7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

Presentation OutlineIntroductionClassification of Sound WavesIdentification of Ultrasonic

7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.The Theory of Sound Waves

The dictionary defines vibration through an elastic solid, liquid, or a gas. sound as the transmission of medium which may be a

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

The physical phenomenon of sound waves is an example of oscillating process. A diagram of Slinky toy Spring to represent individual molecules of a sound conducting medium. Sound SourceCompressionRarefractionRarefractionCompressionCompressionThe compression generated by the sound source as it moves propagates down the length of the spring as each adjacent coil of the spring pushes against its neighbourAt a point in the area of a compression, the pressure in the medium is positive. At a point in the area of a rarefaction, the pressure in the medium is negative. 7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

Modes of sound waves7 & 9 July 2009

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

A is the base sound waveB with less displacement of the media (less intense compression and rarefaction) as the wave front passes, represents a sound wave of less amplitude or "loudness." C represents a sound wave of higher frequency indicated by more wave fronts passing a given point within a given period of time.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

i) Mechanical waveslongitudinal and transverse in nature and required a medium

ii) Electromagnetic waves transverse in nature that move through vacuum

7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

Infrasound: f< 20HzAudible sound: 20Hz

IntensityEnergy of vibrating particles x no of particles, nV Intensity,I= (22m2A2) x (nV) Or I= 222A2V, =m/nVWhere,Density of medium, Wavelength,Amplitude,AFrequency,

7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

What is "Ultrasonics?"7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.science of sound waves above the limits of human audibilityHigh-Frequency>18 KHz A Transducer that converts Electrical Energy (electric current) to Mechanical Energy (sound waves). "shock" event or "vibratory" movement.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

How Ultrasonics waves travel?7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.Elastic media such as air and most solidsIn non-elastic media such as water and most liquidsIncreased AmplitudeA continuous transition as a sound wave is transmitted. A continuous transition as long as the amplitude or "loudness" of the sound is relatively low.Increase magnitude of the negative pressure in Rarefaction Area sufficient to cause the liquid to fracture known as Cavitation.

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

CAVITATION PROCESS7 & 9 July 2009The collapse and implosion of myriad cavitation "bubbles" throughout an ultrasonically activated liquid result in the effect commonly associated with ultrasonics.Cavitation "bubbles" are created at sites of rarefaction as the liquid fractures or tears because of the negative pressure of the sound wave in the liquid. As the wave fronts pass, the cavitation "bubbles" oscillate under the influence of positive pressure, eventually growing to an unstable size. As the wave fronts pass, the cavitation "bubbles" oscillate under the influence of positive pressure, eventually growing to an unstable size. Finally, the violent collapse of the cavitation "bubbles" results in implosions, which cause shock waves to be radiated from the sites of the collapse.

Ultrasonic Equipment7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.An ultrasonic power supply or "generator."

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

Ultrasonic Equipment7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.An Ultrasonic TransducerMagnetostrictivePiezoelectric

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.

MagnetostrictiveVSPiezoelectricPerformance properties NEVER degrade Silver-brazed transducers NEVER disbond Metal to metal bond; MORE EFFICIENT energy conversion Heavy duty (316L) diaphragms NEVER wear through (From Cavitation Erosion) Heavier mass; NOT susceptible to variable loads The ONLY Lifetime Guarantee in the industry! Performance properties DO degrade Epoxied transducers DO disbond Epoxy bond DAMPENS energy conversion Light weight diaphragms DO wear through (From Cavitation Erosion) Lighter mass; Susceptible to load variations Not Even Close

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

Console cleaning systems integrate ultrasonic cleaning tank(s), rinse tank(s) and a dryer for batch cleaning.Systems can be automated through the use of a PLC controlled material handling system.Console cleaning systemsBench Model

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications

7 & 9 July 2009Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and ApplicationsFPG Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd.Ultrasonic generators in climate-controlled enclosuresHeavy Industry such as in Petrochemical Plants

Training on Ultrasonic : Principle and Applications