The Urinary SystemThe Urinary System

Components of Urinary SystemComponents of Urinary System

2 Kidneys

2 Ureters

Bladder

Urethra

Structures within The HilumStructures within The Hilum

Renal Vein:

Renal Artery

Ureter:

most posterior

Internal Anatomy of The KidneyInternal Anatomy of The KidneyIn longitudinal section

Cortex

Medulla

The kidney is protected by three coverings:

1.

2.

3.

Draining System Within KidneyDraining System Within Kidney

Each pyramid drains into

Minor calyx

Minor calyces join into

Major calyx

Major calyces join into

Renal pelvis

Renal pelvis drains to

ureter

Internal AnatomyInternal AnatomyRugae & Trigone

Rugae: folds of bladder mucosa

- more prominent when bladder is ??

Trigone

- No rugae (smooth)

- Post. Corners= openings of ?, ant. Corner: opening of ?

Histology of the Urinary SystemHistology of the Urinary System

Renal TubulesRenal Tubules

PCT

Cortex

Simple cub. epith.

Loop of Henle

Cortex & Medulla

Simple sq. epth.

2 limbs: ?

DCT

Cortex

Simple cub. epith.

Drain into ??

Cortical NephronCortical Nephron Juxtamedullary NephronJuxtamedullary Nephron

Types of NephronsTypes of Nephrons

Renal CorpuscleRenal Corpuscle

Corpuscle = tiny body

Located in ??

Fx.: bld. filtration &

urine formation

Composed of:

1. Glomerulus:

2. Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule

Double walled cup (simple sq. epith.)

One side: surround the capillaries (Visceral)

Other side: continues with tubules (parietal)

Renal cortex:

Urinary space

Tubular pole

Proximal tubules

Distal tubules

Peritubular capillaries

Collecting ductsCollecting ducts

Juxtaglomerular apparatusJuxtaglomerular apparatus

UreterUreter

Layers of The BladderLayers of The Bladder

Mucosa

Transitional epithelium

Submucosa

Muscularis Layer:

3 layers of smooth muscles

Adventitia: loose areolar CT

serosa: layer of peritoneum covering superior Surface only