thermo dynamics ltd. g series solar collectors · tc.201.05.jan/09 g series collector technical...

TC.201.05.JAN/09 GSeriesCollectorTechnicalSpecifications;page1of8

G SERIES Solar CollectorsGlazed Liquid Flat Plate CollectorsTechnicalSpecificationsSRCCCertification#100-2006-005A

Thermo Dynamics Ltd.101 Frazee AvenueDartmouth, Nova ScotiaCanada,B3B-1Z4Tel:(902)468-1001Fax:(902)468-1002Email:[email protected]

1.20m (47-3/8")

2.47m

(97-3/8"

)

3.08m

(121-3/8")

1.20m (47-3/8") 0.086m (3-3/8")

1.27m (50-1/8")

2.38m

(93-7/8"

)

A. General Information

1.0 Product Description:ThermoDynamicsGSeriesflatplateliquidcollectorsaresingleglazedwith low-irontempered glass. Theabsorber is an ar-rangementofparallelriserfinsconnectedtotopandbottomheaders. Thefinsarealuminumwithintegralcopperrisertubes,which are completely surrounded by thealuminumandaremetallurgicallybondedtogether. The copper riser tubes aresoldered to internalmanifolds (headers),whichareavailableineither19mm(3/4")or25mm(1")diametercopperpipe.Thebackandsidesareinsulatedwitha25mm(1") layerofcompressedfiberglass.Thecollectorframeisextrudedaluminumwithabaked-enamelfinish,(darkbrown).Collec-tormountingisbywayofaslidingbolt-track.Flushandrackedcollectormountingformatsareeasilyaccommodated.

1.1 Options:Factoryinstalledtemperaturesensors;19mm (3/4") and 25 mm (1") headers; 12mm(1/2")risertubes;absorbercoatings:selectivepaintsurface.

1.2 Dimensions:1.205mx2.475mx0.086m47-3/8inx97-3/8inx3-3/8inGrossarea:2.982m2 (32.10ft2) Aperturearea:2.783m2 (29.96ft2) Absorberarea:2.870m2 (30.90ft2)Volume(19mm(3/4")header):2.3 liter (0.51 IG)Volume(25mm(1")header):3.0liter(0.66IG)

1.3 Weight:Net:43.5kg(96lb)Shipping:64kg(140lb)(includes wooden crate)

2.0 Product Use

2.1 Product Applications:Residential and commercial domestic hot water,processhotwater, spaceheating,poolheating

2.2 Geographic and Climatic Limita-tions:None.

2.3 Certifications:Solar Rating & Cerfification Corporation(SRCC)#100-2006-005Ahttp://www.solar-rating.org

Listed by Natural Resources Canada(NRCan)asanacceptablesolarcollector.http://www.ecoaction.gc.ca

EPDMglazinggasket

low-irontemperedglass

bakedenamel(darkbrown)aluminumcapstripping

bakedenamel(darkbrown)aluminumframe

fibreglassinsulation

copper header

selectiveblackaluminum-copperabsorber

fibreglassinsulation

aluminumbackingsheet

G32



B. Glazing System

1.0 General Description:Glazingisa3.2mm(1/8")singlesheetoflow-iron tempered glass with an EPDMrubber seal around the edges. Glazingis secured by an aluminum capping fas-tened by stainless steel screws aroundthe perimeter.

1.1 Trade Names:Solite

1.2 Chemical Composition:Ironoxidecontentof0.03%

1.3 Physical Treatment:Allglazingistemperedwithswipededgesand has a shallow stipple pattern to reduce specularreflectance.

1.4 Thickness:3.18mm(1/8")

1.5 Spacing:Glazingtoabsorber:20to25mm(3/4"to1")

1.6 Weight:7.8kg/m2(1.6lb/ft2)

1.7 Appearance:Translucent;theinnersurfaceisembossedwith a stipple pattern which produces a frostedeffect.

2.0 Optical Performance

2.1 Spectral Transmittance:Visiblelight89.8%ASTME424-71AUltravioletlight51%ISO9050Solar light/energy 89.5% ASTM E424-71A

3.0 Manufacturer’s Experience

3.1 Background:ThermoDynamicsLtd. (TDL) isaCana-dian company engaged in the research,development,production,distributionandinstallation of solar thermal equipment.The company has been involved in thesolar thermal industry since 1981 andoperatesfromitsheadofficeandfactoryinDartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, the sister cityofHalifaxsituatedontheAtlanticcoast.Thecompany’sspecializationistheglazedliquid-flat-plate(LFP)collectorswithmetalabsorbers.TDLisafullyintegratedsolarthermalcompanywiththeabilitytoconvertrawaluminumandcopperintoahightech-nologysolarwaterheatingsystem.

ThermoDynamicsLtd.,asaworldleaderin solar technology, manufactures andmarkets solar heating equipment fromcompletesystemstobasicselectivesurfacecomponentsforO.E.M.’slicensees,dealersanddistributorsthroughoutNorthAmerica,Europe,Africa,NewZealand,aswellas10other countries around the world.

3.2 Production:3000 m2 peryearforG32collectors.

3.3 Projects:MountSaintVincentMotherhouse,Halifax,Nova Scotia, Canada. Largest SDHWsysteminCanada.Collectortypeandnumber:224-G32Collectorarea:675m2 (7,265ft2)1.75GJ/m2 /year(154MBtus/ft2 /year)

Topof theMountainApartments,Halifax,Nova Scotia, Canada.Collector type and number: 49 - G32;49-G40Collectorarea:328m2 (3,531ft2)1.78GJ/m2 /year(156MBtus/ft2 /year)

SomersetPlaceApartments,Halifax,NovaScotia, CanadaCollectortypeandnumber:120-G32Collectorarea:356m2 (3,332ft2)2.10 GJ/m2 /year(185MBtus/ft2 /year)

ThermoDynamicsLtd.hasinstalledthou-sandsofsolarresidentialdomestichotwaterandpoolheatingsystems. 2.2 Energy Transmission:

Solarspectrum(0-3micrometres)89.5%Infraredspectrum(>3micrometres)Nodataavailable

2.3 Refractive Index:1.525

3.0 Structural Performance

3.1 Tensile Strength:DesignPressureis2.87kPa(.416psi)for1/8inchglasswithadesignfactorof2.5.Tensilestrength is152MPa(22,000psi)witha2.5safetyfactor.

3.2 Impact Resistance:Glazing can withstand 542 J (400 ft-lb)soft-bodyimpact,3to5timesstrongerthanannealedglass.

3.3 Uniform Load Resistance:UniformloadtestingwasconductedattheNationalSolarTestFacilityinMay1986aspartofCSA-378.Positiveload:1.5kPa(0.22psi)Negativeload:1.9kPa(0.28psi)

4.0 Thermal Performance

4.1 CoefficientofThermalExpansion:89.9x10-71/°C(49.9x10-7 1/°F)

4.2 Operating Temperature Range:Min: below -46°C (-51°F); max: 260°C(500°F)

4.3 Thermal Conductivity:Nodataavailable

5.0 Fire Behavior:Non-combustible.Doesnotproducetoxicfumesinafiresituation.

6.0 Durability:Glass is chemically inert tomost chemi-cal solvents and staining agents, and isresistanttosurfaceweathering,ultravioletand thermal degradation, and moisturedamage.

400 500 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

W avelength nm

85

90

95

Transm

ittance

%

Solite




3.2 CoefficientofThermalExpansion:Absorber:nodataavailableTubes:nodataavailableToallowforthermalexpansion,theabsorberisfreetofloatwithinthecollectorcontainer.EPDM gaskets prevent contact betweenthe copper headers and the aluminum container.

3.3 Thermal Capacity of Absorber System:Nodataavailable.

3.4 Operating Temperature Range:Absorber:max.160°C(320°F)Tubes:max.160°C(320°F)Solder/Brazing:min.-50°C(-58°F);max.160°C(320°F)Coating:max.160°C(320°F)

4.0 Mechanical Integrity:Thecollectorhascompleted30-daystagna-tiontestingatTheNationalSolarTestFacility(NSTF),Mississauga,Canada,withnosignofdegradationorlossinperformance.

5.0 Durability:Theabsorberandtheselectivesurfacearenotaffectedbynormalaqueoussolutions.Stagnationtestinghasshownnothermaldegradation.

C. Absorber System

1.0 General Description:The absorber consists of eight parallelaluminum fins with integral copper risertubes,whicharebondedtoandcompletelysurroundedbythealuminumbymeansofhigh-pressure cold-rolling process. Theabsorber coating is slective black paint.The riser/header connection has two parts, ashortcoppernipplebrazedtotheheaderwiththeabsorberfinsolderedtothecop-per nipple.

1.1 Generic/Trade Names:Absorberfins:“Sunstrip™”Tubes:copperHeaders:TypeMcopperCoating:selectiveblackpaintSolder/Brazing:95/5tinantimony/Silfos

1.2 Chemical Composition:Absorber fins: aluminum (AA1350/0al-loy)Tubes:copper(CDA1220/0alloy)Headers:copperCoating:selectiveblackpaintSolder/Brazing:nodataavailable

1.3 Physical Treatment:None.

1.4 Dimensions:Tubediameter:rhombicshapewithanopenareaofabout120mm2 (0.19 in2 )Tubespacing:143mm(5.63")Headerdiameter:19ormm(3/4"or1")nominalAbsorberthickness:0.5mm(0.02")Coatingthickness:nodataavailable.

2.0 Optical Performance

2.1 Absorptivity of Solar Radiation:Paintedsurface:α=95%

2.2 Emissivity of Infrared Radiation:Paintedsurface:ε=25%


3.1 Thermal Transfer:Goodthermaltransferduetothehighcon-ductivityofaluminumandthebondbetweenthealuminumfinsandcoppertubes.

Sunstrip™solarfinAluminumstripmetalurgicallybondedtoacoppertube.

SS146/12:•143mmwide•12mmcoppertube•selectivesurface

0.35 m

m0.2

5 mm

18.0 mm

13.8mm

1.2

mm

0.5

mm

R2.0

mm

60°

9.9 mm

alum inum

copper

R4.3

5 m

m

scale: 4:1 m m

scale: 1:1 m m

143mm

Sunstrip™solarfincrosssectionSS146/12Scale:4:1mm



2.3 CoefficientofThermalExpansion:Nodataavailable

2.4 Operating Temperature Range:Maximumcontinuousoperating tempera-tureis232°C(450°F).

3.0 Fire Behavior

3.1 Surface Burning Characteristics:FiberglasAF530isinherentlyfiresafe.ULCFlameSpreadratingof15.(comparedtountreatedRedOakas100- testmethodULCS-102)

4.0 Durability:Nochangesshouldoccurtotheinsulationwhen subjected to chemicals normallyencountered in use conditions. No thermal degradationhasbeenfoundafterprolongedstagnationtesting.Moistureadsorptionislessthan0.2%byvolume,96hoursat49°C(120°F)and95%R.H.Inorganicthereforedoes not breed or promote bacteria andfungus.Essentiallyodorless.

E. Collector Assembly

1.0 General Description:Thecollectorisassembledinfourstages.First,thecollectorframeandbackingsheetareassembled.Second,thebackandsideinsulation are installed. Third, the tested absorberassemblyisinserted,andfinally,theglazing,sealandcapareinstalled.

1.1 Container:Thecontainerconsistsofsectionsofalumi-numextrusionassembledintoarectangularframe,withanaluminumbackingsheetfittedintoslotsandpop-rivetedinplace.

1.2 Insulation:Insulationisplacedonthealuminumbackandalongthesides.

1.3 Absorber Assembly:Thepre-assembledabsorberisfittedintotheinsulated container with the inlet and outlet connectionpipesprotrudingthroughthesides.Ahigh-temperatureEPDMgasketisthenfittedontothepipesandlockedintothealuminumframe.Theabsorberisfreetoexpandorcontractinsidethecontainer.

D. Insulation

1.0 General Description:Collectors are insulated around the sides andbackwithfiberglassboard.ComplieswithASTM-C-612Classes1and2.

1.1 Trade Names:Sides:FiberglasAF530Back:FiberglasAF530

1.2 Chemical Composition:Fibrousglassbondedbyathermosettingresin.Inorganic,willnotrot.

1.3 Density:48kg/m3(3.0lb/ft3)

1.4 Thickness:Side:25mm(1")Back:25mm(1")


2.1 Thermal Conductivity:0.036 W/m•°C (0.25 Btu •in/hr•ft2•°F) at24°C(75°F)

2.2 Thermal Resistance:RSI 0.7 °C•m2/W (R 4 °F•ft2•hr/Btu) at24°C(75°F)

G32 solar collector•Grossarea:2.96m2 (31.9ft2)•Net:45kg(99lb)




1.4 Glazing Assembly:Thepre-cutglassiscleanedandfittedontotheretainerledgeinthecollectorcontainerwithahigh-temperaturecontinuousEPDMgasket.Aremovablealuminumcapstrippingisthensecuredtothecontainerwithblackoxidecoatedstainlesssteelscrews.

2.0 Collector Container:Collectorcontainersidesarefabricatedfromaluminumextrusionswithanintegralmount-ingchannel.Thebottomisanaluminumsheetwhichfitsintoaslotintheframeandispop-rivetedtothesides.

2.1 Materials:Extrudedframeworkisaluminum6061-T6alloy. Thebacksheet isaluminumutilitygradesheetwithathicknessof0.51mm(.020")

2.2 Finish:Aluminumframecomesinastandarddarkbrownbakedenamelfinish.

3.0 Moisture Control System:Fourholesinthebacksheetallowsufficientairflowthroughthecollectortoremoveanycondensation or moisture.

4.0 Sealant and Gaskets

4.1 General Description:Inletandoutletpipesaresealedwithhigh-temperature round EPDM gaskets. Thecontinuousglazinggasket isaU-shapedEPDMneoprene.Siliconecaulkingisusedforthecontainercornersealant.

4.2 Chemical Composition:Headerandglazinggasket:ethylenepro-pylenedienemonomerrubber(EPDM)Caulking:siliconerubber

4.3 Physical Properties:EPDM gasket has a tensile strength of13800kPa(2000psi).Sealantsandgasketsdo not corrode other collector materials.

4.4 CoefficientofThermalExpansion:nodataavailable.

4.5 Operating Ranges:nodataavailable.

inlet

outlet

Typicaldoubletiersolarcollectorarray.24G32(3m2) solar collectorsTotalgrossareaof72m2



F. Installation

1.0 Handling and Transportation

1.1 Packaging:Collectors are shipped individually indouble-strengthcardboardboxes.

1.2 Labour and Equipment:Two people can move and mount collec-tors.

2.0 Mounting Procedure:Collectormountingchannelallowsprecisespacingbetweencollectors.Twoadjacentcollectorscanbefastenedtothesub-struc-tureusingboltspositionedanywherealongthebolttrackinthecollectorframe.

3.0 Collector Interconnection:Connection of up to four collectors in asinglearray.Collectorsusestandardcoppercouplingssweat-soldered with 95/5 solder to con-nect the internal manifolds of adjacentcollectors.

4.0 System Connection:Piping connections are sweat-solderedto the ends of the collector arrays usingstandardplumbingfittings.

5.0 Start-up Tests:i)Airorwaterpressuretestat690kPa.ii)Visualcheckforleaks.

2.1 Testing Information:Agency:BodycoteTestingGroupDate:January18,2007Fluid: water

3.0 Recommended Flow Rate:0.8to1.5L/min(0.18to0.33IGPM)

4.0 Maximum Operating Pressure:Factorytestedto1724kPa(250psi).

5.0 Recommended Operating Pres-sure:Below 200 kPa (30 psi) for drainbacksystemsand135-270kPa(20-40psi)forclosedloopsystems.

6.0 Maximum Operating Temperature:200°C (392°F)

7.0 Stagnation Temperature:Stagnationtemperatureofthecollectorisapproximately170°C(338°F).

8.0 Recommended Heat Transfer Flu-ids:PropyleneglycolUSP,foodgradeantifreezesolutionforclosedloopsystems,andwaterfordrainbackandseasonalpoolsystems.Theuseofinhibitedglycolsisnotrecom-mended. DO NOTuseethyleneglycol.

G. Operation

1.0 Method of operation and Control:Collectorscanbeusedinclosedoropenloopsystemswithwaterorantifreeze.

2.0 Pressure Drop vs. Collector Flow:

Recommended solar collector mountingmethods. Galvanized steel U

chanel (K1000)Spring nut

Bolt

3/4" Union (GU34)

Aluminum p inch clip (K1052D)

G32-P Solar Collector G32-P Solar Collector

Typical Solar Collector Connection detail

Collectorconnectionusingcoppercoupling.Collectormountingusingaluminumanglebracket.

Collectorconnectionusingbrassunion.Collectormount-ingusingaluminumpinchdownclip.

0

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0 20 40 60 80 100

Flow (mL/s)

∆P(Pa)

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0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

∆P(inH2O)

Flow (USGPM)




H. Maintenance anWarranty

1.0 Cleaning and Maintenance:Glazingshouldbeself-cleaning,depend-ingonlocalconditions.Dirtaccumulationon the glass coverwill bewashedawaybytherain.Ifcleaningisrequired,useastandardwindowcleaningagent.Theglycolantifreezesolutionshouldbecheckedan-nuallyandrenewedifnecessary.Noothermaintenanceisnormallyrequired.

2.0 Manufacturer Servicing:Atrouble-shootingguidetohelpthehome-owner maintain and service the equipment is included in the installation manual. All serviceandrepairisreadilyavailablefromthemanufacturerordistributor.

3.0 Availability of Parts:Allpartsareavailablefromthemanufactureranddistributors.

4.0 Replacement of Parts:Theglazingmaybereplacedintheinstalledsystemwithoutremovingthecollectorfromthearraybyremovingthescrewsholdingtheglazingcapstripping.Totalreplacementtimeisamaximumoffifteenminutesandrequiresonlyascrewdriver.Sensorsareclampedonoutletpipingusingscrew-typepipeclamps.Replacementtimeisapproxi-matelytenminutes.

Iftherecommendedinstallationproceduresarefollowed,onecollectormaybereplacedinthearraywithoutremovinganothercollec-tor.Collectorsareconnectedtogetherwithastandardcoppercouplings(mechanicalor soldered).

5.0 Warranty:Thesolarcollectorabsorberiswarrantedforaperiodoftenyears.Repairallowancesmay also apply. Themanufacturermayrepairorreplacetheabsorberasrequiredat his discretion.

I. Durability

1.0 Operating Experience:The G32 has been installed worldwidesince1985.

2.0 Accelerated Aging Tests:The collector has been subjected to 30dayplushightemperature(204°C;400°F)stagnationtestsattheCanadianNationalSolar Test Facility with no evidence ofdeterioration (CSA F-378). One year ofstagnationatDSETlaboratoriesinArizonawerealsoconductedin1982withnosignofdeterioration.

CFB Gagetown, New Brunswick, Canada40 - G32-P Solar collectorsSolar Domestic Hot Water

YMCA, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada40 G32-P Solar collectorsSolar Pool Heating

Thermo Dynamics Ltd, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada30 - G32-P Solar collectorsSolar Radiant Floor Heating

Residence, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada6 - G32-P Solar collectorsSolar Radiant Floor Heating, Solar Domestic Hot Water



(Ti-Ta)/G(°C•m2/W)

CollectorThermalEfficiencyAngleofIncidence(degrees)

IncidentAngleModifier

3.0 Time Constant:90sec±5secat0.0667kg/s(0.1467lb/s)

4.0 Efficiency:

Firstorderefficiencyequation:η=0.700-4.933(Ti-Ta)/G

TheGSeriesCollectorsdescribedbythisbrochure,whenproperlyinstalledandmaintained,meettheminimumstandardsestablishedbytheSRCC,(SolarRating&CertificationCorporation).ThiscertificationdoesnotimplyendorsementorwarrantyofthisproductbySRCC.

5.0 IncidentAngleModifier:K(τα) =1-0.154(1/cosθ-1)

6.0 FSEC Standard Day Tests:The following standard day tests wereperformed by The Florida Solar EnergyCenter, (FSEC).

J. CollectorEfficiency

1.0 General Description

1.1 Test Method:Tested in accordance with SRCC (Solar RatingandCertificationCorporation)100-05,"TestMethodsandMinimumStandardsforCertifyingSolarCollectors"withrefer-ence toANSI/ASHRAEStandard93andISO9806-1.

1.2 Testing Information:Agency:BodycoteTestingGroupLocation:Ontario,Canada Lat.43.53°N Long.79.66°W Elevation:160m(525ft)Date:January18,2007Web:www.bodycote.com

1.3 Details of Tested collector:Model:G32-PGlazing:low-irontemperedSoliteAbsorbermaterial:aluminumfinandtubeAbsorbercoating:SOLECpaintInsulation:fiberglassGrossarea:2.982m2 (32.10ft2)Aperturearea:2.783m2 (29.96ft2)Absorberarea:2.870m2 (30.89ft2)

1.4 Comments:Thetimeconstant,thermalefficiencyandIncidentanglemodifierweredeterminedinthe solar simulator.

2.0 Test Conditions

2.1 Collector Tilt and Orientation:Normaltothedirectionofirradiation.

2.2 Heat Transfer Fluid:Water

2.3 Liquid Flow Rate:0.059kg/s(0.13lb/s)

2.4 Mean Ambient Air Temperature:20.3°C(68.5°F)

2.5 Wind Velocity:3.2m/sec(10.5ft/sec)

2.6 insolation:808W/m2

256Btu/ft2 h

Efficiency

Megajoules Per Panel Per Day Thousands of Btu Per Panel Per Day

Category(Ti - Ta)

Clear Day23 MJ/m2•d

Mildly Cloudy17 MJ/m2•d

Cloudy Day11 MJ/m2•d

Category(Ti - Ta)

Clear Day2000 Btu/ft2•d

Mildly Cloudy1500 Btu/ft2•d

Cloudy Day1000 Btu/ft2•d

A (-5°C) 42 32 21 A (-9°F) 40 30 20

B (5°C) 37 27 17 B (9°F) 35 26 16

C (20°C) 30 20 10 C (36°F) 29 19 10

D (50°C) 17 8 1 D (90°F) 16 8 1

E (80°C) 6 E (144°F) 5

SRCC Standard Day Tests, (SRCC Standard 100-81)

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thermo dynamics ltd. g series solar collectors · tc.201.05.jan/09 g series collector technical...

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