the value proposition for gs1 id keys and rfid in rail
TRANSCRIPT
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Karl Åkerlund, Swedish Transport AdministrationSeppo Mäkitupa, Liikennevirasto, Finland
The Value Proposition for GS1 ID Keys and
RFID in Rail
Transport & Logistics Workshop GS1 Event 2015
12th October 2015, Warsaw
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The need for monitoring
● each train of each operator will be monitored:
• running temperatures of the axle bearings
• defect wheels and pantographs
• loading imbalance
12.10.2015 SJM 2
• monitoring means
• fewer derailments
• lower maintenance costs
• more effective use of the network
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One track – many users
● Monitoring offered as a service
● Liikennevirasto (FTA) as the railway infrastructure manager provides the data to the railway operators
● WIN-WIN: track owner gets data about the track wear, operator gets data about its fleet
Result: maintenance in time, more available capacity, less severe faults, fewer disturbances, more predictability, …
12.10.2015 SJM 3
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Train composition
Transaction:Train x
Information
– through borders
- Denmark
- Norway
- Train companies
- Industries
- Universities
- Etc…
Object:Vehicle 1Information
Object:Vehicle 2Information
Object:Vehicle 3Information
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12.10.2015 SJM 5
Rolling stock – Track interaction
●Track - rolling stock interfaces
1. The wheel and the rail
2. The pantograph and the catenary line
3. Axle bearings
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SitesFinland
12.10.2015 SJM 6
Type Qty
Hot Axle Box Detectors (HABD)
103
PantographMonitoring Systems (APMS)
9
Wheel Impact LoadDetectors (WILD)
10
RFID Rail Reader Units (RRU)
120
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Geography Sweden
183 Read points installed
(176 matched with WTMS)
+150 planned installations -2017
> 3500 tagged vehicles
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12.10.2015 SJM 8
Devices Finland
● Sensys Traffic APMS II
● voestalpine Phoenix MB HABD
● Tamtron Scalex WILD
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12.10.2015 SJM 9
The required spice: RFID
● Data produced by the monitoring devices is converted into
information by adding a simple spice: RFID
● Information is provided for the train operators,
if their fleet carries RFID tags
● prerequisites for the use of RFID are based on GS1 Guideline
RFID In Rail
● A new, automatic centralized system (VALTSU) in production by
the end of 2015
• combines the monitoring data with the RFID reading
• offers tools for analysis
• enables tracking the defect rolling stock unit
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Traditional use of WTMS (Wayside Train Monitoring systems)
is based on actions on emergency alarms
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Goals – Preventive maintenance
If I knew my vehicles condition
I could plan my work!
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Goals – Track and trace
My vehicles position is vital
for our business!
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Why use Identification Numbers?
• A train consists of wagons and a locomotive
• Wagons have numbers:
Long ago ‘123’, now European Vehicle Number
Identification of trains
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Why use Identification Numbers?
• A train consists of wagons and a locomotive
• Wagons have numbers:
Long ago ‘123’, now European Vehicle Number
• Large scale identification: RFID tags
Identification of trains
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91 84 1186 004-5 NL-NS ) ))(( () ))
91 84 1186 004-5 NL-NS50 84 10-70 483-9 NL-NS50 84 20-70 416-7 NL-NS50 84 82-70 971-6 NL-NS50 84 20-70 406-8 NL-NS50 84 10-70 481-3 NL-NS
Why use Identification Numbers?
• A train consists of wagons and a locomotive
• Wagons have numbers:
Long ago ‘123’, now European Vehicle Number
• Large scale identification: RFID tags
Identification of trains
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Global agreement, applied across Europe
standard for Rail Vehicle Visibility
EPC
EPCIS
GS1 EPCIS for Rail Vehicle VisibilityApplication Standard
RFID in RailEuropean Guideline for theIdentification of Railway Assets usingGS1 Standards
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AVI – Automatic Vehicle Identification
Axle/Wheel sensors- detects vehicles/wagons
without transponders/tags
- speed
- direction
- distance between axles
RFID reader/antenna app. 3 m from nearest rail
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Identification and positioning of rail vehicles
EPCIS - Vehicle ID, Location, Time, Direction
- Hotbox, Hot wheel, Wheel damage
- To Whom, What, How
GS1 standardised RFID-tag on vehicle (~ 4 €/pcs)
- Vehicle number EVN
- Company prefix
Subscription basis
HRMS
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12.10.2015 SJM 19
Requirements for coding the tags
● Air protocol according to EPC Gen 2 ISO 18000-63
● Data contents must meet the requirements of EPC GIAI-96
● EPC Tag Data Standard, v.1.9, November 2014, by GS1
Position Length Description Value
1-8 8 Header 00110100 (fixed)9-11 3 Filter value 000 (fixed)
12-14 3 Partition 101 (5, 7-digit ownership mark)15-38 24 Company prefix 7-digit39-96 58 Individual Asset Reference 17-digit (see below)
Position Contents Coding1 Side indicator 0 = not in use
1 = not in use2 = A-end (e.g. hand brake end)3 = B-end (e.g. non-hand-brake end)4-9 = engaged
2-5 engaged To be filled with zeros6-17 EVN 12-digit vehicle number
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12.10.2015 SJM 20
Managing the four W’s
Monitoring process
RFID reading
condition report
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Steel train
Luleå-BorlängeTrain composition changes during
the journey
1
2
2 1
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• Fall 2002: Square wheels (caused by falling leaves)…
• Flat surfaces on wheels causing damage on bearings with
risk of derailment
• Monitoring wheels with Gotcha/Quo Vadis, immediate repair using
kuilwielenbank
How does Vehicle Identification help Rail?
Dutch example
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91 84 1186 004-5 NL-NS
• Result: drastic reduction of damage to both wheels and tracks
• In turn costs and risks are also significantly reduced
) )) ) ))(( (
91 84 1186 004-5 NL-NS50 84 10-70 483-9 NL-NS50 84 20-70 416-7 NL-NS50 84 82-70 971-6 NL-NS50 84 20-70 406-8 NL-NS50 84 10-70 481-3 NL-NS
How does Vehicle Identification help Rail?
Dutch example
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12.10.2015 SJM 24
An example: Wheel Impact Load Monitoring
Impact force 224 kN
force variation 763 %
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Results vs. limits:
12.10.2015 SJM 25
Alarm Level Limit Actions
Dynamic impact force Qimp
Q5 > 500 kN To be removed from the train ASAP; speed limit of 50 km/h until removal
Q4 > 450 kN Speed limit of 50 km/h after alarm; wheelset shall be fixed before the next loading
Q3 > 350 kN No speed limit, wheelset shall be fixed before the next loading
Q2 > 300 kN Wheelset shall be fixed during the next service
Q1 > 250 kN ECM schedules the corrective actions
Dynamic factor fdyn
f3 > 800 % Wheelset shall be fixed before the next loading
f2 > 600 % Wheelset shall be fixed during the next service
f1 > 400 % ECM schedules the corrective actions
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12.10.2015 SJM 26
A wagon needs maintenance:
Answers to the four W’s!= where
= when
= what
= why
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12.10.2015 SJM 27
A long-term follow-up of one wheel
21 passings, 3 sites, loaded wagon;
Gross weight 57… 80 tons
Speed 57 … 79 km/h
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12.10.2015 SJM 29
Advantages of combining RFID with the data
RFID in use
Train Dispatcher
Day 1, alarm:
- time
- site
- cause
- direction
- # of axle
Day 2, alarm:
- time
- site
- cause
- direction
- # of axle
Day n, alarm:
- time
- site
- cause
- direction
- # of axle
• ID + data =
information
• Unique history
• Even unique
alarm limits
• Less repeated
alarms
• Simple tracking
• No misspelling
RFID-
Reading
=
ID
VALTSU system
wagon 12345678901-2 + results for a wheel
Train Driver
Check
”Faulty wagon
12345678901-2”
RU’s operative
servicesMaintenance
Train Traffic Control
Technical Control
Room
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Manual monitoring of wheel-damages
20
7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Januari 2014
Emergency alarms 2014
19
26
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Januari 2013
Emergency alarms 2013
Selection group
Validation group
Saves about 2 million euro/year in real processjust avoiding delays(less maintenance not included)
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Service introduced 2017:
Identification and positioning of rail vehicle
2017
• Maintenance based upon WTMS
• Less traffic disturbance
• Track and Trace
• Correct train composition
• Efficient logistics
2018
• Automatic reporting
• Satellite positioning
• Introducing Business location
• Etc…
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Standardisation wanted…
● EIM (European Rail Infrastructure Managers) support including/transferring the GS1 guideline in a new standard• Cooperation between EIM,
CEN/CENELEC and GS1
● CURRENT:
Finland has sent out a work item request for a new EN standard through Finnish Standards Association SFS at the end of September
evaluation and voting arranged by EN TC225/WG4
12.10.2015 SJM 32
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● ‘The same world – but in reverse:
‒ Instead of Trains passing readers
‒ Readers pass along the track (capturing ID’s from RFID tags).
Other uses for RFID in Rail?
The concept also works ‘upside down’
) ) )
) ))
123456789101112131415161
123456789101112131423785123456789101112131415161123456789101132975523219
123456789101112131423785 123456789101132975523219
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●Action = Reaction: bad tracks cause damage to wheels
●Finding small defects before they become serious using detectors in normal trains with same result as before: reduction of cost and risk
●Feasible only through automated capture and processing of data
They enable capturing and processing massive datasets.
) ) )
) ))
123456789101112131415161123456789101112131423785 123456789101132975523219
123456789101112131423785123456789101112131415161123456789101132975523219
Other uses for RFID in Rail?
Other uses for RFID in Rail? Other uses for RFID in Rail?
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12.10.2015 SJM 35
Thank you!
Questions?