the working cell cellular respiration & photosynthesis
TRANSCRIPT
Energy From FoodEnergy From Food
Autotrophs
self-feeders = ________
Heterotrophs
feed on others = ________
Types of Types of EnergyEnergy
•Kinetic: ___________
•_______: Energy stored due to an objects position or arrangement
•_______: Energy stored in the bonds in between atoms
Cellular RespirationCellular RespirationChemical processes using O2 to release ______ from ________
Releases energy as _______
Organisms main energy supply
Energy Currency
Directly connected to ___________
Recycle O2, CO2, H2O, and _____________
$ATP$$ATP$
A cell’s energy _______
Used for:
Chemical Energy: ________ larger molecules
Mechanical Energy: ______________
Transport: Active
ATPATP
Work uses ATP (for energy)
ADP + P (phosphate) __________ into ATP
Your body uses and regenerates roughly ____________ ATP/sec!
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
6CO6CO22 +12H +12H22O ---> ________ + 6HO ---> ________ + 6H22O + 6OO + 6O22
Pigments are both reflected and absorbedPigments are both reflected and absorbed
ChlorophyllChlorophyll
2 part reaction2 part reaction
__________________________________
_____________ (Dark Reaction)_____________ (Dark Reaction)
Step 1: Light ReactionStep 1: Light Reaction
Light energy strikes the leaf
trapped by __________ electrons
Energy from sunlight is trapped
ATP is made by attaching a phosphate molecule to ADP
ATP will be used later
Step 1: Light ReactionStep 1: Light Reaction
Energy from the sun is also used to split _______ into hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O).
O2 is a _____ _______, while H is trapped by NADP (electron carrier) and transferred to the dark reaction (Step 2)
ATP goes to the ____ ______where it will be used and become ADP
Step 2: Dark ReactionStep 2: Dark Reaction
______ is take by the leaf and is broken down into Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) using ATP
Dark reaction requires _______ (ATP)
ADP will go back to the ______________where it will be regenerated into ATP
Step 2: Dark ReactionStep 2: Dark Reaction
NADPH arrives from the light reaction and drops off the ___________.
NADP will go back to the light reaction to pick up more hydrogens from the splitting of water (H2O)
Step 2: Dark ReactionStep 2: Dark Reaction
During the Calvin Cycle, _______ and ______ from CO2 will combine with _______ (from light reaction, carried by NADP) to form ________ (CC66HH1212OO66.)
Glucose contains high amounts of ______ and is used by living things in ________
H2O is released as a _______ product
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration
Using O2 to release energy from carbohydrates (food)
Balanced equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O
3 Stages
1. __________
2. _______ ___________
3. ______ __________ _______(ETC)
GlycolysisGlycolysis
Using ______ (C6H12O6) to get energy
Takes place in the _________
Glycolysis means “______________.”
To start glycolysis, an initial investment of _____ are needed.
ATP is used to split 6-carbon glucose into two 3-ring _______ ______ molecules.
GlycolysisGlycolysisEach _______ _____ initially carries a phosphate group
NAD+ accepts ________ and a hydrogen from pyruvic acid becoming NADH
GlycolysisGlycolysisThe electon lost allows another _________ to bond to the original pyruvic acid molecule
Each pyruvic acid has 2 phosphates (2+2 = 4 phosphates)
4 - ADP molecules pick up the phosphates generating 4 ATP molecules
Net investment = ________
Net gain (4 ATP produced - 2 ATP invested) = _______
2 pyruvic acids still hold most of the energy from the original glucose
Krebs Cycle & ETCKrebs Cycle & ETCFinishes the ________ of pyruvic acid into CO2 & H2O
Pyruvic Acid diffuses into ________, loses a carbon and becomes a 2-carbon Acetyl CoA
Needs ____ to take place
Produces __________!!!
Total ATP gained: 2 (from glycolysis) + 36 = ______
What if there is no What if there is no Oxygen?Oxygen?
Oxidative FermentationOxidative Fermentation2 types: ______ _____& _______ Fermentation
Fermentation: the incomplete breakdown of organic compounds in the _______ of O2
Does not require oxygen
Makes ATP entirely from glycolysis (2 ATP)
______ bursts of energy
FermentationFermentationLactic Acid: Pyruvic acid is turned into lactic acid in ______ _______
“_______ burn”
______ & ______also turn pyruvic acid into lactic acid
sharpness of flavor in ______ & ________
_______ Fermentation: Pyruvic acid is turned into alcohol and CO2 by yeast cells
makes _____ rise