Ma. Martha Manette A. Madrid, EdMa. Martha Manette A. Madrid, Ed.D..D.Professor Professor

College of Teacher EducationCollege of Teacher EducationPanpacific University North PhilippinesPanpacific University North PhilippinesUrdaneta City, Pangasinan, PhilippinesUrdaneta City, Pangasinan, Philippines

martzmonette@yahoo.commartzmonette@yahoo.com

Besides a brain (and the knowledge Besides a brain (and the knowledge of the language), what do you need of the language), what do you need

to use the spoken language? to use the spoken language?

These are the speech organs.These are the speech organs.

Lips Lips -- they serve for creating different sounds - they serve for creating different sounds -

mainly the labial, bilabial (e.g. /p/, /b/, /m/, mainly the labial, bilabial (e.g. /p/, /b/, /m/, /hw/, and /w/) and labio-dental consonant /hw/, and /w/) and labio-dental consonant sounds (e. g. /f/ and /v/ - and thus create an sounds (e. g. /f/ and /v/ - and thus create an important part of the speech apparatus.important part of the speech apparatus.

Upper Lip

Lower Lip

- small whitish structures found in jaws

- responsible for creating sounds mainly the labio-dental (e.g. /f/ and /v/and lingua-dental (e.g. /ð/and /θ/)

Teeth

tonguetongue- - with its wide variety of possible with its wide variety of possible movements, it assists in forming the movements, it assists in forming the sounds of speech.sounds of speech.

BackMiddle(Dorsum)

Front(Blade)Tip(Apex)

TONGUE

Alveolar ridgeAlveolar ridge

-- hard ridge behind the upper front hard ridge behind the upper front teeth. It is between the roof of the teeth. It is between the roof of the mouth and the upper teeth.mouth and the upper teeth.

For the sound /s/For the sound /s/,, air from the lungs air from the lungs passes continuously through the passes continuously through the mouth, but the tongue is raised mouth, but the tongue is raised sufficiently close to the sufficiently close to the alveolar ridgealveolar ridge (the section of the upper jaw (the section of the upper jaw containing the tooth sockets) to containing the tooth sockets) to cause friction as it partially blocks cause friction as it partially blocks the air that passes. the air that passes.

Alveolar Ridge

Hard palateHard palatea thin horizontal a thin horizontal bony plate of the plate of the

skull, located in the roof of the , located in the roof of the mouth.mouth.

the interaction between the the interaction between the tongue and the hard palate is essential in and the hard palate is essential in the formation of certain the formation of certain speech sounds, notably /t/, /d/, and /j/.sounds, notably /t/, /d/, and /j/.

Hard Palate

Velum (soft palate)Velum (soft palate)- - it should have holes forming that it should have holes forming that

function during speech to separate function during speech to separate the oral cavity (mouth) from the the oral cavity (mouth) from the nose, in order to produce the oral nose, in order to produce the oral speech sounds. If this separation is speech sounds. If this separation is incomplete, air escapes through the incomplete, air escapes through the nose during speech and the speech nose during speech and the speech is perceived as hyper nasal.is perceived as hyper nasal.

Velum or Soft Palate

UvulaUvula - it functions in tandem with the back it functions in tandem with the back

of the throat, the palate, and air of the throat, the palate, and air coming up from the lungs to create a coming up from the lungs to create a number of guttural and other sounds. number of guttural and other sounds.

- In many languages, it closes to In many languages, it closes to prevent air escaping through the prevent air escaping through the nose when making some sounds.nose when making some sounds.

Uvula

GlottisGlottis combination of vocal folds and space in combination of vocal folds and space in

between the foldsbetween the foldsas the vocal folds vibrate, the resulting as the vocal folds vibrate, the resulting

vibration produces a “buzzing” quality to vibration produces a “buzzing” quality to the speech called voice or voicing or the speech called voice or voicing or pronunciation.pronunciation.

sound production involving only the glottis sound production involving only the glottis is called glottal. Example is the sound /h/.is called glottal. Example is the sound /h/.

Glottis

Alveolar ridge

Upper lip

Lower lip

Teeth

Hard Palate

Soft Palate

Uvula

Back

Middle(Dorsum)

Front(Blade)

Tip (Apex)

Glottis

SPEECH ORGANS

TTHHAANNK K YYOOUU!!