the universe - a quest for reality - by nina niermann, julia panczyk & lisa timmermann emergent...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Universe - A Quest for Reality - By Nina Niermann, Julia Panczyk & Lisa Timmermann Emergent Complexity in Physics 17.12.2004](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db45503460f94aa57bd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Universe - A Quest for Reality -
By Nina Niermann, Julia Panczyk & Lisa Timmermann
Emergent Complexity in Physics 17.12.2004
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Table of Contents
• A short History of Physics Newton Einstein QM prospective unified theories
• Cosmology challenges of recent discoveries
• concluding thoughts
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Milestones in Physics
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)• universal gravitation• laws of motion• groudwork for classical mechanics
Albert Einstein (1879-1955)• special relativity• general relativity• photoelectric effect
Quantum Mechanics• quantization• particle-wave duality
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The Standard Model
Categorized according to mass:
• Leptons
• Mesons
• Baryons
Categorized according to spin:
• Bosons
• Fermions
Hadrons Quarks
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Confrontation of Two Successful Theories
General RelativityQuantum Field Theory
deals with particles assumes fixed spacetime (special coordinates) gravity caused by gravitons quantized energy includes standard model
micro scale
dynamic spacetime no objective frame of reference (independent coordinates) gravity = curved spacetime time slower in gravity field
macro scale
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GUTS and TOES
2 prominent attempts of solving the problem:
String Theory
Loop Quantum Gravity
Unificatie
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String Theory
• string = single elementary building block
• particle types = different vibrational modes
„Its incompleteness is strength as well as weakness of the theory“
A link between macro and micro
• purely mathematical
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100 Years of Progress
• individual versus collective
• quantum mechanics & string theory: results of collaboration new media: reaction to reaction to reaction...
• interdisciplinary cooperation
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The Modern Universe
• Fast-paced progression in cosmology
• Striking developments:
cosmic background radiation (WMAP)
dark matter dark energy expansion of the universe acceleration of expansion
Good for you...
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Dynamic Universe
• Einstein: static universe introduction of cosmological constant
• detection of redshift expansion
• acceleration
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Cosmic Background Radiation
• accidentally detected in 1960s
• radiation from era of recombination
• WMAP produces image of CBR (2003)
• density fluctuation
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Dark Matter & Dark Energy
• hints for existance:
cosmic background radiation critical mass density
• 2-5 % luminous matter• ~ 25 % dark matter• ~ 70 % dark energy
• prominent candidate for dark matter: neutralino• candidates for dark energy: vacuum energy, cosmological constant
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Dijkgraafian Thoughts
• challenges to string theory: create complete picture incorporation and prediction of new discoveries Large Hadron Collider
• modern research: no one way street
• derivation of spacetime
• „It‘s all about asking questions!“
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Any questions...... from the
experts?
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May the Force be with you...
Nina NiermannJulia PanczykLisa Timmermann
Special Thanks to:Prof. Robbert DijkgraafProf. Ronald Westra