstru``kðh dksdn.

Gc glk`ka - pnksnjg dîs lrndîtkà lksgþnla gs gc

dahudghta lg tkgrrn nc >> lg sgtkgdorg nc hartg

lgc Ergsb Mkccs. Cns las eardn`kahgs lksgþnlns

rgpralu`gh gxn`tndghtg gc nh`ba y ncta lg cns

tarrgs igdgcns. cn kh`ckhn`kðh lg cn sgiuhln sg

nckhgn ah gc cuinr lahlg sg ghàhtrnonh cns

tarrgs. Lgslg cn kdn lgc dahudghta cas vksktnh-

tgs tkghgh uhn vkstn lg 056 irnlas bn`kn Hugvn

[arm, gc pugrta, gc erghtg dnrätkda y cn gstntun lg

cn Ckogrtnl.

(pîikhn apugstn)

Eki.><5 Wok`n`kðh lgc Ugrtglgra Ergsb Mkccs.

Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.

Eki.><9 Dgr`nla ca`nc lghtra lg hugvapnrqug.

(pîikhn n`tunc)

Eki.><2 Nhtkiun dnqukhnrkn gh îrgn lg

gxbkok`kðh.

Eki.><; Hugvns îrgns lg rg`rgn`kðh juhta n

pnhtnhas.

Eki.>76 Dkrnlargs.

Eki.>7> Glk`ka-pnksnjg. Dahudghta n cns

\arrgs Igdgcns.

><;

>76

>7>

>;; ?66>;; ?66

Whn khvgstkin`kðh lg cn Nrgqukpn



– Pk ha puglalkoujnrca...

gs qug ha ca ghtkghla—

] Ncogrt Gkhstgkh T

Whn khvgstkin`kðh lg cnlkhîdk`n ahtgxtunc

lg cn sktun`kðh rgnc qug ntrnvkgsn cn ku-

lnl lg Nrgqukpn ah rgspg`ta n cn igs-

tkðh lg _W has bn lg pgrdktkr gcnoarnr

àhvghkghtgdghtg cns gstrntgikns uronha

nrquktg`tðhk`ns dîs nprapknlns y dghas

nroktrnrkns nc dadghta lg gherghtnr gc

lksgþa.

Whn npraxkdn`kðh kghtä`n n cns ah-

lk`kahgs qug n`tuncdghtg gherghtndas,

has pgrdktg gcnoarnr uh dugstrnrka lg

eartncgzns, apartuhklnlgs, lgokcklnlgs

y ndghnzns, dgjar aha`klns ada

EALN y qug bay gh län, onja gc gheaqug

skstëdkà y praspg`tkva sg bnh ndaclnla

gh gc gstulka lg ca qug ccndnrgdas n

pnrtkr lg nbarn cn Lkhîdk`n @ahtgxtunc

lgc Vrayg`ta.

Gc täpkà EALN, tkghlg n sgr uhn su`g-

skðh a hudgrn`kðh HA KH\G_N@\KUN

lg en`targs qug skrvgh ada cktgrnturny ha ada dglka g`nz pnrn gc lksgþa

uronha y nrquktg`tðhkà, lgdastrîhlasg

gh du`bas prayg`tas uhn sgrkn lgs-

vkhùcn`kðh ghtrg prapugstn y nhîcksks,

acvklîhlasg a pastgrinhla gc EALN n

uh sgiuhla pcnha.

Gh ahtrnpask`kðh, uhn khvgstkin`kðh

onsnln gh cns LKHÎDK@NP @AH\GR-

\WNCGP has pgrdktg gstnocg`gr uhn

sähtgsks lgc ahtgxta eäskà rgnc, n trnvës

lgc pra`gsndkghta lg lntas nvnhznhla

g khtgrn`tkva, dglknhtg bgrrndkghtns

kheairî`ns, lahlg sg bn`g prgsghtn

cn ahstnhtg khtgrn``kðh ghtrg lkstkhtasen`targs.

Gc prgsghtg npktuca nhnckzn y gxpahg cns

àhlk`kahgs rgncgs lg cn lkhîdk`n gxtgr-

hn lgc prayg`ta lgtgrdkhnlas par en`ta-

rgs lg cns eughtgs ighgrnlarns lg _W= gh

gstg nsa, cn kulnl lg Nrgqukpn= y n su

vgz cn lkhîdk`n khtgrhn gstnocg`kln par

cas cädktgs lgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh.

Nrgqukpndgtrapacktnhn...

... sg uok`n gh cn rgikðh sur a``klghtnc

lgc Vgrú...

... n >5º ?<¼>9— Cntktul Pur y 9>º 0?¼6;—

Cahiktul Agstg...

... n uhn nctktul pradglka g ?<66d.s.h.d...

... aùpnhla uh îrgn npraxkdnln lg

>6 <06,>? Md?...

... gxtghlkln saorg uhn baynln, ruznln

par gc räa @bkck...

... y uyas lkstrktas uronhas adprghlgh

`gr`n lg 0 079,?< Md?...

... cn trndn y ahiurn`kðh uronhn lg cn

`kulnl gs nctndghtg lkvgrsn y lgsar-

lghnln...

... prgsghtnhla uhn kherngstru`turn vknc

nhtkiun, khsu`kghtg y lg`kghtg...

ûgornln bahln...

... sg uok`n gh cn gsqukhn ha haragstg lg

cn kulnl lg Nrgqukpn...

... n uhn ncturn pradglka lg ?266

d.s.h.d. aùpnhla uh îrgn npraxkdn-

ln lg <66 Bn...

... oarlgnla par cn hn`kghtg lg cn ugornln Oughn Ukstn y par uh trnda lg

cn ugornln Bahln, y krùhlnln par

gcgvn`kahgs pgrtghg`kghtgs nc @grra

@artnlgrns, pravghkghtgs lgc Hgvnla

@bn`bnhk...

... dgsgtn qug bkstðrk`ndghtg bn skla

lgstkhnln nc vgrtkla lg cas rgskluas lg

cn kulnl par dîs lg ?7 nþas...

lkhîdk ntgrrktarknc UK K

?6> ?6??6> ?6?

>. Ighgrn`kðh lg rgskluas & àogrturn lg sgrvk`kaLkhîdk n gxtgrhn Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn Eki.>7? Khearirneän. Ighgrn`kðh lg rgskluas y àogrturn lg sgrvk`ka gh Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn. Gcnoarn`kðh

Vrapkn. ?6>6. Eughtg: KHGK, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< & Gstulka pnrn cn àhstru``kðh g kdpcgdghtn`kðh lgc_gccgha Pnhktnrka pnrn Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn - Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hkà ?662.



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?. Lkstnh`kns lg trnhspartg & `npn`klnlgs apgrntkvns lg igstkðh

b n o .

r s a h n c

g ` a c g ` ` k ð h

r n h s p a r t g

l k s t r k t a l g :

k l n l g s



`gr`nla

pnu`nrpntn

ynhnbunrn

ncta sgcvn ncgirg

`nydn

trnhspartg lg irnh `npn`klnl

trnhspartg lg dglknhn &onjn `npn`klnl

yurn

`grraàcarnla

euturn pcnhtn lgtrnhsegrgh`kn ]V\rT

Wok n`kðh lgcprayg`ta ]VrT

u`budnyasn`bn`n

tknonyn buhtgr snonhlänsa`nonyn

j.c.o.& r.

`bnrn`nta

dnrknha dgcinr

Eki.>70 Khearirneän. Lkstnh`kns lg trnhspartg lg rgskluas bn`kn gc îrgn pr apugstn pnrn gc prayg`ta & nhîcksks lg cns npn`klnlgs apgr ntkvns lgigstkðh gh Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn. Gcno arn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6. Eughtg: KHGK, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< & Gstulka pnrn cn àhstru``kðhg kdpcgdghtn`kðh lgc _gccgha Pnhktnrka pnrn Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn - Duhk`kpnck lnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hkà ?662.

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0. Gvncun`kðh & n`tunc lkspask`kðh ehnc lg cas _W gh Nrgqukpn (Nhîcksks lg cas oatnlgras lg cn kulnl)

i n r @

n y d n

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d p n

P g ` t a r 0



\atnc: >76,? Bn. Nrgqukpndgtrapacktnhn

Cn Vravkh`kn lg Nrgqukpn n cn eg`bn ha

ùghtn ah cn kherngstru`turn lg uh rgccg-

ha snhktnrka lgoklndghtg ahtracnla.

N`tuncdghtg, cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas

rgskluas sðcklas sg bn`g gh –oatnlgras—

gh nciuhas nsas n kgca nokgrta y gh

atras nsas sg vkghg rgnckznhla uhn khlg-

okln ùork`kðh lg rgskluas àh saca dn-

tgrknc tërrga, lahlg ha sg bnh tadnla gh

ùghtn rktgrkas ndokghtncgs ghea`nlas nc

`kgrrg lg gstîs khstncn`kahgs n eutura.

Cas oatnlgras sg ghùghtrnh uok`nlas

saorg tgrrghas grknzas gh cn pgrkegrknlg cn kulnl, lahlg sg lgpasktnh cas

rgskluas skh hkhiúh tkpa lg nàhlk`kahn-

dkghta të`hkà qug gvktg cn àhtndkhn-

`kðh lgc sugca, nkrg y cns niuns suotgrrî-

hgns, aovkndghtg du`bas lg gccas ha

tkghgh nutarkzn`kðh snhktnrkn, par ca tnhta

ha sg tkghg uh rgikstra lg cns nhtklnlgs

lg __ qug sg lgpasktnh.

Pah >6 oatnlgras qug skrvgh ada lgs-

tkha hnc lg cas rgskluas pralu`klas gh

Nrgqukpn dgtrapacktnhn.

Gc prkh`kpnc oatnlgra n kgca nokgrta

gxkstghtg gh cn kulnl gs gc lg

–Cn Vns`nhn— qug bn skla utkckznla par

dns lg ?6 nþas= lahlg n`tuncdghtg yn

ha sg rgnckznh n`tkvklnlgs kcgincgs lg

rg`k`cnjg.

Gh gc nþa ?66; Cn Duhk`kpncklnl

Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn khk`kn gc trnscnla

lg rgskluas n ugornln Bahln. Gh gstg

cuinr sg lkspahgh cas _W qug vkghgh

skghla uokgrtas ah dntgrknc tërrga skh prgvgr cns dglklns të`hkà-ndokghtncgs

hg`gsnrkns n ahsklgrnr n cnria pcnza

uhn vgz qug bnyn gsnla su euh`kahn-

dkghta. Nsä dksda gc nhtkiua oatnlra

lg Cn Vns`nhn, ncglnþa n gstg –Oatnlgra

@ahtracnla—, núh ha bn skla cnusurnla

y rgprgsghtn uh rkgsia n cn sncul lg cas

trnonjnlargs y paocn`kahgs ncglnþns.

6 >

6 ;

6 2

6 7

O a t n l g r a C n V n s ` n h n

O a t n l g r a V n d p n

C n G s t r g c c n

- P g ` t a r >

O a t n l g r a G c @ g o a c c n r

O a t n l g r a l g D k r n a r g s

Eki.>7< Ca`nckzn`kðh, gvacu`kðh par nhtkióg-lnl y àdpnrntkva lg tndnþa lg casOatnlgras gh Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktn-hn. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn. ?6>6.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®,VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpnck-lnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulkatë`hkà ?662.

Gc Oatnlgra _khàhnln - @bnrn`nta,ha bn skla ahsklgrnla gh gc prgsghtggstulka lgokla n su rglu`kla vacudghy îrgn lg aùpn`kðh= y ùyn lntn hags lg vncar trns`ghlghtnc.

0 0 , >

B n .

? 9 , <

B n .

? > , 0

B n .

> 9 , 2

B n .

nhtkióglnl lg cas rgskluas

gs`ncn irî`n

sudntarkn tatnc - îrgn ùokgrtn par oatnlgras

pnsnla ------------------------8 prgsghtg

6 6 6 d .

7 6 6 d .

> 6 6 6 d .

*

6 5

6 0

6 <

> 6

> >

6 9 6 ?

O a t n l g r a l g

D n r k n h a D g c i

O a t n l g r a N c t a

O a t n l g r a l g

N c t a P g c v n N c g

O a t n l g r a V n d

C n G s t r g c c n

- P

O a t n l g r a V n d

C n G s t r g c c n

- P

O a t n l g r a Z a r r a H g i r a

N h g x a - O a t n l g r a

C n

V n s ` n h n

> ? , ?

B n .

2 , 5

B n .

2 , <

B n .

5 , 0

B n .

< , ;

B n .

? , <

B n .

9 , 2

B n .

6>

6? 60

6<

67

65

69

62

>6>>

6;

* Oatnlgra _khàhnln@BN_N@N\A

?69 ?62?69 ?62

6>Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhnWOK@N@KÐH d

.d

.d

.d

.



6> WOK@N@KÐH

MD. 9 _WDOA N [W_NQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

\ALA N_G^WKVN DG\_AVACK\NHNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: >,56 MD.

GP\NLA & @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP

- Nhtkióglnl dnyar n ?6 nþas.- A`upn`kðh rgsklgh`knc kcginc par pnrtg lg

rg`k`cnlargs kcgincgs (endkckns). - Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.

8 ?660 - Pgtkgdorg ?9

nygr

0>,< Bn.

Cn Vns`nhn

Nhgxa - Cn Vns`nhn

sgpnrn`kðh>,26 Md.


n uh rnlka lg: >,56 MD.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA



Ugstkikas lg n`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg kcginc,qugdn lg onsurn y `rknhzn lg nhkdncgs khsktu. Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- Nsghtndkghta nvnhznla lg _W.- Ekh lg n`tkvklnlgs kcgincgs.- _W ahsudklas tatncdghtg.- _W pgrdnhg`gh n `kgca nokgrta.

8 ?662 - Juhka ?5 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6 d

> 6 6 d

? 7 6 d

7 6 6 d

bay dnþnhn

1

0>,2 Bn. 00,> Bn.

Eki.>77 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra –Cn Vns`nhn—.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg

Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hk`a ?662.

?6; ?>6?6; ?>6

6?Nhgxa - Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhnWOK@N@KÐH d

.d

.d

.d

.



6? WOK@N@KÐH

MD. 9 _WDOA N [W_N - NC PW_ LGCOA\NLG_A CN VNP@NHNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

\ALA N_G^WKVN DG\_AVACK\NHNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ


n uh rnlka lg: ?,76 MD.


- Vrkdgras lgpðsktas lg _W- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


nygr

;,0 Bn.

Cn Vns`nhn

Nhgxa - Cn Vns`nhn

sgpnrn`kðh>,26 Md.


n uh rnlka lg: ?,76 MD.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: ?,76 MD.


- Nudghta vgrtkikhasa lg _W.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- Nudghta dnhtghkla lg _W `nusnla parcn prabkok`kðh lg vgrtkla gh Oatnlgra CnVns`nhn y Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn.

- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.

8 ?662 - Juhka ?5 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6 d

> 6 6 d

? 7 6 d

7 6 6 d

bay dnþnhn

1

?5,5 Bn. ?9,< Bn.

Eki.>75 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Hugva Oatnlgra nc sur lg –Cn Vns`nhn—.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg


?>> ?>??>> ?>?

60Oatnlgra Ncta @nydnWOK@N@KÐH d

.d

.d

.d

.

Ek >79 ð ä @



60 WOK@N@KÐH

@ACKHLNH\G NC NPGH\NDKGH\ABWDNHA PAC LG CAP NHLGP - @N[DNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

@N[DNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ


n uh rnlka lg: <66 D.


- Vrkdgras lgpðsktas lg _W- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.

8 ?66< - Lk`kgdorg ?2

nygr

7,< Bn.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 066 D.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: ?66 D.


- Nudghta lg vgrtkla lg _W.- Vgckirasn gr`nhän lg @ghtra Vaocnla.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- @uork`kðh khnlg`unln lg _W nhtkiuas ahdntgrknc tërrga.

8 ?662 - H av kgdor g 69 8 ?66; - J uc ka >7

6 6 6 d

> 6 6 d

? 7 6 d

7 6 6 d

bay dnþnhn

1

5,? Bn. 5,0 Bn.

Eki.>79 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra lg Ncta @nydn.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnlVravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hk`a ?662.

?>0 ?><?>0 ?><

6<Oatnlgra Ncta Pgcvn NcgirgWOK@N@KÐH d

.d

.d

.d

.

Eki >72 G c kð t ä tk l c O t l l Nct P c Nc



6< WOK@N@KÐH

VN_\G NC\N LGC LKP\_K\AQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

NC\A PGCUN NCGI_GQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ





- Vrkdgras davkdkghtas lg tkgrrn.GP\NLA & @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP

- Vrgpnrn`kðh lg tgrrgha pnrn vgrtklas.- Npcnhndkghta lg îrgn lg vgrtkla.

8 ?66? - Juhka 62 8 ?669 - Juhka >;

nygr

6,0 Bn. 6,2 Bn.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,56 MD.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,76 MD.


- Vrgsgh`kn ahsklgrnocg lg _W.- Nudghta lgc îrgn aùpnln par gc oatnlgra- Vrgpnrn`kðh lg hugvns îrgns lg vgrtkla.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- @uork`kðh khnlgùnln lg _W nhtkiuas ahdntgrknc tërrga.

- Hugvas vgrtklas lg _W bn`kn gc hartg.

8 ?662 - Egorgra >5 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6 d

> 6 6 d

? 7 6 d

7 6 6 d

bay dnþnhn

1

?,2 Bn. <,; Bn.

Eki.>72 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra lg Ncta Pgcvn Ncgirg.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnlVravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hkà ?662.

?>7 ?>5?>7 ?>5

67Oatnlgra lg DkrnargsWOK@N@KÐH d

.d

.d

.d

.

Eki >7; Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra lg Dkrnargs



67 WOK@N@KÐH

VN_\G NC\N LGC LKP\_K\A, @ACKHLNH-\G N LKP\_K\A LG NC\A PGCUN NCGI_GQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

DK_NECA_GP & A\_APQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ



n uh rnlka lg: 066 D.


- @nhtklnl ahsklgrnocg lg _W vgrtklas n`kgca nokgrta.

- N`tkvklnl rg`k`cnlarn kcginc kh sktu.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- Npnrk`kðh lg nsghtndkghtas budnhas`gr`nhas lglk`nlas nc rg`k`cnjg kheardnc.

- @ahsklgrnocg nudghta lg cn nhtklnl yergùgh`kn lg vgrtkla.


8 ?66? - Juhka 62 8 ?665 - Havkgdorg >7

nygr

7,; Bn. >0,5 Bn.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: >66 D.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA



- Nsghtndkghtas budnhas gstnocg`klaslghtra lgc pgrädgtra gxtgrha lgc oatnlgra.

- Nudghta lgc îrgn aùpnln par gc oatnlgrabn`kn gc har-gstg.



- @uork`kðh khnlgùnln lg _W nhtkiuasàh dntgrknc tërrga.

- Vrgpnrn`kðh lg hugvns supgr`kgs lgvgrtkla.

8 ?662 - Havkgdorg 69 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6 d

> 6 6 d

? 7 6 d

7 6 6 d

bay dnþnhn

1

>7,9 Bn. >9,2 Bn.

Eki.>7; Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra lg Dkrnargs. Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg


?>9 ?>2?>9 ?>2

65Oatnlgra lg Dnrknha DgcinrWOK@N@KÐH d

.d

.d

.d

.

Eki >56 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra Dnrknha Dgcinr



65 VN_\G NC\N LGC LKP\_K\A,VWGOCA JAUGH JG_WPNCËHQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

DN_KNHA DGCIN_QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ





- @nhtklnl ahsklgrnocg lg _W vgrtklas n`kgca nokgrta.

- Oatnlgra lksgdkhnla gh ? îrgns gr`nhns.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- Npnrk`kðh lg n`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjgkheardnc y qugdn lg _W kh sktu.


8 ?66? - Juhka 62 8 ?66< - Lk`kgdorg ?2

nygr

5,< Bn. 9,7 Bn.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,66 D. - KHPK\WLKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,66 D. - KHPK\W


- Nsghtndkghtas budnhas gstnocg`klassaorg pnrtg lgc oatnlgra haragstg.

- @ahtkhúnh n`tkvklnlgs lg vgrtkla ghoatnlgra surgstg.



- @ahsackln`kðh lg nsghtndkghtas budnhaskh sktu gh oatnlgra haragstg (gh lgsusa).

- Nudghta lg vgrtklas gh oatnlgra surgstg.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.

8 ?669 - Juhka >; 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6

> 6 6

? 7 6

7 6 6

bay dnþnhn

1

2,6 Bn. 2,< Bn.

Eki.>56 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra Dnrknha Dgcinr.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnlVravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hk`a ?662.

?>; ??6?>; ??6

69Oatnlgra Zarra HgiraWOK@N@KÐH d

. d .

d .

d .

Eki.>5> Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra Zarra hgira lg J C O y _



69 @G_@NHA NC VWGOCA JAUGH DKIWGCI_NW - LKP\_K\A LG VNW@N_VN\NQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

J. C. OWP\NDNH\G y _KUG_AQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ


n uh rnlka lg: >,?7 MD.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: >,?7 MD.


- Vrkdgras vgrtkla gh sg`tar hargstg.- Vrgpnrn`kðh lg hugvns supgr`kgs lgvgrtkla bn`kn gc sg`tar suragstg.



- @ahstru``kðh lg nsgtn lg àhtrac.- @ahsklgrnocg nudghta lg cn nhtklnl yergùgh`kn lg vgrtkla.


8 ?66? - Juhka 62 8 ?665 - Norkc 67

nygr

?,; Bn. ;,> Bn.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,;6 MD.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,26 MD.


- Ndpckn`kðh lg cn nsgtn lg àhtrac.- Vrkdgras vgstkikas lg nsghtndkghta lg cn

onsurn (àhsackln`kðh y axkln`kðh). - Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.


- @uork`kðh khnlgùnln lg _W nhtkiuas ahdntgrknc tërrga gh kgrtas sg`targs

- Lgsarinhkzn`kðh gh gc vgrtkla, rg`kdkghtaha ahtracnla.

- Nuh pgrskstg gc vgrtkla n kgca nokgrta.

8 ?662 - Egorgra >5 8 ?66; - Niasta >9

6 6 6

> 6 6

? 7 6

7 6 6

bay dnþnhn

1

>6,0 Bn. >?,? Bn.

Eki.>5> Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra Zarra hgira lg J.C.O y _.Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnlVravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hkà ?662.

??> ?????> ???

62Oatnlgra Gc goaccnrWOK@N@KÐH

6 d .

6 d .

6 d .

6 d .

Eki.>5? Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra Gc @goaccnr lg Vnu`nrpntn.



62 PG@\A_ LG NC\A JGPWPLKP\_K\A LG VNW@N_VN\NQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

VNW@N_VN\N, PNONHLÄN y A\_APQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ


n uh rnlka lg: 6,66 MD. - KHPK\WLKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA

n uh rnlka lg: 6,66 MD. - KHPK\W


- Nsghtndkghtas budnhas gstnocg`klassaorg gc oatnlgra lahlg sg rgnckznhn`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg kheardnc, qugdnlg onsurn (vgr eudnracns) & rknhzn lgnhkdncgs.



- _g`k`cnjg kheardnc gstnocg`kla gh casprglkas lg cas nsghtndkghtas budnhasgstnocg`klas saorg gc oatnlgra.

- Gstnla lg gdgrigh`kn par prgsgh`kn lgvg`targs, khsncuorklnl g khsgiurklnl.


8 ?66< - Lk`kgdorg ?2 8 ?665 - Havkgdorg >7

nygr

>2,> Bn. >2,5 Bn.LKP\NH@KN N @GH\_A VAOCNLA




- Ncnrdnhtgs àhlk`kahgs sa`kncgs,ndokghtncgs y lgsàhtrac par pnrtg lgnutarklnlgs.

- @ahsackln`kðh tatnc lg nsghtndkghtabudnhas.

- @uork`kðh y ahsuda n`gcgrnla lg _W.


- @ahsuda tatnc lg nhtkiuas _W(dnh`bns asùrns).

- _gnpnrk`kðh lg hugvns îrgns lg vgrtklanhgxns y saorg gc nhtkiua oatnlgra.


8 ?662 - Havkgdorg 69 8 ?66; - Niasta >9

6 6 6

> 6 6

? 7 6

7 6 6

bay dnþnhn

1

?6,9 Bn. ?>,0 Bn.

i y pEughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg


??0 ??<??0 ??<

6;Oatnlgra Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn - Pg`tar >WOK@N@KÐH

6 d .

6 d .

6 d .

6 d .

Eki.>50 Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra lg Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn - Pg`tar >.



6; @ACKHLNH\G N GC @W_NCLKP\_K\A LG @G__A @ACA_NLAQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA

N_G^WKVN DG\_AVACK\NHNQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ




- Vrg-gxkstgh`kn ahsklgrnocg lg _W.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.- Ukvkghlns, _g`k`cnjg y rknhzn kheardnc

lg nhkdncgs kh sktu.


nygr

;,0 Bn.

Pg`tar >

Pg`tar ?

Pg`tar 0





- Nudghta vgrtkikhasa lg vgrtklas lg _W.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.- Ukvkghlns, _g`k`cnjg y rknhzn kheardnc



- _glu``kðh lg vgrtkla.- Vrabkok`kðh lg vgrtkla par pnrtg lg DVN.- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.- Ukvkghlns, _g`k`cnjg y rknhzn kheardnc


8 ?662 - Juhka ?5 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6

> 6 6

? 7 6

7 6 6

bay dnþnhn

1

?5,5 Bn. ?9,< Bn.

i y pEughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnlVravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hk`a ?662.

??7 ??5??7 ??5

>6 OK@N@KÐH

N > ?6 MD NC PW_AGP\G LGC PG@\A_ >

Oatnlgra Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn - Pg`tar ?

>>OK@N@KÐH

6 96 MD NC GP\G LGC PG@\A_ >Eki.>5< Gvacu`kðh y `nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc Oatnlgra lg Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn - Pg`tar ? & 0.

Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7 > ® VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg

Oatnlgra Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn - Pg`tar 0



>6 N >,?6 MD. NC PW_AGP\G LGC PG@\A_ >QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA






- Nsghtndkghtas budnhas gstnocg`klassaorg gc oatnlgra lahlg sg rgnckznhn`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg kheardnc, qugdnlg onsurn & `rknhzn lg nhkdncgs.



- _g`k`cnjg kheardnc gstnocg`kla gh casprglkas lg cas nsghtndkghtas budnhasgstnocg`klas saorg gc oatnlgra.

- Gstnla lg gdgrigh`kn par prgsgh`kn lgvg`targs, khsncuorklnl g khsgiurklnl.


8 ?660 - Pgtkgdorg ?9 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

baynygr dnþnhn

1

9,5 Bn. 9,2 Bn.

>>6,96 MD. NC GP\G LGC PG@\A_ >QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQLKP\_K\AP LG PG_UK@KA






- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.- N`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg kheardnc, qugdnlg onsurn & rknhzn lg nhkdncgs.


- @ahsuda lg nhtkiuas _W(dnh`bns asùrns).

- Ugrtkla n kgca nokgrta.- Puspghskðh lg vgrtklas.

8 ?660 - Pgtkgdorg ?9 8 ?66; - Jucka >7

6 6 6 d .

6 6 6 d .

> 6 6 d .

> 6 6 d .

? 7 6 d .

? 7 6 d .

7 6 6 d .

7 6 6 d .

baynygr dnþnhn

1

>,2 Bn. ?,< Bn.

Eughtgs: IAAICG Gnr tb 7.> ®, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< - Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc lg Nrgqukpn, Gstulka të`hkà ?662.

??9 ??2??9 ??2

<. Gvncun`kðh sa`ka-gàhðdk`n & ùcturnc



Pah cas prkh`kpncgs en`targs lg

apask`kðh púock`n qug ahstktuygh

uh en`tar ckdktnhtg lg`kskva gh cn

en`tkokcklnl lg lgsnrracca lg prayg`tas

gh gc sg`tar lg snhgndkghta snhktnrka=

arkikhnla par cn lgskheardn`kðh y par

datkvas lg arrup`kðh eugrn y lghtra

lg cns ghtklnlgs iuogrhndghtncgs

(cu`bn lg palgrgs - rkgsia gh cn

eardnckzn`kðh lg sg`targs).

Gc tgdn lg snhgndkghta lg cas

oatnlgras kheardncgs skgdprg bn

skla eughtg lg ahtravgrskn sa`knc.

Gstn sktun`kðh sg lgog gherghtnr

àrrg`tndghtg dglknhtg uhn nlgùnln

n``kðh lg prada`kðh g kheardn`kðh

sa`knc, y n trnvës lg prairndns lg

cu`bn ahtrn cn arrup`kðh y cu`bn

lg palgrgs, qug bnh ahlk`kahnla cn

prackegrn`kðh lg cn kheardncklnl.

Gh cn dnyarän lg gstas oatnlgras

sg rgnckzn cn sgirgin`kðh lg

rgskluas uronhas kh sktu n nria lg

trnonjnlargs kheardncgs, ighgrîhlasgàh gstn n``kðh uh praocgdn sa`knc

gh nluctas, hkþas g kh`cusa endkckns

qug bnh lg`klkla vkvkr lghtra lg

gstns îrgns lg vgrtkla kheardnc. Nsä

dksda cas n`bkhgras a nàpknlargs

kheardncgs ùdpcgh uhn cnoar lg

àdprn y vghtn lg bntnrrn y rgskluas

dnyardghtg ladëstkàs y qug

àhstktuygh pnrtg lgc praocgdn juhta

àh cas rg`k`cnlargs kheardncgs.

Du`bas lg cas trnonjnlargs

kheardncgs nsghtnlas kh sktu a gh cns

khdglkn`kahgs, nsudgh uhn n`tktul

vkacghtn, lgeghlkghla gstg tkpa lg

n`tkvklnl par gc rkgsia n pgrlgr su

sustghta lknrka y par cn nrgh`kn lg

prairndns lg rgàhvgrskðh cnoarnckhtgirncgs y rgkhàrparn`kðh nlgùnln

nc duhla eardnc, qug orkhlgh npaya

uhn vgz qug gstas oatnlgras sgnh

`cnusurnlas.

Cn irnh dnyarän lg cn paocn`kðh

sg ghùghtrn uok`nln n lkstnh`kns

prulgh`kncgs lg cas oatnlgras

y lgsàha`gh lg cn sktun`kðh

ncnrdnhtg gh qug sg ghùghtrn gc

skstgdn lg igstkðh lg _W, nlgdîs

lg n`rg`ghtnrsg gc lgskhtgrës sa`knc

y pnrtk`kpntkva gh cns sacu`kahgs

qug pnrn gccas sah skdpcgdghtg lg

`nrî`tgr iuogrhndghtnc.

Lgslg gc nþa >;;2 gc @ahsgja

Hn`kahnc lgc Ndokghtg (@AHND)

pradugvg n hkvgc hn`kahnc cn

glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc n trnvës lgc

–Vrairndn _g`k`cn—= qug ahskstg gh

uhn rgl lg arinhkzn kahgs puock`ns y

prkvnlns, qug lgsnrraccnh cn

prapugstn lg Glu`n`kðh Ndokghtnc

gh cn aduhklnl glu`ntkvn, ous`nhla

ighgrnr npn`klnlgs, n`tktulgs,

vncargs y prî`tk`ns ndokghtncgs ah

vkskðh adpnrtkln y sacklnrklnl.

Gc prairndn sg lgsnrraccn gh ghtras

glu`ntkvas y Nrgqukpn ca ccgvn

àh du`ba ëxkta n trnvës lg las

àhtrnpnrtgs a khstktu`kahgs prkvnlnsy AHI¼s àda gc KKV [n`bny Ynsk

lgslg gc nþa >;;2,

Cn Nsa`kn`kðh @kvkc Cnoar y cn

Nsa`kn`kðh Vrayg``kðh lgslg gc nþa

?666. Gstas prairndns ahskstgh gh

arinhkznr, sghskokckznr y npn`ktnr n

àdktës ndokghtncgs gh cn prî`tk`n lg

cns 0_s (_glu`kr, _gusnr y rg`k`cnr).

Vgsg n gstns khk`kntkvns y du`bns atrns

dîs par pnrtg lgc sg`tar púockà y

prkvnla (g.i. Vnpgcgrn Vnhndgrk`nhn

rgnckzn gc nàpka lg pnpgc pnrn su

pastgrkar pra`gsnla) lahlg cns

`ndpnþns sg gstîh ghea`nhla ghcn glu`n`kðh y sghskokckzn`kðh

ndokghtnc, gs yn tkgdpa lg ighgrnr

prayg`tas eäskàs g kherngstru`turns

qug nyulgh n pcnsdnr gstas aojgtkvas

dîs nccî lg cn tgarän y skrvnh lg

rgegrghtg eäskà gh cn aduhklnl,

khàrparîhlacn gh sus n`tkvklnlgs.

Cn kheardncklnl, gc lgskhtgrës sa`knc y cn arrup`kðh

sg tar iuogrhndghtnc

sg tar prkvnla y ha iuogrhndghtnc

paocn kðh gh ighgrnc

trnonjnlar kheardnc

• Lgsarinhkzn`kðh khtgr-khstktu`kahnc• Kh`npn`klnl lg igstkðh / rgùrsa budnha paà `nckek`nla• Vrgsupugsta khsuek`kghtg• @arrup`kðh y lgskhtgrës ighgrnckznla

• @npn`klnlgs caiästk`ns y të`hk`ns lgspgrlk`knlns• _glu`kln àapgrn`kðh y npaya iuogrhndghtnc• _glu`kla npaya sa`knc y àdpradksa àduhktnrka• Nutarktnrksda y nousa cnoarnc (nciuhas `nsas)

• Lgskhtgrës sa`knc (khlkvkluncksda)• Gx`gsa àhsudksda y lgspgrlk`ka gh nudghta• Khnlgùnln sgirgin`kðh y lkspask`kðh lg _W gh arkigh• @nrgh`kn lg glu`n`kðh snhktnrkn (lgskheardn`kðh)

• Dädkhns àhlk`kahgs lg trnonja (khernbudnhns)(khsgiurklnl, ha oghgek`kas sa`kncgs, khsncuorklnl)

• Dnha lg aorn àha`glarn saorg gc rg`k`cnjg y nàpka• Kheardncklnl àda prî`tk`n –hardnc— lg suoskstgh`kn

??; ?06??; ?06

Eki.>57 Kheairneän: Gc @n`bkhgra, `bntnrrgra a rg`k`cnlar àda igstarsa`kagàhðdkà. Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn nlnptnla lg eughtgs. ?6>6.Eughtgs : _gvkstn –Vgrú Gà`hðdkà - Pg``kðh @bacahadk`s—

J k ?66; Ck V ú

• Dav. Hn`kahnc lg _g`k`cnlargs

l c V ú

arinhkzn`kahgs / skhlk`ntas ckstn lg rgskluas qug adprnh

egeg

Gc en`tar budnha & Gc trnonjnlar Kheardnc



`n`bkhgra - `bntnrrgra - rg k cnlar Gc n`bkhgra, skgdprg dahtnla gh su trk`k`ca, sgcg``kahn

cas dntgrkncgs rg`bnznlas a nrrajnlas lg cns `nsns y

gdprgsns y cugia cns vghlgs n irnhlgs nàpknlargs.

Gh su dnyarän sah badorgs (nprax. uh tgr`ka sah dujg-

rgs) talas jgegs lg endkckn. GLNL V_ADGLKA: <6 nþas.

Nqugccn pgrsahn qug trnonjn –sudgrikëhlasg— gh cas

lgsdahtgs lg onsurn tnhta gh nccgs ada gh oatnlgras

`nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc rg`k`cnlar

–gc ouza—

INHNH@KNLKN_KN

INHNH@KNDGHPWNC

@AP\A LG\_K@K@CA

>6 - >7 Hugvas Pacgs

?<6 - 056Hugvas Pacgs

>?6 Wsnlas066 HugvasP . /

Juhka ?66;. Ckdn - VgrúEatairneäns : Lkgia Patadnyar (Nhtrapðcaia VW@V)Khvgstkin`kðh : Lkgia Patadnyar, Nhlrgn Onrn`à &

Gvgcyh @nronjnc. Nlvgrtgh`kn : Pg prgsghtnh lntas npraxkdnlas rgàiklas

dglknhtg dugstrgas gh `nccg. Ha lgogrîh sgrtadnlas gh ughtn ada lntas lg vnca r kghtäà,lg gstulka lg dgr`nla hk sahlga lg apkhkðh.

tala sg àdprn,tala sg vghlg

P/. 6,76 Mi.Lg acar, pgrkðrlkà, gt`.

P/. 6,96 Mi.Ocnhà a –`nrnocnh`n—

P/. 6,>6 Mi.Lg prkdgrn, sgiuhln a tgr`grn `ncklnl,pravghkghtg lg njns.

P/. >,66 Mi. Oatgccns

P/. 6,26 Mi. VU@

P/. 6,77 Mi. –Lura—

P/. >6,7 Mi. @aorg irugsaP/. 7,76 Mi. Orah`gP/. ?,66 Mi. VcadaP/. >,96 Mi. Zkh`

lgc Vgrú.

• Nsa`kn`kðh lg \rnonjnlargs

Ndokghtncgs lg Ckdpkgzn y lg

_g`k`cnjg (N\NCK_)

• Eglgrn`kðh Hn`kahnc lg

_g`k`cnlargs lgc Vgrú (EGHN_GV)

iunhtgsP/. 0,6 - 06,6

cghtgsP/. <,6 - ;,6

`nsàP/. ;,6 - >7.6

dns`nrkccnP/. 0,6

avgrnccP/. 07,6 - 56,6

oatnsP/. ?6,6 - 06,6

àstncgsP/. 6,76 - >,66

GC WHKEA_DG PNCWLNOCG 4 P/. 9<,7 - ><2,6EWGH\G: Dngstra N g - ?66;. Ugstkdghtn nàrlg ah gc Nrtäùca H¶. ?6 lg cn CgyH¶ ?90>< (Cgy lg _gskluas Pðcklas).

Gh cn cnoar lgc rg`k`cnlar\ALA skrvg y su casaeän

kh`cuyg gc:

GLW@K_G@BNZN_GW\KCKZN_GVN_N_G@K@CN_

GWPN_

_rgskluas qug vghlgh - prg`kas npraxkdnlas lg nàpknlargs, Ckdn

egha

eg

eg p n p g

c

` n r t ð h

p c î s

t k ` a

d g

t n c g s



?00 ?0<?00 ?0<



Vrgsgh kn lg nsghtndkghta budnhassaorg oatnlgras, npraonlaspar duhk kpkas

EQ6>

EQ60

EQ6<@aogrturn lg _W àh `npns lg tkgrrn& gdpärkàs skstgdns lg past- cnusurn.

Eki.>59 @accnig >. @ahlk`kahgs n`tuncgs gh ûgornln Bahln & Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn. Eatairnns lgc Nutar ?6>6.

EQ6?

EQ67

@nsgtn lg àhtrac y sgrvk kas gh oatnlgra àhtracnla lg

qugornln bahln

?07 ?05?07 ?05



–

EQ65

Eki.>52 @accnig ?. @ahlk`kahgs n`tuncgs gh ^ugornln Bahln & Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn. Eatairnns lgc Nutar ?6>6.

Uäns eërrgns y cähgns lg nctn tghskðh ntrnvkgsnh trnhsvgrsncdghtg gc oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn lahlg sg nprg knh cas vgstkikas lg dîs lg ?6 nþas lg n`tkvklnlgs kheardncgs lg rg k cnjg...

EQ69

?09 ?02?09 ?02



...

EQ62 EQ6;

Eki.>5; @accnig 0. @ahlk`kahgs n`tuncgs gh ûgornln Bahln & Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn. Eatairnns lgc Nutar ?6>6.

—qug bay gh län sg dgz cnh ah cns n`tkvklnlgs lg vgrtkla gr`n n ûgornln Bahln, lkspahkëhlasg cas rgskluas skh cns lgoklns dglklns lg sgiurklnl y pratg` kðh ndokghtnc

EQ>6

?0; ?<6?0; ?<6

5. Nhîcksks tapairîeà

60 6

; <

6

? ; 7 6

? ; 5 6

; 9 6

N 6 6 6 d .

> 6 6 d .

? 7 6 d .

7 6 6 d .



? 7 9 6

? 7 2 6 ?

7 ; 6

? 5

6 6

? 5 > 6

? 5 ? 6

? 5 0 6

? 5 < 6

? 5 7 6

?576

?5<6

?506

?5<6

?506

?576

?5?6

?5?6

?5?6

?5>6

?566

?566

?5>6

?7;6

? 5 5 6

?556

? 5 9 6

? 5 2 6

?526

?596

? 5 ; 6

?5;6

? 9 6 6

?966

?9>6

? 9 > 6

? 9

? 6

? 9 0 6

?906

? 9 < 6

?9<6

? 9 7 6

?976?956

? 9 9 6

?996

?926

? 9 2 6

?9;6

?9;6

?266

?2>6

?266

? 9 ; 6

?9;6

? 2 6 6

? 2 6 6

? 2 6 6

?266

? 2 6 6

? 2 > 6

?2>6

? 2 ? 6

?2?6

? 2 0 6 ?

2 0 6

? 2 0 6

?206

? 2 < 6

?2<6

? 2 7 6

?276

? 2 5

6

?256

? 2 9 6

?296

? 2 2 6

?226

?2;6

? 2 ; 6

? ; 6 6

? ; > 6

?;>6

? ; ? 6

? ; 0

?;06

? ; ?

?;76

?;56

?;96

? ;

? 9 5 6

?796

?796

?726

?7;6

?566

?5>6

?5?6

?506

?5<6

?576

?7;6

?9?6

?;66

?;?6

?;<6 O

@

L

G

E

I

B

Eki.>96 Vcnha tapairî`a lg ^ugornln Bahln & Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

?<> ?<??<> ?<?

v k n n s e n c t n l n

?;66

?276

?266

?976

d.s.h.d. v k n e ë r r g n

q u g o r n l n b a h l n

_ W v g r t k l a s

o a r l g l g d a h t n þ n

o a r l g l g d g s g t n

o a r l g l g d g s g t n

N



Eki.>9> @artgs y nhîcksks tapairîà lg ûgornln Bahln & Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

prgladkhnh kn lg oughns vksuncgs

Haragstg bn`kn Purgstg

76

?966

?576

?566

?776

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

?;66

?276

?266

?976

?966

?576

?566

?776

d.s.h.d.

îrgn lg àheart tapairîà (dgsgtn lg onjn pghlkghtg)

O

@

L

G

E

I

B

6 6 6 d .

> 6 6 d .

? 7 6 d .

7 6 6 d .

?<0 ?<<?<0 ?<<

9. Nhîcksks `ckdntacðikà

9.> Vntrðh sacnr & arkghtn`kðh ðptkdn



H

>7¶

06¶

<7¶

56¶

97¶

;6¶

>67¶

>?6¶

>07¶

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5

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>7

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>stEgo

>stDnr

>stNpr

>stDny

>stJuh>stJuc

>stNui

>stPgp

>stA`t

>stHav

>stLg`

-

Ptgrgairnpbk`LknirndCa`ntkah:^WGO_NLNBAHLN,N_G^WKVN-VG_W

uok n kðh igairî`n:

>5¶ ?‛ P9>¶ <‛ A

Eki.>9? Lknirndns Gstgrgairîàs lg pntrðh sacnr pnrn ûgornln Bahln - Nrgqukpn, Vgrú. Eughtg: Ygntbgr \aac ?.6 © - ?662 & G@A\G@\ 7.6 © Nutalg sm, Kh`.

sacstk`ka lg vgrnha?> lk`kgdorg

>6:66 nd. >6:66 nd. >6:66 nd.

gqukha``kas ?> dnrza - ?> sgtkgdorg

sacstk`ka lg khvkgrha?> juhka

H

>7¶

06¶

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56¶

97¶

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>.?6

6.;6

6.56

6.06

@adpradksg:0<9.7¶

?79.7¶

NhhuncNvgrnig

WhlgrbgntglVgrkal

AvgrbgntglVgrkal

AptkdudArkghtntkahCa`ntkah:^WGO_NLNBAHLN,N_G^WKVN-VG_WArkghtntkahonsglahnvgrniglnkcykh`klghtrnlkntkahahnvgrtk`ncsuren`g.WhlgrbgntglPtrgss:979.;AvgrbgntglPtrgss:?5.6@adpradksg:0<9.7¶©Ygntbgr\aac

Nvi.Lnkcy_nlkntkahnt->?.7¶Ghtkrg[gnr:6.9>mYb/d¿Whlgrbgntgl:>.>6mYb/d¿Avgrbgntgl:6.7>mYb/d¿

ðptkdn arkghtn kðh: ->?.7¶ (Haragstg)(onsnln gh gc pradglka lknrka lg kh klgh kn lg

rnlkn kðh sacnr gh supgr kgs vgrtk`ncgs)

@NV\N@KÐH LG _NLKN@KÐH GH PWVG_EK@KGPVradglka nhunc: 6.9> MYb / d?

Onjn gxpask kðh: >.>6 MYb / d?

Paorg gxpask kðh: 6.7> MYb / d?

Nrgqukpn prgsghtn uh ckdn tgdpcnla, sgdklgsërtkà,àh gs`nsgz lg prg kpktn kahgs pcuvkncgs.

Eki.>90 Lknirndns Gstgrgairîàs lg Arkghtn`kðh ðptkdn lg glk`n`kahgs pnrn ûgornlnBahln - Nrgqukpn, Vgr ú. Eughtg: © Ygntbgr \aac ?.6 - ?662. Nutalg sm, Kh`.

Vradglka nhuncVgrkala lg onjn gxpask`kðh

Vgrkala lg saorg-gxpask`kðh

Ðptkda

Vëskda

->?.7¶ HY(0<9.7¶)

?<7 ?<5?<7 ?<5

_NLKN@KÐH PACN_LK_G@\N

9.? _nlkn kðh sacnr & barns lg sac



?< Brs

rnlkn`kðhpradglkadghsunc

>? Brs

>2 Brs

65 Brs

66 Brs

@NH\KLNL LG BA_NP LG PAC

_NLKN@KÐH PACN_ LK_G@\N

><.2 Brs

] 2626 Yb/d? T ] 2?26 Yb/d? T ] 9<00 Yb/d? T ] 76;; Yb/d? T ] 0?62 Yb/d? T ] ?779 Yb/d? T

><.6 Brs

>?.5 Brs >>.5 Brs

>6.6 Brs;.; Brs

Eki.>9< Lknirndns lg _nlkn`kðh Pacnr Lkrg`tn & @nhtklnl lg Barns lg Pac pnrn ^ugornln Bahln - Nrgqukpn, Vgrú.Eughtg: Ygntbgr \aac ?.6 © - ?662 Nutalgsm, Kh`. & EA_G@N ©.

GHG_A EGO_G_A DN_ZA NO_KC DN[A JWHKA JWCKA NIAP\A PG\KGDO_G A@\WO_G HAUKGDO_G LK@KGDO_G

] ?9<> Yb/d? T ] 0;60 Yb/d? T ] <<0> Yb/d? T ] 7766 Yb/d? T ] 50?? Yb/d? T ] 2<09 Yb/d? T

>6.6 Brs>>.0 Brs

>?.6 Brs>0.0 Brs

><.0 Brs>7.6 Brs

?<9 ?<2?<9 ?<2

NB

k : K@ C k t ä l c

9.0 Vsk`radgträn



LO\(¶@) 7 >6 >7 ?6 ?7 06 07 <6 <7 76

NB

7

>6

>7

?6

?7

06

@adeart

k : , K : k : : : k : : : k : .

K K :. k c k . c . c kc k

Vsy`bradgtrk`@bnrtCa`ntkah:^WGO_NLNBAHLN,N_G^WKVN-VG_WErgqugh`y:>stJnhunryta0>stLg`gdogrYggmlny\kdgs:66:66-?<:66BrsYggmghl\kdgs:66:66-?<:66BrsOnradgtrk`Vrgssurg:>6>.76mVn©Ygntbgr\aac

PGCG@\GLLGPKIH\G@BHK^WGP:>.pnsskvgsacnrbgntkhi

?.tbgrdncdnssgeeg`ts0.hnturncvghtkcntkah

Cn psk`radgträn gs uhn rndn lg cn

`kgh`kn qug gstulkn cns prapkglnlgs

tgrdalkhîdk`ns lgc nkrg búdgla y

lgc geg`ta lg cn budglnl ntdaseërk`n

saorg cas dntgrkncgs y saorg gc aheart

budnha.

Gc lknirndn psk`radëtrkà rgcn`kahndúctkpcgs pnrîdgtras rgcn`kahnlas

àh uhn dgz`cn lg nkrg búdgla: tgd-

pgrnturn, budglnl rgcntkvn, budglnl

nosacutn, puhta lg ra`äa, ghtncpän

gspg`ä`n a ncar tatnc, ncar sghskocg,

`ncar cntghtg y vacudgh gspg`äà lgc

nkrg.

Gc lknirndn ha gs ahstnhtg, yn qug

gs vnrknocg ah cn ncturn saorg gc hkvgc

lgc dnr.

Gh gc nsa lg Nrgqukpn, bgdas nc-

ùcnla gc hkvgc lg @aheart ndokghtnc pnrn uhn kherngstru`turn qug àhtkghg

uh hkvgc dglka-ncta lg n`tkvklnl, n

>6>7 do (MVn) lg prgskðh ntdaseërk-

`n, y gh uya lksgþa sg vn n tadnr gh

ùghtn uh lksgþa pnskva n pnrtkr lg cns

skiukghtgs të`hk`ns:

- @ncghtndkghta Pacnr Vnskva

- Geg`tas lg dnsn \ërdk`n

- Ughtkcn`kðh hnturnc

Gh gc lknirndn ahtkiua sg bnh ncù-

cnla cns zahns lg aheart (tgdpgrntu-

rn) n pnrtkr lg cns uncgs bnorgdas lggeg`tunr gc usa lg lk`bns të`hk`ns.

Eki.>97 Lknirndn Vsk`radëtrkà pnrn ûgornlnBahln - Nrgqukpn, Vgrú.Eughtg: Ygntbgr \aac ?.6 © - ?662

Nutalgsm, Kh`.

?<; ?76?<; ?76

Eki >95 Lknirndns OKlkdghskahncgs y

9.< \gdpgrnturn

¶@ pradglka



tgdpgrnturns dîxkdns nhuncgs tgdpgrnturns dähkdns nhuncgs tgdpgrnturns pradglka nhuncgs

Eki.>95 Lknirndns OKlkdghskahncgs y\_Klkdghskahncgs lg cns tgdpg-rnturns nhuncgs pnrn ûgornlnBahln - Nrgqukpn, Vgrú.Eughtg: Ygntbgr \aac ?.6 © -?662 Nutalgsm, Kh`.

HA\N: Gc îcùca lg cn tgd-pgrnturn pradglka dghsuncgs rgsuctnla lg cn dglkn lg cnsudntarkn lg cn tgdpgrnturndîxkdn y dähkdn lg nln dgs.

CGIGHL

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@adeart:\bgrdncHgutrnckty

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LkeeusgPacnr

CG[GHLN @aheart: hgutrncklnl tërdk`n

\gdpgrnturns

_nlkn`kðh Pacnr Lkrg`tn

_nlkn`kðh Pacnr Lkeusn

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Eki.>99 Nhîcksks lg budglnl rgcntkvn & prg`kpk tn`kahgs pnrnûgornln Bahln - Nrgqukpn, Vgrú. Eughtg: Ygntbgr\aac ?.6 © - ?662 Nutalgsm, Kh`. & EA_G@N ©.



dglkn

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?77 ?75?77 ?75

2. Nhîcksks igacðik`a & igadareacðik`a2.> Igacaiän rgikahnc & Ca`nc

(@nrn`tgrästk ns lg cns uhklnlgs cktacðik`ns y gstru`turncgs)



Pg`tar Nrgqukpn 00-P? lgc Dnpn Igacðikà lgc Vgrú. KHIGDG\.

6 . 6

M d .

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M d .

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M d .

7 . 6

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9 . 7

M d .

Eardn`kðh @ukà (^pc-ù)Lghadkhnln nsä n uh àhjuhta lg `npns gstrntk`nlns àh `kgrtairnla lg `gdghtn`kðh, àhstktukla par dntgrkncgs pkra`cîstkàs,cghtgs lg `ghkzn vac`îhk`n, ernidghtas lg onsncta y nhlgsktn lgvnrknocgs tndnþas, sah `npns àh `kgrtn barkzahtncklnl, prgsghtnuhn pgqugþn kh`ckhn`kðh nc PY (7¶). Gh hugstrn zahn lg gstulka sgghùghtrn saorgyn`kghla nc Uac`îhkà Pgh``n (\aon Pncdðh) ghlksàrlnh`kn graskahnc g khernyn`kghla n cns àcnlns lg onsncta lgcUac`îhkà Onrrasa. Pg cg gstkdn uh gspgsar vnrknocg lg 0 n 7 d .

Irupa Onrrasa (^pc-on) - Gstrnta Uac`îh @bn`bnhk (^pc- b-np)Ukhùcnla nc vuc`nhksda pcka-pcgksta`gha gdpcnznla n ca cnria lgcn @arlkccgrn A``klghtnc lgc Pur lgc Vgrú, eardnhla uhn `nlghn lgnpnrntas vac`îhkàs cîvkàs, àdpugstas dnyardghtg lg nhlgsktns.Ca`ncdghtg gs paskocg lkstkhiukr las uhklnlgs: bn`kn cn onsg uhnuhklnl dns cnjgnln lg nhlgsktn, cas cnjgndkghtas sah suobarkzahtn-

cgs, àh gspgsar vnrknocg lg 0 n 7 d.= yn bn`kn cn pnrtg supgrkar uhnuhklnl nhlgsätk`n, dnskvn, àh gspgsar lg < n 5 d.

Eardn`kðh Pgh``n (\pc-sg) ð Eardn`kðh Nþnsbunkà(Hp-nþ)\ndokëh aha`kln ada eardn`kðh Nþnsbunyà y úctkdndghtg lg-hadkhnln eardn`kðh Pkccnr lg Nrgqukpn. Bn`kn cn onsg àheardnlapar cn lghadkhnln \aon Ocnh`n (Pkccnr) y bn`kn cn pnrtg supgrkar parcn \aon _asnln (Pncdðh).Gh cn zahn lg trnonja bn`kn cns dîrighgs dns a``klghtncgs, bnyàrtgs qug gxpahgh cn taon sncdðh rasnln àda onsndghta lgcîrgn, qug àrrgspahlgh n cn uhklnl supgrkar lg cn eardn`kðh Pgh`-`n.Cktacðik`ndghtg àrrgspahlg n taons saclnlns, dnskvns, lg àcarrasnla, lg tgxturn irnhucnr, ern`turn krrgiucnr, adpugstn prkh`kpnc-dghtg lg pcnika`cnsn sðlk`n (>7-?6%), okatktn (>%) ernidghtas cätk-às nhlgsätkàs ((>-?6), pkglrn pðdgz (7->7%) y dntrkz (<6-96%) yàh uhn rgskstgh`kn n cn àdprgskðh skdpcg gstkdnln lg 2 î >6DVn,

Eardn`kðh @baàcntg (Jk-`ba)Ighgrncdghtg àheardnla par `nckzns irksgs y dnrrahgs àh nouh-lnhtgs eðskcgs (àrncgs, orkazanrkas, ornqukðpalas y instgrðpalas),bny cn prgsgh`kn lg lgrrndgs vac`îhkàs.

Lgpðsktas _g`kghtgs (^r-pu/nc/gac)@aheardnla par lgpðsktas khàhsacklnlas, àrrgspahlkghtgs n dn-tgrkncgs lg nctgrn`kðh lg ra`ns khernyn`ghtgs, lgpðsktas lg ncuvkahn-dkghta y nùducn`kahgs gðck`ns lg nrghns y `ghkzns vac`îhk`ns.Paorgyn`kghla n cas nhtgrkargs gs paskocg aosgrvnr cas lgpðsktasnhtrapaiëhkàs, àhstktuklas par cas n`tuncgs onsurncgs, àh gspg-sargs pradglkas lg ? n 0 d. ccginhla bnstn 7 d.

Eki.>9; Dnpn Igacðikà lgc ùnlrîhiuca lg Nrgqukpn, Vgrú. Eughtg: Khstktuta IgacðikàDkhgra y Dgtncúrikà KHIGDDG\. Enùctnl lg Igacaiän lg cn Whkvgrsklnl Hn-`kahnc lg Pnh Niustäh & Gstulka Igacðikà, Igatë`hkà g Bklraigacðikà pnrn gc_gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln, AHI Cnoar ?662.

?79 ?72?79 ?72

Eki.>26 Dnpns Igadareacðikàs lgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh. Eughtg: Khstktuta IgacðikàDkhgra y Dgtncúrikà KHIGDDG\. Enùctnl lg Igacaiän lg cn Whkvgrsklnl Hn-`kahnc lg Pnh Niustäh & Gstulka Igacðikà, Igatë`hkà g Bklraigacðikà pnrn gc_gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln, AHI Cnoar ?662.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.



GP@NCN I_ÎEK@N

2.? Igadareacaiän rgikahnc & ca`nc

n. Igadareacaiän _gikahnc

Lg nùgrla n Unrins (>;96), qukgh pnrn cn bajn lg Nrgqukpn lgs`rk-okð sgks (65) uhklnlgs igadareacðik`ns, cn zahn lg gstulka y ncrglg-largs àdprghlg las (6?) lg gstns uhklnlgs, cns ùncgs sah:

Nrà Uac`îhkà lgc OnrrasaGstî àhstktukla par uhn sgrkg lg nctns dahtnþns lg arkigh vac`î-hkà skiukghla uh nckhgndkghta `krùcnr àh su àh`nvklnl bn`kn gcA`ënha Vn`äà, ghàhtrîhlasg gh cn pnrtg HG lg cn bajn (Uac`î -hkàs @bn`bnhk, Ha`nrnhg y @artnlgrns), àh nctktulgs lg ?266 n<666d.

Vghkccnhurn lg NrgqukpnGs uhn supgr`kg sunvgdghtg ahlucnln, àdprghlkln ghtrg Nrg-qukpn y [urn y cn àhugh`kn lg cas räas @bkck y [urn, ralgnln lg cn@arlkccgrn lg Cnlgrns, gstrkon`kahgs Nhlkhns y lgc Nrà lgc Onrrasa,àh nctktulgs qug vnh lg cas >266 n ?566d.

o. Igadareacaiän Ca`nc

Gh cn zahn lg gstulka bn skla paskocg lkstkhiukr bnstn ùntra (6<)uhklnlgs igadareacaik`ns ca`ncgs:

Cn zahn lg cnlgrns@arrgspahlkghtg n cn `nlghn lg dahtnþns lgc Nrà Uac`îhkà lgcOnrrasa, qug `krùhln n cn zahn lg gstulka. @ah pghlkghtgs dnya-rgs n ?6¶.

Gs`nrpns Vghlkghtgs `gr`nhns n cas ;6¶.

Cn zahn lg qugornlns@arrgspahlkghtg prkh`kpncdghtg n cas oarlgs tgrdkhncgs lg cns cnlg-rns, qug par gc oarlg Agstg àrrgspahlgh n cn ûgornln Bahlny par gc Gstg n cn ûgornln Oughn Ukstn. Lghadkhnlas tndokëhrgccghas lg `nu`gs uvkncgs.

Cn zahn pghgpcîhk`n@arrgspahlkghtg n lkiktn`kahgs (bn`kn gc Nrà Uac`îhkà lgc Onrra-sa) lg cn lghadkhnln Vghkccnhurn lg Nrgqukpn, lahlg sg lkstkhiughsgks lgprgskahgs prkh`kpncgs. Gs gh gstn zahn qug sg uok`n gc îrgn

lg gstulka, tkghg pghlkghtgs lg bnstn >6¶.

Lgprgskahgs@arrgspahlgh n bahlahnlns lgc tgrrgha, ca`nckznlns prkh`kpncdgh-tg gh cn zahn pghgpcîhk`n, qug rgprgsghtnh zahns ntrn`tkvns pnrncn ca`nckzn`kðh lg cas euturas rgccghas snhktnrkas, ighgrncdghtg lgeardn gcahinln. Pg bnh lkstkhiukla bnstn sgks (65) bahlahnlns.

@ahas Ncuvkncgs@arrgspahlgh n cns eardns lg dalgcnla uvknc lg skcugtn `ðhk`na gh nonhkà. Gstg lgpðskta lg ncuvkahgs sg bn ighgrnla gh cnszahns lg pkg lg cnlgrns, lahlg cn pghlkghtg lg cns cnlgrns ghcnznhàh cn ûgornlns y cns zahns ccnhns a lgprgskahgs.

6 6 6 d .

> 6 6 d .

? 7 6 d .

7 6 6 d .

?7; ?56?7; ?56

;. Nhîcksks bälrkàVnrn aha`gr cns nrn`tgrästk`ns bklraigacðik`ns lg cn zahn sg prairn-dð uhn ndpnþn lg khvgstkin`kðh igaeäsk`n, dglknhtg cn uok`n`kðh lgtrgs (60) sahlnjgs gcë`trkàs vgrtk`ncgs (PGU‛s) lghtra lg cn zahn.

;.> Bklracaiän Pupgre`kncVCNHK@KG LG KH\G_UGH@KÐH

@ G _ _

A @ A _ \ N L G

_ N P

^WGO_NLNOWGHN UKP\N



@G__A @A_\NLG_NP

_KGPIA VA_ @AHA NCWUKNC

_KGPIA VA_ GP@N_VN

^WGO_NLNBAHLN

GP@N_VN

N@\WNCGP UG_\KLAPLG CN DVN

^WGO_NLNOWGHN UKP\N

CG[GHLN

gsàrrghtäns supgr`kncgs g Bklraigacðik`ns

`nu`gs supgr`kncgs

lgpðsktas nhtrapaiëhkàs (onsurn)

oarlgs hnturncgs & qugornln

6 6 6 d .

> 6 6 d .

? 7 6 d .

7 6 6 d .

Gxkstgh las nu`gs hnturncgs lgckdktntarkas lg cn pcnhk`kg gh cn qug gstnghdnr`nln cn zahn lg gstulka.Cn ugornln Oughn Ukstn, sg khk`kn gh gc nhà arkghtnc y gstn nckdghtn-ln par lrghnjgs sgùhlnrkas lg duy pa`n kdpartnh`kn. @ahtracnln paruhn lgprgskðh sunvg pgra ndpckn qug lghktkvndghtg ha kdpck`n paskok -cklnl lg rkgsia qug neg`tg cn zahn lg gstulka, gstg adpartndkghta sgdnhtkghg n ca cnria lg taln cn pcnhk`kg.

Var atra cnla, gh ugornln Bahln, sk sg prgsghtnh paskokcklnlgs lg

rkgsia dîs gcgvnla lgokla n cn kdpartnh`kn lg gstg tarrghtg par cn`nhtklnl lg nrin qug trng gh ëpa`n lg prg`kpktn`kahgs pcuvkncgs y parca gs`nrpnla lg su ahiurn`kðh tapairî`n.

Nsä dksda gstn qugornln gs nckdghtnln par uh ncta húdgra lg gsà-rrghtäns pravghkghtgs lgc nhà agstg lg cn pcnhk`kg, skghla cns dîsprgaùpnhtgs gc aha ncuvknc uok`nla nc khk`ka lg ndons qugornlns yuhn gs`nrpn n uhas 066 d. lg cn n`tunc zahn lg vgrtkla lg cn DVN.

Gstg rgàla ahstktuyg uh îrgn sujgtn n eugrtg graskðh lg rkvgrn y quggh nciúh dadghta puglg rgprgsghtnr uh rkgsia nc arkikhnr uhn paskocgkhuhln`kðh y lgsprghlkdkghta. Gc aha ncuvknc prgsghtn n su vgz uheugrtg rnlka lg aogrturn y gs n`tkvnla par uh lrghnjg eugrtg qug pra-vkghg lg uhn lg cns gstrkon`kahgs dns gcgvnlns lgc @grra @artnlgrns.Cn kdpartnh`kn lgc dksda tndokëh sg gvklgh`kn gh cn eugrtg gs`nrpnarkikhnln gh cn pnrtg nctn lg gstn gcgvn`kðh.

Ekhncdghtg puglg lgtg`tnrsg cn gr`nhän lg gsàrrghtän supgr`kncgs ncas lgpðsktas nhtrapaiëhkàs rg`kghtgs (onsurn) tnhta lgc hugva vgrtg-lgra lg cn DVN ada nc nhtkiua Oatnlgra lg Cn Vns`nhn.

Gc lrghnjg supgr`knc saorg gstn pcnhk`kg gs prgladkhnhtgdghtg pnrncg-

ca n suolghlrätkà, cas ursas lg niun gh cn pnrtg arrgspahlkghtg n cnsgstrkon`kahgs lgc Nrà Uac`îhkà lgc Onrrasas tkghgh prgegrgh`kncdghtguhn lkrg``kðh PA-A y uhn vgz gh cn Vghkccnhurn nlqukgrgh uhn lkrg``kðhPA. Cn dnyar pnrtg lgc tkgdpa gstns qugornlns sah sg`ns, dnhtg-hkghla budglnl par lgonja lg cn supgr`kg y sah n`tkvnlns lurnhtg cnëpa`n lg ccuvkns.

;.? Bklraigacaiän Puotgrrîhgn

Pg bn lgtgrdkhnla cn prgsgh`kn lg cn hnpn ergîtk`n gr`nhn n cas 76dgtras lg praeuhlklnl, par ca qug ha gxkstg cn kdpck`nh`kn lg ahtndk-hn`kðh lg nciúh nùäegra, yn qug cas rgsuctnlas khlk`nh qug cas dntgrkn-cgs lgc suosugca sg ghùghtrnh adpcgtndghtg sgàs= sg``kahgs täpk`nsnsä ada dnyargs lgtnccgs sg dugstrnh gh gc nhîcksks igatë`hkà.

Nsä dksda ha sg bn ghàhtrnla uh rgikstra lg pazas, sgiúh khvghtnrkalg PGLNVN_ (@bnàh, >;;2) a lg nciúh tkpa lg dnhnhtknc a narn`kðhqug khlkqug cn prgsgh`kn lg niun suotgrrîhgn gh cn pcnhk`kg n khtgrvghkr.Cns nck`ntns lg gxpcarn`kðh igatë`hk`n, gspg`kncdghtg gh gc nu`g lgûgornln Bahln, dugstrnh cn prgsgh`kn lg budglnl par lgonja lgc

dglka dgtra lg praeuhlklnl, qug gxpck`n cn prgsgh`kn lg vgigtn`kðhergs`n gh lk`ba nu`g.

Cas gstulkas rgikahncgs rgnckznlas par @bn`ðh (>;;2), suikgrgh qug, cnsra`ns vac`îhk`ns lg cn Eardn`kðh Pgh``n, sah lg nrn`tgrästk`ns duyàdpn`tns, lurns g kdpgrdgnocgs.

Nlk`kahncdghtg, gc dn`kza raàsa (vac`îhkà Onrrasa) lgs`rkta gh talngc îrgn lg gstulka gvktnrän uncqukgr paskokcklnl lg ahtndkhn`kðh lgok-la n su ncta hkvgc lg kdpgrdgnokcklnl.

Ekhncdghtg, gc pnksnjg lgsërtkà nsä ada cn gr`nhän n cns gstrkon`kahgslgc vac`îh @bn`bnhk, cg lnh gc geg`ta lg s adorn arairî`n. Ha sg ah-eardnh nùäegras gr`nhas n cn supgr`kg, nuhqug gxkstgh ern`turns qugpgrdktgh gc pnsa lg niun n praeuhlklnlgs dnyargs lg >66d.

@G__A @A_\NLG_NP

OA\NLG_A LGCN VNP@NHN

VCNHK@KG LG KH\G_UGH@KÐH

^WGO_NLN BAHLN EA_DN@KÐH PGH@@N (\pc-sg) (VK_A@CÎP\K@A)

I_WVA ON__APA (Ipc-on) (_A@APA)

HNVN E_GÎ\K@N (GH\_G 76 ->66 d. V_AEWHLKLNL)

OWGHN UKP\N

Eki.>2> Dnpn & lknirndns Bklracðikàs & Bk-lraigacðikàs lgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh.Eughtg: Gstulka Igacðikà, Igatë`hkà gBklraigacðikà pnrn gc _gccgha Pnhktnrka lgûgornln Bahln, AHI Cnoar ?662.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

?5> ?5??5> ?5?

>6. Nhîcksks igatë`hkà

G6>

G6?

G60 G6<G67

G65



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@ghkzn vac`îhk`n

Gstrnta lg dntgrknc ckdasa, lg acar dnrrðh , ghgstnla sgdkàdpn`ta àh prgsgh`kn lg dntgrknariîhk`n (rnk`gs, rgstas lg vgigtncgs, g`t) Gc dntgrkncprgsghtn tgrrahgs qug sg lksirginh eî`kcdghtg.

Gstrnta lg dntgrknc ckdasa, lg acar dnrrðh , ghgstnla sgdkàdpn`ta àh prgsgh`kn lg dntgrknariîhk`n (rnk`gs, rgstas lg vgigtncgs, g`t) Gc dntgrkncprgsghtn tgrrahgs qug sg lksirginh eî`kcdghtg.

Gstrnta lg dntgrknc irnhucnr lg àcar irksî`ga,àhstktukla par irnvns lg eardn suo-nhiucasn lghnturncgzn vac`îhk`n. Vrgsghtn tgrrahgs ah dntrkznrghasn qug ghvugcvgh n nrghns y irnvkccns, gstas sglksirginh eî`kcdghtg. Vrgsghtn nciuhas ernidghtaspkra`cîstkàs pgqugþas. Nskdksda prgsghtn oacgas lglkîd 0— n >?—.

Cghtg lg nrghn sugctn ah paàs has, prgsghtndntgrknc pudätkà.

Gstrnta lg dntgrknc nrghasa lgàcar irks prgsghtnirnvns y irnvkccns, prgsghtn tndokëh ernidghtaspkra`cîstkàs. Gc dntgrknc sg ghùghtrn gh gstnlasgdkàdpn`ta.

Bn`kn nonja sg ghùghtrnh ocaqugs lg irnh lkdgh-skðh <6 d n > d. lg lkîdgtra Cn eardn lg cas oca-qugs gs suo-nhiucasn. Gstas ocaqugs sah lg arkighvac`îhkà qug gh ern`turn ergs`n gs lg acar hgira.

@ghkzn vac`îhk`n

@aogrturn lg sugca duy paorg, nrgha-tueî`gn lg a-car pnrla asùra, prgsgh`kn lg oacahgrän lg dntgrkncbgtgraiëhga.

Dntgrknc bgtgraiëhga ah prgpahlgrnh`kn lgoacahgrän lg nhiucasa n suonhiucasa.

Lgpðskta lg dntgrknc pkra`cîstkà rglgpasktnla ahpsgulagstrntk n`kðh lg irnha irugsa n dglka.

@ghkzn vac`îhk`n

@aogrturn lg sugca nrgha-tueî`gn lg acar pnrlaasùra.

Pugca nrgha-tueî ga sgdkàdpn`ta.

Nrghn tueî gn àh ernidghtas lg ra nsuorglahlgnlas lg 6.67 n 6.76 d.

Nrghn tueî gn irugsn àh psgulagstrntk`n`kðh.

@ahicadgrnla lg acar raja asùra.

@ghkzn vac`îhk`n

Gstrnta lg dntgrknc ckdasa, lg acar dnrrðh ,gh gstnla sgdkàdpn`ta àh prgsgh`kn lgdntgrkn ariîhk`n (rnk`gs, rgstas lg vgigtncgs,g`t) Gc dntgrknc prgsghtn tgrrahgs qug sglksirginh eî`kcdghtg.

Gstrnta lg dntgrknc ckda nrghasa lg àcardnrrðh cnra gh gstnla adpn`ta, prgsghtnnciuhas tgrrahgs ckdasas sg lksirginheî`kcdghtg, dntgrknc onstnhtg pucvgrucghtaprgsghtn nciuhas rgstas lgvgigtncgs.

Bn`kn nonja sg ghùghtrnh ocaqugs lg irnhlkdghskðh <6 d n > d. lg lkîdgtra Cn eardnlg cas ocaqugs gs suo-nhiucasn. Gstas oca-qugs sah lg arkigh vac`îhkà qug gh ern`turnergs`n gs lg acar hgira.

6.>7

6.>7

6.76

6.766.76

6.76

6.76

6.56

?.66

?.66ndîs

?.66

6.96

vnr.

6.56n>.66

6.07

>.66

>.66

b(d.)

b(d.) b(d.)

Gstrntkirneän G6> - dglkn pcnhk`kg

Gstrntkirneän G6< - ln. Oughn Ukstn Gstrntkirneän G67 - @nu`g lg räa

Gstrntkirneän G6? - nctn pcnhk`kg

6.>7

6.06

vnr.

>.66n>.<6

b(d.)

Cns `nrn`tgrästk`ns igatë`hk`ns lg sugcas y ra`nsgh nc zahn lg gstulka bn skla `ncùcnln n trnvës lgc

nhîcksks par dglka lg `nck`ntns, PGU‛s, gstn`kahgsigadg`îhk`ns, pgrcgs y àcudhns igacðik`ns, qugpgrdktnh lgtnccnr tncgs pnrîdgtras y ùyas lntasdîs rgcgvnhtgs sah gxpugstas n àhtkhun`kðh.

>6.> Dg`îhk`n lg sugcas

Cas gstulkas lg dg`îhk`n lg sugcas rgpartnh casskiukghtgs lntas:

\kpa lg sugca Nrgha ckdasas (PD-PV)

Dnsn gspg`. hnturnc Dglkn n onjn(ώ 4 >.<2 t / d0)

Lghsklnl rgcntkvn Onjns (Lr 4 ?2.77%)

Vcnstk`klnl Onjn n hucn (6 4 KV 3 9%)

Var`ghtnjg lg Ekhas (Vp,#?66 4 >6-0;%)

Pncgs sacuocgs Onja ahtghkla (6.6?%)

Pksdk`klnl N`gcgrn`kðh (n 4 6.?i)

@npn`klnl partnhtg ô 4 6.;? Mi./`d? n>.?6 d. lg praeuhlklnl

>6.? Dg`îhk`n lg ra`ns

Pg bn lgtgrdkhnla qug gh gc narndkghta lg ûg -ornln Bahln, gxkstg uh àrtg qug pgrdktg àha`gr cngstrntkirneän ca`nc lgc îrgn lg gstulka àrrgspahlkgh-tg nc Irupa Onrrasa, àh sus las uhklnlgs nhlgsktk-`ns prgsghtgs: uhn cnjgnln gh cn pnrtg khegrkar y atrndnskvn gh cn pnrtg supgrkar.

Dn`kza khegrkar lg cn ra`nDn`kza _giucnr (KKK/7?) lg ocaqugs pgqugþas(cnjgnla) (Jv 4 ?2lks`/d0) - Vgrdgnocg.

Dn`kza supgrkarDn`kza Ougha (KK/5;) ah ocaqugs irnhlgs(Jv 4 0lks`/d0) - Kdpgrdgnocg.

Gh ndoas `nsas gc dn`kza pgrtghg`g nc Onsncta Nhlgsätkà lg arkigh Uac`îhkà @nrn`tgrästk`ns lggstrnta vac`îh Uac`îhkà Onrrasa ‐ Uac`îhkà @bkcn.

Ha bny gvklgh`kn lg niuns suotgrrîhgns

`gr`nhns n cas 76 d. lg praeuhlklnl.

Eki.>2? @artgs gstrntkirîàs lgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh. Eughtg: Gstu-lka Igacðikà, Igatë`hkà g Bklraigacðikà pnrn gc _gccghaPnhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln, AHI Cnoar ?662. Gcnoarn`kðhVrapkn ?6>6.

6.66

6.66

>.66

?.66

0.66

<.66

7.66

5.66

-?.66

-<.66

-5.66

-2.66

->6.66

->?.66

-><.66

->5.66

->2.66

-?6.66

@ghkzn vac`îhk`n

@aogrturn lg sugca nrgha-tueî`gn lg acar pnrlaasùra ah cnstas lg lkîdgtras pgqugþas lgdntgrknc raàsa vgskùcnr, prgsgh`kn lg rnä`gs

@ahicadargla lg dntgrknc nhlgsätkà paààbgskahnla gh cn pnrtg supgrkar, nspg`ta lg

oacahgrän, gh nc pnrtg onjn sg hatn uhn cntgrn`kðh

lg acar rajn asùrn y nc ahtn`ta ah gc onsnctatkghg nspg`ta lg gsàrkn abgskahnln ah dntrkzvgskùcnr

@acnln onsîctk`n lg acar irks lg irnha ha paàsurnla gh su pnrtg supgrkar bnstn uh gspgsar

lg 0.76 d. npraxkdnlndghtg y bn`kn su onsg sgghùghtrn nctndghtg ern`turnla ah `nrn`tgrästk-

`ns lg cnjndkghta ah ern`turn ahàklnc

@ahicadgrnla skdkcnr nc lgs`rkta gh`kdn lg cnàcnln onsîctk`n ah cn dksdn nctgrn`kðh rajkzn

asùrn

Lgpðsktas psgulagstrntk nlas lg dntgrknc pkra-`cîstkà rgtrnhspartnla lg irnha irugsa n dglkay sg nprg`kn gh vnrkns zahns lg àhtn`ta ah gc

vac`îhkà sgh``n lg dnhgrn cghtkùcnr

\uea rasnla a sncdðh pgrtghg`kghtg nc Uac`îhkàPgh``n lg nspg`ta sgdk-àdpn`tnla n ad-

pn`tnla gh nciuhns îrgns

@ghkzn vac`îhk`n

@aogrturn lg sugca nrgha-tueî`gn lg acar pnrla asùraàh cnstas lg lkîdgtras pgqugþas lg dntgrknc raàsa

vgskùcnr, prgsgh`kn lg rnä`gs

Dntgrknc nrgha-tueî`ga skh `cnsk`n`kðh dglknhndghtgàdpn`ta lg irnha ha ah kh`cuskðh lg cnstas uhkear -

dgs nhiucasas

Dntgrknc nrgha-tueî`ga rglgpasktnl lg àcar pnrla ahprgladkhnh`kn lg Cnpkcck

Dntgrknc bgtgraiëhga irks skh `cnsk`n`kðh aheardnlapra nrghns irugsns n dglka irugsns ah lgtrktas a

`cnstas nhiucasas n suonhiucasas

Cghtgs lg nrghn hn àh pgqugþn psgulagstrntk`n`kðh

Pgùgh`kn lg npns lg Cnpkcck y nrghn tueî`gn ah kh`cu-skahgs lg lgtrktas lg irnha dglka n irugsa

nrghn tueî`gn irks bn`kn nrrkon àh prgladkhnh`kn lgcnpkcck y bn`kn nonja lgtrktas lg acar ocnhqugskha

nrghn lg irnha irugsa n dglka irks ocnhqugskha

nrghn-tueî`gn lg irnha irugsa n ha lg ocnhà n irks

Dntgrknc Vkra`cîstkà y lgtrktas rglgpasktnlas lg acarirksî`ga n ocnhà

Nrghn irugsn hn tueî`gn lg acar irks irnlnhla n irnlairugsa lg dntgrknc pkra`cîstkà rglgpasktnlas y lgtrktas

lg ra`n vac`îhk`n

nrghn tueî`gn irks dnc `cnsk`nln ah cghtgs lg dntgrkncpkra`cîstkà rglgpasktnla lg irnha irugsa n ha

Gstrntkirneän G60 - gs`nrpn gh ^ln. Bahln

Gstrntkirneän G65 - `nu`g ndpcka lg räa

6.76

6.76

6.56

>.66

6.?6

6.;6

>.66n?.66

>.66n

?.66

>.66n?.66

6.76n>.66

vnr.

5.66

6.<7

6.76

6.>5

6.?6

6.62

6.<7

?.66

b(d.)

b(d.)

G65

?50 ?5<?50 ?5<

>>. Dglka okacðikà

>>.> Dglkas lg vkln

@cnsk`n`kðh onsnln gh gc Pkstgdn lg Baclrkl -ig - >;2? qug gs gstrk`tndghtg gàcðik`n y qug

N gstrnta nroustkvaB gstrnta bgroî`ga

@n`tn`gng @nryapbyccn`gng



ig >;2?, qug gs gstrk`tndghtg gàcðik`n y quglghg gh eardn ùnhtktntkvn cn khtgrrgcn`kðh ghtrgcas en`targs `ckdîtkàs khlgpghlkghtgs: okatgd-pgrnturn, prg`kpktn`kðh y budglnl ndokghtnc, ycas en`targs okðtkàs lgpghlkghtgs: vgigtn`kðh ysugca pnrn cn lgtgrdkhn`kðh lg cns eardn`kahgsvgigtncgs gàcðik`ns a zahns lg vkln.

Cn zahn lg gstulka gvncunln (îrgn lgc prayg`tay îrgn lg khugh`kn) sg ghùghtrn uok`nln gh cn

zahn lg vkln:

Lgskgrta pgrîrkla- Dahtnha Onja Puotrapk-`nc lp-DOP (sgiúh AHG_H,>;95) Gstn zahn tkghg uhn ndpckn lkstrkou`kðh igairî-`n lghtra lg cn rgikðh àstgrn lgc pnäs, aù -pnhla cn par`kðh khegrkar g khtgrdglkn lgc nhàa``klghtnc nhlkha, ghtrg cas ?666 y ?<66 dshd,cn okatgdpgrnturn dglkn nhunc dîxkdn gs lg>5,<º@ y cn nhunc dglkn dähkdn lg >6,5º@.

Gc pradglka dîxkda lg prg`kpktn`kðh tatnc parnþa gs lg >6?,?dd (@A_VN@- Nrgqukpn) y gcpradglka dähkda lg 50,7 dd (Cn Vndpkccn- Nrg-qukpn) ca qug cn uok`n gh cn pravkh`kn lg budglnlVG_Î_KLA. Cn tapairîn sg `nrn`tgrkzn par sgrladkhnhtgdghtg n``klghtnln, àh pghlkghtgsprahuh`knlns, nctgrhnhla àh nciuhns îrgns lgtapairneän dîs sunvg.

>>.? Ecarn

Cn zahn lg gstulka sg ghùghtrn uok`nln gh gcVksa lg cns @n`tî`gns @acudhnrgs (sus cädktgsvnh lgslg cas ?666 n cas 0<66 dshd sgiúh wg-ogronugr, >;<7), c n vgigtn`kðh hnturnc gs gs`nsn,àh bkgrons nhuncgs lg vkln geädgrn, ladkhnhlairndähgns, nsä àda nroustas, suonroustas y`n`tî`gns lg cas iëhgras @grgus y Apuhtkn, cnErnhsgrkn erutkàsn `rg`g gh eardn lkspgrsn aghtrgdgz`cnln àh atrns pcnhtns.

Pg ghàhtrnrah ?9 gspg`kgs nirupnlns gh ?<iëhgras, >< endkckns, >> ðrlghgs, 60 `cnsgs y60 lkvkskahgs. Gh gc arlghndkghta lg cas irupastnxahðdkàs sg utkckzð gc skstgdn lg `cnsk`n`kðhlg @rahqukst (Jahgs y Cu`bskhigr, >;9;). Lg gs-tns gspg`kgs,>0 àrrgspahlgh nc gstrnta nroustkvay >< nc gstrnta bgroî`ga.

Cns ?9 gspg`kgs klghtk`nlns ha sg ghùghtrnh`cnsk`nlns gh nciuhn `ntgiarän lg àhsgrvn`kðhlg nùgrla nc _gicndghta lg @ahsgrvn`kðh lgEcarn y Enuhn Pkcvgstrg, npraonla par lg`rgtaPuprgda Hº >72-99 NI, skh gdonria sg rgpartnh? gspg`kgs ghlëdk`ns `gr`n nc îrgn lg khugh -`kn lgc prayg`ta, par ca qug sg lgogrî tadnr ghùghtn ha nctgrnr su bnoktnt.

Eki.>20 @ntîcaia vksunc lg gspg`kgs lg arn ghàhtrnlns ghgc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh. Eughtg: Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta

Ndokghtnc pnrn gc _gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ûgornlnBahln, AHI Cnoar & DVN - ?662.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

Gpbglrn`gng

Krklkn`gng

Ornssk`n`gng

Nstgrn`gng

Oarnikhn`gng

Cansn`gng Pacnhn`gng

N

N

N N

B

N

N N N N

N

B

B

B B

B B

B

Apuhtkn aratkccn (P`budnhh gx Unupgc) On`mgogri Arga`grgus bgdpgcknhus(Iugrmg) L. Buht @arrya`n`tus puqukghsks _nub & On`m Apuhtkn spbngrk`n Eagrstgr

Gpbglrn ndgrk`nhn Budoaclt & Oahpcnhl gx Ykcclghaw

Ndoraskn nrtgdkskaklgs

Dgygh & Yncpgrs

Ornssk`n ndpgstrks(C.)

Dghtzgckn arlkeackn Ladogy gx Wronh & Ikci

Ornssk`n sp. Lgsùrnkhkn sp.

Gxalgàhus nvus Pacnhud pbyccndtud

Vg`ta`nryn nhadncn K.D.Jabhstah

\kqukckn gcahintn(_usoy) N. _k`bnrlsah

Ia`bhntkn nrgqukpghsks

Pnhlwktb.

Bgcaiyhg strndkhgn

(L.@) O. _aokhsah

@ypgccn yrtapbyccn(K.D. Jabhstah) Lkcgs

Gh`gckn nhgs`ghs

(@nv.)

y p y

Gquksgtn`gngVcnhtnikhn`gng

Hy`tnikhn`gngDncvn`gng

Van`gng _GKHA EWHIK

B

B

BN

B

B

N

Gquksgtud ikinhtgud(C.)

Dkrnokcks sp.

Ppgriucnrkn ens`kùcntn Vbkckppk Ygogronugra`grgus wgogronugrk (P`budnhh gx Unupgc) O.

\nigtgs ductkarn

B.O.M.

Grnirastks wgogronugrk Vkcigr

Dyàpbyàtn (Cäqughgs)

Ukiukgrn pnzghsks

_usoy

N

B

\nrnsn apgrùcntn(@nvnhkccgs) Mrnpavk`mns

Vcnhtnia ckhgnrks B.O.M.

?57 ?55?57 ?55

NUGP>>.0 Enuhn

Cn enuhn skcvgstrg lgc îrgn lgc prayg`ta gs



Dgtrkapgckn g`kckng(@NP@NOGCK\N)

@ntbnrtgs nurn(INCCKHNZA @NOGZN _AJN)

Cniklkud pgrunhud(UKZ@N@BN)

Lusk`yah ucpngus(ZA__A)

Nmalah sp.(_AGLA_ VG^WGÞA)

Encà spnrvgrkus(@G_HÄ@NCA)

Dus`ksnxkàcn khgrgn(LA_DKCAHN @GHK@KGH\N)

Encà pgrlgcks(BNC@ÐH)

Ntbghg uhkùcnrkn(CG@BWZN LG CAP N_GHNCGP)

Pk`ncks ackvns`ghs(@BACCAH@A ACKUÎ@GA)

Dgtrkapgckn dgcnhaptgrn(\Ð_\ACN @A_LKCCG_NHN)

@acudokhn ruzknhn(\Ð_\ACN VG_WNHN)

@acudoklng

DNDÄEG_AP

@ntbnrtklng

@bkh`bkccklng @nhklng @rk`gcklng

\yrnhhklng

Encàhklng

Ptrkiklng

Gdogrkzklng

Cn enuhn skcvgstrg lgc îrgn lgc prayg`ta gs`nrn`tgrästk`n lg uhn zahn îrkln ‐lgsër-tk`n nlnptnln n cn gs`nsn prgsgh`kn lgvgigtn`kðh y onjns prg`kpktn`kahgs. Pg bnhklghtk`nla >9 gspg`kgs àrrgspalkghtgs n>? endkckns. Pgiúh N. Orn`m , >;26 , cn enuhngstnrän uok`nln lghtra lg cn zahn zaaiga-irî`n lg

Pgrrnhän Gstgpnrkn gh cn suozahn lgcoasqug rnca pgrghhkeacka.

Hkhiuhn lg cns gspg`kgs lgs`rktns gs ghlë-dk`n a sg ghùghtrn gh nciuhn `ntgiaränlg àhsgrvn`kðh lg nùgrla nc _gicndghtalg @ahsgrvn`kðh lg Ecarn y Enuhn Pkcvgstrgnpraonla par L.P. Hº>72-99 NI.

Eki.>2< @ntîcaia vksunc lg gspg`kgs lg enuhnghàhtrnlns gh gc îrgn lg khtgrvgh`kðh.Eughtg: Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta Ndokghtnc pnrn gc_gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln, AHICnoar & DVN - ?662. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn?6>6.

Ckacngdus sp.(CNIN_\KJN)

\rapklurus pgruvknhus(CNIN_\KJN)

Vbyccatks Lnrwkh / Vbyccatks dniästgr(_AGLA_GP VG^WGÞAP)

_balapks vgspgr(VK@NECA_ @ACN BA_^WKCCNLN)

@nrlugcks dnigccnhk`n(JKCIWG_A LG @NOGZN HGI_N)

Zahatrk`bkn npghsks(\NHMN)

_GV\KCGP

\rapklurklng

Erkhikcklng

\ra`bkcklng

?59 ?52?59 ?52

>?.?Igalkhîdk`n khtgrhn

>?.>Igalkhîdk`n gxtgrhn

>?. Gvncun`kðh lg rkgsias

C

I G

G

C



Igalkhîdk`n khtgrhn

_kgsia NhtrðpkàLnln cn gr`nhän nc paocnla lg [urn (7md)nsä ada nc rg`kdkghta lg Nrgqukpn pargc @aha Hartg (7md), gs qug gstn zahngstnrän sujgtn n cns khvnskahgs kheardncgsy rurncgs lgc tgrrgha, qug ahstktuygh uhnndghnzn qug lgog sgr tadnln ah du`ba`gca, pnrn tadnr cns dglklns prgvghtkvnsnlgùnlns.

_kgsia par Vra`gsas PäsdkàsVar gstnr sktunlas gh uhn rgikðh nctndghtgsäsdk`n (n46.?i), gc pgckira lg khgstn-okcklnl lg sugcas lgog sgr tadnla àhùklnla par cn ncklnl lg cas lgpðsktaskhàhsacklnlas gh supgr`kg (sugcas: ? d.lg gspgsar= Lr4?2.77%= n46.?i), par ca

qug lgogrî prgvgrsg gc adpartndkghtalkhîdkà lgc eutura rgccgha snhktnrka.

_kgsia par N`tkvklnl Uac`îhk`nCn dnyar pnrtg lg gstulkas lg pgckira

vac`îhkà sg bn onsnla tadnhla gh ah-sklgrn`kðh nc vac`îh Dkstk (gc úhkà n`tkvagh cn zahn) y lg nùgrla n gcca, gc îrgn lggstulka, sg ghùghtrn uok`nln lghtra lguhn zahn lg Vgckira Dghar, ndghnznlnsaca par cn `näln lg `ghkzns.

Igalkhîdk`n gxtgrhn

Lgsckzndkghtas y rgptn`kðhCn prgsgh`kn lg ahas ncuvkncgs sah casprkh`kpncgs khlk`ntkvas lg rgda`kðh lg dnsns=skghla gc dns patgh`knc lg n`tkvn`kðh gc ca`n-ckznla gh cn dnrigh kzqukgrln lg ugornlnBahln, gh cn nog`grn lg cn pghgpcnhk`kg=lk`ba aha ha gs skdëtrkà, dastrnhla uhngcahin`kðh bn`kn gc sur. Cn dnrigh lgrg`bnlgc îrgn lg gstulka ha prgsghtn îrgns lgtnculgs eugrtgs qug puglnh kdpck`nr pgckira lglgsckzndkghta saorg cn pghgpcnhk`kg, gstnhlakh`cusa ahtracnln par uhn lgprgskðh sunvgpgra ndpckn. Pg dkhkdkznrän su rkgsia gvktnh-la skdpcgdghtg ha rgnckznr hkhiuhn kherngs-tru`turn gr`nhn n gstn cnlgrn.

LgsprghlkdkghtasGh gc pcnha igadareacðikà, sg sgþncn trgsprkh`kpncgs gs`nrpns lahlg bnh aùrrklalgsprghlkdkghtas lg ra`n= cas uncgs sahca`nckznlas y npnrghtgdghtg ha kdpck`nhdnyar pgckira.

_knlns a nvghklnsGxkstg gh cn zahn ùrsas lg niun qug sacaghtrnh gh n`tkvklnl gh cns ëpa`ns lg prg`kpk-tn`kahgs pcuvkncgs ahstktuyëhlasg cn dnyaränlg gccas gh qugornlns pgqugþns skghla cnûgornln Bahln cn qug rgvkstg kdpartnh`knpar tghgr cns nrn`tgrästk`ns lg räa par gc eugr-tg tarrghtg qug lgog trngr gh ëpa`n lg ccuvkn.

Khuhln`kahgsCns khuhln`kahgs gh cn zahn lg gstulka

puglg prgsghtnrsg gh `nsas lg prg`k-pktn`kahgs dîxkdns prkh`kpncdghtg ghcn nog`grn lg cn zahn lg gstulka gh gcqug sg ghùghtrn gc `nu`g lg ûgornlnBahln y uh aha ncuvknc arkikhnla par uhtarrghtg qug onjn lg cns gstrkon`kahgs lgcàrtnlgrns.

_kgsia gh Niuns PuotgrrîhgnsVar cas gstulkas igaeäskà, ha gxkstg

hkhiuhn hnpn ergîtk`n gr`nhn n cas 76dlg praeuhlklnl, par ca qug ha gxkstg cn kd-pck`nh`kn lg ahtndkhn`kðh lg nciúh nùä-egra, g kh`cusa ah cn prgsgh`kn lgc dn`kzaraàsa (Uac`îhkà Onrrasa) lgs`rkta ghtaln gc îrgn lg gstulka sg gvktn ùncqukgrpaskokcklnl lg ahtndkhn`kðh yn sg gstnrknàdpartnhla ada gc dntgrknc kdpgrdgn-ocg lgc paskocg rgccgha snhktnrka.

_kgsia gh Niuns Pupgr`kncgsGh ca qug sg rggrg nc rkgsia lg àhtndk-

hn`kðh lg niuns supgr`kncgs, gstg palränsgr prava`nla par gc trnscnla lg onsurnpar cas vkghtas y narndkghta pastgrkarlg cas ckxkvknlas qug sg lgpasktnränh ghcas nu`gs lg cas qugornlns, tndokëh ghëpa`ns lg ccuvkn gstg dntgrknc sgrkn nrrns-trnla bnstn ccginr niuns nonja nc räa @bkckprava`nhla su ahtndkhn`kðh. Vnrn hgslg gvktnr gstn paskocg ahtndkhn`kðh, sglgog inrnhtkznr gc ha trnscnla lg onsurnpar geg`tas lgc vkghta y gh gc `nsa lg casckxkvknlas sg tghlrî qug prgvgrsg cn khern-gstru`turn hg`gsnrkn pnrn su nptn`kðh ypastgrkar trntndkghta.

Graskðh lg rkogrnCns dns praocgdîtk`ns sah khlulnocgdgh-

tg cns qug sg prgsghtnh gh cas oarlgs lgcn pghgpcnhk`kg, n`tkvnlns par ugornlnBahln ugornln Oughn vkstn y trkoutnrkas.

Graskðh lg @îr`nvns\ndokëh praocgdîtk`ns pugs sah cas khlk-

`nlargs lg dnyargs irnlas lg graskðh,sg prgsghtnh tnhta gh cas àhas pcuvkncgsàda gh cns lgprgskahgs gxkstghtgs gh cnpghgpcnhk`kg.

_kgsia par N`tkvklnl Gðck`nCn n`tkvklnl gðck`n lg cn zahn lg gstulka

gs kdpartnhtg par sgr uhn lg cns prkh-

`kpncgs n`tkvklnlgs dalgcnlarns lg sudareacaiän. Cn aogrturn lg sugca prgsghtggh taln cn pcnhk`kg gs lgokla gh irnh pnrtgn cn n`tkvklnl graskvn lg cas vkghtas= pgralahlg kdpck`nränh uh rkgsia dähkda gs ghcn zahn lg cnlgrn lgc nhà lgrg`ba lgcn pcnhk`kg, yn qug gh nciuhas sg`targs sgnprg`kn gc vac`îhkà Pgh``n, qug par sus`nrn`tgrästk`ns paà adpn`tns, gstîh ghàhstnhtg graskðh gðck`n y qug gh nciúhdadghta puglgh lgsgstnokckznr gc dn`kzaraàsa qug sg ghùghtrn gh`kdn, prava-`nhla nsä lgsckzndkghtas qug pahlränhgh pgckira cn zahn lgc paskocg rgccghasnhktnrka.

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Eki.>27 Nhîcksks lg _kgsias pralu`ta lg cnigalkhîdk`n gxtgrhn g khtgrhn lgc îrgnlg Gstulka. Eughtg: Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta

Ndokghtnc pnrn gc _gccgha Pnhktnrka lgûgornln Bahln, AHI Cnoar & DVN -?662. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

vac`îh dkstk

?7 Md. n rntgr

?5; ?96?5; ?96

>0. Gvncun`kðh lg sghskokcklnlgs & kdpn`ta ndokghtnc



Gc gheaqug a npraxkdn`kðh utkckznla

pnrn cn klghtk`n`kðh y gvncun`kðh lg

cas kdpn`tas ndokghtncgs lgc Vrayg`ta

àrrgspahlg gh prkdgrn khstnh`kn, n

uhn praspg``kðh lg cas paskocgs geg`tas

onsnlas gh gxpgrkgh`kns lg khtgrvgh`kðh

skdkcnrgs y nc lknihðstkà ndokghtnc lgcsktka, ah cn kheardn`kðh pra`gsnln lgc

ghtarha ndokghtnc sg pra`glg n ahtrns-

tnr cns n`tkvklnlgs lgc prayg`ta gh eardn

qug sg gvklgh`kgh a klghtkqugh cas kd-

pn`tas patgh`kncgs qug sg ighgrnränh gh

`nln adpahghtg ndokghtnc gstulknla.

Vnrn rgnckznr gstë nhîcksks gh eardn

skstgdîtk`n y nlgùnln sg bn prgpnrnla

uhn sgrkg lg dntrk`gs lg kdpn`ta (D.

Cgapacl) gh onsg n cas skiukghtgs ad-

pahghtgs ndokghtncgs, ahsacklnlns gh gc

ùnlra lg cns pîikhns suoskiukghtgs.:

>) Nkrg

?) Niun supgr`knc a bklracaiän0) Niun suotgrrîhgn a bklraigacaiän

<) Pugca

7) Ecarn

5) Enuhn

9) Vnksnjg

2) Budnha

;) Vaocn`kðh

>6) Gàhadän

N ca cnria lgc prayg`ta, sg gspgrnh kd-

pn`tas n hkvgc lg cas àdpahghtgs nd-

okghtncgs tnhta gh cns ensgs lg àhstru`-

`kðh, apgrn`kðh y dnhtghkdkghta, ada

gh cn cnusurn y past-`cnusurn. Vnrn su

gvncun`kðh, sg bnh tadnla gh ughtn cns`nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc prayg`ta, gc îrgn lg

khugh`kn, cas prkh`kpncgs nspg`tas lgc

prayg`ta qug àhstktuygh eughtgs lg àh-

tndkhn`kðh y nrn`tgrästk`ns ndokghtncgs

lgc îrgn gh cn qug sg rgnckzn gc prayg`ta.

Nlk`kahncdghtg lgogrî tadnrsg gh unh-

tn qug gstn gs uhn prkdgrn gvncun`kðh n

prkark lg cas paskocgs kdpn`tas yn qug

lgogrî rgnckznrsg uh Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta

Ndokghtnc gxbnustkva nc hnc lg cn ensg

lg lksgþa nrquktg`tðhkà tnc y ada sg

bn lgtgrdkhnla gh gc unlra dgtgaracð-

ikà gh npätucas nhtgrkargs.

Gstn prkdgrn npraxkdn`kðh ndokghtnclgogrî sgrvkr ada dnrà prgvghtkva nc

dadghta lg adghznr cns suoskiukghtgs

gtnpns lg lksgþa, rglu`kghla cn kh`grtk-

ludorg lg kdpn`tas y dkhkdkznhla cas

geg`tas lg dktkin`kðh euturn.

Lurnhtg cn ensg lg ahstru``kðh y apg-

rn`kðh gs prgvkskocg cn gdkskðh lg pacva

n pnrtkr lg cns n`tkvklnlgs rgcn`kahnlns

àh cn prgpnrn`kðh lgc sktka, khstncn`kðh

lg kherngstru`turn, trnhspartg, adpn`tn-

`kðh y sgccnla lgc rgccgha lg dnhgrn qug

puglg lnrsg uh ckigra kh`rgdghta gh cn

àh`ghtrn`kðh lg VP\ (pnrtäùcns lg pac-

va gh suspghskðh) qug sg vgh envarg`k-lns par cns àhlk`kahgs ndokghtncgs lgc

cuinr par ca qug gc kdpn`ta sgrî dähkda,

skh gdonria, cn gdkskðh lg insgs sucebä-

lrkàs y dgtnhas nctndghtg khndnocgs

pralu`kränh kdpn`tas ha saca gh cn `n-

cklnl lgc nkrg skha qug tndokëh palränh

neg`tnr cn sncul y okghgstnr lgc pgrsahnc

`gr`nha nc prayg`ta.

Gh gstg sghtkla cn kdpcgdghtn`kðh g khs-

tncn`kðh lg bkdghgns pnrn su rgàcg`-

`kðh khdglkntn nyulnrî n dkhkdkznr nsk

gh su tatncklnl gstas rkgsias.

Gs paskocg tndokëh qug gc rukla pravg-

hkghtg lgc trnhspartg pgrturog n cn gs`nsnenuhn skcvgstrg, pralu`kghla ndokas gh

su lkstrkou`kðh y adpartndkghta.

Gh rgcn`kðh n cn përlkln lgc sugca par a-

ogrturn a rgda`kðh tgdparnc, gcca lgtgr-

dkhnrän cn graskðh g khgstnokcklnl lg cns

îrgns qug pgrdnhgz`nh gxpugstns, gsta

kdpck`n cn përlkln lg aogrturn vgigtnc y

àhsgùghtgdghtg cn nctgrn`kðh

lg dktkin`kðh, gc usa lg të`hk`ns lg

rgbnokcktn`kðh nprapknlns, dglknhtg cn

rgeargstn`kðh y rgpaocndkghta enuhästkà

y arästkà qug n cnria pcnza gqukvnclrän

n uh pasktkva kdpn`ta gh gc dglka oka-

cðikà lg cn zahn= qug ahtrnrrgstrnh cas

geg`tas arrgspahlkghtg n cns prkdgrnsgtnpns lg lgsnrracca lgc prayg`ta.

Cn ncklnl lgc pnksnjg tatnc sg vgrî neg`-

tnln par cn kdpcgdghtn`kðh lg cn kherngs-

tru`turn lgc prayg`ta y par cns n`tkvkln-

lgs lg cn dksdn. Gc kdpn`ta saorg sus

àdpahghtgs (cn tapairneän, sugca, niun,

vgigtn`kðh y enuhn) nctgrnh su hnturnck-

lnl. Var atra cnla, cas ruklas ahtkhuas,

gdkskðh lg pacva, buda, insgs, gs lg`kr,

nkrg ahtndkhnla, nctgrnrî cns nrn`tgräs-

tk`ns vksuncgs lgc pnksnjg. Vnrn dkhkdkznr

gstas kdpn`tas sg tghlrî qug prgvgr pcn-

hgs lg rgeargstn`kðh ah gspg`kgs hntkvns

y gc lksgþa lg kherngstru`turns nlnptnlnsn cns ahlk`kahgs ca`ncgs.

Gh ùnhta nc vncar lgc sugca, n pgsnr lg

su ahlk`kðh grknzn, par cn ahsklgrn`kðh

lgc prayg`ta gh sä, kdpck`nrî uh ndoka

lg usa qug trngrî ada ahsgùgh`kn

vncarkzn`kðh par cn dalgrnln n`tkvklnl

gàhðdk`n. Var atra cnla, cn n`tkvklnl

lgc prayg`ta ahccgvn n cn ighgrn`kðh lg

hudgrasns apartuhklnlgs cnoarncgs.

Cas kdpn`tas n cn sncul y sgiurklnl

aùpn`kahnc sah dähkdas par cn kdpcg-

dghtn`kðh lg pcnhgs qug inrnhtk`gh cn

sncul aùpn`kahnc y dglklns lg sgiurk-lnl lurnhtg cns n`tkvklnlgs lgc prayg`ta,

n h lg pratgigr n cas gdpcgnlas ahtrn

lnþas y n``klghtgs gh gc ghtra lg

trnonja.

Gs kdpartnhtg dgh`kahnr qug cas kdpn`-

tas hgintkvas nc ndokghtg pralu`klas par

cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg rgskluas sðcklas

sg dkhkdkznh nc sgr trntnlas nlgùnln-

dghtg gh uh _gccgha Pnhktnrka .

lg tgrrktarka pnrn cn enuhn skcvgstrg y cns

àhlk`kahgs arkikhncgs lgc pnksnjg, skh

gdonria, cn kdpartnh`kn lg cas kdpn`tas

nc sugca rnlk`n gh cn ahtndkhn`kðh lg

gstas par cn khctrn`kðh lg ckxkvknlas

lurnhtg cn ensg apgrn`kðh. Vnrn dkhk-

dkznr gstn ahtndkhn`kðh sg bnorî lg prgvgr gc igadgdornhnla lg supgr-

`kgs, lrghgs lg nptn`kðh y pazns lg

trntndkghta lg cns dksdas.

Gc en`tar bälrkà rgegrkla n niuns su-

pgr`kncgs gstn`kahncgs, (ccuvkns gspa-

rîlk`ns), suerkrän ckigras ndokas gh cn

àhiurn`kðh lg lrghnjgs y dalk`n-

`kðh lgc nu`g hnturnc par cn khstncn`kðh

lg nhncgs lg lgsvkn`kðh lg niun, gsta

nyulnrî n dnhtghgr gc îrgn lgc prayg`-

ta ckorg lg ujas lg khuhln`kðh qug ca

pahinh gh rkgsia.

Gh unhta n cns niuns suotgrrîhgns, n 76

dgtras lg praeuhlklnl ha sg bn ghàh-trnla nùäegras, pgsg n gcca, erghtg n cn

supugstn prgsgh`kn lg niuns suotgrrîhgns

n praeuhlklnlgs dnyargs qug palränh

sgr ahtndkhnlns par cn khctrn`kðh

lg uja lg ckxkvknlas gs qug sg palrän

kdpn`tnr cns niuns n cnria pcnza, lg

dala tnc qug gh gc lksgþa lgc prayg`ta

sg ahsklgrnh dglklns lg prgvgh`kðh n

trnvës lgc trntndkghta y aca`n`kðh lg cn

`npn kdpgrdgnokckznlarns.

_gegrghtg nc nhîcksks lg cas adpahgh-

tgs okðtkàs, cn rgda`kðh lg cn uokgrtn

vgigtnc, lgtgrdkhnrî cn përlkln lg cn

vgigtn`kðh nroustkvn y bgroî`gn täpk`nlg cn zahn, gcca kdpck`nrî cn ahsgùghtg

përlkln lg bnoktnt pnrn cns gspg`kgs lg

enuhn skcvgstrg y gc lgtgrkara lgc pnksnjg

hnturnc= sg gspgrnh tndokëh geg`tas

khlkrg`tas saorg cas arinhksdas n ah-

sgùgh`kn lg cn gdkskðh lg insgs, pacva,

rukla qug puglgh neg`tnr cn lkstrkou`kðh

lg cn vgigtn`kðh y cn enuhn lgc îrgn, cn

praonokcklnl lg gstas geg`tas gs kdpar-

tnhtg, rgàdghlîhlasg ada dglklns

?9> ?9??9> ?9?

N@\KUKLNLGP @AHP\_W@@KÐH AVG_N@KÐH & DNH\GHKDKGH\A @CNWPW_N [VAP\ @CNWPW_N \A\NCGP

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@lr.<0 Dntrkz lg Gvncun`kðh @unhtktntkvn lg paskocgs Kdpn`tas Ndokghtncgs (dntrkz lg Cgapacl) Eughtg: Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta Ndokghtnc pnrn gc _gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln, AHI Cnoar & DVN - ?662. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

+ kdpn`ta- kdpn`ta

kdpn`tas hgintkvas kdpn`tas pastkvas

- kdpn`ta

Uncar dîxkda lg skihk`nh`kn 4 >66 P4D x K = P 4 >6 x >6P(Pkihke`nh`kn)= D(Dnihktul)= K(Kdpartnh`kn)



@ADVAHGH\GPNDOKGH\NCGP

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D G L K A E Ä P K @ A

N K _ G

@ncklnl lg Nkrg - ? - ? - 0 - > - > - > - > - > - ? - > - 5 - >? - ; - < - ?7 - >? - 2 - >? > 2 < - ;6

Hkvgc lg pacva - ? - ? - 0 - > - > - > - > - > - ? - ; - < - 2 - >5 < - <9

Hkvgc lg rukla - > - < - < - > - > - > - > - > - ? - 5 - > - ; - >? > - <0

Hkvgc lg acargs - > - >? - > - 5 - ?7 - > - 5 > ; 0 - 0;

\A\NC NK_G - 7 - 2 - >6 - ? - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 7 6 - ?? - ?; - ?9 - >6 - 76 - ?; - ?6 - >2 6 ? ?? 9 6 - ?>;

\ K G _ _ N

@ncklnl lgc sugca - 5 - 2 - ; - > - 5 - 5 - > - 5 - 2 - < - ? - < - 5 - ?7 ? - ;6

Graskðh lgc sugca - ; - 2 - 2 - < - < - > - 5 - 2 - < - > - < - < - >5 ? - 9?

Lrghnjg lgc sugca - 5 - ; - 5 - 2 - ; - > - < - 5 - < - > - < - < - >5 ? - 9;

@npn`klnl niracðik`n - 5 - > - > - > - > - > - < - ? - > - > - < - > - ; - 00

\A\NC \KG__N - ?9 - ?5 - ?< - > - >; - ?6 - < - ?6 - ?< - >0 6 - 7 - >5 - >7 - 55 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 - ?9<

N I W N

Niun Pupgr`knc - 5 - 5 - < - < - ?6

Niun Puotgrrîhgn - < - < - < - ? > > - >?

\A\NC NIWN - >6 - >6 - 2 6 - 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 > > 6 6 - 0?

\A\NC DGLKA EÄPK@A - <? - << - <? - 0 - ?2 - ?0 - 9 - ?0 - ?9 - >2 6 - ?9 - <7 - <? - 95 - 76 - ?; - ?6 - >2 6 0 ?; 9 6 - 7?7

D G L K A O K Ð \ K @ A

E C A _ N

Nctgrn`kðh lg bîoktnts - >5 - 5 - ? - < - ? - > - > - > - > - > - < - > - > - ? 2 - 07

Vërlkln lg aduhklnlgs vgigtncgs - 5 - < - > - > - > - > - > - > - > - > - > - > - > < - >9

\A\NC ECA_N - ?? - >6 - 0 - 7 - 0 - ? - ? - ? 6 - ? 6 - > - 7 - ? - ? - 0 6 6 6 6 6 >? 6 6 - 7?

E N W H N Vërlkln lg bîoktnts - >5 - >? - 2 - 5 - > - > - > - > - > - 5 - > - < - < - 5 - > ? - 59

\A\NC ENWHN - >5 - >? - 2 - 5 - > - > - > - > 6 - > 6 - 5 - > 6 - < - < 6 - 5 - > 6 6 ? 6 6 - 59

\A\NC DGLKA OKÐ\K@A - 02 - ?? - >> - >> - < - 0 - 0 - 0 6 - 0 6 - 9 - 5 - ? - 5 - 9 6 - 5 - > 6 6 >< 6 6 - >>;

D G L K A

V G _ @ G V \ W N C

V N K P N J G

Nctgrn`kðh lgc pnksnjg - ?6 - >? - >? - < - < - < - < - 5 - < - 2 - ; - ?7 - < - 5 - < - < - < - 5 > >5 ; - >><

\A\NC VNKPNJG - ?6 - >? - >? - < - < - < - < - 5 - < - 2 6 - ; - ?7 - < - 5 - < - < - < - 5 6 > >5 ; 6 - >><

\A\NC DGLKA VG_@GV\WNC - ?6 - >? - >? - < - < - < - < - 5 - < - 2 6 - ; - ?7 - < - 5 - < - < - < - 5 6 > >5 ; 6 - >><

D G L K A P A @ K A - G @ A H

Ð D K @ A

B W

D N H A

@ncklnl lg Ukln - > - > - > - > - > - > - > - > - > 5 - ? - < - ? - < - 5 - ? - < - 2 >? 0 >? 5 >6 2

Pncul - > - > - ? - > - ? - ? - ? - ? - ? - ? 5 - ? - < - ? - < - 5 - ? - < - 5 ; ? >? < 2 - 5

Pgiurklnl - > - > - ? - > - ? - ? - ? - ? - ? - ? 5 - < - < - ? - < - 5 - > - < - 5 ; 0 ; 5 2 - 9\A\NC BWDNHA - 0 - 0 - 7 - 0 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - < >2 - 2 - >? - 5 - >? - >2 - 7 - >? - ?6 06 2 00 >5 ?5 - 7

V A O C N @ .

Gxpg`tntkvn lg Gdpcga < < 5 5 < < < 5 5 ; ; >5 >6 ; ; >6 ? ; >09

\A\NC VAOCN@KÐH < < 5 5 < < < 5 5 ; ; >5 >6 6 6 6 6 6 6 ; ; >6 ? ; >09

G @ A H A .

Uncar Pugca ? ? ? < < < < < < 5 ?6 - < - 5 - ? - >5 - 5 - < - < - < ?7 ; ?6 < ?6 22

\A\NC G@AHADÄN ? ? ? < < < < < < 5 ?6 - < - 5 - ? - >5 - 5 - < - < - < ?7 ; ?6 < ?6 22

\A\NC DGLKA PA@KA-G@AHÐDK@A 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 7 7 >> <9 < - 2 ? - ?2 - ?< - ; - >5 - ?< 5< ?5 50 ?? 77 ??6

KDVN@\A NDOKGH\NC \A\NC - ;9 - 97 - 5? - >> - 00 - ?9 - >> - ?9 - ?5 - >2 <9 - 0; - 2< - <5 - >>5 - 27 - <? - <5 - <; 5< 06 >?? 02 77 - 702

?90 ?9<

Bn skla gvklghtg n ca cnria lg cn prgsghtg khvgstkin`kðh cn nprgdknhtg sktun`kðh qug

ntrnvkgsn gc pnäs y gspg`kncdghtg cn kulnl lg Nrgqukpn ah rgspg`ta n cn Igstkðh

Khtgirnc lg _gskluas Wronhas qug pnsn lg sgr uh sg`tar ha khstktu`kahnckznla bn`kn

ighgrnlarn y lgc trnonjnlar kheardnc gh gc lgsnrracca prairndîtkà lg uh prayg`ta

qug lgogrî gstnr ghea`nla gh cn glu`n`kðh dglka-ndokghtnc, cn ah`kghtkzn`kðh lg

dnsns y gh cn rgùpgrn`kðh lg vncargs sa`ka ùcturncgs npaynlas gh cas prairndns lg

><. @ah`cuskahgs ehncgs (lg khvgstkin`kðh)



Khtgirnc lg _gskluas Wronhas qug pnsn lg sgr uh sg`tar ha khstktu`kahnckznla bn`kn

uhn hardntkvn cgvg y paà të`hk`n.

Lg tnc eardn pnrg`grän khdkhghtg ah`cukr qug talas cas en`targs juginh n envar lg

cn pgrdnhgh`kn lg uhn kheardncklnl prgstnocg`kln y lgc dnhtghkdkghta lg uh stntu

qua khgculkocgdghtg pgrjulk`knc pnrn cas kulnlnhas y trnonjnlargs lg gstg sg`tar.

Var gc ahtrnrka gstas vn`kas hardntkvas sah cn prkh`kpnc gxùsn pnrn gjgr`gr uhn

nrquktg`turn dîs ckorg y adpcgtndghtg rg-eardntkvn, lahlg cns hugvns khk`kntkvns lgbkorkln`kðh prairndîtk`n bnorîh lg gstnocg`gr gc sustghta të`hkà qug tnhta sg hg`g-

sktn gh uh sg`tar ha saca npnrtnla lgc îdokta nrquktg`tðhkà skha tndokëh lgc pcnha

jurälkà, gàhðdkà, iuogrhndghtnc y gsgh`kncdghtg lgc sa`ka-ùcturnc.

Vnrtkùcnrdghtg cas gstulkas lg cas rgskluas uronhas lg cn kulnl bnh lgjnla trnscu-

`kr uhn ndpckn tghlgh`kn n cn ighgrn`kðh lg ariîhkàs, pcîstkàs y pnpgcgs par saorg

atra tkpa lg _W, puhta n envar n ahsklgrnr nc dadghta lg gherghtnr gc lksgþa yn qug

sah lg eî`kc dnhgja y trntndkghta erghtg n atra tkpa lg __ du`ba dîs àdpcgjas y

àhtndkhnhtgs. Nsä dksda gc bg`ba lg tghgr uhn ndpckn ighgrn`kðh n pnrtkr lg eugh-

tgs ladëstk`ns y adgr`kncgs en`kcktnrî cn sgpnrn`kðh gh arkigh y uhn ndpckn àogrtu-

rn lg rgàja, kdpartnhtgs nc dadghta lg sustghtnr cn euh`kahncklnl y apgrntkvklnl lg

gstg tkpa lg khstncn`kahgs, yn qug uh pralu`ta arrg`tndghtg sgpnrnla y lg ahstnhtguja nsgiurnh uh euh`kahndkghta g`kghtg y gàhðdk`ndghtg sastghkocg gh cnrias

pgrkalas lg tkgdpa.

Khgculkocgdghtg bn quglnla ahstntnln cn hg`gsklnl lg uh Vcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh`kn

qug lgogrî aojgtkvkznr dîs g`kghtgdghtg cas lkstrktas n cas qug bnorî lg sgrvkr yn

qug gh du`bas nsas, lgokla n cn gr`nhän nc prayg`ta su usa sg vg khhg`gsnrka. Ha

lgogdas acvklnr qug cn pcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh`kn has pgrdktg ah`ghtrnr nctas tahgcn-

jgs lg __ rglu`kghla àstas lg trnhspartg par tahgcnln ighgrnln, lahlg su usa ha

saca gs ahlk`kahnla par cns lkstnh`kns rgàrrklns skha tndokëh par cn nhtklnl lg

rgskluas trnhspartnlas par vknjg.

Cugia lg uh pra`gsa lg nhîcksks gxbnustkva lg cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg _W, sg bn pa-

lkla lgtgrdkhnr egbn`kghtgdghtg gc lg`kghtg dnhgja y rglu`kla rktgrka të`hkà lg

hugstrns nutarklnlgs qug bnh aptnla par aùctnr onja khnprapknlns aogrturns tërrgns

cas vgstkikas lg cns dncns igstkahgs khstktu`kahncgs, gh lgtrkdghta lg cns ahlk`ka-

hgs eäsk`ns lg sus ncrglglargs. Gc nsa qug has nusð dîs nsadora gs gc rgegrkla nc

oatnlgra lg Vndpn Cn Gstrgccn qug bn trkpck nla su supgr`kg gh uh pgrkala dghar

n skgtg nþas, sktun`kðh qug tndokëh vkghg su`glkghla ah du`bas atras oatnlgras lgcn kulnl y qug nhtg cn prgsgh`kn lg uhn irnh îrgn lg vgrtkla ahtracnln tghlgrî n uh

`gsg lghktkva.

Gs nsä qug, cn Igstkðh lg _W ha saca lgogrän ahsklgrnr cas pralu`tas ighgrnlas

skha tndokëh qukgh cas ighgrn y qukgh cas pra`gsn= lg nbä cn pa`n kdpartnh`kn nc

en`tar budnha nc dadghta lg cn gcnoarn`kðh lg pcnhgs y prayg`tas. Lg tnc eardn,

pnrtkùcnrdghtg, ahsklgrndas lg prkdn hg`gsklnl cn khàrparn`kðh lg cn paocn`kðh

dnsns y gh cn rgùpgrn`kðh lg vncargs sa`ka-ùcturncgs npaynlas gh cas prairndns lg

rgàhvgrskðh cnoarnc y pnrtk`kpn`kðh kulnlnhn qug bnorîh lg sgr kdpcgdghtnlas gh

talns hugstrns khstncn`kahgs.

Gc nhîcksks lg cns lkhîdk`ns khtgrhns bn lgdastrnla cns nctns patgh`kncklnlgs lgc sktka

gsàikla sustghtnlns prkh`kpncdghtg gh su cgjnhän n ghtras paocnlas, ahstnhtg

uja lg nkrgn`kðh, ahlk`kahgs lg onjn pcuvkadgträn y ahlk`kahgs igadareacðik`ns

klðhgns pnrn gc nkscndkghta hnturnc lg cas _W ah rgspg`ta n cns hnpns ergîtk`ns, ghgstg nsa lg irnh praeuhlklnl.

Nsä dksda lgogrîh ahsklgrnrsg pnrtkùcnrgs gstrntgikns lg khtgrvgh`kðh gh gc sktka

qug rgspgtgh cns zahns lg rkgsias gstnocg`klns, cns gsàrrghtäns supgr`kncgs y cn

tghlgh`kn tapairî`n hnturnc lgc tgrrgha nc dadghta lg ca`nckznr cn glkck`kn, npra-

vg`bnhla nc dîxkda cns ahlk`kahgs hnturncgs y nsä dkhkdkznr cas kdpn`tas gh gc

ghtarha, npck`nhla uh gheaqug lg dîxkda npravg`bndkghta y g`kgh`kn gàhðdk`n.

Lg ca nhtgrkardghtg gxpugsta, gs eî`kc àh`cukr qug cns kherngstru`turns dnyargs

lgogrîh lg gstnr ca`nckznlns gh cn pcnhk`kg ghtrnc pastgrkar n cns cähgns eërrgns y

lgpðsktas nhtrapaiëhkàs lgc Oatnlgra lg Cn Vns`nhn qug lgogrî lg sgr hncdghtg

`cnusurnla y rgbnokcktnla, ncgjîhlasg prulghtgdghtg lg cn Zahn lg ugornln Bahln.

Gstn îrgn nc rgprgsghtnr cn zahn lg dnyar rkgsia lgogrî sgr trntnln ahvghkghtgdghtg

pnrn gvktnr euturas lgsckzndkghtas, rglu`kghla sus `nrins gstru`turncgs y en`kcktnhlagc lrghnjg hnturnc lg cns `nrins pcuvkadëtrk`ns pravghkghtgs lg cn pcnhk`kg.

Nsä dksda lgogrîh lg sgr npravg`bnlas cns pghlkghtgs hnturncgs qug cn tapairneän

has aerg`g tnhta pnrn gc lrghnjg supgr`knc eutura ada pnrn cn rgàcg``kðh lg cas

ckxkvknlas pralu`klas par cas hugvas lgpðsktas.

Ekhncdghtg, gs lg pnrtkùcnr prgaùpn`kðh gc hkvgc lg kdpn`ta y dalk`n`kðh lgc

pnksnjg qug khbgrghtgdghtg gstî rgcn`kahnln n gstg tkpa lg khtgrvgh`kahgs, par ca ùnc

lgogrîh lg sgr gstulknlns nutgcasndghtg cns gtnpns lg gx`nvn`kðh y davkdkghta lg

tkgrrns tnhta gh cns ensgs lg ahstru``kðh y euh`kahndkghta, lg tnc eardn qug n cnria

pcnza sg rgluz`nh cas kdpn`tas prkh`kpncdghtg gh cn arn, enuhn, sugca y nkrg= rg a-

ha`klas ada cas gcgdghtas dîs sus`gptkocgs n sgr neg`tnlas gh gstg prayg`ta.

Lg gstn eardn, gs lg sudn kdpartnh`kn cn rgbnokcktn`kðh lgc pnksnjg eutura, qug lgog

khàrparnr uh pcnh pnrn cn rgn`kðh lg hugvas bîoktnts hnturncgs y dnhtghgr cns eugh-

tgs lg trnonja qug sg bnh kla ighgrnla n ca cnria lg tala gc prayg`ta y qug prapk`kghsu pgrdnhgh`kn uhn vgz bnyn niatnla su vkln útkc.

Ekhncdghtg, ada taln prapugstn qug bn lg uorkr y gxpcarnr nspg`tas hugvas y

lg gspg`knc khtgrgsgs gh cn àduhklnl ca`nc, hn`kahnc a kh`cusa khtgrhn`kahnc, sg

gvklgh`kn cn hg`gsklnl lg npgrturn bn`kn n uhn hugvn tkpacaiän bäorkln lg nrî`tgr

khlustrknc, uya ëxkta saca palrî sgr tgstgnla y rgàhrdnla n ca cnria lgc tkgdpa,

skrvkghla ada ndpa lg prugons pnrn khk`kntkvns euturns.

WHKUG_PKLNL HN@KAHNC LG PNH NIWP\ÄHEnùctnl lg Nrquktg`turn y Wronhksda



\gsks prgsghtnln par

On`b. Nrq.@nrcas Nhtahka Ncahsa Onrtgsnibk Ma`

pnrn aptnr par gc \ätuca Vraegskahnc lg Nrquktg`ta

Lkrg`tar lg tgsksNrq. Justa Wcrk`b Znhnorkn Ajgln

Nrgqukpn - Vgrú?6>>

Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta y lkspask`kðhhnc lg cas rgskluas uronhas lg Nrgqukpn

dgtrapacktnhn

_g`k`cnjg-Pkstëdk`a

Vnrtg KKV_A[G@\A

?92?99?99

>.> @ahsklgrn kahgs pnrn cn sgcg` kðh lg sktka

– Cas nrquktg`tasl

>. Gvncun`kahgs prgckdkhnrgs(Wok`n kðh lg prayg`ta npraonln sgiúh rgicndghta)

\kpa Khlk`nlar Vnrîdgtra lgc Cuinr Vnrîdgtra nldktkla

\ k l ct >66 % l t k >66% l t k k k t t



prapugstnuronhn UK K K

qha khvghtnh hnln,saca trnhseardnh cn rgncklnl — ] Îcvnra Pkzn T

\ g

h g h ` k n , p r a p k g l n l y ` a d p n t k o k c k -

l n l l g u s a

\ghgh`kn lgc tgrrgha >66 % lg tghgh`kn >66% lg tghgh`kn, skh ahk`tas prgsghtgs

Wsa lgc tgrrgha & zahk`n`kðh

- Wsa adpntkocg ah Vcnh Lkrg`tar: Îrgn lg Gx-

pnhskðh Wronhn, Puo-îrgn lg ndartkiundkghta,

sgiurklnl y pnksnjg hnturnc. L.N. H¶><9/DDC.

- >66 % tgrrgha grknza.

>66% usa adpntkocg ah _Pn.

>66% lgc îrgn lgog sgr tgrrgha grknza

@adpntkokcklnl ah gc

Vcnh lg IK_W

>66% lgc tgrrgha lghtra lg îrgn ahsklgrnlns par

pcnhgs lg igstkðh lg rgskluas.>66 % lg àdpntkokcklnl.

_gstas nrqugacðikàs HA V_GPGH\N HA pgrdktkla

Îrgn hnturncgs pratgiklns HA V_GPGH\N HA pgrdktkla

@ a h l k ` k a h g s e ä s k ` a - i g a i r î ` n s y l g s g i u r k l n l

\ndnþa lg tgrrgha ?<6 Bns. >66 Bns. n dîs

Ukln útkc lg tgrrgha ?6 - ?7 nþas 7 n dîs

@ahlk`kahgs igairî`ns pnrn gc usa lg onrrgrns snhktnrkns hnturncgs.

96 % Dähkda 06%

@gr`nhän n pnskvas ndokghtncgs > Md. 7 Md. n dîs

\kpacaiän lg __ n lkspahgr _W Onjn pgckirasklnl - _W gspg`kncgs Ngvncunr gh nln nsa

Dntgrknc lg aogrturn (kh sktu) 7 666 666 d0 Dnyar a kiunc n 0 666 666 d0.

Vraxkdklnl n niuns supgr`kncgs ?6 666 d. Ha dghar n >666 d.

Vraxkdklnl n zahns búdglns

(pnhtnhas, cnias, rgsgrvns)HA V_GPGH\N V_ABKOKLA

Vraxkdklnl n hnpn ergîtk`n >66 d. lg praeuhlklnl 76 d. n dîs.

Uuchgrnokcklnl n lgsnstrgs hnturncgs 7 % - >76 d. 06 d. n dîs - (6 % kh sktu)

@adpask`kðh lgc sugcaNrgha ckdasa (PD-PV) & Dn`kza _giucnr (KKK/7?)

lg ocaqugs pgqugþas._gàdghlnocg nr`kccasa - nrghasa

\grrghas ncuvkncgs HA V_GPGH\N

Ha aostnùckznr `nu`gs hk ujas hnturncgs sgàs a

búdglas hk rglu`kr cn npn`klnl ncuvknc lgc tgrrgha.

Enccns igacðik`ns y

tgrrghas khgstnocgsHA V_GPGH\N V_ABKOKLA

Pksdk`klnl N`gcgrn`kðh (n 4 6.?i) @ahsklgrnr gh prgdksns lg lksgþa. Ha ckdktnhtg.

Lkrg``kðh lgc vkghta@WDVCG: Puragstg bn`kn Hargstg

UGCA@KLNL V_AD.: ?5 Md. / b.Lgc îrgn uronhn bn`kn gc rgccgha snhktnrka.

V r g v g h ` k ð h

l g r k g s i a s

Lkstnh`kn lgc tgrrgha bn`kn

paocn`kahgs?666 d. >666 d. n dîs.

Lkstnh`kn n zahns lg rknhzn

y irnhjns - ndncgs a dntnlgras>? 666 d. >666 d. n dîs.

Lkstnh`kn bn`kn ngrapugrtas ;766 d. 0666 d. n dîs

N``gskokcklnl nc púockà _giucnla Ckdktnla

@gr`nhän n vän prkh`kpnc 6.96 Md. Dghas lg ? Md.

@lr.<< Ckstn lg @ahsklgrn`kahgs tadnlnsgh ùghtn pnrn cn sgcg``kðh lgcûgornln Bahln àda _gccghasPnhktnrka. Onsnla gh L.P. H¶679-?66<-V@D, Nrt. 59¶ (Vgrú) y hardnskhtgrhn`kahncgs lg cn ADP. Gcnoarn -`kðh prapkn. ?6>6.

?9; ?26?9; ?26

Dalgca ? GUNCWN@KÐHPGIÚHCAPKDVN@\AP A@NPKAHNLAP

>.? Gvncun kðh y `ntgiarkzn kðh lgc oatnlgra ‒Cn Vns`nhn‛

Dalgca > GUNCWN@KÐH VA_ V_KA_KLNL LG @CNWPW_N



\rns cn lgokln gvncun`kðh, sg bn

lgtgrdkhnla qug gc Oatnlgra Cn

Vns`nhn lgogrî sgr krrgdglknocg-

dghtg sadgtkla n uh pra`gsa lg

`cnusurn y rgàhvgrskðh tatnc qug

lgogrî kdpcgdghtnrsg lghtra lgclksgþa uronha, quglnhla ratuh-

lndghtg prabkokln cn prgsgh`kn lg

glk`n`kahgs lg irnh dnihktul,

`nog lg`kr, nqugccns uyn kdghtn-

`kðh gx`gln cas 56 d. par lgonja

lgc dntgrknc lg aogrturn .

KDVN@\AP NDOKGH\NCGP

@ahlk`kðh Vuhtun`kðh

P W G C A

Îrgn aùpnln par cas rgskluas (@ah-sklgrnr îrgn nlk`kahnc sk sg lg`klkgrnàhvgrtkr n _gccgha Pnhktnrka)

+ > Bn. >.6

- > Bn. 6.6

\kpa lg rgskluaKhlustrknc >.6

Duhk`kpnc 6.6

Khàdpntkokcklnl lg usa lg sugcaPK >.6

HA 6.6

Vrgsgh`kn lg ckxkvknlasPK >.6

HA 6.6

N K _ G

Vrgsgh`kn lg okaiîsPK >.6

HA 6.6

ûgdn lg rgskluasPK 6.7

HA 6.6

Vrgsgh`kn lg acargs lgsnirnlnocgsPK 6.7

HA 6.6

N I W N

Vrgsgh`kn lg ckxkvknlasPK ?.6

HA 6.6

E

C A -

_ N Lnþas n cn vgigtn`kðh

PK ?.6

HA 6.6

E N W H N

Vrackegrn`kðh lg enuhn ha`kvnPK >.6

HA 6.6

Nctgrn`kðh lg cn enuhn tgrrgstrg a nùî-tk`n

PK >.6

HA 6.6

V N \ _ K D A H K A @gr`n a gh sktkas lg pntrkdahka bkstðrkà

rgckikasa y turästkàPK >.6

HA 6.6

@gr`n a gh îrgns lg rgsgrvn a pratg`-`kðh hnturnc

PK >.6

HA 6.6

PWO\A\NC (>) >>.6


@ahlk`kðh Vuhtun`kðh

Vrgsgh`kn àhstnhtg lg irupas budn-

has

PK <.6

HA 6.6_kgsia n cn sncul lg cas irupas bu-dnhas qug vkvgh gh cn zahn a gh casncrglglargs.

PK <.6

HA 6.6

_kgsia lg àhtndkhn`kðh lg nhkdncgslg àhsuda budnha

PK ?.6

HA 6.6

Neg`tn`kðh lg atrns n`tkvklnlgs(sa`kagàhðdk`ns, turästk`ns, gt`.)

PK ?.6

HA 6.6

PWO\A\NC (?) >?.6

_GPWC\NLA: @cnusurn lghktkvn ?0.6 (99%)

Dalgca ?. GUNCWN@KÐH PGIÚH CAP KDVN@\AP A@NPKAHNLAP

@lr.<7 (Vîikhn Apugstn) Dntrkz lgVuhtun`kðh pnrn cn gvncun`kðh lgcOatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn par prkarklnllg `cnusurn.

@lr.<5 Dntrkz lg puhtun`kðh pnrn cn gvncun-`kðh lg oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn sgiúhcas kdpn`tas a`nskahnlas.

Eughtgs: NN.UU. – Iuän \ë`hk`n pnrncn `cnusurn y àhvgrskðh lg oatnlg -ras lg rgskluas sðcklas— - @AHND

- ADP - AVP - @GVKP. Ckdn. Vgrú.?66<. Ap. `kt. pp. - ?5

@NH\KLNL LG _GPKLWAP [ Î_GN A@WVNLN


Oatnlgra Vgqugþa(?.6)

Oatnlgra Dglknha(7.6)

Oatnlgra Irnhlg(2.6)

Oatnlgra Duy irnhlg(>6.6)

Pupgre`kg qug nonr`n bnstn 6.;; Bn. 6.7 >.66 - <.;6 Bn. >.6 7.66 - ;.;6 Bn. ?.6 00.> Bn. 0.6

@nhtklnl lknrkn lg __

qug sg nrrajnh

bnstn ?6 tah./län 6.7 ?6 - 76 tah./län ?.6 76 - >66 tah./län 0.6 566 tah./län 0.6

@nhtklnl npraxkdnln lg__ nùducnlas

bnstn >7 666tah./län >.6 bnstn 77 666

tah./län ?.6 bnstn 566 666tah./län 0.6 566 666 <.6

V_GPGH@KN LG _GPKLWAP VGCKI_APAP


Hkhiuha(6.6)

Vaà(7.6)

Dalgrnla(>6.6)

Nouhlnhtg(>7.6)

Nrraja lg rgskluasBaspktncnrkas Huca 6.6

_gàcg`tnlasàh __ ladëstk-às lg pgqugþasgstnocg`kdkghtaslg sncul.

?.7

_gàcg`tnlasàh __ ladës-tkàs lg pgqug-þas y dglknhasgstnocg`kdkghtaslg sncul.

7.6

_gàcg`tnlas,trnhspartnlasy vgrtklas paruhklnlgs lgstk-hnlns gx`cusk-vndghtg n gstgsgrvk`ka.

9.7

Nrraja lg rgskluasKhlustrkncgs Huca 6.6 Dähkda ?.7 Dalgrnla 7.6 @ahsklgrnocg 9.7

\KGDVA LG N@\KUKLNL LGC OA\NLG_A


_g`kghtg(?.6)

Dglknha - rg`kghtg(7.6)

Nhtkiua(2.6)

Duy nhtkiua(>6.6)

\kgdpa lg n`tkvklnl bnstn >.; nþas ?.6 - <.; nþas 7.6 - ;.; nþas + >6.6 nþas@G_@NHÄN N VAOCNLAP [ UKUKGHLNP


Envarnocg (>.6)

Dglknha - envarnocg (9.6)

Vaà envarnocg (><.6)

Lgsenvarnocg (?6.6)

@gr`nhän n vkvkghlns Npnrtnla n dîs lg766 d. lg cns vkv. dîs`gr`nhns

Npnrtnla bnstn 766d. lg cns vkv. dîs`gr`nhns

@ackhlnhtg n vkvkghlnspgreägrk`ns Lghtra lg cn Vaocn`kðh

@N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP IGAEÄPK@NP LG CN ZAHN


Envarnocg (6.6)

Dglknha - envarnocg (0.6)

Vaà envarnocg (<.6)

Lgsenvarnocg (7.6)

Vrg`kpktn`kðh pcuvknctatnc nhunc

Duy sgà( - >66 dd.) 6.6 Pgà

(>66- 766 dd.) >.6 Dalgrnla(766- >766 dd.) ?.6 Búdgla

(+ >766 dd.) ?.6

\gdpgrnturn pradglkanhunc

Eräa(6¶@ - >>¶@) 6.6 @îckla

(>;¶@ - ?<¶@) ?.6 @îckla(>;¶@ - ?<¶@) ?.6 Duy @îckla

(?7¶@ - <6¶@) >.6

@ahlk`kahgs igacðik`nsg bklraigadareacðik`ns

Gstnocg y ha gxks-tg ursa lg niunsuotgrrîhgn ghgc sktka a gstî nuhn praeuhlklnldnyar lg >6 d.

6.6

Gstnocg y ha gxks-tg ursa lg niunsuotgrrîhgn ghgc sktka a gstî nuhn praeuhlklnldnyar lg >6 d.

6.6

Ha gstnocg ygxkstg ursa lgniun suotgrrî-hgn gh gc sktka nuhn praeuhlklnldghar lg >6 d.

?.6



Onja _kgsia(6.6)

Dalgrnla _kgsia(>0.6)

Ncta _kgsia(?7.6)

Duy Ncta _kgsia(<6.6)

N`tkvklnl lg sgirgin kðh Ha gxkstg 6.6 Dähkdn 0.6 Dalgrnla ;.6 Khtghsn >6.6

@rknhzn lg nhkdncgs Ha gxkstg 6.6 Dähkdn <.6 Dähkdn <.6 Khtghsn >6.6

Vrgsgh`kn lg vg`targs Dähkdn 6.6 Va`n 0.6 Nouhlnhtg ;.6 Duy nouhlnhtg >6.6

ûgdn lg onsurn Ha gxkstg 6.6 Gsparîlkà 0.6 Gsparîlkà 0.6 Khlks`rkdkhnln >6.6

_GPWC\NLA: @cnusurn lghktkvn 9?.6 %

Dalgca >. GUNCWN@KÐH VA_ V_KA_KLNL LG @CNWPW_N

?2> ?2?

? > Cns tkpacaiäns lg lksgþa prapugstns <;

?. Nhîcksks sustghtntarka lg khtgrvgh`kðh



<; @ahtrnstnr àh Vrairndn`kahgs@uncktntkvns-ùnhtktntkvns.

?.> Cns tkpacaiäns lg lksgþa prapugstns <;

Cn tkpacaiän uronhn

Cn tkpacaiän uronhn prapugstn gs uh DNP\G_VCNH VN_N CN _G@WVG_N-

@KÐH [ GC LKPGÞA VNKPNJÄP\K@A LG Î_GNP LGP\KHNLNP NC \_N\N-

DKGH\A [ LKPVAPK@KÐH EKHNC LG _GPKLWAP W_ONHAP a dîs àha`k-

ln ada Vcnh lg _gùpgrn`kðh y trnhseardn`kðh pnksnjästk`n lg Oatnlgras.

@ada nrn`tgrästk`n pgùcknr, gc prayg`ta ous`n lksgþnr cn uok`n`kðh lg cns khstn-

cn`kahgs lg trntndkghta y lgpðskta lg __WW, nlgdîs lg prairndnr cns ensgs lg

lgsnrracca lurnhtg su tkgdpa lg vkln, lghkghla cas dëtalas lg aogrturn, khstn-

cn`kahgs lg rgùpgrn`kðh lg insgs y ckxkvknlas, nsä ada cns euturns n`tkvklnlgs

qug bnorîh lg lgsnrraccnrsg gh gstns irnhlgs gxtghskahgs lg tgrrgha.

Du`bns lg gstns n`tkvklnlgs khvacu`rnh cn rgn`kðh lg ndpas egrkncgs, zahns lg

rg`rgn`kðh pnskvn nc nkrg ckorg, dusgas, gxbkok`kahgs lg dnqukhnrkn a tg`hacaiän

usnln gh cns prapkns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs, lgpartgs lg nvghturn, y/a atrns

n`tkvklnlgs qug vnh nàdpnþnlns lg uhn prapugstn gspg`ä`ns lg arn y enuhn,

gstrntëik`ndghtg ca`nckznlns sgiúh cns ahlk`kahgs prgsghtgs gh gc îrgn.

Ekhncdghtg gs hg`gsnrka nirginr, qug gstg pcnh, duy ergùghtgdghtg ccgvnlas n

`noa par pnksnjkstns (Cnhls`npg nr`bktg`ts), bn lg dnxkdkznr cn khtgràhgxkðhàh cn kulnl, cn gxkokcklnl lg usa, cn rgùpgrn`kðh lgc pnksnjg nhlkha ca`nc y cn

àhstru``kðh lg uh pnksnjg gàcðik`ndghtg sastghkocg y rgpnrnlar.

Cn tkpacaiän nrquktg tðhk n

Cn tkpacaiän nrquktg`tðhk`n prapugstn gs uhn KHP\NCN@KÐH KHLWP\_KNC

VN_N GC \_N\NDKGH\A LG _GPKLWAP W_ONHAP.

@ada yn sg bn gxpck`nla gh nhtgrkargs npätucas, gc pra`gsndkghta khlustrknc lg

__WW n hkvgc duhlknc -nc kiunc qug atrns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs- bn aornla

gspg`knc vncar g khtgrës gh cn aduhklnl y gspg`kncdghtg gh cn n`nlgdkn lg cn

Nrquktg`turn. \rns uhn sgrkg lg gxpgrkgh`kns pnrncgcns nhnckznlns, has vgdas gh

cn hg`gsklnl lg dalk`nr gc nrî`tgr aùcta y nkscnla lg gstns tkpacaiäns, y nsä,

rgearducnr gc usa y vncar lg qug gstns khstncn`kahgs tkghgh gh cn vkln uronhn lg

taln kulnl.

Gc dnyar vncar khträhsgà lg cns khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta lg __WW, tnc yàda ca bn lgdastrnla gc Nrq. [asbka \nhkiu`bk gh su Vcnhtn lg Kh`khgrn`kðh

y trntndkghta lg _gskluas lg Bkrasbkdn, gs qug cns pgrsahns puglnh aosgrvnr

ùnhtn onsurn pralu`gh pnrn palgr tadnr ah`kgh`kn lg unhta dghas palränh

pralu`kr.

Gs nsä, qug gc prayg`ta noarln gc lgsneäa lg npgrturnr gstas pra`gsas y n`tkvk-

lnlgs -bnstn bn`g paà ahsklgrnlas lg nrî`tgr khernbudnha- ada dglka lg

lkeuskðh y glu`n`kðh lg cn sa`kglnl, ahvkrtkëhlaca gh uhn gspg`kg lg dusga

Eki.>25 (Nrrkon) Gjgdpca lg Dnstgr -pcnh - _gighgrn`kðh lgc _gccghaPnhktnrka lg Dnrkoar Pcavghkn.Eughtg:Gàskstgdn Wronha

Nrquktg`tas.

Eki.>29 (Nonja)Gjgdpca lg tkpacaiän khlus-trknc. Oalgin lg vkhas y `ghtra lgvksktnhtgs Nustkha. Eughtg: Eastgr

Nrquktg`tas.

N@\KUKLNLGP V_AVWGP\NP: - _g`gp`kðh y pgsnjg lg __WW. - Khlustrknc. Vcnhtn lg Pgpnrn`kðh yncdn`ghndkghta lg __WW, Vcnhtnlg @adpastnjg, Vcnhtn lg lgsinsk`n`kðh y Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg ckxkvknlas.

N@\KUKLNLGP V_AVWGP\NP: - _gàhvgrskðh lg Oatnlgra.

- \rntndkghta lg oatnlgraCn Vns`nhn.

- _gutkckzn`kðh lgc _Pn.\rntndkghta past-`kgrrg lgc _Pn lgûgornln Bahln.

- Pgrvk`kas Khlustrkncgs. Npnr`ndkghtas,tnccgrgs, dkhk-pcnhtns lg ghgriän,

okactrnla lg insgs, trntndkghta lg niuns rgskluncgs, pcuvkncgs yckxkvknlas.

N@\KUKLNLGP V_AVWGP\NP:- Lkeuskðh - Glu`n`kðh - Khvgstkin`kðh

nucns, nulktarka, dusga, cnoarntarkay okockatg`n.

N@\KUKLNLGP V_AVWGP\NP: - Nldkhkstrntkvns. A`khns, skhlk`nta,a`khn okghgstnr sa`knc.

- Pgrvk`kas @adpcgdghtnrkas.Ugstunrkas, adglargs, iunrlgrän,nucns, negtgrän, ckorgrän (sauvghkrs).

lg kgh`kns gh tkgdpa rgnc. Gh gstg sghtkla, gc glk`ka ghtgra gs uhn vktrkhn

nokgrtn n cn lgdastrn`kðh lg nctns tg`hacaiäns utkckznlns gh gc pra`gsndkghta y

`cnsk`n`kðh lg __WW.

Atra kdpartnhtg en`tar ahsklgrnla lurnhtg gc pra`gsa lg lksgþa ca aùpnh cas

nspg`tas sa`kncgs, gàhðdkàs y nldkhkstrntkvas. Gs nsä, qug sg bn khàrparnla

gspn`kas y sgrvk`kas adpcgdghtnrkas pnrn gc trnonjnlar n trnvës lg vgstunrkas,

àdglargs, iunrlgrän, zahns lg gspnr`kdkghta, a`khns lg sgrvk`ka sa`knc y tnccg-

rgs lg eardn`kðh ghtrg atras pnrn cairnr uh pra`gsa lg rgàhvgrskðh lgc trnonjn-

lar kheardnc, nlgdîs lg ighgrnr hugvas pugstas lg trnonja aerg`klas n nqugccas

qug n`tuncdghtg gjgr`gh gstn cnoar lg dnhgrn kcginc g khsncuorg.

?.? _acgs y n`tkvklnlgs prapugstns

_AC KHLWP\_KNCGc rac prkh`kpnc qug lgsgdpgþn gstn K\_ gs gh`nrinrsg lgc trntndkghta y cnsk-

`n`kðh lg cas __WW lg cn kulnl lg Nrgqukpn. Nqugccas __WW qug puglnh sgr

rg-utkckznlas sgrîh prgpnrnlas pnrn su adgr`knckzn`kðh y cas rg`bnzas lg talas

cas pra`gsas sgrîh lgpasktnlas gh uh hugva _Pn @ahtracnla.

Lg gstg, sg rgùpgrnrî dglknhtg pcnhtns khlustrkncgs gspg`knckznlns, cas insgs

qug sgrîh rg-utkckznlas pnrn ighgrnr ghgriän gcë`trk`n, ada àdoustkocg lg dn-

qukhnrkns a ndkahgs y cas ckxkvknlas qug lgoklndghtg trntnlas sgrîh aùpnlas

àda niun lg rginläa.

_AC DGLKA-NDOKGH\NCAtra kdpartnhtg rac qug lgsgdpgþnrî gs gc lg cn rgighgrn`kðh gàcðik`n y

dglka-ndokghtnc lg uh îrgn tatncdghtg lgirnlnln y gxkcknln lg cn kulnl. Gstns

n``kahgs pgrdktkrîh rgùpgrnr gstn îrgn ada uh pnrqug uronha pnrn gc lgsnrra-

cca lg n`tkvklnlgs rg`rgntkvns, gxpasktkvns g khlustrkncgs. Nsä dksda, gc prayg`ta

prgvg gc trntndkghta kh sktu lg talas cas lgsg`bas cäquklas y sðcklas. Gstas sgrîh

lgoklndghtg trntnlas y rgutkckznlas gh cns n`tkvklnlgs lknrkns lghtra lgc pnrqug,

rglu`kghla su kdpn`ta gh gc dglka eäskà khdglknta, nlgdîs lg rglu`kr astas

lg dnhtghkdkghta gh uhn nhtklnl àhsklgrnocg. _AC @WC\W_NC

Pg pcnhtgn ada sapartg nc rac khlustrknc qug pgrdktkrî khvacu`rnr n cn paocn`kðhgh gc lgsnrracca lg gstns n`tkvklnlgs dglknhtg vksktns iuknlns, khvgstkin`kðh y

rg`rgn`kðh nc nkrg ckorg.

_AC PA@KA-G@AHÐDK@A Pg bnh lg orkhlnr sgrvk`kas gspg`kncgs n cas trnonjnlargs y gdpcgnlas qug

cnoarnrîh gh pugstas nldkhkstrntkvas y lg pcnhtn lgslg gc puhta lg vkstn lg

npaya sa`knc y prgpnrn`kðh të`hk`n. Nlk`kahncdghtg, gstns y atrns n`tkvklnlgs

àdpcgdghtnrkns sgrvkrîh ada uhn eughtg khirgsa gàhðdkà nlk`kahnc pnrn cns

khstncn`kahgs.

?20 ?2<

?.0 Nhîcksks-sähtgsks lgc tgrrktarka

Eki.>22 (Ekiurns nonja) Dnpns lg nhîcksks lgctgrrktarka. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.



Gc îrgn hnc lgc prayg`ta gstî lghkln:

Nc Hartg : Khk`ka lg

ûgornln Oughnvkstn

Nc Pur : Uän Nrgqukpn - [urn

Nc Gstg: ugornln Oughnvkstn &

@grra @artnlgrns

Nc Agstg : ugornln Bahln

Nsä dksda gc tgrrgha qugln gvklghtg-

dghtg lkvklkla par cn cähgn eërrgn qug

bn lgtgrdkhnla prkh`kpncdghtg ? îrgns

lg khtgrvgh`kðh: Zahn > y Zahn ?.

Bn`kn gc Hartg (Zahn ?) sg uok`nrîh

cns hugvns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs

lg trntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc lg__WW (irnhlgs glk`n`kahgs).

Dkghtrns qug bn`kn gc sur (Zahn >),ghtrg cn cähgn eërrgn y cn vän Nrgquk-

pn- [urn, sg ghùghtrn gc Oatnlgra ‒Cn

Vns`nhn‛, lahlg bnorî lg lgsnrraccnrsg

uh pcnh lg rgùpgrn`kðh y rgàhvgrskðh

àh cn prgsgh`kn lg glk`n`kahgs lg

dghar tndnþa.

Cn prkh`kpnc vän nsenctnln lg n``gsa nc

tgrrgha gs cn @nrrgtgrn Nrgqukpn - [urn(Uän 06 -06O) cn unc prgsghtn uhn

okeur`n`kðh n cn ncturn lgc Md. ?6, lg

tkgrrn nrdnln, qug ntrnvkgsn cahiktu-

lkhncdghtg gc tgrrgha y ruzn pgrpghlk-

ùcnrdghtg cn vän eërrgn.

Gstn vän eërrgn sg vugcvg lg gspg`knc

khtgrës gh gc lksgþa yn qug gc eutura sks-

tgdn lg davkdkghta lgogrî prgvgr su

pnsa n lgshkvgc tnhta par gh`kdn àda

par lgonja lg gstn, snokghla qug sgiuk-

rî gh sgrvk`ka par uh pgrkala eutura lg

dîs lg >6 nþas.

Nsä dksda, cn cähgn lg nocgs y tarrgslg nctn tghskðh nuhnln n cn cähgn eërrgn

(pnrncgcn n gstns), sah ahsklgrnlas

àda gc dnyar kdpglkdghta pnrn cn

àhstru``kðh lg glk`n`kahgs lg irnh

tndnþa gh cn ZAHN >, aockiîhlahas

nsä n lghkr prairndns y n`tkvklnlgs lg

dghar ghvgrinlurn (yn sgnh rg`rgntk-

vns, khlustrkncgs y/a pnksnjästk`ns) pnrn

gstn zahn.

Cn \apairneän gs lg pghlkghtg ahs-

tnhtg y paà prahuh`knln n ca cnrialg cn dgsgtn ghtrnc lgc tgrrgha. Gstn

pghlkghtg gs nprax. lg 0% tghkghla

cn atn dns nctn lgc tgrrgha n ?976

d.s.h.d. gh su gxtrgda hartg y cn àtn

dns onjn n ?556 d.s.h.d. gh su gxtrg-

da sur (juhta n cn nrrgtgrn).

@nog nþnlkr qug ghtrg cn nrrgtgrn

Nrgqukpn-[urn y cn dgsgtn ghtrnc gxks-

tg uhn lkegrgh`kn lg hkvgc lg ghtrg 0 - <

dgtras y qug gc dntgrknc lg aogrturn

prgvksta gh cn `cnusurn lgc oatnlgra

bnorî lg kh`rgdghtnr gstn lkegrgh`kn gh

? - 0 dgtras nlk`kahncgs.

Gh unhta n cn igadareacaiän, cas gcg-

dghtas dîs kdpartnhtgs y pgckirasas ca

àheardnh gh prkdgr cuinr ugornln

Bahln y gh dghar gs`ncn ugornln

Oughnvkstn, par ca qug sg rgàdkghln

gvktnr cn prgsgh`kn lg glk`n`kahgs lg

irnh tndnþa n uhn lkstnh`kn ha dghar

n cas 76 - >66 dgtras y gc lksgþa lg sks-

tgdns lg ahtrac ncuvkahnc pgrtkhghtgs.

lgckdktn kðh & zahke`n kðhlgc îrgn n khtgrvghkr

tapairneän, rkgsiasy igadareacaiän

n``gskokcklnl gkherngstru turn

+ + +Zahn >

Zahn ?

Md.?6

Wh en`tar ru`knc y lgtgrdkhnhtg gh

cn lghk`kðh lgc prairndn uronha-nrquktg`tðhkà gs ahlk`kahnla par cn

lkspask`kðh lg cas lgpðsktas nhtrapaië-

hkàs gxpugstas nc nkrg ckorg (Onsurn) y

qug n`tuncdghtg sah uh irnh pgckira gh

cn zahn.

Gc dnyar lgpðskta ca aheardnh cas

rgskluas lgc oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn, uok-

`nlas gh cn ZAHN >, pnrn cn unc sg bn

lg lksgþnr uh pcnh y prairndn gspg`knc

lg rgùpgrn`kðh dglknhtg cn ùork`kðh

y sgccndkghta hnc lg __WW, nlgdîs

lgc pastgrkar lksgþa pnksnjästkà pnrn

gc lgsnrracca lg n`tkvklnlgs rg`rgntkvns

y/a hnturncgs qug khàrpargh arn yenuhn ca`nc.

Nsä dksda, ha palrîh ca`nckznrsg saorg

gstn zahn, glk`n`kahgs qug khvacu`rgh

`kdghtn`kahgs y/a davkdkghtas lg

tkgrrn dnyargs n uhn praeuhlklnl lg

6.5 - >.6 d. (praeuhlklnl lgc dntgrknc

lg aogrturn + sgccndkghta lg igadgd-

ornhn).

Cn sudntarkn lg gstn sähtgsks nhn-

cätk`n, àh`cuyg gh cn lghk`kðh lglas îrgns lg khtgrvgh`kðh eî`kcdghtg

klghtk`nocgs y lg nrî`tgr tatncdgh-

tg lkstkhtns .

Gh cn Zahn > bnorîh lg uok`nrsg

cn dghar nhtklnl lg glk`n`kahgs

paskocgs lglkla n cn prgsgh`kn lg

cns vän eërrgn, cähgn lg nctn tghskðh

y cas lgpðsktas lg __WW, earznhla

n prairndnr n`tkvklnlgs lg dghar

ghvgrinlurn y lg nrî`tgr rg`rgntkva

y pnksnjästkà.

Gh cn Zahn ? (îrgn ocnh`n lgc pcnha),

palrîh uok`nrsg cns hugvns îrgns lg

vgrtkla y cns hugvns khstncn`kahgs

lg trntndkghta lg __WW tadnhla

gh ughtn cns rgàdghln`kahgs lgc

nhîcksks lg rkgsia, n``gskokcklnl,

nsacgndkghta, tapairneän y vkghtas

rg`kghtgdghtg gxpck`nlns.

Ekhncdghtg, gc pra`gsa lg lksgþa

lgogrî ahsklgrnr cn dgjar arkghtn`kðh(>6¶->7¶ HA) pnrn cns glk`n`kahgsqug bnh lg prapahgrsg, qug kränh nskgh pnrncgca n cn vän eërrgn (ùdpckghlagstn ahlk`kðh).

Nsä dksda, cas vkghtas prgladkhnhtgslg lkrg``kðh Puragstg - Hargstg, sah uhen`tar lgtgrdkhnhtg gh cn uok`n`kðh lgcn glkck`kn y lg cas dn`kzas eargstncgs,qug sah cn dgjar onrrgrn lg ahtrac.Wsuncdghtg, cas vkghtas tkghlgh nneg`tnr cns n`tkvklnlgs lg vgrtkla gh cnshugvns îrgns lg lgpðskta nc bn`gr vacnrdntgrknc y pnrtäùcns gh suspghskðh(acar y pacva).

Gs nsä, qug sg prggrg qug cas vkghtassapcgh lgslg cns îrgns uronhkznlnsbn`kn gc oatnlgra y lgslg cns khstncn`ka-hgs khlustrkncgs bn`kn cns îrgns lg vgr-tkla. Gh hugstra tgrrgha gh pnrtkùcnr sgùdpcgh ndons ahlk`kahgs, skgdprgy unhla, cns glk`n`kahgs khlustrkncgssg uokqugh dîs nc sur qug cns îrgns lg

vgrtkla.

uok n kðh lgehktkvn lg cnshugvns glke`n kahgs

lgpðsktasnhtrapaiëhk as (__WW)

nsacgndkghta, vkghtasy arkghtn kðh

+ 4

H

Zahn >

Zahn ?

?27 ?25

0. Gc prairndn uronha

Whn vgz nhnckznlas y ghtghlklas talas cas en`targs y nspg`tas lgtgrdkhnhtgs qug

0.? Vrayg``kahgs lgdairîe`ns

Vnrn palgr lgtgrdkhnr gc îrgn hg`gsnrkn pnrn cn lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas _W lg cas >0

lkstrktas nhtgrkardghtg dgh`kahnlas gs hg`gsnrka `ncùcnr cn `nhtklnl lg paocn`kðhHA\N VN_N \ALNP CNP V_A[G@@KAHGP:



Whn vgz nhnckznlas y ghtghlklas talas cas en`targs y nspg`tas lgtgrdkhnhtgs qug

khukrîh y ahlk`kahnrîh gc lksgþa uronha, lg lahlg bnorî lg lgsnrraccnrsg pas-

tgrkardghtg cn prapugstn nrquktg`tðhk`n, pra`glgrgdas n lgsnrraccnr cn prapugstn

prairndîtk`n n hkvgc uronha.

Gstg adprghlg ? gtnpns: cn prkdgrn khvacu`rn cas îcùcas prgckdkhnrgs y prayg`-

`kahgs n eutura lg cn VAOCN@KÐH lg cas lkstrktas sgcg``kahnlas, V_ALW@@KÐHVG_ @ÎVK\N y UACÚDGH LG __WW, qug bnorgdas lg trntnr y lkspahgr gh gstns

khstncn`kahgs.

Dglknhtg gstas îcùcas palrgdas, gh cn sgiuhln gtnpn, gstkdnr ah cn dnyar gxn`-

tktul paskocg cns îrgns y nrn`tgrästk`ns gspg`ä`ns lg cas gspn`kas y n`tkvklnlgs qug

prapahlrgdas n trnvës lg cn prairndn`kðh uronhn ùncktntkvn y ùnhtktntkvn, y qug

sgrvkrîh nlk`kahncdghtg pnrn ncùcnr gc tkgdpa lg vkln útkc lgc tgrrgha (lkspask`kðh

hnc lg __WW) nlgdîs lgc îrgn hg`gsnrkn pnrn gc pra`gsndkghta, cnsk`n`kðh y

trnhseardn`kðh lg cas __WW (prapugstn nrquktg`tðhk`n).

0.> Pgcg` kðh lg usunrkas n sgrvkr

Cn ckstn lg lkstrktas pnrtk`kpnhtgs lgc prayg`ta bn skla gcnoarnln tadnhla gh ughtn

cas skiukghtgs nspg`tas lg sgcg``kðh:

* Lkstrktas ah dnyar vacúdghgs lg pralu``kðh lg _W n cn eg`bn (?6>6)

* Lkstrktas ah dnyar ählk`g lg pralu``kðh pgr îpktn lg _W n cn eg`bn (?6>6)

* Lkstrktas ah dnyar vacudgh lg paocn`kðh

* Lkstrktas ah dnyar gr`nhän n cn pcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh`kn y nc sktka lg khtgrvgh`kðh

Bnokghla hncdghtg cnsk`nla cas lkstrktas lg:

- @G_@NLA >?0.>< \ah/län. - ?6.66 Md. lgc _Pn

- J.C. OWP\NDNH\G [ _KUG_A 27.09 \ah/län. - ?5.>6 Md. lgc _Pn

- VNW@N_VN\N 9<.66 \ah/län. - ?;.96 Md. lgc _Pn

- @G__A @ACA_NLA 59.72 \ah/län. - >7.96 Md. lgc _Pn

- DK_NECA_GP 7;.;7 \ah/län. - ??.>6 Md. lgc _Pn

- DN_KNHA DGCIN_ 77.?7 \ah/län. - ?7.66 Md. lgc _Pn

- @N[DN 7<.?; \ah/län. - ?6.06 Md. lgc _Pn

- NC\A PGCUN NCGI_G <;.2> \ah/län. - ?0.66 Md. lgc _Pn

- BWH\G_ 05.22 \ah/län. - ?9.06 Md. lgc _Pn

- PA@NON[N 0?.66 \ah/län. - ?9.57 Md. lgc _Pn

- PN@BN@N ?6.9< \ah/län. - ?<.>6 Md. lgc _Pn

- [NHNBWN_N >;.;? \ah/län. - >2.27 Md. lgc _Pn

- [W_N 2.;0 \ah/län. - 7.76 Md. lgc _Pn

@lr.<9 VNIKHN AVWGP\N N__KONVrayg``kahgs lgdairî`nsnc nþa ?607. @ncùcas prapkas?6>6. \nsn lg `rg`kdkghtanhunc lgc ?%. Eughtgs lg eðrdu-cns y îcùcas:

* \@BAONHAICAWP I., \BGK-PGH B. & UKIKC P.N. –Igstkðh

Khtgirnc lg _gskluas Pðcklas—DÌrnw Bkcc (Gl). Gspnþn. >;;<.

* JN_NDKCCA, JA_IG –Iuänpnrn gc lksgþa, àhstru``kðh yapgrn`kahgs lg _gccghas Pnhk-tnrkas Dnhuncgs–. AVP / @GVKP- AVP / ADP. Whkvgrsklnl lg

Nhtkaqukn, @acadokn. ?66?.

@lr.<2 VÎIKHN AVWGP\N NONJAVrayg``kahgs lg pralu``kðh pgr`îpktn lg _W. Eughtgs koäl. \nsnlg kh`rgdghta nhunc lgc ?%.

lkstrktas nhtgrkardghtg dgh`kahnlas gs hg`gsnrka ncùcnr cn nhtklnl lg paocn`kðh

n sgrvkr gh uh pgrkala npraxkdnla lg ?7 nþas. Cas îcùcas qug prgsghtndas n ahtk-

hun`kðh bnh skla gstkdnlas n pnrtkr lg cns eðrducns dgh`kahnlns gh gc Uacúdgh K,

@npätuca KU - Lksgþa y trnznla prgckdkhnr lgc _Pn, Vni. >02 -><6.

0.0 Vrayg` kahgs lg pralu` kðh pgr `îpktn lg _W

Gc îcùca lg cn pralu``kðh pgr îpktn par nboktnhtg has pgrdktkrî aha`gr cn nh-

tklnl lg lg _W pralu`klas par uh bnoktnhtg lg nrgqukpn gh gc trnhsùrsa lg cas

skiukghtgs ?7 nþas n uhn tnsn lg kh`rgdghta nhunc pradglka lgc ?%.

V_A[G@@KÐH LGDAI_ÎEK@N (Vao.) - (Bno.)

Lkstrkta ?662

n

?6>6

o

?6>7 ?6?6 ?6?7 ?606 ?607

`

@gr`nla 5? >;0 5<965 9> <<6 92 295 29 627 ;5 ><; >65 >75

J.C. Oustndnhtg y _kvgra 9; 6<; 2? ?<0 ;6 26? >66 ?70 >>6 522 >?? ?62 >65 >75

Vnu`nrpntn >?; 2>; >07 65< ><; >?> >5< 5<? >2> 992 ?66 5;2 ??> 725

@grra @acarnla >>6 922 >>7 ?5< >?9 ?5> ><6 765 >77 >06 >9> ?95 >2; >60

Dkrneargs 7< 6>0 75 >;7 5? 6<< 52 76? 97 50> 20 760 ;? >;<

Dnrknha Dgcinr 77 ?<7 79 <99 50 <7; 96 65< 99 075 27 <62 ;< ?;9

@nydn 92 59< 2> 27? ;6 09? ;; 992 >>6 >50 >?> 5?2 >0< ?22

Ncta Pgcvn Ncgirg 97 <9> 92 7?6 25 5;? ;7 9>7 >67 592 >>5 599 >?2 2?6

Buhtgr <9 ;66 <; 207 77 6?? 56 9<; 59 69? 9< 67? 2> 956

Pa`nonyn 5? 90; 57 ?9< 9? 659 9; 752 29 276 ;5 ;;0 >69 622

Pn`bn`n ?6 909 ?> 797 ?0 2?6 ?5 066 ?; 609 0? 67; 07 0;5

[nhnbunrn ?6 976 ?> 722 ?0 207 ?5 0>5 ?; 677 0? 69; 07 <>2

[urn >5 ?06 >5 225 >2 5<0 ?6 72< ?? 9?5 ?7 6;> ?9 960

\A\NCGP 2>0 562 2<5 <92 ;0< 726 > 60> 27? > >0; ?<2 > ?79 2?> > 022 905

n. ?662 Nþa onsg `ghsnc. KHGK, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< DVN.

o. ?6>6 Nþa lg khk`ka lg prayg`ta.`. ?607 Nþa npraxkdnla lg `gsg lg

n`tkvklnlgs lg vgrtkla.

V_A[G@@KÐH V_ALW@@KÐH VG_ @NVK\N LG _W(Vp`) - (Mi./bno./län)

Lkstrkta ?662n ?6>6o ?6>7 ?6?6 ?6?7 ?606 ?607`

@gr`nla >.;2 ?.65 ?.?9 ?.7> ?.99 0.65 0.02

J.C. Oustndnhtg y _kvgra >.62 >.>? >.?< >.09 >.7> >.59 >.2<

Vnu`nrpntn 6.79 6.7; 6.57 6.9? 6.26 6.22 6.;9

@grra @acarnla 6.5> 6.50 6.96 6.99 6.27 6.;< >.6<

Dkrneargs >.>> >.>7 >.?2 >.<> >.77 >.9? >.2;

Dnrknha Dgcinr >.66 >.6< >.>7 >.?9 >.<6 >.77 >.9>

@nydn 6.5; 6.9? 6.9; 6.22 6.;9 >.69 >.>2

Ncta Pgcvn Ncgirg 6.55 6.5; 6.95 6.2< 6.;? >.6? >.>0

Buhtgr 6.99 6.26 6.22 6.;2 >.62 >.>; >.0>

Pa`nonyn 6.7> 6.70 6.7; 6.57 6.9> 6.9; 6.29

Pn`bn`n >.66 >.6< >.>7 >.?9 >.<6 >.77 >.9>

[nhnbunrn 6.;5 >.66 >.>6 >.?? >.0< >.<2 >.5<

[urn 6.77 6.79 6.50 6.96 6.99 6.27 6.;<

UNCA_ V_ADGLKA 6.22 6.;? >.6? >.>? >.?< >.09 >.7>

?29 ?22

0.< Vrayg` kahgs lg pralu` kðh lg _W

Cn nhtklnl tatnc lg _W pralu`kln gh uh län rgsuctn lg cn pralu``kðh pgr îpktn lg

_W par bnoktnhtg ductkpck`nln par gc húdgra tatnc lg paocn`kðh sgrvkln (bno )76

76 U. Uacúdgh K, @npätuca KU - Lksgþay trnznla prgckdkhnr lgc _Pn, Vni.

0.5 @npn klnl vacudëtrk`n y vkln útkc lgc sktka

Ekhncdghtg, cugia lg bnogr ncùcnla gc vacudgh y îrgn hg`gsnrkn pnrn palgr ncogr-

inr talas cas _W lg Nrgqukpn dgtrapacktnhn (U lkstrktas sgcg``kahnlas) sg pra`glgh



_W par bnoktnhtg ductkpck`nln par gc húdgra tatnc lg paocn`kðh sgrvkln (bno.)76 .

0.7 Uacudgh y îrgn rgqugrkln pnrn gc _gccgha Pnhktnrka

\alas cas vncargs nhtgrkardghtg ncùcnlas hncdghtg sg ahjuinh gh cn skiukgh-tg tnocn76, pgrdktkëhlahas lgtgrdkhnr gc vacudgh y îrgn lg vgrtkla hg`gsnrkn pnrn

ncogrinr cas __WW qug Nrgqukpn dgtrapacktnhn pralu`krî lurnhtg cas skiukghtgs ?6

n ?7 nþas.

V_A[G@@KÐH V_ALW@@KÐH LG _W (LPl) - (\ah./län)

Lkstrkta ?662n ?6>6o ?6>7 ?6?6 ?6?7 ?606 ?607`

@gr`nla >?0.>< >00.?; >5?.<2 >;2.69 ?<>.<< ?;<.0? 072.99

J.C. Oustndnhtg y _kvgra 27.09 ;?.<> >>?.57 >09.0? >59.0; ?6<.67 ?<2.90

Vnu`nrpntn 9<.66 26.>6 ;9.5< >>;.6? ><7.62 >95.25 ?>7.7;@grra @acarnla 59.72 90.>7 2;.>9 >62.96 >0?.76 >5>.7? >;5.2;

Dkrneargs 7;.;7 5<.;6 9;.>> ;5.<0 >>9.77 ><0.?; >9<.59

Dnrknha Dgcinr 77.?7 7;.26 9?.2; 22.25 >62.0? >0?.6< >56.;7

@nydn 7<.?; 72.95 9>.50 29.0> >65.<< >?;.9< >72.>5

Ncta Pgcvn Ncgirg <;.2> 70.;? 57.9? 26.>? ;9.55 >>;.67 ><7.>?

Buhtgr 05.22 0;.;? <2.59 7;.0? 9?.0? 22.>7 >69.<5

Pa`nonyn 0?.66 0<.50 <?.?? 7>.<5 5?.9< 95.<9 ;0.??

Pn`bn`n ?6.9< ??.<7 ?9.05 00.07 <6.55 <;.75 56.<?

[nhnbunrn >;.;? ?>.75 ?5.?2 0?.6< 0;.65 <9.5> 72.6<

[urn 2.;0 ;.55 >>.92 ><.05 >9.76 ?>.00 ?5.6>

\A\NCGP 529.27 9<<.77 ;69.5> > >65.09 > 0<2.57 > 5<<.66 ? 66<.60

@lr.<; Vrayg``kahgs lg pralu``kðh lg_W nc län. Eughtgs koäl.

@lr.76 @îcùca vacudgh & îrgn hg`gsnrkn pnrn_Pn. Eughtgs koäl.

Lghsklnl @adpn`tnln 4 <76 Mi./d0 - Lghsklnl Gstnokckznln 4 566 Mi./d0 * N_s 4 U_s / B_s (Ncturn pradglka lgc _gccgha 06d.) E4 07% En`tar lg nudghta

y p , i>0; -><6.

@NC@WCA UACWDGH & Î_GN HG@GPN_KN VN_N _Pn

Lkstrkta ?662n ?6>6o ?6>7 ?6?6 ?6?7 ?606 ?607`

@NH\KLNLlg _W

_W lknrka (\ah/lkn) 529.27 9<<.77 ;69.5> > >65.09 > 0<2.57 > 5<<.66 ? 66<.60

_W nhunc (\ah/nþa) ?7> 657.90 ?9> 95>.5? 00> ?97.;6 <60 2?0.<9 <;? ?72.75 566 656.<0 90> <96.0?

_W nùducnla (\ah.) ? 7> 65 7. 90 9 2< 60 5. >0 ? 0> 5 5 95 .> 6 < >2 < ; 77 .5 9 5 <5 ? 0 92 .6 7 ; ?0 2 7 <0 .? > >? 5? ? 5 90 .6 5

UACWDGHlg _W

_W àdpn`tnla lknrka(_W`l) (d0 /län)

> 7?2.75 > 57<.75 ?6>5.;6 ? <72.7; ? ;;9.6> 0 570.0< < <70.<6

_W àdpn`tnla nhunc(_W`n) (d0 /län)

779 ;?0.2< 560 ;><. 9> 905 >52.55 2;9 027. <; > 6;0 ;69. ;6 > 000 <59. 50 > 5?7 <2;. 56

_W gstnokckznla nhunc

(_Wgn) (d0

/län)

<>2 <<?.22 <7? ;05. 60 77? >?5.<; 590 60;. >? 2?6 <06. ;0 > 666 >66. 9? > ?>; >>9. ?6

UACWDGHlgc _Pn

Dntgrknc àogrturn nhunc(d`) (d0 )

>>> 72<.99 >?6 92?.;< ><9 ?00.90 >9; <99.>6 ?>2 92>.72 ?55 5;0.70 0?7 6;9.;?

Uacudgh nhunc(_W`n + d`) ( d0 )

5 5; 76 2. 5> 9 ?< 5 ;9 .5 7 2 20 <6 ?. 0; > 6 95 25 ?. 72 > 0> ? 5 2; .< 2 > 56 6 > 5> .> 7 > ;7 6 7 29 .7 ?

Uacudgh nùducnla ( d0 ) 55; 762.5> ? 6;6 950.6> 5 >99 26?.;< >> >7; 22>.26 >9 ?00 662.>0 ?< 505 >>7.?< 00 556 <5>.<;

Î_GNlgc _Pn

Îrgn pnrn _W (N_s) ( Bn.) ?.?0 5.;9 ?6.7; 09.?6 79.<< 2?.>? >>?.?6

Îrgn tatnc (N\)(N_s x E)* ( Bn.)

0.6> ;.<> ?9.26 76.?? 99.77 >>6.25 >7>.<9

inr talas cas _W lg Nrgqukpn dgtrapacktnhn (U. lkstrktas sgcg``kahnlas), sg pra`glgh

n adpnrnr gstas vncargs ah cas ghàhtrnlas gh gc sktka, lnhla hncdghtg ada

rgsuctnla cas skiukghtgs vncargs:

Î_GN \A\NC LKPVAHKOCG VN_N UG_\KLA ;<6 576 d? (;<.> Bn.)\KVA LG UG_\KLA Dkxta (îrgn y trkh`bgrn)

NC\W_N V_ADGLKA LGC _Pn 06 d.@NVN@KLNL UACWDË\_K@N LGC PK\KA ? 2?> ;766 d0

UKLN Ú\KC LGC _Pn (sgiúh vacudgh) ?0 nþas UKLN Ú\KC LGC _Pn (sgiúh îrgn) >2 nþasUKLN Ú\KC V_ADGLKA ?6.7 nþas

@nog dgh`kahnr, qug talas cas îcùcas bnh skla rgnckznlas gh onsg n cns nhtklnlgs

tatncgs lg pralu``kðh lg _W ighgrnlas par cas lkstrktas pnrtk`kpnhtgs, ha bnokëhlasg

sustrnäla cas vacúdghgs lg dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas a rgùpgrnlas gh cn K\_, lnhla nsä

cuinr n uh dnrigh nlk`kahnc n cn npn`klnl lg vgrtkla tatnc, prgvkghla uh nudghta

u`tunhtg gh cn nhtklnl lg pralu``kðh lg _W qug usuncdghtg rgspahlgh n en`targs

gxtgrhas qug ha puglgh sgr ahtracnlas, ncùcnlas hk prgvkstas pnrn prayg`tas lg

gstg tkpa.

0.9 @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns lgc _Pn

@nrn`tgrästk`n Lgs`rkp`kðh

\KVA LG _W N LKPVAHG_(U. Uacúdgh K, @npätuca KU - N-Z Iuänlg _gskluas Wronhas, Vni. 6<; - 696)

\KVA KK - _gskluas Pkhiucnrgs_g`bnzas lg rgskluas lg onjn pgckirasklnl, lgdack`kðh,

vacudkhasas y rgskluas gspg`kncgs lg tala tkpa.

\KVA KKK - _gskluas HA pgckirasas_W sgpnrnlas gh arkigh gh ? `ntgiaräns: Ariîhkàs g

Khariîhk as, rg`bnzas lg KPV_, _W trkturnlas, @ghkzns lg

kh`khgrn`kðh ha pgckirasn, gt`.

\KVA LG @ADVN@\N@KÐH_gccgha Pnhktnrka Dg`nhkznla _W àdpn`tnla àh dnqukhnrkn n <76 Mi./d0

DË\ALA LG UG_\KLA Ugrt kla Dkx ta - Îrgn & tr kh bgrn

\NCWLGP LGC _GCCGHA? (o) : > (b) gh nhlghgränNcturn pradglka lg nhlëh <.66 d.

KDVG_DGNOKCKZN@KÐHLG ONPG

Onrrgrn sgh`kccn dkxtn \KVA 6>(U. Uacúdgh K, @npätuca KU - \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh,Vni. >0<) (U. Eki 90 )

PGCCNLA EKHNCOA\NLG_A CN VNP@NHN

@ah Igadnccn y ctra igatgxtkc \KVA 6< àh vgigtn`kðh praeuhln lg >.76 d. - ?.76 d. (U. Uacúdgh K, @npätuca KU - \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh,Vni. >09) (U. Eki 95 )

PGCCNLA EKHNC _Pn^WGO_NLN BAHLN

@ah Igadgdornhn y ctra igatgxtkc \KVA 6> (U. Uacúdgh K, @npätuca KU - \kpas lg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh,Vni. >09) (U. Eki 95 )

@lr.7> @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns lgc _Pn.U. Uacúdgh K, @npätuca KU - \kpaslg kdpgrdgnokckzn`kðh, Vni. >0<->09 y Eki. 90 y 95

?2; ?;6

0.2 Vrairndn kðh uronhn ùncktntkvn-ùnhtktntkvn

@lr.7? Vrairndn`kðh ùncktntkvn - ùnhtktntkvnuronhn. Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>6.

HA\N: @ahtkhun skiukghtg pîikhn

V_AI_NDN@KÐH @WNCK\N\KUN V_AI_NDN@KÐH @WNH\K\N\KUN

ZAHN N@\KUKLNL _G^WG_KDKGH\A GPVN@KNC EWH@KAHGP(hg`gsklnlgs) @NH\KLNL

N_GN \G@BN-LN VN_@KNC

(d?)

N_GN CKO_GVN_@KNC (d?)

\A\NC Î_GN\G@BNLN

(d?)

\A\NC Î_GNCKO_G(d?)

Vcnhtns Khlustrkncgs



Z A H N > - @ c n u s u r n &

_ g ` u p g r n ` k ð h p n k

s n j ä s t k ` n l g c O a t n l g r a C n V n s ` n h n

N`tkvklnlgs NÞA ‒6‛

(Khk`ka lg vgrtkla):

Lgstkhnlns n cn cnusurn y

ùork`kðh hnc lg cas __WW

lgc oatnlgra nc nkrg ckorg.

N`tkvklnlgs NÞA ‒?6‛

(Ekh lg vgrtkla):

Lgstkhnlns n cn rg`rgn`kðh

pnskvn y n`tkvn lg vksktnhtgs

nlgdîs lg n`tkvklnlgs lg

rgùpgrn`kðh y trntndkghta lg

insgs y ckxkvknlas pralu`klas

par gc nhtkiua oatnlgra y cas


9 966 >> ?66

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg ckxkvknlas yniuns supgr`kncgs

* \rntndkghta lg ckxkvknlas pralu`klas gh ZAHN > y ?* \rntndkghta lg niuns supgr`kncgs lg cn ZAHN >

> 7 566 < 766

Vcnhtn lg ghgriän gcë`trk`n + suogstn`kðh* @ahvgrskðh lgc ins pralu`kla gh gc _Pn n ghgriän gcë`trk`n* \rnhseardn`kðh lg ncta n dglknha vactnjg pnrn gc usa gh KPV_ > ? >66 0 766

\arrgs y pazas lg ahtrac lg insgs y ckxkvknlas* @ahtrac lg tuogräns rgàcg`tarns lg insgs y ckxkvknlas lgc nhtkiua

oatnlgra. Valrîh sgr usnlas tndokëh ada gspn`kas lg gxbkok`kðhgh vksktns iuknlns.

>6 - 0 ?66

Îrgns Hnturncgs y N tkvklnlgs rg`rgntkvns

766 50> <06

Oasqug lg _a`ns (Npn`bgtns) * Gxpg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh (CnhlNrt) gst. - ?; 066

Oasqug lg @n`tî`gns* Vratg``kðh ahtrn lgsnstrgs y ahtrac lg khtrusas* Gxpg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh lg arn ca`n g khvgstkin`kðh `kghtä`n

gst. - >>6 666

Dn`kzas Eargstncgs* Vratg``kðh lg vkghtas, nnhzndkghta lg `nu`gs y qugornlns

* Gxpg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh lg arn y enuhn ca`ncgst. - ;6 666

Vrnlgrn nctkpcîhk`n* @uork`kðh lg nhtkiua Oatnlgra ah vgigtn`kðh lg àrtn pghgtrn`kðh

* Gspg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh lg arn y enuhn ca`ncgst. - ?>2 926

Ecarkùcturn skcvgstrg* @uork`kðh lg îrgns lg vgrtkla àhtracnla àh args skcvgstrgs pnrn cn

khvgstkin`kðh, gxpg`tn`kðh, rg`rgn`kðh y adgr`knckzn`kðh gst. - >96 766

Ukvgras okatg`hacðikàs + Gstn`kðh lg khvgstkin`kðh* Gstulka, àhtrac y dgjarndkghta lg pcnhtn`kahgs lg arn y enuhn

ca`nc utkckznlns pnrn gc prayg`ta y pnrn adgr`knckzn`kðh > 766 >? 066

Gxbkok`kðh @artg lg Oatnlgra + Dkrnlar * Durnc qug dugstrn cas vgstkikas lgc Oatnlgra arkikhnc geg`tunhla

uh àrtg n trnvës lg cns lkegrghtg `npns gxkstghtgs > - 776

_gùpgrn`kðh lg `nu`gs y qugornlns

6 75 266Vks`khns Ncuvkahncgs * @ahtrac lg nulnc pcuvknc pravghkghtg lg grras y qugornlns 7 - ?9 766

\rntndkghta lg nu`gs * @ahsackln`kðh lg `nu`gs y qugornlns pgckirasas àh duras tkpainvkðh y vgigtn`kðh nroustkvn gst. - ?; 066

Îrgns @ucturncgs

<66 >< 5?6@ghtra lg vksktnhtgs + Gstn`kahgs lg aheart

* Gspn`kas lg norkia, pratg``kðh g kheardn`kðh pnrn gc vksktnhtgs* Gxbkok`kðh g khvgstkin`kðh < <66 -

Dkrnlargs * Aosgrvn`kðh lg khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs y îrgns hnturncgs ? - >?6

Gxbkok`kðh nc nkrg ckorg* _gnckzn`kðh lg gvghtas y gxbkok`kahgs tg`hacðik`ns, niräàcns,

khlustrkncgs y/a egrkns. > - >< 766

Lgpartgs lg nvghturn

756 << ><6@ghtra lgpartkva y gspnr`kdkghta

* Ighgrnr gspn`kas pnrn gc gspnr`kdkghta lgc pgrsahnc (trnonjnla-rgs y púockà gh ighgrnc, rg nhla gspn`kas pnrn aherntgrhkznr ygjgr`ktnrsg

> 756 5 ><6

@krùkta lg nrrgrns gh tkgrrn, ndkhntn lgdahtnþn y gs`ncnln

* @krùktas pnrn gc usa lg ok`k`cgtn lg dahtnþn, bkmmkhi, gs`ncnln y trgmmkhi > - 02 666

Lgsnrracca vknc

6 >?> ?66

Khtgrvgh`kðh lg Nutapkstn Nrgqukpn - [urn* Ghsnh`bndkghta lg väns n`tuncgs (hugvns sg``kahgs)* Lksgþa lgc hugva k htgr`ndoka vknc lg n``gsa nc adpcgja (ðvnca) gst. - 57 666

Uän prkh`kpnc lg n``gsa n cns K\_ * @ahgxkðh ghtrg cn vän Nrgqukpn - [urn y cns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs gst. - ?9 666@krùktas lg prkdgr arlgh(usa dkxta:vgbkùcnr, k`cavkns y pglgstrg)

* @ahgxkðh khtgrhn ghtrg glk`kas, gstn`kahndkghtas y îrgns lg vgrtkla

* Gvnùn`kah lg niuns supgr`kncgs dglknhtg `nhncgs lg lrghnjggst. - >6 ?66

@krùktas lg sgiuhla arlgh(usa gx`cuskva pnrn `k`caväns y pgntahgs)

* Nrrkghla lg ok`k`cgtns y pntkhgs pnrn usnr gh rgàrrklas y krùktasncrglglar lg cns îrgns hnturncgs gst. - >; 666

Pgrvk`kas àdpcgdghtnrkas

?76 ? 076Vnogccðh lg khirgsa, rg`gp`kðh y pgsnjg* @ahtrac lgc khirgsa lg vksktnhtgs, nhtklnl lg _W y vkikcnh`kn lg cns

khstncn`kahgs > ?76 976

Vnrquga nutadðvkcgs vksktnhtgs* Vnrquga lg vgbäùcas ckvknhas y dglknhas(`npn`klnl tatnc: 55 nutas) 0 - > 566

PWO- \A\NCGP ZAHN > ; <>6 22> 9<6

?;> ?;?

Vrairndn`kðh uncktntkvn - unhtktntkvn uronhn.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>6.

HA\N: @ahtkhun lgslg pîikhn nhtgrkar


ZAHN N@\KUKLNL _G^WG_KDKGH\A GPVN@KNC EWH@KAHGP(hg`gsklnlgs) @NH\KLNL

N_GN \G@BN-LN VN_@KNC

(d?)

N_GN CKO_GVN_@KNC (d?)

\A\NC Î_GN\G@BNLN

(d?)

\A\NC Î_GNCKO_G(d?)

Vcnhtns Khlustrkncgs



Z A H N ? -

@ a h s t r u ` ` k ð h l g c n H u g v n K \ _

&

_ g c c g h a P n h k t n r k a l g ^ u g o r n l n B a h l n

N`tkvklnlgs NÞA ‒6‛

(Khk`ka lg vgrtkla):

Lgstkhnlns n cn ahstru``kðh

lg cns hugvns khstncn`kahgs lg

trntndkghta y cnsk`n`kðh lg

__WW (Vcnhtn lg Khariîhkàs

y lg @adpastnjg) nlgdîs lg

cn ahstru``kðh lg cns hugvns

îrgns lg vgrtkla ahtracnla.

N`tkvklnlgs NÞA ‒?6‛

(Ekh lg vgrtkla):

Lgstkhnlns n cn uork`kðh y

`cnusurn hnc lgc _gccgha

Pnhktnrka @ahtracnla lg

ûgornln Bahln dglknhtg cn

rgstnurn`kðh lgc pnksnjg ca`nc

y cn npnrk`kðh lg hugvns n`tk-

vklnlgs ucturncgs, rg`rgntkvns

y nldkhkstrntkvns (IK_W).

<6 290 07 266

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg insgs lg vgrtglgra* Ncdn`ghndkghta y trnhseardn`kðh lg insgs rgàcg`tnlas lg cns

ZAHNP >-? pnrn pralu``kðh lg dgtnha (dnqukhnrkn y ndkahgs) yghgriän gcë`trk`n (khstncn`kahgs)

> 5 666 ? 666

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg niuns supgr`kncgs * \rntndkghta lg niuns supgr`kncgs lg cn ZAHN ? > 0 666 ? 766

Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg _W Khariîhkàs * @cnsk`n`kðh, ncdn`ghnla y vghtn lg _W khariîhkàs > ?6 7?0 >; 766

Vcnhtn lg @adpastnjg * \rntndkghta y pralu``kðh lg @adpast n pnrtkr lg _W ariîhkàs > >> 066 5 6<6

\arrgs y pazas lg ahtrac lg insgs y ckxkvknlas * @ahtrac lg tuogräns rgàcg`tarns lg insgs y ckxkvknlas lgc nhtkiuaoatnlgra. Valrîh sgr usnlas tndokëh ada gspn`kas lg gxbkok`kðhgh vksktns iuknlns.

>2 - 7 956

\ar rg pgr earnlarn pnrn aotgh`kðh lg niun suotgr rîhgn * Gxtrn``kðh lg niun suotgr rîhgn pnrn su usa g h cns khstncn`kahgs > 76 -

Îrgns Hnturncgs y N tkvklnlgs rg`rgntkvns

766 > <9; ?56

Oasqug lg _a`ns (Npn`bgtns) * Gxpg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh (CnhlNrt) gst. - >95 976

Oasqug lg @n`tî`gns* Vratg``kðh ahtrn lgsnstrgs y ahtrac lg khtrusas* Gxpg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh lg arn ca`n g khvgstkin`kðh `kghtä`n

gst. - >29 766

Dn`kzas Eargstncgs* Vratg``kðh lg vkghtas, nnhzndkghta lg `nu`gs y qugornlns

* Gxpg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh lg arn y enuhn ca`ncgst. - >?5 ?76

Vrnlgrn nctkpcîhk`n* @uork`kðh lg nhtkiua Oatnlgra ah vgigtn`kðh lg àrtn pghgtrn`kðh

* Gspg`tn`kðh y gxbkok`kðh lg arn y enuhn ca`ncgst. - 9?6 956

Ecarkùcturn skcvgstrg* @uork`kðh lg îrgns lg vgrtkla àhtracnla àh args skcvgstrgs pnrn cn

khvgstkin`kðh, gxpg`tn`kðh, rg`rgn`kðh y adgr`knckzn`kðh gst. - ?76 666

Ukvgras okatg`hacðikàs + Gstn`kðh lg khvgstkin`kðh* Gstulka, àhtrac y dgjarndkghta lg pcnhtn`kahgs lg arn y enuhn

ca`nc utkckznlns pnrn gc prayg`ta y pnrn adgr`knckzn`kðh? 766 >2 666

_gùpgrn`kðh lg `nu`gs y qugornlns

6 096 576Vks`khns Ncuvkahncgs * @ahtrac lg nulnc pcuvknc pravghkghtg lg grras y qugornlns >< - ?>? 576

\rntndkghta lg nu`gs* @ahsackln`kðh lg `nu`gs y qugornlns pgckirasas àh duras tkpa

invkðh y vgigtn`kðh nroustkvn gst. - >72 666

Îrgns @ucturncgs

?666 >96 ?<6

@ghtra lg vksktnhtgs + Gstn`kahgs lg aheart* Gspn`kas lg norkia, pratg``kðh g kheardn`kðh pnrn gc vksktnhtgs* Gxbkok`kðh g khvgstkin`kðh

9 966 -

Dkrnlargs * Aosgrvn`kðh lg khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs y îrgns hnturncgs < - ?<6

Aosgrvntarka lg Nuquëhklas +Gsùgcn të`hk`n lg khvgstkin`kðh

* Gxbkok`kðh y aosgrvn`kðh lg nuquëhklas y enuhn ca`nc > 776 -

Ukvgra lg nuquëhklas * @rknhzn lg nuquëhklas pnrn aosgrvn`kðh g khvgstkin`kðh `kghtä`n gst. - 57 666

Gxbkok`kðh nc nkrg ckorg* _gnckzn`kðh lg gvghtas y gxbkok`kahgs tg`hacðik`ns, niräàcns,

khlustrkncgs y/a egrkns. > 976 >67 666

Lgpartgs lg nvghturn

6 <? 766@krùkta lg nrrgrns gh tkgrrn, ndkhntn lgdahtnþn y gs`ncnln

* @krùktas pnrn gc usa lg ok`k`cgtn lg dahtnþn, bkmmkhi, gs`ncnln y trgmmkhi > - <? 766

Lgsnrracca vknc

6 >79 766@krùktas lg prkdgr arlgh(usa dkxta:vgbkùcnr, k`cavkns y pglgstrg)

* @ahgxkðh khtgrhn ghtrg glk`kas, gstn`kahndkghtas y îrgns lg vgrtkla

* Gvnùn`kah lg niuns supgr`kncgs dglknhtg `nhncgs lg lrghnjggst. - >?5 666

@krùktas lg sgiuhla arlgh(usa gx`cuskva pnrn `k`caväns y pgntahgs)

* Nrrkghla lg ok`k`cgtns y pntkhgs pnrn usnr gh rgàrrklas y krùktasncrglglar lg cns îrgns hnturncgs gst. - 0> 766

Pgrvk`kas àdpcgdghtnrkas

6 7 766Vnrquga nutadðvkcgs vksktnhtgs

* Vnrquga lg vgbäùcas ckvknhas y dglknhas(`npn`klnl tatnc: 55 nutas) < - 7 766

PWO- \A\NCGP ZAHN > <0 ?76 ? ?5> <76

\A\NCGP - ZAHN > + ? 7? 920 (7.?2 bn.)

0 ><0 >;6 (0><.0? bn)

rg`bnzas

gcg`trk`klnl

gcg`trk`klnl

?;0 ?;<

<. Gc skstgdn uronhaPkstgdn lg uja lg rgskluas, ghgriän, rgùrsas bälrkàs y insgasas

Eki.>2; Pkstgdn uronha lg euh`kahndkghta.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.



`ndkahgsrgàcg`targs

rg`bnzas

ins lg vgrtglgra

i n s g s l g

p r a ` g s a

niuns lg pra`gsa

niuns irksgsy pcuvkncgs

niunshgirns

niuns pnrnrginläa

niuns pnrnrginläa

niuns pnrnrginläa

niuns patnocg

@adpast irnla KU

_W ha trntnlas

niuns lg `nhncgs supgrek kncgs

ckxkvknlas

` a d o u s t k o c g

` a

d o u s t k o c g

gcg`trk`klnl

_W ariîhkàs

gcg`trk`klnl

insgs lgokaekctras

_W trntnlas

n i u n s

h g i r n s

@ K W L N L

_ G C C G H A

P N H K \ N _ K A

(

_ P n )

pcnhtn lgtrntndkghta

lgkhariîhkàs

pcnhtn lgàdpastnjg

pcnhtn lglgsinskek`n`kðh

pcnhtn lgghgriän

pcnhtn lgckxkvknlas

pcnhtn lgniuns suotgrrîhgns

y supgrek`kncgs

?;7 ?;5

7. Lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa khlustrkncEki.>;6 Lknirndn lg Ecuja Khlustrknc Wronha.

Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

>. _gccgha Pnhktnrka ?. Vcnhtn lg lgsinske`n kðh



rg`bnzas pravghkghtg lg cnslkegrghtgs pcnhtns lg trntndkghta

gxtghlkla lg _W

àdpn`tn kðh lg _W

ùork kðh lg _W

sgccnla lg _W

rgùpgrn kðh lgckxkvknlas

lgsinske`n kðhlgc _Pn

lgpðskta lg ckxkvknlas

pra`gsa lg ðsdasks khvgrsn lg trgs ensgs

tarrg lg lgsar kðh lg ndahänà

ckxkvknla lg pazaslg nptn kðh lgc _Pn

gstnhqug okacðik a

niun pnrn krrkin kðh

ckxkvknla lg oncsns lgrgiucn kðh lg adpastnjg

lgpurn kðh lg nkrg gh okaectra

insgs pravghkghtgs lg skstgdny pazas lg nptn kðh lgc _Pn

gstn kðh rgiucnlarn

lgpurnlar lg insgs

irupa datar nctgrhnlar

ghgriän gcë`trk n ins pnrn vgbä ucas

tnhqugsncdn`ghnlargs

0. Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta ckxkvknlas

?;9 ?;2

5. Cn klgn àh`gptunc uronhn

...lahlg sg utkck g cn nhlghgrän àdatë`hk n dalgcnlarn lgc gspn kauronha y àda rgegrghtg nc àhtgxta



+

+

+

\rnhseardnr y rgùpgrnruh täpkà rgccgha snhktnrka

y oatnlgragh uh pnrqug tg`hacðikà

`glkla n cn kulnl...

ca`nc...

...lahlg sg rg`rggh y rgvncarghcas pnksnjgs ca`ncgs lgc nctkpcnha,cn sgrrnhän y cn `ndpkþn dglknhtgcn utkckzn kðh lg gspg kgs lgarn y enuhn ca`nc y lg uh lksgþa

pnksnjästk a n arlg ah cns`nrn tgrästk ns eäsk ns y sa ka- ùcturncgs lg cn zahn...

...lahlg sg pradugvnh cas lgpartg lg nvghturn, cnkhvgstkin kðh y glu`n kðh dglka-ndokghtnc gh tarha nc tgdnlg cn ighgrn kðh, trntndkghta y lkspask kðh hnc lg __WW...

...lahlg sg pradugvn uhn pacätk nlg _G@K@CNJG dglknhtg cnutkckzn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs y rgskluasighgrnlas gh cn kulnl y gh cnsgx`nvn kahgs lg cns dksdns îrgnslg vgrtkla.

?;; 066

• Gvktnhla dalk`nr gc trnza arkikhnc lg cncähgn eërrgn y lg nctn tghskðh= prgvkghla su

pnsa n hkvgc y àca`nhla cns kherngstru`turnsn uhn lkstnh`kn dnyar n 06 dgtras.

9. Vrgdksns & gstrntgikns lg lksgþa

6> àdprghlgr gc cuinr

• Nàdalîhlasg n cns atns lg hkvgc lg cnn`tunc y nsä ighgrnr cns îrgns lg vgrtkla ghtrggstns.

• Ighgrnhla uh pnksnjg hnturnc n trnvës lg

67ghtghlgr cn tapairneän

Eki.>;> Vrgdksns y gstrntgikns lg lksgþa VN_\G >.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.



y

• Dgjarnhla cn n``gskokcklnl nc cuinr lgslg cnn`tunc vän Nrgqukpn-[urn.

• _gspgtnhla cn lgckdktn`kðh lg cn Zahns > y?, gvktnhla glk`nr saorg gc n`tunc oatnlgra.

• _gspgtnhla cas cädktgs lgc àdpcgja.

• Dnxkdkznhla gc îrgn lgstkhnln nc vgrtkla lg_W (Nþa 6) y n cns n`tkvklnlgs rg`rgntkvns,lgpartkvns y hnturncgs (Nþa ?6).

• @ghtrnckznhla y arinhkznhla cns khstncn`ka-hgs khlustrkncgs n ca cnria lg uh gjg arlghn-la y ahtracnla.

• Ighgrnhla uh ctra ghtrg cn ZAHN >(nhtkiua Oatnlgra) y cn ZAHN ? (hugvnstg`hacaikns lg vgrtkla y rgùpgrn`kðh) n`-tunhla ada pugrtn ghtrg gc pnsnla y eutura(nhncaiän).

• Ikrîhlacn bnstn nckhgnr su cnla dnyar pgrpghlkùcnrdghtg àh gc Hartg pnrn dnyarnpravg`bndkghta ghgriëtkà.

• Ncgjîhlacn ca dnyar paskocg lg cas lgpðsktaslg _W lgc oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn y lg cnscähgns eërrgns y lg nctn tghskðh

• Nàdalîhlacn n cn tapairneän pnrn cairnr uhlgs`ghsa hnturnc lg cas _W pra`gsnlas.

• Gvnlkghla cn cähgn eërrgn pnrn nàdalnr cnsn`tkvklnlgs lg cn skiukghtg dnhgrn:

@aca`nhla cns Vcnhtns lg khariîhkàs y adpastnjg,qug prgsghtnh dnyar trîhskta y n`tkvklnl, ca dîs ncg-

jnla paskocg lg cn cähgn eërrgn= uok`îhlacas gh ca dîsncta lg cn onrrn pnrn cairnr uhn näln hnturnc lg cas _W.

Wok`nhla cns Vcnhtns lg insgs y ckxkvknlas gh cns àtnsdîs onjns lg cn ZAHN >, cairnhla uhn rgàcg``kðhhnturnc lg cas pralu`tas.

Ca`nckznhla cn Vcnhtn lg ghgriän gcë`trk`n ca dîs`gr`n paskocg n cn cähgn lg nctn tghskðh.

àdprkdkr gc prairndn gh uhn onrrn

nàdalnr cn onrrn nc tgrrgha

sg` kahnr cn onrrn sgiúh cn hg`gsklnl

6?

60

6<

• Ighgrnhla uh pnksnjg hnturnc n trnvës lgcns tgrrnzns lg vgrtkla, ndoknhla cn täpk`nkdnigh lg rgccgha snhktnrka (pnrg`kla n uhdahtg a ackhn).

• _gccghnhla cn Zahn (>) ah < n 5 dgtras lgdntgrknc lg aogrturn pnrn gc sgccnla hnclgc n`tunc Oatnlgra lg Cn Vns`nhn.

• _gccghnhla cn Zahn (?) ah >6 n >7 dgtraslg ncturn lg _W, rg`bnzas y dntgrknc lgàogrturn hnc.

• Ighgrnhla gc vacudgh hg`gsnrka pnrn gclgpðskta lg _W gh cn ZAHN ? y nsä adpcg-tnr cas 06 - 07 dgtras lg ncturn hg`gsnrkas

pnrn gc _Pn. (Gx`nvn kðh pradglka ?6 - ?7dgtras par lgonja lg cns n`tuncgs urvns lghkvgc).

• @uorkghla hncdghtg cns îrgns lg vgrtklaàh tnpk`gs hnturncgs aheardnlas par dn-tgrkncgs ca`ncgs rgsuctnhtgs lg cn gx`nvn`kðh(pkglrns y ra`ns), nsä ada gspg`kgs ghlëdk-`ns lg arn y enuhn.

• @adpahkghla uh skstgdn ntgrrnznla ndnhgrn lg nhlghgrän ahtghkln par invkahgsrgccghas ah pkglrns y gsàdoras aotghklaslg cns dksdns gx`nvn`kahgs.

• Lksgþnhla uh skstgdn ndoknhtg sgiúh cngstn`kðh y lg irnh vnrkglnl y vgrsntkcklnl nca cnria lg cns tgrrnzns.

ZAHN >

ZAHN >

ZAHN ?

ZAHN ?

gcgvnr cn tapairneän

lgprkdkr cn tapairneän

tnpkznr cn hugvn nhlghgrän

65

69

62

}

}}

H

06> 06?

6;

>0lkstrkoukr cns n tkvklnlgs

utkckznr väns lg n``gsa arkikhncgs

• Khàrparîhlacns nc lksgþa ada puhta lgn``gsa n talns cns khstncn`kahgs lgslg cn vänNrgqukpn - [urn.

• Pgirginhla cn vän prkh`kpnc gh ? tkpas: pnrn

• Lg nùgrla n cns nrn`tgrästk`ns lgc cuinr:

Cns kherngstru`turns khlustrkncgs sg uok`nh gh cn zahn`ghtrnc pnrn dnxkdkznr gc îrgn ckorg y skdpck`nr skstg-dns apgrntkvas.

Cns îrgns lg khvgstkin`kðh y uok`n`kðh lg enuhn ca`ncc î c l c c j

Eki.>;? Vrgdksns y gstrntgikns lg lksgþa VN_\G ?.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.



lgsnrraccnr väns prkdnrkns

lgsnrraccnr krùktas sgùhlnrkas

khàrparnr gc skstgdn lg niunssupgre kncgs nc skstgdn vknc

>6

>>

>?

pratgigr cas `nu`gs hnturncgs

pratgigrsg lg cas vkghtas

nsgiurnr cn khtgirklnl lgc àdpcgja

><

>7

>5

• Pgirginhla cn vän prkh`kpnc gh ? tkpas: pnrn vgbäùcas pgsnlas (@ndkahgs lg onsurn - ghraja) y vgbäùcas ckvknhas y krùkta pglgstrg(vksktnhtgs, nutas, ok`k`cgtns y pgntahgs - ghvgrlg), lg tnc eardn qug ha sg ghtarpgz`nhcns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs y sg pratgjn n casvksktnhtgs lg paskocgs n``klghtgs y/a ahtn-dkhn`kðh nsunc.

• _gùorkghla y pratgikghla cas nu`gs ahuh skstgdn khtgirnla lg invkahgs y vgig-tn`kðh nroustkvn qug pgrdktn ahsacklnrcas oarlgs pgckirasas y pgrdktnh cn rîpklngvnùn`kðh lg niuns nc nu`g hnturnc.

• Lksgþnhla uh skstgdn khtgirnc lg pks`khnsncuvkahncgs pnrn ahtracnr cn vgca`klnl y gc`nu`g lg ugornln Oughnvkstn, skghla gstncn qug rg`kog dnyar nrin nùäegrn lgslg gc@grra @artnlgrns.

• Vcnhtnhla dn`kzas eargstncgs gh eardn lgdglkn cuhn n ca cnria lg tala gc oarlg agstg,

pginla n ûgornln Bahln pnrn àhtracnr cnkh`klgh`kn lg cas vkghtas.

Lg gstn eardn sg gvktn cn gcgvn`kðh lg pnr-täùcns y aojgtas gh suspghskðh lurnhtg gc

pra`gsa lg vgrtkla rglu kghla cas kdpn`tasndokghtncgs gh gc ghtarha.

• Pgdornhla oasqugs lg n`tî`gns pnrncgca ntaln cn ugornln Oughnvkstn y nsä gvktnr qugkhtrusas dnckhtgh`kahnlas khirgsgh nc ad-

pcgja, nlgdîs lg àhtracnr qug cns lkegrghtgsgspg`kgs lg enuhn qug nbä rg`gh puglnhgs`nrpnr a sgnh burtnlns.

• N pnrtkr lgc gstulka g khtgrprgtn`kðh lg cntapairneän gxkstghtg, gstns väns sgrîh gh uh

prkh`kpka útkcgs pnrn gc trnhspartg lg _Wlgslg cns K\_ bn`kn cns zahns lg vgrtklaàhtghklns gh su khtgrkar.

Whn vgz bnyn nc`nhznla su tkgdpa lg vklnútkc pnrn vgrtkla, gstns väns sgrvkrîh n cas vk-sktnhtgs ada uh ductk-skstgdn: ralavknrka,

pglgstrg, àh `k`caväns y väns pnrn pntkhnjg,àhg`tnhla cns lkegrghtgs zahns rg`rgntkvns ylgpartkvns.

• ug skinh khtgckightgdghtg cn tapairneänhnturnc y gstëh ahhnlas lghtra lg cns väns

prkdnrkns.

• Cas krùktas lg cn Zahn > y ? sg ahg`tnrîhn su vgz n trnvës lg cn hugvn K\_ y lg casglk`kas ucturncgs y nldkhkstrntkvas nbä

prapugstas.

• Dglknhtg gc lksgþa lg uhn sgrkg lg `nhncgsnlyn`ghtgs n cns väns prkdnrkns qug ccgvnrîhlg eardn hnturnc (par irnvglnl) cns niuns lgccuvkn rgàcg`tnlns lgslg cas tnpk`gs hnturn-cgs bn`kn cns pcnhtns lg trntndkghta.

• Gstns pcnhtns gstîh uok`nlns gh cns atnsdîs onjns lg nln zahn n cn qug skrvgh ynsä npravg`bnr cn irnvglnl ada dglka lgtrnhspartg ah asta gra.

sg ghùghtrnh cns pnrtg dîs nctn lgc àdpcgja par sgcn zahn dîs àhtracnln, nkscnln y ckdntacðik`ndghtgklðhgn.

Cns zahns lg ghtrgtghkdkghta, rg`rgn`kðh pnskvn ygxpg`tn`kðh hnturnc sg ca`nckznh gh cns zahns dghasnirgstgs (pcnhk`kg) y ah dghar rkgsia.

Cas lgpartgs lg nvghturns bns skla ca`nckznlas ghgc sg`tar qug prgsghtn cns pghlkghtgs dîs eugrtgs y

prahuh`knlns prapk`kns pnrn gstg tkpa lg lgpartgs.

` a t n d î s n c t n

ûgornln Bahln

^ u g o r n l n O u g h n v k s t n

` a t n d

î s o n j n

060 06<

2. @rahacaiän prairndîtk`n & lg n`tkvklnlgs

s k h l u s t r k n c g s

0 . 7

5 B n . - > . >

? %

< . < 9 B n . - > . <

6 %

> 9 . 0 9 B n . - 7 . < 7 %

6 . ?

5 B n . - 6 . >

6 %

> . 7

6 B n . - 6 . < 7 %

? 5 . ; 7 B n . - 2 . 7

6 %

5 0 . >

; B n . - > ; . ; 7 %

> 9 6 . 6

> B n . - 7 0 . 9

6 %

? ; . 7 7 B n . - ; . 0

0 %

& g

l u ` n ` k ð h

ð h l g ` n u ` g s

s h n t u r n c g s &

s r g ` r g n t k v n s

n s l g v g r t k l a

l n s

( g r k n z a )

s l g n v g h t u r n

g s n r r a c c a v k n c

p n r q u g a Eki.>;0 @rahacaiän prairndîtk`n y lg n`tkvklnlgs.




@ADVAP\NJG

G_KNZA

G_KNZA

G_KNZA

G_KNZA

@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

DK_NLA_ V C N H \N

GCË@\_K@N

DK_NLA_

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@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

C K R K U K N L A P

UKUG_AP

EA_GP\N@KAH

GRBKOK@KAHUG_\KLAUG_\KLA

UG_\KLAUG_\KLA

UG_\KLA

V _ N L G _ N

E C A _ G P P K C U G P \ _ G P

OAP^WG_A@NP

N@@GPAV_KH@KVNC

N@@GPAPG@WHLN_KA

V_A\G@@KAH@NW@GPVKP@KHNPNCWUKAHNCGP

VKP@KHNPNCWUKAHNCGP

VKP@KHNPNCWUKAHNCGP

N@@GPA PG@WHLN_KA

@AH\_AC

VGPNJG

V C N H \ NKHA_IÎHK@AP

L G V A _ \ G PNU G H \ W _ N

@ W C \ W _ N & C A I Ä P \ K @ N

_G@_GN@KAH

O A P ^ W G _ A @ N P

VN_^WGA

VN_^WGA

@ W C \ W _ N &

C A I Ä P \ K @ N

@ADVAP\NJGINPGPNIWNP

@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

DK_NLA_

V C N H \ NGCË@\_K@N

DK_NLA_

DK_NLA_ DK_NLA_

_A@NP

@N@\N@GNP@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

@N@\N@GNP

C K R K U K

N L A P

UKUG_AP

UKUG_AP

UKUG_AP

_G@_GN@KAH

EA_GP\N@KAH

EA_GP\N@KAH

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GRBKOK@KAHGRBKOK@KAH

V _ N L

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V_A\G@@KAH@NW@GPVKP@KHNP NCWUKAHNCGP

VKP@KHNP NCWUKAHNCGP

VKP@KHNPNCWUKAHNCGP

KHUGP\KIN@KAHI_NHJNP NW^WGHKLAP

AOPG_UN@KAH NW^WGHKLAPN@@GPAPG@WHLN_KA

@AH\_AC

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V N _ ^ W G A

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V C N H \ NKHA_IÎHK@AP

L G V A _ \ G PNU G H \ W _ N

L G V A _ \ G PN U G H \ W _ N

N Þ A 6

6 - k h k ` k a l g a p g r n ` k a h g s

N Þ A 6

6 - k h k ` k a l g a p g r n ` k a h g s

p c n h t n s

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?

9 . 2 9 B n . - 2 . 2

6 %

6

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> 2 . 9

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? > > . > 9 B n . -

5 5 . 5 7 %

p c n h t n s k h l u s t r k n c g s

` u c t u r n

` u c t u r n &

g l u ` n ` k ð h

p r a t g ` ` k ð

p r a t g ` ` k ð h l g ` n u ` g s

î r g n s

n ` t k v k l n l g s

î r g n s h n t u r n c g s &

n ` t k v k l n l g s r g ` r g n t k v n s

î r g n

î r g n s h a k h t g r v g h k

l g p a r t g s

l g p a r t g s l g n v g h t u r n

l

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7 - ` g s

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067 065

;. Dnstgrpcnh qugornln bahln ?6>6 - ?607



6 >66 066 766d.

Eki.>;< Dnstgrpcnh ^ugornlnBahln ?6>6-?607. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn?6>6.

069 062

N



Eki.>;7 Lgtnccg N. Dnstgrpcnh ^ugornln Bahln ?6>6-?607. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

Eki.>;5 Lgtnccg O. Dnstgrpcnh ^ugornln Bahln ?6>6-?607. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6. (Vîikhn apugstn).

06; 0>6



Eki.>;9 Lgtnccg @. Dnstgrpcnh ^ugornln Bahln ?6>6-?607. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

Eki.>;2 Lgtnccg L. Dnstgrpcnh ^ugornln Bahln ?6>6-?607. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6. (Vîikhn apugstn).

0>> 0>?

>6. Dntrkz lg gcgdghtas uronhas Eki.>;; Dntrkz lg gcgdghtas Wronhas. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.

pks`khns ncuvkahncgs

`nhncgs pnrn niun supgr`knc (ccuvkn)

`nu`gs hnturncgs lg räa y qugornln



G

G

G

G

G

G

G

V>

V?

V>

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

V>

V?

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

V>

V?

G

G

G

G

G

G

G

V>

V>

V?

kherngstru turns niuns supgre kncgs

rgùpgrn kðh ckxkvknlas

lgsinske`n kðh & ghgriän gcë trk n

lkstrkou kðh lg rgskluas

skstgdn lg davkdkghta

vgigtn kðh + hugvn tapairneän

supgre kgs tnpkznhtgs (ùork kðh ehnc)

6> 67

65

69

62

6?

60

6<

glkck`kns

`krùcn`kahgs vgbkùcnrgs + k`caväns

`nu`gs hnturncgs lg räa y qugornln

àcg`tarns lg rgàja lg ckxkvknlas

cähgn lg nctn tghskðh

pcnhtns lg rgùpgrn`kðh ghgriëtk`n

tuogräns lg rgàja lg insgs lg vgrtglgra

tarrgs y pazas lg ahtrac lg insgs

tarrgs y pazas lg ahtrac lg ckxkvknlas

pcnhtn lg lgsinsk`n`kðh

lgpðsktas gxkstghtgs lg _W

îrgns lg vgrtkla àhtracnla (eutura)

pcnhtn lg ighgrn`kðh lg ghgriän gcë`trk`n

pcnhtn lg trntndkghta lgniuns irksgs y supgr`kncgs

pcnhtn lg trntndkghta lgckxkvknlas y niuns supgr`kncgs

pcnhtn lg trntndkghta lgckxkvknlas y niuns supgr`kncgs

`krùcn`kahgs pgntahncgs + k`caväns

`krùktas lgpartg lg nvghturn

vän eërrgn

gstn`kahndkghtas

oasqugs (nroargtud y nroustas)

oasqugs lg n`tî`gns y nroustkvns

supgr`kg lg invkðh (rkvgrn lg qugornlns)

args skcvgstrgs

oasqug lg ra`ns y nroustkvns

pcnhk`kg nctkpcîhk`n (pnstas hnturncgs)

0>0 0><

>>. Ensgs lg gjgù`kðh

Ð H

ENPG > - _GDGLKN@KÐH6> - 62 nþas 62 - >7 nþas >7 - ?? nþas ?? - 06 nþas

ENPG ? - PGDO_NLA ENPG 0 - _G@AHUG_PKÐH ENPG < - NLNV\N@KÐH EKHNC

Eki.?66 Ensgs Lg Gjgù`kðh lgc Dnstgrpcnh. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>6.



K H E _ N G P \ _ W @ \ W _ N

U K N C K L N L

P W V G _ E K @ K G P

U G I G \ N @ K Ð H

Î _ G N K H \ G _ U G H @ K Ð

îrgn khtgrvghkln par ensg

kherngstru`turns

vgbäùcas + k`caväns

pratg``kðh lg nu`gsùork`kðh y pcnhtn`kðh hnc

`nhnckzn`kðh lg qugornlns

npgrturn lg îrgn lg vgrtkla lg _W

pgntahgs + k`caväns`krùktas lgpartg lg nvghturn

oasqugs (nroargtud y nroustas)oasqugs (`n`tî`gns y nroustkvns)

vkvgras okatg`hacðikàs

0>7 0>5

>?. Lgtnccgs lg vkncklnlEki.?6> Lgtnccgs lg Ukncklnl lgc Dnstgrpcnh.




0>9 0>2

>0. Vnharîdk`ns lgc dnstgrpcnh(o)



Eki.?6? Kdîighgs pnharîdk`ns lgc Dnstgrpcnh.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

(n) Vgrspg`tkvn nërgn(o) Khirgsa Vrkh`kpnc - Glk`ka lg pgsnjg, pgnjg y iunrlknhän (`) Gxpcnhnln lg gvghtas, ndpas lg args skcvgstrgs,

`krùktas lg lgpartgs lg dahtnþn, nhlghgrän y `ndpaslg pnstas hnturncgs.

(l) @krùktas lg trgmmkhi, ndkhntns y oasqug lg `n`tî`gns y nroustkvns.

(n)

(`)

(l)

0?60>;

><. Kdpn`ta gstëtkà y igstkðh lg rgùrsas

Eki.?60 Kdnigh pnharîdk`n dastrnhla casnspg`tas g kdpn`ta gstëtkà lgc



GC VNKPNJG NC\KVCÎH K@A

Pg bn prapugsta cn kdpcnhtn`kðh lg

arn ghlëdk`n (pnstkzncgs, `n`tî`gns,

k`bu y args skcvgstrgs) ada tnpk`gs

qug rg`rgnh gc pnksnjg nctkpcîhkà duy

täpkà lg cn zahn. Nlk`kahncdghtg, sg bn

prapugsta cn `rknhzn y aosgrvn`kðh lg

enuhn nutð`tahn (nuquëhklas, raglargs

y rgptkcgs) àda dglka lg prada`kðh y

glu`n`kðh gh gc ùklnla lg cn okalkvgr-

sklnl ca`nc.

CN NHLGHG_ÄN, DALGCNLA_N

LGC GPVN@KA W_ONHA

Lnla gc `nrî`tgr ntgrrnznla prapka lg

tala rgccgha snhktnrka, sg caira àhvgrtkr

cas täpkàs tgrrnpcghgs gh uh skstgdn lg

nhlghgrän.

Gstg pgrdktg dalgcnr cns pghlkghtgs lgc

sktka duy ùklnlasndghtg y nsä cairn rgù-

pgrnr uh skstgdn nh`gstrnc duy àdúh-

dghtg gdpcgnla gh paocnlas

lg cn sgrrnhän.

CAP DW_AP LG DN\G_KNC GRVWGP\A

Pg bn prapugsta cn àhstru``kðh lg uh irnh skstgdn lg àhtrneugr-

tgs y duras lg skccnr n ca cnria lg cn en`bnln prkh`kpnc. Gstas n

rgdgdornhzn lg cas nhtkiuas ahtrneugrtgs y en`bnlns acahkncgs

àhstruklns gh cn `kulnl, cairnh rgdgdarnr y rgvncarnr cn gstëtk`n

lg cn àhstru``kðh ca`nc dglknhtg uhn nlnptn`kðh àhtgdparîhgn

n trnvës lg duras lg invkahgs rgccghas lg rkpka lg skccnr (rgskluas

rg`k`cnlas).

Nsä dksda, nc gdpcgnr dntgrkncgs ahsgiuklas gh `nhtgrns ca`ncgs

a kh-sktu sg cairn dkdgtkznr gc glk`ka àh gc àhtgxta, bn`kghla

pnrg`gr n cn pcnhtn khlustrknc àda uh àhjuhta lg rgstas nrquga-

cðikàs ndpck`nhla su `nrî`tgr gstëtkà y cúlkà.

N_^WK\G@\W_N >66% LGC CWIN_

Wh npartg kdpartnhtg lgc prayg`ta rnlk`n gh cn utkckzn`kðh lg dn-

tgrkncgs y të`hk`ns ca`ncgs lg ahstru``kðh qug pgrdktgh rgvncarnr

y rgpatgh`knr cn gstëtk`n lg cn nrquktg`turn ca`nc, cairnhla nsä uhn

nrquktg`turn prapkn lgc cuinr.

Pg bn cairnla rg `npturnr pnrtg lg cn gsgh`kn lg cn nrquktg`turn

nrgqukpgþn, dglknhtg gc gdpcga lg eardns dn`kzns y paà lgàrn-

lns, gc prgladkhka lgc ccgha saorg gc vn`äa, cn pa`n utkckzn`kðh lg

vnhas lkspgrsas a lg paà tndnþa, cn utkckzn`kðh lg eardns purns

rg`tnhiucnrgs y hncdghtg n trnvës lg cn jgrnrqukzn`kðh lg n``gsas

dglknhtg irnhlgs vn`kas a pðrtkàs.

Gc prayg`ta prapahg cn rgbnokcktn`kðh lg uh nh-

tkiua oatnlgra y cn npgrturn lg uh hugva rgccgha

snhktnrka dglknhtg cn rgvncarn`kðh gs`ghairî`n

lgc sktka y cn rgstnurn`kðh lg cn dgdarkn àcg`tk-

vn lg sus vksktnhtgs.

Gs nsä qug gc aojgtkva prkh`kpnc gs cairnr rg`rgnr

uhn gstndpn täpk`n lg sgrrnhän y nctkpcnhk`kg cn

ùnc gs ndpck`nln par gc `nrî`tgr púockà y

àduhktnrka lg talns cns khstncn`kahgs qug n su

vgz àhjuinh g khàrparnh gcgdghtas uronhas y

nrquktg`tðhkàs lg cn `kulnl lg Nrgqukpn uok`n-

ln n dghas lg >7 Md. lgc sktka.

nspg`tas g kdpn`ta gstëtkà lgcDnstgrpcnh. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

l g d

n t g

d n t g

r k n c g

s k h -skt u97%

0?> 0??

UKNP UGBK@WCN_GP [ VGN\AHNCGP_a`ns y pkglrns pra`gsnlns kh sktu àhsgiuklns gh cns gx`nvn`ka-hgs lgc rgccgha Pnhktnrka. 6 Md.

\KG__N [ DN\G_KNC LG _GCCGHA Aotghkla kh sktu ada rgsuctnla lg cns gx`nvn`kahgs y davkdkghtaslg tkgrrn ighgrnlas par gc hugva rgccgha snhktnrka. 6 Md. lgc sktka.



gr k n

c g s

a o t g h k l a s g h u h r n l k a

d g h a r n 0 6 M d .

G@AHADÄN GH CN IGP\KÐH LG _G@W_PAP [ DN\G_KNCGP

Dîs lgc 97% lg dntgrkncgs utkckznlas gh cn ahstru``kðh lg cns väns vgbkùcnrgs, pnsgas, y glk`n`kahgs gh

ighgrnc bnh skla rg`k`cnlas lg dntgrkncgs kh-sktu a ahsgiuklas lg pravgglargs gh uh rnlka ha dnyar n 06

Md. Gsta pgrdktg nonrntnr cas astas y tkgdpa lg ahstru``kðh nlgdîs lg rglu`kr ahsklgrnocgdghtg cns

gdkskahgs lg nroaha pravghkghtgs lgc trnhspartg y caiästk`n tnc y ada sg lgtnccn gh gc irîà.

@AH@_G\A N_DNLAGc gdghta hg`gsnrka sgrîaotghkla y pra`gsnla gh cns @nhtgrns yVcnhtn lg gdghtas [urn uok`nln n paàsdkhutas lgc cuinr. < Md. lgc sktka.

PKCCN_Cas duras lg invkðh sgrîh rgccghnlas ah rgskluas (rkpka) lg skccnr (ra`nvac`îhk`n) ighgrnlas par cns n`tkvklnlgs gxtrn`tkvns lg gstn ra`n. Gstas

rgskluas sah lgsg`bnlas ckorgdghtg gh nhtgrns uok`nlns n paàs dkhutaslgc sktka y puglgh ahsgiukrsg skh asta nciuha. N ; Md. lgc sktka.

GP\_W@\W_NP [ DNCCNP DG\ÎCK@NPPgrîh dnhuen`turnlns gh cn pcnhtn Khlustrknc lg N`gras

Nrgqukpn, uok`nln gh cn dksdn `kulnl. Cn àheg``kðhlg gstru`turns n dglkln y cn pralu``kðh lg pnrtgs sg-

rknckznlns rglu`krî cas lgspgrlk`kas pralu`klas lurnhtggc pra`gsa ahstru`tkva. N ?6 Md. lgc sktka.

CNL_KCCAP y NI_GINLAP LG @AHP\_W@@KÐHCas cnlrkccas hg`gsnrkas sgrîh aotghklas lg pcnhtns khlustrkncgs ca`ncgs. Pggdpcgnrîh úhk`ndghtg cnlrkccas dg`nhkznlas pravghkghtgs lg pcnhtns cgin-

cgs qug gdktnh rglu`klns gdkskahgs lg nroaha. N >7 Md. lgc sktka.

NKPCNH\GP LG DW_AP PG@AP(_GPKLWAP \GR\KCGP)

\ala gc dntgrknc nkscnhtg utkckznla pnrn rgccghnr cns

tnokqugräns lg lrywncc sgrîh pralu`ta lgc rg`k`cnla lgorns tgxtkcgs lgsg`bnlns par khlustrkns ca`ncgs. N ?6 Md. lgc sktka.

DW_AP PG@AP (L_[YNCC) [ DAOKCKN_KA\alas gstas sah pralu`klas y adgr`knckznlas gh cn dksdn kulnl

(sncva nciuhas nsas puhtuncgs qug sah ahsgiuklas ghcn kulnl lg Ckdn). Irn`kns n gstn vghtnjn sg nàrtnrîh

cas tkgdpas lg ahstru``kðh, nlgdns lgrglu`klas astas lg trnhspartg.

N ?? Md. lgc sktka.

Eki.?6< Dnpn lg aotgh`kðh lg dntgrkncgs pnrn àhstru``kðh Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

< Md.

6 Md.

; Md.

>7 Md.?6 Md.

?? Md.

0?0 0?<

>.> Gc usunrka

>. Gc prairndn nrquktg`tðhkà



n. Nhîcksks @uncktntkva

Gc prayg`ta prgsghtn prkh`kpncdghtg 0 tkpas lg usunrka:

• \rnonjnlar nldkhkstrntkva.-

Gs nqugc qug gstnrî ncajnla gh gc îrgn nldkhkstrntkvn lgc glk`ka y sg gh`nrinrî lgcdnhgja caiästkà lg cns khstncn`kahgs. Ha gstnrî gh ahtn`ta lkrg`ta ah cn dntgrkn

prkdn n trntnr, gh gstg `nsa cas _W, y ha hg`gsktn lg khstncn`kahgs gspg`kncgs pnrn su

lgsàhtndkhn`kðh y ckdpkgzn.

Lgogrîh lg uorkrsg sus hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns (gvnùn`kðh y nckdghtn`kðh) y

hg`gsklnlgs adpcgdghtnrkns tncgs ada rg`rgn`kðh (àdpcgja lgpartkva), ucturn

(sncns lg gxbkok`kðh), `npn`ktn`kðh (nucns dglka-ndokghtncgs), ntgh`kðh dglk`n

(tðpkà), sgrvk`ka sa`knc (a`khns y iunrlgräns) y caiästk`n (ca`nc skhlk`nc). Valrîh

àdpnrtkr uh khirgsa tnhta ah gc rgsta lg trnonjnlargs ada ah gc lg cas vksktnh-

tgs.

• Aorgras lg cns îrgns khlustrkncgs y sgrvk`ka.-

Gs nqugc qug bnorî lg gh`nrinrsg lg cns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs y apgrntkvns lgc

pra`gsndkghta, `cnsk n`kðh y lkspask`kðh hnc lgc cas _W. Nsä dksda àheardnh

gstg irupa cas trnonjnlargs gh`nrinlas lgc dnhtghkdkghta y ckdpkgzn lg tala gc

àdpcgja. Gstg tkpa lg usunrka gstnrî gh àhtn`ta lkrg`ta g khlkrg`ta àh cas _W y

àh îrgns ahtndkhnlns par ca qug lgogrîh ahtnr ah gspn`kas pnrn su ckdpkgzn,

lgsàhtndkhn`kðh ah khirgsas y sncklns khlgpghlkghtgs.

Pg cgs pravggrî lg cas gspn`kas hg`gsnrkas pnrn uorkr sus hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns

(ckdpkgzn, gvnùn`kðh y nckdghtn`kðh) nsä ada hg`gsklnlgs adpcgdghtnrkns tncgs

àda rg`rgn`kðh (àdpcgja lgpartkva), ucturn (sncns lg gxbkok`kðh), npn`ktn`kðh

(nucns dglka-ndokghtncgs), ntgh`kðh dglk`n (tðpkà), sgrvk`ka sa`knc (a`khns y

iunrlgräns) y caiästk`n (ca`nc skhlk`nc)

• Uksktnhtgs gxtgrhas.-

Pah nqugccas usunrkas qug palrîh n``glgr úhk`n y gx`cuskvndghtg n cns îrgns ha àhtn-

dkhnlns lg cns khstncn`kahgs dglknhtg n``gsas khlgpghlkghtgs y lkegrgh`knlas.

Whn vgz lghtra lg cns khstncn`kahgs, palrîh n``glgr n cns zahns khlustrkncgs, onja cnlgokln supgrvkskðh, n trnvës lg `krùktas gcgvnlas tatncdghtg khlgpghlkghtgs n cas lg

cas trnonjnlargs y pratgiklas lg cas nightgs ahtndkhnhtgs lg cn pcnhtn.

Gstas usunrkas palrîh aosgrvnr y nprghlgr saorg cns lkegrghtgs n`tkvklnlgs qug sg

vkghgh rgnckznhla tnhta gh cns îrgns khlustrkncgs ada gh cas glk`kas nhgxas lahlg

àhtnrîh ah cn prgsgh`kn lg iuäns qug cas ahlu`krîh n trnvës lgc dusga, sncns lg gx-

bkok`kðh, nucns dglka-ndokghtncgs, cnoarntarkas, ckorgrän, okockatg`n, negtgrän, dkrnlar,

nulktarka y a`khns.

Nlk`kahncdghtg, cas vksktnhtgs palrîh pnsgnr par cns zahns lgc rgccgha snhktnrka qug

bncnh skla cnusurnlns y sgccnlns pnrn pnrtk`kpnr gh lkegrghtgs n`tkvklnlgs tncgs ada,

`k`cksda, pntkhnjg saorg ruglns, lgpartgs lg nvghturn, rg`rgn`kðh, glu`n`kðh y gxpg`tn-

`kðh lg cn enuhn y arn ca`nc, g khvgstkin`kðh ghtrg atras.

o. Nhîcksks @unhtktntkva

• Ha. \rnonjnlargs nldkhkstrntkvas : ?7 pgrsahns

• Ha. \rnonjnlargs lg cns îrgns khlustrkncgs : >?6 `cnsk`nlargs gh turhas lg 56 `/u y

gh ? jarhnlns lg 9 barns /turha.

• Ha. \rnonjnlargs lg sgrvk`ka : ?6 gdpcgnlas gh turhas lg >6 `/u

• Ha. Hkþas ntghlklas gh iunrlgrän : 00 hkþas (>7 `ndns - >2 ùhns)

• Ha. lg vksktnhtgs : >66 - >76 pgrsahns gh irupas lg ghtrg

?7 - 76 `nln uha.

prapugstnnrquktg tðhk n KR

0?7 0?5

– Gh gc prayg ta bnorîh lgtrntnrsg uh tatnc lg:

>.? Cn dntgrkn prkdn (rgskluas n trntnr)

Cn dntgrkn prkdn gspg`ä`n pnrn gstn tkpacaiän khlustrknc ca aheardnh cas

_GPKLWAP W_ONHAP pralu`klas par uhn paocn`kðh a uhn àduhklnl, qug sgrîh

Vnrn gc nsa gh ah`rgta lg hugstra prayg`ta, bgdas ncùcnla nhtklnl lg _W

khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs qug bnorî lg rg`gp`kahnr cn pcnhtn lghtra lg ?6 n ?7 nþas,



?66<.6? \ah./län __WWgh lahlg >?<9.6; \ah./län sah khariîhkàs y975.;0 \ah./län sah

ariîhkàs—.

lgoklndghtg rg`gp`kahnlas, cnsk`nlas, trntnlas y hncdghtg ncdn`ghnlas gh gstns

khstncn`kahgs.

Gc aha`kdkghta lgc tkpa y cn nhtklnl lg _W qug bnorgdas lg trntnr, has pgrdktkrî

gcnoarnr uh prairndn unhtktntkva y uncktntkva prg`ksa y rgnckstn, lg tnc eardn qug

palndas lkdghskahnr nlg unlndghtg `nln uha lg cas gspn`kas qug ncogrinrîh cns

lkegrghtgs n`tkvklnlgs y dnqukhnrkns gspg`knckznlns.

tkgdpa pradglka lg vkln útkc lgc _Pn nhgxa n cn glk`n`kðh.

@ah gstn prayg``kðh, bgdas gcnoarnla uh prairndn qug prgvg lgslg uh khk`ka

(nþa ‒6‛) gc khdkhghtg nudghta y ndpckn`kðh qug bnorîh lg suerkr gstns khstncn`kahgs

n dglkln qug cn paocn`kðh y su nhtklnl lg lgspgrlk`kas vnynh nudghtnhla n ca

cnria lg gsas ?6 n ?7 nþas lg sgrvk`ka.

V_A[G@@KÐH V_ALW@@KÐH LG _W A_IÎHK@AP

Lkstrkta ?662n ?6>6o ?6>7 ?6?6 ?6?7 ?606 ?607`

@gr`nla 7?.55 5>.>? 90.0< ;>.52 >><.7; ><0.?< >99.5?

J.C. Oustndnhtg y _kvgra ?2.?> ?;.;? 07.;6 <0.26 7<.97 52.<< 2<.29

Vnu`nrpntn ?0.77 ?<.;2 ?;.;9 05.79 <7.9> 79.>< 96.27

@grra @acarnla <0.<0 <5.65 77.?9 59.<0 2<.?; >67.09 >?;.56

Dkrneargs ?6.<6 ?>.5< ?7.;5 06.;6 02.5? <5.0< 77.97

Dnrknha Dgcinr ?6.07 ?>.72 ?7.6< ?;.9; 07.97 <?.;6 7>.<2

@nydn >7.07 >9.2> ?6.55 ?<.9; ?;.97 07.96 <?.2<

Ncta Pgcvn Ncgirg >7.66 >7.5> >2.>6 ?>.9? ?5.69 0>.?2 09.7<

Buhtgr >>.2< >0.76 >7.55 >2.26 ??.77 ?9.69 0?.<2

Pa`nonyn 2.5< ;.27 >>.<0 >0.9? >5.<5 >;.97 ?0.96

Pn`bn`n 5.?7 9.>0 2.?9 ;.;? >>.;> ><.?; >9.><

[nhnbunrn >>.?6 >?.99 ><.2? >9.92 ?>.0< ?7.56 06.9?

[urn 6.27 6.;9 >.>? >.07 >.5? >.;< ?.00

PWO-\A\NCGP NC LÄN

(\ah./län) ?79.90 ?2?.;< 007.75 <62.?7 760.<? 5>;.69 975.;0PWO-\A\NCGP NC NÞA(\ah./nþa) ;< 69> .<7 >60 ?9? .09 >?? <92 .>7 ><; 6>6 .<; >20 9<5 .;< ??7 ;7; .<7 ?95 ?26 .5?

\A\NCGP NC LÄN(\ah./län) 529.27 9<<.75 ;69.57 > >65.75 > 0<2.59 > 5<<.66 ? 66<.6?

\A\NCGP NC NÞA(\ah./nþa) ?7> 657.?7 ?9> 95<.9? 00> ?;0.70 <60 2;<.?7 <;? ?5<.5? 566 656 .69 90> <52 .??

@lr.70 Vrayg``kahgs lg _W Khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs n trntnr pra nc K\_. Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>>.

n. ?662 Nþa onsg `ghsnc. KHGK, VKIN_P Nrgqukpn ?66< DVN. o. ?6>6 Nþa lg khk`ka lg prayg`ta.`. ?607 Nþa npraxkdnla lg `gsg lg n`tkvklnlgs lg vgrtkla.

V_A[G@@KÐH V_ALW@@KÐH LG _W KHA_IÎHK@AP

Lkstrkta ?662n ?6>6o ?6>7 ?6?6 ?6?7 ?606 ?607`

@gr`nla 9?.07 2?.7> ;7.9> >>;.5< ><0.75 >9?.?2 ?>0.5?

J.C. Oustndnhtg y _kvgra 72.26 59.65 99.92 ;9.?0 >>5.52 >0;.92 >59.<7

Vnu`nrpntn 76.67 70.62 5;.6> 25.?5 >60.7> >?<.6> ><2.75

@grra @acarnla ?<.02 ?7.05 0?.;9 0;.?< <;.67 5>.?> 90.<5

Dkrneargs 07.56 09.6< <2.>7 79.92 9>.57 22.2< >>6.>5

Dnrknha Dgcinr 0<.57 05.67 <5.25 75.?< 5;.90 25.<9 >69.??

@nydn 02.22 <6.<7 7?.7; 50.>6 95.<2 ;<.2< >>9.56

Ncta Pgcvn Ncgirg 07.6> 05.<? <9.07 75.2? 52.>; 2>.2? ;2.>;

Buhtgr ?7.>5 ?5.>2 0<.60 <6.2< <;.66 72.26 96.75

Pa`nonyn ?0.05 ?<.06 ?;.>5 07.66 <?.66 76.<6 56.<2

Pn`bn`n ><.7? >7.>> >9.7? ?>.60 ?7.?0 06.?2 05.0<

[nhnbunrn ;.6> ;.09 >6.29 >0.67 >7.55 >2.9; ??.77

[urn 2.07 2.5; >6.62 >?.6; ><.7> >9.<> ?6.;6

PWO-\A\NCGP NC LÄN

(\ah./län) <06.>? <5>.5? 79?.>6 5;2.0> 2<7.?7 >6?<.;0 >?<9.6;PWO-\A\NCGP NC NÞA(\ah./nþa) >75 ;;0.26 >52 <;?.0< ?62 2>7.02 ?7< 220.95 062 7>9.52 09< >66.5? <77 >29 .56

0?9 0?2

>.0 @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns lg cn K\_

N@\KUKLNL V_A@GPA @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@N \Ë@HK@NLKDGHPKAHGP V_ADG-

LKA (d.) @NVN@KLNLGP @NH\KLNL \A\NCGP AOPG_UN@KAHGPCnria Nh`ba Nctu rn

@lr.7< @nrn`tgrästk`ns \g`hk`ns lg K\_ prapugsta. Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>>. HA\N: Lghsklnl _W ariîhkà s sugctas: ?76 Mi./d0



i

PGVN_N@KÐH [ V_A@GPNDKGH\A(KHA_IÎHK@AP)

(2<6 666 tah./nþa)

_g`gp`kðhEasas lg rg`gp`kðh >?.66 7.66 >7.66 ;66 d0 /u 7 easas < 766 d0

Bnstn 0 läns lg ncdn`ghndkghta gh easaVughtgs Irún àh Vucpa ?.76 ?.76 ?.66 >6 d0 `/u ? irúns ?6 d0

Pgpnrn`kðh \NDNÞA

Cähgns lg trnonja (>< brs. trnonja - ? turhas) - - - 77 \ah./b./Cähgn 0 cähgns ? 0>6 \ah/län

@NVN@KLNL \A\NC VCNH\N: >57 tah./b.

Irnla lg kh`ckhn`kðh pradglka 7¶\rðdgcgs sgpnrnlargs lg vacudkhasas>?.66 0.76 <.66 77 \ah./b./Cähgn 0 trðdgcgs

5 trðdgcgs\rðdgcgs lkstrkouklargs lg uja >6.66 0.76 <.66 77 \ah./b./Cähgn 0 trðdgcgs

Pgpnrn`kðh DNIHË\K@N Pgpnrn`kðh dnihëtk`n purn - - - - 7 kdnhgs 7 kdnhgs \kpa AUG_ONHL

Pgpnrn`kðh DNHWNCCähgns lg trnonja (9 brs./ turha) (? turhas) - - - ?7 \ah./b./Cähgn 5 cähgns ? >66 \ah./län

?.7 \ah./b./trno.Hra lg trnonjnlargs (gh ? turhas) - - - >6 trnoj. /cähgn/ turha 56 trnoj. /tur ha >?6 trnonj./län

@adpn`tn`kðhGdpn`nlarn - Gdoncnlarn irnhlg (> turhas) >6.66 <.66 vnrknocg 76 \ah./b. > gdpn`nlarn 056 \ah./län

976 Mi./ oncn - Lghsklnl: 766 Mi./d0Vn`ns (oncn lg __) >.56 >. >7 6.26 ?6 o ncns/b. /gdp` . >56 o ncns/l än/ gdp. <26 oncns/län

\rnhspartg @khtns trnhspartnlarns vnrknocg vnrknocg vnrknocg 6.7 - ?.7 d./s. - - @khtns `ðh`nvns saorg ralkccas nhiucnlas

\_N\NDKGH\A LG UACWDKHAPAP(KHA_IÎHK@AP) (>97 ?66 tah./nþa)

_g`gp`kðhEasas lg rg`gp`kðh - - - > 566 d0 ? easas > 566 d0

Bnstn 7 läns lg ncdn`ghndkghta gh easaIrun gstn`kahnrkn - - - 5 d0 /u > irún 5 d0

\rkturn`kðh \rkturnlarn (turhas lg 2 brs.) - - - 56 \ah./b. > trkturnlarn <26 \ah./län Dackha trkturnlar

VCNH\N \_N\NDKGH\A LG VCÎP\K@AP(KHA_IÎHK@AP)

(7 >>6 tah./nþa)

@npn`klnl Cähgns lg trnonja (turha >< brs.) - - - 6.76 \ah./b./Cähgn ? cähgns

>< \ah./län Îrgn pradglka 4 >666 d ?

_g`k`cnla VG\ \acvn lg nàpka vnrknocg vnrknocg >6.66 vnrknocg > tacvn

_g`k`cnla VG, VV

\acvn lg nàpka vnrknocg vnrknocg >6.66 vnrknocg > tacvn

Pkca lg dgz`cn y nùducn`kðh 7.66 ?.76 ?.?6 ?9.76 d0 > skca

Pkca lg rgàikln vnrknocg vnrknocg v nrkno cg >9. 66 d0 > skca

Pkca laske`nlar 0.96 >.27 >.56 >6.;7 d0 > skca

@ADVAP\NJG NG_AOKA LG A_IÎHK@AP(@adpastnjg @grrnla gh _gn`tar)

(<9 ?76 tah./nþa)

_g`gp`kðh Easas lg rg`gp`kðh >?.66 7.66 >7.66 ;66 d0`/u 0 easas ? ?76 d0 Bnstn ? läns lg ncdn`ghndkghta

Egrdghtn`kðh \úhgcgs egrdghtn`kðh (76% budglnl) ?6.66 5.66 2.66 <6 \ah/túhgc ?6 túhgcgs 527 tah./ län GH\_NLN lg _W A_IÎHK@AP?76 666 \ah./Nþa

Dnlurn`kðh \úhgcgs dnlurn`kðh (76% budglnl) ?6.66 5.66 2.66 <6 \ah/túhgc ?6 túhgcgs 7?6 tah./ län Ghtrnln n dnlurn`kðh: >;6 666 tah./nþa

Nha

Pnckln lg túhgcgs (07% budglnl) - - - - - <>7 tah./ länPnckln n neha: >7? 666 tah. / nþa

\rðdgcgs lg neha (turha 2 brs.) >6.66 0.76 <.66 77 \ah/b. ? trðdgcgs 226 tah./ län

Dgsn Lghskdëtrk`n ( 3 >5 dd.) (turha 2 brs.) ?.66 >.76 0.66 >7 \ah/b. 0 dgsns ?;6 tah. / län Ghtrnln n dgsns: >67 666 tah. / nþa

_g`bnzas

_g`bnza Ckigra - - - - - ?2.99 \ah./län Pnckln: >6 766 \ah./nþa

_g`bnza pgsnla - - - - - >?;.<7 \ah./län Pnckln: <9 ?76 \ah./nþa

_g`bnza lg trðdgcgs - - - - - >?2.99 \ah./län Pnckln: <9 666 \ah./nþa

_G@BNZA \A\NC - - - - - ?25.;9 \ah./län Pnckln n _Pn: >6< 976 \ah./nþa

Vralu``kðh V_ALW@@KÐH NHWNC @ADVAP\ I_NLA KU - - - - - >?;.<7 \ah./län PNCKLN lg @ADVAP\ VN_N UGH\N<9 ?76 \ah./Nþa

Okactrnla Okaectras - - - ?76 d? `/u 0okaectras 976 d?

0?; 006

>.<. Vrairndn kðh nrquktg`tðhk`n ùncktntkvn ùnhtktntkvn (K\_) @nc ucnla n pnrtkr lgc @lr. 7<


@lr.77 Vrairndn`kðh nrquktg`tðhk`n @uncktntkvn-@unhtktntkvn lg cn K\_.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>>.

HA\N: Ählk`gs `ncùcnla n pnrtkr lg ùnlra 7< y lg HGWEG_\,Grhst. –Nrtg lg prayg`tnr Nrquktg`turn—. ><n Glk`kðh - ?n \krnln,Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn. >;;9.



ZAHN N@\KUKLNL _G^WG_KDKGH\A G PVN@KNC EWH@KAHGP(hg`gsklnlgs) ÄHLK@G LG WPA @NVN@KLNL NDOKGH\GP N_GN \G@BNLN

VN_@KNC (d?)N_GN CKO_G

VN_@KNC (d?)\A\NC

\G@BNLAP(d?)

\A\NC CKO_GP(d?)

P G @

\ A _ > - K h s t n c n ` k a h g s l g P g p n r n ` k ð h y V r a ` g s n d k g h t a l g _ g s k l u a s ( K P V _ ) ZAHN NLDKHKP\_N\KUN

N`tkvklnlgs lg tkpa igstkahnrkay caiästkà pnrn gc lgsnrraccay aarlkhn`kðh lg n`tkvklnlgsrgcn`kahnlns n cn IK_W y n cnsn`tkvklnlgs lg cn K\_.

N``gsas

Gxpcnhnln Khirgsa y pcnzns gxtgrkargs * Npraxkdn`kðh n cns khstncn`kahgs Gstkdnla >66->76 pgr. > - 0 766.66

>57.66 0 766.66Bncc lg Khirgsa * _g`gp`kðh lg vksktnhtgs

Pupgre./Vgr. : >.56 d

?

.26 pgr. > >06.66 -

_ g gp k ðh y us ta lk n * _g g p kð h l g v ks kt nh tgs g kh ea rd n kð h i ghgr nc Pupgre./Vgr. : 9.66 d?. 7 pgr. > 07.66 -

A`khns

779.66 6.66

Lkrg``kðh y igrgh`kn * Lkrg``kðh Ighgrnc Pupgre./Vgr. : ?9.76 d?. ? pgr. > 77.66 -

Nldkhkstrn`kðh* Arinhkzn`kðh lg n`tkvklnlgs Khlustrkncgs, nldkhkstrntkvns y lg

glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc Pupgre./Vgr. : >?.66 d?. 7 pgr. > 56.66 -

Nr`bkva* @ustalkn y ncdn`ghndkghta lg laùdghtas púockàs y

prkvnlasGstkdnla ? pgr. ? 06.66 -

Pg rgtn rän lg igrgh`kn * Vra glkdkghtas l a udghtn rkas y nldkhks trnt kvas Pupgre./Vgr. : >7.66 d?. 0 pgr. > <7.66 -

Pncn lg rguhkahg s * _guh kah gs prkvnlns lg hgia`kas Pupgre./Vgr. : 0.76 d?. ?6 pgr. > 96.66 -

Lgspn`bas prkvnlas +A`khn lg sgrvk`ka sa`knc

* Nldkhkstrn`kðh ahtnocg, gàhðdk`n, lg pgrsahnc, prayg``kðhsa`knc, kheardn`kðh, prada`kðh y npaya Pupgre./Vgr. : >6.66 d?. >? pgr. > >?6.66

Bncc lg gspgrn + A`ka lg pksa* Gspgrn lg vksktnhtgs y gspn`kas lgstkhnlas n cn prgpnrn`kðh lg

ogoklns ckigrns pnrn a`khkstns y púockà vksktnhtgGstkdnla >6 pgr. > ;6.66 -

PP.BB. + P.B. Lks`npn`ktnlas * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns Pupgre./Vgr. : 7.66 d?. >< pgr. 0 96.66

PP.BB lg Igrgh`kn * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns Pupgre./Vgr. : ?.76 d?. 2 pgr. ? 9.66 -

Lgpðsktas * N`tkvklnlgs lg ckdpkgzn y dnhtghkdkghta Gstkdnla ? pgr. > >6.66 -

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN NLDKHKP\_N\KUN 206.66 0 766.66

ZAHN LG LKEWPKÐH -GLW@N@KÐH -KHUGP\KIN@KÐH N`tkvklnlgs lg sapartg pnrncn glu`n`kðh dglkandokghtnc,sa`knc g khvgstkin`kðh. @ahtraclg cns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs,nldkhkstrntkvns y ùcturncgs lgcn K\_.

Lkeuskðh - Gxbkok`kðh - N`tas

> >57.66 6.66

Nucns packvncghtgs lg eardn`kðh* Lgsnrracca lg n`tkvklnlgs glu`ntkvns, rguhkahgs y tnccgrgs lg trnonja pnrn vksktnhtgs y gdpcgnlas Pupgre./Vgr. : 0.97 d?. 9? pgr. 0 ?96.66 -

Okockatg`n gspg`knckznln* @ahsgrvn`kðh, ncdn`ghndkghta y ahsuctn lg ckoras rgegrghtgs

n cn IK_WGstkdnla >6 pgr. > ;6.66 -

Îrgn lg Gxbkok`kðh* Gxpask`kðh lg kheardn`kðh y dugstrns rgegrghtgs n cn IK_W,

bkstarkn lgc sktka y àhstru``kðh lg cns khstncn`kahgs (hgs

glu`ntkvas)Pupgre./Vgr. : 9.66 d?. 76 pgr. > 076.66 -

Lgpðskta lg sncn lg gxbkok`kðh* @ustalkn - ncdn`ghndkghta lg dugstrns y dntgrknc utkckznla gh

gc îrgn lg gxbkok`kðh Gstkdnla ? pgr. > >6.66 -

Nulktarka * Wok`n`kðh lg outn`ns pnrn gxpg`tn`kðh Pupgre./Vgr. : >.<6 d?. >06 pgr. > >26.66 -

Pncn t ë hk n y p rayg` kðh * @ahtrac lg sahkla , k cudkhn kðh y pray g kðh Pupgre./Vgr. : 9.76 d?. ? pgr. > >7.66 -

PP.BB. + P.B. Lks`npn`ktnlas * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns Pupgre./Vgr. : 9.66 d?. >6 pgr. 0 96.66 -

N``gsas lg Pgrvk ka y Dahtn`nrins * N`tkvklnlgs lg ckdpkgzn y dnhtghkdkghta Gstkdnla Gstkdnla 0 >26.66 -

Khvgstkin`kðhy atras

>>6.66 6.66Cnoarntarka lg ahtrac ndokghtnc

* \gstga y nhîcksks lg dugstrns lg _W, dntgrkncgs trntnlas,àdpast, niuns rgskluncgs, sugcas, ghtrg atras.

* @ahtrac lg ncklnl y sgiurklnl ndokghtnc lg cn zahn* @ahtrac lg cas ckxkvknlas insgs y suo-pralu`tas ighgrnlas

Gstkdnla >6 pgr. > 97.66 -

Ncdn`ëh lg cnoarntarka* Dnhtghkdkghta y ustalkn lg dntgrkncgs, bgrrndkghtns, quädkàs y dugstrns lg cnoarntarka Gstkdnla ? pgr. > ?7.66 -

PP.BB. lg cnoarntarka * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns lg cas khvgstkinlargs Pupgre./Vgr. : 7.66 d?. ? pgr. ? >6.66 -

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN LG LKEWPKÐH - GLW@N@KÐH - KHUGP\KIN@KÐH > ?97.66 6.66

00> 00?




VN_@KNC (d?)\A\NC

\G@BNLAP(d?)

\A\NC CKO_GP(d?)

Pgrvk`kas vksktnhtgs

57.66 596.66\ kghl n - c ko rg rä n * Ught n l g Pauvghk rs , r g ug rl as , c ko ra s y n rt ä uc as v nr kn la s. Pupgre./Vgr. : <.06 d?. >7 pgr. > 57.66 -

Dkrnlar Ncta * Gx pg`tn`kðh lg cns khstncn`kah gs y lg c pnksnjg Pupgre./Vgr. : >>.66 d?. 76 pgr. > 776.66

Dkrnlar Onja * Gx pg`tn`kðh lg cns khstncn`kah gs y lg c pnksnjg Gstkdnla vnrknocg > - >?6.66

@negtgrän



P G @ \ A _ > - K h s t n c n ` k a h g s l g P g p n r n ` k ð h y V r a ` g s n d k g h t a l g _ g s k l u a s ( K P V _ )

ZAHN PG_UK@KAP@ADVCGDGH\N_KAP

N`tkvklnlgs lg sapartg y npa-ya n cns zahns nldkhkstrntkvns,khlustrkncgs y lg lkeuskðh.

@negtgrän

>07.66 >66.66

Onrrn - Mkt`b ghgttg * Vrgpnrn`kðh lg nckdg htas y ogoklns Pupgre./Vgr. : 0.76 d?. >6 pgr. > 07.66 -

@adglar * @ahsuda lg nckdghtas y ogoklns Pupgre./Vgr. : ?.?7 d?. <6 pgr. > ;6.66 -

G xp nhsk ðh lg n eg tg rä n * Nudght nr îr gn lg a dgla r n c n kr g c ko rg Gstkdnla 76 pgr. > - >66.66

PP.BB. * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns Pupgre./Vgr. : ?.76 d?. < pgr. ? >6.66 -

Pgrvk`kas gdpcgnlas

206.66 6.66

Khirgsa y ahtrac lg pgrsahnc * Wok n kðh lg rgcaj ahtrac lg ghtrnln/snckln lg pgrsahnc Gstkdnla 7 pgr. 07.66 -

@adglar lg Vgrsahnc* @ahsuda lg nckdghtas y ogoklns* Lgs`nhsa lgc pgrsahnc Pupgre./Vgr. : ?.66 d?. >66 pgr. > ?66.66 -

@ a khn & mk t bghg tt g o nr * Vr gp nr n kð h l g n ck dght as y o go kl ns ?6% (îrgn lg adglar) vnrknocg > >66.66 -

Lgpðsktas * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg rgskluas y dntgrkncgs lg ckdpkgzn Gstkdnla vnrknocg 56.66

Ca`nc Pkhlk`nc * @aarlkh n kðh skhlk`nc lg cas trnonj nlargs Pupgre./Vgr. : 0.<7 d?. >5 pgr. > 77.66 -

Ghegrdgrän * Ntgh`kðh dëlk`n ndoucntarkn y prkdgras nuxkckas Gstkdnla 7 pgr. > 56.66 -

Ug st unr ka s y lu b ns * Ck dpk gz n l g pg rs ah nc , ndo ka lg ra pn Pupgre./Vgr. : ?.>6 d?. 26 pgr. ? >96.66 -

PP.BB. Aorgras * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns lg aorgras lg pcnhtn Pupgre./Vgr. : <.96 d?. 0? pgr. < ;6.66 -

Iunrlgrän (0 dgsgs - 0 nþas)

0;7.66 ?96.66

Vcnzn lg N `gsa * Kh irgsa n iunrlg rän, lg gdpcgnlas y aorgras Gstkdnla ?6 pgr. > - >26.66

Bncc y rg`gp`kðh * _g`gp`kðh lg hkþas Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > 96.66 -

PWD - @adg lar * Vrgpnrn`kðh lg nckdg htas, ogoklns y ok ograhgs Gstkdnla 06 pgr. > 56.66 -

@ndoknlargs y PP:BB. @uhns * @ndoka lg rapn y pnþn cgs lg ogog Pupgre./hkþa : 0.97 d?. < pgr. < >7.66 -

Pncn lg Jugias * Gspnr`kdkghta lg hkþas Pupgre./hkþa : ?.56 d?. 07 hkþas > ;6.66 -

Lardktarka - uhns * Lgs`nhsa hkþas 6 - > nþa Pupgre./hkþa : 0.06 d?. >2 ùhns > 56.66 -

Lardktarka - ndns * Lgs`nhsa hkþas > - 0 nþas Pupgre./hkþa : <.66 d?. >7 `ndns ? 56.66 -

PP.BB. Hkþas * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns Pupgre./hkþa : 0.06 d?. 5 pgr. ? ?6.66 -

Lg pðskta * Ncdn`g hnj g lg a`b gs lg h kþas, ju iug tgs y dntgrknc glu`ntkva Gstkdnla > pgr. > 7.66 -

PP.BB. Nluctas * Hg`gsklnlgs skacðik`ns lg dngstras y pgrsahnc lg iunrlgrän Gstkdnla ? pgr. ? >7.66 -

Vntka lg Jugias * _g`rgn`kðh n tkvn nc gxtgrkar Gstkdnla vnrknocg > - ;6.66

Îrgns vgrlgs

Jnrlkhgs khtgrkargs y îrgns lg cuz

* Gspn`kas pnrn cn gspg`tn`kðh, lgs`nhsa y aheart ndokghtnc

Gstkdnla - vnrknocg 066.66 -

066.66 0276.66Jnrlkhgs gxtgrkargs Gstkdnla - vnrknocg - 0566

_ndpns Njnrlkhnlns Gstkdnla - vnrknocg - ?76

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN PG_UK@KAP @ADVCGDGH\N_KAP > 9?7.66 < 2;6.66

ZAHN KHLWP\_KNC N`tkvklnlgs lg rg`gp`kðh,sgpnrn`kðh, cnsk`n`kðh,

trntndkghta y ncdn`ghndkghtalg _W khariîhkàs.

Lgs`nrin lg _W

6.66 ? 266.66Vcntneardn lg lgs`nrin(pntka lg dnhkaorns) * Ccginln lg ndkahgs ah _W Gstkdnla vnrknocg > - ? 266.66

_g`gp`kðh lg _W

> >?6.66 6.66

L u ta lg sg rv k ka * Puok ln y o nj nl n l g k hs tn cn k ahgs lg gc ë tr k ns , n iun y nk rg . Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > 56.66 -

Easas lg _g gp kðh Khariîhkàs * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg _W ariîhk as Pupgre./easa : 56.66 d?. - 7 066.66 -

Easas lg _g gp kðh Ariîhkàs * Ncdn ghndkghta lg _W khariîhk as Pupgre./easa : 56.66 d?. - 0 >26.66 -

\r kt ur n kð h l g a ri îh k as * Ca n ck zn k ðh lg tr kt ur nl ar ns Gstkdnla vnrknocg > >56.66 -

Lg s nhsa lg irúns * Ncdn`g hnj g lg cns irúns pucpa Pupgre./irun : 56.66 d?. - ? >?6.66 -

\acvns lg nckdghtn`kðh khariîhkàs * Nckdghtn kðh lg _W n trðdgcgs Pupgre./tacvn : 56.66 d?. - 0 >26.66 -

\acvns lg nckdghtn kðh ariîhk as * Nckdghtn kðh lg _W n trðdgcgs Pupgre./tacvn : >?6.66 d?. - > >?6.66 -

000 00<




VN_@KNC (d?)\A\NC

\G@BNLAP(d?)

\A\NC CKO_GP(d?)

Pgpnrn`kðh par tndnþa

> <96.66 6.66Îrgn lg rkonla gh trðdgcgs * Ca n ck zn kðh lg t rðdgcgs Pupgre./trðdgc : ?66.66 d?. - 0 526.66 -

\rðdgcgs lkstrkouklargs lg uja * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg trðdgcgs Pupgre./trðdgc : >26.66 d?. - 0 7<6.66 -

@ kr u cn k ahgs lg en jn s * Gs pn k al gs tk hn la pn rn gc tr nhsp ar tg lg _W Gstkdnla - - ?76 66 -



ZAHN KHLWP\_KNC N`tkvklnlgs lg rg`gp`kðh,sgpnrn`kðh, cnsk`n`kðh,

trntndkghta y ncdn`ghndkghtalg _W khariîhkàs.

@ kr u cn k ahgs lg en jn s Gs pn k a l gs tk hn la pn rn gc tr nhsp ar tg lg _W Gstkdnla ?76.66

Pgpnrn`kðh dnhunc

> 2?6.66 6.66Pncns lg sgpnrn`kðh dnhunc * Pgcg``kðh lg suopralu`tas par pgrsahnc `nck`nla Pupgre./Vgr. : >9.56 d?. 56 pgr./turha ? > 656.66 -

Easas lg lgs`nrin sgcg`tkvn * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg suopralu`tas sgpnrnlas Pupgre./easa : 95.66 d?. - >6 956.66 -

P G @ \ A

_ > - K h s t n c n ` k a h g s l g P g p n r n ` k ð h y V r a ` g s

n d k g h t a l g _ g s k l u a s ( K P V _ )

Pgpnrn`kðh dnihëtk`n?76.66 6.66

Enjns lkstrkouklarns + Avgronhls * @krùcn`kðh y sgpnrn`kðh lg Egrrasas Gstkdnla 7 kdnhgs - ?76.66 - Vrghsnla - gdpn`nla - trkturnla

>57.66 6.66Vrghsnla lg egrrasas * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg prghsns y àdpn`tnlarns Gstkdnla - > 56.66 -

Vrghsnla y gdpn`nla lg Khariîhkàs * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg prghsns y adpn`tnlarns Gstkdnla - > <7.66 -

\rkturn`kðh lg vklrkas * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg prghsns y trkturnlarns Gstkdnla - > 56.66 -

\rntndkghta lg vacudkhasas

2<7.66 > 766.66

Vcntneardn lg lgs`nrin(pntka lg dnhkaorns)

* Ccginln lg ndkahgs ah _W* Ccginln lg nàpknlargs dghargs (`n`bkhgras)

Gstkdnla - > - > 766.66

Vrg-trntndkghta lg cähgn Ocnh`n * Gckdkhn`kðh lg insgs y atrns sustnh`kns lnþkhns Gstkdnla - > 0?6.66 -

Easa lg ccginln lg trðdgcgs * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg _W pravghkghtg lg trðdgcgs Gstkdnla - > ;6.66 -

Easa ccginlns khlgpghlkghtgs * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg _W pravghkghtg lg nàpknlargs Gstkdnla - > >67.66 -

Pupgr`kg pnrn irún y trkturnlarn * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg irún gstn`kahnrkn y trkturnlargs Gstkdnla - > >56.66 -

@adpn`tnlar lg Uacudkhasas * @adpn`tn`kðh y gdpnqug lg vacudkhasas pnrn vghtn Gstkdnla - > ;6.66

@krùcn`kahgs lg enjns * \rnhspartg lg vacudkhasas rg`bnznlas Gstkdnla - - 26.66 -

\rntndkghta lg pcîstkàs

0<6.66 6.66

\acvns lg nàpka * Nckdghtn`kðh lg pcîstkàs n trkturnlarns Pupgre./tacvn : ?7.66 d?. ? tacvns ? 76.66 -

Îrgns lg trkturn`kðh * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg trkturnlarns Gstkdnla Gstkdnla ? <6.66 -

Pkcas lg cnvnla y ghjuniug * Cnvnla y ghjuniug lg pcîstkàs Pupgre./skca : ?6.66 d?. ? skcas ? <6.66 -

Pkcas lg rgàikln * _gdackla lg pcîstkàs VG - VV y cd Pupgre./skca : ?6.66 d?. ? skcas ? <6.66 -

Ghsn`nla y gdpn`nla * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg ghsn`nlarns y àdpn`tnlarns Gstkdnla - ? 96.66 -

Îrgn lg dnqukhnrkn lkvgrsn * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg dnqukhnrkn dðvkc Gstkdnla - > >66.66 -

Vcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh`kn

;06.66 > 566.66

\acvns lg rg`gp`kðh +àdpn`tnlarns

* _g`gp`kðh lg _g`bnzas y adpn`tn`kðh lg _W pnrn lgrkvnr nc_gccgha Pnhktnrka Pupgre./tacvn : 56.66 d?. 0 tacvns 0 >26.66 -

@krùcn`kahgs lg enjns * \rnhspartg lg vacudkhasas rg`bnznlas Gstkdnla Gstkdnla - >?6.66 -

Vnrquga lg ahtghglargs * Ca`nckzn`kðh lg ahtghglargs pnrn _gccgha Pnhktnrka Pupgre./àhtghglar : <2.76 d?. >0 ah tg hgl. >? 506.66 -

Vcntneardn lg nrin(pntka lg dnhkaorns)

* Dnhkpucn`kðh y `nrin lg àhtghglargs gh `ndkahgs Gstkdnla - > - > 566.66

Ncdn`ghnjg

0 0;6.66 6.66Ncdn`ghnjg lg Puopralu`tas * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg suopralu`tas, adpn`tnlas gh oncnskhlkvkluncgs bnstn gc dadghta lg su àdprn y lgspn`ba hnc * Ncturn dnx. lg nàpka: 2.66 d.* Vgrkala dnx. ncdn`ghnjg: 9 läns 7666 oncns > ;26.66 -

Vntka lg dnhkaorns tg`bnla * Dnhkaorn y krùcn`kðh lg vgbäùcas pgsnlas Gstkdnla 9 ndkahgs > ?6?6.66 -

Vcntneardns lg nrin * @nrin lg oncns lg suopralu`tas gh ndkahgs Pupgre./nhlëh : 77.96 d?. 9 nhlghgs > 0;6.66 -

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN KHLWP\_KNC >6 006.66 7 ;66.66

ZAHN PG_UK@KAPKHLWP\_KNCGP (@ahtkhún sitg. pîikhn)

Îrgn vgbäùcas pgsnlas

926.66 0 ?66.66Npnr`ndkghta lg Ugbäùcas pgsnlas * @ustalkn lg ndkahgs usnlas pnrn trnscnla lg _W Pupgre./`ndkðh : 5?.66 d?. 06 ndkahgs 0 ?56.66 > 566.66

Cnvnlgras * Ckdpkgzn lg `ndkahgs Pupgre./`ndkðh : >06.66 d?. < ndkahgs > 7?6.66 -

Vntka lg dnhkaorns * Îrgn ckorg pnrn cn dnhkpucn`kðh lg `ndkahgs Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > - > 566.66

007 005


ZAHN N@\KUKLNL _G^WG_KDKGH\A GPVN@KNC EWH@KAHGP(hg`gsklnlgs) ÄHLK@G LG WPA @NVN@KLNL NDOKGH\GP N_GN \G@BNLN


VN_@KNC (d?)\A\NC

\G@BNLAP(d?)

\A\NC CKO_GP(d?)

` k ð h y

_ )

ZAHN PG_UK@KAPKHLWP\_KNCGPN`tkvklnlgs lg sapartg y npaya ncns zahns khlustrkncgs. N`tkvklnlgslg ighgrn`kðh, rgùpgrn`kðh y

Îrgn ghgriëtk`n

;77.66 6.66

Pncn lg Vurk`n`kðh lg nkrg (okactras)* Ekctrnla, nkrgn`kðh y rgùpgrn`kðh lg pnr täùcns gh suspgh-

skðh lgslg easas lg lgs`nrin y atrns îrgns lg trnonja. Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > <06.66 -

\nocgras gcë`trkàs * @ahtrac gcë`trkà lg cns dnqukhnrkn g khstncn`kahgs Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > 57.66 -

Puogstn`kðh gcë`trk`n +Irupa gcg`trðigha * \rnhseardn`kðh y lkstrkou`kðh lg ghgriän gcë`trk`n Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > ??6.66 -

@kstgrhn + tnhqugs lg niun okactrnln * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg ni n patnocg Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > >66 66



P G @ \ A _ > - K h s t n c n ` k

a h g s l g P g p n r n `

V r a ` g s n d k g h t a l g

_ g s k l u a s ( K P V _ lkstrkou`kðh ghgriëtk`n @kstgrhn + tnhqugs lg niun okactrnln * Ncdn`ghndkghta lg niun patnocg Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > >66.66 -

Pncn lg oadons * Oadoga lg niun Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > 26.66 -

Pncn lg niuns rgskluncgs (okactras) * _gùpgrn`kðh y ctrnla lg niuns irksgs Gstkdnla Gstkdnla > 56.66 -

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN PG_UK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGP > 907.66 0 ?66.66

ZAHN NVN_@NDKGH\APVnrquga lg nutadðvkcgs y ousgslg vksktnhtgs y gdpcgnlas

Vntka lg dnhkaorns + krùcn`kahgs * Dnhkaorn y krùcn`kðh lg vgbäùcas Gstkdnla Gstkdnla - - <66.66

6.66 ? 6>6.66Npnr`ndkghtas vksktnhtgs y gdpcgnlas * Vnrquga lg vgbäùcas ckvknhas y dglknhas

* Pupgre./nuta: >7.66 d?.* (6.?< pcnzns) / usunrkas

<2 pcnzns - - 9?6.66

Npnr`ndkghta lg sgrvk`ka * Vnrquga lg vgbäùcas pgsnla y dglknhas ah dgr`nh`äns y atras pralu`tas.

* Pupgre./nuta: ;6.66 d?.* ?.66 pcnzns / ;6.66 d ?.

? pcnzns - - ?06.66

Npn r nd. t gdparn c ousgs y ndkahgs * Vnrquga lg ousgs lg v ks kt nhtgs y adkt kvns Gst kdnla >6 p cnzns - - 556.66

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN NVN_@NDKGH\AP 6.66 ? 6>6.66

PWO-\A\NC PG@\A_ > >7 929.66 >; 766.66

06% duras y krùcn`kahgs < 905.>6 -

\A\NC PG@\A_ > ?6 7?0.>6 >; 766.66

P G

@ \ A _ ? - K h s t n c n ` k a h g s l g @ a d p a s t n j g

ZAHN KHLWP\_KNC

Vra`gsndkghta lg _W ariîhkàsy pralu``kðh lg adpast lg nctn`ncklnl

Egrdghtn`kðh + dnlurn`kðh

5 <66.66 6.66\úhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh * Egrdghtn`kðh nskstkln lg _W ariîhkàs Pupgre./túhgc : >?6.66 d?. <6 \ah./túhgc ?6 ? <66.66 -

\úhgcgs lg dnlurn`kðh * Dnlurn`kðh nskstkln lg _W ariîhkàs Pupgre./túhgc : >?6.66 d?. <6 \ah./túhgc ?6 ? <66.66 -

@nrin y lgs`nrin lg túhgcgs * Îrgn pnrn dnhkpucn`kðh lg _W eugrn lg túhgcgs Pupgre./túhgc : <6.66 d?. - <6 >566.66 - Pncn lg Nha

7<6.66 6.66\rðdgcgs cnsk`nlargs * Pgpnrn`kðh lg adpast ckigra y pgsnla Pupgre./trðdgc : >76.66 d?. - ? 066.66 -

Dgsns lghskdëtrk`ns * Pgpnrn`kðh lg adpast pnrn vghtn y pnrn rg`bnza Pupgre./dgsn : 26.66 d?. - 0 ?<6.66 -

Ncdn`ghnjg lg pnrn vghtn6.66 ? ?<6.66

Pupgr`kg lg ncdn ghndkghta * Ncdn ghnjg lg adpast hnc pnrn vghtn Pupgre./sgdnhn : 756.66 d?. < sgdnhns < - ? ?<6.66

Ncdn`ghnjg lg rg bnzas

6.66 0 266.66@ahas lg ncdn`ghndkghta * Ncdn`ghnjg lg àdpast rg`bnznla y `nrin gh `ndkahgs

àhtghglargs bn`kn _gccgha Pnhktnrka Gstkdnla Gstkdnla ? - 0 266.66

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN KHLWP\_KNC 5 ;<6.66 5 6<6.66

ZAHN PG_UK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGPN`tkvklnlgs lg sapartg y npaya ncns zahns khlustrkncgs.

Îrgn të`hk`n lg túhgc* Ca`nckzn`kðh lg dnqukhnrän hg`gsnrkn pnrn gc vactga,

nkrgn`kðh y budklk`n`kðh lg túhgcgs.Pupgre./túhgc : >6.66 d?. - <6 <66.66 -

? >66.66 6.66Okactras * Ekctrnla lg nkrg lg túhgcgs y sncns lg nrin Pupgre./okactra : 066.66 d?. - 0 ;66.66 -

Dkrnlar y ahtrac nërga lg pcnhtn * @ahtrac gh ncturn lgc euh kahndkghta lg dnqukhnrän Gstkdnla - > <66.66 -

Pncns të hk`ns y lg ahtrac * @ahtrac y dahktarga lg dnqukhnrkn g khstncn`kahgs Pupgre./okactra : ?66.66 d?. - ? <66.66 -

PWO - \A\NC LG ZAHN PG_UK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGP ? >66.66 6.66

PWO-\A\NC PG@\A_ ? ; 6<6.66 5 6<6.66

?7% duras y krùcn`kahgs ? ?56.66

\A\NC PG@\A_ ? >> 066.66 5 6<6.66

\A\NCGP PG@\A_ > + ? 0> 2?0.>6 ?7 7<6.66

\A\NC Î_GN @AHP\_WKLN 79 050.>6

009 002

?. Arinhkirndn euh`kahnc - gspn`knc

PP BB PP BB

Irupagcg`tðigha

h n l a

g h t n

_G@BNZAP N_GCCGHA PNHK\N_KAV_ALW@\AP EKHNCGP UGHLKLAP @ADVAP\ UGHLKLA

Lgspn`baUghtn y

@nrin lgpralu`tas L

g s p n ` b a

U g h t n y

@ n r i n l g

U a c u d k h a s a s P

n c k l n l g s g r v k ` k a

a s a s

Lardktarkas Vntka lgjugias

Pncðh lgjugias

PP.BB.pgrsahnc

n r l g r ä n - P ð t n h a

h a h a a s - D u c t k h k v g c

a s - D u c t k h k v g c

Glu`n`kðh g khvgstkin`kðh Nldkhkstrn`kðh y igstkðh Pgrvk kas gdpcgnla Pgrvk kas vnrkas Khlustrkn

Eki.?67 Arinhkirndn euh`kahnc- gspn`knc lg CnK\_. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.



PP.BB. PP.BB.

rg`gp`kðh + iunrlnrrapn

@ahtrac

lgpgrsahnc

Igrgh`kn

Okockatg`nGxpnhskðh

Dkrnlar >

Dkrnlar ?

Ckorgrän+

Pauvghkrs

@neërgstnurnhtg

Pncnlg

gxbkok`kðh

Nulktarka

NucnsVackvncghtgs

Pncn lgrguhkahgs

Nr`bkva

Ca`nc

skhlk`nc

Pncn lgghgriängcë`trk`ny tnocgras

+Puogstn`kðh

Pncn lgOadons

+@kstgrhns

+Okactraslg niun

P n c n l g O k a e c t r a s

p u r k e ` n l a r g s l g n k r g

Bncc

P n c n l g n k r g s

n ` a h l k ` k a h n l a s

Ghegrdgrän

PP.BB.+

Ugstunrkaslg

pgrsahnc

Cnoarntarka

_g`gp`kðh lg _W

_ g ` g p ` k ð h l g

U a c u d k h a s a s

Pgpnrn`kðh

Dg`îhk`n

Glk`ka lgàhtrac

\úhgcgs lgegrdghtn`kðh

\úhgcgs lgdnlurn`kðh

V c n h t n l g \ r n h s e g r g h ` k n n _ g c c g h a P n h k t n r k a

Nha ysgpnrn`kðh

V c n h t n l g

V c î s t k ` a s

N c d n ` g

p n r n v g

_GPKLWAP W_ONHAP _GPKLWAP UACWDKHAPAP(`ndkahgs, n`bkhgras y atras)

Cnvnlgrasy Vnrquga`ndkahgs

Pgpnrn`kðhDnhunc

Ncdn`ëh lgern``kahgssgpnrnlnspnrn vghtn

U

@adglarlg pgrsahnc

+ @a`khn

A e ` k h n s

n l d k h k s t r n t k v n s

Vgrsahncnldkhkstrntkva

Khirgsalkrg`ta nnulktarka

Khirgsalg sgrvk`ka(dnhtghkdkghta & caiästk`n)

Vgrsahnckhlustrknc

@krùkta Glu`n`kahnc

@ndkahgs

@ndkahgslg pcnhtn

Ariîhkàs

Uacudkhasas

U a c u d k h a

V r a l u `

t a s

V r a l u `

t a s

V r a l u ` t a s

V r a l u ` t a s

K h a r i î h k ` a s

_ g ` b n z a s

_g`bnzas

_ g ` b n z a

s

_ g ` b n z a

s

Uksktnhtgs

@adglar

PP.BB.

PP.BB.

VCNZN LG _G@GV@KÐH+

GP\N@KAHNDKGH\AP

BNCC

BNCC

I u n

P g r v k ` k a s U k s k t n h t g - P g i u h l a h k v g c

@ g h t r a v k s k t n h t g s -

V r k d g r h k v g c

P g r v k ` k a s g d p c g n l a

s - p r k d g r P ð t n h

V c n h t n \ ë ` h k ` n

- P g i u h l a P ð t n h

V c n h t n K h l u s t r k n c l g K h a r i î h k ` a

V c n h t n L g @ a d p a s t n j g l g A r i î h k ` a

00; 0<6

0. Cn klgn àh`gptunc nrquktg`tðhk`n

\rnhseardnr uhn n`tkvklnl khlustrkncàhtndkhnhtg g krrgspahsnocg...

...gh uhn khlustrkn sustghtnocg= gàhðdk`n,sa knc y ndokghtncdghtg rgspahsnocg.

Eki.?65 Klgn @ah`gptunc Nrquktg`tðhk`n.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.



Nkscnhtg y pratg`tarn qug sg hkginn su ghtarha y n cn paskokcklnllg utkckznr su irnh supgr`kg lgdnhgrn ghgriëtk`ndghtg dîsg`kghtg y utkcktnrkn.

Khtgckightg, qug npravg`bn sundpckn supgr`kg lg ùork`kðhpnrn `nptnr g`kghtgdghtgrgùrsas eäskàs y ghgriëtkàslg su ghtarha pnrn dgjarnr cnsàhlk`kahgs gh su khtgrkar.

HA àhtndkhnhtg, qug gh vgzlg gckdkhnr lgsg`bas= tadny `nptn lgc dglka ndokghtgrgùrsas rghavnocgs pnrndgjarnr cn pgreardnh`g lg cnsn`tkvklnlgs gh gc khtgrkar lg cnspcnhtns khlustrkncgs.

_gprgsghtn k`ðhk`ndghtg n cnssncns lg sgpnrn`kðh dnhunc lg_W, uhn n`tkvklnl qug kdpck`n@G_A ckogrn`kðh lg `nroaha.

Gc gcgdghta dîs àhtndkhnhtglg taln khlustrkn. Gh`nrinlnlg gckdkhnr cas lgsg`bas lgpralu``kðh, prgsghtn n cnskhlustrkns àda n`tkvklnlgslnþkhns pnrn cn aduhklnl.

_gstrkhikla n gdpcgnlasgdpcgnlas

(dnsùckhas y egdghkhas)

gdprgsnrkas Vúockà gh ighgrnc

Hkþas & jðvghgs(àcgikncgs y uhkvgrsktnrkas)

ûg sg näscn lg su aduhklnl y lg su ghtarha,aùctnhla gh su khtgrkar cns n`tkvklnlgskhlustrkncgs usuncdghtg àhtndkhnhtgs. Pglgsckhln lg cn àduhklnl y lg su ghtarha, lgdnhgrn paà pnrtk`kpntkvn.

ûg sg norg n su ghtarha y àduhklnl,qug arinhkzn y adpntkokckzn gh su khtgrkarn`tkvklnlgs ùcturncgs, glu`ntkvns,nldkhkstrntkvns g khlustrkncgs lg dnhgrnàbgrghtg y trnhslks`kpckhnrkn.

Dgz`cn lg dntgrkncgs hugvas y rg`k`cnlasaotghklas lgc ghtarha khdglknta, qugaerg`gh lkegrghtgs paskokcklnlgs lg`grrndkghta lg nùgrla n cns a hlk`kahgs`ckdîtk`ns khtgrhns y gxtgrhns.

CN @AOG_\W_N CN @AOG_\W_NCN @BKDGHGN CN @BKDGHGN

CN GHUACUGH\G CN GHUACUGH\G



0<0 0<<

7. Ksadëtrk`n lgc prairndn (Vcnhtn lg khariîhkàs) (Vcnhtn lg khariîhkàs)Zahke`n`kðh & àdpask`kðh vacudëtrk`n

+ ?9.66 DK_NLA_

Dkrnlar Ncta /

+ 9.?6 PGIWHLN VCNH\N

Dkrnlar Onja / \kghln Pauvgrhkrs /Ckorgrän / @negtgrän /

+ ?9.66 DK_NLA_

+ 9.?6 PGIWHLN VCNH\N

O c a q u g >

vacudgh`bkdghgn

Îrgns @ucturncgsglu`ntkvns

Îrgns lgPgrvk`ka

ÎrgnsNldkhkstrntkvns

Îrgns Pgrvk`kasgdpcgnlas



+ >.66 V_KDG_N VCNH\N Easas lg lgs`nrin lg _W /

Nulktarka /

PP.BB. Uksktnhtgs / Dusga (sncn lggxbkok`kðh) / Nucns Vackvncghtgs /Okockatg`n / Gstn`kahndkghtas /

_g`gp`kðh & Bncc lg khirgsa / Igrgh`kn / Pncn lg _guhkahgs /

Pncn ? Pgcg``kðh dnhunc lg _W /

+>.66 V_KDG_N VCNH\N

O c a q u g ?

O c a q u g 0

vacudgh`bkdghgn

vacudghglke`kavktrkhn

vacudgheasas lgrg`gp`kðh

vacudgh pcnhtnlg trnhsegrgh kn

vacudghiunlgrän

vacudghiunlgrän

- 0.76 V_KDG_ PÐ\NHA Cnoarntarka /

PP.BB. & Lu`bns y vgstunrkas lgAorgras / Ghegrdgrän / Ca`nc skhlk`nc / @adglar lg Vgrsahnc /

Ae`khns / Nr`bkva / Nldkhkstrn`kðh /PP.BB. Nldkhkstrntkvas

Khirgsa lg pgrsahnc / Iunlgrän /

Pncn > Pgcg``kðh dnhunc lg _W /

- 0.76 V_KDG_ PÐ\NHA

- 2.66 PGIWHLA PÐ\NHA Pncns \ë`hk ns lg Okaectrasy Nkrg nàhlk`kahnla /

@kstgrhns y unrta lg

oadons / Puogstn`kðhgcë`trk`n / tnocgras &Irupa gcg`trðigha /

PP.BB. Aorgras

Îrgns khlutrkncgs / Ncdn`ghnjg / Lgspn`balg Puo-pralu`tas /

- 2.66 PGIWHLA PÐ\NHA

Eki.?62 Ksadgträn lgc prairndn y àdpask`kðhvacudëtrk`n lg cn Vcnhtn lg Khariîhkàs.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

ÎrgnsKhlustrkncgs

0<7 0<5

5. Ksadëtrk`n lgc prairndn(Vcnhtn lg ariîhkàs)

ÎrgnsKhlustrkncgs

+ 2.>6 @AH\_AC VCNH\N

+ 2.>6 @AH\_AC LG VCNH\N

@ahtrac ncta lg Vcnhtn / Dkrnlargs /

vacudghsncns të`hk ns

(Vcnhtn lg ariîhkàs)Zahke`n`kðh & àdpask`kðh vacudëtrk`n



Eki.?6; Ksadgträn lgc prairndn y à dpask`kðhvacudëtrk`n lg cn Vcnhtn lg Ariîhkàs.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

+ 0.66 @K_@WK\A OKAEKC\_AP

- 6.76 \G@BA \ÚHGCGP

- 2.66 PGIWHLA PÐ\NHA

+ 0.66 OKAEKC\_AP @ahtrac \ë`hk a / Okaectras lg nkrg / Dkrnlargs /

- 6.76 \G@BA \ÚHGCGP Khirgsa lg ariîhkàs n túhgcgs /\g`bas lg \úhgcgs /

- 2.66 PGIWHLA PÐ\NHA _gpnrtklar lg ariîhkàs /

Pncns lg dîqukhns, budklke`nlargsy ahtrac lg tgdpgrnturn / Pncn

Lg ahtraca lg dîqukhnrkn / \úhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh ydnlurn`kðh lg adpast /Pncn lg neha lg @adpast / Lgpðskta lg adpast pnrn vghtn /

vacudghgstúhgcgs

vacudghokaectras

vacudghsncn lgneha

0<9 0<2

9. Pkstgdn lg davkdkghta y ladkhkas

(Vcnhtn lg khariîhkàs)Wsunrka: Gdpcgnlas, aorgras y vksktnhtgs

`krùcn`kðh lg rgskluas

Wsunrka: Gdpcgnlas y vksktnhtgs

k h i r g s a s g r v k ` k a k h i r g s a p r k h k p n c

k h i r g s a n u l k t a r k a



(Vcnhtn lg ariîhkàs)

LADKHKA VWOCK@A@krùkta vksktnhtgs

LADKHKA PGDK - VWOCK@A@krùkta Îrgns Nldkhkstrntkvns Wsunrka: Paca Aorgras

Wsunrka: Paca Aorgras`krùcn`kðh lg rgskluas

LADKHKA _GP\_KHIKLA@krùkta Aorgras

LADKHKA _GP\_KHIKLA@krùkta Aorgras

LADKHKA KHLWP\_KNC@krùkta _gskluas

LADKHKA KHLWP\_KNC@krùkta _gskluas

k h i r g s a s g r v k ` k a

l g s n r i n l g

v a c u d k h a s a s

G c k d k h n k ð h

l g r g b n z a s n p c n h t n l g a r i î h k ` a s

l g s p n b a

l g s p n b a v a c u d k h a s a s

` a d p a s t p n r n v g h t n

` a d p a s t p n r n v g h t n

k h i r g s a g d p c g n l a s

y i u n l g r ä n

p c n h t n l g v a c u d k h a s a s

k h i r g s a g d p c g n l a s

y i u n l g r ä n

n p c n

h t n l

g

a r i î h k ` a s

l g s ` n r i n l g

r g s k l u a s

r g ` b

n z a s

n _ P n

v k g h g l g p c n h t n

l g k h

a r i î h k ` a s

v k g

h g l g s l

g p c n h t n

l g k h

a r i î h k ` a s

LadkhkaKhlustrknc

LadkhkaVúockà

LadkhkaPgdk - Vúockà

Ladkhka_gstrkhikla

Eki.?>6 Lknirndns lg `krùcn`kahgs, usunrkas yladkhkas lg cn pcnhtns lg Khariîhkàs yariîhkàs. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

@krùcn`kahgsVrkh`kpncgs

@krùcn`kahgsNuxkcknrgs

@krùcn`kahgsUgrtk`ncgs

@krùcn`kahgs parns`ghsar

0<; 076

2. Lknirndns lg uja lgc pra`gsa khlustrknc

sgpnrn kðh dnihëtk nD

rgskluas uronhas sgpnrnlas gh arkigh

khariîhk as ariîhk as

>. Pgpnrn kðh y pra`gsndkghta lg khariîhkàs

? Vcnhtn lg Uacudkhasas 0 Vcnhtnlg@adpastnjg (ariîhkàs)

Eki.?>> Lknirndns lg Ecuja lgc pra`gsa khlustrknc. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.



zahn lg rg`gp kðh (easa lg lgs`nrin)

túhgcgs lg egrdghtn kðh

trðdgcgs lg nha

easa lg vacudkhasas

dgsns lghskdëtrk ns

nàpka pnrn vghtn

àdgr knckzn kðh

túhgcgs lg dnlurn kðh

sgpnrn kðh par tndnþa (trðdgc + radpglar oacsns)

lkstrkouklar lg uja (trðdgc lg rgpnrta)

t ú h g c g s l g

s u o - p r a l u ` t a s

sgpnrn kðh dnhunc

p c î s t k ` a s

prghsnla & gdpn`nla t r k t u r n l a

p r g h

s n l a

ncdn`ghndkghta (gh oncns - àhtghglargs a skcas)

vghtn y àdgr knckzn kðh

d g t n c g s

e g r r a s a s

d g t n c g s

h a e g r r a s a s

v k l r k a s

p n p g c & ` n r t ð h

t g t r n p n m

D

p c n h t n l g

p c î s t k ` a s

oypnss

oypnss

ariîhkàs bn kn adpastnjg

D

` a h t r a c l g a c a r g s

g h o k a c t r a s

r g i u c n ` k ð h l g n k r g n ` k ð h

y b u d g ` t n ` k ð h

N e h a

?. Vcnhtn lg Uacudkhasas

<. Vcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh kn

7. Vcnhtn lg Vcîstkàs

0. Vcnhtn lg @adpastnjg (ariîhkàs)

vacudkhasas pravghkghtgslg nàpknlargs (`n`bkhgras)

gxtrn` kðh lg insgslg cähgn ocnh`n

trkturn kðh

D

prghsnla-àdpn tn kðh

àhtghglargs

_gccgha Pnhktnrka

tacvn lg rg`gp kðh

àhtghglar - prghsnlar

pcîstk as pravghkghtg lg cnsensgs prgvkns lg sgpnrn kðh dnhunc

pcîtk as VG\

nàpka

trkturn kðh

cnvnla & ghjuniug

ghsn`nla

ghsn`nla

nàpka

trkturn kðh

cnvnla & ghjuniug

rgdackla & sg`nla

gxtruskðh

ncdn`ghndkghta y àdgr knckzn kðh

ecd, pcîtkàs VG - VV

07> 07?

;. Ksadëtrk`ns lgc pra`gsa khlustrknc

e a s a r g ` g p ` k ð h

a r i î h k ` a s

\ r k t u r n ` k ð h l g

a r i î h k ` a s

d n i h g t a l g

a r i î h k ` a s

d n i h g t a l g


d n i h g t a l g


l g s p n ` b a y v g h t n

l g s u o - p r a l u ` t a s

o y p n s s

l g s l g

t r ð d g c g s

i r u n p u c p a


` a d p n ` t n ` k ð h

& l g s p n ` b a l g


p r g h s n l a l g

s u o p r a l u ` t a s

p r g h s n l a l g

e ë r r g a s

e a s a r g ` g p ` k ð h

k h a r i î h k ` a s

r g ` g p ` k ð h


g x t g r h a s



B N @ K N V C N H \ N

L G A _ I Î H K @ A P

U K G H G L G P L G

V C N H \ N

L G A _ I Î H K @ A P

dnihgta lgsncns lg sgcg``kðh

d n i h g t a l g

s n c n s l g s g c g ` ` k ð h

d n i h g t a l g


` a h a l g

r g ` b n z a s

` a d p a s t p n r n

v g h t n

àdpast pnrnvghtn

e n j n s n c k l n

l g t ú h g c g s

o k a c t r a s

l g t ú h g c g s

o k e u r ` n l a r g s

l g l k r g ` ` k ð h

e n j n s k h i r g s a

l g ` a d p a

s t

s n c n l g n h a

l g ` a d p a

s t

Pncn lg budk`n`kðh yàhtrac lg tgdpgrnturn

o y p n s s

l g s l g

t r ð d g c g s

trktutn`kðh lgvacudkhasas

@ a d p n ` t n ` k ð h

& \ r n h s e g r g h -

` k n l g r g ` b z a s

vacudkhasaslgslg trðdgcgs

t r ð d g c g s

s g p n r n l a r g s

p a r t n d n þ a

t r ð d g c g s

r g p n r t k l a r g s

l g u j a

s n c n s s g c g ` ` k ð h

d n h u n c

t ú h g c g s l g

s u o p r a l u ` t a s

t r n t n d k g h t a

l g p c î s t k ` a s

n c d n ` g h n j g l g

s u o - p r a l u ` t a s

VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎHK@AP@krùkta lg khariîhk as@krùkta lg ariîhk as

VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎHK@AP@krùkta lg rg`bnzas

VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎHK@AP@krùkta lg vacudkhasas

VCNH\N LG A_IÎHK@AP@krùkta lg ariîhk as@krùkta lg rg`bnzas

Dnqukhnrkn nskstgh`knc

Eki.?>? Ksadëtrk`ns lgc Vra`gsa Khlustrknc lg cnpcnhtns lg Khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

07<

>6. \g`hacaiäns sustghtnocgs, `ncklnl gàcðik`n y àhsgrvn`kðh lg ghgriän - rgùrsas

CN @BKDGHGN G@ACÐIK@N

Pkstgdn lg gxtrn``kðh `ncarä`ndglknhtg su``kðh hnturnc (skstgdnha gcë`trkà), qug pgrdktg rgtkrnr gc`ncar pralu`kla par cn dnqukhnrknrgiucnhla cn tgdpgrnturns nc khtg-rkar lgc glk`ka + Pkstgdn lkeusar lgkcudkhn`kðh hnturnc dglknhtg cîd-pnrn lg rgern``kðh y igatgxtkc.

Pkstgdn lg pnhgcgs eatavactnkàs rgtkùcnrgs ghpcnh`bn vklrknln, qug pgrdktgh ha saca cn ighg-rn`kðh lg gcg`trk`klnl pnrn gc glk`ka nldkhkstrn-tkva, skha tndokëh tndkznh cas rnyas sacnrgs lgcns îrgns qug ùorgh n dnhgrn lg përiacn.

CN @AOG_\W_N DALWCN_

CN @AOG_\W_N EA\AUAC\NK@N



H

G

A

P

Cn gstru`turn gspn`knc dalucnr oklkrg``kahnc pgr -dktg uhn dîxkdn rgàcg``kðh lg niun pcuvknc.Cns nogrturns sg arkghtnh nc Pur-Gstg pnrn kcudk -hnr y vghtkcnr hnturncdghtg cns pcnhtns khlustrkn-cgs lurnhtg tala gc län. Cn laocg kh`ckhn`kðh sg

arkghtn nc Har-Agstg pnrn ocaqugnr gc khirgsa lggx`gskvas rnyas sacnrgs.

Lgstkhnla n pratgigr talns nqugccns n`tkvkln-lgs qug hg`gsktgh tatnc nkscndkghta lg nightgsgxtgrhas y/a qug puglnh ighgrnr uh kdpn`ta ghgc ghtarha y gh cas vksktnhtgs.

Pkstgdn lg `grrndkghta pnr`knc qug pgrdktguhn vghtkcn`kðh hnturnc g khlkrg`tn, nsä àda

uhn àhstnhtg kcudkhn`kðh tndkznln par cns ra`ns lg skccnr àhtghklns gh su khtgrkar.

Pkstgdn lg pnhgcgs dgtîckàs pnrn cn vghtk-cn`kðh lg cns îrgns khlustrkncgs. Cas pnhgcgsikrntarkas gstîh lgstkhnlas n lkrg``kahnr casujas lg nkrg gxtgrhas nlgdîs lg sgrvkr àdapgrsknhns qug puglgh a ha ocaqugnr cas rnyassacnrgs sgiúh sgn hg`gsnrka (pnhgcgs arkghtn-las bn`kn gc HA_\G).

Cas dnyargs n`rkstncndkghtas, pnskccas lg

`krùcn`kðh y rndpns njnrlkhnlns sg uok`nhbn`kn gc sur pgrdktkghla khtralu`kr irnh `nhtk-lnl lg cuz nc khtgrkar lgc glk`ka. Cn en`bnln arkghtnln bn`kn gc hartg sg gh-ùghtrn onja uh skstgdn lg àogrturns sgdk-trnhscú`klns qug khtralu`gh cuz y sac par dîslg 2 br. rglu`kghla gc àhsuda lg ghgriängcë`trk`n gh tala gc glk`ka.

Cas pnhgcgs dgtîckàs lg cn en`bnln hartg,nc sgr ikrntarkas, puglgh àhtracnr cn `nhtklnllg sac hg`gsnrka nc khtgrkar lg cns zahnskhlustrkncgs (dglkln nhtk`ëptk`n).

CNP GHUACUGH\GP KH\GCKIGH\GP

A_KGH\N@KÐH CAHIK\WLKHNCGP\G - AGP\G

Dura @ah`rgta Nrdnla (Kdpgrdgnocg)

(n)

(n)

(o)

(o)

(`)

(`)@ahtrneugrtg lg Invkðh (Pgdk-pgrdgnocg)

Vkgc lg dnccn dgtîck`n (Vgrdgnocg)

Eki.?>0 \g`hacaiäns Pustghtnocgs npck`nlns nclksgþa lg cns Vcnhtns lg trntndkghta.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

077 075

>6.> CN @BKDGHGN G@ACÐIK@N

Dkrnlar Gxtrn`tar gðckà lg su``kðh hnturnc (àhtrac tërdk a hnturnc)

En`bnln Nokgrtn + Gxtrn tar nokgrta En`bnln @grrnln + Gxtrn tar nokgrta

Onrnhlns lgaosgrvn`kðh

GR\_N@@KÐH HN\W_NC LG NK_G [ @AH\_AC LG \GDVG_N\W_N

Pkstgdn lg gxtrn``kðh `ncarä`ndglknhtg su``kðh hnturnc (skstgdnha gcë`trkà), qug pgrdktg rgtkrnr gc`ncar pralu`kla par cn dnqukhnrkn ylg cas acargs pralu`klas nc khtgrkarlg cns îrgns khlustrkncgs.

]>T ]0T



Pkstgdn lg rndpns

Gstru`turn lg sapartg

Dnqukhnrkn pnrn cnsgcg``kðh dnhunc lg _W ( 6% lg @A ? gdktkla)

Vkgcgs

Gxtrn`tar gðckà+

Lkeusar cudähkà

Lkeusar Cudähkà(kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc y onja nsacgndkghta)

Khirgsa lg Aorgras

Dnihgtas

Enjns lg sgcg` kðh

Lu tas pnrn _W

\úhgcgs lg suo-pralu tas

Easas lg `nrinpnrn trkturn kðh y prghsnla

Pg` kðh Barkzahtnc

En`bnln Nokgrtn Gxtrn tar nokgrta

En`bnln Nokgrtn + Gxtrn tar @grrnla

UG_NHA KHUKG_HA

En`bnln @grrnln Gxtrn tar nokgrta

En`bnln @grrnln + Gxtrn tar @grrnla

@krùkta të`hkàglu`n kahnc

@gcasän dgtîck`n

vgrtk`nc

@gcasän dgtîck`nvgrtk`nc

Pkstgdn lg pgrcgsnutapartnhtgs lg vklrka

V_AEKCK\ ®

Pkstgdn lg pgrcgs nutapartnhtgs lg vklrka gh ‒W‛ - V_AEKCK\ ®

Gs`ncgrns lgslgîrgns khlustrkncgs

_ndpns bn kndkrnlar

@adpugrtns ikrntarkns

Vëriacn krùcnr

Iga-tgxtkc

Pkstgdn lg npgrturn àdputnrk-znln sgiúh tgdpgrnturn khtgrkar.Pg norgh pnrn gxtrngr gc nkrg`nckghtg lgc khtgrkar y sg `kgrrnhpnrn rgàcg`tnr niun lg ccuvkn.

Pkstgdn gstru`turnc y lg sapartglgc iga-tgxtkc. Cn eardn `ðhk npgrdktg ocaqugnr gc khirgsa lgrnyas sacnrgs y pgrdktkr uhn dîsg`kghtg rgern``kðh lg cn cuzgxtgrkar.

Dnccn Gcîstk n trnhs-cú`kln. Lnln su para-sklnl, gstî lksgþnlnpnrn cn gxtrn``kðh lgcnkrg lgslg gc khtgrkar yn`tunr n cn àda supgr-`kg lkeusarn (tkpa cîd-pnrn) lg cn cuz `nptnln

lgslg gc gxtgrkar

Lg gstn dnhgrn sg cairn rglu`kr gcàhsuda ghgriëtkà hg`gsnrka pnrngc àhtrac lg cn tgdpgrnturn y cn gck-dkhn`kðh lg acargs dacgstas gh cnsîrgn lg trnonja y vksktn.

KCWDKHN@KÐH HN\W_NCLG GPVN@KAP LG \_NONJA

Pkstgdn lkeusar lg kcudkhn`kðh hn-turnc dglknhtg cîdpnrn lg rgern`-`kðh y dnccn gcîstk`n rgern`tnhtg.

Dglknhtg gstg skstgdn sg cairnrglu`kr gh uh 76% gc àhsuda lgghgriän gcë`trk`n hg`gsnrkn pnrn nckcudkhn`kðh lg cns sncns lg sgcg`-`kðh dnhunc lg _W.

Eki.?>< Lknirndns lg‒Cn @bkdghgn Gàcðik`n‛.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

+ Vralu`ta enork nla par Vkcmkhitah. Cas pgrcgs lg vklrka trnhscú kla sah lg gx`gcghtg npn klnl

lg trnhsdkskðh lg cuz lkeusn, ahlk kðh hg`gsnrkn gh cns sncns lg gsàja= nlgdîs lg nyulnr ncocaquga lg vksuncgs qug puglnh lkstrngr cn lgck nln cnoar lg cas trnonjnlargs.

+ Vnrn orkhlnr bgrdgtk klnl y gvktnr gc gs`npg lg acargs dacgstas, cns juhtns lgc skstgdn sahaoturnlns àh sgccnlar lg skck ahn lg nctn rgskstgh kn.

+ Cn rgskstgh kn dg`îhk n lgc pgrc gckdkhn cn hg`gsklnl lg gdpcgnr uhn `nrpkhtgrän àhvgh kahncpnrn àhstrukr `grrndkghtas lg irnhlgs lkdghskahgs, rglu kghla gc àhsuda lg dntgrkncgsgdpcgnlas gh gc pra`gsa lg dahtnjg.

+ Pg àca`nrî uh skstgdn lg laocg vklrknla, pnrn palgr nkscnr tërdk n y n`ústk ndghtg gc khtgrkarlg cns sncns, y nsä orkhlnr uhàheart, klgnc pnrn cas trnonjn-largs, n duy onja àsta.

]?T ]<T

079 072

>6.? CN @AOG_\W_N DALWCN_

H

H

H

Ighgrn`kðh dalucnr Gc dðluca sg ighgrn n pnrtkr lgc ghtrg`ruzndkghta lg ?tg`bas kh`ckhnlas, àh`gokla nsä àh gc h lg ighgrnr uhskstgdn gstru`turnc oklkrg``kahnc nsgrrnla qug pugln sgr vkstalgslg talns lkrg``kahgs.

Cn dalucn`kðh gstîhlnr lg 7.76 d. R 7.76 d pgrdktg nonrn-tnr àstas lg enork`n`kðh y àhstru``kðh irn`kns n cn sgrknckzn -`kðh lg sus pnrtgs

Kh`ckhn`kðh lgtg`ba: 06¶- 07¶

N ë r g n

H A b

n ` k n P G

Eki.?>7 Lknirndns lg ‒Cn @aogrturn Dgdornhnc‛. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

4 + +



Whn dntrkz vksunc ndoknhtg

P

H

P

H

H

Gc hkvgc lg npgrturn lg cn àogrturnvnrän sgiúh gc îhiuca lg vkskðh y cn pa-sk`kðh lgc gspg`tnlar, ighgrnhla uhn khhklnl lgpaskokcklnlgs vksuncgs qug ghrkqug`gh gc gspn`ka ycas rgàrrklas gxtgrkargs g khtgr kargs.

H

H

H

Khvkgrha

Ugrnha

@rktgrkas lgarkghtn`kðh dalucnr

Pkstgdn lgrgàcg``kðh pcuvknc

Pkstgdn lg rgerkigrn`kðhy vghtkcn`kðh hnturnc

Cns nogrturns lg dnccn dgtîck`n

sg bnh arkghtnla gstrntëik`n-dghtg bn`kn gc Pur-Gstg pnrnkcudkhnr hnturncdghtg cns îrgnskhlustrkncgs lg ghtrg ; n >?barns sgiuklns, rglu`kghlaàhsklgrnocgdghtg gc àhsudaghgriëtkà utkckznla gh kcudkhn-`kðh.

Nsä dksda, cn laocg kh`ckhn`kðhlg cns àogrturns dgtîck`nssg arkghtnh nc Har-Agstg pnrnocaqugnr gc khirgsa lg gx`gskvasrnyas sacnrgs qug puglnh khtgr-egrkr gh cns cnoargs khlustrkncgs.

Cns nogrturns lg dnccn dgtîck`n pgrdktgh gvnùnr n ca cnrialgc län tala gx`gsa lg ins, `ncar u acar lgc khtgrkar lg cnsîrgn lg trnonja. Cas insgs sah gxpucsnlas irn`kns n cnsàrrkghtgs lg nkrg ighgrnlns nc norkr cas pnhgcgs ikrntarkas lgcn en`bnln Hartg.

Gc skstgdn rglu`g gc àhsuda ghgriëtkà utkckznla gh cngxtrn``kðh lg nkrg, skghla uhn nctgrhntkvn gà-tg`hacðik`n lgduy onja àsta.

Gc niun pcuvknc rgùpgrnln lurnhtg cas dgsgs lg ccuvkn gsrgàcg`tnln y `nhnckznln bn`kn uhn sgrkg lg okactras pnrnsu ctrnla y purk`nla, y nsä sgr usnln pastgrkardghtg àdaniun lg rginläa gh zahns gxtgrkargs, niun pnrn khalaras ygh gc skstgdn àhtrn kh`ghlkas.

`kðh lg sus pnrtgs.

Lkrg``kðh lg pghlkghtgDahtnhtgs

uok`nlas gh gjgsgstru`turncgs

Nkrg lgslg en`bnlnikrntarkn nokgrtn

Vghlkghtg?.76¶

@aogrturn Eatavactnk`nPgdk-trnhspnrghtg

Gstru`turn gspn`knclg sapartg

Dnccn dgtîck`npgrearnln

@aogrturn dgtîck`nn`nhncnln \BG_DA\G@BAV_G@A_ \@N

@aogrturn dgtîck`nn`nhncnln \G@HA\G@BAV_G@A_ \_NPCÚ@KLA \_<

Pkducnhlauhn oka-dgd-ornhn, cn àogrturn gsuhn nicadgrn`kðh arlghnln lgdalucas gspn`kncgs n dala lg `ëcucns,qug ùghtnh àh supgr`kgs kh`ckhnlns pnrn cnrgàcg``kðh lg niun pcuvknc y nogrturns trknhiucnrgsoklkrg``kahncgs pnrn cn kcudkhn`kðh y vghtkcn`kðh hnturnc.

Gstg tkpa lg arinhkzn`kðh pgrdktg cn rîpkln igadgtrkzn`kðh y njustglg cn àogrturn àh rgspg`ta n cns lgdîs gstru`turns lgc glk`kanlgdîs lg ighgrnr uhn irnh vnrkglnl vksunc y gspn`knc n ca cnria lgsu rgàrrkla.

Cns nogrturns trknhiucnrgs gh gc tg`ba sah àheg``kahnlns àhdnccns dgtîck`ns pgrearnlns, pghsnlns nsä pnrn palgr gckdkhnr casinsgs, `ncar y acargs ighgrnlas par cns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgstrnonjnhla gh eardn àhjuhtn àh cns en`bnlns dgtîck`ns ikrntarkns,àca`nlns gh cn en`bnln Hartg.

N ë r g n

P A b

n ` k n H G

N ë r g n

P G b n ` k n H A

V g n t a h n c

H G b n ` k n P A

V g n t a h n c

H A b

n ` k n P G

V g n t a h n c

P G b n ` k n H A

4 >266 - 0666d0 /nþa

07; 056

>6.0 CN @AOG_\W_N EA\AUAC\NK@N

VNHGC EA\AUAC\NK@A DAHA@_KP\NCKHA[ABMAH® [G5><6D

Cas pnhgcgs eatavactnkàs khstncnlas gh cn àogrturn qug ùorgh gcbncc lg khirgsa, rg`gp`kðh, `negtgrän, tkghln lg sauvghkrs y dkrnlar,lnln su trnhspnrgh`kn, pgrdktgh qug cn cuz sacnr pnsg n trnvës lgcdðluca lg dnhgrn tndkznln y nsä ha pgrlgr kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc.

Gstas dðlucas sah uh gjgdpca lg cns paskokcklnlgs lg pralu`tas

Vnhgc lg>797 dd. x 26< dd. x >6 dd.

>>66 d?

(\atnc Îrgn ùokgrtn àh pnhgcgs)

259 pnhgcgs(@nhtklnl tatnc lg pnhgcgs khstncnlas)

997 Yb / d? / län(@nhtklnl lg Yntts pralu`klas lknrkndghtgpar dgtra ùnlrnla lg pnhgc khstncnla)



j p p pn dglkln pnrn prayg`tas lg khtgirn`kðh nrquktg`tðhk`n (OKVU) qugàdokhn cn euh`kðh `cîsk`n lg cn pralu``kðh lg gcg`trk`klnl y cn lguh gcgdghta àhstru`tkva-lgàrntkva dalgrha y vnhiunrlkstn.

Nlgdîs lg pralu`kr uhn àhsklgrnocg `nhtklnl lg gcg`trk`klnl nsgr usnln gh gc glk`ka nldkhkstrntkva-ùcturnc, qug rgluhlnrî gh

uh nbarra gh gc àhsuda ghgriëtkà, cas pnhgcgs sah gdoncnlasonja gc skstgdn [abmah Gàtktnh® qug inrnhtkzn uh trnhspartg lgeardn dîs sgiurn y en`kcktn su khstncn`kðh dkhkdkznhla cas lgspgr-lk`kas lgrkvnlas lgc pra`gsa lg lgsgdoncnjg.

Kdîighgs lg rgegrgh`kn:

@nckearhkn N`nlgdy ae P`kgh`gs,Pnh Ernh`ksà, WPN. @artgsän lg_ghza Vknha Oukclkhi Yarmsbap.

@adpahghtgs lgc pnhgc:

>) @npn erahtnc: @rkstnc tgdpcnla?) @npn prkdnrkn lg gh`npsucnhtg0) @ëcucns eatavactnk`ns `rkstnckhns<) @npn sgùhlnrkn lg gh`npsucnhtg7) @npn pastgrkar: @rkstnc tgdpcnla

HA\N: Vnhgcgs lg enork`n`kðh gspnþacn.

05 `gclns lg>7.5 dd. x >7.5 dd.

(par pnhgc)pralu`gh

><6 Yp(Yntts pkà/pnhgc)

p p )

27?.6 MYb / län(@nhtklnl lg Yntts pralu`klas lknrkndghtgpar talas cas pnhgcgs)

@ncùcnla gh onsg n uh tatnc lg 9 brs pkàlg sac y gh àhlk`kahgs gstîhlnr lg ghsnya(P\@): ND>.7, >666Y/d? , ?7º@)

P/. 52?.66 - $ ?77.56(@nhtklnl lg Pacgs-lðcnrgs nbarrnlas lknrkndghtg)

@asta ca`nc npraxkdnla lg P/. 6.26 (Hugvas Pacgs) ð$ 6.06 (Lðcnrgs Ndgrk`nhas) par Mwb KH@. KIU.> ?

0<

7

Yp x 9br.

Îrgn pnhgcÎrgn tatnc

ùorkr \A\NCYb/län4x Eðrducn

>6 dd.

-6,<7 (%/¶@)

>797x26< ¾? dd.

?5 mi.

>66> UL@

-<6¶@ n 27¶@

↟>06 md/b

?7 dd.

26 md/b

+>,?0 (dN/¶@)

-97,06 (dU/¶@)

<7¶@

>0 UUactnjg

\gdpgrnturn hardnc lg apgrn`kðh HA@\

@age. tgdp. tghskðh lg krùkta nokgrta \m(UA@

)

@age. tgdp. arrkghtg lg arta`krùkta \m(KP@

)

Lkdghskahgs

@age. tgdp. Vatgh`kn dîxkdn \m(Vh)

Gspgsar ah dnrà, kh`cukln njn lg àhgxkahgs

Vgsa

\ghskðh dîxkdn lg skstgdn

\gdpgrnturn lg trnonja

_gskstgh`kn nc vkghta

Lkîdgtra lg irnhkza dîxkda

Ugca`klnl lg ghsnya lg kdpn`ta lg irnhkza

k k k )

k k k ) K

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Eki.?>5 Lknirndns lg ‒Cn @aogrturn Eatavactnk`n‛. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

05> 05?

>6.< CNP GHUACUGH\GP KH\GCKIGH\GP

N. Cn Vkgc Dgtîck`n ikrntarkn (Pkstgdn pgrdgnocg) O. @ahtrneugrtgs lg Invkðh (Pkstgdn sgdk-pgrdgnocg)

I k r n t a r k a l g V c n h ` b n

n l n .

D n r ` a d g t î c k ` a

6 x 6 . >

6

d g t î c k ` a g h g j g l g i k r a

t u r n d g t î c k ` n l g s a p a r t g

g c g s 6 . ?

6 x 6 . >

6

g ` t n h i u c n r p n r n p c n h ` b n

n l n - P g ` ` k ð h 6 . 6

7 x 6 . 6

7

@arhksn lg n`gragcg`traincvnhkznla laocnlan dîqukhn (n46.>6)(b4 6.;6)

@arhksn lg n`gragcg`tra-incvnhkznla y nhncgtn

pnrn lgsnióg pcuvknc

@acudhn lg ah`rgtanrdnla (>.66 x 6.<6)

Gckdkhn`kðh pnucntkhn lginsgs, acargs y`ncar gx`gskva

_kpka lg skccnr pnrn rgccgha.\ndnþa pradglka lg ra`n(2 – a lg >7 n ?6 `d.)

Gc skstgdn lg pnhgcgs vngcg`trasaclnla y rgdn`bnla nàcudhns y àogrturn dgtîck`n



Gc skstgdn lg pnhgcgs ikrntarkas y cndnccn dgtîck`n pgrearnln pgrdktgh gckhirgsa lg nkrg bn`kn gc khtgrkar lg cnVcnhtn khlustrknc pnrn cairnr, gh àh-

juhta àh cn `bkdghgn gàcðik`n y cnàogrturn dgdornhnc, cn gvnùn`kðhhnturnc lg insgs, acargs y `ncar gx`g-skva. Gstg skstgdn lg vghtkcn`kðh hn-turnc rgluhln gh uh nbarra ghgriëtkààhsklgrnocg n cnria pcnza.

Nsä dksda, gc skstgdn ikr ntarka arkgh-tnla nc Hartg, euh`kahn àda uh àh-

juhta lg pgrsknhns àhtracnlns gcg`-trðhk`ndghtg, y qug sgiúh gc îhiucalg ikra, khtralu`gh lkegrghtgs `nhtkln-lgs lg sac àda dglkln nhtksëptk`n ylgsbudglg`glarn, àhtracnhla hntu-rncdghtg cn tgdpgrnturn y budglnllgc rg`khta.

Cas àhtrneugrtgs lg invkðh bnh skla ca`nckznlas juhta n `krùcn`kahgsy pnskccas lg tnc eardn qug skrvnh àda uhn pkgc qug pgrdktg cn khtg-rn``kðh khlkrg`tn lgc khtgrkar lgc glk`ka àh gc dglka ndokghtg qug caralgn.

Nc gstnr rgccghas lg _KVKA LG PKCCN_, gc dura prgsghtn uhn irnhparasklnl qug näscn gc khtgrkar lgc rukla, pgra qug ha ocaqugn cn kcudk -hn`kðh àda sk ca bnrän uh dura tatncdghtg apnà.

Gstn parasklnl skrvg nlgdîs pnrn gxtrngr insgs, acargs y gx`gsa lg`ncar lgslg gc khtgrkar n cn vgz lg khtralu`kr pgqugþns rîenins lg

vkghta, skh ighgrnr eugrtgs y dacgstns àrrkghtgs lg nkrg.

Cns `njns lg dnccn gcg`trasaclnln, sgrîh rgccghnlns àh `gr`nlg 9766.66 d0. lg _KVKA LG PKCCN_ (lgspgrlk`ka ighgrnlagh cns `nhtgrns lg skccnr uok`nlns n dghas lg < Md. lgc sktka)ca qug rgprgsghtn uhn gstrntgikn ndokghtnc skh prg`glghtgs.

\ala gstg dntgrknc sgrî rg`k`cnla y nlqukrkla skh ` asta nciuha,ca unc supahlrî uh irnh nbarra gh cas astas lg ahstru``kðh ytrnhspartg= nlgdîs lg rghavnr cn täpk`n gstëtk`n lgc àhtrneugr -tg nrgqukpgþa lg skccnr.

V n h g c I

p g r e a r n

l g 6 . >

6

\ g h s a r

G s t r u ` t

l g p n h

Gstru`turn sapartg lgpnhgcgs 6.06 x 6.06

\ u o a r g

p g r e a r n

Gstru`turn lg sapartg gh ‒ K‛àh `nhncgtn pnrn `nlghn lgskstgdn ikrntarka (n4 6.06)(b46.<6)

Invkahgs V_ALN@ ® lg n`gragcg`trasaclnla (?.66 x >.66 x >.66)

@acudhn dgtîck`n lgsapartg sgùhlnrka (6.?6 x 6.?6)

Ukin dgtîck`n lg ndnrrgsgùhlnrka ( 6.?6 x 6.>6)

Nlaquäh rg`k`cnlaAotghkla lg ra`n kh sktu.\ndnþa pradglka ?6 d.

Onsg lg irnvn npksahnln

Dura lg ahtgh`kðh lgàh`rgta nrdnla(e‛`4?26 Mi/`d?)(g4 6.06)

Vcn`n dgtîck`n gh ‒C‛pnrn nh`cnjg lg invkðh ndura lg ahtgh`kðh(6.>7 x 6.>7)

@nhncgtn pnrn lgsnióglg niun pcuvknc

Khirgsa lg tghugs rîeninslg nkrg (vghtkcn`kðh hnturnc)

@nhncgtn pnrn niun

Encsa pksa lg ah`rgta (g46.?7)

Ekgrra lg ahstru``kðhpnrn vkin lg kdghtn`kðh

Ukin lg kdghtn`kðh

Vglgstnc + znpntn pnrnàcudhn lg ah`rgta

nrdnla

@njn lg n`gra gcgtrasaclnla yincvnhkznla ah Ogzkhnc ®à`nln artaiahnc lg 97 x 97dd. (0— x 0—). Gsqukhns

rkiklkznlns ah BAI-_KHIP

Î_GN UKPK\NH\GP - NLDKHKP\_.Vksa P\AHBN_L ® ‒Ptahg`cnl‛ I_,àcar @nroðh (@bnrànc)(g 4 0 dd.) _gskstghtg n Kdpn`ta,eugia, nornskðh y quädkàs. Wtkckznvklrka rg`k`cnla gh su enork`n`kðh.

Î_GN KHLWP\_KNC

Vksa DNP\G_@_AH ® lg DO\ aONPE. Ghlurg`glar supgr`knc lgùnrza acar Irks asùra (5Mi/d?)Pgccnr juhtns ah Dnstgrcc066 lg DO\.

VNHGCGPIK_N\A_KAP

VNHGCGPEKJAP

Vcnh`bn dgtîck`n pgrearnlnCN@ rglahln L<;6I (N`gras Nrgqukpn) (tndokëhnpck`n n pnhgcgs ikrntarkas)

Gjgs lg ratn`kðh

pnrn pnhgcgs ikrntarkas

Datargs y `njns lg àhtracpnrn skstgdn ikrntarka

NVG_\W_N6¶

ÎHIWCAP LG NVG_\W_NLG EN@BNLN IK_N\A_KN

NVG_\W_N<7¶

NVG_\W_N;6¶

NVG_\W_N>07¶

Eki.?>9 Lknirndns lg ‒Cn Vkgc Dgtîck`nIkrntarkn‛. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

Eki.?>2 Lknirndns lg ‒@ahtrneugrtgs lg

Invkðh‛. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.



057 055

>>. Gc skstgdn gstru`turnc

gstru`turns dgtîck`ns

Pkstgdn dalucnr rgiucnr lg 7.66 x 7.66 d. aheardnlns par acudhns dg-tîck`ns àdpugstns (gh raja) qug sg gh`nrinh lg nosarogr cas gseugrzas y`nrins vgrtk`ncgs y uh skstgdn lg àogrturn dalucnr (gh irks) gh`nrinln lgnosarogr eugrzns y `nrins gh sghtkla barkzahtnc y aockùa.

Cns gstru`turns gh su tatncklnl trnonjnh ada uh irnh skstgdn gxkocg y lú -`tkc qug sg lgsckzn ckorgdghtg saorg cns gstru`turns npartk`nlns lg ah`rgtanrdnla dglknhtg uh skstgdn lg ralkccas dðvkcgs.

Dalucas aogrturn7.66 x 7.66 d.

Dn`ra - acudhn

Eki.??> Ksadëtrk`n lgc Pkstgdn Gstru`turnc. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.



earjnlas

gstru`turns npartk`nlns lg àh`rgta nrdnla

`kdghtn`kðh

Cns acudhns adpugstns gstîh aheardnlns par uh skstgdn ghtrgtgjklalg onrrns dgtîck`ns à`klns gh `ruz (n dnhgrn lg tarrg lg nctn tghskðh) qugnudghtnh su rkiklgz vgrtk`nc pgsg n su gsogctgz. Gstns gstîh uok`nlns ghpradglka nln ?6 d., ?7d. y 06 d. gh cas nsas dîs gxtrgdas.

Cn njn ghtrnc (`bkdghgn gàcðik`n) n`tún àda uhn dn`ra-àcudhn qugnyuln nc sapartg y trnhsdkskðh lg `nrins lgslg cn àogrturn.

@acudhn adpugstn

Casn acnoarnhtg

Casn nckigrnln

Pkstgdn npartk`nla

Znpntn-Vglgstnc +Ukin lg kdghtn`kðh

Dn`ra vkin lg`kdghtn`kðh (easas)

Znpntn-Vglgstnc Nkscnln

Znpntn-Vglgstnc +@kdkghta arrkla

- Cns casns nckigrnlns lg cnlrkcca bugà + vkiugtns prgtghsnlns lg 6.?7 d.lg gspgsar (gh raja) bnh skla gdpcgnlns gh cas hkvgcgs àh dnyar `nhtklnllg n`tkvklnlgs, qug par ghlg, sapartnh dnyargs nrins útkcgs y dugrtns.

- Cns casns àcnoarnhtgs lg 6.?6 d. lg gspgsar (gh vgrlg) eugrah gd-pcgnlns sacndghtg gh gc ?la hkvgc yn qug gstns sgrîh sapartnlns par cngstru`turn dgtîck`n lg cn àogrturn nlgdîs lg sapartnr dghas `nrins yn`tkvklnlgs.

Pg bn gdpcgnla uh skstgdn npartk`nla ahvgh`kahnc tnhta gh gc îrgn lgeasas lg rgskluas nsä ada gh gc glk`ka nldkhkstrntkva-ùcturnc, pnrn palgrrglu`kr àstas lg àhstru``kðh, nlgdîs lg n`gcgrnr gc pra`gsa àhstru`tkva.

Gc àh`rgta utkckznla gh cas easas lg rg`gp`kðh lg rgskluas gs lg uhn rgsks-tgh`kn lg e‛` 4 ?26 Mi / `d? gh àhtrnstg àh gc gdpcgnla gh cns gstru`turnslgc glk`ka prkh`kpnc qug sgrî lg e‛` 4 ?>6 Mi / `d? .

Gstn lkegrgh`kn rnlk`n gh gc bg`ba qug cns pnrglgs lg cas easas gstnrîh ghàhtn`ta àh rgskluas sðcklas y cäquklas qug puglnh lgsinstnrcns a àrragr-cns, par ca qug bn skla hg`gsnrka utkckznr uh àh`rgta dîs rgskstghtg.

\alns cns acudhns y pcn`ns nkscnlns lgs`nhsnrîh saorg znpntns tkpapglgstnc lg uh tndnþa pradglka lg 0.66 d. n <.66 d. par cnla y ?.76 d. lgpraeuhlklnl. (@npn`klnl partnhtg pradglka lgc sugca ?.76 - <.66 Mi/`d? ).

Gstns n su vgz sg euhlnrîh n uhn praeuhlklnl pradglka lg HH\ ->>.66 d.

\alns cns znpntns uok`nlns onja gc dura lg invkðh y onja gc nulktarka, lnlacn irnh nhtklnl lg nrin n sapartnr, ahtnrîh ah vkins lg `kdghtn`kðhlg >.?7 d. lg nh`ba x >.76 d. lg ncta. Onja cn dn`ra-àcudhn (`bkdghgngàcðik`n) cns znpntns gstnrîh uhklns par `kdkghtas àrrklas lg 6.26 d. lgnh`ba x >.?6 d. lg ncturn.

Ekhncdghtg, Cas easas lg rg`gp`kðh lg rgskluas, lnln su praeuhlklnl ydnskvklnl sgrvkrîh ha saca àda dura lg àhtgh`kðh skha trnonjnrîh ghsu tatncklnl ada uhn irnh vkin lg kdghtn`kðh uya puhta dîs onja sgghùghtrn >7.76d. par lgonja lgc hkvgc hnturnc lg tgrrgha.

059 052

>>.> GP\_W@\W_NP DG\ÎCK@NP

àcudhns dgtîck`ns

àogrturn dalucnr

skstgdn gstru`turnc lg vg`tar n`tkvadglknhtg rgtkùcnla lkniahnc par prksdns rg`tnhiuncrgs

Dn`ra - àcudhn?7.66 x ?7.66 d.\alns cns Pg``kahgs6.06 x 6.06 d.gh n`gra rg`tnhiucnr

@acudhns adpugstns>.?6 x >.?6 d.

Eki.??? Ksadëtrk`ns lg cns gstru`turns dgtîck`ns.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

R

R

5R 7R <R <R <R <R <R

<R<R

@EKDV MPU

55

5 R < 7 R < < R < < R < < R < < R < < R <

x 4 7.66 d.

o r g s j a s



Cns acudhns adpugstns lg >.?6 x >.?6 d. par cnla

gstîh aheardnlns par uh skstgdn ghtrgtgjkla lg onrrnsdgtîck`ns unlrnlns a`klns gh ruz (n dnhgrn lg tarrglg nctn tghskðh) pgrdktkghla sapartnr irnhlgs nrins àhduy pa`n sg``kðh.

Gc skstgdn lg tgjkla gh ruz ndnrrn dglknhtg gcg`tra-saclnlurn n < àcudhns gh ‒B‛ lg 6.06 x 6.06 d. Gstarglu`g gc usa lg dntgrknc y n su vgz nudghtn cn rkiklgzvgrtk`nc dnhtghkghla uhn irnh gsogctgz.

Gh unhta n cn kdghtn`kðh, cns < acudhns ‒B‛ sg gdpa-trnh >.97 d. gh cn znpntn nkscnln lg ah`rgta e ‛` 4 ?26 Mi/ `d? qug lgs`nhsn saorg ra`n sðckln n npraxkdnlndghtg>> dgtras par lgonja lgc HH\ 6.66.

Eardn rgtkùcnr pralu`kln par cn tgsnckzn`kðh lguhn uhklnl onsg sgdk-`úok`n lg 7.66 x 7.66 x 0.76d. @ah gstru`turns khtgràhg`tnlns gh lkniahncgs.

Cas dalucas sah nirupnlas gh sgrkgs lg5x<, 5x0, 7x<, 7x0, <x< y <x0 y pgr-dktgh vnrkn`kahgs y nctgrn kahgs

gh cn prgsgh`kn lg gcgdghtaslkniahncgs, gc grrndkghta,trnhspnrgh`kn y dntgrknclg uork`kðh.

@aogrturn lg tg`ba\uoa gstru`turnc unlrnlalg 2— x 2— x >/<— (6.?6 x 6.?6 d.)

Npaya ja pnrn gstru`turn lg tg`ba.Pg``kahgs lg n`gra rg`tnhiucnr 6.06 x6.06. Gstru`turn jnln ah pgrhas gs-tru`turncgs lg n`gra N-0?7 (rgskstgh`knn cn ugh`kn 5<06 Mie / d ? . )

@acudhn lg n`gra B N05 >?— x 57Cos / pkg (gspgsar lg ncdn 4 6.0; puci) ( N`g-ras Nrgqukpn) Pg``kðh 6.06 x 6.06 d.

Îhiucas gstru`turncgs C N05 gcg`tra-saclnlas (N`gras Nrgqukpn) tgjklas ghlkniahnc. Pg``kahgs gh C lg?— x ?— x >/2—.

_gùorkdkghta ah Vcnh`bn CN@ pgrearnln rglahln L >02I lg n`graincvnhkznla.

Gdpatrndkghta lg @acudhn‒B‛ 4 >.97 d.

Znpntn nkscnln tkpa pglgstnc <.66 x <.66 R ?.66 d.(Ncturn lg pglgstnc >.76 d.)

N 4 îrgn znpntn (`d? )Vu 4 nrin úctkdn (Mi.)\r 4 rgskstgh`kn tgrrgha

(Mi / `d? )

>.?6 d.

> < . 7

6 d .

> . 9

7 d .

>.?6 d.

5R 7R <R <R <R <R <R

0R

<R

<R

0R

<R

<R

>

0

<

77

<

0

>

@EU P MV D K

5 R <

5 R <

5 R 0

7 R <

7 R <

7 R 0

< R <

< R <

< R 0 < R 0 < R 0 < R 0

< R <

< R <

< R <

< R <

< R <

< R <

< R <

< R <

< R 0

d n ` r a ` a c u d

h n - ` b k d g h g n

npayas vgrtk`ncgs (àcudhns dgtîck`ns)

N 4Vu

\r

N

O

Z

N4 ( 5x, 7x, <x)

O4 ( <x, 0x)

Eðrducn pnrnsgr`bns gspn`kncgs

Gh Vrayg`ta:0.<6 d.

Gh Vrayg`ta: ?6 y >7 d.

Gh Vrayg`ta: 06, ?7 y ?6 d.

Z 4Gc dnyar lg N a O

>7 - 06

\alns cns gstru`turns sah àheg``kahnlns àhtuoas ùnlrnlas g 2— x 2— x >/<— (?6 x ?6 `d.)gcg`trasaclnlas.

Irkccn dugstrn lg< x < dðlucas

@ a o g r t u r n s a o

n

p a y a s v g r t k ` n c g s

@ a o g r t u r n ` a h n p a y a s d ð v k c g s

s a o r g s k s t g d n n p a r t k ` n l a

05; 096

>>.? GP\_W@\W_NP LG @AH@_G\A N_DNLA

t k ` u c n l a l g n u l k t a r k a

c a s n s ` a c n o a r n h t g s

Gc vacudgh lgc nulktarka bnskla ah`gokla ada uh skstgdnnpartk`nla rgtkùcnla lg vkinsrg`tns g kh`ckhnlns y pcn`ns lgàh`rgta nrdnla (vgr skstgdnnpartk`nla lg pîikhn apugstn)

Cns irnlgräns aheardnhuh skstgdn lg cazns dn-`kzns lg àh`rgta nrdnla

npayas dðvkcgs pnrn àogrturn

Eki.??0 Ksadëtrk`ns lg cns gstru`turns lg àh`rgta nrdnla.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

Gstru`turn lg aogrturn. \uoagstru`turnc ùnlrnla lg 2— x 2— x >/<—

(6.?6 x 6.?6 d.)

Vksa P\AHBN_L ® ‒Ptahg`cnl‛ I_,àcar @nroðh (@bnrànc) (g 4 0 dd.)



casns nckigrnlns

juhtns lg lkcntn`kðh

r g t

s k s t g d n n p a r t k ` n l a

Gc glk`ka bn skla sg``kahnla gh 7 sg`targs.Cns juhtns lgc glk`ka prkh`kpnc (nh`ba >7 d.) sgghùghtrnh n uh pradglka lg <6 d. uhn lg atrniunrlnhla cn prapar`kðh cädktg lg >:< (nh`ba :cnria)

\alns cns casns nckigrnlns khàr- parnh uh khhavnlar skstgdn lg pnþas àh vkiugtns prgtghsnlnsàca`nlns gh lkrg``kahgs apugs-tns nctgrhnlndghtg.

Gstn oklkrg`kahncklnl pgrdktg uh

àdpartndkghta dîs badaië-hga y sgiura lurnhtg uh sksda,bn`kghla gc glkà dîs sgiura yrgskstghtg.

Cn kdghtn`kðh gstn aheardnln par uhn sgrkg lg znpntns tkpa pglgstnc lg 0.76 x 0.76 x ?.66 d.nrrkastrnlns cahiktulkhncdghtg par uhn vkin lg `kdghtn`kðh lg >.?7 d. lg nh`bax >.76 d. lg ncta.

`kzns lg ah`rgta nrdnlalg e‛` 4 ?26 Mi / `d?qug lgs`nhsnh saorg vkinskh`ckhnlns (gh nzuc), a-

pknhla gc skstgdn utkckznlagh uhn gs`ncgrn àhvgh`ka-

hnc lg @ah`rgta.

J 4 0 + 6.66< (b - 766) Juhtns gh prayg`ta 4 >6 `d.

Gspgsar lg talns cns casnsgh prayg`ta:?7 `d. + 7 `d n`nonlas

Vnþas ghtrg vkinslg 7.76 x 7.76 d.

J 4 Juhtn säskdk`n gh `d.b 4 Ncturn glk`ka gh `d. (ha sðtnhas)

Npayas dðvkcgs pnrn àogrturn

Npayas dðvkcgs pnrn àogrturn

N` 4 Îrgn lg àcudhnV 4 En`tar lg `nrin V

B 4 Ncturn lg vkinC 4 dnxkdn cuz n uorkr>? 4 nh`ba àdpcgta?6 4 nh`ba trkoutnrka

N` 4V (sgrvk`ka)

6.07 ð 6.<7 ey B 4

C

>? ð ?6 b 4 Gspgsar lg casn gh `d.C 4 Cahiktul dîs cnrin lgc pnþa n prglkdghskahnr

b 4C

?7

Encsa Vksa lg @ah`rgtae‛` 4 ?>6 Mi / `d? .(g 4 >?7 dd.)

Dnccn lg \gdpgrnturnPg``kahgs>/2—

Dura lg invkðh

Ukins Vrkh`kpncgs (ogkig)gdogoklns gh casn

n4 6.<6 d. b4 6.26 d.(pgrnctg par lgonja casn 6.77)

Ukins Vrkh`kpncgs (ogkig)Gdogokla gh dura lg invkðhn4 6.<6 d. b4 6.26 d.

Vcn`n 6.<6 x 6.96

Vcn`n 6.<6 x >.66

Vcn`n 6.<6 x >.66

gdogokln ghdura lg invkðh

Ukins Pgùhlnrkns (Ocnhà)gdogoklns gh casn

n4 6.?7 d. b4 6.26 d.(pgrnctg par lgonja casn 6.77)

Ukins Pgùhlnrkns (Ocnhà)gh oarlg lg casn

n4 6.?7 d. b4 6.?7 d.

Ukins @accnr (Irks asùra)n4 6.06 d. b4 >.66 d.

Paorgsncg 6.>7 `d. par gh`kdn lgc HV\

Znpntn nkscnln tkpa Vglgstnc?.<6 x 0.66 R ?.66 d.

(Ncturn lg pglgstnc >.76 d.)

Vcn`n @acnoarnhtg V_G@A_ ®LG@M 0— Irnla <6 (g4 97 dd.)

Ukins lg Npaya nuxkcknrKVH >26 (<— x 2— x 7/>5—)

gspn`kndkghta `nln >.?6 d.

Cns casns acnoarnhtgs lg 6.?6 d. lg gspgsar (tatnc pcn`n + ah`rgta) eugrah gdpcgnlns sacndghtg gh gc?la hkvgc yn qug gstns sgrîh sapartnlns par cn gstru`turn dgtîck`n lg cn aogrturn nlgdîs lg sapartnr dg-has nrins y n`tkvklnlgs.

C

09>

>?. Vrkh`kpkas ëtkàs g kdpn`ta sa`knc lgc prayg`taPg kdpcnhtnrî

uh VCNH LG KHUG_PKÐHPA@KNC qug pgrdktkrî lkspahgr lg

rgùrsas glu`ntkvas aerg`kghla, lg dn-hgrn irntuktn n cn àduhklnl, uhn kheardn`kðh

khtgirnc saorg cn igstkðh lg cas rgskluas.

Vnrtg lg cns inhnh`kns ighgrnlns par cn n`tkvklnl kh-lustrknc sah lgstkhnlns n dgjarnr gc n``gsa n cn khear -dn`kðh lg cas `kulnlnhas khtgrgsnlas, cairnhla uhnlkeuskðh àhjuhtn y àdpcgdghtnrkn lg cns n`tkvklnlgsqug sg rgnckznh gh talns cns pcnhtns lg trntndkghta.

Ekhncdghtg, gc pcnh patgh`knckzn cn rgspahsnokcklnlð

h s

a `

k

n c

& n

p g r t u

r n ` a d u h

k t n r k n l

g cns n t k v k l n l g s k h

l u s t r k n c g

s

Gc prayg`tapcnhtgn uh hugva sks-

tgdn pnrn gc rgàja, dnhgja,trntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc

lg _W qug euskahn tg`hacaiäns dg-`îhk`ns y dnhuncgs. Gstg, gs du`badîs g`kghtg qug gc gdpcgnla gh cn

n`tuncklnl, rgluhlnhla gh uh ncta hkvgclg sgiurklnl snhktnrkn y gh gc rgspgtay ùklnla lgc dglka ndokghtg, ca qug

n eutura skihk`n uhn rglu``kðhskihk`ntkvn lg ghegrdglnlgs

t g ` h k e

` n ` k ð h

y dalgr h k z n k ð h

l g c n

i g s t k ð h l g

_

Pg gdpcgnrîh ghprkdgrn khstnh`kn n talas cas

trnonjnlargs kheardncgs qug cnoarnh ghcas oatnlgras kcgincgs lg cn kulnl lg Nrg-

qukpn. Dglknhtg su khàrparn`kðh n cn eardncklnlcairndas rglu`kr n`tkvklnlgs kcgincgs y n cn vgz sg

rglu`gh àstas gh nlkgstrnr uh pgrsahnc qug yn cnoarny dnhgjn `rktgrkas oîskà lg `cnsk`n`kðh lg rgskluas.

P n l k g

s t r n

d k g h t a

a h

s t n h t g & npg r t u r n l g h u g v

n s e a

r d n s l g

Eki.??< Gsqugdn lg prkh`kpkas ëtkàs g kdpn`ta sa`knc lgcprayg`ta. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.



gc igstar

gc ighgrnlar

sa`knc àrparntkvn lg cns gdprgsns pnrtk`kpnh-tgs gh cn igstkðh lg _W, àda rgspugstn n

uhn lgdnhln sa`knc y nc àdpradksaàh gc dglka ndokghtg y cn

àduhklnl. k h

v g

r s

k ð

Pg pcnhtgn uhhugva skstgdn lg igs-

tkðh onsnla gh cn khlgpghlgh -`kn y cn khstktu`kahnckzn`kðh lg cn

igstkðh lg _W n trnvës cn `ghtrnckzn-`kðh nldkhkstrntkvn lg n`tkvklnlgs. Dg-lknhtg uh skstgdn lg àh`gskðh prkvnlny/a khlgpghlgh`kn duhk`kpnc sg palrîrglu`kr cn oura`rn`kn, àrrup`kðh y cn

supgrpask`kðh lg enùctnlgs, nlg-dîs lg prapk`knr cn trnhspnrgh`kn

gh gc dnhgja lg _W y uhndgjar s`nckzn`kðh.

d g j a r d

n h g j a

c a i

ä s t k a & n l dkh k s t r

n t k v a

Gc lksgþa lg cnskhstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta

gstîh ghea`nlns gh orkhlnr hugvasgspn`kas púockàs pnrn cn `kulnl uhn vgzsg bnynh àh`cukla cns n`tkvklnlgs khlus-

trkncgs. Gc gjg `ghtrnc ca àheardnh cas `krùktaslg lgpartgs lg nvghturn y cns vksktns iuknlns lg

gsàcnrgs, uhkvgrsktnrkas y praegskahncgs gh ighgrncghea`nlas gh bn`gr pnrtk`kpnr n`tkvndghtg n cn paocn-

`kðh gh cn igstkðh lg _W y nsä eadghtnr cn kh`cuskðhy sghskokckzn`kðh sa`knc. Irn`kns n talns gstns dglk -lns sg eartncg`grî cn g`kgh`kn lgc skstgdn yn qugsg rglu`gh cas àstas khvacu`rnlas gh gc pra`gsa

lg `cnsk`n`kðh y sg cairn cn pnrtk`kpn`kðh lgtaln cn sa`kglnl gh n`tkvklnlgs qug bnstn

bn`g paà grnh àhsklgrnlns àdaàhtndkhnhtgs, gx`cuyghtgs g

khernbudnhns.

` a d u h

k l n l

g s

d î s

k h v a

c u r nlns g h c n i g s t k ð h

l g r g

s k l

u a

s

Cn ghtklnl gh-

`nrinln lgc rgàja y pra`gsn-

dkghta lg cn onsurn, sg àdpradgtg

n orkhlnr prairndns lg npaya sa`knc y

glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc n talas sus trnonjnlargs

y púockà gh ighgrnc. Cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta bnskla pravkstn lg gspn`kas gspg`knckznlas pnrn gstas

hgs, tncgs àda okockatg`n, nucns lg eardn`kðh,

dusga, nulktarka, ckorgrän, îrgns lg gspnr`kdkghta y

dkrnlargs. Cas prairndns glu`ntkvas, ùrsas y tn-

ccgrgs lg rg`k`cnjg ha saca nudghtnh cn àh`kgh`kn

gh tarha lg cn ighgrn`kðh lg _W, skha tndokëh

gh àda palgr bn`gr lgc rg`k`cnjg uhn

hugvn eughtg lg trnonja ckdpka,

lkiha y àduhktnrka.

g l

u n ` k ð h y n l k g s t r n d k g h t a àh s t n

h t g

Cns sncns lggxbkok`kðh qug gvghtunc-

dghtg puglgh àhvgrtkrsg gh uhpgqugþa dusga lg cn onsurn sg ghea-

`nh gh orkhlnr gspn`kas pnrn qug nrtkstns,trnonjnlargs y púockà gh ighgrnc gxpahinhtrnonjas rgcn`kahnlas nc tgdn lg – rg`k`cnjg

lg rgskluas—. Gstn khk`kntkvn tkghg uh ncta vncarsa`knc, ùcturnc y ndokghtnc y gs gc rgsuctnla lg

irnhlgs gseugrzas lg `npn`ktn`kðh y pnrtk`kpn`kðhsa`knc. Nlk`kahncdghtg, gstg prairndn nyulnrîgh cn àhsgrvn`kðh lg prî`tk`ns lg nrtgsnhäntrnlk`kahnc, npck`îhlacns n dntgrkns prkdns

yn usnlns= nsä àda, lnr n àha`gr ncpúockà vksktnhtg cns lkegrghtgs eardns

lg rg-npravg`bnr cas rgskluas qugighgrndas gh hugstras

bainrgs.

g c n r t g

y g c r g k c n l a v nh l g c

n d

n h a

skihk`ntkvn lg ghegrdglnlgslgrkvnlns lg cn khàrrg`tndnhkpucn`kðh y lkspask-

`kðh lg _W.

_ W

Gc Pkstgdnlg @AAVG_N\KUKPDA

prapugsta, ghicaonrî n dkcgslg trnonjnlargs kheardncgs nirgdkn-las onja uh saca ghtg rgiucnlar ah

`npn`klnlgs skhlk`ncgs. Gc rg`k`cnlar yàdgr`knckznlar kheardnc, gc n`bkhgray gc trnonjnlar duhk`kpnc ahtnrîh ahuh trnonja eardnc y okgh rgduhgrnla

lahlg bny dghas khtgrdglknrkasy dnyar arinhkzn`kðh gh cn

igstkðh lgc rgùrsabudnha.

e a r d n

c k z n ` k ð h l g c t r n o n j n l ar n t r n

v ë s l g

c ` a a p g r n

t k v k

s d a

Cas trnonjnlargs àhtnrîh àhoghg`kas tncgs ada: sgiura

dëlkà, sgiura ahtrn n``klghtgs,pghskðh lg juokcn`kðh, gsàcnrklnly vn`n`kahgs= nlgdîs lg sgrvk`kas

àdpcgdghtnrkas ada: iunrlgrän pnrnhkþas y ogogs, îrgns lg gspnr`kdkghtay lgpartg, adglargs, ca`nc skhlk`nc y

ghegrdgrän. Nsä dksda talas ah-tnrîh ah npaya y nskstgh`kn

sa`knc & pskàcðik`n.

o g h g e

` k a s

s a k n

c g s & np a y a n c

t r n o n j n

l a r

Nsä dksda, Pg orkhlnrî uh àhstnhtg nlkgstrndkghta y`npn`ktn`kðh n cas aorgras n trnvës lg cns nucns lg eardn`kðh

y okockatg`n. Atra nspg`ta pasktkva lg cn prapugstn tkghg qug vgr àhcn sacklnrklnl y gc lgsnrracca sa`kagàhðdkà lg irupas

sa`kncgs lgsenvarg`klas. Lg tnc eardn qug cas aorgrastghlrîh cn apartuhklnl lg pnrtk`kpnr gh –\NCCG_GP LG_G@K@CNJG [ DNHWNCKLNLGP— qug cgs pgrdktkrîighgrnr uh khirgsa gàhðdkà nlk`kahnc n trnvës

lg cn àdgr`knckzn kðh lg nrtgsnhäns, dnhun-cklnlgs y/a sauvgrhkrs qug sgrîh pugstas

n cn vghtn gh tkghlns lghtra lg cndksdn Vcnhtn Khlustrknc.

g t r

n o n j a

Pg bn prapugstaàhsklgrnocgs `ndokas gh cns

àhlk`kahgs lg trnonja lghtra lg cnsVcnhtns qug khvacu`rnh uh trnta lkiha y:

+ Gstrk`tns dglklns lg sgiurklnl (usa lg dns`nrk-ccns, argjgrns, iunhtgs, trnjg pratg`tar y oatns)

+ _äiklns àhlk`kahgs lg ckdpkgzn (cas aorgras lgogrîhnsgnrsg nc ghtrnr y snckr lg cn Vcnhtn).

+ Hkhiúh turha supgrnrî cns 2 barns lg trnonja.+ Nkrg pura y ergsà gh talns cns khstncn`kahgs dglknhtg vghtkcn-`kðh hnturnc y nskstkln pnrn rglu`kr ghegrdglnlgs rgspkrntarkns.+ Cas aorgras sgiukrîh gstrk`tns hardns y pcnhgs lg sgiurklnl

qug cas prgvghinh lg n``klghtgs y/a `nälns eartuktns.+ Cas rgskluas gstnrîh gh àhtn`ta àh gc trnonjnlar gc

dghar tkgdpa paskocg pnrn ca ùnc sg usn cn nskstgh`kn lgkhstrudghtnc dg`îhkà lg npaya.

+ Cns khstncn`kahgs sgrîh dahktargnlns pargc cnoarntarka pnrn nsgiurnr cns dgjargs

àhlk`kahgs lg sncuorklnl, bkikghgy ùklnla ndokghtnc.

d g j a r g s àhl k k a h g s

l g t r n o

n j a

& t r n t a

l k

i h

a

gc trnonjnlar

090 09<

>0.> Vrgsupugsta lgc Vrayg`ta

n. Vrgsupugsta lgc tgrrgha

Eðrducn:UBW 4 (N\x Ud? ) + (UG x Ud0)

N\ 4 Îrgn lgc tgrrgha 4 >>; 5;7 d?

(Îrgn `krùhs`rktn n cn K\_)

Ud? 4 Uncar par d? 4 P/. 0.97

UG 4 Uacudgh gx`nvnla 4 ?70 <06 d0

U 0 U c 0 P/ >6 66

>0. _ghlkdkghta gàhðdkà y ehnh`kndkghta



• Cn dgtalacaiän npck`nln pnrn prgsupugsta lgc tgrrgha.-

Gc prgsghtg prgsupugsta gs rgicndghtnrka y gstî gh ahàrlnh`kn ah gc _gicndgh-

ta Ighgrnc lg \nsn`kahgs lgc Vgrú, _.D. Hº <5;-;;-D\@/>7.6< (\kpa lg ndoka

nc 7 Juhka ?6>>: P/. ?.26 4 WP$ >.66 )

Eðrducn:U\\ 4 N x UW

N 4 Îrgn lgc tgrrgha 4 >>; 5;7 d?

(Îrgn `krùhs`rktn n cas glk`kas)

U@ 4 Uncar àdgr`knc ($ 6.>927/ d?) 4 P/. 6.76 (\grrgha grknza)

U\\ 4 Uncar tatnc lgc tgrrgha 4 P/. 7; 2<9.76

o. Vrgsupugsta lg cn bnokcktn kðh uronhn

• Pustghtn`kðh lg prg`kas.-

Ud0 4 Uncar par d0 4 P/. >6.66

U\\ 4 Uncar tatnc lgc tgrrgha 4 P/. ? ;20 >75.?7

. Vrgsupugsta lg glke`n kahgs - Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg _gskluas Wronhas

VN_\KLN @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP LG CN AO_N UNCA_GP d?

Gstulkas Vnrn bnokcktn`kahgs pcnhk`nlns 6.67

Ckdpkgzn lg tgrrgha _gda`kðh lg npn vgigtnc >.60

\rnzas \rnza lghkla sntgcktncdghtg >.?7

@ncznln @npn nseîctk`n ah uh nh`ba lg vän lg: >6.66 d n >2.66

d

6.76

@nhnckzn kðh lg niun rginläa @ah nhncgs skh rgvgstklas 6.?6

_gl lg niun patnocg @ahgxkahgs lgslg glk ka nldkhks trnt kva 6.>7

_gl lg nc nhtnrkccnla @ahgxkahgs bn kn Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta kh-sktu 6.>7

_gl lg ghgriän g cë t rk n @ah nocgs suotgr rîhgas 6.>9

@ahgxkahgs par Zahns Niun 6.67

Nc`nhtnrkccnla 6.6<

Ghgriän gcë`trk`n ah nocgs suotgrrîhgas 6.60

Ugrgln nh ba dnyar n ?,<6 d. @ah rgta skdpcg 6.>0

\A\NCGP 0.97

VN_\KLN @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP LG CN AO_N UNCA_GP d0

Davkdkghtas lg tkgrrns

& gx`nvn`kahgs>6.66

\A\NCGP >6.66

@AL. VCNH\N KHA_IÎHK@AP Î_GN \G@BNLN

(+06% duras y kr`. - d? ) Î_GN CKO_G (d? )

UW 6> N``gsas ?><.76 0 766.66

UW 6? A`khns, Lkeuskðh, Gxbkok`kðh, N`tas,

Khvgstkin`kðh y atras? 02>.56

-

UW 60 Pgrvk`kas vksktnhtgs y negtgrän ?56.66 996.66

UW 6< Pgrvk`kas pnrn gdpcgnlas > 69;.66 -

UW 67 Iunrlgrän 7>0.76 ?96.66

UW 65 Îrgns vgrlgs 0;6.66 0 276.66

UW 69 Lgs`nrin lg _W - ? 266.66

UW 62 _g`gp`kðh lg _W > <75.66 -

UW 6;Îrgns khlustrkncgs y

pra`gsndkghta lg _W>> ;90.66 0 >66.66

UW >6 Îrgn lg vgbäùcas pgsnlas > 6><.66 0 ?66.66

UW >> Îrgn sgrvk`kas khlustrkncgs y \ë`hkàs > ?<>.76 -

UW >? Npnr`ndkghtas vnrkas - ? 6>6.66

PWO-\A\NCGP ?6 7?0.>6 >; 766.66

VCNH\N A_IÎHK@AP Î_GN \G@BNLN

(+06% duras y kr`. - d? ) Î_GN CKO_G (d? )

UW >0 \úhgcgs lg @adpastnjg yPncn lg nha 2 597.66 -

UW ><Ncdn`ghnjg lg rg`bnzas y

àdpast pnrn vghtn- 5 6<6.66

UW >7 Pgrvk`kas Khlustrkncgs y \ë`hkàs ? >66.66 -

PWO-\A\NCGP >> 066.66 5 6<6.66

\A\NC Î_GN KH\G_UGHKLN 79 050.>

@lr.75 Pustghtn`kðh lg prg`kas lgcprgsupugsta lg bnokcktn`kðhWronhn lgc prayg`ta.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>>.

@lr.79 @unlra lg Îrgns \g`bnlns, Ck-orgs y @ahstruklns lgc prayg`ta.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>>.

097 095

• Pustghtn`kðh lg prg`kas àh vncargs uhktnrkas lg glk`n`kðh.-

(Uncargs puock`nlas gh Lknrka Hn`kahnc –Gc Vgrunha—_.D. Hº >97-?6>6-UKUKGH-

LN-Dkhkstgrka lg vkvkghln ahstru``kah y snhgndkghta)

UW 6> N@@GPAP (Îrgns \g bnlns)

UW 6< PG_UK@KAP GDVCGNLAP

VN_\KLN @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP UNCA_ V_G@KA P/.

Duras y @acudhns Gstru`turns lg àh`rgta nrdnla, nconþkcgrän àhhnln y duras invkðh O ?<5.60

\g`bas Casns nckigrnlns àh cu`gs dnyargs n 5 dgtras y casns àcnoarnhtgs N ?>5.5?

Vksas Ptahbnrl, cndkhnlas, nlaqukhnlas y `gdghta puckla L 52.9>

V ug rt ns y v gh tn hn s N cu dk hk a p gs nl a ah p gr cg s g spg k nc gs y vk lr ka s t gdp cn la s N >50.??

@lr.72 @astas uhktnrkas pahlgrnlas lgcn glk`n`kðh.Gcnoarn`kðh prapkn ?6>>. (àhtkhún sitg. pîikhn)

(vkghg lg pîikhn nhtgrkar)(àhtkhún sitg. pîikhns)



UW 6> N@@GPAP (Îrgns \g bnlns)



\g`bas Casns nckigrnlns àh cu`gs dnyargs n 5 dgtras N ?>5.5?


V ug rt ns y vg ht nh ns N cud kh ka pg sn la a h p gr c gs gs pg k nc gs y v kl rk as tg dp cn la s N >50.??

_gvgstkdkghtas \nrrnjga eratn`bnla, pkhturn cnvnocg y pkglrn E 7?.7;

K hs t. G c ë t rk `ns y snhk tnr kns P . Bkl ra hgu dît k a lg ni un e rä n, n ck gh tg , i rk sgs, a rr kghtg t rk eîs k n, t g cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. > 669.<9

UW 6? AEK@KHNP, GRBKOK@KÐH G KHUGP\KIN@KÐH





V ug rt ns y v gh tn hn s N cu dk hk a p gs nl a ah pg r cg s g spg k nc gs y v kl rk as t gd pc nl as N >50.??

_gvgstkdkghtas \nrrnjga eratn`bnla, pkhturn cnvnocg y pkglrn O >57.2;

Onþas Onþas adpcgtas kdpartnlas ah par`gcnhnta O 7?.5?

K hs t. G cë t rk `ns y snh ktnr kns P . Bkl ra hgudît k a lg niu n er än , nc kgh tg , ir ksgs, ar rk ghtg tr ke îs k n , tg cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. > >90.0;

UW 60 PG_UK@KAP UKPK\NH\GP [ @NEG\G_KN (Îrgns \g`bnlns)





V ug rt ns y v gh tn hn s N cu dk hk a p gs nl a ah pg r cg s g spg k nc gs y v kl rk as t gd pc nl as N >50.??

_ gv gs tk dk gh ta s \n rr nj ga er at n bn la , p kht ur n c nv no cg y p kg lr n. E nc sa s kg ca s rn sa s @ >02.72


K hs t. G cë t rk `ns y snh ktnr kns P . Bkl ra hgudît k a lg niu n er än , nc kgh tg , ir ksgs, ar rk ghtg tr ke îs k n , tg cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. > ><5.62

y p p p y p 50

_ gv gs tk dk gh ta s \n rr nj ga er at n bn la , p kh tu rn c nv no cg y p kg lr n. E nc sa s kg cas rn sa s @ >02.72

Onþas Onþas adpcgtas hn`kahncgs ah par`gcnhnta @ 0<.52

K hs t. G cë`tr k ns y snh ktnr kns P . Bklr ah gu dît k a lg niu n er än , n ck ghtg, i rk sgs , a rr kghtg tr ke îs k n , tg cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. > >?2.><

UW 67 IWN_LG_ÄN (Îrgns \g`bnlns)


Duras y @acudhns Gstru`turns lg àh`rgta nrdnla y nconþkcgrän àhhnln N <>5.75

\g`bas Ha Npck`n - -

Vksas Ptahbnrl, cndkhnlas, y pksas gspg`kncgs pnrn hkþas @ 20.26

V ug rt ns y v gh tn hn s N cu dk hk a p gs nl a ah p gr cg s g spg k nc gs y vk lr ka s t gdp cn la s N >50.??

_ gv gs tk dk gh ta s \n rr nj ga er at n bn la , p kh tu rn c nv no cg y p kg lr n. E nc sa s kg cas rn sa s @ >02.72



\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. > >>7.62

UW 62 _G@GV@KÐH LG _GPKLWAP


Duras y @acudhns Gstru`turns lg àh`rgta nrdnla, nconþkcgrän àhhnln y duras invkðh N <>5.75

\g`bas Ha Npck`n - -

Vugrtns y vghtnhns Vugrtns dgtîck`ns gspg`kncgs N >50.??

_gvgstkdkghtas \nrrnjga eratn`bnla y ah`rgta vksta oruþnla @ >02.72


\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. ;92.55

UW 65 Î_GNP UG_LGP (Îrgns \g bnlns y Ckorgs)


Duras y @acudhns Duras lg pkglrn y invkðh lg skccnr I <2.75

Vksas Nlaqukhnlas, `gdghta puckla y jnrläh B >2.2?

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. 59.02

UW 6> N@@GPAP (Îrgns Ckorgs)


Vksas Vksa nlaqukhnla, àh`rgta vksta y pkglrn I 0<.25

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. 0<.25

UW 60 PG_UK@KAP UKPK\NH\GP [ @NEG\G_ÄN (ÎÎrgns Ckorgs)


Vksas Ptahbnrl, cndkhnlas y gdghta puckla G 75.20


UW 67 IWN_LG_ÄN (Îrgns Ckorgs)

VN_\KLN @N_N@\G_ÄP\K@NP UNCA_ V_G@KA P/.Vksas Nlaqukhnlas, `gdghta puckla y jnrläh B >2.2?

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. >2.2?

UW 69 LGP@N_IN LG _W (Îrgn Ckorg)


Vksas Nlaqukhnlas, `gdghta puckla y jnrläh B >2.2?


099 092

UW 6; Î_GNP KHLWP\_KNCGP [ V_A@GPNDKGH\A LG _W (Îrgns \g`bnlns)


Duras y @acudhns Gstru`turns lg àh`rgta nrdnla, y gst. dgtîck`ns gspg`kncgs O ?<5.60

\g`bas Gstru`turns dgtîck`ns gspn`kncgs y casns àcnoarnhtgs N ?>5.5?

Vksas Ptahbnrl y `gdghta puckla n`nonla àh Dnstgr`rah I 0<.20

V ug rt ns y v gh tn hn s V ug rt ns dg tî ck n s y lg nc ud kh ka , p nh gc gr än lg pc nh` bn pg rea rn ln @ >69.?9

_gvgstkdkghtas Ha sg npck`nh

K hs t. G cë`tr k ns y snh ktnr kns P . Bklr ah gu dît k a lg niu n er än , n c kghtg, i rk sgs , a rr kghtg tr ke îs k n , tg cëea ha N ?56.06


UW >7 PG_UK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGP [ \Ë@HK@AP




(vkghg lg pîikhn nhtgrkar)(àhtkhún sitg. pîikhns) (vkghg lg pîikhn nhtgrkar)

UW >< NCDN@GHNJG LG _G@BNZAP [ @ADVAP\ VN_N UGH\N


Vksas \kgrrn @adpn`tnln K <.><

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. <.><



• Uncarn`kðh y @asta tatnc lg cn glk`n`kðh.-

UW >> PG_UK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGP [ \Ë@HK@AP




Vksas Ptahbnrl y `gdghta puckla n`nonla àh Dnstgr`rah L 52.9>

Vugrtns y vghtnhns Vugrtns y `gcasäns dgtîck`ns L 5?.;?



\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. 27<.72

UW >0 PG_UK@KAP KHLWP\_KNCGP [ \Ë@HK@AP





Vugrtns y vghtnhns Vugrtns y `gcasäns dgtîck`ns L 5?.;?


K hs t. G cë`tr k ns y snh ktnrkns P . Bklr ah gu dît k a lg niu n er än , n c kghtg , i rk sgs, ar rk gh tg t rk eîs k n, t g cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. 2?6.96


Vugrtns y vghtnhns Vugrtns y `gcasäns dgtîck`ns G <2.65

K hs t. G cë`tr k ns y snh ktnr kns P . Bklr ah gu dît k a lg niu n er än , n c kghtg, i rk sgs , a rr kghtg tr ke îs k n , tg cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. 267.2<

UW >6 Î_GN UGBÄ@WCAP VGPNLAP (Îrgns \g`bnlns)




Vksas @gdghta puckla n`nonla àh Dnstgr`rah y nlaqukhnla G 75.20

K hs t. G cë`tr k ns y snh ktnrkns P . Bklr ah gu dît k a lg niu n er än , n c kghtg , i rk sgs, ar rk gh tg t rk eîs k n, t g cëea ha N ?56.06

\A\NC: @AP\A WHK\N_KA VAHLG_NLA P/. 99;.92

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09; 026

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UNCA_ \A\NCLGC V_A[G@\A (P/ ) P/ 09 795 762 02

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvnlns par gc nrrghlndkghta lg cns îrgn lg vgrtkla n duhk`kpnckln-

lgs y/a atrns gdprgsns y tgr`gras pnrn uok`nr sus _g`bnzas.

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvns lgc usa lg talns cns khstncn`kahgs rg`rgntkvns, gxpasktkvns,

lgpartkvns y kghtä`ns prayg`tnlns gh gc sktka.

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvnlns lg cn vghtn lg gspg`kgs lg enuhn y arn `rknlns gh cas vkvg-

ras okatg`hacðikàs prayg`tnlas gh gc sktka.

• Inhnh`kns ighgrnlns n tgr`gras:



UNCA_ \A\NC LGC V_A[G@\A (P/.) P/. 09 795 762.02 (WP$) WP$. >0 <?6 >2>.79

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HWGUAP PACGP.

>0.? _ghtnokcklnl y ehnh kndkghta gàhðdk a

Vrkdgrndghtg, sg bnh lg nhnckznr cns prkh`kpncgs eughtgs lg khirgsas lgrkvnlns

lkrg`tndghtg lg cn gjgù`kðh y euh`kahndkghta lgc prayg`ta y nqugccns ighgrnlns

n tgr`gras= pnrn cugia prapahgr < dëtalas lg hnh`kndkghta qug okgh puglgh sgr

gjgùtnlas lg dnhgrn khlgpghlkghtg a lg dnhgrn ahjuhtn n trnvës lg skstgdns lg

àapgrn`kðh ahjuhtn ah lkegrghtgs par`ghtnjgs lg pnrtk`kpn`kðh y inhnh`kn.

Lgogdas rgsnctnr cn nctn g`kgh`kn gàhðdk`n lgc prayg`ta lnla su irnh kdpn`ta

tnhta n hkvgc ca`nc ada rgikahnc, yn qug uorg uhn irnh lgdnhln lg trntndkghta lg

_W (uh dntgrknc duy onrnta lg nlqukrkr) g khvacu`rn uh ndpcka gspg`tra lg pnrtk-

`kpnhtgs lgslg gdprgsns prkvnlns y arinhksdas púockàs bnstn dk`ra-gdprgsns y

pgrsahns hnturncgs y jurälk`ns. \alas y `nln uha lg gccas aotkghgh uh gspn`ka lghtra

lg gstg prayg`ta, cairnhla nsä khyg`tnr uh irnh uja lg inhnh`kns n cns n`tuncgs

gdprgsns y atras prayg`tas ca`ncgs qug palrîh eî`kcdghtg nàpcnrsg n gstg dgin-

prayg`ta.

• Khirgsas lgrkvnlas lkrg`tndghtg lgc prayg`ta:

- Ughtn y àdgr`knckzn`kðh lg Ern``kahgs lg _gskluas Khariîhkàs lgoklndghtg

àdpn`tnlns y sgpnrnlns par tkpa.

- Ughtn y àdgr`knckzn`kðh lg @adpast lg nctn g kgh`kn pravghkghtg lg _gskluas

Ariîhkàs pra`gsnlas.

- Ughtn y àdgr`knckzn`kðh lg pralu`tas nrtgsnhncgs enork`nlas par cas gdpcgnlas

n pnrtkr lg dntgrkncgs rg`k`cnlas y rgutkckznlas.

- @aora par gc usa lg cns sncns lg gxbkok`kðh, nucns packvncghtgs, nulktarka y atrns

khstncn`kahgs pnrn n`tas pnrtkùcnrgs a rgegrklas nc trntndkghta lg _W. Gc aora

rgnckznla n pnrtkùcnrgs nyulnrî n suovgh`kahnr cas instas khvacu`rnlas gh cns

vksktns iuknlns y vksktns kghtä`ns.

- @aora par gc usa lgc cnoarntarka lg nhîcksks qug palrî orkhlnr sgrvk`kas n `ckghtgs

gx`cuskvas qug gstëh rgcn`kahnlas n cn Igstkðh lg _W.

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvnlns par cn vghtn lg ckoras, sauvgrhkrs y nckdghtas lg cn `negtgrän.

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvnlns lg cn `npn`ktn`kðh y prairndns lg ghsgþnhzn aerg`klas

n uhkvgrsklnlgs, khstktutas, gdprgsns prkvnlns, arinhksdas iuogrhndghtncgs a

púockà ighgrnc.

• Inhnh`kns ighgrnlns n tgr`gras:

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvnlns lg cn àdprn y vghtn lg `bntnrrn y/a vacudkhasas lkrg`tn-

dghtg n rg`k`cnlarns, nsa`kn`kahgs lg rgàcg`targs y/a atrns gdprgsns.

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvnlns par cn àdprn lg _gskluas uronhas ariîhkàs g khariîhkàs

n duhk`kpkas, gdprgsns y a pgrsahns hnturncgs y jurälk`ns lg dnhgrn lkrg`tn.- Inhnh`kns lgrkvns lg cn rgàcg``kðh, rgàja, trnhspartg, trnhsegrgh`kn, trntndkghta

y lkspask`kðh hnc lg _W.

- Inhnh`kns lgrkvns lg sgrvk`kas pnrtkùcnrgs rgqugrklas par gc prayg`ta lurnhtg

sus ahstru``kðh, euh`kahndkghta, kgrrg y lgsdnhtgcndkghta hnc.

• Dëtalas lg hnh`kndkghta gàhðdkà:

n. Pkstgdn lg khvgrskðh par prayg tas DLC(DG@NHKPDA LG LGPN__ACCA CKDVKA)

Irn`kns n qug gc Vgrú eardn pnrtg lgc WHE@@ (Vnhgc Khtgriuogrhndghtnc lg cns Hn-

`kahgs Whklns pnrn gc @ndoka @ckdîtkà) y sgr sus`rkptargs lgc prataàca lg Mkata

(VM) gs qug palgdas sgr oghg`knrkas lgc Pkstgdn lg Khvgrskðh n trnvës lg Vrayg`-

tas lg Dg`nhksda lg Lgsnrracca Ckdpka (DLC), gc unc pgrdktg qug cas pnäsgs ahdgtns lg rglu``kðh lg gdkskahgs lg IGK (insgs khvgrhnlgras), puglnh nlqukrkrcns lg

prayg`tas gjgùtnlas gh pnäsgs gh väns lglgsnrracca, tncgs àda gc hugstra.

Gc DLC gstî lgstkhnla n ùdpckr ah las aojgtkvas prkh`kpncgs:

- Nyulnr n cas pnäsgs lgsnrraccnlas n ùdpckr sus dgtns lg rglu``kðh lg gdkskahgs

lg IGK (Insgs Khvgrhnlgra).

- Npaynr n cas pnäsgs gh väns lg lgsnrracca gh cn trnhsegrgh`kn tg`hacðik`n y ea-

dghtnr gc lgsnrracca sastghkocg.

Lgokla n cn prapkn hnturncgzn lgc prayg`ta, – Gc \rntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc lg

_W—, gstg nck`n ada prayg`ta prkarktnrka nc gstnr lghtra lg cas skiukghtgs sg`targs

patgh`kncgs lg khvgrskðh:

_GPKLWAP PÐCKLAP, GEK@KGH@KN GHG_IË\K@N [ OKADNPN.

– Cns rglu``kahgs lg gdkskahgs lg IGK pravghkghtgs lg hugstra prayg`ta bnh lg sgr trnlu`klns n tahgcnlns lg @A ? gqukvncghtg, y pastgrkardghtg n grtk`nlas lg gdkskahgs rglu`klns (@G_s), cas uncgs ncsgr vghlklas gh gc dgr`nla lg `nroaha n pnäsgs khlustrknckznlas, n hlg ahtrkoukr n qug gstas úctkdas udpcnh ah pnrtg lg sus adpra- dksas lg rglu``kðh y dktkin`kðh lg cns g dkskahgs lg IGK, ahtrkouyghlkrg`tndghtg gh gc hnh`kndkghta lg cn ahstru``kðh y euh`kahndkghtalg talns cns khstncn`kahgs prapugstns.—

02> 02?

. Ekhnh kndkghta ah rgùrsas prapkas lgc IAOKG_HA _GIKAHNCGP [ IAOKG_HAP CA@NCGP

Gh tgr`gr cuinr, tghgdas gc dîs adúh dglka lg hnh`kndkghta, y gs n trnvës lg cn

utkckzn`kðh lg rgùrsas prapkas lgc Iaokgrha _gikahnc lg Nrgqukpn gh ahvghka ah

Duhk`kpkas Ca`ncgs qug puglgh nhnckznr gstas dglkas n trnvës lgc yn aha`kla:

PKP\GDN HN@KAHNC LG KHUG_PKÐH VÚOCK@N (PHKV).

Gs hg`gsnrka dgh`kahnr qug gc prgsghtg prayg`ta nck`n y udpcg ah talns nrn`-

tgrästk`ns y rgiucn`kahgs gspg`ä`ns hg`gsnrkns pnrn sgr gcgikocgs gh gc dnrà lgc

DLC, tnc y ada lgs`rkokdas n ahtkhun`kðh:

- Gc pnäs lahlg sg rgnck g gc prayg`ta lgogh tghgr uhn Nutarklnl Hn`kahnc Lgski-

hnln pnrn gc DLC.

- Gc pnäs lahlg sg rgnck g gc prayg`ta lgog bnogr rntk`nla gc Vrataàca lg Myata.

- Gc prayg`ta lgog lgdastrnr tghgr oghg`kas rgncgs dglkocgs y n cnria pcnza gh



Gc PHKV gs uh skstgdn nldkhkstrntkva lgc Gstnla qug n trnvës lg uh ahjuhta lg

prkh`kpkas, dëtalas, pra`glkdkghtas y hardns të`hk`ns `grtk`n cn `ncklnl lg cas

Vrayg`tas lg Khvgrskðh Vúock`n (VKV). @ah gcca sg ous`n g`kgh`kn gh cn utkckzn`kðh

lg rgùrsas, sastghkokcklnl gh cn dgjarn lg cn ncklnl y pravkskðh lg cas sgrvk`kas púockàs y uh dnyar kdpn`ta sa`ka-gàhðdkà, gs lg`kr, uh dnyar okghgstnr pnrn cn

paocn`kðh.

Gstns sah nrn`tgrästk`ns prgsghtgs gh hugstra prayg`ta, ca unc sudnla n uh ncta

kdpn`ta sa`knc, gàhðdkà y ndokghtnc, justk`nh lg saorgdnhgrn cn hg`gsklnl lg

khvgrtkr pnrtg lgc prgsupugsta púockà gh gstg tkpa lg aorn, qug yn sah lg urigh`kn

pnrn cn `kulnl.

Gc @k`ca lg Vrayg`ta ahtgdpcn cns Ensgs lg Vrgkhvgrskðh, Khvgrskðh y

Vastkhvgrskðh. Lurnhtg cn Ensg lg Vrgkhvgrskðh, sg klghtk`n uh praocgdn lgtgrdk-

hnla y cugia sg nhnckznh y gvncúnh -gh eardn ktgrntkvn- nctgrhntkvns lg sacu`kðh qug

pgrdktnh pnrn ghàhtrnr cn lg dnyar rghtnokcklnl sa`knc. Gh cn Ensg lg Khvgrskðh sg

pahg gh dnr`bn cn gjgù`kðh prayg`ta àheardg n cas pnrîdgtras npraonlas gh cn

lg`cnrntarkn lg vknokcklnl pnrn cn nctgrhntkvn sgcg``kahnln lg dkghtrns qug, gh cn Ensg

lg Vast Khvgrskðh, gc prayg`ta ghtrn n apgrn`kðh y dnhtghkdkghta y sg geg`tún cngvncun`kðh gx past.

ûgln n`cnrnr, qug pnrn cairnr uh g`kghtg dnhgja lg rgùrsas y inhnh`kns, gh nsa

sgn dnhgjnla par arinhksdas púockàs, lgogrî eardnrsg uhn ghtklnl igstarn y rg-

iucnlarn lgc dnhgja lg _W nutðhadn n cas iaokgrhas rgikahncgs y/a ca`ncgs, lg gsn

dnhgrn nsgiurndas cn trnhspnrgh`kn gàhðdk`n, pacätk`n y jurälk`n lgc prayg`ta y

prapk`kndas uh dnhgja dîs nlgùnla lg khirgsas y girgsas n gstns ghtklnlgs.

l. Ekhnh kndkghta n trnvës lg @ah`gskðh prkvnln y pnia lg rgincäns

Ekhncdghtg, pgra ha dghas kdpartnhtg, tghgdas hugstra úctkda dglka lg hnh`kn-

dkghta. Cn ah`gskðh prkvnln lgc prayg`ta nsgiurnrän uh nctn g`kgh`kn gh gc usa

lg rgùrsas, nlgdîs lg uh ncta y g`kghtg lgsgdpgþa lurnhtg gc euh`kahndkghta lg

gstg.

Nuhqug du`bas tgdgh n cn khvgrskðh prkvnln, gstn nsgiurn uh dnhgja gstnocg, ahtk-

hua y g`kghtg lgc prayg`ta, y dglknhtg gc pnia lg rgincäns, inhnh`kns, g kdpugstas,

talns y nln uhn lg cas arinhksdas púockàs pnrtk`kpnhtgs nsgiurnh gc pnia khkhtg-

rrudpkla lg inhnh`kns cäquklns qug puglgh sgr utkckznlns gh atrns aorns y prayg`tas

pnrn cn `kulnl.

Gc prayg`ta lgog lgdastrnr tghgr oghg`kas rgncgs, dglkocgs y n cnria pcnza gh

rgcn`kðh ah cn dktkin`kðh lg cas insgs lg geg`ta khvgrhnlgra.

- Cn rglu``kðh lg cns gdkskahgs lgog sgr nlk`kahncgs n cns qug sg pralu`kränh gh

nusgh`kn lg cn n`tkvklnl lgc prayg`ta grtk`nln.

- Cas prayg`tas lgogh ahtrkoukr nc lgsnrracca sastghkocg lgc pnäs.

Lg gstn dnhgrn, gstg skstgdn sg ahvkgrtg gh hugstrn prkh`kpnc eughtg lg hnh`kn-

dkghta yn qug gs igstkahnla par gc Dkhkstgrka lgc Dglka Ndokghtg y gspg`ä`n-

dghtg par gc EAHND (Eahla Hn`kahnc lgc Ndokghtg - Vgrú) qug bnh lg trnonjnr

lkrg`tndghtg ah cas Iaokgrhas Ca`ncgs y gc Iaokgrha _gikahnc, prkh`kpncgs gjgùta-

rgs, igstargs y oghg`knrkas lgc prayg`ta, cairnhla nsä qug:

- Gc uja lg khirgsas pravghkghtgs lg cn vghtn lg cas @G_s pgrdktg dgjarnr cn

rghtnokcklnl lgc prayg`ta y sus gstnlas hnh`kgras.

- Dgjarn cn kdnigh khtgrhn`kahnc lg cn gdprgsn a lgc prayg`ta, pugs gs uh n`ta

vacuhtnrka.

- Pg cairn gc n``gsa n eahlas vgrlgs a lg rgspahsnokcklnl sa`knc, qug gstîh ous`nh-

la apartuhklnlgs lg khvgrskðh gh Cntkhandërk`n.

- Eartncg`g cn àdpgtktkvklnl lg cn gdprgsn, pugs sg lgogh kdpcgdghtnr pra`gsas

lg supgrvkskðh lg cas pra`gsas pnrn ghtrginr cas @G_s aerg`klas.

o. Ekhnh kndkghta ah @NHAH Dkhgra

Atra geg`tkva dglka lg hnh`kndkghta pnrn gc prayg`ta gs n trnvës lg cn utkckzn`kðh

lg uh par`ghtnjg lgc @nhah Dkhgra nhnckznla n trnvës lgc iaokgrha rgikahnc y/a

iaokgrhas ca`ncgs pnrtk`kpnhtgs gh cn prapugstn.

\nc y ada ca enùctn cn Cgy, cns trnhsegrgh`kns par ah`gpta lg nhah dkhgra palrîh

utkckznrsg gx`cuskvndghtg pnrn gc hnh`kndkghta a a-hnh`kndkghta lg prayg`tas lg

khvgrskðh u aorns lg kherngstru`turn lg kdpn`ta rgikahnc y ca`nc.

Gc prgsghtg prayg`ta uorg sntksen`tarkndghtg gstg rgqugrkdkghta, y lgokla nc irnh

kdpn`ta qug gjgr`grî n hkvgc dgtrapacktnha, tndokëh justk`n cn utkckzn`kðh lg uh

par`ghtnjg àhstnhtg lg @nhah Dkhgra pnrn:

- Gc dnhtghkdkghta lg cn kherngstru`turn lnla su kdpn`ta rgikahnc y ca`nc.

- Cn gcnoarn`kðh lg cas pgrcgs lg prayg`tas lg khvgrskðh púock`n ghdnr`nlas gh

cas hugvas Vcnhgs lg Igstkðh lg _W pnrn Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn.

- Gc lgsnrracca y dnhtghkdkghta lg n`tkvklnlgs rgcn kahnlns n cn khvgstkin`kðh

`kghtä`n y tg`hacðik`n qug patgh`kgh gc lgsnrracca rgikahnc.

020 02<

><. Kdîighgs lgc prayg`taEki.??7 Kdîighgs lg @ahjuhta. Gcnoarn`kðh Vra pkn ?6>>.

Eki.??5 Vcnhtns lg @ahjuhta.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

PGIWHLA PÐ\NHA -2.66



VCA\VCNH IGHG_NC

EN@BNLNP PW_-GP\G. VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎHK@AP

EN@BNLNP PW_-AGP\G. VCNH\N LG @ADVAP\NJG

V_KDG_ PÐ\NHA -0.76

V_KDG_N VCNH\N (VCNHKDG\_ÄN) +>.66

PGIWHLN VCNH\N +9.?6

GCGUN@KÐH HA_\G



Eki.??9 Kdîighgs & Vcnhas lg @ahjuhta. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

GCGUN@KÐH PW_

PG@@KÐH CAHIK\WLKHNC

KHI_GPA V_KH@KVNC LG UKP\NH\GP [ GDVCGNLAP

VN\KA LG DNHKAO_NP [ VCNH\N LG \_NHPEG_GH@KN LG _G@BNZAP - VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎHK@AP

GCGUN@KÐH GP\GGCGUN@KÐH AGP\GPG@@KÐH \_NHPUG_PNC

Eki.??2 Kdîighgs lgc Bncc lg Khirgsa lg vksktnhtgs.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

Eki.??; Kdîighgs lg cas túhgcgs lg `adpastnjg.

Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

PG@@KÐH \_NHPUG_PNC - \ÚHGCGP LG @ADVAP\NJG



Eki.?06 Kdîighgs & lgtnccgs lgpnskccas khtgrkargs.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

VCNH\N V_KDG_ HKUGC (+>.66)

Î_GN LG KHI_GPA V_KH@KVNC,BNCC LG AEK@KHNP [ VNPN_GCN NC\N

LG\NCCGP LG PG@@KÐH, EN@BNLN [ @AOG_\W_N

PG@@KÐH N \_NUËP LGBNCC LG AEK@KHNP



GCGUN@KÐH KH\G_KA_ HA_\G

LG\NCCGP LG GP@NCG_N

EN@BNLN KH\G_KA_ LGC GLKEK@KA UK\_KHN

LG\NCCGP LG VNPN_GCNP

HÚ@CGA LG GP@NCG_NP JWH\A N NWLK\A_KA PG@@KÐH N \_NUËP LGC HÚ@CGA LG GP@NCG_NP VNPN_GCN LG KHK@KA LGC @K_@WK\A GLW@N@KAHNC

Eki.?0> Kdîighgs khtgrkargs. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

0;?

Ð



Eki.?00 Kdîighgs Khtgrkargs y sg``kahgs lg cn sncn lg sgcg``kðh dnhunc y rndpns lg n``gsa n dkrnlar.Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

Eki.?0? Kdîighgs Khtgrkargs, sg``kahgs y lgtnccgs lgc nulktarka. Gcnoarn`kðh Vrapkn ?6>>.

PG@@KÐH CAHIK\WLKHNCVG_PVG@\KUN LGC NWLK\A_KA \GHKGHLA @ADA EAHLA GC Î_GN KHLWP\_KNC

PG@@KÐH \_NHPUG_PNC

LG\NCCGP @KGCA _NPA NVG_PKHNLA

0;0 0;<

>7.> _gsudgh ighgrnc

Cn Ighgrn`kðh lg _gskluas gs uha lg cas irnhlgs y dîs nprgdknhtgs praocgdns

ndokghtncgs qug gherghtnh Nrgqukpn gh cn n`tuncklnl= qug sudnla nc dgin-àhsuda

y cn khnlgùnln lkspask`kðh hnc àhvkgrtgh `kgrtns îrgns lg cn `kulnl gh cntghtgs

ndghnzns pnrn cas paocnlargs qug bnoktnh a `krùhlnh cas irnhlgs oatnlgras n `kgca

nokgrta, gstnocg`këhlasg n`tkvklnlgs lg rg`k`cnjg kheardnc, rän lg nhkdncgs g kh`cusa

n`tkvklnlgs rgsklgh`kncgs ntghtnhla n cn sncul púock`n y n cn kdnigh pnksnjästk`n lg

>7.? Gc prayg`ta uronha (dnstgrpcnh)

Gc prayg`ta uronha ahskstg gh lgtgrdkhnr cn uok`n`kðh lg cns khstncn`kahgs lg trntn-

dkghta y lgpðskta lg __WW, nlgdîs lg prairndnr cns ensgs lg lgsnrracca lurnhtg su

tkgdpa lg vkln, lghkghla cas dëtalas lg aogrturn, khstncn`kahgs lg rgùpgrn`kðh

lg insgs y ckxkvknlas, nsä ada cns euturns n`tkvklnlgs qug bnorîh lg lgsnrraccnrsg gh

gstns irnhlgs gxtghskahgs lg tgrrgha

>7. Dgdarkn lgs`rkptkvn



n`tkvklnlgs rgsklgh`kncgs, ntghtnhla n cn sncul púock`n y n cn kdnigh pnksnjästk`n lg

sus ghtarhas.

Gstn sktun`kðh aockin hg`gsnrkndghtg n tadnr dglklns khdglkntns qug paskokcktghuh Dnhgja Khtgirnc lg cas __WW, qug lghtra lg uhn vkskðh skstëdk`n khvacu`rn n cn

sa`kglnl gh talns y `nln uhn lg cns gtnpns lg igstkðh tncgs àda: ighgrn`kðh, ncdn-

`ghndkghta, rgàcg``kðh, trnhsegrgh`kn y trnhspartg, pra`gsndkghta a trntndkghta y

lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas __WW.

Gc prayg`ta prgsghtnla gh gc prgsghtg laùdghta pcnhtgn cn ahstru``kðh lg kherngs-

tru`turns lg nrî`tgr Khlustrknc-Pnhktnrka lahlg ha saca sg rgnckznrîh cns n`tkvklnlgs

lg rgàcg``kðh, trntndkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc lg cas _gskluas Wronhas, skha tndokëh

n`tkvklnlgs sa`ka-ùcturncgs y gàhðdk`ns ada gc ghtrghndkghta lg trnonjnlargs y

púockà gh ighgrnc saorg dnhgja lg rgskluas, glu`n`kðh ndokghtnc, pnsgas turästkà-

kheardntkvas, rgn`kðh lg hugvas pugstas lg trnonja y npaya aduhktnrka ghtrg atras.

Gc prayg`ta adprghlg uhn sgrkg lg gtnpns y hkvgcgs lg khtgrvgh`kðh qug vnränh lgslg

ca uronha n ca nrquktg`tðhkà, tnc y àda lgtnccndas n àhtkhun`kðh:

V_A[G@\AP N HKUGC W_ONHA (Dnstgrpcnh):

n. \rnhseardn`kðh lgc nhtkiua oatnlgra lg Cn Vns`nhn gh uh gspn`ka púockà ah

gs`ghnrkas lg `nrî`tgr glu`ntkva-rg`rgn`kahnc.

o. Lksgþa pnksnjästkà lgc Hugva _gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ûgornln Bahln.

`. _gpcnhtga y ahstru``kðh lg cn hugvn nutapkstn y väns lg khirgsa n cns khstncn`kahgs

lgslg cn Uän Nrgqukpn - [urn.

l. Lksgþa lg cns Vcnhtns g Glk`kas pnrn gc trntndkghta, lkspask`kðh hnc y euh`kahn-

dkghta lgc _gccgha Pnhktnrka, skghla gstns:

- @nsgtns lg àhtrac, n``gsa, sgiurklnl y pgsnjg.

- Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta lg _W (K\_). Vcnhtn lg Khariîhkàs.

- Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta lg _W (K\_). Vcnhtn lg Ariîhkàs.

- Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg Calas, ckxkvknlas y niuns rgskluncgs y pcuvkncgs.

- Vcnhtn lg Lgsinsk`n`kðh y àhvgrskðh lg ins.

- Vcnhtn y suo-gstn`kðh Gcë`trk`n.

V_A[G@\AP N HKUGC N_^WK\G@\ÐHK@A:

n. Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta lg _gskluas Khariîhkàs.

o. Khstncn`kahgs lg trntndkghta lg rgskluas Ariîhkàs.

`. Glk`ka Nldkhkstrntkva y ghtra lg Uksktnhtgs qug ahtkghg: îrgns lg npn`ktn`kðh y

lkeuskðh (nucns), sgrvk`kas aduhktnrkas, a`khns nldkhkstrntkvns, îrgns lg gxbkok`kðh,

rg`rgn`kðh y vghtn lg pralu`tas rg`k`cnlas.

gstns irnhlgs gxtghskahgs lg tgrrgha.

Gstns n`tkvklnlgs khvacu`rnh cn rgn`kðh lg `ndpas egrkncgs, zahns lg rg`rgn`kðh

pnskvn nc nkrg ckorg, dusgas, gxbkok kahgs lg dnqukhnrkn a tg`hacaiän usnln gh cns prapkns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs, lgpartgs lg nvghturn, y/a atrns n`tkvklnlgs qug

vnh nàdpnþnlns lg uhn prapugstn gspg`ä`ns lg arn y enuhn, gstrntëik`ndghtg

ca`nckznlns sgiúh cns ahlk`kahgs prgsghtgs gh gc îrgn.

Ekhncdghtg gs hg`gsnrka nirginr, qug gstg pcnh, duy ergùghtgdghtg ccgvnlas n noa

par pnksnjkstns (Cnhls`npg nr`bktg`ts), bn lg dnxkdkznr cn khtgràhgxkðh àh cn `ku-

lnl, cn gxkokcklnl lg usa, cn rgùpgrn`kðh lgc pnksnjg nhlkha ca`nc y cn ahstru``kðh

lg uh pnksnjg gàcðik`ndghtg sastghkocg y rgpnrnlar.

>7.?.> Wok`n kðh

Gc prayg`ta sg uok`n gh gc lgpnrtndghta lg Nrgqukpn, Vravkh`kn lg Nrgqukpn,

Lkstrkta lg [urn, n cn ncturn lgc mkcðdgtra ?6, dnrigh lgrg`bn lg cn nrrgtgrn Nrgquk-

pn ‐ [urn. Gc îrgn sg uok n gh uhn pcnhk`kg oarlgnln par cn hn`kghtg lg cn qugornln–Oughn Ukstn— y uh trnda lg cn –ûgornln Bahln—, ralgnln par gcgvn`kahgs pgrtg-

hg`kghtgs nc grra –@artnlgrns—.

Gc tgrrgha bn skla lgskihnla par cn Duhk`kpncklnl Vravkh`knc pnrn usas lg Pnhgn-

dkghta dglknhtg Nùgrla Duhk`kpnc Hº ?5-?666, khs`rktn gh `bn Hº <607;5 lgc

rgikstra lg cn Vrapkglnl Khdugocg lg cn A`khn _gikstrnc _gikahnc lg Nrgqukpn.

Cn zahk`n`kðh arrgspahlg n: _GCCGHA PNHK\N_KA ‐ PG@\A_ HA_\G (WG-

@) (@arta Vcnza) y ZAHN LG \_N\NDKGH\A GPVG@KNC (Z\G-C) (Cnria Vcnza)

ghdnr`nla lghtra lgc Vcnh Lkrg`tar lg Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn npraonla dglknhtg

Arlghnhzn Duhk`kpnc Hº >56 lgc nþa ?66?.

>7.?.? Îrgn, pgrädgtra y àckhlnh kns

Gc tgrrgha n khtgrvghkr ahstn lg uh îrgn tatnc lg 0<;.66 bn., uh pgrädgtra lg

26767.66 dc. y sg ghùghtrn lgckdktnln lg cn skiukghtg dnhgrn:

Nc Hartg : Khk`ka lg ûgornln Oughnvkstn

Nc Pur : Uän Nrgqukpn - [urn

Nc Gstg : ûgornln Oughnvkstn & @grra @artnlgrns

Nc Agstg : ûgornln Bahln

0;7 0;5

Nsä dksda gc tgrrgha qugln gvklghtgdghtg lkvklkla par cn cähgn eërrgn qug bn lgtgr-

dkhnla prkh`kpncdghtg ? îrgns lg khtgrvgh`kðh: Zahn > y Zahn ?.

Bn`kn gc Hartg (Zahn ?) sg uok`nh cns hugvns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs lg trntn-

dkghta y lkspask`kðh hnc lg __WW (irnhlgs glk`n`kahgs).

Dkghtrns qug bn`kn gc sur (Zahn >), ghtrg cn cähgn eërrgn y cn vän Nrgqukpn- [urn, sg

ghùghtrn gc Oatnlgra ‒Cn Vns`nhn‛, lahlg sg bn lksgþnla uh pcnh lg rgùpgrn`kðh y

rgàhvgrskðh ah cn prgsgh`kn lg glk`n`kahgs lg dghar tndnþa.

>7.?.7 @ah`gptunckzn kðh

Nrgqukpn hg`gsktn lgsgspgrnlndghtg lg khstncn`kahgs snhktnrkns lg irnh ghvgrinlurn

lahlg sg puglnh trntnr y lkspahgr cas _gskluas uronhas pralu`klas gh gc îrgn dg-

trapacktnhn skh qug gstas ntghtgh n cn sgiurklnl sa`knc, gàhðdk`n y ndokghtnc lg sus

bnoktnhtgs. Gs dîs, gstns khstncn`kahgs lgogh, n lkegrgh`kn lg atras puhtuncgs gjgd-

pcas, par ca dghas palgr sgrvkr lurnhtg cas skiukghtgs ?6 n ?7 nþas skh hkhiúh tkpa

lg khvgrskðh nlk`kahnc n cn khk`kncdghtg prairndnln par cns nutarklnlgs rgspg`tkvn



>7.?.0 @nhtklnl lg _gskluas trntnlas y lgpasktnlas

Cn ckstn lg lkstrktas pnrtk`kpnhtgs lgc prayg`ta bn skla gcnoarnln tadnhla gh ugh-

tn nspg`tas àda: cas vacúdghgs lg pralu``kðh lg _W n cn eg bn (?6>6), dnyargs

ählk`gs lg pralu``kðh pgr îpktn lg _W, dnyar vacudgh lg paocn`kðh y gr`nhän n cn

pcnhtn lg trnhsegrgh kn y nc sktka lg khtgrvgh`kðh, bnokghla hncdghtg `cnsk`nla cas

lkstrktas lg:

- @G_@NLA - J.C. OWP\NDNH\G [ _KUG_A - VNW@N_VN\N

- @G__A @ACA_NLA - DK_NECA_GP - @N[DN

- NC\A PGCUN NCGI_G - DN_KNHA DGCIN_ - BWH\G_

- PA@NON[N - PN@BN@N - [NHNBWN_N

- [W_N

>7.?.< @nrn`tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns

Nsä dksda, sg bn lgtgrdkhnla dglknhtg uhn sgrkg lg îcùcas qug gc sktka tghlrî uhn

UKLN Ú\KC LG ?7 NÞAP ahtnlas lgslg gc nþa ?6>6 nc ?607, bnokëhlasg lgtgrdk-

hnla cas skiukghtgs vncargs y `nrn`tgrästk`ns tëhk`ns:

- WPWN_KAP PG_UKLAP NC ?607: > 022 905 Bno.

- UKLN Ú\KC LGC PK\KA: ?7 nþas.

- @NH\KLNL _GPKLWAP N \_N\N_: ?666 - <666 \ah./län

- Î_GN \A\NC LKPVAHKOCG VN_N UG_\KLA ;<6 576 d? (;<.> Bn.)

- NC\W_N V_ADGLKA LGC _Pn 06 d.

- @NVN@KLNL UACWDË\_K@N LGC PK\KA ? 2?> ;766 d0 lg _W.

- \KVA LG _GPKLWAP N LKPVAHG_ \KVA KK - _gskluas Pkhiucnrgs

\KVA KKK - _gskluas HA pgckirasas

- \KVA LG @ADVN@\N@KÐH _gccgha Pnhktnrka Dg`nhkznla- DË\ALA LG UG_\KLA Dkxta (îrgn y trkh`bgrn)

- \NCWLGP LG _GCCGHA ? (o) : > (b) gh nhlghgrän

- NC\W_N V_ADGLKA LG \G__NVCGH <.66 d.

- KDVG_DGNOKCKZN@KÐH LG ONPG Onrrgrn sgh`kccn dkxtn \KVA 6>

- PGCCNLA EKHNC OA\NLG_A CN VNP@NHN @ah Igadnccn y ctra igatgxtkc \KVA 6<

- PGCCNLA EKHNC _Pn WGO_NLN BAHLN @ah Igadgdornhn y ctra igatgxtkc \KVA 6>

lg khvgrskðh nlk`kahnc n cn khk`kncdghtg prairndnln par cns nutarklnlgs rgspg`tkvn.

Gs nsä qug cn ah`gptunckzn`kðh lgc prayg`ta lg lksgþa uronha lg cn zahn sg onsn

gh cairnr trnhseardnr y rgùpgrnr cn klgn lgc täpkà, su`ka y àhtndkhnhtg rgccghasnhktnrka y oatnlgra gh uh pnrqug tg`hacðikà glkla n cn kulnl lahlg:

• Pg utkck`g cn nhlghgrän ada të`hk`n dalgcnlarn lgc gspn`ka uronha y ada rgeg-

rghtg nc ahtgxta ca`nc.

• Pg rg`rggh y rgvncargh cas pnksnjgs ca`ncgs lgc nctkpcnha, cn sgrrnhän y cn ndpkþn

dglknhtg cn utkckzn`kðh lg gspg`kgs lg arn y enuhn ca`nc y lg uh lksgþa pnksnjästkà

nàrlg ah cns nrn`tgrästk`ns eäsk`ns y sa`ka-ùcturncgs lg cn zahn.

• Pg pradugvn cas lgpartgs lg nvghturn, cn khvgstkin`kðh y glu`n`kðh dglka-nd-

okghtnc gh tarha nc tgdn lg cn ighgrn`kðh, trntndkghta y lkspask kðh hnc lg __WW.

• Pg pradugvn uhn pacätk`n lg _G@K@CNJG dglknhtg cn utkckzn`kðh lg dntgrkncgs

y rgskluas ighgrnlas gh cn kulnl y gh cns gx`nvn`kahgs lg cns dksdns îrgns lg

vgrtkla.

• [ lahlg cns euturns zahns lg vgrtkla lg rgskluas sgnh sgccnlns y rgùpgrnlns ada

gspn`kas pnrn cn glu`n`kðh, gxpgrkdghtn`kðh, ucturnc y rg`rgn`kðh n`tkvn-pnskvn.

>7.?.5 Zahke`n kðh y îrgns khtgrvghklns

Gc prayg`ta uronha sg lkvklg gh ? sg`targs a zahns: Cn ZAHN > (bn`kn gc Pur) uok-

`nln saorg gc nhtkiua Oatnlgra Cn Vns`nhn, gc unc sgrî cnusurnla y rgùpgrnla y

cn ZAHN ? (Bn`kn gc Hartg) lahlg sg uok`nh cns hugvns khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs lg

trntndkghta y îrgns lg vgrtkla.

\A\NC Î_GN ZAHN > & ? 7? 556.6 d? (7.?9 Bn.) (tg`bnl.)0 ><0 >;6.6 d? (0><.0 Bn.) (ckorgs)

ZAHN > ;<>6.6 d? (tg`bnl.) 22> 9<6.6 d? (ckorgs) ZAHN ? <0 ?76.6 d? (tg`bnl.) ? ?5> <76.6 d? (ckorgs)

>5.?.9 Gtnpnokcklnl (ensgs lg gjgù kðh)

Pg bnh lgtgrdkhnla < gtnpns lg gjgù`kðh tnc y àda sg lgtnccnh n àhtkhun`kðh:

0;9 0;2

Cn zahn prgsghtn nrn`tgrästk`ns lg gxtrgdn nrklgz ah prgsgh`kn lg arn nroustk-

vn y n`tî`gns qug rgqukgrgh pa`n nhtklnl lg niun pnrn su lgsnrracca. N hkvgc lg

suo-sugca, cns nrn`tgrästk`ns iga-të`hk`ns lg cas dn`kzas raàsas prgsghtgs n pa`n

praeuhlklnl sah duy prapk kns pnrn uhn euhln`kðh sgiurn y gstnocg lg cns euturns

khstncn`kahgs khlustrkncgs.

>7.0.? Pg targs y Îrgns

ENPG > - _GDGLKN@KÐH (6> - 62 Nþas)

Khtgrvgh`kðh tatnc gh cn ZAHN > dglknhtg cn cnusurn lgc Oatnlgra cn Vns`nhn, rgn-

`kðh lg îrgns pnrn lgpartgs gxtrgdas, gxbkok`kðh nc nkrg ckorg y vkvgra oka-tg`hacðik-

às, pcnhtnla lg dn`kzas eargstncgs nc agstg nlgdîs lg cn ahstru``kðh lg nutapkstn

lg khirgsa, väns lg n``gsa g khstncn`kahgs lg pgsnjg y pgnjg. Gh cn ZAHN ? sg gjgùtn

cn ahstru``kðh lg cns Vcnhtns lg trntndkghta lg ariîhkàs g khariîhkàs y cn npgrturn

lg cns ? prkdgrns îrgns lg vgrtkla.



Lghtra lgc nhtgprayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà sg bnh àhsklgrnla ? irnhlgs sg`targs.

Gc prkdgra aheardnla par cn Vcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg Khariîhkàs y gc glk`ka

Nldkhkstrntkva-@ucturnc y gc sgiuhla àheardnla par cn Vcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg

Ariîhkàs (@adpastnjg).

Gc îrgn tatnc y îrgn Ckorg lg ndoas sg`targs sg lgtnccn n àhtkhun kðh:

PG@\A_ > - VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎHK@AP .-

- Îrgn \g`bnln : ?6 7?0.>6 d?

- Îrgn ckorg : >; 766.66 d?

- Îrgn Khtgrvghkln : <6 6?0.>6 d?

PG@\A_ ? - VCNH\N LG A_IÎ[email protected]

- Îrgn \g`bnln : >> 066.66 d?

- Îrgn ckorg : 5 6<6.66 d?

- Îrgn Khtgrvghkln : >9 0<6.66 d?

PG@\A_ > + PG@\A_ ? (\A\NCGP).-- \atnc îrgn \g`bnln : 0> 2?0.>6 d?

- \atnc îrgn ckorg : ?7 7<6.66 d?

- \atnc îrgn Khtgrvghkln : 79 050.>6 d?

>7.0.0 @nrn tgrästk`ns të`hk`ns

Cns Vcnhtns lg trntndkghta ughtnh ah uh khhavnlar skstgdn lg trntndkghta qug

euskahnrî n`tkvklnlgs lg sgcg``kðh dnhunc ah gc npaya lg dnqukhnrän gspg`knckznln,

lg tnc eardn qug sg rglu`gh ahsklgrnocgdghtg gc asta lg dnhtghkdkghta lg npnrn-

tas y ncn vgz sg gdpcgn dnha lg aorn nck`nln ah hgs lg npaya sa`knc y ighgrn-

`kðh lg gdpcga. Pg lgtnccnh n ahtkhun`kðh cas vncargs y nhtklnlgs lg pralu``kðh

lg cn Vcnhtn lg Khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs:

PG@\A_ > - VCNH\N LG KHA_IÎ[email protected]

(lntas dîxkdas àhsklgrnlas nc nþa ?6<6)

- \kgdpa lg vkln útkc : 06 - <6 nþas

- \kgdpa dîxkda lg ncdn`ghndkghta gh easas : 0-7 läns

- Ha. Cähgns lg trnonja : 0 cähgns

- @npn`klnl lg pra`gsndkghta par cähgn lg trnonja : 77 \ah./barn

- @npn`klnl lg pra`gsndkghta tatnc lg pcnhtn : >57 \ah/barn

: ?<66 \ah./län

ENPG ? - PGDO_NLA (62 - >7 Nþas)@adkghzn cn khtgrvgh`kðh gh cas nu`gs ncglnþas n cns qugornlns dglknhtg gc nnh-

zndkghta ah duras lg invkðh y ahstru``kðh lg pks`khns ncuvkahncgs. Pg rgnckznh

trnonjas lg sgccnla y rgùpgrn`kðh lg insgs y ckxkvknlas gh cns îrgns lg vgrtklanpgrturnlns gh cn ENPG > y sg adkghzn cn ahstru``kðh lg hugvns îrgns lg vgrtkla

bn`kn gc hartg.

Pg gdpkgzn gc sgdornla l gspg`kgs lg arn ca`nc (tnpk`gs, `n`tî`gns y dn`kzas ea-

rgstncgs) gh talas cns nhtkiuns îrgns lg vgrtkla y gh cns gr`nhäns lg cn Hugvn Vcnhtn

lg Lgsinsk`n`kðh y trntndkghta lg ckxkvknlas y niuns supgr`kncgs. Ekhncdghtg sg

pra`glg n npgrturnr hugvas `krùktas vgbkùcnrgs, pglgstrgs, `k`caväns y lg lgpartg lg

nvghturn saorg tgrrghas rgùpgrnlas.

ENPG 0 - _G@AHUG_PKÐH (>7 - ?? Nþas)Gtnpn gh cn unc sg pra`glg n cn cnusurn lg cn dnyar pnrtg lg cns îrgns lg vgrtkla y

gdpkgzn su rgàhvgrskðh gh îrgns hnturncgs y rg`rgntkvns. Pg pra`glg n npgrturnr cas

vkvgras oka-tg`hacðikàs rgstnhtgs qug sgrvkrîh pnrn igstkahnr y `rknr cns gspg`kgs

qug sgrîh sgdornlns lurnhtg gstn y cn skiukghtg ensg. Pg ahstruygh krùktas pglgs-

trgs y dkrnlargs bn`kn cns qugornlns.

ENPG < - NLNV\N@KÐH EKHNC (?? - 06 Nþas)Úctkdn ensg gh cn qug cnusurn cn tatncklnl lg cns îrgns lg vgrtkla y sg pra`glg nc

sgdornla hnc lg arn ca`nc. Pg gstnocg`gh cas prkdgras rknlgras y vkvgras gxpgrk-

dghtncgs lg nuquëhklas y sg pra`glg n cn ahsackln`kðh hnc lg dn`kzas eargstncgs

y oasqug lg n`tî`gns qug pratgigrîh cn zahn lg en`targs ndokghtncgs g khtrusas

gxtgrhas. Ekhncdghtg, talns cns väns vgbkùcnrgs, pglgstrgs, k`caväns y atrns sgrvkrîh

úhk`ndghtg n cas vksktnhtgs, prabkokëhlasg gh khirgsa lg vgbäùcas khlustrkncgs y lg

irnh tahgcnjg. Nlk`kahncdghtg, talns cns khstncn`kahgs gxkstghtgs sgiukrîh euh`ka-

hnhla bnstn udpckr su tkgdpa lg vkln y bnstn bnogr rgtkrnla tala gc ins y ckxkvknla

pralu`kla gh nc zahn.

>7.0 Gc nhtgprayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà (K\_) (pcnhtn lg khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs)

>7.0.> Wok`n kðh

Gc nhtgprayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà sg uok`n lghtra lg cn ZAHN ? lgc Dnstgrpcnh, gh cn

zahn dgrklkahnc lg cn pcnhk`kg. Cn pcnhtns lg trntndkghta aheardnh uh pnrncgcgpä-

pgla qug arkghtn su cnla dnyar pgrpghlkùcnr nc Hartg, npravg`bnhla cn pghlkghtg

hnturnc qug lg`rg`g dnyardghtg lg hargstg n suragstg.

0;; <66

Gh cn prapugstn, cn aogrturn bn skla ahsklgrnln ada uh gcgdghta nrquktg`tðhkà

khtgckightg y lkvgrsk`nlar lgc gspn`ka y cns vksuncgs, qug npravg`bn su ndpckn su-

pgr`kg lg ùork`kðh pnrn `nptnr g`kghtgdghtg rgùrsas eäskàs y ghgriëtkàs lg su

ghtarha pnrn dgjarnr cns ahlk`kahgs gh su khtgrkar (cuz, ncar, niun, vghtkcn`kðh)

`. CN GHUACUGH\G NLNV\NOCG

Hardncdghtg utkckznln àda cn pkgc qug näscn àhvghkghtgdghtg n cn pcnhtn àh

rgspg`ta n su àduhklnl y su ghtarha, aùctnhla gh su khtgrkar cns n`tkvklnlgs khlus-

- @npn`klnl lg sgcg``kðh dnhunc : ?.7 \ah/barn

- @npn`klnl lg trntndkghta lg vacudkhasas : >566 d0 /län

- @npn`klnl lg ncdn`ghndkghta lg pralu`tas cnsk`nlas : ?666 d0 /län

- @nhtklnl tatnc lg rgskluas cnsk`nlas par nþa :976 666 \ah. /nþa

PG@\A_ ? - VCNH\N LG A_IÎ[email protected]

(lntas dîxkdas ahsklgrnlas nc nþa ?6<6)

- \kgdpa lg vkln útkc : 06 - <6 nþas



rgspg`ta n su aduhklnl y su ghtarha, aùctnhla gh su khtgrkar cns n`tkvklnlgs khlus

trkncgs usuncdghtg ahtndkhnhtgs. Pg lgsckhln lg cn aduhklnl y lg su ahtgxta, lg

dnhgrn paà pnrtk`kpntkvn.

Nhtg gstn sktun`kðh, gc prayg`ta pcnhtgn uhn skh`grn npgrturn aduhktnrkn, qug arin-

hkzn y adpntkokckzn gh su khtgrkar n`tkvklnlgs ucturncgs, glu`ntkvns, nldkhkstrntkvns

g khlustrkncgs lg dnhgrn abgrghtg y trnhs-lks`kpckhnrkn.

Dgz`cn lg dntgrkncgs hugvas y rg`k`cnlas aotghklas lgc ghtarha khdglknta a gh uh

rnlka dghas n 06 Md. aerg`gh lkegrghtgs paskokcklnlgs lg grrndkghta lg nùgrla

n cns ahlk`kahgs ckdîtk`ns khtgrhns y gxtgrhns y gh euh`kðh n cns n`tkvklnlgs qug

gstns ghvacvghtgs ahtkghgh pnsnhla lg cns supgr`kgs kdpgrdgnocgs bn`kn cns sgdk

y tatncdghtg pgrdgnocgs a trnscú`klns.

>7.0.7 @nrn tgrästk`ns ighgrncgs

Cn prapugstn sg lgsnrraccn saorg las gjgs euhlndghtncgs: gc trntndkghta lg rgskluas

(n`tkvklnl khlustrknc) y cn ighgrn`kðh lg n`tkvklnlgs rgcn`kahnlns n cn ucturn, glu`n-

`kðh, gspnr`kdkghta, nldkhkstrn`kðh y sgrvk`kas adpcgdghtnrkas pnrn gc gdpcgnla yvksktnhtg.

Gh unhta n su uok`n`kðh gh gc dnstgrpcnh, gstg rgspahlän n gspg`ä`ns ahlk`kahgs

lg nsacgndkghta, vkghta, arkghtn`kðh, n``gskokcklnl y lkspahkokcklnl lg îrgn qug bnh

skla skhtgtkznlns gh cns skiukghtgs gstrntgikns y prgdksns lg lksgþa:

n. Pgdk-ghtgrrnr cns khstncn`kahgs n ca cnria lg uhn onrrn

Pg prapusa utkckznr cn pghlkghtg hnturnc (tapairneän lgs`ghlghtg) y cn irnvglnl pnrn

en`kcktnr gc trnhspartg lg _gskluas lgslg su ccginln bntn su gckdkhn`kðh y gdpnqug-

tnla pnrn vghtn. Lg tnc eardn, cns n`tkvklnlgs sg arinhkznrah n ca cnria lg uhn onrrn

àdpn`tn lgokla n cn ckhgncklnl khträhsg`n n cas pra`gsas khlustrkncgs qug aùrrgh n

su khtgrkar.

o. Pg``kahnr cn onrrn gh las pcnhtns nhgxns g khlgpghlkghtgs n cn vgz

Pg bnh aca`nla ? vacúdghgs lg ah`rgta nc khk`ka lg `nln sg`tar qug pgrdktkrîh

su eî`kc lkegrgh`kn`kðh. Lg kiunc dnhgrn, sg bn rgstrkhikla gc uja lg vgbäùcas

ckvknhas y uja lg vksktnhtgs bn`kn cns atns supgrkargs uok`nlns gh cns en`bnlns sur

y sugrgstg y sgirginr cas ujas lg vgbkùcas pgsnlas (trnhspartg lg _W y pralu`tas

vghlklas) n cns atns lg dîs onjn (en`bnlns Har-agstg, hartg y gstg), lg tnc eardn qug

ndoas skstgdns huh`n sg ruznh pgra sk sg khtgràhg`tnh gh kgrtns pnrtgs.

\kgdpa lg vkln útkc : 06 <6 nþas

- Ha. lg túhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh : ?6 tuh.

- Ha. lg túhgcgs lg dnlurn`kðh : ?6 tuh.

- Ha. lg Okactras lg nkrg : 0

- Ghtrnln tatnc lg _W ariîhk`ns par nþas : <76 666 \ah./nþa

- Ghtrnln tatnc lg ariîhkàs n egrdghtn`kðh : ?76 666 \ah /nþa

- Ghtrnln tatnc lg ariîhkàs n dnlurn`kðh : >;6 666 \ah /nþa

- @nhtklnl tatnc lg rg`bnzas ariîhkàs : >6< 976 \ah /nþa

- Vralu``kðh tatnc lg @adpast nhunc : <9 ?76 \ah /nþa

>7.0.< @ah`gptunckzn kðh

Gc lksgþa lg cns pcnhtns lg trntndkghta lg khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs sg onsn gh cn klgn

lg trnhseardnr gc vkgja ah`gpta lg qug onsurn y cns pcnhtns khlustrkncgs sg cgs ntn-

cain ada n`tkvklnlgs ahtndkhnhtgs g krrgspahsnocgs ah gc dglka ndokghtg.

Lg tnc eardn sg bn pcnhtgnla ighgrnr uhn khlustrkn sustghtnocg= gàhðdk`n, sa`knc

y ndokghtncdghtg rgspahsnocg onsnla gh uhn npgrturn skh`grn lg cns n`tkvklnlgskhlustrkncgs n cn aduhklnl dglknhtg vksktns iuknlns, prairndns lg glu`n`kðh dglka

ndokghtnc y cn ighgrn`kðh lg gspn`kas púock as qug onsnh su cðik`n 0 prkh`kpkas

rg`targs ah`gptunckznlas n pnrtkr lg cn kdnigh lg eîork`n, y gstas sah:

n. CN @BKDGHGN G@ACÐIK@N

Hardncdghtg àhsklgrnla kàhairî`ndghtg àda gc gcgdghta nrquktg tðhkà dîs

àhtndkhnhtg lg taln khlustrkn. Gh`nrinln lg gckdkhnr cas lgsg`bas lg pralu``kðh,

prgsghtn n cns khlustrkns àda n`tkvklnlgs lnþkhns pnrn cn àduhklnl.

Gh hugstrn prapugstn bn skla rgkhtgrprgtnla euh`kahncdghtg skghla prgsghtnla ada

gc bkta dîs rgprgsghtntkva lg cn Vcnhtn khlustrknc. Wh gspn`ka vgrtk`nc HA àhtndk-

hnhtg, qug gh vgz lg gckdkhnr lgsg`bas= tadn y nptn lgc dglka ndokghtg rgùrsas

rghavnocgs pnrn dgjarnr cn pgreardnh`g lg cns n`tkvklnlgs gh gc khtgrkar lg cns pcnh-

tns khlustrkncgs. _gprgsghtn k`ðhk`ndghtg n cns sncns lg sgpnrn`kðh dnhunc lg _W,uhn n`tkvklnl qug kdpck`n @G_A ckogrn`kðh lg nroaha y gc unc gs arahnla par uh

dkrnlar n``gskocg n talas cas vksktnhtgs

o. CN @AOG_\W_N DALWCN_

Wsuncdghtg ahsklgrnln ada uh gcgdghta dgrndghtg euh`kahnc qug skrvg lg nks-

cndkghta y pratg``kðh qug sg hkgin n su ghtarha y n cn paskokcklnl lg utkckznr su irnh

supgr`kg lg dnhgrn ghgriëtk`ndghtg dîs g`kghtg y utkcktnrkn.

<6> <6?

Ndons pcnhtns sg khsgrtnr gh uh ahtgxta lgsërtkà y îrkla, gc unc sgrî rgùpgrnla n

trnvës lg cn pcnhtn`kðh lg irnhlgs gxtghskahgs lg args y pnstas skcvgstrgs qug hg`g-

sktnh pa`n niun pnrn suoskstkr y qug skrvgh ada tnpkz pnrn rg`rgnr uh pnksnjg ca`nc

lg nctkpcnhk`kg y/a sgrrnhän.

Cas glk`kas gh su tatncklnl pnrtgh lg eardns hgutrn, purns y rn`kahncgs. Cn en`bnln

Pur lgc glk`ka sg norg saorg gc khirgsa prkh`kpnc lg vksktnhtgs y gdpcgnlas par

ca qug cg eug nskihnla uh dura lg irnh ncturn aheardnla par invkahgs rgccghas

`. Khsgrtnr gc glke`ka vktrkhn & cns onrrns lghtra lg cn Vcnhtn lg Khariîhkàs

Gstg glk`ka sg uok`n bn`kn cn en`bnln sur lg cn Vcnhtn lg khariîhkàs y skrvg lg hgxa

ghtrg cn atn lg khirgsa (6.66) y cn pnrtg dîs onjn lg cn zahn khlustrknc (-2.66, -;.66).

Gstg ahtghlrî cns n`tkvklnlgs ucturncgs, nldkhkstrntkvns y lg sgrvk`kas= talns

vac`nlns bn`kn gc îrgn khlustrknc n dnhgrn lg irnh gs`npnrntg a vktrkhn. Gsta pgrdk-

tkrî cairnr uhn n`tkvn rgcn`kðh vksunc àh cns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs y rgearznr cas

aojgtkvas glu`n`kahncgs y bacästkàs lgc prayg`ta, nlgdîs lg ahtghgr talas cas sgr-



q i i p i

àh rkpka lg skccnr qug rgdgdarnh y gducnh cn dnskvklnl y saorkglnl lg cns täpk`ns

en`bnlns acahkncgs lg cn kulnl.

Gstns gspg`kgs lg ahtrneugrtgs bnh skla arahnlas y ghvugctas par uhn dnccn dgtîck-

`n pgrearnln qug pgrdktg gc pnsa lg cn cuz pgra ha lgc sac. Lnln su arkghtn`kðh sur, cn

dnyarän lg cas n`rkstncndkghtas ighgrnlas par cns khtgrrup`kahgs lgc dura pgrdktgh

àhg`tnr gc khtgrkar lgc glk`ka ah gc ghtarha.

Cn en`bnln arkghtnln n gstg, gstn adpugstn par uh irnh vacudgh lg àh`rgta nrdn-

la oruþnla gh gc unc sg uok`nh cas easas lg rg`gp`kðh lg rgskluas. Lnln cn hnturncg-

zn lgc dntgrknc qug ahtkghg, gs uha lg cas vacúdghgs dîs dnskvas g kdpahghtgs lgc

prayg`ta. Wh àhjuhta lg pðrtkàs n dnhgrn lg nrqugräns rg`tnhiucnrgs nlarhnh gstn

en`bnln gh taln su cahiktul, gstas skrvgh ada pðrtkàs gh lahlg sgrîh lgpasktnlas

cas rgskluas pravghkghtgs lg cn kulnl.

Ekhncdghtg, cn en`bnln Hartg gstn adpcgtndghtg aheardnln par uh skstgdn lg

pnhgcgs dgtîckàs ikrntarkas, àheg``kahnlas àh dnccns pgrearnlns y pkhtnlns lg

àcar ocnhà. Gstg skstgdn ikrntarka y pgrearnla euh`kahn ada uhn irnh pgrsknhnvgrtk`ncgs, qug sgiúh cns hg`gsklnlgs khtgrkargs puglg sgr npgrturnln ah lkstkhtas

irnlas y skrvg nlgdîs pnrn tndkznr cn nhtklnl lg sac rgqugrkla nc khtgrkar lg cns

îrgns khlustrkncgs.

I. Gc glke`ka vktrkhn

Cns prkh`kpncgs n`tkvklnlgs qug sg lgsnrraccnh gh gstg glk`ka sah: cns nldkhkstrntk-

vns, igstkðh, ucturnc, glu`n`kðh y sgrvk`kas adpcgdghtnrkas. Cn uok`n`kðh lg nln

gspn`ka sg bn rgnckznla ntghlkghla n en`targs lg n``gskokcklnl, pratg``kðh lgc rukla y

npgrturn vksunc n cns îrgns khlustrkncgs.

Gc glk`ka tadn eardn lg uhn cnrin onrrn sg``kahnln gh < vacúdghgs prkh`kpncgs

lahlg ? sah pävats / rgdntgs uok`nlas n cas gxtrgdas lg cn onrrn: gc nulktarka bn`kn

cn kzqukgrln y cn sncn lg rguhkahgs y iunrlgrän bn`kn nc kzqukgrln, gstn úctkdn ncgjnln

y pratgikln lg cns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs.

Lgokla su cahiktulkhncgklnl cn dnyarän lg gspn`kas gstîh rgcn`kahnlas vksuncdghtg

n cns n`tkvklnlgs rgnckznlns gh gc bnhinr khlustrknc, tnc y ada lgtnccndas:

N. Nulktarka ah Pgpnrn`kðh dg`îhk`n lg _W

O. Glu`n`kðh & Pgrvk`kas ah Pgpnrn`kðh dnhunc y îrgn lg trntndkghta lg _W.

@. Bncc lg khirgsa ah gc îrgn lg ncdn`ghndkghta

L. Pncn _guhkahgs & Nldkhkstrn`kðh ah lgspn`ba lg pralu`tas cnsk`nlas.

j y p y ,

vk`kas adpcgdghtnrkas qug hg`gsktnrî gc gdpcgnla pnrn dgjarnr su ncklnl lg vkln.

Ekhncdghtg, cn irnh onrrn lg ariîhkàs gs sg``kahnln gh par`kahgs dîs pgqugþns qug

ncogrinrîh cas túhgcgs lg adpastnjg nskstkla par àdputnlarn.

l. Khsgrtnr gc arnzðh y gc rgdntg

Cn @bkdghgn gàcðik`n rgprgsghtn gc arnzðh lg cn eîork`n, lahlg sg lnrî cn PGVN-

_N@KÐH DNHWNC ah @G_A gckdkhn`kðh lg nroaha nc dglka ndokghtg y gh

lahlg ahvgrigh talns cns enjns trnhspartnlarns n dnhgrn lg vnsas snhiuähgas.

Gstg irnh uoa rgùokgrta lg gcasäns dgtîck`ns gs uh vacudgh rgegrgh`knc g bkta

lkstkhtkva lg cn pcnhtn qug palrî sgr vksta y/a ca`nckznla 056¶ n cn rglahln.

N pnrtg lg cns sncns lg sgcg``kðh dnhunc, ahtghlrî uh dkrnlar nc unc sg n``glg n

trnvës lg rndpns gspkrncgs qug ralgnh uh irnh gxtrn`tar tërdkà y cîdpnrn cudähk`n

Gstg gspn`ka aerg`g n cas n`tuncgs trnonjnlargs kheardncgs, uhn apartuhklnl cnoarnc

hugvn, sgiurn y okgh rgduhgrnln, sa`knc y ndokghtncdghtg rgspahsnocg.

Gc vacudgh lg rgdntg lg uok`nrî cn hnc lg cn pcnhtn lg Ariîhkàs sgpnrnhla gstn ghtúhgcgs lg egrdghtn`kðh y túhgcgs lg dnlurn`kðh. Gh gstg vacudgh sg rgnckzn gc nha

y cn sgpnrn`kðh lg adpast hnc.

g. Kdpcnhtn`kðh lg uhn aogrturn ductk-prapðsktas

Gstn sgrvkrî ada:

+ @ACG@\A_N lg niun pcuvknc, ghgriän, kcudkhn`kðh khlkrg`tn y vghtkcn`kðh.

+ V_A\G@\A_N lg cn khtgdpgrkg, lg cas rnyas sacnrgs y lgc pacva.

+ WHKLKEK@NLA_N Ndnrrnhla ndons pcnhtns onja uh skstgdn lg uokgrtn úhkà y

sus`gptkocg n dalk`n`kahgs sgiúh sgn cns n`tkvklnlgs q gstn ahtghin.

+ _G@A__KOCG ahtghkghla (lnln su ncturn)= n`tkvklnlgs ada uh dkrnlar, tkghln

lg sauvghkrs, uhn ckorgrän y uhn negtgrän.

E. Khàrparnr uh skstgdn lg rndpns glu`n`kahncgs

Gstns gdpgznrîh y tgrdkhnrîh gh gc glk`ka vktrkhn, y gstîh lksgþnlns ha saca ada

`krùcn`kðh lgc pgrsahnc pnrn gc àhtrac lg cn dnqukhnrkn, skha tndokëh sgrî utkckznla

àda pnrtg lgc krùkta glu`ntkva gh cns vksktns prairndnlns pnrn gsàcnrgs, uhkvgr-

sktnrkas, praegskahncgs y púockà gh ighgrnc.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<60 <6<

Paorg pnrtg lgc tg`ba lgc sgiuhla hkvgc, gh uhn supgr`kg npraxkdnln lg >666 d?.

bnh skla khstncnlas dîs lg 256 pnhgcgs eatavactnkàs daha`rkstnckhas qug pralu`krîh

uh npraxkdnla lg 266 MYb / län. Gstas tkghgh cn pgùcknrklnl lg ha saca pralu`kr

taln cn ghgriän hg`gsnrkn pnrn gc euh`kahndkghta lg cn Vcnhtn lg khariîhkàs skha qug

orkhlnh cuz ctrnln y lkeusn n dnhgrn lg përiacn pnrn kcudkhnr tnhta gc sgiuhla hkvgc

àda gc bncc lg rg`gp`kðh lg khirgsa y pnrtg lg prkdgr sðtnha (bncc lg a`khns).

Bn`kn gc cnla sur, sg bn lksgþnla uh irnh pnskcca cahiktulkhnc qug ha saca pgrdktg

uhn g`kghtg ahgxkðh lg talas cas ndokghtgs skha tndokëh euh`kahn ada uhn

Gc hkvgc lg n``gsa (prkdgrn pcnhtn) sg sktún n >.66 dgtra par saorg cg HH\ (6.66) y

gs gh gstg hkvgc lahlg sg uok`nh cn tatncklnl lg n`tkvklnlgs rgegrklns n cas vksktnhtgs

(ùcturn-glu`n`kðh-nldkhkstrn`kðh) cns uncgs sah: Bncc lg rg`gp`kðh, igrgh`kn, nsncl

g rguhkahgs, okockatg`n, nucns lg eardn`kðh. Pncns lg gxbkok`kðh(dusga), sgrvk`kas

bkikëhkàs y gc nulktarka.

Gh gc sgiuhla hkvgc y lghtra lg cns aogrturn lg tg`ba sg sktúnh cns n`tkvklnlgs lg

dghar nckorg y qug gstîh dîs rgcn`kahnlns ah gc gspnr`kdkghta y ghtrgtghkdkghta

lg vksktnhtgs skghla gstns: cas dkrnlargs, tkghln lg sauvgrhkrs, ckorgrän, negtgrän y



geg`tkvn rutn lg gs`npg qug ahg`tn bn`kn gc bncc lg rg`gp`kðh y n ndoas rgdntgs lg

cn onrrn lahlg sg ghùghtrnh cas hú`cgas lg gs`ncgrns y rndpns qug pgrdktkrîh uhn

rîpkln gvnùn`kðh gh nsa lg lgsnstrg.

Gstg pnskcca tndokëh sgrî utkckznla ada gcgdghta npturnlar lg cuz irn`kns n qug

sg ghùghtrn ahtkiua n cn en`bnln lg invkðh lg skccnr, y sg ghùghtrn tg`bnla par

cn aogrturn dalucnr lg prksdn trknhiucnrgs qug npturnh cuz n trnvës lg nogrturns

arkghtnlns nc sur.

Paorg gstn en`bnln sg bnh lkspugsta uhn sgrkg lg pghgtrn`kahgs gh eardn lg rndpns

njnrlkhnlns, qug irn`kns n su arkghtn`kðh sur, cairnrîh khtralu`kr kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc

n ca cnria lg talns cns krùcn`kahgs cahiktulkhncgs lgslg gc sgiuhla sðtnha bnstn gc

prkdgr hkvgc (hkvgc lg khirgsa).

Juhta n cn krùcn`kðh sg bnccnh uhn sgrkg lg vn`kas a lu`tas lg irnh tndnþa par lah-

lg sg cairn ahg`tnr vgrtk`ncdghtg cas lkegrghtgs hkvgcgs y qug skrvgh ahg`tnr cas

lu`tas lg khstncn`kahgs lgslg cas lkegrghtgs hkvgcgs bn`kn gc sgiuhla sðtnha lahlg sg

bnccnh talns cns dnqukhnrkns y sncns të`hk`ns.

@nog dgh`kahnr qug gc nulktarka qug ncogrinrî n >06 pgrsahns, ughtn ah rutns lg

n``gsa y snckln khlgpghlkghtgs y lkrg`tns qug ahg`tnh talns n uh pntka gxtgrkar. Gs-

tas n``gsas ha saca sah uhn rutn lg gs`npg lkrg`tn bn`kn gc îrgn lg gstn`kahndkghta,

skha qug en`kcktnh gc khirgsa y snckln lgc púockà lg dnhgrn ukln g khlgpghlkghtg n

cns lgdîs n`tkvklnlgs qug sg lgh nc khtgrkar lgc glk`ka.

Gc tkgdpa lg gvnùn`kðh dîxkdn lg cns îrgns ha khlustrkncgs (glk`ka vktrkhn) gs

npraxkdnlndghtg lg ;.7 dkhutas y lg cns îrgns khlustrkncgs lg: >6.76 dkhutas.

(HA\N: talas cas `îcùcas ahsklgrnh: \kgdpa lg lgtg``kðh, tkgdpa lg ncnrdn,

tkgdpa lg rgtnrla y tkgdpa prapka lg gvnùn`kðh).

Gh unhta n cn sgiurklnl lgc glk`ka, sg bn kh`cukla gqukpas y skstgdns lg vkikcnh-

`kn tnhta pnrn cns îrgns khlustrkncgs ada pnrn gc glk`ka vktrkhn. Gstn vkikcnh`kn sg

ccgvnrî n noa dglknhtg uh krùkta grrnla lg \U (@@\U) dahktargnla lgslg cn

zahn nldkhkstrntkvn.

Gc ahtrac ndokghtnc lg taln cn pcnhtn sg ccgvn n noa n trnvës lgc cnoarntarka khstncn-

la gh gc prkdgr sðtnha par lgonja lgc nulktarka. Gh gstg cnoarntarka sg ccgvnrîh n`noa

talns cns prugons hg`gsnrkns pnrn sntksen`gr cns hardns ndokghtncgs y lg sgiurklnl y

nsä dnhtghgr sgiurns n talns cns pgrsahns qug cnoarnh y vksktnh gstns khstncn`kahgs.

Lnla gc bg`ba, qug du`bns vg`gs sg dnhgjnrîh rgskluas pgckirasa a ha`kvas, gc

cnoarntarka ughtn ah uh skstgdn khlgpghlkghtg gxtrn``kðh lg nkrg dglknhtg vgh-

y

dkrnlar.

Cas gspn`kas lgstkhnlas n cns n`tkvklnlgs ucturncgs tncgs ada okockatg`n, nucns lg

eardn`kðh y cn sncn lg gxbkok`kðh, ughtnh ah uh skstgdn lg pnhgcgrän dðvkc pnrn

cairnr cn dnyar gxkokcklnl gspn`knc paskocg y pgrdktkr uhn ckorg nsa`kn`kðh gspn`knc

sgiúh sgnh cns hg`gsklnlgs a npn`klnlgs qug sg hg`gsktgh.

Bn`kn cas hkvgcgs khegrkargs sg bnh uok`nla cas sgrvk`kas pnrn gdpcgnlas, îrgns nldk-

hkstrntkvns y îrgns khlustrkncgs.

Gc n``gsa lg gdpcgnlas y bn`kn cn iunrlgrän bn skla pravksta n trnvës lg uhn pcnzn

lgprkdkln 0.76 dgtras par lgonja lgc HH\ (6.66). Gh gstg dksda hkvgc n pnrtg lg cn

iunrlgrän (qug bn skla nkscnln y pratgikln lgc rukla dglknhtg su sgdk-ghtgrrndkghta)

sg ghùghtrnh talns cns n`tkvklnlgs nldkhkstrntkvns lg dnyar ghvgrinlurns: a`khns,

lgspn`bas, nr`bkva y nldkhkstrn`kðh.

\alas cas sgrvk`kas pnrn aorgras y gdpcgnlas (àdglargs, ca`nc skhlk`nc, vgstklargs,

lu`bns, sgrvk`kas bkikëhkàs, cnoarntarka y ghegrdgrän) tndokëh bnh skla khàrparn-las gh gstg hkvgc lg tnc dnhgrn qug sg en`kcktn gc ahtrac lg cas aorgras qug sncgh y

ghtrnh lg cns îrgns àhtndkhnlns.

Ekhncdghtg, gh gc sgiuhla y úctkda sðtnha sg uok`n uh irnh pksa lg sgrvk`ka (pksa

të`hkà) lahlg sg lkspahgh talns cns dnqukhnrkns hg`gsnrkns pnrn gc arrg`ta euh`ka-

hndkghta lg cn glk`n`kðh ada ca sah cas okactras lg nkrg y niun, dîqukhns nkrg

nàhlk`kahnla, tnocgras gcë`trkàs, sncns lgc ns`ghsar, oadons lg niun, `kstgrhns,

ontgräns y àhvgrsargs lg ghgriän eatavactnk`n, ghtrg atras.

B. Khstncn`kahgs gcë`trk`ns, snhktnrkns, vghtkcn`kðh y skstgdns lg sgiurklnl

Gc skstgdn lg vghtkcn`kðh y nkrg nàhlk`kahnla (lg onjn gdkskðh lg rukla) khstncnlas

gh gstg úctkda hkvgc, nyulnrîh nc okactrnla y vghtkcn`kðh nskstkln lgc cnoarntarka, gc

nulktarka, cns nucns lg eardn`kðh, a`khns, adglar lg pgrsahnc y îrgns nldkhkstrntk-

vns, skgdprg y unhla gstns cns rgqukgrnh.

Gh tala gc glk`ka prgladkhn cn utkckzn`kðh lg të`hk`ns hnturncgs lg vghtkcn`kðh g

kcudkhn`kðh. Var tnc datkva, gh taln cn en`bnln khtgrhn (qug ln bn`kn cns îrgns khlus-

trkncgs) sg bn lkspugsta uh irnh dura n`rkstncnla qug sg norg n cn vgz bn`kn ? vn`kas a

îrgns lg cuz qug sgrvkrîh nlk`kahncdghtg ada jnrlkhgs khtgrhas. Paorg gstn en`bn-

ln, gh cn àogrturn dalucnr, sg bnh lkspugsta pcnh`bns lg pack`nroahnta trnscú`kla

enork`nlns par V_G@A_, qug pgrdktkrî onþnr ah uhn cuz hnturnc lkeusn talas cas

ndokghtgs uok`nlas bn`kn gc hartg.

<67 <65

Gh cn pnrtg pastgrkar y juhta nc n``gsa sg uok`n cn nokhn lg prayg``kðh lgslg lahlg

sg ahtracn gc sahkla, prayg``kahgs, îdnrns lg irnon`kðh, skstgdn lg kcudkhn`kðh

hnturnc (përiacn ikrntarka), kcudkhn`kðh nrtk`knc y pnhgc pcginlkza lgc pras`ghka.

Pgiukla n gstas gspn`kas sg ghùghtrn gc îrgn lg outn`ns arinhkznlns gh uh saca

ndokghtg lgs`ghlghtg gh eardn irnlgrän (6.>7 d nln irnln) qug tgrdkhn gh uh

pras`ghka àh eahla vklrknla. Lnln cn skdpck`klnl lgc ndokghtg, sg bn prapugsta uh

gs`ghnrka ah uhn irnh dndpnrn vklrknln lg tnc eardn qug gc trnseahla ca aheardnr

tkcnlargs ghträeuias lg onja hkvgc lg rukla khstncnlas uh hkvgc par lgonja lg gstg,

nlgdîs lg dnhgjnr uh skstgdn lg lgsnióg khlgpghlkghtg lg talns cns lgdîs îrgns.

Gstg acg`tar, n lkegrgh`kn lg talas cas lgdîs ahg`tnrî lkrg`tndghtg ah cn pcnhtn

lg ckxkvknlas.

Gh unhta nc skstgdn lg pratg``kðh ahtrn kh`ghlkas, sg bn lkspugsta uh skstgdn lg

lgtg``kðh, pratg``kðh pnskvn y gxtkh`kðh n ca cnria lg talns cns îrgns khlustrkncgs y

ha khlustrkncgs. Gh gc nsa lgc glk`ka vktrkhn, cas nspgrsargs sgrîh khstncnlas gh cas



talns cns dîqukhns gh`nrinlns lg cn sgpnrn`kðh dg`îhk`ns lg rgskluas.

Pg pcnhtgð gstn pgùcknrklnl lgokla n qug gc nulktarka gstî dnyardghtg ghea`nla n cn

rgnckzn`kðh lg gvghtas rgcn`kahnlas n cn lkeuskðh lg cns n`tkvklnlgs lg trntndkghta y

rg`k`cnjg lg onsurn, par tnc datkva, grn kdpartnhtg cairnr geg`tas vksuncgs qug kdpn`-

tgh pasktkvndghtg gh talas cas vksktnhtgs. Gstg nulktarka tndokëh sgrvkrî ada gspn-

`ka pnrn gvghtas ucturncgs y ahegrgh`kns, arinhkznlas par gdpcgnlas a par púockà

gh ighgrnc qug gstëh khtgrgsnlas gh tgdns rgcn`kahnlas n cn igstkðh lg rgskluas.

Pg bn prgvksta cn hg`gsklnl lg uh grrndkghta tatnc lg cn dndpnrn n trnvës lg uh pn-

hgc pcginlkza ocnhà qug pugln sgrvkr lg g`rnh unhla sg rgnck`g nciuhn prayg``kðh

nulkavksunc. Gstg sgrî ahtracnla gcg`trðhk`ndghtg lgslg cn nokhn lg prayg``kðh.

Var saorg tala gc ndokghtg sg bn khstncnla uh skstgdn lg përiacn ikrntarkn lg dnlgrn

qug ha saca udpckrî euh`kahgs lg nosar`kðh n`ústk`n, skha tndokëh gstnrî n nria

lgc ahtrac lg kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc ctrnln lgslg cn aogrturn dgtîck`n qug sg ghùgh-

trn saorg gstn.

Vnrn cn nosar`kðh n`ústk`n sg bnh lkspugsta pnhgcgs n`ústkàs rgùokgrtas lg orns

gspg`kncgs, qug adpcgdghtnrkndghtg euh`kahnrîh ah outn`ns lksgþnlns gspg`knc-

dghtg pnrn dgjarnr cns ahlk`kahgs n`ústk`ns lgc sktka y dktkinr cns rgvgrogrn`kahgs

pralu`klns par cns eughtgs saharns.

Gc skstgdn lg kcudkhn`kðh nrtk`knc sgrî uok`nla gh cns pnrglgs pgrkdgtrncgs y sg

lnrî ëhensks nc usa lg kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc n trnvës lg cn përiacn ikrntarkn.

Gh tërdkhas lg vghtkcn`kðh, ëstn gstnrî n nria lg uh skstgdn lg nkrg nàhlk`kahnla

khlgpghlkghtg n tala gc glk`ka, uyns dîqukhns, uok`nlns ? hkvgcgs par lgonja,

ùghtnh ah nrn`tgrästk`ns gspg`kncgs ada paà ahsuda lg ghgriän, onja hkvgc lg

rukla, nctn g`kgh`kn lg euh`kahndkghta y paà vacudgh lg aùpn`kðh.

O. Gc cnoarntarka

Wok`nla gh gc prkdgr sðtnha, khdglkntndghtg lgonja lgc nulktarka, gc cnoarntarka

sg gh`nrinrî lgc ahtrac ndokghtnc lg taln cn pcnhtn. Gh gstg cuinr sg ccgvnrîh n`noa

talns cns prugons hg`gsnrkns pnrn sntksen`gr cns hardns ndokghtncgs y lg sgiurklnl

qug lgog udpckr cn pcnhtn y nsä dnhtghgr sgiurns n talns cns pgrsahns qug cnoarnh y

vksktnh gstns khstncn`kahgs.

Gc cnoarntarka ughtn lg 0 ndokghtgs: nc îrgn lgstkhnln nc nhîcksks lg dugstrns, uh

lgpðskta y/a nr`bkva lg dugstrns y uh P.B. Khlgpghlkghtg.

encsas kgcas rnsas y/a aogrturn dgtîck`n y gdpcgnrîh gc niun rgùpgrnln y okactrn-

ln lg lu`bns y cnvndnhas.

>7.< Gc prayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà(Glk ka Nldkhkstrntkva y @ghtra lg Uksktnhtgs)

Gc prayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà arrgspahlg nc sg`tar 0 lgc Glk`ka nldkhkstrntkva y

`ghtra lg vksktnhtgs g khvacu`rn cas skiukghtgs gspn`kas:

V_KDG_ HKUGC (HV\ + >.66)

Gstn`kahndkghta vksktnhtgs, gstn`kahndkghta lg sgrvk`ka y ousgs, pntka gxtgrkar,

khirgsa lg sgrvk`ka, nulktarka y `nokhn lg prayg``kðh, sgrvk`kas bkikëhkàs lg vksktnh-

tgs, hú`cga lg gs`ncgrns Ha. ?, lgpðsktas, îrgn lg cuz, dahtn`nrin, easas lg rg`gp`kðh

lg rgskluas khariîhkàs y pntka lg dnhkaorns.

V_KDG_ PÐ\NHA (HV\ - 0.76)

Cnoarntarka, P.B. lg cnoarntarka, lgpðskta lg dugstrns, lgpðsktas vnrkas, îrgn lg cuz,dahtn`nrin, lu`bns - Ugstklargs - PP.BB lg aorgras vnrahgs, khirgsa y snckln lg

trnonjnlargs lg pcnhtn, khirgsa lg sgrvk`ka (rndpn lg sgrvk`ka) y hú`cga lg gs`ncgrns

Ha. ?.

PGIWHLA PÐ\NHA (HV\ - 2.66)

Pncn lg ahtrac lg irúns lg easas, sncn lg nkrg nàhlk`kahnla, îrgn lg cuz, dahtn`nr-

in, Pncn lg okactras lg nkrg (pnrn pcnhtn khlustrknc), lgpðsktas, hú`cga lg gs`ncgrns

Ha. ? y lu`tas vnrkas.

Cas gspn`kas prkh`kpncgs qug sg uok`nh gh gstg sg`tar sah gc nulktarka, gc cnoarntarka,

cas easas lg lgs`nrin y sgrvk`kas adpcgdghtnrkas pnrn vksktnhtgs y gdpcgnlas.

N. Gc nulktarka

Gstg tkghg uhn npn`klnl tatnc lg >06 pgrsahns, lg cns uncgs >>6 vnh gh outn`ns,>6 lg pkg y >6 gh skccns lg ruglns. Gc n``gsa nc nulktarka sg ln n trnvës lg uh skstg-

dn lg laocg pugrtn lg dnlgrn qug gvktn gc khirgsa lg ruklas y cuz dacgstas lgslg

lgc gxtgrkar. Gstn laocg pugrtn ahg`tn lkrg`tndghtg nc pnskcca prkh`kpnc y n su vgz

n uh khirgsa khlgpghlkghtg qug sg norg bn`kn gc gstn`kahndkghta lg vksktnhtgs y lg

sgrvk`ka.

Gc tkgdpa lg gvnùn`kðh npraxkdnla lgc nulktarka gs lg 9.7 dkhutas (HA\N: talas

cas îcùcas ahsklgrnh: \kgdpa lg lgtg``kðh, tkgdpa lg ncnrdn, tkgdpa lg rgtnrla y

tkgdpa prapka lg gvnùn`kðh).

<69 <62

Pg bn lkspugsta uh skstgdn lg ahtrac n trnvës lg uh gstrk`ta skstgdn lg krùcn`kðh

par gc ùnc sg aockin n cn ckdpkgzn lg cas trnonjnlargs tnhta n cn ghtrnln àda n cn

snckln lg cns îrgns khlustrkncgs. Dglknhtg gstg prataàca lg sgiurklnl, gvktndas cn

àhtndkhn`kðh lg îrgns qug ha gstîh gh ahtn`ta ah rgskluas y nsä dnhtghgdas cn

khaùklnl lg cns zahns lg krùcn`kðh lahlg trnhsktnrî gc púockà gh ighgrnc.

Cn kcudkhn`kðh hnturnc gs uha lg cas rgqugrkdkghtas dîs kdpartnhtgs pnrn gstas nd-

okghtgs, par tnc datkva sg bnh lkspugsta duras trnscú`klas lg laocg pkgc àh pgrcgs

Lnla qug du`bns vg`gs sg dnhgjnrîh rgskluas pgckirasa a ha`kvas, gc cnoarntarka

ùghtn ah uh skstgdn khlgpghlkghtg gxtrn``kðh lg nkrg dglknhtg vghtkcnlargs gh-

träeuias lg onja hkvgc lg rukla khstncnlas uh hkvgc par lgonja lg gstg, nlgdîs lg dn-

hgjnr uh skstgdn lg lgsnióg khlgpghlkghtg lg talns cns lgdîs îrgns. Gstg acg`tar, n

lkegrgh`kn lg talas cas lgdîs ahg`tnrî lkrg`tndghtg ah cn pcnhtn lg ckxkvknlas .

Gc 27% lg cn kcudkhn`kðh sgrî tatncdghtg nrtk`knc, lgokla ncta hkvgc lg nkscndkghta

qug tkghg ah rgspg`ta nc rgsta lg cas ndokghtgs.



nutapartnhtgs lg vklrka nrghnla gh ‒W‛ -V_AEKCK\ (lg Vkcmkhitah), gstas pgrdktgh

uhn gx`gcghtg inhnh`kn cudähk`n, dnhtghkghla cn prkvn`klnl lg cns n`tkvklnlgs.

>7.7 Gstru`turn kðh lgc prayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà

Cn gstru`turn`kðh lg tala gc glk`ka nldkhkstrntkva y lg vksktnhtgs gstî aheardn-

la par < hú`cgas sgpnrnlas par juhtns lg lkcntn`kðh lg >6 d. @nln hú`cga tkghg

npraxkdnlndghtg >7 dgtras lg nh`ba par <6 lg cnria dnhtghkghla cas prapar`kahgs

dîxkdns pgrdkskocgs lg >:<.

Gc skstgdn ahstru`tkva lgc sg`tar lg lgsnrracca nsä ada gc lgc rgsta lgc glk`ka gs

uh skstgdn npartk`nla lg ah`rgta nrdnla, nc unc sg cg nþnlkrîh tnokqugräns partnh-

tgs lg cnlrkcca gstru`turnc y duras lg lrywncc pnrn ahiurnr y suo-lkvklkr gspn`kas

khtgrhas. Nsä dksda, cns pcn`ns lgs`nhsnrîh saorg znpntns nkscnlns tkpa pglgstnc qug

gh gc nsa lgc nulktarka y lgonja lgc dura lg invkðh sgrîh nrrkastrnlns uhns n atrns

dglknhtg uhn vkin lg kdghtn`kðh lg >.?7 d. lg nh`ba x >.76 d. lg ncta.

Var saorg gstn gstru`turn npartk`nln räikln sg nsghtnrî uhn irnh àogrturn dgtîck`n

dalucnr n onsg lg prksdns pkrndklncgs. Vnrn tnc nsa, sg khstncnrî uh skstgdn lg

ralkccas dðvkcgs qug pgrdktkrîh gc ckorg lgspcnzndkghta lg cn gstru`turn dgtîck`n qug

euh`kahnrî gstru`turncdghtg sgpnrnln lgc skstgdn npartk`nla.

>7.7.> @rktgrkas lg gstru turn kðh y lksgþa

n. Pkdpck`klnl y skdgträn gh Vcnhtn.

Vraùrnhla dnhtghgr uhn pcnhtn lg eardn sgh`kccn y lg lkdghskahgs gquklkstnhtgs gh

onsg n uh dðluca lg 7.76 d. R 7.76 d. [ uhn lkstrkou kðh uhkeardg lg cas gcgdgh-

tas gstru`turncgs gh ndons lkrg``kahgs pnrn gvktnr irnhlgs gseugrzas lg tarskðh.

o. _gskstgh`kn y lu`tkokcklnl.

Whn gstru`turn ah rgskstgh`kn su`kghtg pgra lú`tkc n cn vgz, cairnla irn`kns n cn

dgz`cn lg las skstgdns gstru`turncgs ada ca sah gc npartk`nla lg ah`rgta nrdnlay gc dgtîckà dalucnr gspn`knc. Gstn vnrkglnl gstru`turnc pgrdktg qug sg nosaronh cas

geg`tas säsdkàs lg dnhgrn khlgpghlkghtg y gh uh rnhia pcîstkà n`gptnocg, gs lg`kr,

qug sapartg uh sksda sgvgra skh acnpsnr.

`. Bkpgrgstntk`klnl y dahacktksda.

@ah su`kghtgs npayas y nsgiurnhla qug nln gstru`turn gh su ahjuhta sg àdpartg

àda uh saca gcgdghta.

@. Cas easas lg lgs`nrin lg rgskluas

Wok`nlas juhta nc khirgsa lg sgrvk`ka y lnln cn hnturncgzn lg cas pralu`tas qug

bnorîh lg ahtghgr, cas easas lg lgspgrlk`kas, sg ghùghtrnh tatncdghtg nkscnlas lgc

rgsta lg cns khstncn`kahgs.

Cns eardns rg`tnhiucnrgs lg >?.66 x 7.76 dgtras sg ghùghtrnh ahhnlns par

irugsns pnrglgs lg ah`rgta nrdnla (gspgsar 6.76 d.) lg nctn rgskstgh`kn (e‛` 4 ?26

Mi / `d?). Bn`kn cn en`bnln gstg, cas easas sg norgh n uh pntka lg lgs`nrin n trnvës

lg irnhlgs pðrtkàs uokgrtas par pugrtns dgtîck`ns ghrraccnocgs ahtracnlns gcg`trð-

hk`ndghtg.

Gstru`turncdghtg gstas easas n`túnh ada uh irnh skstgdn lg kdghtn`kðh uyn

gstnokcklnl gstru`turnc gs atarinln par cn oklkrg``kahncklnl y cas irnhlgs gspgsargs

lg sus duras.

Cas easas prgsghtnh uhn praeuhlklnl lg >7 dgtras, lahlg sg puglgh lgs`nrinr bnstn

;66 d0 lg lgsg`bas khariîhkàs nc län y par easa. Whn irún pucpa gcgvnln n 2 dgtras

lg ncturn y ahtracnln par adputnlarn, gs cn gh`nrinln lg dnhkpucnr cas _W y

àca`nrcas gh cns enjns nckdghtnlarns qug ccgvnh n cas trðdgcgs (`rkons) radpglargs

lg oacsn y sgpnrnlargs lg tndnþa.

Wh skstgdn gspg`knckznla lg okactras uok`nlas juhta n cas easas y atra irupa gh gc

sgiuhla sðtnha sah cas gh`nrinlas lg gxtrngr acargs, nkrg, ahtndkhnhtgs y uncqukgr

atra tkpa lg pnrtäùcns gh suspghskðh pnrn nsgiurnr uhn ðptkdn ncklnl lg nkrg lghtra

y eugrn lg gstas. Dglknhtg gstg skstgdn, sg nsgiurn qug ha sg gckdkhnrîh acargs ha`k-

vas qug puglnh dacgstnr a khtgregrkr nc rgsta lg n`tkvklnlgs lg cn pcnhtn.

L. Cas sgrvk`kas adpcgdghtnrkas

Cas sgrvk`kas bnh skla ca`nckznlas juhta nc îrgn lg cuz pnrn uhn vghtkcn`kðh hnturnc,nlgdîs lg cairnr uhn pgreg`tn akh`klgh`kn n ca cnria lg cas lkegrghtgs hkvgcgs, y nsä

cairnr uhn arrg`tn hu`cgnrkzn`kðh y skdpck`klnl gh gc tghlkla lg cns khstncn`kahgs

gcë`trk`ns y snhktnrkns.

Gh gc prkdgr hkvgc sg bnh ca`nckznla cas sgrvk`kas bkikëhkàs pnrn cas vksktnhtgs y gh

gc prkdgr sðtnha sg uok`nh cns lu`bns, vgstklargs, nskccgras y sgrvk`kas bkikëhkàs

qug sgrîh lg usa gx`cuskva lg cas aorgras qug cnoarnh gh pcnhtn.



<>> <>?

B 4 ?6 d. Cu`gs adprghlklns ghtrg <.76 y 7.76 d.

B 4 ?7 d. Cu`gs adprghlklns ghtrg 7.66 y 5.76 d.

B 4 Casns dn`kzns pnrn cu`gs adprghlklns ghtrg 5.66 y 9.76 d.

Lahlg ‒B‛ rgprgsghtn cn ncturn tatnc lg cn casn gh lahlg sg kh`cuygh cas 7 d lgc enc-

sa pksa y cas gspgsargs lg cas cnlrkcca bugà sgrîh ghtrg >7, ?6 y ?7 d. _gspg`tkvn-

dghtg. Atrn eardn lg prglkdghskahnr cn casn nckigrnln gs ah cn skiukghtg gùn`kðh:

Pg bnh aca`nla duras lg sastghkdkghta (duras lg ahtgh`kðh) gh zahns lahlg sg

bnh bg`ba gx`nvn`kahgs lg irnh praeuhlklnl y gh sðtnhas. Lg nùgrla n su uok`n-

`kðh cas duras u`túnh ghtrg 6.06 y 6.76 d. lg nh`ba.

`. @acudhns

Cns acudhns nc sgr sadgtklns n nrins lg adprgskðh y dadghtas g`targs tkghgh

qug sgr lkdghskahnlns ahsklgrnhla cas las geg`tas skductîhgndghtg, trntnhla lg

gvncunr unc lg cas las gs gc qug iaokgrhn gh eardn dîs khuyghtg gc lkdghskahn-



g. Casns lg pcn`n acnoarnhtg.

Gh cns casns acnoarnhtgs sg bnh utkckznla pcn`ns V_G@A_ lg`m lg 0— irnla <6 lg

n`gra gcnoarnlns ah n`gra gstru`turnc incvnhkznla I066 P066 DVn. Enork`nla

onja nc hardn NP\D - N570PP Irnla <6. \alns cns pcn`ns lgogrîh ahtnr àh uh

rgùorkdkghta lg Zkh` I-;6. Gc @ah`rgta usnla saorg cns Vcn`ns acnoarnhtgs sgrî lg

rgskstgh`kn: e‛` 4 ?>6 Mi / d?

>7.5. Khstncn kahgs snhktnrkns

Gh ugornln Bahln ha sg ughtn n`tuncdghtg ah uhn ahgxkðh lg niun patnocg

par ca qug sg bn àhsklgrnla, lghtra lgc dnstgrpcnh, cn àhstru `kðh lg ? pazas lg

pgrearn`kðh pnrn palgr aotghgr niun lg suosugca, cn ùnc nonstg`grî n cns khstncn`ka-

hgs. Cn rgl lg lgsnióg prapugstn ha bnrîh su lgs`nrins hk nc skstgdn lg lgsniógs lg

cn kulnl (par su cgjnhän) hk lkrg`tndghtg nc dglka ndokghtg (par sgr ahtndkhnhtg),

lg ca ahtrnrka talns cns tuogrän sgrîh lgrkvnlns y lksg``kahnlns bn`kn cns ? pcnhtns

lg trntndkghta lg niuns hgirns y ckxkvknlas qug bnh skla ahsklgrnlns gh cn prkdgrn

ensg lgc dnstgrpcnh.

>7.5.> Lgs`rkp kðh lgc skstgdn

Vnrn gc nonstg`kdkghta lg niun patnocg sg bn ahsklgrnla uh skstgdn lg sudkhkstra

lkrg`ta n pnrtkr lg cas pazas lg pgrearn`kðh uok`nlas gh cn atn dîs onjn lg ugorn-

ln Bahln, a gh nsa lg gdgrigh`kn n pnrtkr lg `ndkahgs kstgrhns. Gh uncqukgrn lg

cas nsas, gc niun sgrî oadognln n uhn kstgrhn lg niun patnocg uok`nln gh gc ?lasðtnha lgc glk`ka.

Gc skstgdn lg oadoga sgrî n trnvës lg @KP\G_HN [ OADON BKL_AHGWDÎ\K-

@N, par tnc datkva ha sgrî hg`gsnrka ahtnr ah cn prgsgh`kn lg uh tnhqug gcgvnla.

Gc `kstgrhn àhtnrî àh uh oayn a vîcvucn atnlarn cn ùnc àhtracn cas hkvgcgs lg

niun.

Gs hg`gsnrka dgh`kahnr qug cns n`tkvklnlgs khlustrkncgs, n gx`gp`kðh lg cas túhgcgs

dkghta.

Vnrn glk`kas qug tghinh duras lg artg gh cns las lkrg``kahgs tnc qug cn rkiklgz

cntgrnc y cn rgskstgh`kn vnh n gstnr prkh`kpncdghtg ahtracnlns par cas duras, cns

àcudhns sg puglgh lkdghskahnr supahkghla uh îrgn kiunc n:

Vnrn gc dksda tkpa lg glk`ka pgra ah acudhn gsqukhgrn cn nrin nxknc gs dghar

par ca qug sg palrî lkdghskahnr tghkghla gh ughtn cn skiukghtg gùn kðh:

Gc en`tar V (sgrvk`ka) ahsklgrn nrins nxkncgs lg irnvglnl ada sah nrin dugrtn y

`nrin vkvn. Vnrn prglkdghskahnr cns acudhns bgdas tghkla gh ughtn gc pgrnctg lg

cns vkins= yn qug gs rgàdghlnocg qug cn khgr`kn lg cns àcudhns sgn dnyar a kiunc n

cn khgr`kn lg cns vkins= y lg gsn eardn lksdkhukr su gseugrza par sksda.

Gh Ca qug gs pcn`ns a duras lg artg ha sg tkghg uhn eðrducn a gùn`kðh pnrn cn

gstru`turn`kðh, yn qug gstns udpcgh uhn euh`kðh lg rkiklkznr cn gstru`turn, gh gc

prayg`ta sg àca`nrah pcn`ns gh sus las lkrg``kahgs oîsk`ns pnrn qug sus lgspcnzn-

dkghtas sgnh cas pgrdktklas pnrn lk`bns glk`n`kahgs.

l. Ukins

Cns vkins sg prglkdghskahnrîh ahsklgrnhla uh pgrnctg lgc ðrlgh lg >/>? n >/?6

(sgiúh sgn nrin adpcgtn a trkoutnrkn) lg cn cuz ckorg. Lgog n`cnrnrsg, qug gstn ncturnkh`cuyg gc gspgsar lg cn casn lg tg`ba a pksa, qug gh gstg nsa sgrî lg 6.?7 d. gh

talas cas hkvgcgs. Cns cu`gs usuncgs usnlns gh vkin ns`kghlgh n cn lkstnh`kn lg C ≬

>>.66 dc.

g. Casns nckigrnlns

Pah gh gsgh`kn casns hgrvnlns ah cn lkegrgh`kn qug gh gc gspn`ka ghtrg cns vkiugtns

ccgvnh uh cnlrkcca bugà.

Gstns casns puglgh sgr prglkdghskahnlns ahsklgrnhla cas skiukghtgs rktgrkas:

N` 4 Îrgn lg àcudhnV 4 En tar lg nrin V

N` 4V (sgrvk`ka)

6.<7 ey

N` 4 Îrgn lg àcudhnV 4 En tar lg nrin V

N` 4

V (sgrvk`ka)

6.07 ey

b 4 Gspgsar lg casn gh `d.C 4 Cahiktul dîs cnrin lgc pnþa n prglkdghskahnr

b 4 C?7

<>0 <><

Gc skstgdn lg vghtkcn`kðh pgrdktg cn nlgùnln nkrgn`kðh lg cn tuogräns y npnrntas

snhktnrkas ah dahtnhtgs qug lgogrîh pracahinrsg 06 d, lg cn atn dîs onjn lg cn

àogrturn dgtîck`n. Lgslg nln khalara y/a npnrnta snhktnrka snclrî uh tuoa lg

lgsnióg qug sgrî ahg`tnla nc acg`tarn ghtrnc pnrn su pastgrkar rglkrg``kahndkghta

par irnvglnl bn`kn cn pcnhtn lg trntndkghta lg niuns y ckxkvknlas uok`nln nc sur lg cn

glk`n`kðh.

lg adpastnjg ha hg`gsktnh lg nonstg`kdkghta lg niun, par ca unc ha sgrîh hg`gsn-

rkas irnhlgs vacúdghgs lg niun. Gc vacudgh tatnc lg niun bn skla ncùcnla n pnrtkr

lg cn lgdnhln pradglka lknrkn lg cn glk`n`kðh gh uh pgrkala lg euh`kahndkghta lg

>5 barns lknrkns. Gs nsä qug gc vacudgh dîxkda lg ncdn`ghndkghta lgc kstgrhn lg

niun patnocg gs lg ?66 d 0.

@ada pnrtg lgc lksgþa sustghtnocg lg cn pcnhtn y ada dglka lg nbarra lg niun, sg

bn lksgþnla uh skstgdn lg niun patnocg khlgpghlkghtg nc skstgdn lg niuns irksgs y

ok c l k l k c l c kck l l b



g. Khstncn`kahgs lg niun pcuvknc.

Lgslg cn aogrturn dgtîck`n sg pra`glgrî n cn rgàcg``kðh lg niun lurnhtg cas dgsgs

lg ccuvkn. Cn pghlkghtg lg 0?¶ lg cas prkdns trknhiucnrgs lg tg`ba pgrdktg lkrg`-

`kahnr gc niun bn`n tuogräns uok`nlns lgonja lg cns gstru`turns dgtîck`ns. Dglknhtg

onjnlns lg ccuvkn uok nlns gh cas gjgs gstru`turncgs y àcudhns sg pra`glg n rgàcg`-

tnr gc niun bn`kn uhn tuogrän ghtrnc qug krî n cas okactras lg niun pnrn su pastgrkar

ncdn`ghndkghta gh kstgrhn. N trnvës lg cns oadons bklrahgudîtk`ns gc niun palrî

sgr utkckznln pnrn rkgia a gh cas khalaras y urkhnrkas.

e. Pkstgdn ahtrn kh`ghlkas.

Pg aca`nrî incgräns ahtrn kh`ghlkas gh lkstnh`kns ha dnyargs n 56 d., nonstg`klns

lkrg`tndghtg par gc kstgrhn lg niun patnocg ah ahgxkðh lg gdgrigh`kn nc kstgrhn

lg niun ctrnln uok`nlas gh sðtnha. \alns cns tuogräns krîh aùctns gh gc encsa kgca

rnsa y/a gh cns gstru`turn dgtîck`n lg tg`ba, gstns sgrîh lg dgtnc ah n``gsarkas

lg orah`g y uhkahgs ras`nlns. Pg bn ahsklgrnla uh kh`ghlka täpkà lg ? barns lglurn`kðh.

i. Pncklns.

Cns ncturns gh cns sncklns lg cas npnrntas snhktnrkas sah cns skiukghtgs:

- Cnvntarka 57 `d. saorg HV\

- Khalara ah vîcvucn ux 50 `d. saorg HV\

- Wrkhnrkas ah vîcvucn ux >?2 `d. saorg HV\

- Lu`bns >26 `d. saorg HV\

>7.9 Khstncn kahgs gcë`trk`ns

Gc prayg`ta lg khstncn`kahgs gcë`trk`ns bn skla gcnoarnla gh onsg n las skstgdns lgighgrn`kðh gcë`trk`n:

Gc prkdgra gs cn ghgriän gcë`trk`n ahvgh`kahnc aotghkln n pnrtkr lg cn rgl lg lks-

trkou`kðh prkdnrkn lg cn Pa`kglnl Gcë`trk`n lgc Pur Agstg P.N., uyns tarrgs lg nctn

tghskðh pnsnh par gh dglka lgc tgrrgha.

Juhta n gstns tarrgs sg bn ahstrukla uhn suo-gstn`kðh gcë`trk`n lg irnh tndnþa, lg-

niuns okactrnlns. Irn`kns n gsta, sg palrî rg`k`cnr taln gc niun utkckznln gh lu`bns

y cnvndnhas qug cugia lg pnsnr par cas okactras lg niun khstncnlas gh gc ?la sðtnha

krîh n uh kstgrhn lg niuns irksgs.

N Vnrtkr lg gstg kstgrhn, gc niun sgrî oadognln BKL_AHGWDÎ\K@NDGH\G bn-

`kn talas cas khalaras y urkhnrkas lgc glk`ka y bn`kn tadns lg rginla qug hncdgh-

tg lgs`nrinrîh sus rgskluas (niuns hgirns) n uh acg`tar qug ahg`tn lkrg`tndghtg

àh cn pcnhtn lg \rntndkghta lg Ckxkvknlas. Gc vacudgh dîxkda lg ncdn`ghndkghta

lgc kstgrhn lg niun irksgs gs lg >97 d 0.

N trnvës lg skstgdn lg oadoga nskstkla y/a par irnvglnl talns cns niuns hgirns trn-

tnlns, sg nuhnrîh n cas ckxkvknlas trntnlas lgc rgccgha snhktnrka y sgrvkrîh ada niun

lg rginläa lg talns cns îrgns ckorgs y zahns hnturncgs.

Ekhncdghtg, gh taln cn aogrturn dgtîck`n lg tg`ba sg bn lksgþnla uh skstgdn lg

rgàcg``kðh lg niun pcuvknc cn unc sgrî lkrkikln bn`kn cas okactras lg niun uok`nlas

gh gc ?la sðtnha pnrn su pastgrkar usa àda niun lg rginläa a gh cas khalaras y

urkhnrkas lg cn glk`n`kðh.

>7.5.? Khstncn kahgs adprghlklns

Cns khstncn`kahgs sg bnrîh lg nùgrla n cas pcnhas y tnc y ada sg khlk`n gh cn prg-

sghtg dgdarkn.

n. Khstncn`kahgs lg niun patnocg pnrn lu`bns y cnvndnhas.

.Gqukpa lg kstgrhn y oadons bklrahgudîtk`ns qug oadognrîh uhn prgskðh ahstnhtg

n nln uha lg cas puhtas lg snckln.

o. Khstncn`kahgs lg rgàja niuns irksgs.

._gàigrîh taln gc niun pravghkghtg lg lu`bns y cnvndnhas, rg-lkrkikëhlacns bn`kn

cas okactras g niun y pastgrkardghtg nc kstgrhn lg niuns irksgs y niuns pcuvkncgs.

`. Khstncn`kahgs lg niun ectrnln pnrn khalaras, urkhnrkas y rkgia.

Cns oadons bklrahgudîtk`ns oadognrîh uhn prgskðh ahstnhtg n nln uha lg cas

puhtas lg snckln lgslg cn `kstgrhn lg niun ctrnln, gh cn ùnc lgog àhtracnrsg cn

`nhtklnl lg dntgrkn okacðik`n gh suspghskðh.

l. Khstncn`kahgs lg lgsnióg y vghtkcn`kðh.

<>7 <>5

gcë`trk`n gh nc njn lg tadn, gstn lgrkvn cn ghgriän n atrn pgqugþn suo-gstn`kðh qug

rglkrkig ghgriän lg dglkn tghskðh bn`kn cn dnqukhnrän khlustrknc y n su vgz cn trnhs-

eardn gh onjn tghskðh pnrn su usa gh gc glk`ka nldkhkstrntkva y lg vksktnhtgs.

N gstn suo-gstn`kðh tndokëh ahvgrig cn rgl lg ghgriän eatavactnk`n pnrn qug pugln

sgr lkrkikln n tala gc glk`ka. @ada yn bgdas dgh`kahnla, cn eughtg prkh`kpnc lg

ghgriän sgrî cn eatavactnk`n y sk ccginla gc nsa gstn eugrn khsu`kghtg, rg`këh sg bnrî

usa lg cn rgl lg nckdghtn`kðh pravghkghtg lg cn rgl lg PGNC.

lk`nln n ghtrginr uhn arrkghtg lg 026/??6 U. N.@. n talns y nln uhn lg cns pcnhtns

khlustrkncgs. Nsä dksda, sg bn ahstrukla uhn pcnhtn lg trnhseardn`kðh lg ins lg

vgrtglgra gh ghgriän gcë`trk`n qug ha saca orkhlnrî ghgriän n cns zahns khlustrkncgs,

skha qug gh nsa lg gx`glghtgs palrî vghlgrcn n cn prapkn gdprgsn prgstnlarn lg

sgrvk`kas.

Cn sgiuhln eughtg lg ghgriän pravghlrî lg cas pnhgcgs eatavactnkàs khstncnlas gh

cn aogrturn dgtîck`n y qug pralu`krîh ghgriän su`kghtg pnrn uorkr cns hg`gskln-

l cë t k l c lk k l k k t tk l k kt t k b l c l l



Whn vgz qug cn ghgriän sncg lgc cn suo-gstn`kðh uok`nln gh gc glk`ka, sg nonstg`g nc

tnocgra ighgrnc. Lgslg nbä sg ahtracnh talns cns ccnvgs lg khtgrrup`kðh lg cn pcnhtn

lg khariîhkàs y ariîhkàs. Ekhncdghtg taln cn ghgriän pnsn bn`kn cns njns lg lkstrk-

ou`kðh y `njns lg pnsa, bnstn ccginr n cas tnocgras uok`nlas gh `nln ndokghtg, lahlg

sg ghùghtrnh cas krùktas lg cas lkegrghtgs nrtgen`tas n ahg`tnr.

Cn khstncn`kðh sgrî gdpatrnln gh tuogrän lg dntgrknc pcîstkà pgsnla hardnckznlns y

enork`nlns pnrn khstncn`kahgs gcë`trk`ns ah tuogrän pcîstk`n, cas nocgs sgrîh lg aorg

àh laocg rgùorkdkghta ah uhn ahlu`tkvklnl lgc ;6% gh lkegrghtgs lkîdgtras

(sgiúh sgn gc nsa) sgiúh gc @ðlkia Hn`kahnc lg Gcg`trk`klnl (@.H.G.). \alas cas n`-

`gsarkas, ccîdghsg tadns lg arrkghtg, khtgrruptargs y tnocgras lg lkstrkou`kðh sgrpnh

lg skstgdn tgrdadnihëtkà, g krîh gdpatrnlas lghtra lg `njns dgtîck`ns, enork`nlns

y hardnckznlns par gc @.H.G

Ekhncdghtg, cns khstncn`kahgs n gxtgrkargs sg bn`gh par tkgrrn, gstns khstncn`kahgs sah

utkckznlns pnrn kcudkhnr cas gxtgrkargs lg cas glk`kas y pnrn ncudornr cns prkh`kpncgs

väns vgbkùcnrgs y pgntahncgs y qug sgrîh dnhgjnlns lgslg gc tnocgra ighgrnc uok`n-la gh gc sgiuhla sðtnha lgc glk`ka.

lgs gcë`trk`ns lgc glk`ka nldkhkstrntkva y lg vksktnhtgs, skh bn`gr usa lg cn rgl lg

nckdghtn`kðh ahvgh`kahnc.

n. Pkstgdn lg pnhgcgs eatavactnkàs daha`rkstnckhas.

259 pnhgcgs eatavactnkàs daha`rkstnckhas [ABMAH® [G5><6D khstncnlas gh

>>66 d? lg tg`ba pralu`krîh uh npraxkdnla lg 27? Mwb par län qug sgrvkrîh pnrn

ùorkr cn lgdnhln gcë`trk`n hg`gsnrkn gh gc glk`ka.

\aln cn ghgriän pralu`kln sgrî nùducnln gh uhn sgrkg lg ontgräns lkspugstns gh gc

sgiuhla sðtnha y dglknhtg uh ahvgrtklar y ighgrnlar ghgriëtkà sgrîh nldkhkstrn-

ln dglknhtg tnocgras gcë`trkàs n cn rgl ighgrnc lg gcg`trk`klnl.

o. _gl lg nckdghtn`kðh ahvgh`kahnc lgslg suogstn`kðh.

Whn cähgn pravghkghtg lgslg cn suo-gstn`kðh ghtrnc sg sudnrî n cn rgl lg ghgriän ea-

tavactnk`n pnrn pravggr lg ghgriän gcë`trk`n talns cns pcnhtns khlustrkncgs. Whn cähgn

suotgrrîhgn ahg`tn lkrg`tndghtg n cas tnocgras lg lkstrkou`kðh gh lahlg gcg`trðhk`n-dghtg sg ahtracn cn lkstrkou`kðh ghgriëtk`n sgiúh sgn hg`gsktnln.

Gh nsa qug cn ghgriän eatavactnk`n enccg, ghtrnrî gh euh`kahndkghta nc rgl lg nck-

dghtn`kðh ahvgh`kahnc y sk gh nsa gxtrgda gstn enccnrn, sg ughtn ah uh irupa

gcg`trðigha lg onjn gdkskðh saharn qug supckrî talns cns hg`gsklnlgs ghgriëtk`ns

enctnhtgs.

Cn rgl lg nocgnla khtgrha sg ccgvnrî n noa n trnvës lg uhn sgrkg lg tuogräns incvn-

hkznlns nhnckznlns n trnvës lg cas lu`tas uok`nlas juhta nc pnskcca gh nln hkvgc.

`. _gl lg ncudornla y tadnàrrkghtgs.

Pg bn prayg`tnla uh skstgdn lg ncudornla y tadnàrrkghtgs gdpatrnlas. Nlk ka-

hncdghtg sg bnh prgvksta krùktas lg rgsgrvn pnrn sgr utkckznlas gh nsa lg sksda,

kh`ghlka a lgsnstrg ada pnrtg lgc skstgdn lg kcudkhn`kðh lg gdgrigh`kn.Gc skstgdn adprghlg tuogräns, lu`tas incvnhkznlas, njns lg pnsg, tnocgras lg lks-

trkou`kðh, njns lg snckln lg ncudornla, tadnàrrkghtgs g khtgrruptargs.

l. Euh`kahndkghta ighgrnc lgc skstgdn

Pg bn lksgþnla uh skstgdn lg kcudkhn`kðh lkrg`tn ah nrtgen`tas uargs`ghtgs y

cîdpnrn kh`nhlgs`ghtgs.

\ala gc skstgdn sg khk`kn ah cn nàdgtkln prkh`kpnc pravghkghtg lg cn suo-gstn`kðh

<>9 <>2

Okockairneän

Ckoras & laùdghtas sgrknlas y ha sgrknlas

- NNUU. gt.nc. (?66<) –Lk``kahnrka Dgtîpacks lg Nrquktg`turn Nvnhznln - @kulnl y tg`hacaiän ghcn sa`kglnl lg cn Kheardn`kðh— . Gspnþn: N`tnr.

NN UU gt nc (?66<) –Iuän \ë`hk`n pnrn cn `cnusurn y ` ahvgrskðh lg oatnlgras lg rgskluas

- KHGK. (?662) –Vgrc Pa`ka-lgdairîà lgc Vgrú ‐ @ghsas Hn`kahncgs ?669, RK lg Vaocn`kðh&UK lg Ukvkghln— . Ckdn - Vgrú: KHGK.

- JN_NDKCCA Jarig (?66?) –Iuän pnrn gc lksgþa àhstru``kðh y apgrn`kahgs lg _gccghas



- NN.UU. gt.nc. (?66<) Iuän \ë`hk`n pnrn cn cnusurn y ahvgrskðh lg oatnlgras lg rgskluassðcklas— . Ckdn - Vgrú: @AHND - ADP - AVP - @GVKP.

- NNUU. gt.nc. (?669) _gvkstn KH @ADDAH ‐ K. n+t. Ha. ?7. Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn: N+\.

- NNUU. gt.nc. (?669) _gvkstn KH @ADDAH ‐ KU. n+t. Ha. ?2. Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn: N+\

- NNUU. gt.nc. (>;;;) _gvkstn U ÄN N_^WK\G@\W_N 67 - –Kherngstru`turns— . Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn:@acgika lg Nrquktg`tas lg cn @aduhklnl Uncgh`knhn.

- NNUU. gt.nc. (?665) –Ugrtglgra lg Ergsb Mkccs—. _gvkstn EW\W_G N_^WK\G@\W_NP Ha.>6.Dnlrkl - Gspnþn: Euturg Gl.

- NNUU. gt.nc. Bkpðtgsks lgc pnksnjg 67-65. Nrightkhn: K+p. (Gl). KPOH: ;92-;29->027-60-<.

- ÎONCAP, K. & BG__G_AP, J. (?666) –_g`k`cnhla Dnlrkl— . (>rnGl). Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn: N`tnr. KPOH: 2<-;7?90-<?-R.

- ÎONCAP, K. & BG__G_AP, J. & JN_NDKCCA, Îhigc. (?66?) –Nrquktg`turn Apgrîtk`n: Vcnhtnlg _g`k`cnjg lg _gskluas Wronhas— . _gvkstn N_MKHMN Ha.20-A`tuorg. Ckdn - Vgrú: Nrmkhmn.

- NDOP, Gdkcy. (?669) –Cnhls`npgs ae \rnhseardntkah—. (D.Nr`b. \bgsks). DK\ - Dnssn`busgtts

Khstktutg ae \g`bhacaiy. P`baac ae Nr`bktg`turg nhl Vcnhhkhi. Lgpnrtdght ae Nr`bktg`turg.@ndorklig DN, WPN.

- NHAH[DAWP. (>;;>) –>;;> Ppg`k`ntkahs @ntncai-Oncgrs— , Dnhnigdght ae Yarcl Ynstgs,pp.95.

- NP\KIN__NIN, Ghgma. (?662) –Bgrrndkghtns pnrn cn praspg`tkvn tgrrktarknc Vcnhk`n`kðhGstrntëik`n lg @kulnlgs— . Whkvgrsklnl lg Lgusta. Okcona - Gspnþn.

- ON[G_ + @W__GH\N. (Khlustrkgs Pgrvk`gs). (?669) –Kh`khgrntkah Vcnhts—, –Cnhlcc sktgs—,–Pahlgrnoenccvgrorghhuhi— y –Pystgdntk` Ynstg Dnhnigdght— ]EaccgtasT. Ugrskðh gh Gspnþac:–Vcnhtns lg Kh`khgrn`kðh— . Cgvgrmusgh - Igrdnhy: Onygr NI.

- @AHND. (?66<) –Iuän \ë`hk`n pnrn cn cnusurn y ahvgrskðh lg Oatnlgras lg _gskluasPðcklas— . Ckdn ‐ Vgrú: AVP/ADP-@GVKP.

- @A_HGCC WHKUG_PK\[. (?669) –\axk`kty ae pgstk`klgs. Vgstk`klg en`t sbggts nhl tutarknc,dalucg <— . Vgstk`klg Pnegty Glu`ntkah Vrairnd. _gùpgrnla gh a`tuorg >6, ?669.

- LPH[. (Hgw [arm @kty Lgpnrtdght ae Pnhktntkah).(?662) –Ergsb Mkccs Vnrm, Lrnet Ighgrk`Ghvkrahdghtnc Kdpn`t Ptntgdght— . Hgw [arm, WPN: LPH[.

- EAH\NHG\ P, C. & VAUGLN I, V. (>;;;) –Igstkðh lg _gskluas Wronhas - Dnhunc \ë`hkà ylg _ëikdgh Jurälkà— (>rn Gl). Gspnþn: Gxckorks.

- BAWIB, Dk`bngc. (>;;7) (>;;2). –@ktkgs nhl Hnturnc Vra`gss— . Cahlah - Ghicnhl: _autcglig(Gl.). Ugrskðh nstgccnhn: –Hnturncgzn y @kulnl— . Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn: Iustnva Ikck (Gl.)KPOH: 2<-?7?->50?-R

JN_NDKCCA, Jarig. (?66?) Iuän pnrn gc lksgþa, ahstru``kðh y apgrn`kahgs lg _gccghasPnhktnrkas Dnhuncgs– . Whkvgrsklnl lg Nhtkaqukn, @acadokn: AVP / @GVKP - AVP / ADP.

- CNOA_, AHI. (?662). –Gstulka Igacðikà, Igatë`hkà g Bklraigacðikà pnrn gc _gccghaPnhktnrka lg ugornln Bahln— . Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: AHI Cnoar.

- CNOA_, AHI. (?662). –Gstulka lg Kdpn`ta Ndokghtnc pnrn gc _gccgha Pnhktnrka lg ugornlnBahln— . Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: AHI Cnoar.

- DN__N@@KHK, Dnrà. (?665). –_nlk`nc _gusg: erad tbg Pupgruaus ta tbg Gxquksktg— . (Dnr`b.\bgsks). DK\ - Dnssn`busgtts Khstktutg ae \g`bhacaiy. P`baac ae Nr`bktg`turg nhl V cnhhkhi.Lgpnrtdght ae Nr`bktg`turg. @ndorklig DN, WPN.

- DKHPN & LKIGPN. (>;;2)–Nhîcksks Pg`tarknc lg _gskluas Pðcklas lgc Vgrú— . Vgrú:AVP/ADP-@GVKP.

- DAWPPNUK, Enrsbkl.(?6>6). –\bg Euh`tkah ae Eard— . Gspnþn: N`tnr - WPN: Bnrvnrl Whkvgrskty,IPL Irnluntg P`baac ae Lgskih. KPOH: ;92-2<;5;7<90>.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?669). –Nlgùn`kðh lgc Vcnh Lkrg`tar Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn ?66?-?6>7 nc _gicndghta lg Nàhlk`kahndkghta \grrktarknc yLgsnrracca Wronha— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?662). –Gstulka lg prg-en`tkokcklnl lg cnHugvn Vcnhtn lg \rnhsegrgh`kn lg __PP— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?662). –Gstulka lg prg-en`tkokcklnl lgc Hugva_gccgha Pnhktnrka pnrn Nrgqukpn ‐ ugornln Bahln— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?662). –Vgrc pnrn cn _gnckzn`kðh lgc _gccghaPnhktnrka gh ugornln Bahln— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?66?). –Vcnh Lkrg`tar Nrgqukpn Dgtrapacktnhn?66?-?6>7— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?66<). –Vcnh Khtgirnc lg Igstkðh lg _gskluasPðcklas VKIN_P ‐ Nrgqukpn— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- DWHK@KVNCKLNL V_AUKH@KNC LG N_G^WKVN. (?667). –Vgrspg`tkvns lgc Dglka NdokghtgWronha: IGA Nrgqukpn— . (>rn Gl.). Nrgqukpn - Vgrú: DVN.

- HGWEG_\, Grhst. (>;;9) –Nrtg lg prayg`tnr Nrquktg`turn— . (><vn Gl.- ?ln \krnln), Onr`gcahn -Gspnþn: Iustnva Ikck. KPOH: ;52-229-009-0.

- HIW[GH, Gckznogtb D., (?669). –Ynstkhi \kdg: N Cgksurg Khernstru`turg ear n Dgin-Cnhlcc—.

(Dnr`b. \bgsks). DK\ - Dnssn`busgtts Khstktutg ae \g`bhacaiy. P`baac ae Nr`bktg`turg nhlVcnhhkhi. Lgpnrtdght ae Nr`bktg`turg. @ndorklig DN, WPN.

- _KOGK_A N., Daksës & ON_KNHK O., CKGLK C. (?669). –Vnvkdghta gàcðikà: udn apéàa pnrnn pnvkdghtnéàa lg Ukns lns irnhlgs kulnlgs— . Pàa Vnuca - Ornskc. WPV ‐ Whkvgrsklnl lgPàa Vnuca. Lgpnrtndghta lg Khighkgrän @kvkc.

<>; <?6

- bttp://www.warlrgegrgh`g.àd/gs/

- bttp://www.dkcknrkud.àd

- bttp://prn`tk`ncn`tkah.ari/la`s/tg`bhk`ncQkheardntkahQsgrvk`g/rg`y`ckhiQarinhk`Qwnstg.ple

- bttp://www0.uvn.gs/``Qnirae/gq?@adp.>.la`

- bttp://www.tnrsn?669.àd/àdpastnjg\uhgcgs.btdc

- bttp://www.dgtraàdpast.àd/gs/rgegrgh`kns><.btd

Kdîighgs

- PÎH@BGZ, Cuks G. (>;;7) –Dnhgja lg _gskluas Pðcklas lg Dkhgrän— . Vuock`nla gh –Nspg`tasIgacðikàs lg Vratg``kðh Ndokghtnc—, 6>(6>). WHGP@A. pp. ?0; - ?76. Lgpnrtndghta lgGhighbnrkn lg Dkhns, Gsàcn Vacktë`hk`n ln Whkvgrsklnl lg P àa Vnuca. Ornskc.

- P\GKHOG_I, Ecarknh, (Vb.L.) & @WONP, @nrcas - (Pa`.) (?669) –Vcnhk`n`kðh Gstrntëik`n— ._attgrlnd, Bacnhln. Khstktutg ear Bauskhi nhl Wronh Lgvgcapdght Ptulkgs (KBP), Ghàcnoarn`kðh ah cn Pg``kðh lg Vast Irnla lg cn Enùctnl lg Nrquktg`turn lg cn WHK.

- \@BAONHAICAWP I., \BGKPGH B. & UKIKC P.N. (>;;<) –Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluasPðcklas— Gspnþn: DÌrnw Bkcc.

[GNHI Mghhgtb (>;;;) –Lgskhikhi wktb Hnturg: \bg Gàcaik`nc Onsks ear Nr`bktg`turnc



- Noncas & Bgrrgras Nrquktg`tas. ?666.

- N_I Lgskih & Ugrdah @accks. ?665.

- NUGN Idob. Cgvgrmusgh. Ncgdnhkn. ?6>6.

- Ontccg k _aki Nrquktg`tgs. ?6>6.

- Onygr - @urrghtn. Cgvgrmusgh. Igrdnhy. ?6>6.

- Ogegsn. P.N. ?66<.

- @ntgrVkccnr ® . ?6>6.

- @auhty Pnhktntkah Lkstrk`ts ae Cas Nhigcgs @auhty. WPN.

- LGKPN. Lgsnrrracca lg Gqukpas Khlustrkncgs P.N. - Nrightkhn. ?6>6.

- Lkgia Patadnyar (Nhtrapðcaia lg cn Vahtkeä`kn Whkvgrsklnl @ntðck`n lgc Vgrú).

- Lkhis @a. Dnihgtk`, Iraup.?6>6.

- L_N@G Dglkandokghtg. Onr`gcahn ?6>6.

- Gàskstgdn Wronha Nrquktg`tas.

- Ekgcl Apgrntkahs Cnhls`npkhi.

- Eastgr & Vnrthgrs Nr`bktg`ts.

- BPD ®. www.bsd.gu. ?6>6.

- KHIGDDG\. Khstktuta Igacðikà Dkhgra y Dgtncúrikà.

- Juhtn lg @nckearhkn pnrn cn Igstkðh Khtgirnc lg _gskluas.

- Mkt`bgh _g`cy`cg Okhs - Whktgl M khilad.

- Cntz uhl Vnrthgrs Cnhls`bnetsnr`bktgmtur. ?662.

- Dnssn`busgtts Khstktutg ae \g`bhacaiy. ?66;. DK\ Vrgss oaams. Vra`gsskhi : n prairnddkhi

bnhloaam ear vksunc lgskihgrs nhl nrtksts / @nsgy _gns & Ogh Ery = eargwarl oy Jabh Dngln.

- Dgincux Caiksdnrmgt. ?6>6.

- Duhk`kpka dgtrapacktnha lg \arahta, Lgpnrtndghta lg Aorns Vúock`ns. @nhnln.

- Vughtg Bkccs Cnhlcc. Pnhktntkah Lkstrk`ts ae Cas Nhigcgs @auhty. ?6>6.

- _@K_ Dnlrkl. ?6>6.

- _gsgnr`b @attrgcc Kh`

- [GNHI, Mghhgtb. (>;;;). Lgskhikhi wktb Hnturg: \bg Gàcaik`nc Onsks ear Nr`bktg`turncLgskih— . Hgw [arm - WP N: DÌrnw. Ugrskah nstgccnhn: –Vrayg`tnr ah cn Hnturncgzn: Onsgsgàcðik`ns pnrn gc prayg`ta nrquktg`tðhkà— . Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn: Iustnva Ikck.

KPOH: 2<-?7?->950-5.- [GNHI, Mghhgtb. (>;;;). –\bg Irggh Pmys`rnpgr: \bg Onsks ear Lgskihkhi Pustnkhnocg

Khtghskvg Oukclkhis— . Duhk`b, Cahlah, Hgw [arm: Vrgstgc Ugrcni. Ugrskðh nstgccnhn (?66>):–Gc _ns`n`kgcas Gàcðikà— . Onr`gcahn - Gspnþn: Iustnva Ikck. KPOH: 2<-?7?->200-6.

Cgygs y rgicndghtas

- Nùgrla Duhk`kpnc Hº ?5-?666, khs`rktn gh `bn Hº <607;5 lgc rgikstra lg cn Vrapkglnl

Khdugocg lg cn A`khn _gikstrnc _gikahnc lg Nrgqukpn.

- Nùgrla Duhk`kpnc H¶ 62>-?662-DVN. Npraon`kðh lg àhstru``kðh lg prayg`tas lg igstkðh

lg rgskluas y niuns rgskluncgs.

- Lg`rgta Cgikscntkva 72<, puock`nla gc >2/6</;6.

- Lg`rgta Cgikscntkva 979, puock`nla gc >0/>>/;>.

- Lg`rgta Cgikscntkva 995, nrtäùca ;>.

- Lg`rgta Puprgda L.P. H¶679-?66<-V@D, Nrt. 59¶ (Vgrú) y hardns khtgrhn`kahncgs lg cn ADP.

- Lg`rgta Puprgda L.P. 669-27-U@, _gicndghta lg Nàhlk`kahndkghta \grrktarknc, Lgsnrracca

Wronha y Dglka Ndokghtg, Nrtäùca 7<.

- Cgy ?0270, Cgy Ariîhk`n lg Duhk`kpncklnlgs (CAD), puock`nln gc 6;/65/2<.

- Cgy ?52<?. Cgy Ighgrnc lg Pncul (CIP).

- Cgy ?90><. Cgy Ighgrnc lg _gskluas (CI_).

- Cgy ?25>>. Cgy Ighgrnc lgc Ndokghtg (CIN).

- Cgy ?2?<7. Cgy Dnrà lgc P kstgdn lg Igstkðh ndokghtnc.

- A`ka Hº 00<7-?66?-@\N_/VG-LK_PN / LI-LN\-LGPN: Gc Dkhkstgrka lg Pncul.

- Arlghnhzn Duhk`kpnc Hº >56 lgc nþa ?66?.

- _gicndghta lg Nsga uronha (_NW)

thesis dissertation - systemic recycling: urban waste treatment & final disposal facilities for...

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