VEGAN SOCIETY FOUNDED 1 9 4 4 — R E G I S T E R E D CHARITY

VEGANISM is a way of living on the products of the plant kinglom to the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal milk and its derivatives (the taking of honey being left to individual conscience). It encourages the study and use of alternatives for all commodities normally derived wholly or partly from animals. THE OBJECTS of The Vegan Society a re to further knowledge of, and interest in, sound nutrition and in the vegan method of agriculture and food production as a means of increasing the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and economic advantage of mankind.

President: Mr J Sanderson Deputy President: Mrs S Coles Vice-Presidents: Mrs E Batt, Mr J Dinshah, Dr C Nimmo,

Miss W Simmons, Miss M Simmons Council: Mrs E Batt, Mrs S Coles, Mrs K Jannaway, Mr J Sanderson,

Mrs G Smith Treasurer : Mrs G Smith, but all subscriptions, donations, etc. should

be sent to the Secretary, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey

Hon. Secretary: Mrs K Jannaway, address as above Subscription: £2.00 yearly. ( Additional members at same address not

requiring an extra Journal, pensioners & other such £1.00) T H E V E G A N

Quarterly Journal £1.50 per annum 35 pence a single copy From The Secretary, address as above Editors: Mr J Sanderson and Mrs K Jannaway

All advertisements to Leatherhead Office The Editorial Board does not necessarily agree with opinions expressed by contributors to this magazine, or endorse advertisements. Published: 21st of March, June, September and December Copy dates: 1st of preceding month

I THE VEGAN SOCIETY

was formed in 1944 by a group of vegetarians who became aware of the suffering inseparable from the dairy industry. In 1964 it was recognised as an educat-ional charity and has grown rapidly in influence and membership, as people realise its importance for their own health and for the wise use of resources as well as for the relief of cruelly exploited animals.

Free from commitment to any religious, political, philosophical, social, dietary or medical group, the Vegan Society endeavours to co-operate with all who are seeking a positive way forward for mankind.

It challenges all those who preach love and compassion but still base their lives on cruel practices and the debasement of both man and beast involved in meat and milk production.

W H A T T H E N D O V E G A N S E A T ? There is a great variety of vegan diets, from the very simple and truly

economical, based almost entirely on food that can be grown on small plots of land anywhere, or be bought in ordinary grocers, wholefood shops and green-grocers, to those using the many vegan convenience foods sold in the Health Food Stores. The Vegan Society helps with all types of vegan diet. FULL MEMBERSHIP is reserved for practising vegans. ASSOCIATE MEMBERSHIP is open to those who support and sympathise with the principles of the Society. MINIMUM SUBSCRIPTIONS are kept low - £2.00 yearly ( £1.00 for member at same address, sharing the Journal), £1.00 for pensioners, juniors or those otherwise on a restricted income - so that all who agree with the importance of the vegan way of life can register their support. BANKERS ORDERS and COVENANTED SUBSCRIPTIONS are especially welcome. Please send for a form. DOLLAR COUNTRIES - $4. 50 (International Money Order, please). Subscriptions cover the cost of the quarterly journal.

To The Secretary, The Vegan Society Ltd. , 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey ( Please tick and sign appropriate item) I enclose 10 pence stamp for f ree leaflets and literature list I hereby declare that I am a practising vegan and apply and consent to becoming a member of The Vegan Society Ltd. I hereby declare that I support and sympathise with the principles of The Vegan Society Ltd. and apply to become an A ssociate of the Society Enclosed Cheque/PO for Send Bankers Order/Covenant Name Address

I am/am not already a member of the Vegan Society I am already a Journal Subscriber

WSfc PUBLICATIONS WHAT'S COOKING? by Eva Batt. Comprehensive cookery book and vegan food guide with over 250 recipes and many practical hints £2.45 FIRST HAND: FIRST RATE by K Jannaway. 5 dozen simple recipes and ideas for truly economical living plus self-sufficiency gardening hints. No sugar. Oil the only fat. Savouries, cakes, puddings, etc. 45 pence INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL VEGANISM with basic recipes 25 pence NB. All three of the above have the recipe for the sliceable, cookable vegan "cheese". Takes 5 minutes to make. Keeps. High protein VEGAN NUTRITION by Frey Ellis, MD, FRCPath. & T Sanders, Ph.D.Nutr. The Vegan diet scientifically assessed - based on recent research. Plus easy to follow nutrition tables 60 pence PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN HEALTH with special reference to the diseases of affluence and the needs of the developing world. Text of the f irst Frey Ellis Memorial Lecture given by Professor Dickerson 30 pence VEGAN MOTHERS AND CHILDREN 1) by 10 Vegan mothers 40 pence

2) by 8 more Vegan mothers 45 pence 1) and 2) together 75 pence

PIONEERS by 12 vegans - their own ideas and practice 30 pence IN LIGHTER VEIN by Eva Batt. Verses to amuse and arouse pity 60 pence SA LA DENGS from the garden. By Mabel Cluer 65 pence

VEGAN BADGES 60 pence SAE PENDANTS 55pence + SAE

ALL PRICES INCLUDE POSTAGE (They cover unsealed rate for abroad. Sealed is very much more. Please use International Money Orders or send extra to cover bank charges which can be heavy.) SOLD but NOT PUBLISHED BY the Vegan Society Buy from us and help the funds FOOD FOR A FUTURE by Jon Wynne Tyson - comprehensive case, vividly expressed, useful facts and figures Paper back £1.75 incl. postage CIVILISED ALTERNATIVE by Jon Wynne Tyson - plea for the eclectic approach to world religions, philosophies and social theories £3.00 incl. postage COMMON SENSE COMPOST MAKING by May E Bruce £1. 35 incl. postage ANIMAL LIBERATION by Peter Singer - overwhelming logic and evidence for the end of speciesism £2.25 incl. postage VEGETARIAN SOCIETY HANDBOOK Information about restaurants, hotels, guest houses at home and abroad, commodities, health stores, wholefood shops, organic growers, etc. £1.20 plus 25pence postage

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DECISIONS Many times a day we a re faced with decisions, some routine, some

apparently minor and others obviously major. Some of the minor may be more important than they seem, for they may tend to set a trend and be cumulative in their effect: e. g. a number of repeated minor dishonesties can lead later to a major dishonesty. A steadily prodding conscience that is steadily ignored can lead to insensitivity. A s a vegan is normally com-passionate, he or she is unlikely to be insensitive, although occasionally one meets someone who is sensitive to animal suffering yet quite insensitive in human relationships, whilst another who has become a vegetarian or vegan on personal health grounds may still be unaware of, or insensitive to, much animal suffering at the hands of man.

One can well sympathise with young (and older) people who, on becoming aware of animal cruelties, feel shocked and angry and wish to attack the per -petrators and use violence to prevent further maltreatment. But to com-pound violence to animals with violence to human beings is not the way forward. The problem is: "What is the surest and most effective way to become the voice of the voiceless, whether they be animals or illiterate downtrodden human beings?" All great teachers and servers have faced this problem at the begin-ning of their work. One of the greatest, Jesus, knowing his own powers, yet rejected the spectacular, the political and the violent methods of approach. Even with his deep knowledge of the gravitational forces and the laws of alchemy he preferred the way of persuasion. He knew that for a real change to take place he had to win the hearts and minds of men and women; he recognised that it was a slow process but in reality the only process. Laws, force and viol-ence are useless unless accompanied by a true change in public thinking for otherwise the public will find ways to oppose, outwit or circumvent the oppressive forces.

When a person decides to become a vegetarian or a vegan, he knows that this will involve him in many other decisions. What to eat and drink and where to buy food and perhaps clothes, furnishings and household goods? How to relate to parents, marriage partner or children? What to do about canteens, restaurants and the whole question of entertaining or being entertained by friends and relations? What to say in reply to questions, pertinent and impert-inent? How far to go or commit oneself in conversation with colleagues at work or chance acquaintances ? How to feed my babies and children and how to cope with their problems as they grow up? How to feed cats, dogs and other domestic pets or even whether to keep them at al l? How to go about composting and veganic gardening? How far to go in educating myself about the many aspects of veganism so as to counter criticism or to inform willing l isteners? What form of help to give to the Vegan Society or the large number of other societies which serve in some particular way to alleviate and improve the con-ditions of life and death for animals and suffering mankind ? The Vegan Society literature, the Secretary and friendly members will help in making decisions with these and other problems that ar ise. Many are once-only

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problems and nearly all have been met and solved thousands of times in a variety of ways. For most of us it simply becomes a process of making wise choices, changing and adapting our lives as required and at our own pace, and then forgetting the process as we turn our attention to the many ways of service that open up before us.

Whilst going through this transformation phase, most of us carry on our lives as housewives, business, commercial or industrial workers and make any necessary and suitable changes in our working relationships as required. There a re times, however, where the application of vegan principles may have much to say to particular individuals. For example, in time of war: "Can I commit myself to the killing process - if not, how far shall I go?" In times of peace, I may ponder my whole life and ask: "What am I.doing, what am I making for ? Are the, ends served by the means ? Is my present life style in harmony with my views or does it conflict ? Is my present job the best, the most efficient and satisfyingrway of using my talents? Or is it part of an, inner conflict - i think this but I do that- ?" For some, as a most beautiful and touching article in this journal will show, this is a deep and real problem - it may involve a fundamental change of life work or direction on the one hand, or remain a festering source of inner conflict, d i s satisfaction and unhappiness that progressively saps the vitality and possibly leads to chronic illness.

As the decisions a re made, it is the experience of most vegans that all kinds of clouds roll away, a new light enters the. life and a sense of guilt is swept away. A new joy and exhilaration of spirit pervade the; life - a heal-ing force which is not confined to the self is able to do its intended work, for we a r e now working with the life force instead of against it.

Problems and decisions there will always be but, as we adopt the vegan way of life, their emphasis and concern will gradually change from the per -sonal self to the greater self' - the whole of Life - whilst the decision-making process will imperceptibly pass' from the intellect to the intellect and heart together used as tools by an Inner Guidance that knows best - a Guidance that works in harmony with the conscience and informs all life.

Jack Sanderson, President of the Vegan Society

"I do not believe in short-violent -cuts to success. however much I may sympathise with and admire worthy motives. For experience teaches me that permanent good can never be the outcome of untruth and violence. But my creed of non-violence not only does not preclude me from but compels me even to associate with those who believe in violence. But that association is always with the sole object of weaning them from their violence."

Mahatma Gandhi.. 4

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VEGANS First SCIENTISTS Second

Chris and I became friends more than five years ago when we were both doing research for our PhDs at Cambridge University. We found that we had ideas and thoughts in common, and it became a pleasure to meet often for lunch or dinner and discuss shared interests. Our conversations tended increasingly to centre on the problems of animal abuse and speciesism, which a re common in all sections of society, not least of course in the scientific community in which we were involved. For a long time previously neither of us had eaten much meat, partly for compassionate reasons, partly for reasons of economy and partly because we had begun to find it unappealing.

One Easter , Chris returned from his home in Devon and told me that he had made the commitment to become a vegetarian. He had spent the holiday in contemplation, which had resulted in his feeling more in time with himself. Vegetarianism had become a part of that harmony. Our conversations con-tinued, and our motivation to try in some way to alleviate animal suffering, especially in the laboratory, was increasing. Chris became vegan the follow-ing October, as a logical extension of the argument for being vegetarian. We were both influenced strongly by Jon Wynne-Tyson's book, "Food for a Future". When one realizes that dairy cattle a re artificially kept continuously pregnant, and that almost every resulting bull calf is sent to be slaughtered for the meat trade - 80% of beef sold is a by-product of the dairy industry - then one sees that being a lacto- vegetarian is only taking half a step in the right direction. I made a vow to myself to be vegetarian about eight months after Chris, and three months later I too became a vegan.

We were lucky not to be isolated in our families. My brother and his wife, and Chr i s ' s s ister , became vegan at about the same time. Obviously we had all discussed the question and influenced each other; a warm bond was created between us all by our veganism, as so often happens.

Soon after this we both joined the Vegan Society, to add our support to the vegan movement - to " stand up and be counted ". Reform of any kind will not be achieved unless its proponents a re well informed and strongly motivated people. Such a group must be co-ordinated and have access to up-to-date information, and the Vegan Society fulfils all these functions for vegans.

Meanwhile, at work, we were frequently answering colleagues' questions -some polite but puzzled, some obviously taunting; attitudes which every vegan encounters, of course. We believe from our experiences that the established

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members of the scientific community a re at least as narrow-minded and resistant to innovation as most other people. Chris organized an animal study group, for those interested in meeting and discussing ways by which biology could be taught more humanely at Cambridge University. We particularly wanted to reduce or replace the use of animals in classpracticals, and Chris wrote to the Heads of the Physiology, Anatomy, Psychology and Experimental Psychology Departments to ask these "wise and learned men" their opinions. The responses were varied, but tended to be of the following sort: Yes, we a re aware of the desirability of reducing animal usage, and we have looked at our methods and decided that we a re already limiting such tech-niques as far as we a re able. In other words, nothing was done, because to those people there simply was no problem.

It is extremely difficult for concerned students to make any impact on the members of staff in these matters. A s a first year student in Physiology, I was part of a majority which asked for the use of 150 rabbits in a practical class to be abandoned in favour of a demonstration film. Our request was refused. Chris was involved in the teaching of medical students, and took every opportunity to encourage them to step away from medical conformity and consider the ethical aspects of their subject, such as the use of animals in experiments. Occasionally a student would stay behind after a supervision to discuss the issue further; this was always encouraging, but happened seldom.

Meanwhile, I had moved to Nottingham University Medical School to work in cell culture research. Quite soon I became known for my "unusual" ideas and uncompromising veganism. Many people there who had never heard the word before are now considerably better informed! Posters and leaflets appeared in the common room and on the corridor notice boards, and to my delight, following a television programme about factory farming, a colleague told me she had decided to become a vegetarian and asked me for recipes and information.

Recently, Chris and I felt that it was necessary for us to follow a change in direction, and we both gave up our research careers . We feel a pervading relief that we a re no longer part of a profession which causes so much misery to other animal species, and veganism is an important part of this concern.

We leave you with another scientis t 's view of his profession: "The desire to alleviate suffering is of small value in research - such a person should be advised to work for a charity. Research wants egotists, damn egotists, who seek their own pleasure and satisfaction, but find it in solving the puzzles of nature ."

Dr Szent-Gyorgi, Hungarian medical scientist GiU and Chris Langley

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MEDITATION & VEGANISM A PERSONAL COMMENT

I am attempting here to set out something of the changes that have been working through me recently, which a re Interwoven with my move, nearly six years ago now, to a vegan diet. Perhaps it would help to say that I am a life vegetarian, have been married twelve years and have two daughters, one of them vegan since birth, the other since age three. My wife became veget-arian when we married - then vegan with me in 1974. I was brought up in the ambit of the Society of Friends, but would now call myself a Buddhist. By profession I am a social worker.

The move to maturity seems to me to involve the process of becoming less complex and enclosed, more simple and aware, and in this movement the adoption of a vegan diet has been for me an important and logical part. By simplicity I mean an inner quietness and straight-forwardness in which the moment to moment movement of relationship with the world is observed with a direct awareness from which ar ises a serene warmth. It is partly expressed by such phrases as "inner silence" or 'ti space around the ego" and seems to be one of the fruits of meditation.

Meditation is much talked about, but is often understood as a self-enclosing, repressive activity, in which the ego gives itself a theme, a prayer, a sound, and so on, upon which to focus (narrow) conscious attention, with the aim of suppressing the chattering mind and inducing quietness. This is the opposite of what I mean. If, instead of suppressing thoughts and focussing attention on an arbitrary object, there ar i ses a quiet awareness which watches the chatter very deeply and carefully, with no attempt to control, impose or change what is happ-ening, the mind in fact becomeB silent and seems to expand. A spatial image would be to say that the body/mind becomes at firstcocOoned with a healing warmth, and then becomes open to a two-way radiation of energy with the outside world, in which dualistic feelings of subject and object begin to break down.

What seems to be happening in all this is that the usual self-centred search for sensual gratification - the avoidance of pain and the grasping of pleasure -slows down and then stops. It is this grasping and clinging mechanism which makes nor mal life so complex and difficult, and which makes this turning round of consciousness in meditation so healing and unitive.

These moments of quiet and stillness have an increasing impact on the values and activities of everyday life. At first I found a renunciation of particular activ-ities which suddenly seemed incompatible with the experience of silence within. I could not use music as a background to events; the triviality of much television became more clearly apparent; and, in general, the mechanisms I was using to escape being alone and "being" rather than "doing" were more vividly displayed

before me. The inevitable rejection of what came to be felt very clearly as superficial, trivial and deceptive illusions of the mind, is perhaps the beginning of a true asceticism - a movement springing not from a repressive urge, but from an inner clarity. Later, activities that "had to be done" - in the same sense that others'had to be not done" - emerged to give positive expression to this state of being.

I believe that many people, experiencing something similar to this - however they may verbalise it - feel that one expression of an increasing inner simplicity should be a change to a simpler, more natural diet, but find that they a re encum-bered with habits of behaving and thinking about food which make this difficult or impossible. Some perhaps make the transition to a vegan diet aggressively, fighting the world - and themselves - as an expression of conflicts continuing inside. As a life vegetarian, the move away from dairy products should not have been too difficult for me - and in many ways it was not, but I still had a lack of clarity, knowledge and conviction at times over those early months. I want to put into words my deep feeling now that the process of choosing, preparing and eating a compassionate dietary is a most beautiful and simple expression of that inner quietness I have tried to describe. Using ingredients in the production of which living beings have suffered helps destroy a sense of simplicity and harmony towards life.

If every moment, as it a r i ses , is of equal (total) value to every other, if what-ever is happening is an expression from an inner centre deeper (beyond) the superficial ego, then, it seems to me, the application of this to eating leads to a reverence in the choice, preparation and consuming of food. There is no place for a tense speed or a thoughtless opening of tins in the kitchen. Instead of the rush through something seen as necessary but tiresome - presumably on the way towards something considered more valuable - it may suddenly appear that nothing can be more valuable than where I am - and, if that is the kitchen, so be it. Again, the choice of food is something in which to delight, and to be surroun-ded by the products of the earth, giving up their subtle aromas, and uncomplicat-edly providing the nutrients for the continuation of life on the material plane, is to share in a mystery with a sense of awe.

The compassion which, for me, is the basis of the vegan way of life, both springs from this quiet reverence, and also provides a starting-point for an exploration of compassion in other areas of life. In this way, the unity of being and action is, at f irst hesitantly, and then more forthrightly, felt and realised.

Jeremy A Deane

N. B. The understanding of meditation to which I refer is heavily indebted to two authors - Krishnamurti : "Freedom from the known", and Dhiravamsa ; "The Way of Non-attachment". Both see meditation as a way of living, not as an exercise or

a ritual.

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. AN A N T H R O P O M E T R I G AND D I E T A R Y A S S E S S M E N T OF V E G A N P R E-S C H O O L C H I L D R E N

T. A, B. Sanders, B.Sc. , Ph.D

By T A B Sanders, B. Sc., Ph. D. and Rebecca Purves, ,M. Sc< Department of Nutrition, Wue]en Elizabeth College (University of London), Cainpden Hill Road, London, W8 7AH

Diet has its greatest influence when growth is most rapid, that is during the f i rs t few years of life. Problems are most likely to ar ise from weaning onwards. An article in the British Medical Journal recently claimed that • "vegan diets a re obviously inadequate for growing children with deficiencies of total energy , suitable protein, fat-soluble vitamins andsomeoninerals". We decided, therefore, to assess the nutritional status of pre-school vegan children by studying their growth and diet.

Vegan families with children under the age of 'five were' contacted through the Vegan Society and their cooperation requested. The response was excellent (97%). However, several families were not included in the study either because they had other commitments at the time of the study (May -June 1979) or because they had not consistently followed a vegan diet. Twenty-five children (9 boys and 16 girls), who were born of vegan mothers and reared on a vegan diet, were studied. The sample was scattered widely throughout England and Wales but all the children were visited at home. Anthropometric measurements, which a re indicators of growth, were made and the main results a r e summarised in the table. Two children, who were brother and sister , were lighter and shorter thaii normal for their age. However, other anthropometric measurements (skinfold thickness, mid-arm circumference, chest circumference and head circumference) were within the normal ranges. .Moreover, both parents were small in stature. There-fore, it cannot be concluded that'the growth of these two children was retarded. The anthropometric measurements for the rest of the sample fell within the normal ranges but there was a tendency for the children to be small. However, the general impression was that the children were growing normally.

Parents, who were provided with, dietary balances and comprehensive instructions, were asked to weigh and record all the food their, children ate for seven days. In addit ion, mothers who were still breastfeeding indicated the number and duration of feeds. Nutrient intakes were calculated from this data and compared with the recommended daily intakes of the Department of Health and Social Security and those of the World Health Organisation (see table).

Almost all the children had energy intakes less than those recommended;

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However, this is not a feature peculiar to vegan children. A recent Department of Health survey found that two-thirds of omnivore pre-school children had intakes less than those recommended. Even so, the intakes of the vegan child-ren were lower than those reported for omnivores. This is not unexpected since plant foods tend to be bulky and more filling than foods of animal origin. It is possible to increase the amount of energy in the diet by using more fats o r foods rich in fats.

Protein intakes, in relation to energy intakes, were all adequate. Moreover, the parents were all aware of the need to provide good quality protein by mixing a cereal with a pulse. Thiamine, vitamin C, vitamin A and iron intakes were all in excess of the recommended intake. Riboflavin intakes were equal to or in excess of the recommended intake in all but five children, whose intakes bordered on the minimum requirement. The main sources of riboflavin avail-able to vegans a re wheatgerm, bran, cereals, soya-milks, pulses, nuts, leafy vegetables, Barmene and Tastex.

Cows' milk is the main source of calcium in the typical diet of pre-school omnivore children. It is not surprising that calcium intakes were relatively low in the vegan children. Indeed no child had an intake that met that recomm-ended. The main sources of calcium in their diets were soya-milks, nut meats, bread, pulses and green leafy vegetables. In addition to diet, water can provide significant amounts of calcium in hard water areas . An easy way for vegans to boost their calcium intakes is to add chalk B. P. to their bread when baking. Alternatively, supplements of calcium gluconate could be taken.

The availability of minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc from the diet is affected by the amount of fibre and phytate in the diet. Cereals are rich in both fibre and phytate, which block the absorption of these minerals. However, when bread is leavened the yeast destroys the phytate. Therefore, it is advis-able to allow dough to leaven for as long as possible when baking bread. The fibre intakes of the vegan children tended to be high. What effect this has on mineral absorption needs studying.

The absorption of calcium and bone development is influenced by vitamin D. Intakes were all less than those recommended. Similar findings have been found in omnivore children. A few of the children received vitamin drops, which contained synthetic vitamin D, sporadically. Rickets, which is caused by vitamin D deficiency, can occur in children raised on a vegan diet. Although there a re no plant foods that contain the vitamin, vegetable margarines a r e fortified with the vitamin as a re most proprietary soya-milks. In addition, individuals can synthesize the vitamin by the action of sunlight on their skin; the recommended dietary intake takes no account of this synthesis. All the parents were aware of the need to expose their children to sunlight. Vegan

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mothers should give their children vitamin drops or margarine in winter as a precautionary measure against rickets.

Vitamin B is the nutrient most likely to be lacking in vegan diets; plant foods a re devoid of the vitamin. However, several vegetable foods are fort-ified with the vitamin, notably Barmene, Tastex, Plamil, Granogen and Protoveg. With the exception of four children, all had intakes of vitamin B ^ exceeding those recommended. All the parents were aware of the need to supplement the diet with the vitamin and had taken the necessary measures. There was, however, one exception who maintained they were not concerned; their children had inadequate intakes. Two other children were found to have only borderline intakes; one was still receiving breastmilk. The amount of vitamin B in breastmilk is variable and dependent on the mother* s diet. Low breast milk vitamin B concentrations have been found in several vegans who were not taking vitamin B ^ . The need for vegan mothers to supplement their diets with the vitamin cannot be overemphasised.

In conclusion, the anthropometric measurements showed that the children were growing normally. Although the intakes of several nutrients were less than those recommended, this did not appear to affect their general health. These findings suggest that a properly balanced vegan diet with suitable vitamin supplements can meet the nutritional requirements of children.

T. A. B. Sanders B. Sc. Nutrition. Ph. D. DR. FREY ELLIS RESEARCH FUND

The Council of the Vegan Society were able to support the above research by means of contributions to the fund launched last year in memory of Dr. Frey, Ellis, late President of the Society who did so much to establish veganism on a

s cientific basis. Please support the fund as generously as you can. Help vegans to pursue their way of life with maximum health and give the lie to vivisection.

THE SECOND FREY ELLIS MEMORIAL LECTURE to be given by

PROFESSOR A. E. BENDER Head of Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Queen Elizabeth College, London, on Monday, March 31st, 1980 7.30 p .m. for 8.00 p .m. sharp. Vegan buffet 7.00 at Friends meeting House, St. Martins Lane, Westminster. Near Trafalgar Square.

THE ROLE OF PLANT FOODS IN FEEDING MANKIND

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NATURE CURE CLINIC'S GOLDEN JUBILEE YEAR

At the Annual General Meeting last week of the London based Nature Cure Clinic, the Chairman, Mrs Janet Smith, reported that the Clinic's fifty years of work in healing had been marked by a number of special events including a celebratory dinner in honour of the Founder, Miss Nina Hosali, MBE, MSe.

Hov-ever, most important of all, the four room extension to the premises in Oldbury Place, London, Wl, was completed, enabling a substantial expansion in the range of the Clinic's activities and now providing a total of seven consulting rooms.

This extension is named after Dr Bertrand Allinson, one of Miss Hosali's enthusiastic founding supporters.

" As people a re becoming disillusioned with current, orthodox practice, so more patients are turning to our way of t reatment ," said the Chairman. "At one point in the year we had a three month waiting l i s t . "

She went on to draw attention to the fact that in the last year the Clinic had given over 4,000 treatments, adding to the nearly quarter of a million treatments given in the 50 years of i ts existence.

Speaking about the meaning of Nature Cure (or Natural Therapy), Dr Ledermann, the senior of the Clinic's ten medically qualified practitioners, emphasised the importance of an individual having a sense of personal respons-ibility for his or her state of health. "He should be striving for health," said Dr Ledermann, "he must not simply rely upon an outside person. Correct diet, exercise and relaxation are the f irst essentials. Then therapies such as homoeopathy, acupuncture, osteopathy e tc . , may be introduced."

The Nature Cure Clinic is open to receive outpatients, by appointment, every weekday between 9.30 a. m. and 5.00 p. m.

The Nature Cure Clinic has arranged a series of interesting talks at Friends House, Euston Road, London, NW1, for the third Wednesdays of January, February and March, 1980. Further details from the Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London, Wl (Telephone 935 6213).

HAVE YOU RETURNED THE SLIP APPLYING TO JOIN VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED ? If not pleas e fill in the form at the bottom of page 1 - indicating that you a re already a

member.

(Press Release - 5 November 1979)

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ANNUAL REPORT

The Council is pleased to report another year of concentrated effort in service of the object of the Society - to further knowledge arid understanding of veganism and to encourage and help people to follow, the vegan way of life.

It has met 12 times for full meetings. One of the meetings has been at the home of the Treasurer , one at the Secretary' s home in Leatherhead and all the rest by courtesy of the Committee of the Nature Cure Clinic at their premises in London. All have been chaired by Eva Batt Who has, travelled from her new home in Bournemouth during the last few months., In addition the Council has had 10 short meetings before the end of the month, socials at the Nature Cure

The Vegan Society has this year-acquired its own premises. A, timely bequest enabled the Council to buy a little property near the Society's head-quarters in Leatherhead that Will provide an office and also living quarters for an assistant secretary. The Council was very appreciative of:the efficient services of Kevin McCartney as architect in charge of the renovation of the property. .We a re disappointed that Maggi Taylor?, who had just the right qualifications for the post, found the work too much for her in view of her family commitments. Her health suffered and. she has asked to be relieved of f her duties. We hope to make another appointment soon. The opportunities, for further outreach a r e great and challenging and we must have further help to meet them.

Meanwhile we a re especially grateful to Frances Quinn who works so hard and efficiently in the office at Leatherhead, to Peter White, accountant and Pat Buxton, typist, to Jack Jannaway for many kinds of service, not least driving our exhibition material round the country, and to many others who have helped during the year .

We a re an educational society;, our'function i s to spread knowledge and understanding. This year we have specially concentrated on the; wide distribut-ion of f ree leaflets, on exhibitions, and; oh lectures, film shows and cookery demonstrations.

Very many thousands of informative leaflets have been distributed. Asa result , knowledge of the possibilities of veganism'has reached many thousands of people who had never heard of it before and the /ground has thus been prepared for the desired change.

Over 500 people have joined; the Society during the last year, i. e.. over 2 i thousands during the last 8 years as compared with fewer than a thousand

Clinic

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during the previous 27. This shows that the trend is our way. There is evidence of many more being influenced to change their eating habits without bothering to join the Society. However, some of our members have been slow to pay their subscriptions and we cannot give a f irm membership figure. Nineteen members have died and seventeen resigned.

Having prompted people to change their diet we have also helped them to do it healthily. Literally thousands of queries have been answered and, in March this year we published the first scientific assessment of the diet, " Vegan Nutrition " written by Dr T Sanders with reference to the work of our late President, Dr Frey Ellis. It costs only 50 pence. It is invaluable for giving to the doctors and other professionals who have not yet found time to study the vegan diet, and its easy-to-follow tables are very reassuring to those who wonder " Am I taking enough?".

In May this was followed by a second booklet by vegan mothers on how they a re bringing up their children. We are convinced that these accounts of actual experience, plus the results of Dr Sanders' research, offer the best guide to parents wishing to bring up their children as vegans.

In August we were pleased to be given the privilege of publishing the text of the f irst Frey Ellis Memorial Lecture, given by Professor J Dickerson to an audience of well over a hundred in March. It gives encouraging insight into the reasons why doctors, nutritionists and economists a re now showing such interest in the diet that vegans , inspired by compassion for cruelly exploited animals, pioneered.

We a re pleased to announce that another edition of " What's Cooking? " is being prepared by Eva Batt. We get many letters in appreciation of this book. May we remind members that it makes an excellent Christmas present ?

The vegan presence has been evident at many exhibitions and festivals in different parts of the country - in Guildford, Brighton, Malvern, Glastonbury, Bath, Leicester, Wembley and at least six other places.

At the Festival for Mind, Body and Spirit at Olympia in April this year , our striking new posters first went on show. These portrayed with startling force and clarity the economic and ecological significance of veganism. For the design and production of these posters the movement is greatly indebted to a man whose artist ic skill and imagination are matched by his self-effacing modesty so that he insists on being known simply as " Catweasel ". He was helped by Kevin McCartney. We are hoping to have silk screen reproductions available before long. Also for this y e a r ' s Festival we discovered another lettering artist among our ranks, Mick Miller, who reproduced the inspiring poem, 1 1 It i s not winter now. . . " by C Fry in poster form. John Sasportas produced a series of slides that we hope to have ready to lend soon.

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Peter Falrnington 's illustrated information sheets continue to be of good service. The outstanding event of the year was the International Vegetarian Congress

held in Loughborough in August. This was very well organised by John le Grice and his staff and attracted participants from many parts of the world. Great interest was shown in the Vegan Society posters and literature and especially in the talk given by Jack Sanderson on veganism which was described by many as the most inspiring of the fortnight. The Vegan Society was once again represent-ed by Serena Coles and Eva Batt as well as Jack Sanderson. They organised the literature stand for the whole of the fortnight. They were much encouraged to find how well vegans are catered for now. Moreover, by the end of the fortnight, they found that most people were sampling the Plamil provided. By questions in the sessions and in personal talks with delegates it was revealed that most lacto-vegetarians were realising the illogicality of their half-way position on the road to humane living, still dependent on veal calves and the butchering and exporting of worn-out cows.

Jack Sanderson and Kathleen Jannaway have given talks to various groups in different towns, the 1 1 Open Door " film has been shown more than a dozen times and cookery demonstrations have been given. Mabel Cluer and Kathleen Jannaway were employed by the local authority to teach vegan cookery in Richmond and Diana Virgo in Derbyshire.

In February the Council organised an all-day meeting in memory of the previous secretary of the Society, Luise Davies, in co-operation with the Mary Ward Centre where her husband teaches. Over a hundred people attended to see films and to hear Jack Sanderson speak.

Poor weather and transport difficulties cut the attendance at the Annual Garden Party but more than eighty people managed to get to Leatherhead and enjoy each other* s company in the Secretary 's garden there.

The last-Tuesday-in-the-month socials continue to attract the attendance of fifteen to twenty people. Some are using the opportunity to practise public speaking and some lively discussions have been promoted.

Local group activity has not been as great as we should have liked, but Alpay Torgut and others in North London have done sterling work. We hope that now " Vegan Views " has moved to Lancashire there will be outreach there. Eva Bat t ' s move to Bournemouth will, we are sure, increase activity there - she is already having monthly meetings at her house. An informal group is doing good work in the Salisbury area, a group is being formed in Holland and there a re prospects of the Cornish group's being revived. The chief reason why people give up veganism is social difficulties. The only solution is more vegans active in more local groups. The staff at

15

Leatherhead is aware that it fails to give adequate support. It is a very time-consuming job which we hope will be tackled when we have an assistant secretary.

Evidence of the growing interest in the scientific basis of veganism is afforded by the encouraging response to the intensive day courses at Richmond Adult College. The first in April was very well received, places for November 10th were over-bodied without a penny having been spent on advertising and a third is now fixed for January 19th. Lectures by Dr Worcester, Head of the Home and Economic Department at Richmond, whose co-operation has made the courses possible, by Miss Davis, Lecturer at the South Bank College of Technol-ogy, who has recently researched the role of dietary fibre, and by Dr T Sanders of the Department of Nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College, University of London, who did so much research with Dr Ellis at Kingston and who is now investigating the health of mothers and children, plus demonstrations by Mabel Cluer and Kathleen Jannaway, make a very full day. More than half the partic-ipants a re professionals able to spread the knowledge they acquire.

The year has not been without its disturbing challenges, in particular that offered by the report in the British Medical Journal of February 3rd, "Malnut-rition in Infants receiving cult diets". None of the infants described was from a family following the advice of the Vegan Society. One was nursed back to health on a vegan diet and the report states, " At the age of 2 years he was well and his weight and height were within normal limits. He remained on a vegan diet " , yet the report concludes illogically " vegan and the more extreme macrobiotic diets a re obviously inadequate for growing children."

Fortunately letters in subsequent issues from eminent authorities discrim-inated between " cult diets " and those recommended by the Vegan Society and resulted in many enquiries reaching the Society's headquarters from doctors and other professionals. We were glad to be able to refer to results of reputable research and a re assured that we have now gained a level of acceptance in scientific circles that should help our members considerably when harassed, as many still a re , by prejudiced and ill-informed officials of the Health Service.

Realising the value of scientific research for the sake of its pursuit of objective truth, for its value in helping our members to balance th«lr diets and in giving them the confidence to discuss veganism with Health Service officials, the Vegan Council has made grants to the nutritionists at Queen Elizabeth College for their investigation into the health of vegan mothers and children. Such research should be welcomed especially by vegans because of their abhorrence of vivisection. We must do all we can to drive home the message that in the field of health especially, " The proper study of mankind is man. " Further contributions to the Dr Frey Ellis Research Fund a re urgently needed.

The Vegan Society is an educational charity. Its object is, to quote from its constitution,-

16

" to further knowledge of and interest in sound nutrition and in the vegan method of agriculture and food production as a means of increasing, the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and economic advantage of mankind. 1 1

How does pursuance of this object help to relieve animals from cruel exploit-ation - because this is and always has been the motivating force for the Council and all committed vegans? The Council is united in believing that animals suffer, not so much because people a r e cruel, very few are deliberately so, but because they a re ignorant and self-indulgent. An increasing number of pro-grammes on television and radio, of articles in the press , of marches, demon-strations and other activities is making people aware of the cruelty. But there is no Way in Which people can be forced to change their diet. However much cruel.practices a r e revealed, only comparatively few will care sufficiently to change their eating habits unless they a re convinced that there is an alternative life-style that is healthy and pleasant,: economic and socially acceptable. It is the task of the Vegan Society to convince them and then to persuade them and to help them. In so doing, vegans make a significant contribution not only to relieving cruelly exploited animals but also to the survival and progress of Life in all its aspects. Kathleen Jannaway

IMPORTANT NOTtm ERRATA & OMISSIONS - the quantities given in the Economical Breakfasts;

art icle in the Autumn "Vegan" would supply | of; recommended daily protein and calorie intake and cost between £1.00 and £1. 50 per week.

VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED We hope that this will be in operation before the . New Year. If you did not return the slip sent out with the Autumn "Vegan", please do fill in the application at the bottom of page 1, indicating that you are already a member or associate. Please note that- Journal Subscribers wader the new rules-see page 28- can apply to be considered as associates. P. L. E. A. S. E. do re-new your subscriptions promptly as they become due. Why

"not send for a Bankers Order form - or better still a Covenant Form. ? Now we are having to employ staff, it is essential that we a re assured of a regular income. And please remember the Vegan Society LIMITED in your will. ASSISTANT SECRETARY TO THE VEGAN SOCIETY No permanent appointment has yet been made so further applications can be considered. Good typing and English and willingness to accept service occupancy of the house in Leatherhead a re essential. DAY COURSE IN VEGAN NUTRITION A third course similar to those in April and November is planned for January 19th. Previous courses have been speedily overbooked so apply soon for details - The Secretary, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey. LAST TUESDAYS of the month - we hope to resume socials on January 29th -not Dec. 25! COOKERY COURSE at the Nature Cure Clinic - we regret we have to abandon .plans' for these at the moment.

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WHEAT AND NUT DISH (Quantities for four servings) 5 ozs wheat grains 2 ozs peanuts 2 ozs soya flour 6 ozs parsnips

1 tsp Tastex 1 tsp powdered Cumin 1 oz (by weight) sunflower oil Salt to taste

Soak wheat in cold water for about 2 hours or more. Cook in water to cover until grains burst. (This takes rather more than an hour but fuel can be saved by gently boiling for 10 - 15 minutes and then putting into thermos or similar insulated vessel for 2 hours.) Add a little salt to the water while cooking. Put peanuts into dry frying pan on low heat, shaking frequently so that they do not burn. Take off heat when browned and remove skins. Meantime, while they a re roasting, shred parsnip aqd put with oil into wide pan; cook until soft and a little browned. When wheat is cooked drain off surplus water and reserve for future use as stock. Use a little of this to make a cream with the soya, cumin, yeast extract and salt. Re-heat this to boll ing point and then stir into the wheat, together with peanuts and parsnips. Serve hot with green vegetables.

Mabel Cluer (Supper dish at Vegan Seminar, Richmond Adult College)

CHINESE CHEWS (A popular moist cake) 3 ozs S R flour (wheatmeal or wholemeal.1 1 tbs soya flour 3 ozs Tomor Water to mix 3 ozs desiccated coconut 8 ozs chopped dates Cream Tomor. Add flour, fruit, coconut and soya flour. Mix. Add enough water to bind, taking care not to make too moist. Spread in a Swiss roll tin. Bake in a moderate oven (350 F) for 30 - 40 minutes. Cool in tin, then cut into pieces.

(Very flavoursome. We omitted the sugar, 3ozs, given. Editor)

HAVE YOU RETURNED THE FORM APPLYING TO JOIN "VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED"? If not please use the slip at the bottom of page 1. - indicating that you are already

Helen Bevan

a member. 18

SCOTCH PANCAKES

3 tbsps 100% flour 3 tbsps 81% flour (or use all 100%) 3 tbsps soya flour 1 level teasp cream of tar tar

| level teasp bicarbonate of soda pinch of salt 1 dessertsp golden syrup water to mix

Sieve dry ingredients together. Add golden syrup and enough water to make a stiff battfer. Beat very well. Drop in spoonsful onto hot t well-greased frying pan. Turn when they start to bubble and cook the other side. Serye at once or cold.

Pat Shott

MUSHROOM AND CASHEW NUT PEE Pastry 6 ozs 100% whole- Filling f lb cashew nut pieces

wheat flour (plain) (roasted under grill) 3 ozs Pura solid vegetable fat 2 large onions1

a little cold water 6 ozs mushrooms Chop the opions and fry gently in a little vegetable oil, preferably cold-pressed safflower oil. Add the chopped mushrooms and cook for a couple of minutes. To some vegetable stock add | teaspoonful Tastex and mix in 1 tablespoon soya flour or wholewheat flour. Stir over heat until thickened. Line pie dish with pastry-and put the nut, mushroom, onion and gravy mixture into the dish. 'Bake at about 400 F or 204 C for 15 - 20 minutes or until pastry is cooked.

TOFU AND BANANA CHEESECAKE Base 1 pkt wholemeal biscuits FilH"g 3 large bananas

(Allinsons oatmeal or bran ?) 6 pieces tofu ( each 2"x2" 4 ozs Tomor (melted) x 1")

or - juice and rind of 1 orange Large flan case lined with 1 vanilla pod (grated )

pastry and cooked. 1, level tsp agar-agar Crumble biscuits-and mix with melted Tomor. P ress into flan dish (large). Liquidize bananas , tofu, juice and rind of orange with,grated vanilla, adding 3 tablespoons of warm water containing dissolved agar-agar. When smooth, pour into flan dish and leave to set in cool place. Raisins can be added to the filling after liquidizing.

Chris Langley. ( the above 2 recipes were served at the Langley wedding - see pages 19 & 26)

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THE 35th ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE VEGAN SOCIETY held 20 October 1979 at Friends' Meeting House, Westminster, London

Jack Sanderson, B. Sc., President of the Vegan Society, welcomed about ninety members and associates and expressed appreciation of those who had travelled long distances. He stressed the importance of individual example and effort in spreading veganism and of persuading rather than making vain efforts to force ideals onto others.

Apologies for absence having been given and the Minutes of the 1978 A. G. M. approved and signed, the Secretary read the Annual Report of the Executive Council (see page 13). Its adoption, moved by Paul Hal ford, seconded by Christina Harvey, was carried unanimously, warm appreciation of the Council's work being suggested by Arthur Pay and shown by members.

In presenting the Treasure r ' s Report, Grace Smith said that growth in work had also brought financial growth so that the Society now had an office in a newly acquired property with living accommodation for staff. The Society could no longer be run entirely by voluntary work so enough money was being invested for salaries. Donations and legacies were revealing that people believed enough in the Society to ensure its financial future.

Jack Sanderson, as President, Serena Coles as Deputy President, the exist-ing Council (except Arthur Pay and William Wright, who were unable to attend meetings), the Editors of the "Vegan", Jack Sanderson and Kathleen Jannaway, and the Auditors, Bryden, Johnson & Co., were all re-elected without opposition.

A resolution to raise the membership subscription from El. 25 to £1.50 so that the cost of producing the Journal should be covered was amended, and a new subscription rate of £2.00 yearly (£1.00 for pensioners, students, apprentices, juniors, etc.) , was decided upon, 27 full members voting in favour, 20 against. An assurance was given that less than the minimum would be accepted at the discretion of the Council.

Serena Coles reported that, in spite of much searching and much valued help from the Anchor Housing Association and from the Committee for Homes for Elderly Vegetarians Ltd. , and several promising openings, there had been no success in securing suitable premises for a Home for Elderly Vegans. Efforts would be redoubled and suggestions welcomed.

A report from Plantmilk Ltd. had been sent by Arthur Ling who regretted that he was unable to attend the meeting. He was pleased to report increasing sales of Plamil in spite of rising prices made inevitable by rising costs of production. A new beverage, Carob-ean, a blend of soya protein and carob, was now available. New vegan staff had been employed during the year and others interested were invited to apply. He took the opportunity to point out that the vegan commune being started in Folkstone was not associated with Plantmilk Ltd.

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Tea, for which the basics of roils and salad and drinks had been provided by the Council, and a fine variety of other items by members, was received with much appreciation. The Council is very grateful to all who contributed and to all who helped in the kitchen and at the literature stand.

In the evening Harold Bland, Harry Bonnie, Christina Harvey, Colin Howlett, Marjke McCartney and John Strettle formed a panel to answer a variety of questions, and Jack and Kathleen Jannaway showed slides of vegan families and vegan activities.

HAVE YOU RETURNED THE SLIP APPLYING TO JOIN THE VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED ? IF NOT, PLEASE USE FORM AT BOTTOM OF PAGE 1

*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*.*. *.*.*. * * * * * * * * * * * *

I N F A N T F E E D I N G Breast feeding, always strongly advocated by the Vegan Society, is once

more, in this country at least, becoming recognised as the only satisfactory way of feeding human infants. In the very few cases where the condition of the baby or the mother makes breast feeding impossible, the best alternative is breast milk drawn from other human mothers or "wet nursing". With the trend to breast feeding this could become more widely possible. At the moment all the extracted milk available has to be reserved for premature and sick babies.

The replacement of breast by bottle feeding has always certain hazards apart from the formula of milk used. Cow's milk is certainly not ideal for human babies and previously accepted formulae a re now judged to need more careful modification, which is why National Dried Milk available through Clinics since the war was withdrawn in 1976. The same objections apply to goat's milk although it may have certain advantages for some babies. Both animal milks can be sources of infection.

The Department of Health and Social Security has recently been studying soya based milks, These are , of course, of special interest to vegans, though few vegan mothers have difficulty with breast feeding and the recent investigations at Queen Elizabeth College into pregnancy and lactation in vegans yielded very reassuring results. Plamil, although useful food for older children and adults, has been found to be Inadequate nutritionally in several important respects as a sole, complete food for Infanta Efforts a re being made to improve it. Of the other soya milks available in this country, Prosobee, favoured by hospital nutritionists and paediatricians, contains a minute quantity of gelatine introduced to suspend the B12, Velactin needs modifi-ation and supplementation. There remains Granolac, obtainable at Health Stores or, more cheaply in bulk, from Granose Foods Limited, Stanborough Park, WATFORD, Herts.

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MINUTES OF THE EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING OF THE VEGAN SOCIETY, OCTOBER 20th 1979 at the NATURE CURE CLINIC, OLDBURY PLACE, LONDON, Wl

OBJECT OF THE MEETING To secure the agreement of members to the t ransfer of the functions', assets and liabilit ies of the Vegan Society to the Vegan Society Limited. All members had received notice of the meeting with their Autumn Journals sent mid September.

MEMBERS PRESENT Jack Sanderson, President of the Vegan Society.; Serena Coles, Deputy President; Eva Batt, Chairman of the Vegan Council; Grace Smith, Treasure:; Kathleen Jannaway, Secretary; all being members of the Vegan Council; and 51 Full Members of the Society. CHAIRMAN'S REMARKS Jack Sanderson, chairing the meeting, explained that " the present cons t i t u t i on of the Vegan Society was such that all its property was held by Trustees who were personally responsible' for any debt or liability. It had now so increased in size, activities and financial responsibilities that the burden on the trustees Was too great, so the Council had decided to ask members to agree to the Society becoming a Company Limited "by Guarantee. Such a step had already been taken by-"Beauty Without Cruelty", "The Vegetarian Society", the "Nature Cure Clinic" and other such organizations. Members of the Company would be liable to the payment of a sum hot exceeding £1.00 should the Society have to be wound up. As required by law two documents have been drawn up by the Society's solicitors and the following summary circulated with the Autumn Journal. 1. MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION, defining the objects of the Vegan Society Limited as " to further knowledge of and interest in sound nutrition and in veganism and the vegan method of agriculture as a means of increasing the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and economic advantage of mankind and " - (this being added so that bequests and donations to the Fund for Elderly Vegans can be used for them) - "to relieve elderly vegans who a re in conditions of need, hardship and distress by the provision of sheltered accommodation. 1 1

"In this Memorandum the word "Veganism " means a way of living on the pro-duce of the plant kingdom to the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal milk and its derivatives, and encourages the study and use of alternatives for

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all" commodities normally derived wholly or partly from animals, and in which the taking of honey is left to individual conscience." N. B. No ruling is? thereby intended as to whether it is right or wrong1

for honey to be used by vegans but one group of members is thereby pro-tected from having its actions dictated by another group in a matter about which there is no unity in the Society. This seems in accordance withthe voting of the 1974 A. G. M. 2. ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION," dealing with membership, voting rights, constitution of the Council and other such matters. They - a re substantially the same as before. Full Membership and voting rights a re reserved for practising vegans. Associate Membership is open to those who support and sympathise with the principles of the Society but a re not practising vegans; The qualification, of lacto-vegetarianism is no longer, required for Associates. This is in deference to the growing number approaching veganism who. do not recognise a need to become lacto-vegetarians f i rs t but choose to limit pro-gressively the intake of all animal products."

After a discussion promoted by Malcolm Pateman, supported by Sandra Bussell, who objected to the clause ''the taking of honey is left to the individ-ual conscience", the following motion;was put to the meeting. The adoption of the motion was proposed by Robin Thompson and seconded by George Wyman.

Motion That, in accordance with Rule 13 of the Society's Rules, the. Society be dissolved and that; : - (a) such dissolution be effective 30 days af ter the registration of the Vegan Society Limited as a Charity by the Charity Commission and (b) upon such dissolutionthe surplus fundsand property of the Society be forthwith transferred to TBS' Vegan Society Limited being a charitable company with objects conforming to those of the Society. 47 members voted for the motion, 0 against. 4 abstained because they dis-approved of the honey clause. The necessary three-quarters majority was thus secured. *: * * <* * * * * * * * * * * * #, *, *, * * * * * * * *s * * * * ;* * * * * * * * * .*

The above decision was confirmed at a further Extraordinary General Meeting held on 13 November at the Conan Room, Sherlock Holmes Hotel, Baker Street , London, Wl. Jack Sanderson was in the Chair and the fourteen full members present voted for the confirmation. There was no opposition. HAVE YOU RETURNED THE SLIP APPLYING TO j;OIN THE VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED ? IF NOT, PLEASE USE FORM AT BOTTOM OF PAGE 1

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LETTERS 10f B' PROGRESS IN NEW ZEALAND

In the years since I f irst joined the Society I have noticed a great change in the general attitudes in N. Z. and I now believe there a re a large number of vegans here, and certainly many more people have become vegetarians recently. The whole subject is much more open and even those who have not become vegetarian (and have no intent ion of doing so) seem to be taking more interest in occasional meatless meals. The local newspapers and magazines often feature vegetarian recipes and a number of small vegetarian restaurants have appeared in Auckland and also many more health food shops. An even greater joy to me personally is that relatives and friends who were at f irst con-cerned and even openly antagonistic to our ideals are now enjoying vegan food with us and asking for recipes etc. It makes me feel very grateful to those early Vegans who oftei) under very trying circumstances paved the way

Greetings to Vegans in the U. K. Ruth Doig BACK TO GOOD OLD VEGANISM

We recently returned from three weeks camping in Brittany. We left with our car loaded with pulses, grains, yeast extract, tahini etc. We decided we would buy bread, margarine, fruit and vegetables. Our f i rs t shock was when we visited the bakery. We discovered that we could buy various wholemeal loaves from 35 p to 60 p a loaf and very small loaves at that. So white bread it was! Next shock the supermarket! No vegan margarine. Margarine 60 p to 80 p for 8 oz. So to the local health food shop where we looked but would not have dared to buy anything. In Brittany vegetarianism is for the wealthy. As someone told us later, water is more expensive than wine. So back to the supermarket and we purchased butter for half the price of the margarine. That was the beginning of our non-vegan holiday and the beginning of catarrh.

We kept meeting very friendly fishermen who would kindly give us half a dozen fish or a plate of shrimps.

Recently our acupuncturist suggested a macrobiotic diet for us all because our son has a "Yin" skin condition. Since he is completely breastfed it meant that I had to make my diet more yang-alkaline , amongst other things. This meant the occasional fish meal. So I thought, "All right, I don't mind." So our non-vegan holiday continued along these lines. Brittany is lovely - just go completely prepared with all foods you need except for fruit and vegetables.

When we returned we decided to buy our cat some fresh fish. We gave it to him whole. Not interested. I cooked it and beheaded it and still untouched. I felt quite ill. Having to behead it brought it all home. I suddenly rememb-ered how I tried fishing once and it was traumatic from beginning to end. Anyway the experiences of the last few weeks have turned me right off dairy

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produce and fish for a life time; Back to the good old veganism but what about our cat? Veganism is far from natural to cats. The cans of food make me ill every time. If I knew what vegan.foods a cat would like I probably would attempt to give our cat a vegan diet too. So can anyone help ? It would make us a l l spiritually and mentally happier.

Linda Burn

LEONARDO'S PROPHECIES I thought you might be interested in this from Kenneth Clark's "Leonardo

da Vinci". He is discussing Leonardo's "Prophecies" in his Codice Atlantico.

"But in some i n s t a n c e s I believe that Leonardo has taken advantage of this form to express his own convictions. Many describe acts of cruelty and injustice which sound unbelievable, until the '!Key" tells us that they refer to animals. "Endless-multitudes will have their Utile children taken from them, ripped open and flayed and most cruelly cut in pieces (of sheep, cows, goats and the, l ike)." "The severest labour will be repaid with hunger and thirst, blows and goadings, curses and great abuse (of asses). " Knowing from contemporary sources Leonardo's love of animals, we can be sure that such "prophecies" as these a re not mere jokes, but represent-his refusal to take as a matter of course the suffering which man's technical .skill has allowed him to inflict on the other animals."

In a footnote referring to Leonardo's love of nature Kenneth Clark writes "This is confirmed by Andrea C o r s a l i , . . . . 4 . . . . . in which he speaks of a certain tribe "so gentle-that they do not feed on anything which has blood, nor will theyallow anyone to hurt any living thing, like our Leonardo da Vinci." "

Elizabeth Young

A V E G A N B I R T H ? ?

When I f i rs t became pregnant I thought it would be very easy to have a vegan pregnancy and labour and birth for our baby. I was very much mis-taken. At f i rs t we went to a Naturopath/Acupuncturist:in Preston but he wasn't able to do a home delivery. Our doctor had said he would attend me at home and I was booked for a home delivery but in the last week before the baby was due, they changed their minds. The iron tablets prescribed during pregnancy were made by an undesirable company so I took pure ferrous sulphate granules instead (nasty taste, though, so best taken with orange juice}. When I was in labour the midwife tried her best to persuade me to take Pethidine (a most undesirabl e analgesic drug) which I refused. My help in labour was Michael and an alabaster egg which I clutched during con-

2 5

tractions.

After the baby was born they wanted to give me ergometrine (a drug which helps the womb to contract back to its normal size). This was unnecessary -the baby suckling is the best way to help the womb to contract but, if needs must, Arnica in homeopathic doses is good. Then they wanted to give the baby vitamin K injections but this could be got from plant sources if really necessary. They wanted to give me drugs for breast abscesses but I took penny royal instead. (I can give the recipe.)

We refused all the inoculations - people might call us "cranks" or extrenists but vivisection is a terrible thing and we just try our best to carry out compass-ion where and when we can. We have a beautiful, bouncing, healthy, vegan baby called Rowan. She's 10 months old now and loves vegan food and has had as far as possible a truly vegan birth.

Mandy Hammersley Clark

FOOD FREE-FOR-ALL On several occasions in October a visit to Hyde Park resulted in a

gratuitous supply of valuable food. Sweet (Spanish) chestnuts were the source and very sweet they were, too! We were uneasy about robbing the squirrels but eased our consciences by taking peanuts to exchange. It was delightful to tempt the squirrels nearer and overcome their timidity. On our last visit at the end of the month we were interested to note that the squirrels did not devour them there and then but carried them off to their hidden store. Indeed we felt like squirrels ourselves, sitting on the grass and removing the outer burrs (a painful business) in order to get at the contents. One wondered how the squirrels were able to handle the spear-sharp spines with their tender paws and mouths.

A vegetarian who stopped to talk to us commented, "Isn't it marvellous, in the heart of a great city to help oneself to a handful of f ree protein?" He asked me about Vegan objections to dairy produce and looked very thoughtful as he went away. Another potential member?

W.A.F. N. B. Chestnuts contain only 2. 5% protein but a re a good food nevertheless. VEGAN WHOLEFOOD WEDDING

On 11 August a group of ten adults and a personable eighteen-month old imp gathered at Letchworth, Herts, for the wedding of Gill and Chris Langley. The sim shone, everyone smiled, cameras clicked; a typical August wedding, you might think, except that six of us a re strongly committed vegans, two a re vegetarians and the remaining two a re yet to be "converted".

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The buffet lunch was a product of vegan organic gardening, home baking and lots of rather frantic last-minute cooking, All the vegans (including that little imp!) contributed, so that the mushroom and cashew nut pie came out of the oven just before we left for the Registry Office,, and the tofu arid banana "cheesecake" set only minutes before it was due to be eaten. With a huge spread, including five different types of wholegrain loaves, we all agreed that we had seldom tasted such a feast! G h r i g L a n g l e y

(See Recipe centre page and also the art icle "Vegans Fi rs t , Scientists Second.")

ADVERT, ENVIRONMENTAL THERAPY SOCIETY We a re the products of our environment. It is proposed to form a

society embracing doctors, other health professionals and informed lay persons, devoted to studying the role of the environment (particularly the food) in disease causation, The society Will listen with respect to case histories and accumulated lore, but'will seek in all cases to encourage critical controlled t r ia ls of proposed therapies. We intend,to operate alongside other existing organizations, and get ideas f rom them, but will riot be committed to any one view of the truth and will continuously reassess our own beliefs. Concerned persons having;information to impart , who a re eager to learn from others and prepared to submit their ideas to impartial cri t icism, a re invited to contact one of the undersigned so that a f i r s t meeting can be convened at the most suitable place (probably London). T. H. Crouch, MB ChB, G. P. 21 Residence St Jean, Avenue de Erejus, ,06210 Mandelieu, FRANCE, and D. L. J . Freed, Immunologist, Dept. Bacteriology, Manchester University, Stopford Building, Oxford R. d, MANCHESTER, Ml.3. 9PT

We sought reassurance that the Society advertised above would not be involved with vivisection arid received the following reply : -"The Society, if and when it gets started, will not sponsor or approve any research involving vivisection, and it is most unlikely to pay much attention to any research results that a r e based on vivisection carried out elsewhere. There is just one 'grey area ' that might involve animals, and you may care to consider whether it i s enough to stop your helping us. ' Some serological -work requires the use of anti-bodies against human proteins, and you cannot produce such anti-bodies except in animals. This involves vacciriatirig the animal 2-6 times and taking blood samples. The cruelty and imposition in volved in that a r e precisely the same for hunian irifarits whom we vaccinate against infectious diseases, and in neither caseds there more.than a 1 : 100,000 risk of late complications. The animals a r e usually sheep, which a re kept on a fa rm in, the open except in bad weather. ;it seems to me that Peter Singer's criterion i s amply met in this case (i. e. that the only animal work that may be ethically done is that which we'would. sanction for a human baby).

27

CAW is not a further animal welfare group but a collection of individuals who are themselves already ijvembers of one or more existing animal welfare societies. Regular informal meetings take place in London and a bulletin is circulated and views can be openly expressed and subjected to the support or criticism of the others. The structure of CAW is kept purposely loose to avoid the "ivory tower" tactics which seem to occur in so many of the exist-ing societies. It is regrettable that many members of societies feel that they a re not in a position to contribute more to the society to which they belong -often due to the lack of democracy within the organisation. Sometimes this lack of democracy is real but on other occasions it is simply a failure to under-stand the constitution of the society concerned. As was shown during Animal Welfare Year, the most effective stand is achieved by unity within the animal welfare movement - a unity expanding from the membership to the officials employed within animal welfare bodies. Individual societies must be discouraged from seeking personal identity at the cost of new reforms. CAW believes that the strength of societies lies in their membership. The business of animal abuse i s increasing every year, whether it concerns factory farming or animal experimentation, circuses or the horse trade. CAW participants are interested in saving lives of animals or reducing their suffering, to the total exclusion of society identity, and infighting.

At CAW meetings all a re welcome and everyone is given an opportunity to express their views on current and future happenings within the movement or contributing to the bulletin. For further details, send s . a . e. to : Co-ordinating Animal Welfare, P O Box 61, Camberley, Surrey.

Angela

A N I M A L A I D Over a thousand took part in the demonstration against vivisection in

Oxford on Septembe: 27th. It attracted a lot of local attention and was given good coverage on television on Sunday evening - described as the largest ever of Its kind.

F U T U R E E V E N T S Wednesday, 16 January 1980 1.00 to 5.00 pm. Demonstration outside National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill - protest about horrific experiments on cats Thursday, 14 February 1.00 to 6.00 pm. Demonstration outside University College, Gower Street (Euston Road end) - protest against induced nerve damaging experiments on rats and mice Saturday, 29 March National Animal Aid March in London - further details later from ANIMAL AID, 111 Estridge Way, Tonbridge, Kent

28

W H O L E - F O O D C O - O P a We are pleased to print the following list of "wholefood co-ops. " Many

such shops are now functioning throughout the country. They sell 100% flours, whole cereals^nany kinds of beans, dried fruits, nuts, seeds and other goods that a re clearly vegan. Being unprocessed and unpackaged, the goods can be sold more cheaply. The shops are often run by a group of young people willing to work for low returns; this brings prices down still further. Sometimes goods are sold in bulk at even lower rates.

They need not be considered to compete with the valued but different service given by the Health Food Shops for so many years. Greater London Neal's Yard, Neal Street, WC2 Towards Jupiter, 191 Mare St, E8 Cornucopia, Ealing Broadway, W5 Hertfordshire Crystal Harvest, 174 High St, Watford also 28 London Road, St Albans Kent Mrs Smith, Gastronomy, 160 High Street, Tonbridge Lancashire M Stannard, 35 Bath Street, Bolton Alternative, 103a Union St. Oldham. Manchester Harvest Foods, Lower Market Hall, Arndale Centre, City Centre Shropshire Crabapple, 16 St Mary's Street, Shrewsbury

" V E G A N

Wiltshire Swindon Pulse Wholefood Cooperative, 105 Curtis Street, Swindon Worcestershire Ray Leach, Tenbury Wholefoods, Westfield, Eastham, Tenbury Wells Yorkshire Fodder Wholefoods, 2 Norfolk Street, Bingley, West Yorkshire Wales Ear to the Ground, 37 Marlborough Road, Brynmill, Swansea, Glam. The Wholefood Shop, Princess Street, Aberystwyth, Dyfed Windsor Health Centre, 28 Chalybeate Street, Aberystwyth, Dyfed Aardvark Wholefoods, 2 Mansell St., Carmarthen, Dyfed The Mulberry Bush, Bridge Street, Lampeter, Dyfed I E W S "

The aim of "Vegan Views" is to act as a forum for readers ' opinions, ideas and thoughts, and to increase contact between vegans. It is composed almost entirely of what our readers send and comes out four times a year. Subscription is £1.00

will do) for the current issue. To Valerie & David, , Ramsbottom, BURY, Lanes. BL0 0JW

29

SHOPPING mH m - jfeSs^ Readers have been more than usually diligent this quarter in writing to

manufacturers, which is greatly appreciated. However, the VEGAN has limited space for products news so, if you do not see your contribution in this issue, do not be discouraged and stop writing.

Some items may not appear at all and this will be because, upon further investigation, the product will be found to be unacceptable, often due to animal ingredients In the emulsifier. (See other pages about contacting the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food on this matter.)

Moreover current information occasionally contradicts information prev-iously received; we regret but cannot avoid this. Please go by the LAST news in the VEGAN and correct old copies when passing them on to others.

NON-DAIRY - What does it mean? Some of our readers, particularly ne-.v members, are surprised to see that

items advertised as "Non-dairy" a re later listed in the Journal as "Not Vegan". "Non-dairy" foods a re those which contain no milk FAT. Skimmed milk solids and/or whey may be used. Also some "Non-dairy" items contain an ingredient of animal origin, usually in the emulsifier, and a re therefore not even lacto-vegetarian.

WAIT ROSE and a few other Companies a re now producing tinned fruit in fruit juice - unsweetened - as an alternative to sugar syrup. A good step in the right direction.

LEAD EN FOOD

On the advice of the Committee on Food Contaminants, the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food laid Regulations on "Lead in Food" before Parliament on 12 October. These recommendations a re expected to come into force next April (1980). They would greatly reduce the amount of lead allow-able in foods, especially in those for infants. Full details from H M Stationery Office - "Lead in Food Regulations 1979 S 1" (48 pence including postage).

This is mentioned here because such reforms come about eventually through public concern MAKING ITSELF KNOWN. It is always helpful t o write to the Ministry on any problem concerning food, particularly, at the moment, the need for "emulslfiers" in foods to be clearly indicated on the label as to any ingred-ient of animal origin. Most of them do but they need not - for there a r e vegan alternatives - and vegetarians have no way of knowing which has been used in a product. (Many of the companies using emulsifiers do not even know the ingredients, although some of them are good enough to take the trouble to find out for us.)

GET BUSY - this is important to all of usl

30

I S O M E V E G A N F O O D S

Merseyside Food Products: VELVET LOW FAT SPREAD A new vegan product which should be in Consuma Stores in the Southampton area by the time you get this,also Lennons Stores in the North West. Ask for it in Health Food Shops and Supermarkets everywhere and so encourage stores throughout the country to stock it.

Fine Fare: SWEET WHIP DESSERT MIXES - BANANA, BUTTERSCOTCH, RASPBERRY and STRAWBERRY FLAVOURS only. INSTANT PUDDINGS (not the new milk chocolate flavour, obviously).

Golden Wonder: POT NOODLES - CURRY and BEEF TOMATO FLAVOURS only (the "beef" is T. V. P . ) , SALT'N VINEGAR ATOM SMASHERS, READY SALTED CRISPS and BEEF AND ONION CRISPS.

Heinz: LOW-CALORIE VEGETABLE SOUP Marks & Spencer: INDIVIDUAL FRUIT PIES

Slacks READY SALTED and SALT AND VINEGAR CRISPS, SALTED CHEPLETS, SALT AND VINEGAR CHIPLETS, POTATO RINGS. Breads CRUSTY RANGE, FARMHOUSE, LONG SLICED, CRUMPETS, MORNING ROLLS, POTATO CAKES, FRUIT MALT LOAF

Rich's: NON-DAIRY CREAMER (in frozen liquid form) J Sainsbury: INSTANT HOT CEREAL, WHOLEWHEAT BISK, PUFFED

WHEAT, MINI WHEATS. Stuffings PARSLEY, THYME & LEMON, SAGE & ONION. Snacks ALL CRISPS, POTATO CHIPS, POTATO RINGS, CRUNCHY STICKS. CANNED VEGETABLE SOUP, BEANS IN TOMATO SAUCE, SPAGHETTI IN TOMATO SAUCE, SPAGHETTI RINGS IN TOMATO SAUCE

Burton's: GOLD MEDAL MORNING COFFEE BISCUITS Bickiepegs: BICKIEPEGS TEETHING BISCUITS Associated Biscuits: Huntley & Palmer 's TIFFANY ORANGE WAFERS,

TIFFANY LEMON WAFERS Terry 's : BITTER CHOCOLATE, SUGARED ALMONDS Vitaquellewerk: VITAQUELLE MARGARINE Lanes OLBAS PASTILLES-medicinal.

HAVE YOU RETURNED THE SLIP APPLYING TO JOIN THE VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED ? IF NOT, PLEASE USE FORM AT BOTTOM OF PAGE 1

31 I

N O T V E G A N

Findus Foods: Potato Croquettes

Kenco: Coffee Top Please delete this from the Autumn "Vegan" Rayner & Pennycook: Rayvit B12 tablets Gold Cup: margarine (contains whey)

In the VEGETARIAN HANDBOOK for 1979/80 there a re corrections to be made under the "Vegan" headings. A. A. Supply Company's Millotto Savoury Millet (page 164) and Granose Chicken Pie Filling and Chicken Savoury Pudding (page 165) are not vegan.

Creighton: ALL SHAMPOOS, HERBAL HAIR CONDITIONER, HERBAL FOAM BATH, ROLL-ON DEODORANT, APRICOT OIL VEGETABLE SOAP Herbal Hair and Beauty Clinic: QUEEN OF HUNGARY WATER, MARSH-MALLOW MOISTURISER, EYEBRIGHT, MOISTURISING HAND & BODY CREAM, LIME BATH OIL, HERBAL SHAMPOOS, ALMOND OIL CREAM SHAMPOO, HAIR COLOURINGS , etc. These delightful beauty aids a re available at present only from shops in Dorset but can be ordered by post. Details from 29 High Street, Poole, Dorset. Jabley: SKINFRESH, HONEYDEW LIPSTICK, BATH ESSENCE, LUXURY BATH OIL, FLOWER DRUM PERFUME, BLUE COLOGNE, ICED COLOGNE, TOILETTE FRAGRANCE, TOILET BOUQUET Lanes: TIKI SHAMPOOS, SEAWEED BATH, ELDER & LEMON WATER, WITCH HAZEL SKIN FRESHENER, ALL FRUIT FOAM BATHS, ALL SOAPS

Martha Hill: all TOILETRIES By post only

N O T V E G A N Nicholas: We quote "At present . . . Radox Salts and Radox Herbal contain. . . lanolin The Company is conscious , though, of public feeling on the use of animal extracts in its products and it is scheduled that lanolin BP will be omitted from Radox products from the beginning of next y e a r . " (1980)

Proof that it is ALWAYS worth the time spent on writing to manufacturers. If they KNOW enough people care, they will seek and use humane alternatives.

32

J

H O U S E H O L D P R O D U C T .S Copydex: ALL PRODUCTS Finbar: PURE VEGETABLE OIL HOUSEHOLD SOAP The distribut-

ion of this product has now changed hands and it should be in the shops soon. Johnson's: SILICONE WAX POLISH

N O T V E G A N i Unilever: Although Jif, Domestos, Stergene, Sunlight Washing Up

Liquid and Comfort contain no animal based ingredients, they will have been tested on laboratory animals at some time during their manufacture.

Footwear News 9t.SX v ;h~s^ppingior-hon-l^MeiNsffoM^

k&urers mai^ttoe insoles-tath foe-^^ time-saving if one knows what to ask for in advance.

The current "K" Shoes catalogue contains quite a selection of non-leather shoes for ladies in all types from high-heeled strappy sandals to low-heeled c6mforta:ble walking shoes with pliable soles - so sensible and kind to the feet. The upper materials used are "Kaytone" and "Kaylin". The latter is a poromeric material, recommended for foot health. A few examples of Kaylin shoes in styles I would choose to wear a r e : DONNA in the Personality range, NANETTE in the Lady X group, SONYA 11, SPINDRIFT and SPARKLER (No. 4500G) all from the Skips range. Sonya 11 is my choice this season but it is also made in leather, so ask for KA YLIN. For a more dressy style with a slightly higher heel, ask for DULCIE in either Kaylin or Kaytone. The full range is too long to list but details a re available at any "K" shoes stockist.

Unfortunately "K" shoes in simulated leathers are not,yet available for men or children. We shall be glad to hear from members of any quality make which will fill this gap.

VEGAN PRODUCTS LIST We regret that the 1980 edition of the Vegan Products List will be delayed

due to the replies* from manufacturers not coming in as promptly as we had hoped. To avoid the added inconvenience and expense of reprinting i'sn a few weeks, we how plan to have' the list ready by 31 January. It would help if readers would delay sending their orders until after Christmas, when we shall be pleased to have them all! They will be 56 pence each.,

33

A D V E R T I S E M E N T S Please send to the Secretary, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey, by 1st February 1980 for the next issue. Advertisers a re asked to note that we shall be unable to deal with box numbers in future. Rate - 5p a word PLEASE SAVE "GOOD EARTH". Good Earth is an endangered species, please help by subscribing to Good Earth and keep the newspaper from Extinction. Environmental news:- whales, seals, factory-farming, nu-killer power, pollution, waste and more. Yearly subscription (4 issues) £1.00 or send 25p for sample copy to: The Circulation Manager, 18 Cofton Lake Road, Birmingham, B45 8PL.

RETIRED VEGETARIAN, animal lover, with country property, would like to accommodate one or two retired Vegetarians or Vegans; expenses shared; pets welcome. Box Number 47-

m

Box Number 48 AHEMSA - quarterly magazine of the American Vegan Society. Veganism -Natural Living - Reverence for life. Calendar year subscription $8 or £4 includes 5 issues of North American Vegetarian Society' s "Vegetarian Voice". Address: 501 Old Harding Highway, Malaga, N.J . 08328 VEGAN COUPLE, eager to set up/join New Age self-sufficient "village" community. Contacts, ideas, please^ Box Number 49

HOLIDAYS, SOMERSET, Burnham-on-Sea. Vegan/vegetarian cuisine. Open Christmas and all year except October. Interesting area. Sea, sand, hills, caves, history, sport. Annual holiday or weekend break. S. A.E. Oxford House, 65 Oxford Street, Burnham-on-Sea. ASSOCIATE FEMALE VEGAN with children seeks help adjustment of self and possibly children to total vegan diet. Any assistance welcome. South East Essex. Box Number 50

VEGFAM feeds the hungry via plant-based foodstuffs, leaf protein, seeds, irrigation, etc. Trustees, The Sanctuary, Lydford, Okehampton, Devon. Visitors welcome. Tel. Lydford (082 282) 203. YOUNG PERSON FOR SELF-SUFFICIENCY GARDENING and some domestic work wanted. £25.00 per week plus board & lodging. Phone Reading (0734)

478511 HA VE YOU RETURNED THE SLEP APPLYING TO JOIN THE VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED ? IF NOT, PLEASE USE FORM AT BOTTOM OF PAGE 1

34

EXPERIENCED WHOLEFOOD COOK/Saleswoman seeks employment in Cornwall 1980. Anything considered - Shop, Restaur ouse.

commuting distance Redruth, Cornwall. Kidmore End, Reading. Tel. 073 525 22

THE ISLE OF WIGHT ANIMAL PRESERVATION AND ACTION GROUP wishes to f ree any animal whatsoever fro can.

es all adhesion to vegan ideals. , Atherfield, Ventnor P038 2LQ,

WORLD FOREST CAMPAIGN-concern at the destruction of the world's forests is growing. There is urgent need for a vigorous and well thought out campaign to secure action before it is too late. This was agreed at the Malvern Festival in June. Your interest and support is urgently needed. For details send SAE to World Forest Campaign, c /o Forest Cottage, Trelleck Road, Tintern, Chepstow,

GWENT Holidays

INVERNESS Vegan/vegetarian accommodation in charming cottage on high road between Inverness and Nairn., Good tourist centre, walking, golf course, sea; beach near by. Guests welcome, all year. Tel. 066 78 352 DYFED Dolanog, Peiicae, Llanarth. Beach and country lane walks. Interesting market towns. Vegetarian/vegan meals. Family/homely atmosphere. SAE appreciated to Susan Taylor. SCARBOROUGH Book now for self-contained two-bedroomed,flat sleeping four comfortably. Very near sea. Self-catering. Vegans/vegetarians preferred. SAE to Proprietor, 18 Bar Street, Scarborough Tel. 0723 7,1976 SOMERSET Vegan/vegetarian cuisine; Open Christmas and all,year, except October. Interesting area. Sea, sand, hills, caves, history, sport. Amiual holiday or weekend break. SAE Oxford House, 65 Oxford S ree t , Burnham-on-Sea, TA8 1EN.

FOR SALE 22 ft static caravan on Bedfordshire site. Mary Chisholm, 43 Hope Street, Glossop, Derbyshire. Tel. 045 7.4 5272

35

HOLIDAYS AFLOAT with vegans Wendy and Brian BURNETT Relaxing, peaceful outdoor holidays for

the adventurous - or the sea-wary French < Wild birds, 4Ntti

No experience necessary, no age limit Families, individuals, children

E65 - £85 p. wk. (less off-season) Longer or shorter periods available

Send stamp for details to : 51 MAIN ROAD, KINNERTON,

CHESTER, CH4 9AJ

;

THE NATURAL HEALTH CLINIC

NON-RESIDENTIAL under the personal supervision of the Principal

N O R M A N E D D I E The clinic specialises in the Naturopathic approach to health problems including:

Gynaecology Arthritis

in comnlaints

Nervous System. Why not write or telephone our receptionist for • appointment:-

THE NATURAL HEALTH CLINIC 133, GATLEY ROAD, GATLEY, CHEADLE, CHESHIRE SK84PD Telephone: 06]-428-4980

ECONOMY LABELS 100 for 6Op & S.A. E. Many thanks to all the readers who sent ideas for printing.

as illustrated & A / V

GREENWAYS GUESTHOUSE 24 Marian Ave. Mablethorpe, Lines.

(Tel. 7508)

Chris & Chris Phillips members of Vegan Society welcome vegans. Home baking, wholefoods, safe sandy beach.

Send S A E for brochure. HONEY

We were pleased to hear that honey taking is to be left to "individual conscience". Its the only sensible way when there is no clear agreement among members. Most vegans will not want to buy it when they find out how the bees are treated, but if we knoMthe bee-keeper is good that is a different matter. Making a fuss about honey humanely produced gives us a precious, dogmatic image and puts off the people we need to help us get rid of slaughter houses and veal units. Let's think about the thousands of animals who suffer so horribly. Let's keep a sense of prop< ortion. Let's keep as many people as possible with us showing that veganism is a healthy sensible way of life. Let's get them active against dairy products and vivisection. ^ M&C Williams

36 j

BEAUTY WITHOUT CRUELTY

Natural Fragrant Flower Creations P E R F U M E : R O S E P E T A L S K I N F R E S H E N E R A V O C A D O S A T I N L O T I O N : P I N E F O A M B A T H L O T U S F L O W E R S H A M P O O : E Y E M A K E - U P

T O I L E T S O A P S : D E O D O R A N T F A C E P O W D E R & T A L C U M

C U C U M B E R C L E A N S I N G M I L K & A F T E R S H A V E

NEW: GENERAL PURPOSE SOAP & WASHING-UP LIQUID

Obtainable from Health Stores or Beauty without Cruelty Boutiques In: ENFIELD . LEEDS . LONDON . EDINBURGH . DUNDEE & STANFORD

(Lincolnshire) BWC. 1 CALVERLY PARK, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT

MILK THAT'S NEVER EVER SEEN A COW!

It 's 100% vegetable . . . made f rom the soya bean and packed with protein and goodness. Its production involves no exploitation of animals. The flavour is qui te delicious—all the family, particularly the children will love it. You can drink it on its own as a super health drink or use it on breakfast cereals, in coffee or tea

or in dishes such as milk puddings and custards. What 's more it will keep in tne can just as long as you want to keep it. A wonderful ly versatile and nutr i t ious food

.. Golden Archer Beanmilk by Itona. It 's at your health food store.

'Golden Archer* BEANMILK The Milk That 's 100% Non-Animal

C R A N K S HeALTH FOODS William flakeHouse ^ianhallStnet'limJIcn Wl

35 Castlt Stmt ; QutUford - fumy 13 RKS 5trwt" Onrtmouth Dfvm 35 Hqh Stntt - Trtws - Devon

Also CRANKS RESTAURANT IN HEAL'S, 196 TOTTENHAM COURT RD„

W . l . CRANKS RESTAURANT, SHINNERS BRIDGE, DARTINGTON, DEVON.

PLAMIL range is exclusively vegan

PLAMIL : DELICE : SA-VREE:

RICE PUDDING with SULTANAS: and new

CAROB-EAN (CAROB SOYA PLAMIL) Please place a regular order with your

H E A L T H STORE. Literature available—S.A.E. please.

PLAMIL FOODS LTD. Plamil House, Bowles Well Gdns. Folkestone, Kent