The French and Indian War

The United States: Resources and RegionsChapter 2

Mr. FerroUS History

US Resources Lesson 1Essential Questions:How does geography influence the way people live?

It Matters Because:The natural resources found in the United States determine the economic activities of people throughout the nations.

Types of Resources Lesson 1Guiding Question How do renewable and nonrenewable natural resources supply human needs?

Environment The air, water, and land that surround you The environment varies from place to place

Natural Resources- materials found in nature that people use

Vital part of the environment Soil to grow foodTrees for lumber Oil for energy

Economics- the study of how individuals and nations make choices about ways to use scarce resources to fulfill their needs and wants

Two types of natural resourcesNonrenewable- cannot be replaced within our lifetimeIron ore, gold, oil

Renewable- cannot be used up or can be replaced in a reasonable amount of timeSun, wind, water, forests

U.S. is rich in natural resourcesDetermines what people make, the jobs they do, and the way they live

Nonrenewable ResourcesMinerals- Natural materials found in the earth that do not come from plants and animalsSilver, iron ore, zinc, copper, gold, quartz, limestone, lead granite, magnesium and a variety of gemstonesExtracted from mines Used for construction, heating and the production of goodsElectrical wiresComputer chips jewelryIron or for steel

Nonrenewable Resources (continued)Energy- refers to power (heat and electricity)Oil, natural gas and coalConverted in to fuel to produce energyFossil fuel- result from the breakdown of organic or once-living materials Takes thousands or even millions of years to form

7Natural Gas Use, 2010

Renewable ResourcesThe United States has an abundance of renewable resources. Land Fertile soil for agricultureFish and other sea animalsLumber Building homes, making paper Water Motion of tides and windSun, plant material, atomic reactions

Locating Nonrenewable Resources MineralsCopper mined in the westColorado, Utah and New MexicoGoldNevada (also silver) and AlaskaIronMinnesota and Michigan ZincTennessee, Alaska and MissouriLimestoneGreat Lakes and Florida

Guiding Question: What natural resources in the US are limited in supply? Locating Nonrenewable Resources EnergyOilAlaska, California, Oklahoma, Texas and the Gulf of Mexic oNatural Gal Oklahoma, Texas and KansasCoalAppalachian Mountains (East), Wyoming (West)

Oil Rigs in the Gulf of Mexico

Using Renewable Resources LandLand is a vital renewable resourceHalf of the land in the US is used to grow crops and raise animalsFertile landsCentral USCoastal plains Along rivers Corn, wheat, cotton, tobaccoVegetables, fruits, poultry, pigs, dairy cows, livestock

Using Renewable Resources WaterWater is also a major resourceDrinking, washing, farming, gardening, travelUsed to produce energyRenewable resource of energySecond largest source of electricityTennessee Valley AuthorityOperates a system of 29 hydroelectric damsProvides electricity for Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi, AlabamaNiagara Falls Border of New York and Canada Also produces electricity

Using Renewable Resources WindThe US has begun to use its wind resources to generate electricityWind farms with many turbines operate in 36 states Turbine are at least 100 feet tallBlades connected to a generatorGreat Plains and coastal areas are ideal for exploring wind power

Using Renewable Resources SolarPower generated from the light and heat from the sunsome homes and businesses use solar panels to produce electricitySolar energy power plants in California and ArizonaFlorida power company completed construction on the nations largest solar energy plant2011solar panels and solar water heaters were installed in the White House

do16Using Renewable Resources Lumber Forests cover one-third of the United StatesHalf of the tree resources are in the Pacific NorthwestLarge forest areas in the Appalachian MountainsNew trees are planted to replace cut ones

Using Renewable Resources FishFresh water and deep sea fishingCoastal Regions Fisheries- the waters in which fish and other sea creatures are caughtOverfishing- due to increasing demand the survival of some fish is being threatened Fish Farming- businesses raise fish in tanks or enclosed areas

Consequences of Human ActivityGuiding question: Why is it important to conserve as well as use natural resources?People depend on natural resources to surviveHuman activity has a huge impact on:Water, land and airDrilling, mining, farming, building, cutting, fishing

PollutionPollution- materials that dirty the air, water and soilDamages the environment which then can harm peopleAir pollutionStreams and riversWildlife habitats

Conservation-planned, careful use of natural resourcesNatural Resources Conservation Service (1935)Helps to manage the use of resources Set aside large tracks of land for conservationLands set aside cannot be used

Bureau of Land Management Helps by protecting public lands from development

US RegionsLesson 2Essential Questions:What defines a region?

It Matters Because:Peoples jobs and lifestyles are closely connected to the region of the country in which they live.

Five Regions or AreasNortheastSouthMidwestInterior WestPacific

NortheastSmallest land areaMostly urban (thickly settled)New York and Philadelphia are 1rst and 6th in populationMany descended from EuropeansMany African Americans, Asians, and LatinosRocky Soil, mountainous landscape, cold winters Not ideal for farmingMiles of coastline and riversFishing, shipping and trade

Northeast EconomyThe economy is still based on tradeTrade- the buying of goods and services Service sectorProduces services rather than goodsHealthcare, banking, tourism, historic sitesComputers, communications, research, publishing, chemical production Coal mines and timber in the Appalachian MountainsFarms in Pennsylvania and New YorkCranberry bogs in MassachusettsMaple syrup in VermontJewelry in Rhode IslandNaval Shipyards in New Hampshire

SouthWarm climate, rich soil, lots of rainFarming is a key part of the economyCitrus, cotton, rice, tobacco, nuts, soybeans Cattle ranchingFossil fuel production (coal, natural gas, oil)West Virginia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Texas and OklahomaAerospace IndustryDevelops aircraft, spacecraft, missiles and satellites

Some Presidents from the SouthGeorge Washington VirginiaLyndon B. Johnson -TexasJimmy Carter GeorgiaGeorge H. W. Bush TexasGeorge W. Bush TexasBill Clinton -Arkansas

Population has increased and become more diverseRetirees, Latinos, Haitians Large rural areas areas not heavily populatedEverglades- National park reserved for diverse wildlifeAlligators, bobcats, manatees, turtles, panthersLarge growing urban areas (cities)Dallas, Houston, Atlanta, New Orleans, Miami

MidwestGuiding Question: How has geography of the Midwest shaped its development

Major Features Great Lakes and Great PlainsMiles of flat fertile landColder winters than the SouthDrier climateFarmers raiseWheat, corn, oats, soybeans, fruits, vegetablesThe breadbasket of the nationRanchers produce pork, beef and dairy products

Economy and PopulationMinerals- Iron ore, lead and zincAccess to shipping channels on the rivers and great lakesIn the 1900s Cleveland and Detroit produced carsFactories hit hard time in late twentieth centuryFactories moved South or to MexicoRegion became know as the Rust Belt, because of hard times and job lossesForeign competition and National economic downturn

Population is made up of:African Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos80 percent of Detroit's population is African American

Interior WestLong before the United States was formed, Native Americans have lived in this regionsSpanish arrived during the colonial periodSettlers from the East headed west in the 1800sThe region is dryFarming takes place because of irrigationCotton, alfalfa, and moreRanchers raise livestockLumberingMinerals Copper, iron, coal and others Energy -Oil and natural gas

Interior WestManufacturing has grown lately Products for the aeronautics and electronic industriesResearch and DevelopmentAerospace, nuclear weapons, energy industriesPopulation fewer people than other regionsMajor Cities Denver and Salt Lake centers for technologyAlbuquerque and Phoenix tourism industryArid climate of Arizona attracts retirees and visitors

Interior WestDramatic Geographic FeaturesRocky MountainsArizona DesertsGrand CanyonMillions of visitors Carved by the Colorado RiverGreat Salt Lake in UtahHover Damrises 726 feet above Lake MeadArizona and Nevada borderProvides electricity, flood control, farm irrigation and drinking water

Pacific Guiding Question- Which parts of its economy make the Pacific region unique?The states border the Pacific OceanClimates varyWashington and Oregon get plenty of rain Valuable Resources Gold, lead and copper in CaliforniaOil in AlaskaAlaskan pipelineTimber in Washington and Oregon

PacificMountain Ranges Sierra Nevada- in CaliforniaCascade Range- in Washington and OregonAlaska Range- in AlaskaMount McKinley highest peak in North AmericaDenali National ParkHawaii volcanoes (volcanic islands)

PacificAgricultureThe region produces more than half of the fruits and vegetables consumed in the United StatesHawaii grows:Sugarcane, pineapples, bananas, papayas and coffeeThe islands have rich volcanic soilAdditional IndustriesTourism, lumber, fishing, livestock, oil, plastics, satellite communications

PacificSilicon ValleyHub of the computer electronics industries near San Francisco

Other Major citiesSan Diego in CaliforniaSeattle Washington

Ethnic BackgroundWashington and Oregon Mostly EuropeanCalifornia, Hawaii and AlaskaNative Americans, Asian Americans, LatinosCalifornia has the largest population in the nation

Seattle, WashingtonSilicon Valley