高分子材料工程专业英语(2)

材料科学与工程学院高分子材料系

2014年1月20日，第十周

李文

结论中的话

Abstract writing

一般不这些写这两句话不是一个意思吗？

再丰富些就好了

把课文的每段开头句子综合在一起，也没抓住重点

部分摘录

逻辑性有问题

没抓住重点

没抓住重点

太细致了逻辑有问题

不是本文重点哦

没有看懂文章

应是本文作者自己介绍自己的工作

?????

????????????

都没能理解文章意思

A series of hyperbranched polyethers with backbone thermoresponsiveness

were firstly reported in the present work. They were synthesized through one-

step proton transfer polymerization of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDE)

and various triols. Their architectures were confirmed by 1H NMR

spectroscopy and their molecular weight were determined by GPC. These

polymers display unique thermoresponsive behavior which were followed by

UV/Vis spectroscopy. It was found that their LCSTs could be tuned in the

range of 19.0 to 40.3oC by adjusting either the ratio of different triols or the

ratio of BDE to triols. Due to a large number of functional groups at the chain

end, these hyperbranced polymers could be further modified and have

potential application in many areas.

Abstract

Contents and aims of this lecture

通过对高分子材料加工等方面的原版文章学习(Part C)，进一步加强和拓展本专业重要词汇以及科技英文句型。其它重要的专业英语知识科技论文的阅读、翻译、写作和发表。

教学内容

通过本课程的学习，进一步提高高分子专业英语的听说读写能力，为毕业论文和以后从事本专业的工作打下基础。

教学目的

科技英语的特点：

转化法

1. 词汇方面： 专有名词多，多源于希腊语和拉丁语，有规律可循（构词法）

词缀法：前缀（Prefix），词根（base, root）和后缀（suffix）

2、句子方面：语法较为简单多用被动语态，从句等。大量使用名词化结构和非限定动词（不定式短语，-ing分词短语和-ed分词短语)代替从句，使行文简练，结构紧凑。

3. 形态方面：多用现在时和过去时。多用逻辑性语法词，如表示原因用because of, due to (owing to)，表示转折用but, however, nevertheless,

表逻辑顺序用therefore, thus, so, furthermore, in addition to等。

4. 文体方面：注重逻辑性、结构清晰、表达准确流畅，避免行文晦涩、过多用修辞手法以及表露个人感情。

注重对客观事实的简单、准确描述

summary

1. Glass Transition Temperature (Unit 10)

2. Polymer Processing (Unit 23)

3. Mechanical Properties of Polymers (Unit 24)

4. Thermal Properties of Polymers (Unit 25)

5. Polymer Melts (Unit 26)

6. General Aspects of Polymer Degradation (Unit 28)

7. Synthetic Plastics (Unit 29)

8. Synthetic Rubber (Unit 30)（自学）

9. Other Scientific Papers (Thermoresponsive hyperbranched

polymers, JACS, 2006)

一、课文(texts)

1)每节课的重要词汇glass transition temperature Tg, flow temperature Tf,,rubbery state, viscoelastic state,

segment, shape, (two) dimension, extrusion, molding, calendering, coating,

thermoforming, viscoelastic deformation, solidification, blow moulding, microstructure,

mechanical property，modulus, compliances, elastic parameters, bend, torsion, tensile

modulus，phase angle, loss angle, complex moduli, storage moduli, loss moduli

2)课文讲解和翻译带有前缀或后缀的词汇、意思相近或相反的词汇、重要短语、重要句型

3）课后练习

Temperature (oC), concentration,(mol/L),volume (L, mL)

question mark 问号, comma 逗号, period 句号, ＜ is less than 小于号＞ is more than 大于号

二、其它重要符号、缩写和单位的表示方法

i.e. id est = that is （即，也就是）etc. et cetera = and so on (等等，不用于指人)

et al. et alii = and others (等人)

e. g. exempli gratia = for example （例如）

三、聚合物的分类

按性质和用途: rubber 橡胶, fiber 纤维, plastic 塑料, coating 涂料， adhesive 粘合剂

按应用功能: commodity polymer 通用高分子, functional polymer 功能高分子,

biomimetic polymer 仿生高分子, biomedical polymer 生物医用高分子,

Intelligent polymer 智能高分子

按结构:linear polymer, homopolymer, block copolymer,branched polymer,

dendritic polymer, cyclic polymer, crosslinked polymer

四、前缀和后缀（Prefix and Suffix in Polymer Science）

五、Glasswares and Tools in the Lab

round bottom flask funnel beaker graduated cylinder

六、Nomenclature of Inorganic compound, Organic Compounds

1. 数字前缀：mono-（一）, bi-(di-)（二）, tri-（三）, tetra-（四）…

2. 各种基团、基团的数目: poly-(聚,多), macro-(大的、宏观), micro-(微的), methyl-(甲基), ethyl-(乙基), propyl-(丙基), mono- uni- (单, 一), di- bi- bis- (双, 两). ..

3.常见的后缀:-ene(烯烃的后缀), -ane(烷烃的后缀), -yl(基), -ylene(亚基), -ide(化合物的后缀), -ate(盐或酯基的后缀), -ester(酯), -amide(酰胺), -ether(醚)…

H, C, F, Cl, Ni, Fe, Cu…

Acid (HCl), Base(NaOH, Triethylamine),Salt(Na2CO3),Alkane(ethane乙烷)，Alkene(ethylene),aromatic compound (benzene),ether and alcohol(diethyl ether,

glycol), ketone and aldehyde (acetone)….

七、Nomenclature of Polymeric Compounds，Polymerization Techniques and

Characterization Methods

Polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, polyether,聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚氯乙烯，聚丙烯酸，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯…

Polymer chemistry: radical, initiator, propagation, termination, polymerization, emultion

polymerization, kinetics, anionic polymerization…

Polymer physics:degree of polymerization, kinetic chain length, molecular weight distribution…

NMR, GPC, UV/Vis…

九、Introduction of Scientific Articles (Structure, Finding & Reading)

十、Scientific paper publishing (aim, process, ethics…)

八、翻译技巧、阅读方法和摘要撰写，翻译练习（英译汉和汉译英）翻译：信、达、雅；理解，表达，校核三个阶段阅读：理解每部分的目的摘要：抓住文章重点

考试时间：2月3日（周二）中午11:45-13:45地点：DJ103教室

注意事项：1.开卷考试2.能带书，笔记和词典（电子词典亦可），不能使用电脑、ipad和手机!3.题型包括：词汇和句子(英译汉、汉译英），其它科技论文知识点（缩写、常见有机无机化合物和聚合物命名、实验室玻璃仪器、聚合物表征方法等），段落翻译（英译汉）4.考试范围：课文，课堂扩充知识以及文献资料

Berlin, Potsdam University

苏黎世 （Zȕrich, Switzerland)

国外读高分子硕士学校

http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/chemistry/gstudy/postgraduatedegrees/polymchem/

英国华威大学 （The University of Warwick, 英国前十， QS世界大学排名第61)

MSc in Polymer Chemistry

http://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/prospectivepg/msc/index

英国谢菲尔德大学 （The University of Sheffield University, 英国前十，QS世界大学排名第69)

MSc in Polymers for Advanced Technologies

Thanks!

Wish all of you happy and

Successful during your

bachelor study!