thermal conditions within b-train trailers transporting broiler chickens in western canada presented...
TRANSCRIPT
Thermal conditions within B-train trailers transporting broiler chickens in Western Canada
Presented at theATA 36th Annual Conference
May 10, 2010Fort Lauderdale, FL
Natasha Burlinguette
Poultry Transport Team
N.A. Burlinguette1, M.L. Strawford1, J.M. Watts1,K.P.C. Hui1, T.G. Crowe1, H.L. Classen2,
P.J. Shand3
1Department of Agricultural & Bioresource Engineering2Department of Animal & Poultry Science
3Department of Food & Bioproduct Sciences
Today’s presentation...
• Western Canadian conditions• B-train trailer • Research objectives• Data collection & analysis methods• Temperature profiles• Conclusions
Western Canada
Saskatchewan Climate*
Winter Lows
-24 to -20˚C
Summer Highs
> 25˚C
Summer Lows
11 to 15˚C*Source: National Resources Canada
www.nrcan.gc.ca
Transport Distances
Module (12 or 15 drawers ea.)Drawer
B-Train
8820 broilers / load
Tailboard
Bungee Strap
Tarp Strap
Travel Direction
+
- Negative Pressure(suction)
Positive Pressure
Research Objective
To characterise temperature distributions in B-train trailers transporting broiler
chickens in Western Canada
Data Collection
• 14 B-trains• 1-minute interval temperature
recordings • Ambient -24˚C to +14˚C (night transport only)
Analysis
• Identified “steady-state” conditions for each B-train
• Calculated ΔT = (Ttrailer – Tambient)
• Grouped the data; calculated mean ΔT• Created 3-D thermal plots • Identified portions of the load experiencing
a specified temperature lift
Data Groupings
Codes Tarps Roof Vents Ambient Ranges
u-u-all all up all open 8 to11˚C
u-d-all 1 side up & 1 side down all open 6 to 14˚C
d-d-all all down all open -10 to 6˚C
d-d-1F,2F, & 5B,6B,7B all down 1F, 2F, & 5B, 6B, 7B
open -19 to 3˚C
d-d-1F all down 1F open -24 to -21˚C
Tarp & Vent Configurations
Travel Direction
Passenger side
Midline
Driver side
d-d-1F
Ambient T (avg) = -22.1˚C(-24 to -21˚C)
1F
Trailer Temp.min = -21˚Cmax = 22˚Cavg = -2 ˚CΔTMAX = 44 ˚CΔTAVG = 20˚C
Passenger side
Midline
Driver side
d-d-all
Ambient T (avg) = -3.5˚C(-10 to 6˚C)
Trailer Temp.min = -1˚Cmax = 24˚Cavg = 10 ˚CΔTMAX = 28˚CΔTAVG = 13˚C
Passenger side
Midline
Driver side
u-u-all
Ambient T (avg) = 9.8˚C(8 to 11˚C)
Trailer Temp.min = 10˚Cmax = 17˚Cavg = 13 ˚CΔTMAX = 7˚CΔTAVG = 3˚C
Rear Trailer ProfilesΔT
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
u-u-all u-d-all d-d-all d-d-1F,2F,&5B,6B,7B d-d-1F(9.8˚C) (9.9˚C) (-3.5˚C) (-9.5˚C)
Degrees Celsius warmer than Ambient
% o
f Lo
ad
(-22.1˚C)
open closed
X
Lead Trailer ProfilesΔT
Degrees Celsius warmer than Ambient
% o
f Lo
ad
(-22.1˚C)
open closed
Conclusions
• ΔT profiles for 5 common B-train configurations• Relative warm and cool zones (tarps down)
Warm: midline – front of LEAD & back of REAR
Cool: exterior – back of LEAD & front of REAR
• Wider temperature gradients & larger ΔT observed when trailer more tightly closedΔTMAX = 44˚C (d-d-1F)
• Near uniform temperatures when trailer openΔTMAX = 7˚C (u-u-all)
