theology as retrieval by w. david buschart and kent eilers - excerpt

892019 Theology as Retrieval By W David Buschart and Kent Eilers - EXCERPT

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Theology

Receiving the Past

Renewing the Church

W David Buschartamp Kent D Eilers

as Retrieval





Theology as

RetrievalReceiving the Past

Renewing the Church

W David Buschart

amp Kent D Eilers

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions



InterVarsity Press

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ivpresscom

emailivpresscom

copy9830909830881048625983093 by W David Buschart and Kent D Eilers

All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from

InterVarsity Press

InterVarsity Pressreg is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSAreg a movement of

students and faculty active on campus at hundreds of universities colleges and schools of nursing in the United

States of America and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students For

information about local and regional activities visit intervarsityorg

All Scripture quotations unless otherwise indicated are taken from HE HOLY BIBLE NEW INERNAIONAL

VERSION reg NIV reg Copyright copy 10486251048633983095983091 104862510486339830951048632 104862510486331048632983092 98309098308810486251048625 by Biblica Inctrade Used by permission All rights reserved

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Interior design Beth McGill

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ISBN 10486339830951048632-983088-10486329830919830881048632-983090983092983094983095-983088 (print)

ISBN 10486339830951048632-983088-10486329830919830881048632-104863310486321048625983094-1048633 (digital)

Printed in the United States of America

As a member of the Green Press Initiative InterVarsity Press is committed to protecting the environment

and to the responsible use of natural resources o learn more visit greenpressinitiativeorg

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

P 983090983091 983090983090 9830901048625 983090983088 10486251048633 10486251048632 1048625983095 1048625983094 1048625983093 1048625983092 1048625983091 1048625983090 10486251048625 1048625983088 1048633 1048632 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 1048625

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 9830911048625 983091983088 9830901048633 9830901048632 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 9830901048625 983090983088 10486251048633 10486251048632 1048625983095 1048625983094 1048625983093




Contents Acknowledgments 983097

Introduction 983089983089

Receiving and ransmitting the Deposit o Faith

he Shape o heological Retrieval Resemblances Models and

Authority Method Organization and Overview

983089 Scripture 983092983091

Commonality and Diversity

Vantage Points or heological Interpretation o Scripture

heological Cultures hat Prosper IS

he Spiritual Sense and Spiritual Practices

Coniguring heology and Exegesis by the Rule o Faith

Conclusion

983090 Theology 983096983089

An Alien Relevance heological Pasts

heology or the Christian Lie

Retrieval o and or a rinitarian Gospel

Fred Sanders he Deep hings of God

Donald Fairbairn Life in the rinity

Conclusion

983091 Worship 983089983089983095

Whose House Is his

An Alternative Way

Resources

Worship in the Key o RetrievalBloom

New Lie Downtown

Conclusion




983092 Spirituality 983089983093983093

A Need or Wisdom

Quest or Sages and SourcesCruciorm Wisdom

Spirituality Guided by Christian Wisdom

om Schwanda Soul Recreation

Gary Neal Hansen Kneeling with Giants

Conclusion

983093 Mission 983089983097983091

Five Expressions o New Monasticism

he Monastic Impulse

Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove Cultivating and Sustaining the New

Monastic heological Imagination

he Monastic Impulse as Social Imaginary

Etienne Wenger Imagination Practices Reiication and Repertoire

Conclusion

1048630 Cosmos 983090983090983089

Radical Orthodoxy

Reclaiming the Cosmos or ldquoOnce there was no secularrdquo

Improvising raditionrsquos Harmony(s)

Constraint and Freedom in Jazz Improvisation

Catherine Pickstock radition and the Drit o ime

John Milbank Renarrating Christ and radition

Conclusion

Conclusion 983090983093983095

Epilogue 983090983095983095

Bibliography 983090983096983095

Author Index 983091983089983091

Subject Index 983091983089983093

Scripture Index 983091983089983095






10486251048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

particularity includes perhaps most importantly the church In the church

theological reflection is carried out within the ellowship o Christrsquos body

located within a tradition characterized by unique emphases and traits and itsimultaneously draws on and contributes to the churchrsquos worship1048626 Tere in

worship theology is reminded that the risen and exalted Christ is gloriously

present in the church through the transorming work o his Spirit Tus the

church and by extension the theologian does not merely act but is acted upon

Te kinds o theologians who seek to be aithul both to the givenness o Chris-

tianity and the present moment require the skill best described as discernment

Teology as a task or craf requires discernmentmdasha orm o discernmentthat is as much art as science Tat theology requires discernment is true or

every sort o theologian a Christian conronted with a perplexing cultural

challenge a pastor exegeting a difficult text in the lectionary or a proessional

theologian teaching university students or training ministers in the seminary

In each case theological discernment operates in various modes and with a

range o overlapping practices Some Christians manage primarily in a biblical

mode relying heavily on passages committed to memory or the embeddedtheology o their church A pastor may interpret a text in an historical mode

inviting congregants into the world ldquobehindrdquo the text A university proessor

may adopt a conceptual mode challenging students to consider unexamined

mental rameworks For each methodological modes and preerences are in

play One such mode o theological discernment is retrieval1048627

As we use the term ldquoretrievalrdquo names a mode or style of theological dis-

cernment that looks back in order to move orward It is a particular way o

carrying out theological workmdashwhat John Webster calls ldquoan attitude o

mindrdquo983092mdashin which resources rom the past are ound distinctly advanta-

geous or the present situation Such resources might include doctrines

2Geoffrey Wainwright Doxology Te Praise of God in Worship Doctrine and Life (New York Oxord

University Press 1048625983097983096983088) p 9830913David Fergusson cites retrieval as one among several contemporary approaches to theology cross-

disciplinarity contextuality retrieval articulation o conessional identity and re-emergence o

liberalism (David Fergusson ldquoTeology oday Currents and Directionsrdquo in Te Expository imes

1048625983090983091983091 [9830909830881048625983090] pp 1048625983088983093-1048625983090)4John Webster ldquoTeologies o Retrievalrdquo in Te Oxford Handbook of Systematic Teology ed John

Webster Kathryn anner and Iain orrance (Oxord Oxord University Press 983090983088983088983096) p 9830939830961048628 See

also John Webster ldquoRessourcement Teology and Protestantismrdquo in Ressourcement A Movement

for Renewal in wentieth-Century Teology ed Gabriel Flynn and Paul D Murray (Oxord Oxord

University Press 98309098308810486251048628)





practices a metaphysic or ontology traditions or the Great radition more

generally Teologies o retrieval seek to recover these resources in order to

seize an opportunity or respond to a particular challengeIt is in this mode o theological discernment that the theologian most

transparently shows her awareness that her place is always already in the

middle It was Martin Heidegger who argued that our existence (Dasein)

always finds itsel already in the middle o the world and language (immer

schon)1048629 and in his wake this insight has ofen been reracted and developed

by others1048630 We want to make it clear that the strings o our remarks about

theologyrsquos in-the-middleness are not tied to Heidegger but to the doctrineso God salvation and ecclesiology Godrsquos triune ever-initiating presence in

creation redemption and consummation locates Christian existence and

thereore theology in the position o response to Godrsquos prior gracious agency

Tat theology is always perormed already in the middle is a eature o its

captivation to Godrsquos redeeming activity in Son and Spirit and thus its es-

sentially graced responsive character as God works within history

Tus while the moment at hand aces the theologian with challenges andopportunities her response is generated by unembarrassed recourse to the

doctrinal liturgical and spiritual assets o the Christian tradition Such re-

course is many times not uncritical but it is nonetheless caused by the theo-

logianrsquos mindulness o her place in the middle o a tradition o aith rom

which orgotten lost or unappreciated resources wait to be recruited And

more importantly she is aware o her place in the middle o a community

founded by Christ and enlivened by the Holy Spirit whose action to redeem

and renew is both ongoing and generative o the theologianrsquos own work Tat

being said there are varying reasons why the Christian past is deemed ad-

vantageous a range o actors that contribute to it unctioning as an ldquoau-

thorityrdquo and a variety o ways those resources are recovered in practice Te

chapters in this book will draw out how this is so

Our purpose is to uncover the logic o retrieval in six areas o contem-

5Martin Heidegger Being and ime trans John Macquarrie and Edward Robinson (New York

Harper and Row 1048625983097983094983090)6For example Jacques Derrida Of Spirit Heidegger and the Question trans Geoffrey Bennington and

Rachel Bowlby (Chicago Chicago University Press 1048625983097983096983095) Paul Riceour ime and Narrative Vol 1048625

trans Kathleen McLaughlin and David Pellauer (Chicago Chicago University Press 10486259830979830961048628) Ben

Quash Teology and the Drama of History (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 983090983088983088983096)




10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

porary theological reflection in order to cultivate discernment about the use

o tradition in Christian theology today1048631 Te areas are Holy Scripture doc-

trine worship spirituality mission and engagement with culture By exam-ining the actual use o tradition in these six areas certain insights about the

unction o Christian tradition become available Specific instances o re-

trieval hold our attention in order to avoid abstraction We desire to keep

the study running ldquoas close to the groundrdquo as possible or it is there ldquoalong

the groundrdquo and in the middle o history that theological discernment is

developed and practiced Developing a theory o retrieval will be less useul

than dialogue with actual instances o it so we press specific examples inorder to see how tradition unctions in practice

Te value o our study is tied to a long-standing posture o Christian

identity that makes retrieval an organic mode o theological discernment

reception and transmission (Dynamics within modern theology in the West

that have made it difficult to maintain will be sketched in what ollows) Te

theologies o retrieval ound in the ollowing chapters are ideal candidates or

cultivating discernment about the use o tradition Tey are so precisely be-cause they all into the cadence o reception and transmissionmdasheven though

they do so in a variety o ways Tat is to say they remind in myriad ways that

Christian theology is rooted in and is thereore always receiving from her past

By examining them we find that certain insights rise to the surace about the

unction o tradition in theology placing our finger on these insights and

drawing out their significance will be our task By considering ldquoretrievalrdquo as a

mode o theological reflectionmdashan intensification o the cadence o receiving

and passing onmdashour book aims at growth in discernment that we would

mature in our ability to deliberate well about the belies values and commit-

ments operative in our reception and transmission o the deposit o aith1048632

7ldquoContemporaryrdquo is an admittedly ambiguous term employed here and throughout this book to

reer to the late twentieth and early twenty-first century8We are seeking something like Rowan Williamsrsquos description o the effect o dialoguing with the

past ldquoI it isnrsquot an option to simply discard our history we are bound to this demanding conversa-

tion this mutual questioning o past and present in which we discover more ully what we are as

a community and who we are as baptized Christians Out o this we hope comes a more mature

skill in listening and conversing nowrdquo (Rowan Williams Why Study the Past [Grand Rapids Eerd-

mans 983090983088983088983093] p 10486251048625983090 [emphasis added]) Similarly Rowan Williams Te Wound of Knowledge Chris-

tian Spirituality from the New estament to Saint John of the Cross 983090nd ed (London Darton Long-

man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091





Beore entering that discussion however a brie account o retrieval is in

order We begin by considering the character o theological retrieval as an

intensification o that which is basic to the abric o Christianity the re-ception and transmission o the deposit o aith

R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144

Teological retrieval is an organic expression o Christianityrsquos long-standing

posture o reception and transmission1048633 Christian identity is tied to canonical

texts locates itsel in relation to particular historical events (eg the history

o Israel the lie o Jesus Christ the mission o the apostles) and is embodiedin a wide range o shared practices carried on through history (eg prayers

community mission worship) What precisely Christians receive and pass on

is the deposit of faith the belie and proclamation that the promised Messiah

is the crucified resurrected and ascended Jesus the Son o God the ulfillment

o the covenant and the hope o the world And in every historical context the

people o God seek to think and live aithully in relation to this aith

From the earliest days o the Christian movement Christian identity wasmaintained and measuredmdashliturgically ethically and doctrinallymdashby the

reception and transmission o the deposit o aith While this dynamic is most

prevalent in Paulrsquos letters it is apparent in the Gospels as well Te opening

verses o the Gospel o Luke or example indicate that its subject matter is

the lie and significance o Jesus the Messiah Te Gospelrsquos account o this

did not arise directly with its author (presumably Luke) but was ldquohanded

downrdquo ( paradidōmi) by eyewitnesses Te inception o this Gospelrsquos witness

is orthrightly laid out as a delivered account o Jesusrsquo lie that in turn is

being conserved through passing it on again

In the same spirit the apostle Paul repeatedly exhorts the recipients o his

letters to respect the deposit o aith Tere are three different senses in which

he does so First Paul meant to hand on certain communal practices that would

characterize the Christian community Te celebration o the meal Jesus insti-

tuted was the most central Sharing a meal in the memory o Jesus was instituted

9Given the constraints o this introduction we offer a relatively slender account o theological

retrieval and its exegetical and doctrinal underpinnings For a well-developed trinitarian account

o retrieval and its biblical and theological warrants (rom a Reormed perspective) see Michael

Allen and Scott R Swain Reformed Catholicity Te Promise of Retrieval for Teology and Biblical

Interpretation (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 9830909830881048625983093) especially chap 1048625




1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

by Jesus himsel and Paul sees himsel as simply ldquopassing onrdquo ( paradidōmi) what

he had ldquoreceivedrdquo ( paralambanō) (1048625 Cor 1048625104862510486261048627 c 1048625 Cor 104862510486251048626) Tere is a sense in

Paulrsquos writings that passing on the traditions o worship behavior and beliewere undamental to the ormation o Christian identity Edith Humphrey coins

a verb to describe the gist o this ldquotraditioningrdquo9830891048624 Second there is an ethical

shape to the Christian lie and Paul exhorts his readers to conorm themselves

to it by conorming to the traditions they had received rom him Such orms o

lie were based on Paulrsquos teaching but there is also a sense in which they were

modeled or them through the presence o Paul and the apostles ldquoAs you re-

ceived [ paralambanō] rom us instruction as to how you ought to walk andplease God (just as you actually do walk)rdquo (1048625 Tess 10486281048625 983150983137983155983138 see also 1048626 Tess 1048627983094)

Tird Paul reers most requently to receiving the actual content o the

Gospel delivered content composed not merely o ideas or even actions but

o Christ Jesus himself ldquoHim we proclaimrdquo Paul writes to the Colossians the

ldquoword o Godrdquo and the ldquomysteryrdquo o God (Col 104862510486261048632 10486261048629 1048626983094 983141983155983158 see also Rom

104862910486251048629-10486251048631 1048625 Cor 10486281048631 Col 10486271048625983094 Gal 10486251048625983094) In some cases proclaiming ldquothe gospelrdquo

and ldquopreaching Christrdquo seem to be synonymous or Paul (c 1048625 Cor 104862510486251048631 and1048625 Cor 104862510486261048627 1048625 Cor 104862510486291048625 10486251048625 and 1048625 Cor 1048625104862910486251048626 1048626 Cor 10486281048627 and 1048626 Cor 10486281048628) o receive

the gospel was not undamentally about intellectual assent or the adoption

o its ethic although both o these were involved Rather to receive the

message was to receive ldquoChrist Jesus as Lordrdquo (Col 1048626983094) It was the reception

o the work o God through Christ actualized in their midst through the

work o the Spirit ldquoGod in Christ is both the source and the content o the

gospelrdquo983089983089 For Paul the gospel is not exhausted by whatever intellectual

content it might contain Rather the gospel message itsel ldquois the divinely

powerul instrumentality through which Godrsquos salvation and righteousness

are presently revealedrdquo9830891048626 Te intellectual content o the gospel cannot

thereore be separated rom the personal presence o God in Christ that

accompanies its proclamation its reception and the union with Christrsquos

person that the Spirit effects through aith

Tus and this is crucially important the gospelrsquos authority transcended the

10Edith M Humphrey Scripture and radition What the Bible Really Says (Grand Rapids Baker

Academic 9830909830881048625983091) pp 983090983094-104862898309111A B Luter ldquoGospelrdquo in Te Dictionary of Paul and His Letters ed Gerald Hawthorne Ralph P

Martin and Daniel G Reid (Downers Grove IL InterVarsity Press 1048625983097983097983091) p 98309198309598308812Ibid p 9830919830951048625





apostles who delivered it In the preaching o the gospel Jesus himsel spokemdash

and speaks still todaymdashas Lord ldquoAnd we also thank God continually because

when you received ( paralambanō) the word o God which you heard rom usyou accepted it not as a human word but as it actually is the word o God

which is indeed at work in you who believerdquo (1048625 Tess 104862610486251048627) Te gospel is Jesus

Christ not an inert collection o ideas or practices but the mystery o God

brought to lie in those who believe through the work o Christrsquos Spirit Te

grace o God spoken o in the gospel message is ldquonone other than the risen

Christ who conronts men through the word o his Gospelrdquo9830891048627 Naturally then

receiving the deposit o aith entails more than intellectual assent alone butalso action and indeed the gospel brings orth action from within those who

receive it as the Spirit o God births new lie Having been traditioned in the

ways o the gospel those who receive it are to ldquoguardrdquo it (1048625 im 9830941048626983088) ldquohold

astrdquo to it (1048626 Tess 104862610486251048629) and ldquocontend orrdquo it (Jude 1048627 see also 1048625 Cor 10486251048627)

Just as competing gospels conronted those who received the letters o

the apostles Christians in the ensuing centuries aced challenges as well

Even though their historical and theological cultures differed at the root oeach challenge regarding the deposit o aith a similar dynamic was in play

reception and transmission For example at the close o the first century the

unknown author o 983089 Clement exhorted the Corinthian church much in the

spirit o Paul ldquoTereore let us abandon empty and utile thinking and

conorm ourselves to the glorious and holy canon o our tradition Indeed let

us note what is good and what is pleasing and what is acceptable in the sight

o him who made usrdquo (983089 Clement 10486311048626ndash1048627) Likewise around 104862510486311048632 983137983140 Irenaeus

echoed Paulrsquos language o reception and preservation ldquoTe church having

received this preaching and this aith although scattered throughout the

whole world yet as i occupying but one house careully preserves itrdquo

( Against Heresies 104862510486259830881048626) Competing interpretations o Scripture and new

cultural settings have always challenged the preservation o what Irenaeus

termed ldquothis aithrdquo yet the church has consistently sought to identiy and

maintain the essence o Christian identity Early in the third century Hip-

polytus o Rome spoke o an ldquoessence o the tradition which is proper to all

13Tomas F orrance Te Doctrine of Grace in the Apostolic Fathers (10486259830971048628983096 repr Eugene OR Wip

and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

the churchesrdquo and expounded it through a liturgy and prayer983089983092 And later

around 104862810486261048629 Augustine exhorted the catechumens to receive the rule o aith

which is ldquoscattered up and downrdquo in Holy Scripture write it on their heartsand arm themselves with it9830891048629 It was this essence o the tradition that the ecu-

menical councils would later seek to guard through creedal ormulations9830891048630

But even then the task o receiving and passing on the deposit o aith re-

mained Fresh cultural environments and the passage o time would present

resh opportunities or and challenges to ulfilling Paulrsquos basic injunction to

imothy ldquoGuard what has been entrusted to your carerdquo (1048625 im 9830941048626983088)

Examples rom every era to the present could illustrate the dynamics oreception and handing on guarding and delivering And i we looked more

closely we would see that this dynamic is characterized by the ever-present

tension o continuity and change stability and development Christian teaching

developed even rom the time o the apostles and surely into the period o the

ecumenical councils and the tension was always whether such development

was consistent with the essence o the deposit Vincent o Leacuterins (fifh century)

spoke o this tension in terms o biological growth ldquoTe understandingknowledge and wisdom o each and allmdashand o the whole Churchmdashought to

grow and progress greatly and eagerly through the course o ages and centuries

provided the advance be within its own lines in the same sphere o doctrine

the same eeling the same sentimentrdquo9830891048631 As the apostolic tradition was trans-

mitted in new settings among resh challenges and opportunities Vincent

sought to navigate the same challenge that Paulrsquos injunction to imothy

presents the church ldquoguard what has been entrusted to your carerdquo In the nine-

teenth and twentieth centuries John Henry Newman described the tension

between stability and development in terms o the growth o an idea Hans-

Georg Gadamer viewed it through the idiom o legal precedent and Jaroslav

14Clement Irenaeus and Hippolytus are all quoted rom D H Williams radition Scripture and

Interpretation A Sourcebook of the Ancient Church ed D H Williams (Grand Rapids Eerdmans

983090983088983088983094) p 98309398308815Augustine ldquoOn the Creed A Sermon to the Catechumensrdquo in Nicene and Post Nicene Fathers

Series 1048625 Vol 983091 ed Philip Schaff trans C L Cornish (Peabody MA Hendrickson 1048625983097983097983094) p 98309198309498309716See Carl rueman Te Creedal Imperative (Wheaton IL Crossway 9830909830881048625983090) chaps 983090 and 983094 Rob-

ert Jenson Canon and Creed (Louisville KY Westminster John Knox 9830909830881048625983088)17Vincent o Leacuterins Communitorium 9830909830919830931048628 in Creeds Councils and Controversies Documents Il-

lustrating the History of the Church AD 852019852019852023-852020852022852017 ed J Stevenson and W H C Frend revised

edition (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 9830909830881048625983090 [1048625983097983094983094]) p 983091983095983091





Pelikan cast it in terms o the rule o prayermdashlex orandi9830891048632 Examples could be

multiplied but it is enough to say that receiving the deposit o aith and deliv-

ering it in new times and places is as it always has been basic to Christianity9830891048633Te point to be noted here is simply this the theologies o retrieval we con-

sider can only be undertaken and flourish because o this dynamic o reception

and transmission marked by the inherent tension between stability and devel-

opment ldquoConservationrdquo is thus part o Christianityrsquos DNA as it receives the

deposit o aith entrusted to the apostles and delivers it to a world that God is

ldquoreconciling to himsel in Christrdquo (1048626 Cor 104862910486251048633) Te portrait o the New es-

tament is clear that receiving the deposit o aith entails more than merely as-senting to a particular set o ideas As we saw just rom examples in Paulrsquos

corpus the intellectual content o the gospel does not exhaust its real content

Rather the gospel proclaimed received and passed on again is Christ Jesus

himself Restoration to God is not effected by an idea or set o ideas but by the

person o the Son active and present through the agency o the Holy Spirit10486261048624

18See John Henry Newman An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (Notre Dame IN

University o Notre Dame Press 983089983097983096983097) chap 983089 Hans-Georg Gadamer ruth and Method transJoel Weinsheimer and Donald G Marshall 983090nd ed (London amp Clark 9830909830889830881048628) pp 9830919830901048625-983091983094

(Bo Helmich reminded us o this connection) Jaroslav Pelikan Te Vindication of radition

(New Haven C Yale University Press 10486259830979830961048628) pp 1048625983094-1048625983095 and Pelikan Historical Teology (New

York Corpus Instrumentorum Philadelphia Westminster 10486259830979830951048625) pp 1048625983088983097-1048625983088 In Christian liturgy even rom its very origin the pattern o reception and development has been

present Gordon Lathrop argues that Christian liturgy has always ollowed the cadence o reception

and transformation o received things so they would speak ldquonew gracerdquo in light o Jesus Christ Tis

liturgical cadence Lathrop suggests is embedded in the Bible itsel ldquoime and again this is the

pattern o biblical speech old structures are used to speak o the new grace Old texts old stories

and songs are borrowed to speak o the world transormed Old meal practices and old washing

symbolism our ritual structures are shaped to speak o Jesus Christrdquo According to this deep patterno Christian liturgy rituals and symbols are received and then ldquobroken in order to speak o Godrsquos

gracerdquo in Jesus Christ (Gordon Lathrop Holy Tings A Liturgical Teology [Minneapolis Fortress

1048625983097983097983091] pp 983090983094 983096983088)19See Tomas Guarino Vincent of Leacuterins and the Development of Christian Doctrine (Grand Rapids

Baker Academic 9830909830881048625983091) Malcolm B Yarnell Te Formation of Christian Doctrine (Nashville

BampH Academic 983090983088983088983095) Alister E McGrath Te Genesis of Doctrine (Grand Rapids Eerdmans

1048625983097983097983095) Jaroslav Pelikan Development of Christian Doctrine Some Historical Prolegomena (New

Haven C Yale University Press 1048625983097983094983097) Pelikan Vindication of radition Pelikan Credo (New

Haven C Yale University Press 983090983088983088983091) Newman Development of Christian Doctrine20Te content o the Christian tradition is ldquonot a doctrinal statement nor a law nor a book o

Revelation but the very Person o Jesus himsel as the incarnate Word o God giving its author-

ity to the Gospel and to the event o the authoritative Word o aith and correspondingly we

have the Holy Spirit as Godrsquos Presence in the aith-creating Word o preaching Teology can

only speak o lsquoraditionrsquo in the true sense when it holds to this undamental point o departure

and lets it have ull playrdquo (Gerhard Ebeling Te Word of God and radition trans S H Hooke

[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148

Receiving and passing on the aith thereore entails more than trans-

mitting ideas or or that matter an ethical program or cultic regimen1048626983089

Christians have reduced the gospel to each o these at various times andplaces No in receiving the gospel the church receives the personal presence

o the triune God in the person o Christ as his presence is made actual by

the work o the Spirit Te antecedents o Christrsquos presence in the gospel are

ound in Israelrsquos experience o God in covenant tabernacle and temple and

urther back still in the act o creation itsel as divine gif Christ ulfills the

oretastes o Godrsquos presence in each as the true Son o Abraham (Mt 10486251048625) the

true Son called out o Egypt (Mt 104862610486251048629) and the true temple o God (Jn 104862610486251048633-10486261048625)Pentecost does not alter this christological centering but urther establishes

it the Spirit of Christ is the one given and it is the same Spirit who unites

us to Christ (Eph 104862710486251048628-10486251048633 1048625 Jn 104862710486261048628) Godrsquos sel-giving presence both orients

his people toward the God who descends Emmanuel and conditions our

understanding o the gospel we proclaim receive and pass along None-

theless the intensely relational trinitarian nature o the gospel in which

God is present in Christ is always at risk o being shorn down to a set o ideasTere is a sense thereore in which the receiving-and-passing-on posture

o Christian identity entails the making o people in every time and place in

some way contemporary with Jesus We might even say this is the work the

church perorms as she ldquoreceivesrdquo Christ Rowan Williams puts it this way

Churches have always been ldquoconservingrdquo communities that is they have always

been concerned about the past and about whether they were in some sense

doing the same thing as the previous generation had done Te ChristianChurch has the added concern o making sure those habits are a way o bringing

believers truthfully and effectively in the presence of a specific past the incarnate

reality of Jesus What the Church conserves is seen as important because o this

concept o becoming contemporary with Jesus Without this encounter with

Jesus in the days o his flesh and in his lie in his corporate Body in history

the believing sel remains untouched by transorming grace10486261048626

21Te stridently personal and relational nature o Christian worship is brought out well by Gordon

Lathroprsquos reading o Justinrsquos Apology ldquoJustin does not think o Jesus as merely having a good

anticultic idea which then can be passed on by philosophers in remarkable metaphors Te

teaching occurs by our insertion through the name through the reality o Jesus present through

the mystery o the cross and the memorial o the cross present in our ood into lie and aith and

community beore the creator Godrdquo (Lathrop Holy Tings pp 1048625983093983090-983093983091 [emphasis added])22Rowan Williams Why Study the Past p 9830971048625 (emphasis added)





I this is the case then Christianity including its theology is always looking

back in order to move orward In the course o the churchrsquos worship mission

and work o sanctified reason (theology) part o her calling is to receive thedeposit o aith and aithully pass it on in whatever contemporary milieu the

church finds hersel Teologies o retrieval intensiy this dynamic by adopting

a mode o theology that recovers rom sites in the Christian past deemed useul

(on some accounts ldquoauthoritativerdquo) or the contemporary situation In this way

theologies o retrieval are not doing anything undamentally novel rather they

intensify an element o Christian theological method present rom its inception10486261048627

I as we suggest retrieval is an organic expression o Christian reception andtransmission then looking to Scripture is rightly regarded as the undamental

archetypal Christian retrieval1048626983092 Reading Scripture is a orm o retrieval Tis is

true whether the person looking back is a proessional biblical scholar a pastor

or a Christian businessperson and it is true whether the reading is done with a

view toward technical exegesis sermon preparation or personal devotion (or all

o the above) Holy Scripture in its canonical whole was written in distant times

and places by people whom we will never meet on earth Tus to turn toScripture is to look back Tere is no other way it can be there is no other way

it needs to be Just as the Scriptures came into existence and have been trans-

mitted within the space-and-time o history so too our reading o the Scriptures

occurs within that same realm o space-and-time Reading Scripture is an ex-

ercise in bridging two (or more) horizonsmdashthe ldquohomerdquo horizon o the reader

23We noted examples rom the patristic era that illustrate the reception and transmission o the

apostolic witness and the list could be easily expanded (Papias o Hierapolis Eusebius o CaesareaClement o Alexandria Origen Cyprian Athanasius Basil the Great Epiphanius o Salamis Au-

gustine Chrysostom) Teologians rom the Reormation and post-Reormation era also illustrate

the reception o the Christian traditionmdashthe church athers or otherwise even though Protestant

theologians in this era are sometimes mistakenly perceived to jettison tradition Martin Luther

(see Manred Schulze ldquoMartin Luther and the Church Fathersrdquo in Te Reception of the Church

Fathers in the West From the Carolingians to the Maurists ed Irena Backus [Leiden Brill

10486259830979830979830959830909830889830881048625] pp 983093983095983091-983094983090983094) John Calvin (see Johannes Van Oort ldquoJohn Calvin and the Church

Fathersrdquo in Backus Reception of the Church Fathers pp 9830949830941048625-983095983088983088) Balthasar Hubmaier (see Andrew

K Lager ldquoBalthasar Hubmaierrsquos Use o the Church Fathers Availability Access and Interactionrdquo

Mennonite Quarterly Review 9830961048628 [January 9830909830881048625983088] 983093-983094983094) Jonathan Edwards (see Kyle Strobel ldquoJona-

than Edwardsrsquos Reormed Doctrine o the Beatific Visionrdquo in Jonathan Edwards and Scotland ed

Ken Minkema Adriaan Neale and Kelly van Andel [Edinburgh Dunedin Academic Press 98309098308810486251048625]

pp 10486259830951048625-983096983096) and John Wesley (see Richard P Heitzenrater ldquoJohn Wesleyrsquos A Christian Library Ten

and Nowrdquo American Teological Library Association Proceedings 983093983093 [9830909830889830881048625] 1048625983091983091-1048628983094)24A close reading o the preceding section on the deposit o aith will reveal the clearly implicit

understanding that is now made explicit




10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

and the ldquooreignrdquo horizons o the authors and settings o the Scriptures10486261048629 Much

discussion in biblical hermeneutics over recent years has been devoted to the

need or bridging these two horizons and to the means and methods or respon-sibly doing so10486261048630 Tus because o the unique status and authoritative role

Scripture holds in Christianity it is the fundamental archetypal Christian re-

trieval one that is defining o Christianity and Christian theology

Troughout this section we have attempted to anchor theological retrieval to

the undamental Christian impulse to receive and pass along the deposit o aith

Teological retrieval is as such an intensification o this basic pattern an or-

ganic expression o Christianityrsquos posture toward the reception and transmissiono the deposit Tus although the retrievals we consider in this book are highly

diverse they hold this in common they believe the uture o the church hangs

in some sense not on our ability to innovate (or at the very least not only to

innovate) but in our capacity to creatively and critically retrieve rom the

churchrsquos past For theologies o retrieval immersion in the texts thought orms

and orms o lie o the Christian pastmdashwhether distant or more recentmdashare

believed to open up fresh opportunities for Christian faithfulness in the present Such aithulness is pursued in many different areas and the chapters o this

book consider six o them in turn Scripture doctrine worship spirituality

mission and engagement with culture

T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161

Genealogies o modernity abound these days10486261048631 Depending on how the story

o modernityrsquos origins is told the explanation o what makes tradition a

25Anthony C Tiselton Te Hermeneutics of Doctrine (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983095) pp 1048625983095983095-98309598309626Te recent pursuit o the theological interpretation o Scripture to which we devote a chapter

is but one instance o this horizon-bridging endeavor27For example Tomas Pau Minding the Modern Human Agency Intellectual raditions and

Responsible Knowledge (Notre Dame IN University o Notre Dame Press 9830909830881048625983091) Brad Gregory

Te Unintended Reformation How a Religious Revolution Secularized Society (Cambridge MA

Belknap Press 9830909830881048625983090) Michael Allen Gillespie Te Teological Origins of Modernity (Chicago

Chicago University Press 983090983088983088983096) Charles aylor A Secular Age (Cambridge Belknap Press o

Harvard University Press 983090983088983088983095) Louis Dupreacute Te Enlightenment and the Intellectual Foundations

of Modern Culture (New Haven C Yale University Press 9830909830889830881048628) John Milbank Teology and

Social Teory 983090nd ed (Oxord Blackwell 983090983088983088983094) Michael Buckley At the Origins of Modern

Atheism (New Haven C Yale University Press 1048625983097983096983095) Eberhard Juumlngel God as the Mystery of

the World (Edinburgh amp Clark 1048625983097983096983091)





problematic source within the modern mindset o the West varies Tis is

not the place or rehearsing different configurations to the question o tra-

dition and its place within the modern age nor does this book attempt toanswer this question Rather it is enough to simply note what is widely ac-

cepted fill out our sketch o theological retrieval and allow the rest o the

book to paint a more nuanced picture

It is widely accepted that chie among Enlightenment ideals are the power

o human reason (rationalism) and o particular significance here reedom

rom constraint (emancipationism) emancipation rom authority rom

transcendence rom prejudgments and naturally then rom tradition10486261048632

ldquoModernity is above all things convincedrdquo Michael Allen Gillespie writes

ldquothat it owes nothing to the past that it has made itsel that what matters

most is what is happening right now Indeed this is the meaning o the

reedom power and progress that we all prizerdquo10486261048633 Generally speaking the

attitude o the modern age ound the past a hindrance to overcome rather

than a resource rom which to draw It is assumed among Enlightenment

thinkers Wilken writes that ldquothe mark o rationality is autonomy Unlessa thinker is reed rom the constraints o inherited belies and institutions

he or she cannot engage in the spirit o ree inquiry that leads to truthrdquo Te

scholar can only properly carry out their work o ldquoresearch scholarship and

original thinkingrdquo when they ree themselves ldquorom the claims o tradition

and becomes independent o external constraints (ie tradition)rdquo10486271048624 ra-

dition is problematic i it unctions in a way that constrains ree thinking

progress and development toward the uture Te modern age is ldquoperma-

nently inured against one thingrdquo Louis Dupreacute writes ldquothe willingness to

accept authority uncriticallyrdquo1048627983089 History according to modernityrsquos sel-

understanding is progress orever moving orward through the power o

ldquoree human willingrdquo toward a uture o our own making10486271048626

Modernityrsquos progressive view o history and its confidence in unencum-

28See Dupreacute Enlightenment Robert Louis Wilken Te Spirit of Early Christian Tought (New Haven

C Yale University Press 983090983088983088983091) especially chap 983096 ldquoMemory and the Christian Intellectual Lierdquo29Gillespie Teological Origins p 98309098309798309130Wilken Spirit of Early Christian Tought p 104862598309498309731Dupreacute Enlightenment p ix32Gillespie Teological Origins pp 9830909830961048625-983096983091 Gillespie argues or inherent internal conflicts within

this view o history that were present rom modernityrsquos start (especially chaps 1048625 983096) and came

increasingly to the ore during the twentieth century




10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

bered rationality closed off a host o resources but these assumptions rapidly

came under fire in the twentieth century10486271048627 And with the priorities o mo-

dernity in doubt a raf o diverse theological retrieval movements aroselooking or resources in the churchrsquos past Tese included thenouvelle theacuteologie

initiated by Henri de Lubac Jean Danieacutelou and Maurice Blondel (Catholic)

postliberalism which began through the influence o Hans Frei and George

Lindbeck (initially mainline Protestant) the ancient-uture movement begun

by Robert Webber (evangelical Protestant) and paleo-orthodoxy spearheaded

by Tomas Oden (evangelical Protestant) Tese retrievals compose some-

thing like a wide river delta though conessionally ldquowiderdquo they flowed in thesame direction rom the past into the present toward the uture1048627983092 Each o the

retrievals studied in this book are within that delta just arther downstream

It is obvious rom just those listed above that late twentieth-century the-

ologies o retrieval are diverse No less is true o the retrievals ound in the

ollowing pages Beyond the obvious conessional differences their diagnosis

o the contemporary situation varies widely as does the view o history that

underlies their use o tradition Further when theologies o retrieval draw onthe past it becomes clear that other (most ofen implicit) actors are in play

that influence how the past actually unctions as an authority It is clear then

that in order to approach the retrievals which ollow we need some means

or doing so We need vantage points rom which to name and explore simi-

larities and differences among retrievals as well as the influential actors

operating beneath the surace Te ollowing three dimensions o retrieval

provide just such vantage points resemblances (what they hold in common)

models o history (historiography) and ldquoauthorityrdquo

First concerning what contemporary retrievals hold in common John

Webster identifies a rough set o six ldquoresemblancesrdquo among later twentieth-

century examples10486271048629 First theologies o retrieval are ldquoobjectivistrdquo or ldquorealistrdquo

Tey ldquoconsider Christian aith and theology to be a response to a sel-

33See John Webster ldquoTe Contemporary Scene Reappropriating raditionsrdquo in Te Modern Teo-

logians An Introduction to Christian Teology Since 852017983097852017983096 ed David Ford 983091rd ed (Oxord Blackwell

983090983088983088983093) pp 983090983090983097-98309698309434We borrow the metaphor rom Paul DeHart who applies it to postliberalism (Paul Dehart Te

rial of the Witnesses Te Rise and Decline of Postliberal Teology [Oxord Blackwell 983090983088983088983094]

pp 1048628983093-1048628983094)35John Webster ldquoTeologies o Retrievalrdquo in Te Oxford Handbook of Systematic Teology ed John

Webster Kathryn anner and Iain orrance (Oxord Oxord University Press 983090983088983088983095) pp 9830939830961048628-983096983093





bestowing divine reality which precedes and overcomes the limited reach o

rational intentionrdquo By this he means that theologies o retrieval grant that

Godrsquos revelation precedes and conditions theological perspectives on theworld rather than things going the other way around (it is ldquoresponsiverdquo in this

way) In other words they share the conviction that human rationality does

not ultimately set the terms or theological reflection practice or worship

Te second third and ourth resemblances ollow rom and are closely

related to the first Second the creedal resources o the ecumenical councils

are a ready resource ldquoTeir material accounts o this divine reality are

heavily indebted to the trinitarian and incarnational teaching o the classicalChristianity o the ecumenical councilsrdquo Tird ldquoTey consider that the gov-

erning norms o theological inquiry are established by the object by which

theology is brought into being (the source o theology is thus its norm)rdquo

Fourth ldquoTey do not accord final weight to external criteria or to the

methods and procedures which enjoy prestige outside theologyrdquo10486271048630

Te fifh and sixth resemblances involve the setting and context o theo-

logical retrieval Fifh ldquoTeir accounts o the location audience and ends oChristian doctrine are generally governed by the relation o theology to the

community o aith as its primary sphererdquo And sixth ldquoIn their judgments

about the historical setting o systematic theology they tend to deploy a theo-

logical (rather than socio-cultural) understanding o the tradition which

outbids the view that modernity has imposed a new and inescapable set o

conditions on theological workrdquo Tat is while the modern age has a largely

negative view o tradition the churchrsquos view should be determined by its own

theological criteria and norms (eg doctrines practices liturgies)

Websterrsquos resemblances provide handles or grasping what late twentieth-

century retrievals hold in common Yet on its own the resemblance

approach risks oversimpliying and at worst eliding their doctrinal philo-

sophical and historiographical diversity10486271048631 A second dimension o studying

theological retrieval is to ask about the approach to history that lies

beneath the actual retrieval What is the historiographical model that

underlies retrieval

36Ibid p 983093983096104862837Tis is not at all something Webster intends and his essay addresses some o these distinctions

which our summary leaves out or the sake o brevity




1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148

Morwenna Ludlow argues or three broad historiographical models that

lie beneath approaches to Christian tradition static reormatory and

adaptive Te ldquostaticrdquo model views ldquoboth theology and the Church as basicallyunchangingrdquo and the development o doctrine is an unolding or ldquoworking

out o the logical implicationsrdquo o what was implicitly present rom the

original revelation10486271048632 Teologyrsquos task is thus to ldquomaintain the truth in as pure

a orm as possiblerdquo10486271048633 Ludlowrsquos examples are extremely conservative versions

o Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox theology (though she emphatically

grants that both traditions include exceptions) According to this model

even though it has high regard or the past as an authority the motivation orretrieval (in theory) is lessened because the churchrsquos doctrine is understood

to be a ldquoconstant deposit passed rom age to agerdquo9830921048624 In contrast the second

model ldquoreormatoryrdquo prizes the original revelation o divine truth but iden-

tifies a degradation o original revelation It assumes that ldquotheological rotrdquo set

in at some point in the Christian tradition and that return to an original

healthy state requires treatment Te model can motivate retrieval because

the purpose o theology is in part to ldquorecoverrdquo the original truth o Christianaith or today983092983089 Ludlowrsquos examples include not surprisingly Protestant

theology the ressourcement movement among Roman Catholics and surpris-

ingly perhaps many eminist theologians who seek to recover the original

message o Jesus beore it was corrupted by a patriarchal society9830921048626 According

to the third model ldquoadaptiverdquo change is inherent to Christianity but not ac-

cording to the pattern o original truth-all-reorm9830921048627 Te role o theology is

to be in dialogue with previous eras o Christian aith in order to allow the

past to be in conversation with the present Teology helps the church to

adapt to the present by enabling her to be interrogated by the past983092983092 Ludlowrsquos

models are useul precisely because they suggest approaches to history that

open up the actual use o tradition in theologies o retrieval

Tird beyond resemblances and historiography another dimension o

38Morwenna Ludlow Gregory of Nyssa Ancient and (Post)modern (Oxord Oxord University

Press 9830909830881048625983091) p 98309098309598309739Ibid p 98309098309698308840Ibid p 98309098309698309141Ibid p 98309098309698308842Ibid p 983090983096104862543Ibid pp 9830909830961048625-98309698309044Ibid p 983090983096983093





retrieval is the rationale(s) or affording the Christian past ldquoauthorityrdquo In

other words what makes the past a norm or theology As we will see tra-

dition takes its place as an authority or norm or different reasons and itunctions as such in different ways Historiography may provide clues in

these matters but it does so only to point us toward other influential actors

In some cases doctrinal influences are in playmdashsuch as the doctrines o God

revelation and Scripture Christology and ecclesiology In other cases the

actors are more sociologicalmdashexperiences that press on the church in its

time and place political economic or otherwise Or more specifically ec-

clesial actorsmdashperceived deficiencies in the areas o spirituality liturgy andmission or broader matters o denominational particularity or ecumenism

And in other cases the actors that contribute to traditionrsquos status as norm are

more straightorwardly scripturalmdashresources rom the Christian past are

ound to uniquely illuminate the biblical text or correct misdirections in the

history o interpretation It becomes increasingly clear that while retrievals

may share a common historiographical view other actors such as these lead

to different ways in which the past is understood to be an authority

9830921048629

owarduncovering these actors we apply a range o interpretive angles rom social

theory to jazz improvisation rom architecture to learning theory

Tese three dimensions o studying theological retrievalmdashresemblances

historiography and authoritymdashintertwine in the ollowing chapters Specific

attention to historiography will be largely implicit but the actors that con-

tribute to views o authority will receive greater attention And although the

resemblance approach risks oversimplification i used by itsel it is none-

theless useul or orienting ourselves at the outset Our list o resemblances

takes its cue rom Websterrsquos but with an important distinction Although he

ramed retrieval specifically in terms o the discipline o systematic theology

our study considers theological retrieval more broadly We use the term re-

trieval to describe a mode or style o theological reasoning that transcends its

deployment in the field o systematic theology In positing his resemblances

Webster has in mind a set o problems to which retrieval is an antidote spe-

cifically the epistemological posture o modernity and the attending neglect

o classically Christian modes o thought and inquiry Similarly the theologies

45Ludlow provides several examples (see Ludlow Gregory pp 983090983096983095-9830971048625)




10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

o retrieval we selected or this study in one way or another are attempting to

respond to both o these issues (1048625) the corrosiveness o modernity or genu-

inely Christian aith and practice and (1048626) their unapologetic dependence onways o thinking and living they believe are native to Christianity

Looking across the spectrum o just the retrievals in the ollowing

chapters we detect the ollowing set o resemblances Identiying them at

the outset will keep the reader attentive or their appearance

(1048625) Te theologies o retrieval considered here turn to the past because

they survey the resources available in the present and find them wanting

inadequate or meeting contemporary needs and opportunities As JohnWebster observes late modern practitioners o retrieval have studied the

history o Christian belie ldquoas a diagnostic to identiy what are taken to be

misdirections in modern theology and then the deployment o history as a

resource to overcome themrdquo9830921048630 Andrew Walker and Robin Parry suggest that

the church exists in the midst o ldquoits third and most serious schismrdquo9830921048631 Te

present needs help rom the past

William J Abraham situates a proposal or a collaborative and wide-ranging project o retrieval by taking inventory o the contemporary state

o affairs He introduces Canonical Teism A Proposal for Teology and the

Church by listing the ailures and inadequacies that mark contemporary

theology philosophy culture politics and churches

Liberal Protestants are still trying to hold on to some crucial academic centers

o power but they are at the end o the line Evangelicals are looking or

deeper roots and wider commitments but they are currently hitting out in alldirections and not least at each other Roman Catholicism is taking stock

afer Vatican II but it is internally divided Orthodoxy is searching or its

own voice afer the cruelty o oppression but it is sorely tempted to withdraw

rom debate Pentecostalism is coming o age intellectually but it is unsure

i it will really find a hearing in the church as a whole Liberation theology has

lifed up the plight o the poor and oppressed but it has allen into shrill

moralism and or the most part exhausted its resources Karl Barth is making a

comeback but his disciples are in danger o alling into a barren scholasticism9830921048632

46Webster ldquoTeologies o Retrievalrdquo p 98309398309698309347Andrew G Walker and Robin A Parry Deep Church Rising Te Tird Schism and the Recovery of

Christian Orthodoxy (Eugene OR Cascade 9830901048624983089983092) p 98309348William J Abraham introduction to Canonical Teism A Proposal for Teology and the Church ed






1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

contemporary scientific field theory10486291048626 Te point is Pannenbergrsquos retrieval was

not ad hoc nor did he always operate in that mode Rather with a specific

contemporary theological challenge in mindmdashthe divine persons and theirrelationsmdashhe sought figures rom an era in which this topic was explored at

great depth because they held theological relevance or the need at hand

Te theologies o retrieval considered in this book share this same resem-

blance For instance to redress deficiencies in biblical interpretation some

advocates o theological interpretation o Scripture (IS) receive patristic

and medieval exegetes (chap 1048625) and new monastics in order to redirect the

churchrsquos mission recover orms o lie present in past monastic andmonastic-like movements (chap 1048629) Neither casts about randomly rather

they careully select and seek to wisely employ resources rom particular

locations because o the alien relevance they are believed to hold or today10486291048627

(1048626) Each retrieval holds the view that history is a field of divine action Mo-

dernity had the effect o largely removing God rom the realm o history or

at least o making it problematic or how to think about the use o human

reason and agency in relation to Godrsquos action in the world ldquoIneffable in beingand inscrutable in his designsrdquo Louis Dupreacute observes ldquoGod withdrew rom

the original synthesis altogetherrdquo1048629983092 Tese theologies o retrieval however ex-

plicitly or implicitly trade on the common conession that history is the realm

o divine operation and thereore that resources rom the Christian past are

serviceable or the present Tat is history is not merely the eminent domain

o creaturely activity but the space in which Godrsquos providential care and pres-

ervation are carried out A view o history such as this does not baptize the

developments and theology o every era o the churchrsquos history it is not as i

the Christian tradition is devoid o missteps and error Rather such a view o

history trains the contemporary theologianrsquos attention onto the Christian past

in order to discern the Spiritrsquos presence in spite of human railties and mistakes

In doing so the theologian alls into the cadence o receiving and passing on

52Wolart Pannenberg Systematic Teology 983091 vols (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 10486259830979830971048625ndash1048625983097983097983096) vol 1048625

chap 983093 and vol 983090 chap 983095 respectively On Pannenbergrsquos theological method see Kent Eilers

Faithful to Save Pannenberg on Godrsquos Reconciling Action (London amp Clark 98309098308810486251048625)53Te phrase ldquoalien relevancerdquo was prompted by an observation made by intellectual historian

Quentin Skinner (see ldquoA Reply to My Criticsrdquo in Meaning and Context ed James ully [Prince-

ton NJ Princeton University Press 1048625983097983096983096] p 983090983096983095)54Louis Dupreacute Passage to Modernity (New Haven C Yale University Press 1048625983097983097983091) p 983091





Retrieving the view o history as a field o divine action is at least partly

due to renewed confidence in Christianityrsquos own conceptual and linguistic

resources Te articulation o what history ldquoisrdquo and how one conceives thenature o the interactions between divine and human agency takes a par-

ticular shape under the influence o ormative doctrines such as the rinity

providence and pneumatology Tis leads us to the next resemblance

(1048627) Tese theologies o retrieval display confidence in the language and con-

ceptual resources of Christianity Rather than seeking to correlate with the

accepted norms and practices o our era the problems at hand can be ldquocor-

rected by skillul deployment o the intellectual and spiritual capital oChristianityrdquo10486291048629 In other words the grammar or logic o Christian belie and

its practices are unapologetically taken as ready resources or the work o

theology Such grammar or ldquocapitalrdquo is drawn rom within Christianityrsquos ca-

nonical Scriptures ecumenical creeds the doctrinal matrices o particular

traditions o Christian aith the ormative and influential figures within

various ecclesial traditions (eg Catholic post-Reormation monastic) and

liturgical practices and orms o lie Tough Enlightenment sensibilitiesprized versions o objective neutralitymdashthe attempt to remove ourselves rom

bias or particularitymdashthese theologies o retrieval seek to embody climb

within and work out rom the particularity o Christian belie and lie

(1048628) From the perspective o retrieval theology is rightly understood as a

churchly endeavor that is theology is to be done primarilymdashnot exclusively but

primarilymdashwith and or the church Tis does not mean that theology operates

without reerence to or significance or the world beyond the church Rather

theology inormed by retrieval is in John Websterrsquos words ldquogenerally governed

by the relation o theology to the community o aith as its primary sphererdquo10486291048630

Tis community o aith has a history and that historyrsquos Lord is the risen and

exalted Christ Teologies o retrieval are grounded in the confidence that God

has been at work in the world in and through the ebb and flow o history in-

cluding the centuries since the New estament era Tis community o aith

embodied in the church has a past a present and a uture and this history in-

orms both the motives and substance o retrieval in at least two ways

First the church-in-history is the community o aith in which resources

55Webster ldquoTeologies o Retrievalrdquo p 98309398309698309756Ibid p 9830939830961048628




10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

o retrieval are sought and rom which they are drawn It is not just toward

some generic ldquopastrdquo that retrieval looks but to the history o Christianity Te

church o Christ did not begin with the ounding o todayrsquos local churchesRather Godrsquos work and witness in the world through the church has been

present since the time o the New estament Retrieval turns to this work and

witness in its search or resources or contemporary use From their investi-

gation o the Nicene Creed to the Anglican Book of Common Prayer rom

the Rule o St Benedict to the hymns o Charles Wesley the practitioners o

retrieval considered in this study look or resources within the history o

Christianity the history o the church10486291048631

Second the church constitutes not only the context rom which resources

o retrieval are drawn but also the primary arena in which they are brought to

bear today Retrieval entails the church o yesterday helping the church o today

to think speak and act rightly At its best retrieval is not ldquomere restorationrdquo o

a theological ormulation or liturgical practice ldquobut a deep proound and pas-

sionate engagement with truthrdquo in word and deed10486291048632 For example the retrievals

we selected include those that serve reading the Bible ormulating Christianbelie participating in corporate worship in the church pursuing personal

Christian ormation and undertaking Christian mission in the worldmdashtoday

An important effect o their churchly orientation is that theologies o

retrieval are characterized by two types o ecumenicity ecumenicity across

time and ecumenicity across Christian traditions First practitioners o re-

trieval believe a proound continuity exists in the church across time In Te

Genesis of Christian Doctrine Alister McGrath notes that there is ldquoa common

actor o central importance to the reappropriation o the past communal

continuity with the past rdquo10486291048633 Tis continuity does not consist in unthinking

reiteration o theological ormulas or attempts simply to reproduce be-

haviors o the past Nor does it consist in commonalities shared by two

57Any engagement with the history o Christianitymdashincluding the theologies o retrieval examined

heremdashinevitably will be shaped by the view o the church held by the one undertaking that engage-

ment Tus retrievals conducted by scholars whose views o the church correspond to or example

the view o the church associated with the Anabaptist or Lutheran or Roman Catholic tradition

will be inormed by those understandings as to ldquowhererdquo genuine Christianity is ound in the past

and which church(es) constitute ldquothe true churchrdquo (see William J Abraham ldquoCanonical Teism

Tirty Tesesrdquo in Abraham Vickers and Van Kirk Canonical Teism pp 983094-983095)58Robert E Webber Ancient-Future Worship (Grand Rapids Baker Books 983090983088983088983096) p 104862598308898309759McGrath Genesis of Doctrine p 1048625983096983096 (emphasis original)





churchesmdashthe church o the past and the church o the present Rather this

continuity is ontological Te ldquochurch o the pastrdquo and the ldquochurch o the

presentrdquo are in act one church Tus Bryan Litfin writes ldquoOur ocus on theuture must take into account the grand story o which we all are a part

We are small figures inevitably carried orward by the weight o the holy

catholic church whose sails are filled by the mighty wind o the Holy Spirit

Te church o the Lord Jesus Christ is indeed a divine workrdquo10486301048624 Tere is a

ldquocontinuous heritage in the aithrdquo which means that ldquoall the centuries o

Christian historyrdquo are the ldquorightul possessionrdquo o the church today1048630983089

Second many retrievals are marked by highlighting continuities across tradi-tions o Christianity In addition to a more extensive chronological reach re-

trieval ofen expresses and advances a more catholic ecclesiastical reach Many

theologians who employ retrieval turn to people and resources beyond their

own usual ecclesial-theological rame o reerence Tis is perhaps most no-

ticeable among Protestants For example some Protestants rom within his-

torically nonliturgical and nonsacramental ecclesial traditions are adapting

principles and practices rom liturgical and sacramental traditions Reachinga bit urther some are drawing rom people resources and streams o Christi-

anity that their own tradition has ofen categorized as ldquoEastern Orthodoxrdquo or

ldquoRoman Catholicrdquomdashand has thereby neglected George Kalantzis summarizes

a perspective that both prompts and inorms many retrievals when he writes

that ldquothe history and tradition o the church is not the birthright o any one

Christian communion but a shared heritage that has been is and must con-

tinue to be integral to all Christian communions We all Protestant Catholic

or Orthodox drink rom the same well o a common Christian traditionrdquo10486301048626

(1048629) Closely related to the previous resemblance the theologies o retrieval

considered here ace the challenge o Christianityrsquos sociality Tat is Christian

existence is socially embodied and this means that expressions o Christian

aithmdashdoctrine liturgy spiritual practices orms o liemdashare embedded within

communities in particular times places and cultures We might say that Chris-

tianity is in this sense always ldquolocalrdquo Christian existence always has its eet on

60Bryan M Litfin Getting to Know the Church Fathers (Grand Rapids Brazos 983090983088983088983095) p 983090983094104862861Ibid p 98309098309562George Kalantzis ldquoEpilogue Radical-ness o the Evangelical Faithrdquo in Evangelicals and the Early

Church ed George Kalantzis and Andrew ooley (Eugene OR Cascade 9830909830881048625983090) p 9830901048628983091 He goes

on to observe that the ldquospringrdquo that eeds this well is ldquothe early Christian centuriesrdquo




10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

the ground in actual time and space At the same time in all their diverse ldquolo-

calityrdquo expressions o Christianity are also ldquouniversalrdquo Christians are connected

to those o other times and places through their common membership in thebody o Christ As the author o Hebrews writes we are surrounded by ldquoa great

cloud o witnessesrdquo that transcends our locality (Heb 104862510486261048625-1048627) Te dialectic be-

tween locality and universality has been the case or Christian aith rom its

inception (a point commonly emphasized among missiologists)10486301048627

All this may seem too obvious to point out However sociality bears im-

portantly on the work o theological retrieval in at least two ways First un-

derstanding the past requires careul deliberation about the social environ-mentsmdashwhat we will later call ldquosocial imaginariesrdquomdasho the locations rom

which retrieval is being attempted Objects o retrieval do not float in a void

rather they are lived and expressed in particular communities Tis is not to

reduce the content o Christian distinctiveness to its cultural-linguistic ele-

ments or relativize Christianityrsquos claims to universal truth It is merely to say

that comprehending ideas or practices in the Christian past requires us to

consider the social actors that contributed to their flourishing

1048630983092

Second orobjects o recovery to flourish in the present (doctrines practices etc) the-

ologies o retrieval must navigate the matter o social continuity and discon-

tinuity between then and now Te aim o theological retrieval is not merely

the comprehension o how Christians thought or acted in the past but the

orward movement o the church Tus we must discern and navigate the

social particularities o Christian belie and practice both then and now

(983094) Finally the act o retrieval obligates one to recognize and navigate

historical continuity and discontinuity Change is a universal and patently

obvious characteristic o historical existence and the very notion o retrieval

implicitly posits that there has been some type o rupture or discontinuitymdash

otherwise retrieval would not be needed Te modern era and our own

timemdashwhether we regard it as modern postmodern or hypermodernmdashis

63See imothy ennent Teology in the Context of World Christianity (Grand Rapids Zondervan

983090983088983088983095) Andrew Walls Te Missionary Movement in Christian History (Maryknoll NY Orbis 1048625983097983097983094)64A fine example is J odd Billings and I John Hesselink eds Calvinrsquos Teology and Its Reception

(Louisville KY Westminster John Knox 9830909830881048625983090) Te editors write ldquoo understand and access

contemporary efforts at retrieval [o Calvinrsquos thought] readers should seek to understand Cal-

vinrsquos writings in their sixteenth-century context as well as the various ways in which they have

been received in the pastrdquo (xvi)





not alone in seeing an inextricable connection between ldquohistoryrdquo and

ldquochangerdquo It is one o the necessary parts o this bothand continuity and

change Te modern era can however be challenged or its almost myopicpreoccupation with change and newness (indeed dis-continuity) to the

virtual exclusion o continuity ldquoIn most fields o intellectual and artistic

culturerdquo Carl Schorske writes ldquotwentieth-century Europe and America

learned to think without history rdquo He continues

Te very word ldquomodernismrdquo has come to distinguish our lives and times rom

what had gone beore rom history as a whole as such Modern architecture

modern music modern sciencemdashall these have defined themselves not somuch out o the past indeed scarcely against the past but detached rom it in

a new autonomous cultural space Te modern mind grew indifferent to

history or history conceived as a continuous nourishing tradition became

useless to its projects10486301048629

Te retrievals occupying our attention in the ollowing pages challenge this

by attempting in myriad ways to think again with history more specifically

with the Christian tradition whether that is the biblical narrative or perhapsmore broadly the Great radition

Tat being said retrieval does not deny the act o change It does however

challenge the modern tendency to presume that change is (always) good as

well as the accompanying tendency to emphasize change to the virtual ne-

glect o continuity Beginning in the 10486251048633983094983088s and beyond numerous historical

theologians including Jaroslav Pelikan and R P C Hanson began to chal-

lenge this bias toward change10486301048630

For example Pelikan observes that ldquothechurch historian shares an occupational hazard with all other historians he

tends to be more interested in change than in continuityrdquo And ldquoTis interest

in change takes the orm o a preoccupation with doctrinal controversy and

theological speculation to produce the impression that the development o

Christian doctrine is ar more erratic and fitul than it has been in actrdquo10486301048631

Even a historical theologian such as Maurice Wiles who writing at the same

65Carl E Schorske Tinking with History Explorations in the Passage to Modernism (Princeton NJ

Princeton University Press 1048625983097983097983096) p 104862866Pelikan Development Pelikan Historical Teology and R P C Hanson Te Continuity of Chris-

tian Doctrine (New York Seabury 10486259830979830961048625)67Jaroslav Pelikan ldquoAn Essay on the Development o Christian Doctrinerdquo Church History 983091983093 (1048625983097983094983094) 983096




1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

time as Pelikan and Hanson advocated substantive revisions to the content

o the received doctrinal tradition o the church recognized that ldquothe idea o

radical discontinuity in doctrine is not strictly conceivable Tere mustalways be a relation o some sort between what has gone beore and what

comes aferrdquo10486301048632 Finding the relation between what has gone on beore and

what comes afer is apparent in the retrievals considered here and in act

they embrace the connection in one way or another

Rowan Williams aptly rames continuity and discontinuity by the doc-

trine o Christrsquos body the church For Williams retrieval is made possible by

our shared membership within Christrsquos body ldquoI we begin rom our axiomo common membership in the Body there will always be gifs to be received

rom the pastrdquo10486301048633 Tis is so because ldquoWe are all in the Church living lsquoin the

wakersquordquo o Godrsquos agency that precedes all our ldquothoughts and initiativesrdquo10486311048624 Tis

has the important consequence that ldquoi we are ree to listen to the strange

and recognizable lsquoothernessrsquo o the past this may help us in dealing with

what is strange to us nowrdquo1048631983089 On the one hand encountering the past we find

strangers living in a different time and place and with their own conven-tions o thought and culture On the other hand we also find ellow members

in the body o Christ and thereore ldquoriendsrdquo Tese ellow members o

Christrsquos body ldquoare helpul to us not because they are just like us but in ancy

dress but because they are who they are in their own contextrdquo10486311048626 It is a fitting

characterization o the continuity and discontinuity that all retrievals share

Tus wise theological engagement with the Christian past will neither

cast our orerunners as versions o ourselves nor ail to draw on them And

this is so because the risen and exalted Christ acts in the church and the

constancy o his action in the body o Christ links us to and orients us

toward our brothers and sisters rom the past10486311048627 As Stephen Holmes ob-

68Maurice Wiles Te Making of Christian Doctrine (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983095)

p 1048625983094983095 Te point here is neither to deny that there has been discontinuity nor to suggest that all

continuity is good Rather the point is simply to acknowledge and embrace good and proper

continuity which due to the bias toward change too ofen goes unrecognized or neglected

simply because it is ldquooldrdquo or ldquotraditionalrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo69Williams Why Study the Past p 98309798309570Ibid p 10486251048625104862571Ibid72Ibid p 98309098309473Such a view also rejects post-Enlightenment depictions o the God-world relation that trade

exclusively on cosmological inherently deistic explanations o creation and avor a more bibli-





serves ldquoIn giving an account o how a theologian should relate to theolo-

gians o previous generations it is not just the differing historical loca-

tions that are important but the shared ecclesial location toordquo1048631983092

M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

Teorizing about retrieval risks ormulating a theory o retrieval that has

its ldquoeetrdquo nowhere not fitting any actual retrieval in practice John Ciardirsquos

remarks about theories o poetry well apply ldquoWhat has any poet to trust

more than that feel o the thing Teory concerns him only until he picks

up his pen and it begins to concern him again as soon as he lays it downrdquo10486311048629

Our interest is not to develop a theory o retrieval that floats ree rom its

actual practice Tus rather than theorize about retrieval we take six

retrievals in hand turn them about and then press them hard enough

to see what they reveal about retrieval or the thought and lie o the

church And in the process we also gain wisdom regarding Scripture doc-

trine worship spirituality mission and engagement with culture in the

church todayOur selections are by no means comprehensive o contemporary theological

retrieval and resh provocative work appears regularly10486311048630 Several retrievals o

varying scale and stages o maturity were beyond the scope o this book but

would make excellent subjects or uture study most notably retrieval or race10486311048631

cally ldquorealisticrdquo conception o Godrsquos activity in the world74Stephen R Holmes Listening to the Past (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 983090983088983088983090) p 983090104862575John Ciardi ldquoranslatorrsquos Noterdquo in Te Divine Comedy translated by John Ciardi (New York

New American Library 983090983088983088983091) p xxv76During final stages o preparing this manuscript an important book was released rom the re-

nowned patristic scholar Frances Young called Godrsquos Presence A Contemporary Recapitulation of

Early Christianity (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 9830909830881048625983091) Te book is a thoroughgoing

retrieval o patristic wisdom or contemporary theology ldquoA stab at a systematic theology which

has contemporary coherence but is inormed not by the usual dialogue with contemporary

philosophers or theologians but rather by engagement with the theology o the early church

athers who laid down the parameters o Christian theology and enshrined key concepts in the

creedsrdquo (p 1048625) What makes Youngrsquos work distinctly noteworthy is her effort to retrieve the ethos

o patristic thought and in doing so to permit even her theological method to be influenced by it77See Willie J Jennings Te Christian Imagination Teology and the Origins of Race (New Haven

C Yale University Press 9830909830881048625983088) Brian Bantum Mulatto A Teology of Race and Christian Hy-

bridity (Waco X Baylor University Press 9830909830881048625983088) J Cameron Carter Race A Teological Account

(New York Oxord University Press 983090983088983088983096) Jonathan ran ldquoTe New Black Teology Retriev-

ing Ancient Sources to Challenge Racismrdquo Christian Century February 983096 9830909830881048625983090 pp 9830901048628-983090983095




10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

gender10486311048632 soteriology 10486311048633 and the spiritual senses10486321048624 as well as specific commu-

nities o aith such as the Hebraic heritage o Christianity 1048632983089 and the tradition

o Pietism10486321048626 Tat being said the examples on which we will ocus are illus-

78See Nonna Verna Harrison Godrsquos Many-Splendored Image Teological Anthropology for Christian

Formation (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 9830909830881048625983088) pp 983097983090-983097983094 Morwenna Ludlow Gregory of

Nyssa Ancient and (Post)modern (Oxord Oxord University Press 983090983088983088983095) chaps 1048625983088-10486251048628 Sarah

Coakley ldquoIntroduction Gender rinitarian Analogies and the Pedagogy o the Songrdquo in Re-

thinking Gregory of Nyssa ed Sarah Coakley (Oxord Blackwell 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-1048625983091 originally

published in Modern Teology 1048625983096 no 1048628 (983090983088983088983090) 10486281048625983091-983091983091 Janet Martin Soskice ldquorinity and lsquothe

Feminine Otherrsquordquo New Blackfriars 983095983093 (January 10486259830979830971048628) 983090-983090983096 Verna Harrison ldquoA Gender Reversal

in Gregory o Nyssarsquos First Homily on the Song o Songsrdquo Studia patristica 983090983095 (1048625983097983097983091) 9830911048628-983091983096 KariElisabeth Boslashrresen Subordination and Equivalence Te Nature and Role of Women in Augustine

and Tomas Aquinas (Lanham MD University Press o America 10486259830979830961048625) Coakley provides a

select bibliography o recent work on Augustine related to gender in God Sexuality and the Self

An Essay ldquoOn the rinityrdquo (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 9830909830881048625983091) pp 983091983088983093-98309579See Roger E Olson ldquoDeification in Contemporary Teologyrdquo Teology oday 9830941048628 (983090983088983088983095) 1048625983096983094-

983090983088983088 Paul L Gavrilyuk ldquoTe Retrieval o Deification How a Once-Despised Archaism Became

an Ecumenical Desideratumrdquo Modern Teology 983090983093 (983090983088983088983097) 9830941048628983095-983093983097 Goumlsta Hallonsten ldquoTeosis

in Recent Researchrdquo in Partakers of the Divine Nature ed Michael J Christensen and Jeffery A

Wittung (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 983090983088983088983095) pp 9830909830961048625-983097983091 Tis retrieval spans conessional

lines as the ollowing sources illustrate Lutheran Jonathan Linman ldquoMartin Luther lsquoLittle

Christs or the Worldrsquo Faith and Sacraments as Means to Teosisrdquo in Christensen and WittungPartakers of the Divine Nature pp 1048625983096983097-983097983097 Carl E Braaten and Robert W Jenson eds Union

with Christ (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048625983097983097983096) uomo Mannermaa Christ Present in Faith Lu-

therrsquos View of Justification (Minneapolis Fortress 983090983088983088983093) Wesleyan Michael J Christensen ldquoJohn

Wesley Christian Perection as Faith Filled with the Energy o Loverdquo in Christensen and Wit-

tung Partakers of the Divine Nature pp 9830901048625983097-983090983097 Ben Drewery ldquoDeificationrdquo in Christian Spiri-

tuality ed Peter Brooks (London SCM 1048625983097983095983093) pp 983091983091-983094983090 Reormed Kyle Strobel ldquoJonathan

Edwards and the Polemics o Teosisrdquo Harvard Teological Review 1048625983088983093 no 983091 (9830909830881048625983090) 983090983093983097-983095983097

Strobel Jonathan Edwardsrsquos Teology A Reinterpretation (London amp Clark 9830909830881048625983090) esp pp

1048625983090983093-1048628983094 10486259830971048628-983097983094 983090983091983090 Michael McClymond ldquoSalvation as Divinization Jonathan Edwards Greg-

ory Palamas and the Teological Uses o Neoplatonismrdquo in Jonathan Edwards ed Oliver Crisp

and Paul Helm (Surrey Ashgate 9830909830889830881048628) pp 1048625983091983097-983094983088 Carl Mosser ldquoTe Greatest Possible Bless-ing Calvin and Deificationrdquo Scottish Journal of Teology 983093983093 (983090983088983088983090) 983091983094-983093983095 Yang-Ho Lee ldquoCalvin

on Deification A Reply to Carl Mosser and Jonathan Slaterrdquo Scottish Journal of Teology 983094983091

(9830909830881048625983088) 983090983095983090-9830961048628 J odd Billings ldquoJohn Calvin United to God Trough Christrdquo in Christensen

and Wittung Partakers of the Divine Nature pp 983090983088983088-9830901048625983096 Billings Union with Christ Myk Ha-

bets ldquoReorming Teosisrdquo in Teosis ed Stephen Finlan and Vladimir Kharlamov (Cambridge

James Clarke 983090983088983088983094) pp 10486251048628983094-983094983095 Habets Teosis in the Teology of Tomas orrance Ashgate

New Critical Tinking in Religion Teology and Biblical Studies (Surrey Ashgate 983090983088983088983097) evan-

gelical Marcus Peter Johnson One with Christ An Evangelical Teology of Salvation (Wheaton

IL Crossway 9830909830881048625983091) Robert V Rakestraw ldquoBecoming Like God An Evangelical Doctrine o

Teosisrdquo Journal of the Evangelical Teological Society 1048628983088 (1048625983097983097983095) 983090983093983095-98309498309780Sarah Coakley and Paul Gavrilyuk eds Te Spiritual Senses (Cambridge Cambridge University

Press 98309098308810486251048625)81Marvin R Wilson Exploring Our Hebraic Heritage A Christian Teology of Roots and Renewal

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 98309098308810486251048628)82Roger E Olson and Christian Collins Winn Reclaiming Pietism Retrieving an Evangelical

radition (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 9830909830881048625983093)





trative windows into the mode o theological reflection that is retrieval Tey

give the reader a view o what is common among theologies o retrieval more

broadly and they demonstrate the diversity characteristic o a mode o re-flection rather than a unified school o thought Tey are also prominent in the

contemporary scene so the reader will not need to look ar to find them Finally

these retrievals open up into major areas o Christian reflection So while we

made no attempt to link each retrieval exclusively to a single theological locus

in the course o considering them the reader will be drawn into reflection on

the doctrine o Scripture the rinity corporate worship the Christian lie

mission and the metaphysics that uel the churchrsquos engagement with cultureTe progression o chapters ollows a pattern not unamiliar to dogmatic

study ormal mattersmdashScripture and the task o theology the inner lie o the

churchmdashworship and spirituality and the outreaching o the churchmdashmission

and presence in the world Reflective o the diversity among retrievals there is

some variety among the precise structures o the chapters Tere are also

however common elements shared by all o them Each chapter begins with a

brie introduction which orients the reader to a particular orm o retrievalKey elements are then identified and considered and attention is given to the

theological commitments that und the retrieval Against the background o

this description and analysis the retrieval is examined through a close en-

gagement with selected actual instances o the orm o retrieval that is the

subject o the chapter And each chapter is enriched by bringing an illumi-

nating interpretive anglemdashrom jazz and architecture to social theory and the

history o ideasmdashinto conversation with its orm o retrieval

Chapter one considers theological interpretation o Scripture as retrieval

o the Bible or the church Critical methods o biblical interpretation have

dominated in the academy and the church since the Enlightenment Such

methods consider theological claims problematic because o their biasing

effect on the reader or their association with the church rather than the

academy Tose advocating or theological interpretation seek (in various

ways) to reorder the relationship between the interpreters o Scripture and

the theological doctrinal claims that are undamental to Christian identity

Tis necessitates as we will see some consideration o the social actors

involved with such retrieval It also raises not a ew questions about the

practices o interpretation that are being retrieved specifically the disconti-




1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

nuities between their ldquotheological culturesrdquo and our own Charles aylorrsquos

concept o social imaginary will be useul to us as we unpack this urther

While all the retrievals in this study are theological in character chaptertwo ocuses on retrievals or theology per se Te church must steward all o

its resources in relation to the historical dynamic o continuity and change

but this is ofen o particular significance when it relates to the ormulation

and articulation o Christian belie In theology in the modern era the em-

phasis has predominantly allen on change and the changes proposed have

ofen been significantly shaped by philosophical or cultural criteria applied

without substantive guidance rom the theological heritage o the church Teresulting trajectory has both contributed to and been reinorced by the sepa-

ration o the theological enterprise rom the church and Christian lie Re-

trievals or theology work to overcome both the separation o the church rom

its theological past and the separation o theology rom the church by con-

structively employing long-neglected resources or Christian belie A cognate

discipline the history o ideas provides angles o approach that helpully il-

lumine these retrievalsTe retrievals considered in the next two chapters directly complement

and in some interesting respects parallel each other Some retrievals or

Christian spirituality (chapter 1048628) have led to a renewed appreciation or the

importance o the corporate dimensions o spiritual lie and in chapter

three we consider retrieval or corporate worship Tis central practice in the

lie o the church has been the subject o much study debate and proound

change in recent years While many o these changes have been guided by

the value o attraction and the adoption o principles and practices rom

contemporary popular culture many retrievals or worship are giving at-

tention to Christian ormation and drawing rom historical liturgies o the

church By way o illustration we will explore a recent book o ldquocommon

prayerrdquo and the worship principles and practices o two church congrega-

tions Furthermore church buildings most ofen provide the physical setting

in which corporate worship takes place and developments in ecclesiastical

architecture over the course o the twentieth century and into the presentmdash

some o which constitute a retrieval in church architecturemdashprovide en-

gaging metaphors and images or thinking about retrieval or worship

Recent years have seen increased attention to spirituality in both society





at large and Christianity Te reaction to this is mixed among those who take

interest whether theoretical or applied in nurturing Christian lie On one

hand they are encouraged by the resh interest and energy now being givento spirituality On the other they have concerns ranging rom the re-

inorcement o unhealthy principles and practices within Christianity to the

bypassing o distinctively Christian resources or nurturing spiritual lie

Chapter our examines contemporary retrievals or Christian spirituality an

important approach to addressing many o these concerns Tese retrievals

are shaping contemporary Christian spirituality through reclaiming perspec-

tives such as respect or the roles o the material and the corporate in spiri-tuality and practices such as contemplation and other spiritual disciplines

Retrievals or spirituality are ofen characterized by a quest or wisdom and

a recent exploration by philosophers o ldquocruciorm wisdomrdquo provides an in-

ormative conceptual companion to the quest or spiritual wisdom

In chapter five new monastics and their retrieval o monastic-like orms

o lie and practice or the sake o mission bring us ull circle to where we

began in chapter one Like our study o theological interpretation o Scriptureshowed new monastic retrieval affirms historical continuity with the

Christian past while likewise having to contend with serious cultural discon-

tinuity Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove provides an example or how some new

monastics attempt to navigate these challenges New monastics identiy a

thread running throughout the Christian tradition and across conessional

and denominational lines Going by various names the ldquomonastic impulserdquo

names a social reality o Christian aithulness Te unavoidably social nature

o retrieval is apparent again Charles aylor provided an interpretive angle

or parsing sociality related to theological interpretation o Scripture Etienne

Wengerrsquos social theory o learning will open this up again here with addi-

tional nuance

Te cosmos is the ocus o chapter six and the expansive nature o the

word cosmos is meant to draw attention to the bold range o this retrieval

In this chapter we consider the diverse ecumenical project o Radical Or-

thodoxy (RO) ROrsquos retrieval has sought to recover a comprehensive meta-

physics o participationmdasha Platonic-Christian ontologymdashthat views every-

thing in terms o its undamental nonreducible participation in God Up to

this point in the book we have reerred to this chapter through terms like




10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

ldquoengagement with culturerdquo but only or lack o better shorthand ldquoCulturerdquo

could easily be interpreted too narrowly whereas ROrsquos retrieval o a par-

ticipatory metaphysic is meant to uel not merely the churchrsquos engagementwith culture but everything indeed the Cosmos Te engine o ROrsquos retrieval

is driven by the telling o a particular story the genealogy o modernity and

with it the rise o the secular Tis is central or RO because its genealogy

not only narrates the tale o how a participatory metaphysic was lost but

shows the way toward retrieving it through various key figures as well Teir

retrieval thereore ocuses on a cast o characters ranging rom Augustine

to Aquinas rom Maritain to De Lubac John Milbank and Catherine Pick-stock will illustrate this retrieval or us and their interaction with the

Christian tradition will ask important questions about the tension that exists

between stability and change constraint and freedom in the reception and

transmission o tradition Te conceptualities o jazz improvisation will

provide an apt way to press into this tension

R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143

Abraham William J Jason E Vickers and Natalie B Van Kirk eds Canonical

Teism A Proposal for Teology and the Church Grand Rapids Eerdmans

10486269830889830881048632

Allen Michael and Scott R Swain Reformed Catholicity Te Promise of Retrieval

for Teology and Biblical Interpretation Grand Rapids Baker Academic 104862698308810486251048629

Humphrey Edith M Scripture and radition What the Bible Really Says Grand

Rapids Baker Academic 104862698308810486251048627

Ludlow Morwenna Gregory of Nyssa Ancient and (Post)modern Oxord OxordUniversity Press 104862698308810486251048627

Webster John ldquoRessourcement Teology and Protestantismrdquo In Ressourcement

A Movement for Renewal in wentieth-Century Teology edited by Gabriel

Flynn and Paul D Murray pp 104862810486321048626-10486331048629 Oxord Oxord University Press 104862698308810486251048628

mdashmdashmdash ldquoTeologies o Retrievalrdquo In Te Oxford Handbook of Systematic Teology

edited by John Webster Kathryn anner and Iain orrance Oxord Oxord

University Press 10486269830889830881048632

Williams Rowan Why Study the Past Te Quest for the Historical Church

Grand Rapids Eerdmans 10486269830889830881048629




852017

Scripture

Anyone who thinks he has understood the divine

scriptures or any part of them but cannot by his understanding

build up this double love of God and neighbor has not

yet succeeded in understanding them

S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089

Read Scripture like any other book

B983141983150983146983137983149983145983150 J983151983159983141983156983156 ldquoO983150 983156983144983141 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141rdquo1048626

I983150 983137983150 983145983150983156983141983154983158983145983141983159 983145983150 983090983088983088983092 a well-reputed biblical scholar described his

relationship to the Bible as ldquoschizophrenicrdquo1048627 It was schizophrenic in the

sense that his approach to the Bible as a person o aith was different romhis academic approach ldquoIn my [academic] work I attempt to deal with the

Bible as I would deal with any work o literature And to treat the history o

Israel as I would treat the history o England or Russia or China that is an

attempt at a scientific historical approachrdquo As a person o aith the Bible

shaped his lie belies ethics moral concerns and religious outlook but he

describes these as a ldquoprivate aspectrdquo o his relationship to the Bible ldquoSo I think

1St Augustine On Christian eaching trans R P H Green Oxord World Classics (Oxord

Oxord University Press 1048625983097983097983095) p 9830909830952Benjamin Jowett ldquoOn the Interpretation o Scripturerdquo in Te Interpretation of Scripture and Other

Essays (1048625983096983094983088 repr London George Routledge amp Sons 1048625983097983088983095) p 9830953Hershel Shanks ldquoContrasting Insights o Biblical Giants BAR Interviews Elie Wiesel and Frank

Moore Crossrdquo BAR 983091983088 no 1048628 (JulyAugust 9830909830889830881048628) 983090983096-983091983094




10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

that there are these two very different sides to my relation to the Biblerdquo he

reported ldquoOne my proessional lie the other a more private concern in-

terest and ascination with the Biblerdquo983092 His testimony is illuminating not be-cause it represents the approach o every Christian biblical scholar Rather it

portrays the outworking o an axiom voiced by Benjamin Jowett in 10486251048632983094983088

ldquoRead Scripture like any other bookrdquo1048629

oday Jowettrsquos precept is being challenged Under the broad banner o

ldquotheological interpretation o Scripturerdquo (IS) many biblical scholars and theo-

logians are retrieving approaches to the Bible that predate modernity prac-

tices o interpretation ofen called premodern or ldquoprecriticalrdquo1048630

Tese ap-proaches attempt to recast the relationship between readers texts and history

so that the Bible is interpreted by Christians not as a book like any other book

but as Scripture1048631 In this sense the attack against Jowettrsquos axiom is more basi-

cally an assault against the assumptions and logic which underlie it

It is because the underlying logic o Jowettrsquos axiom is predominantly

modern many advocates or IS argue that it has held such considerable sway

in modern biblical scholarship

1048632

Te intelligibility o ldquoread Scripture like anyother bookrdquo depends upon particularly modern assumptions about readers

texts and history Tese assumptions are likewise inscribed upon methods o

biblical study that have dominated in the modern university especially his-

torical criticism ldquoLike citizens in the classical liberal staterdquo Jon Levenson ob-

4Ibid p 9830919830885Benjamin Jowett ldquoInterpretationrdquo p 983095 We are certainly aware that as R W L Moberly points

out the issues involved with biblical interpretation are far more complex than the polarity be-

tween the Bible like any other book and the Bible unlike any other book (see R W L MoberlyTe Bible Teology and Faith A Study of Abraham and Jesus [Cambridge Cambridge University

Press 983090983088983088983088] chap 1048625) Jowettrsquos axiom simply operates as a heuristic to introduce the theme o

this chapter6For an overview o the development o IS since Karl Barth see Daniel J reier Introducing

Teological Interpretation of Scripture Recovering a Christian Practice (Grand Rapids Baker Aca-

demic 983090983088983088983096) chap 1048625 IS is not without its critics or example Paul E Capetz ldquoTeology and

the Historical-Critical Study o the Biblerdquo in Harvard Teological Review 10486259830881048628 no 1048628 (October

98309098308810486251048625) 1048628983093983097-983096983096 D A Carson ldquoTeological Interpretation o Scripture Yes But rdquo in Teo-

logical Commentary Evangelical Perspectives ed Michael Allen (London amp Clark 98309098308810486251048625) pp

1048625983096983095-9830909830889830957Tis is not to say Jowettrsquos maxim holds no avor among contemporary biblical scholars John

Barton reaffirms it saying that biblical criticism ldquorequires the adoption o the same general

hermeneutic or reading the Bible as or any other textrdquo (Te Nature of Biblical Criticism [Louis-

ville KY Westminster John Knox 983090983088983088983095] pp 1048625983095983090 10486259830959830978For a genealogy o Jowettrsquos precept see R W L Moberly ldquolsquoInterpret the Bible Like Any Other

Bookrsquo Requiem or an Axiomrdquo in Journal of Teological Interpretation 10486281048625 (9830909830881048625983088) 9830971048625-10486251048625983088




Scripture 10486281048629

serves ldquoscholars practicing historical criticism o the Bible are expected to

eliminate or minimize their communal loyalties to see them as operative only

within associations that are private nonscholarly and altogether voluntaryrdquo1048633 One obvious consequence o the elimination o communal loyalties (such as

an interpreterrsquos identification with the Church) has been the slow migration

o classic theological belies (and in some cases systematic theology) away

rom biblical studies As Walter Moberly describes

It is common knowledge that modern biblical criticism only became a recog-

nizable discipline through the process o explicit severing o the Bible rom

classical theological ormulations Te basis or this was the belie that onlyso could the Bible be respected and heard in its own right untrammeled by

preconceptions which supposed that the answers were already known even

beore the questions were asked or by anachronistic impositions o the con-

ceptualities and assumptions o subsequent ages9830891048624

Tis is not to say that advocates or IS discount the discipline o modern

biblical studies out o hand Rather many contend that Christian biblical

interpretation must utilize the insights o critical studies while at the sametime remaining wary o its underlying logic and assumptions many o

which they argue are doctrinally insufficient (a model termed ldquopostcriticalrdquo)983089983089

ldquoWe must appropriate without capitulating rdquo Michael Allen argues ldquoHis-

torical method is a wonderul handmaid and a terrible masterrdquo9830891048626

9Jon Levenson ldquoHistorical Criticism and the Fate o the Enlightenment Projectrdquo in Te Hebrew Bible

the Old estament and Historical Criticism (Louisville Westminster John Knox 1048625983097983097983091) p 10486251048625983096

Emphasis added10R W L Moberly Te Bible p 1048628 Similarly Geoffrey Wainwright ldquoowards an Ecumenical

Hermeneutic How Can All Christians Read the Scriptures ogetherrdquo Gregorianum 983095983094 (1048625983097983097983093)

983094983091983097-1048628983097 C Baruch Spinoza Teological-Political reatise second ed translated by Samuel Shirley

(Indianapolis Hackett 9830909830889830881048625) p 98309698309511Richard and R Kendall Soulen suggest three models or theological interpretation that vary

based on their view o the relation between modern biblical criticism and exegesis Te conser-

vative model denies validity to the findings and methods o modern critical tools and reasserts

the unique status o the Bible as a divinely inspired text Te liberal model adopts modern

critical tools and approaches consequently accepting a revised understanding o the nature o

the Biblersquos significance Te postcritical model grants the validity o critical methods o exegesis

but insists on the integrity o specifically theological approaches that regard the Bible as Scrip-

ture Our attention consistently rests on approaches broadly within the postcritical model (see

Richard N Soulen and R Kendall Soulen ldquoTeological InterpretationCriticismrdquo in Handbook

of Biblical Criticism ourth ed [Louisville KY Westminster John Knox 98309098308810486251048625] pp 98309010486251048628-1048625983095)12Michael Allen ldquoTeological Commentaryrdquo in Teological Commentary Evangelical Perspectives

ed Michael Allen (London amp Clark 98309098308810486251048625) p 983094 Allenrsquos ldquohandmaidrdquo metaphor echoes Karl




1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148

Given the range o opinion about the role o modern biblical criticism it is

not surprising that approaches and projects or IS widely vary Some re-

trievals ocus on distinct eras o ChristianitymdashPatristic Medieval or Reor-mation9830891048627mdashand others on specific individuals rom the Christian tradition983089983092

Both approaches seek in one way or another to immerse themselves in their

patterns and habits o interpretation not uncritically but thoroughly and hon-

estly For others lost or underprivileged practices are the primary ocus9830891048629 or

the role o the churchrsquos creeds related to exegesis9830891048630 Some seek wisdom rom

the history o interpretation9830891048631 and still others retrieve doctrines related to the

status o the Bible within the Christian community such as divine inspirationor the economy o salvation9830891048632 Te diversity o approaches and emphases is

due in part to the range o ecclesial locations rom which these proposals arise

but it is also due to how advocates o IS name the problem to which the re-

trieval o IS is the solution (we address this urther in the next section)

Despite its diversity (or maybe because o it) the momentum o IS seems

Barth who motivated by similar concerns described the application o critical tools as ldquopre-

liminary workrdquo that provides a ldquopoint o departure or genuine exegesisrdquo (Te Epistle to the Ro-mans trans Edwyn C Hoskyns 983094th ed [London Oxord University Press 1048625983097983094983096] pp 983095-983096)

13For example (Patristic) Brian E Daley ldquoIs Patristic Exegesis Still Usable Some Reflections on

Early Christian Interpretation o the Psalmsrdquo in Te Art of Reading Scripture ed Ellen F Davis

and Richard B Hays (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 983094983097-983096983096 Christopher Hall Reading

Scripture with the Church Fathers (Downers Grove IL IVP Academic 1048625983097983097983096) (Medieval) Peter

M Candler Jr Teology Rhetoric Manuduction Or Reading Scripture ogether on the Path to God

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983094) David C Steinmetz ldquoTe Superiority o Pre-Critical Exegesisrdquo

Teology oday 983091983095 no 1048625 (1048625983097983096983088) 983090983095-983091983096 (Reormation) imothy George Reading Scripture with

the Reformers (Downers Grove IL IVP Academic 98309098308810486251048625)14For example Jason Byasse Praise Seeking Understanding Reading the Psalms with Augustine

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983095) Peter J Leithart Athanasius Foundations in Teological Ex-egesis and Christian Spirituality (Grand Rapids Brazos 98309098308810486251048625) imothy J Wengert Reading the

Bible with Martin Luther An Introductory Guide (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 9830909830881048625983091)15For example (these could be vastly multiplied) (lectio divina or meditation reading) John Jeffer-

son Davis Meditation and Communion with God Contemplating Scripture in an Age of Distraction

(Downers Grove IL IVP Academic 9830909830881048625983090) (figural reading) Richard B HaysReading Backwards

Figural Christology and the Fourfold Gospel Witness (Waco X Baylor University Press 98309098308810486251048628)16For example Robert Jenson Canon and Creed Interpretation Resources or the Use o Scripture

in the Church (Louisville KY Westminster John Knox 9830909830881048625983088)17For example C Clifon Black Reading Scripture with the Saints (Eugene OR Cascade 98309098308810486251048628)

chapter 983093 David Paul Parris Reading the Bible with Giants How 852018852016852016852016 Years of Biblical Interpreta-

tion Can Shed New Light on Old exts (London Paternoster 983090983088983088983094) John L Tompson Reading

the Bible with the Dead What You Can Learn from the History of Exegesis Tat You Canrsquot Learn

from Exegesis Alone (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983095)18For example Michael Graves Te Inspiration and Interpretation of Scripture What the Early

Church Can each Us (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 98309098308810486251048628) Retrieving doctrines o the economy o

salvation will be our ocus later in the chapter




Scripture 10486281048631

unlikely to wane anytime soon Several commentary series are devoted to it9830891048633

an academic journal10486261048624 a dictionary1048626983089 and the number o proposals or its

method seems to multiply yearly10486261048626 Miroslav Vol even suggests that the ldquoreturno biblical scholars to the theological reading o the Scriptures and the return

o systematic theologians to sustained engagement with the scriptural textsmdashin

a phrase the return o both to theological readings o the Biblemdashis the most

significant theological development in the last two decadesrdquo10486261048627

Te question that remains or our study concerns the manner in which

IS seeks to retrieve patterns o reading Scripture rom the past It is not

especially useul toward the cultivation o theological discernment or us tomerely note that some orms o IS draw on premodern resources in the

effort to revitalize biblical interpretation We need to press more firmly on

the retrieval to discern the conditions on which such retrieval operates and

the actors that contribute to its flourishing Tat is to say or those ap-

proaches to IS which do so what does retrieving lost orgotten or under-

privileged patterns o biblical exegesis necessitate In order or these kinds o

IS to thrive and flourish or them to be ound sensible ways to exegete theBible what is required o the reader What kind o sel-understanding must

19For example Te wo Horizons New estament Commentary and Old estament Commentary

(Eerdmans) Illuminations (Eerdmans) Blackwell Bible Commentaries (Wiley-Blackwell) Belie

A Teological Commentary on the Bible (Westminster John Knox) amp Clark International

Teological Commentary ( amp Clark) Tere is also a single volume commentary on the whole

Bible (Teological Bible Commentary Gail R OrsquoDay and David Peterson eds [Louisville KY WJK

983090983088983088983097]) and book-by-book surveys o the Old and New estaments (Teological Interpretation of

the Old estament Kevin Vanhoozer ed [Grand Rapids Baker Academic 983090983088983088983096] Teological In-

terpretation of the New estament Kevin Vanhoozer ed [Grand Rapids Baker Academic 983090983088983088983096])Commentary series are also devoted to retrieving premodern interpreters the Ancient Christian

Commentary on Scripture (IVP Academic) the Reormation Commentary on Scripture (IVP

Academic) Te Churchrsquos Bible Interpreted by Early Christian Commentators (Eerdmans) Com-

mentary series have also been launched to inorm preaching through theological commentary on

lectionary readings Feasting on the Word Preaching the Revised Common Lectionary (WJK)20Te Journal for Teological Interpretation (Eisenbrauns)21Dictionary for Teological Interpretation of the Bible introduces a wide variety o topics related to

IS (Kevin Vanhoozer ed [Grand Rapids Baker Academic 983090983088983088983093])22For example J odd Billings Te Word of God for the People of God An Entryway to the Teo-

logical Interpretation of Scripture (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 9830909830881048625983088) Black Reading Scripture chap-

ters 983090 and 1048628 Fowl Teological Interpretation of Scripture (Eugene OR Cascade 983090983088983088983097) Joel Green

Practicing Teological Interpretation Engaging Biblical exts for Faith and Formation (Grand Rapids

Baker Academic 98309098308810486251048625) Angus Paddison Scripture A Very Teological Proposal (London amp

Clark 983090983088983088983097)23Miroslav Vol Captive to the Word Engaging the Scriptures for Contemporary Teological Reflection

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 9830909830881048625983088) p 10486251048628 (emphasis original)




10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148

the interpreter have in order or theological exegesis to be a fitting and sen-

sible way to engage Scripture What sorts o assumptions about readers texts

and history must be heldmdashin contrast to the predominantly modern onesthat many advocates o IS decry Tese are the questions we will pursue

ollowing a brie introduction to IS that ocuses on its elements o retrieval

C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161

IS is a recovery movement in the ollowing sense advocates o IS seek to

retrieve a relationship between theology and the practices o biblical exe-

gesis that transcend or rectiy modern developments in biblical studies andtheology which it is believed hinder the interpretation o the Bible as

Scripture What constitutes these modern developments is up or debate A

ew examples illustrate

Retrieving the doctrinal heritage o the church is commonly emphasized

among some advocates o IS In his preace to the Brazos Teological Com-

mentary on the Bible R R Reno cites the ready dismissal o tradition among

contemporary biblical scholars many o whom understand doctrine to beldquothe moldering scrim o antique prejudice obscuring the Biblerdquo1048626983092 Quite the

opposite Reno contends tradition is a ldquoclariying agent an enduring tradition

o theological judgments that amplifies the living voice o Scripturerdquo Other

approaches to IS such as the Eerdmans wo Horizons New estament Com-

mentary attempt to bridge the modern distinctions between systematic the-

ology and biblical studies Te wo Horizons series preace acknowledges the

importance o modern and postmodern approaches to the Bible but it centers

the seriesrsquo interests ldquoon theological readings o the textrdquo that are ldquodeliberately

theologicalrdquo interpreting New estament books canonically and remaining in

conversation with constructive theology10486261048629

Te role o critical methods is ofen the ocus as well In the introduction to

the Dictionary for Teological Interpretation of the Bible Kevin Vanhoozer calls

into question the autonomy o ldquoso-called critical approaches to reading the

24R R Reno series preace to the Brazos Teological Commentary on the Bible (Grand Rapids

Brazos 983090983088983088983093ndash)25Joel B Green and Max urner series preace to the wo Horizons New estament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983093ndash) Other series o theological commentary include the ollow-

ing Belie A Teological Commentary on the Bible (Louisville KY Westminster John Knox)

amp Clark International Teological Commentary (London amp Clark)






1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

the Bible that transcend or rectiy modern developments in biblical exegesis

Peter Leithart says it well

Teological interpretation o Scripture thus involves respect or premodern

interpretation attention to the doctrinal heritage o the church recognition

that Bible scholarship takes place within the church and exists or the edifi-

cation o the church and acknowledgement that interpretation is not a

clinical scientific enterprise but a orm o piety and properly proceeded and

ollowed by prayer praise and worship10486271048624

However the growing popularity o IS should not mask the difficulty o

defining it We should also not assume that its advocates are o one mind

about its practice First a good deal o conessional diversity exists among

emerging proposals1048627983089 Advocates include a wide variety o Protestants

Roman Catholics Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox each with their unique

ecclesial traditions respecting the Bible its history and the relationship be-

tween it and the church10486271048626 Second the theoretical shape o proposals or IS

varies according to the resources and methodologies that are emphasizedmdash

30Peter Leithart Athanasius Foundations o Teological Exegesis and Christian Spirituality (Grand

Rapids Baker Academic 98309098308810486251048625) p 983090983096 On IS as retrieval see also George Lindbeck ldquoPostcritical

Canonical Interpretation Tree Modes o Retrievalrdquo in Teological Exegesis Essays in Honor of Bre-

vard Childs (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048625983097983097983096) pp 983090983094-9830931048625 (esp pp 983090983094-983091983091 983091983093-983091983096 983093983088) Robert Louis

Wilken ldquoInterpreting the Bible as Biblerdquo in Journal for Teological Interpretation 1048628 no 1048625 (983090983088983088983096) 983095-1048625104862831Te institutionalvocational locations o its advocates influence proposals as well See Daniel

reier ldquoWhat Is Teological Interpretation An Ecclesial Reductionrdquo International Journal of

Systematic Teology 1048625983090 no 983090 (9830909830881048625983088) 104862510486281048628-9830941048625 Stephen E Fowl Teological Interpretation of Scrip-

ture Cascade Companions (Eugene OR Cascade 98309010486241048624983097) pp 9830951048630-98309698309632Eastern Orthodox interpreters are not considered in this chapter but several Orthodox scholars are

actively involved in IS or their hermeneutics are broadly consistent with the profile o IS wepresent For example Edith M Humphrey Grand Entrance Worship on Earth as in Heaven (Grand

Rapids Brazos 9830901048624983089983089) idem ldquo983090 Corinthiansrdquo in Teological Interpretation of the New estament A

Book-by-Book Survey ed Kevin Vanhoozer (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 98309010486241048624983096) pp 9830891048624983096-983089983092

idem And I urned to See the Voice Te Rhetoric of Vision in the New estament Studies in Teo-

logical Interpretation (Grand Rapids Baker Academic 98309010486241048624983095) idem Ecstasy and Intimacy When

the Holy Spirit Meets the Human Spirit (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 98309010486241048624983093) Teodore G Stylianopou-

los Encouraged by the Scriptures Essays on Scripture Interpretation and Life (Brookline MA Holy

Cross Orthodox Press 9830901048624983089983089) idem Te New estament An Orthodox Perspective Vol 852017 Scripture

radition Hermeneutics (Brookline MA Holy Cross Orthodox Press 98309010486241048624983092) For introductions to

Orthodox perspectives on the Bible and hermeneutics see George Kalantzis ldquoScripture in Eastern

Orthodoxy Canon radition and Interpretationrdquo in Te Sacred ext Excavating the exts Explor-

ing the Interpretations and Engaging the Teologies of the Christian Scriptures ed Michael Bird and

Michael Paul (Piscataway NJ Gorgias 98309010486249830891048624) pp 9830891048630983091-983095983095 Teodore G Stylianopoulos ldquoPerspec-

tives in Orthodox Biblical Interpretationrdquo in Sacred ext and Interpretation Perspectives in Orthodox

Biblical Studies ed Teodore G Stylianopoulos (Brookline MA Holy Cross Orthodox Press 98309010486241048624983095)

pp 983091983090983093-9830911048630 Our thanks to Edith Humphrey or directing us toward several o these resources




Scripture 10486291048625

precritical linguistic doctrinal canonical cultural-social and so on For

example in making their case or IS some build their presentation around

the appropriate location o Scripturersquos interpretation others the exegeticalstrategies applied some the goal or telos o reading Scripture theologically

and still others the operative agencies at work in the process o interpre-

tation Tird the actual practice o IS varies considerably Simply survey a

handul o theological commentaries and the diversity o approaches and

styles or offering theological commentary is unmistakable

Despite the diversity among advocates and projects they all seek to

engage the Bible as Scripture Tat is as John Webster writes ldquoas more thana set o clues to the history o antique religious culture and so as a text which

may legitimately direct theological reason because in some manner it a-

ords access to Godrsquos sel-communicationrdquo10486271048627 A similar consensus was ound

among the biblical scholars theologians and pastors who gathered under

the title ldquoTe Scripture Projectrdquo Tey met to ldquoexplore to exempliy and to

nurture habits o reading Scripture theologicallyrdquo toward recovering ldquothe

churchrsquos rich heritage o biblical interpretation in a dramatically changedcultural environmentrdquo Advocates or IS would not equally weigh each o

the ollowing nine theses nor would they agree on their ull inclusion as

they are stated here However across the spectrum o IS these nine theses

give a general sense or common ground

983089 Scripture truthully tells the story o Godrsquos action o creating judging

and saving the world

983090 Scripture is rightly understood in light o the churchrsquos rule o aith as acoherent dramatic narrative

983091 Faithul interpretation o Scripture requires an engagement with the

entire narrative the New estament cannot be rightly understood apart

rom the Old nor can the Old be rightly understood apart rom the New

983092 exts o Scripture do not have a single meaning limited to the intent o the

original author In accord with Jewish and Christian traditions we affirm

that Scripture has multiple complex senses given by God the author o the

whole drama

33John Webster ldquoTeologies o Retrievalrdquo in Te Oxford Handbook of Systematic Teology (Oxord

Oxord University Press 983090983088983088983096) p 9830939830971048625




10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

983093 Te our canonical Gospels narrate the truth about Jesus

1048630 Faithul interpretation o Scripture invites and presupposes participation

in the community brought into being by Godrsquos redemptive actionmdashthe

church

983095 Te saints o the church provide guidance in how to interpret and

perorm Scripture

983096 Christians need to read the Bible in dialogue with diverse others outside

the church

983097 We live in the tension between the ldquoalreadyrdquo and the ldquonot yetrdquo o thekingdom o God consequently Scripture calls the church to ongoing dis-

cernment to continually resh rereadings o the text in light o the Holy

Spiritrsquos ongoing work in the world1048627983092

V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141

Returning to the question we posed above what does retrieving IS neces-

sitate Tat is in order or IS to flourish to be ound sensible as a mode o

engaging the words o Scripture what needs to be recovered We approach

the question by way o our vantage points Tese should not be seen in

contrast to one another or they overlap significantly in some cases (such as

John Webster and Kevin Vanhoozer) Rather each recovery allows a slightly

different vantage point on the retrieval o IS and the conditions practices

and cultures required or its retrieval Looking at the movement rom di-erent perspectives we gain a broader sense or the contours o the whole

Tey are (1048625) recovering the Bible as Scripture (1048626) recovering the voice o

Scripturersquos divine author (1048627) recovering a participatory theology of history

and (1048628) recovering the reader

(983089) Recovering the Bible as Scripture John Webster When did the Bible

cease to be Scripture Michael Legaspi traces the origin o modern biblical

studies (and its separation rom systematic theology) to what he calls the ldquodeath

34aken rom Ellen F Davis and Richard B Hays Te Art of Reading Scripture (Grand Rapids

Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627

o Scripturerdquo10486271048629 According to Legaspi the Reormation birthed divisions in the

Western church and this so depleted the Biblersquos prestige that it lost its prior

uniying unction within Western society Although the Bible lost its statusattention to it was ar rom overmdashjust not as Scripture Te German university

would find a place or the now ldquodeadrdquo Bible in its own post-Enlightenment

project According to Legaspi it did so by ldquodisengag[ing] biblical interpretation

rom conessional paradigmsrdquo and made ldquoa new cultural Bible shorn o scrip-

tural propertiesrdquo that could be the ldquocenterpiece o an irenic political theologyrdquo10486271048630

Te modern biblical scholars who thus inherited a ldquodeadrdquo Bible continued to

find it an invaluable cultural resourcemdashphilologically morally aestheticallyand historicallymdashbut it was no longer a text read as Scripture

Legaspirsquos genealogy reveals that our conception o the Biblersquos undamental

nature has determinative significance or how we read it As the argument goes

with the death o the Bible as Scripture modern biblical scholars read the Bible

very differently afer the sixteenth century10486271048631 Given the apparent ldquodemiserdquo o the

Bible as Scripture Jowettrsquos basic precept or interpretationmdashldquoread Scripture like

any other bookrdquomdashdoes not surprise

10486271048632

I the Bible is text but not Scripture asmodern academic study o the Bible has held is necessary or the unction o

biblical criticism then the Biblersquos status and properties its production and trans-

mission and the practices fitting to it are not defined theologically Tat is they

are not understood according to the relation between Scripture and the churchrsquos

conession o God Godrsquos saving acts and the world in relation to those acts

Instead the interpreter o Scripture encounters a text o the same nature as other

texts o the same natural history o production and transmission as other texts

and thus a text whose fitting interpretive practices are the same as other texts

Among Protestants seeking to recover the ontology o the Bible as Scripture

John Webster an Anglican is perhaps the most eloquent10486271048633 In Te Domain of

35Michael Legaspi Te Death of Scripture and the Rise of Biblical Studies (Oxord Oxord Univer-

sity Press 9830909830881048625983088) p 98309136Ibid p 98309437Ibid p 98309098309338See Moberly ldquoInterpretrdquo pp 9830971048625-1048625104862598308839Others include Karl Barth Church Dogmatics I983090 trans Geoffrey W Bromiley ed Geoffrey W

Bromiley and Tomas F orrance (Edinburgh amp Clark 1048625983097983093983094) pp 1048628983093983095-9830951048628983088 Hans Urs von

Balthasar ldquoTe Word Scripture and raditionrdquo in Exploration in Teology vol 1048625 Te Word Made

Flesh (San Francisco Ignatius 1048625983097983096983097) pp 10486251048625-983090983094 More recently D S Yeago ldquoTe Bible Te Spirit

the Church and the Scriptures Biblical Inspiration and Interpretation Revisitedrdquo in Knowing the

riune God Te Work of the Spirit and the Practices of the Church ed J J Buckley and D S Yeago




10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

the Word he defines theological interpretation as ldquointerpretation inormed by

a theological description o the nature o the biblical writings and their re-

ception setting them in the scope o the progress o the saving divine Wordthrough timerdquo9830921048624 I it is not obvious rom the definition the logic o Websterrsquos

argument or theological interpretation is rooted in his account o Scripturersquos

captivation to the triune economy o salvation In other words accounting or

the practices o reading Scripture that are properly theological it is first re-

quired to give a ldquotrinitarian description o Godrsquos ordering o created reality as

the domain o his saving presence and speechrdquo983092983089

Once given the practices o interpretation that are proper to Scriptureand the being o its interpretations are then available Holy Scripture is the

domain o the Word and within this domain creaturely lie and intellect

assumes a particular ldquoshaperdquo in the ldquowake o the Wordrsquos creative rule over

and perecting o its hearersrdquo9830921048626 Tese include ldquocertain intellectual actsmdash

above all the acts o readingmdashand the skills (linguistic literary historical)

needed to accomplish themrdquo

However when treating the actual practice o theological interpretationthe domain o the Word is not lef behind it is not as i Godrsquos dealings with

Scripture ended with its inspiration inscripturation and canonization ldquoTe

reception o the divine Word is not a work o pure naturerdquo Webster avers

ldquorom which the missions o the Word and the Spirit have been banished

Scripture is not simply a text through which God has spoken but which is

now delivered as it were inert and deenseless into our hands as raw material

or our lsquousersquo God speaks in Holy Scripture and through the operation o the

illuminating Spirit God orders and enables its receptionrdquo9830921048627 It is that God

ldquospeaksrdquo through Scripture and not merely ldquohas spokenrdquo

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 9830909830889830881048625) pp 1048628983097-983097983091 Work Living and Active Scripture in Te Economy

of Salvation (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 983090983088983088983090) Joel B Green Seized by ruth Reading the Bible as

Scripture (Nashville Abingdon 983090983088983088983095) Matthew Levering Participatory Biblical Exegesis A Teol-

ogy of Biblical Interpretation (Notre Dame IN University o Notre Dame Press 983090983088983088983096) Paddison

Scripture Scott Swain rinity Revelation and Reading A Teological Introduction to the Bible and

Its Interpretation (London amp Clark 98309098308810486251048625) Darren Sarisky Scriptural Interpretation A Teo-

logical Exploration (Oxord Wiley-Blackwell 9830909830881048625983091)40John Webster Te Domain of the Word Scripture and Teological Reason (London amp Clark

9830909830881048625983090) p 98309198308841Ibid p 104862598309542Ibid p 98309098308843Ibid




Scripture 10486291048629

God speaks as in the Spirit Jesus Christ speaks Te eternal Word made flesh

now enthroned at the right hand o the Father is present and eloquent His

state o exaltation does not entail his absence rom or silence within the realmwithin which he once acted in sel-humiliation rather his exaltation is the

condition or and empowerment o his unhindered activity and address o

creatures Tis address takes the form of Holy Scripture o accomplish his

communicative mission the exalted Son takes into his service a textual tra-

dition a set o human writings so ordering their course that by him they are

made into living creaturely instruments o his address to living creatures983092983092

Te theological understanding both o what Scripture is and what is tobe expected rom those who read it must be understood according to

Webster as a corollary o more central Christian teachings about God his

saving acts and the state o things in light o those acts In short Scripture

is understood in terms o its captivation within the economy o grace and

revelation namely the communicative presence o the risen Christ who

speaks through his Spirit to instruct its readers ldquoHoly Scripture is an el-

ement in the drama o Godrsquos redeeming and communicative sel-givingrdquo9830921048629

o summarize Webster offers a theological account o Scripturersquos on-

tology that culminates in exegetical practices that are fitting to the Bible as

Scripture Scripturersquos ontology thus carries an implicit hermeneutic though

Webster does not develop that hermeneutic in any detail From our second

vantage point the work o Kevin Vanhoozer we see how contemporary

hermeneutical theory can be leveraged to bridge the gap

(983090) Recovering the voice of Scripturersquos divine author Kevin Vanhoozer

Kevin Vanhoozer a Protestant grapples with the relationship between author

text and reader by co-opting the categories and terminology o speech-act

theory Like Webster Vanhoozer approaches the Bible and its interpretation

in light o the triune economy o salvation the ontology o the Bible is estab-

44Ibid p 983096 (emphasis added)45John Webster Holy Scripture A Dogmatic Sketch (Cambridge Cambridge University Press

983090983088983088983091) p 1048628983090 Stephen Fowl registers the same point When interpreted within the context o the

doctrine o God history in general and the Biblersquos history more specifically are not domains o

creaturely reality alone but the space in which Godrsquos providential care and preservation are car-

ried out As Fowl explains ldquoI revelation is seen as the triune Godrsquos sel-communication then

one can be more relaxed in approaching and analyzing the human processes that led to the

ormation o Christian Scripturerdquo God is not only the content o revelation but also ldquothe one

who directs and sustains the revelation o Godrsquos very sel with the aim o drawing humanity into

ever deeper communionrdquo (Fowl Teological Interpretation of Scripture p 983097)








Theology as


Renewing the Church

W David Buschart

amp Kent D Eilers




InterVarsity Press


ivpresscom

emailivpresscom



InterVarsity Press










ISBN 10486339830951048632-983088-10486329830919830881048632-983090983092983094983095-983088 (print)

ISBN 10486339830951048632-983088-10486329830919830881048632-104863310486321048625983094-1048633 (digital)






P 983090983091 983090983090 9830901048625 983090983088 10486251048633 10486251048632 1048625983095 1048625983094 1048625983093 1048625983092 1048625983091 1048625983090 10486251048625 1048625983088 1048633 1048632 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 1048625

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 9830911048625 983091983088 9830901048633 9830901048632 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 9830901048625 983090983088 10486251048633 10486251048632 1048625983095 1048625983094 1048625983093









983089 Scripture 983092983091






Conclusion

983090 Theology 983096983089






Conclusion

983091 Worship 983089983089983095

Whose House Is his

An Alternative Way

Resources


New Lie Downtown

Conclusion




983092 Spirituality 983089983093983093

A Need or Wisdom





Conclusion

983093 Mission 983089983097983091


he Monastic Impulse





Conclusion

1048630 Cosmos 983090983090983089

Radical Orthodoxy






Conclusion

Conclusion 983090983093983095

Epilogue 983090983095983095

Bibliography 983090983096983095

Author Index 983091983089983091

Subject Index 983091983089983093







10486251048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148









































































10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091








R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































InterVarsity Press


ivpresscom

emailivpresscom



InterVarsity Press










ISBN 10486339830951048632-983088-10486329830919830881048632-983090983092983094983095-983088 (print)

ISBN 10486339830951048632-983088-10486329830919830881048632-104863310486321048625983094-1048633 (digital)






P 983090983091 983090983090 9830901048625 983090983088 10486251048633 10486251048632 1048625983095 1048625983094 1048625983093 1048625983092 1048625983091 1048625983090 10486251048625 1048625983088 1048633 1048632 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 1048625

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 9830911048625 983091983088 9830901048633 9830901048632 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 9830901048625 983090983088 10486251048633 10486251048632 1048625983095 1048625983094 1048625983093









983089 Scripture 983092983091






Conclusion

983090 Theology 983096983089






Conclusion

983091 Worship 983089983089983095

Whose House Is his

An Alternative Way

Resources


New Lie Downtown

Conclusion




983092 Spirituality 983089983093983093

A Need or Wisdom





Conclusion

983093 Mission 983089983097983091


he Monastic Impulse





Conclusion

1048630 Cosmos 983090983090983089

Radical Orthodoxy






Conclusion

Conclusion 983090983093983095

Epilogue 983090983095983095

Bibliography 983090983096983095

Author Index 983091983089983091

Subject Index 983091983089983093







10486251048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148









































































10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091








R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629














































983089 Scripture 983092983091






Conclusion

983090 Theology 983096983089






Conclusion

983091 Worship 983089983089983095

Whose House Is his

An Alternative Way

Resources


New Lie Downtown

Conclusion




983092 Spirituality 983089983093983093

A Need or Wisdom





Conclusion

983093 Mission 983089983097983091


he Monastic Impulse





Conclusion

1048630 Cosmos 983090983090983089

Radical Orthodoxy






Conclusion

Conclusion 983090983093983095

Epilogue 983090983095983095

Bibliography 983090983096983095

Author Index 983091983089983091

Subject Index 983091983089983093







10486251048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148









































































10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091








R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































983092 Spirituality 983089983093983093

A Need or Wisdom





Conclusion

983093 Mission 983089983097983091


he Monastic Impulse





Conclusion

1048630 Cosmos 983090983090983089

Radical Orthodoxy






Conclusion

Conclusion 983090983093983095

Epilogue 983090983095983095

Bibliography 983090983096983095

Author Index 983091983089983091

Subject Index 983091983089983093







10486251048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148









































































10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091








R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629











































10486251048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148









































































10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091








R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629













































































10486251048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































man amp odd 1048625983097983097983088) p 1048625983091








R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629













































R983141983139983141983145983158983145983150983143 983137983150983140 T983154983137983150983155983149983145983156983156983145983150983143 983156983144983141 D983141983152983151983155983145983156 983151983142 F983137983145983156983144
































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































1048625983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629








































































and Stock 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830911048625




10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486251048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629














































































[London Collins 1048625983097983094983096] p 10486251048628983093)




1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































1048626983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148











































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629
















































































10486261048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















T983144983141 S983144983137983152983141 983151983142 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148 R983141983155983141983149983138983148983137983150983139983141983155

M983151983140983141983148983155 983137983150983140 A983157983156983144983151983154983145983156983161




















































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629












































































10486261048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629






































































underlies retrieval






1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































1048626983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148
















































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629

























































9830921048629





















10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486261048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629











































1048627983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629












































































10486271048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148








































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629












































































10486271048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148
















1048630983092
























































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629











































































1048627983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148






































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629













































M983141983156983144983151983140 O983154983143983137983150983145983162983137983156983145983151983150 983137983150983140 O983158983141983154983158983145983141983159

































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486271048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148


















































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629













































































1048628983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148





























































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629


































































tional nuance











10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486281048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148














R983141983139983151983149983149983141983150983140983141983140 R983141983137983140983145983150983143



10486269830889830881048632

















852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































852017

Scripture





S983156 A983157983143983157983155983156983145983150983141 O983150 C983144983154983145983155983156983145983137983150 T983141983137983139983144983145983150983143983089


















10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486281048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148

















1048632























Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































Scripture 10486281048629






































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































1048628983094 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148







































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































Scripture 10486281048631






































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486281048632 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145983141983158983137983148





C983151983149983149983151983150983137983148983145983156983161 983137983150983140 D983145983158983141983154983155983145983156983161
































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629











































1048629983088 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148












































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































Scripture 10486291048625




























whole drama






10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486291048626 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148




church


perorm Scripture


the church




V983137983150983156983137983143983141 P983151983145983150983156983155 983142983151983154 T983144983141983151983148983151983143983145983139983137983148 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 S983139983154983145983152983156983157983154983141
















Eerdmans 983090983088983088983091) pp 1048625-983093




Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































Scripture 10486291048627
















10486271048632





















10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































10486291048628 983144983141983151983148983151983143983161 A983155 R983141983156983154983145 983141983158983137983148



































Scripture 10486291048629









































Scripture 10486291048629





































