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Page 1: The Union Customs Code: the new rules for simpler, faster ... · The Union Customs Code: the new rules for simpler, faster and safer trade

The Union Customs Code: the new rules for simpler, faster and safer trade

—kpmg.com/it

February 2018KPMG Italy

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欧州連合関税法典:貿易をより簡素・安全・迅速にするための新たな規則

—kpmg.com/it

2018年2月KPMGイタリア

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3© 2018 Studio Associato - Consulenza legale e tributaria, an Italian professional partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative ("KPMG International"), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.

AGENDA Page

— The Union Customs Code 5

— Customs classification 11

— Decisions relating to binding information

— Origin of goods

— Non-preferential origin

— Preferential origin

— Approved exporter

— Customs value

— Transaction value

— Customs regimes

— Simplified customs procedures

— AEO – Authorised economic operator

29

33

37

45

55

61

65

87

101

115

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4© 2018 Studio Associato - Consulenza legale e tributaria, an Italian professional partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative ("KPMG International"), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.

目次 ページ

— 欧州連合関税法典

— 関税分類

— 拘束的情報に関する決定(事前教示)

— 物品の原産地

— 非特恵原産地

— 特恵原産地

— 認定輸出者

— 関税評価額

— 取引価格

— 通関手続き

— 簡素化された通関手続き

— AEO – 認定事業者

6

12

30

34

38

46

56

62

66

88

102

116

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© 2018 Studio Associato - Consulenza legale e tributaria, an Italian professional partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative ("KPMG International"), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.

The Union Customs Code

An overview of the main changes

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欧州連合関税法典

主な改正事項の概要

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Union Customs Code

Reg. (EEC)No 913/1992

"CCC"

Reg. (EC) No 450/2008"MCC"

Reg. (EU)No 952/2013

"UCC"

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規則(EEC)No 2913/1992

"共同体関税法典"

規則(EC)No 450/2008"近代化関税法典"

規則(EU)No 952/2013"欧州連合関税法典"

欧州連合関税法典(UCC)

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Union Customs CodeRegulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the Union Customs Code("UCC")

CommissionDelegated Regulation (EU) 2446/2015(“UCC DA”)

CommissionImplementing Regulation (EU)2447/2015(“UCC IA”)

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 341/2016as regards transitional rules (“UCC TDA)

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欧州連合関税法典を規定する欧州議会および理事会規則(EU)No 952/2013("UCC")

委員会委任規則(EU)2446/2015(“UCC DA”)

委員会施行規則(EU)2447/2015(“UCC IA”)

移行のルールに関する委員会委任規則(EU)341/2016(“UCC TDA)

欧州連合関税法典(UCC)

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© 2018 Studio Associato - Consulenza legale e tributaria, an Italian professional partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative ("KPMG International"), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved.

Customs classification

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関税分類

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Tariff classificationSources:

Harmonized System of nomenclature — http://www.wcoomd.org - Harmonized System

Committee — World Customs Organisation (WCO) Publication -

Explanatory Notes to Harmonized System

CN (combined nomenclature) and TARIC (Integrated Tariff of the European Community)

— http://europa.eu.int/comm/taxation_customs: TARIC and BTI (Binding Tariff Information)

— UCC: article 33 (BTI); articles 56-57 — UCC DA: articles 11-22 (BTI)— Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 on the tariff

and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff: http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2003/l_281/l_28120031030en00010893.pdf

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ソース:関税品目分類表の統一システム(HS品目表)

— http://www.wcoomd.org – 統一システム委員会— 世界税関機構(WCO)発行 – HS品目表の注釈

CN(合同関税品目分類表)および TARIC(EU統合関税率)— http://europa.eu.int/comm/taxation_customs: TARIC および BTI(拘束的関税分類情報)

— UCC:33条(BTI);56-57条— UCC委任規則:11-22条(BTI)— 関税および統計的分類表ならびに共通関税率に関する理事会規則(EEC)No 2658/87:http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2003/l_281/l_28120031030en00010893.pdf

関税分類

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Harmonized System - WCOHarmonized System (HS) includes:HS Nomenclature (including Section and Chapter Notes)Six general classification rules Explanatory notes to the Combined Nomenclature

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統一システム(HS)には以下が含まれる:HS関税品目表(セクションおよび章の注釈を含む)6つの一般的な分類規則合同関税品目分類表の注釈

統一システム(HS)– WCO

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Harmonized System - WCOSection Terms Chapters

I live animals, animal products 1 - 5

II plants and vegetable products 6 - 14

III-IVoils and the like, prepared food stuffs, drinksand tobacco

15 - 24

V-VII

minerals, petroleum oils, products of thechemical or allied industries,plastics and rubber

25 - 40

VIII-X leather, wood, paper and products thereof 41 - 49

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部 貿易対象品目 類

I 動物(生きているものに限る)および動物性生産品 1 - 5

II 植物性生産品 6 - 14

III-IV 油脂など、調製食料品、飲料およびたばこ 15 - 24

V-VII鉱物性生産品、化学工業(類似の工業を含む)の生産品、プラスチックおよびゴムならびにこれらの製品

25 - 40

VIII-X 皮革、木材、紙およびこれらの製品 41 - 49

統一システム(HS)– WCO

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Harmonized System - WCOSection Terms Chapter

XI-XII textiles, textile products and footwear 50 - 67

XIII-XV stone, ceramics, glass, pearls, metals and metal ware 68 - 83

XVI-XVII

machines, electronics and means of transport 84 - 89

XVIII optical equipment and instruments 90 - 92

XIX-XXI

various articles such as firearms, furniture, toys and works of art

93 - 99

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部 貿易対象品目 類

XI-XII 紡織用繊維およびその製品、履物など 50 - 67

XIII-XV 石、陶磁製品、ガラス、真珠、金属およびこれらの製品など 68 - 83

XVI-XVII 機械類および電気機器、輸送機器 84 - 89

XVIII 光学機器 90 - 92

XIX-XXI

武器類、家具、玩具および美術品などの雑品 93 - 99

統一システム(HS)– WCO

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Combined Nomenclature - EUDefinition of Combined Nomenclature (CN)A systematic list of goods descriptions based on the Harmonized System, serving for the purposes of the Common Customs Tariff, external trade statistics, and other Community policies.

Combining two nomenclatures from 1987— Common Customs Tariff— Statistics

Combined Nomenclature includes:— The HS nomenclature— CN subheadings (including additional notes to Sections and

Chapters and footnotes) — Specific EU rules (customs value, dutiable weight, civil aircraft,

containers and packaging materials (Rule 5 a & b).

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合同関税品目分類表(CN)の定義HSシステムに基づいた体系的な物品詳細リスト(共通関税率、域外貿易統計、欧州共同体のその他の政策に対応)

1987年から2つの関税品目分類表を統合— 共通関税率— 統計

関税品目分類表には以下が含まれる:— HS関税品目分類表— CNの下位分類(セクションおよび章に追加された注釈、補足説明を含む)

— 特定のEUルール(関税評価額、課税従量、民間航空機、コンテナおよび梱包材(ルール5 a および b)

合同関税品目分類表 – EU

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TARIC - EUDefinition of TARIC (Integrated Tariff of the European Communities)Integrated tariff of the EU held in a Commission database containing EU import and export measures applicable to specific goods, such as tariff suspensions, tariff quotas, tariff preferences, anti-dumping duties, quantitative restrictions, embargoes, and export refunds.

Definition of Common Customs TariffThe sum of all EU provisions fixing import and export duties and duty exemptions with regard to specific goods, including agricultural, anti-dumping and preferential duties, tariff quotas, and tariff suspensions. TARIC presents these measures in a form suitable for electronic processing.

TARIC includes:Measures contained in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87TARIC subheadings Additional TARIC codesThe rates of customs duty and other import and export charges, including duty exemptions and preferential tariff rates applicable to specific goods on importation or exportation First additional code:— Anti-dumping and countervailing duties— Agricultural components— Pharmaceutical substances— CITES goods (= Convention on International Trade in Endangered

Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) Second additional code:— When two specific Community measures apply vis-à-vis one product

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TARIC(EU統合関税率)の定義関税停止、関税割当、特恵関税、アンチ・ダンピング税、量的規制、禁輸措置および輸出払戻しなど、特定の物品に適用されるEUの輸出入政策を含む欧州委員会のデータベースに保持された統合関税率

共通関税率の定義特定の物品に関する輸出入関税および免税を決定するすべてのEU条項をまとめたものであり、農業、アンチ・ダンピングおよび特恵関税、関税割当、関税停止などが含まれる。TARICはこれらの対応を電子プロセスに適した形で提示している。

TARICには以下が含まれる:理事会規則(EEC)No 2658/87に含まれる対応TARIC下位分類TARICの追加下位コード関税およびその他の輸出入手数料(特定の輸入または輸出物品に適用される免税および特恵関税率を含む)第一下位コード:— アンチ・ダンピング税および相殺関税— 農業用機材— 医薬品— CITES(絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の国際取引に関する条約;ワシントン条約)対象物品

第二下位コード:— 1つの製品に対して2つの特定の地域の規定が適用される場合

EU統合関税率

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Tariff classification - StructureHS Section XIV

HS Chapter 71

HS Heading 7113

HS Subheading 7113 19

Combined Nomenclature Subheading

7113 1900

TARIC Subheading 7113 1900 00

TARIC (first additional code) 7113 1900 00 XXXX

TARIC (second additional code)

7113 1900 00 XXXX XXXX

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HS部 XIV

HS類 71

HS項 7113

HS号 7113 19

合同関税品目分類表の下位分類

7113 1900

TARIC下位分類 7113 1900 00

TARIC(第一下位コード) 7113 1900 00 XXXX

TARIC(第二下位コード) 7113 1900 00 XXXX XXXX

関税分類 ー構成

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General classification rules

Rule 1 Description of Heading and Section and Chapter notes

Rule 2 Incomplete/unfinished or un/disassembled articles

Rule 3 More than one classification applies

Rule 4 Similar goods

Rule 5 Cases or packing materials

Rule 6 Description of Subheading and Subheading notes

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ルール1 項および部の説明ならびに類の注釈

ルール2 未完成/未完了または未組立/分解された物品

ルール3 2つ以上の分類が適用される場合

ルール4 類似の物品

ルール5 ケースまたは包装材料

ルール6 号の説明および号の注釈

一般分類ルール

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Decisions relating to binding information

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拘束的情報に関する決定(事前教示)

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Decisions relating to binding information (article 33 UCC)

Two innovations

BTI or BOI (binding origin information) decisions are valid for a period of three years from the date on which the decision takes effect

BTI or BOI decisions are binding on the: — customs authorities— holder of the decision

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2つの変更

BTI(拘束的関税分類情報)またはBOI(拘束的原産地情報)の決定は、その決定が有効となった日から3年間有効

BTIまたはBOIの決定は以下に対して拘束力を有する:— 税関当局— その情報の申請者

拘束的情報に関する決定(UCC33条)

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Origin of goods

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物品の原産地

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Origin: field of application

Non-preferential origin

World Trade Organization- Measures relating to trade- General origin rules

Origin rules less strict than preferential origin rules

Jurisdiction: Chambers of Commerce / Ministry of Economic Affairs- All countries involved- Certificate of origin

EU Preferential origin

Preferential tariff rate (⇔ Most Favoured Nation rate)

Specific origin rules laid down in origin agreement

Origin rules stricter than non-preferential origin rules- Jurisdiction: customs authorities- Not all countries are included- EUR 1 and FORM A

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非特恵原産地

世界貿易機関-貿易にかかる規定-原産地に関する一般規則

特恵原産地規則よりも厳格ではない原産地規則

管轄:商工会議所/経済省-すべての関係国-原産地の証明

EU特恵原産地

特恵関税率(⇔最恵国レート)

原産地契約に規定されている特定の原産地規則

非特恵原産地規則よりも厳格な原産地規則-管轄: 税関当局- すべての国々は含まれていない- EUR1 および FORM A

原産地:適用分野

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Non-preferentialorigin

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非特恵原産地

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Non-preferential originCCC UCC

CCC: articles 22-26 UCC: articles 59-63

IPCC: articles 35-65 Annexes: 9,10,11 and 12

(IPCC = Provision Implementing CCC - Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93)

UCC DA: articles 31-36Annex 22-01

UCC IA: articles 57-59Annex 22-14

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CCC UCC

CCC:22-26条 UCC:59-63条IPCC:35-65条附則:9,10,11および12

(IPCC = CCC施行規則- 規則(EEC)No 2454/93)

UCC委任規則:31-36条附則 22-01

UCC施行規則:57-59条附則 22-14

非特恵原産地

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Non-preferential originArticle 60 UCC

— Goods wholly obtained in a single country or territory (article60[1] UCC and article 31 UCC DA).

— "Goods the production of which involves more than one country or territory shall be deemed to originate in the country or territory where they underwent their last, substantial, economically-justified processing or working, in an undertaking equipped for that purpose, resulting in the manufacture of a new product or representing an important stage of manufacture" (article 60[2] UCC and articles 32 and 34 UCC DA).

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UCC60条

— 単一の国または地域において完全に生産された物品 (UCC60条[1]およびUCC委任規則31条)

— 「複数の国または地域で生産された物品は、その目的たる事業において、その物品の用途を新たに付加するまたは製造の重要な段階を表すという意味において、最後に実質的にまたは経済的正当性のある作業もしくは加工がなされた国または地域が原産地とみなされる。」(UCC60条[2]ならびにUCC委任規則32条および34条)

非特恵原産地

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Non-preferential originOrigin of goods to the production of which two or more countries or territories contribute

Goods in Annex 22-01 Goods not in Annex 22-01

Country or territory in which the rules contained in that Annex are met

EU position in the WTO'sHarmonization Work Program:

— Residual rule: country or territory of origin of most of the materials

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複数の国または地域が生産に関わっている物品の原産地

附則22-01に規定された物品 附則22-01に規定のない物品

附則に規定されたルールに該当する国または地域

WTO統合作業計画におけるEUの立場

— 残存ルール:主な原材料の原産地である国または地域

非特恵原産地

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Preferential origin

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特恵原産地

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Preferential originPREFERENTIAL ORIGIN Reduction in customs duties in the country of destination

Specific Free Trade Agreement

Specific rules for each tariff code

The exporter is responsible for the certificates of origin issued

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特恵原産地仕向地での関税削減

特別な自由貿易協定

各関税コードの特別なルール

原産地証明書は輸出者が発行する

特恵原産地

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Preferential origin of goods

Is the product “wholly obtained”?

NO

Has the product undergone insufficient working or processing?

YES

No origin

NO

Are the origin rules for non-originating materials met?Cumulation / tolerance threshold

YES

Origin

NO

No origin

YES

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その製品は「完全に生産された」ものか?

いいえ

その製品の作業または工程は不足しているか?

はい

原産地ではない

いいえ

非原産地材料の原産地規則を充足しているか?

累積/一般許容ルールの基準値

はい

原産地

いいえ

原産地ではない

はい

物品の特恵原産地

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Preferential origin agreements with the EU

ACP Liechtenstein

Albania The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Algeria MexicoAndorra MoldovaBosnia - Herzegovina MontenegroChile MoroccoCentral America Norway

Ceuta and Melilla Overseas Countries and Territories

EgyptPalestinian Authority of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

Faroe Islands/Denmark Peru and ColombiaGeorgia SerbiaGSP countries South AfricaIceland SwitzerlandIsrael SyriaJordan TunisiaRepublic of Korea TurkeyKosovo UkraineLebanon

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アフリカ・カリブ海・太平洋諸国 リヒテンシュタイン

アルバニア マケドニア旧ユーゴスラビア共和国

アルジェリア メキシコアンドラ モルドバボスニア - ヘルツェゴビナ モンテネグロチリ モロッコ中央アメリカ ノルウェー

セウタおよびメリリャ EU加盟各国の海外領域や自治領

エジプト ヨルダン川西岸とガザ地区のパレスチナ自治政府

フェロー諸島/デンマーク ペルーおよびコロンビアジョージア セルビア一般特恵関税対象国 南アフリカアイスランド スイスイスラエル シリアヨルダン チュニジア韓国 トルココソボ ウクライナレバノン

EUとの特恵原産地契約

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Preferential origin of goodsRegulation (EC) No 1207/2001: transposed into UCC IA (articles 61-67; 22-15 to 22-18 of the Annex)

Generalised System of Preferences (GSP)New rules

Establishment of an electronic system for recording exporters authorised to certify the preferential origin of goods (REX database)

Proof of origin = registered exporter's declaration

System in force since 1 July 2017

System to provide up-to-date information on registered exporters established in GSP beneficiary countries exporting to the EUREX system includes information on the Union's economic operators in order to support export operations

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規則(EC)No 1207/2001:UCC施行規則(61-67条:附則22-15~22-18)に置き換えられる

一般特恵関税制度(GSP)の新規則

物品の特恵原産地を証明する権限を持つ輸出者を登録するための電子システムの構築(輸出者登録(REX)データベース)

原産地証明=登録輸出者の申告

2017年7月1日から稼働しているシステム

EUに輸出を行っている一般特恵関税の受益国に拠点を置く登録輸出者について最新の情報を提供するシステム輸出オペレーションをサポートするため、輸出者登録(REX)システムにはEUの事業者に関する情報が含まれている

物品の特恵原産地

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Approved exporter

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認定輸出者

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Approved exporter— An approved exporter is an economic operator who, under

certain conditions, is allowed by the customs authorities to indicate the preferential origin of goods directly on its invoice declaration, without having to request an EUR.1 certificate

— For exports with a value of less than approximately EUR6,000, an invoice declaration may be made by any economic operator. For exports with a value higher than approximately EUR6,000(*), invoice declarations can be made exclusively by approved exporters

— Approved exporter status is granted only to economic operators who regularly export goods to preference-giving countries

— The possibility of applying for approved exporter status to be used for exports to a country with which the EU has a Free Trade Agreement is established in the relevant agreement. Article 67 of Regulation UCC IA also applies

(*) The specific limit is indicated in each Free Trade Agreement between the EU and the third country

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— 認定輸出者とは、一定の要件のもと、EUR.1証明書を申請することなく物品の特恵原産地をインボイス申告に直接記載する許可を税関当局から受けている事業者のことである。

— 約6,000ユーロ未満の輸出は、いかなる事業者もインボイス申告を利用することが可能である一方で、約6,000ユーロ(*)以上の輸出については、認定輸出者のみインボイス申告を利用することが可能である。

— 認定輸出者の地位は、特恵受益国へ定期的に物品を輸出している事業者のみに付与される。

— 認定輸出者の地位を、EUと自由貿易協定を締結している国への輸出に用いることができるかどうかはその関連する協定において規定される。同時にUCC施行規則67条も適用される。

(*)特定の制限金額については、EUと第三国の間の各自由貿易協定に記載されている。

認定輸出者

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Approved exporter

An approved exporter does

not need to request an

EUR.1 / EUR-MED

movement certificate

An approved exporter can declare the preferential origin of the

goods directly on its invoice, regardless of the amount

Delays and administrative

costs are minimised

Greater speed and efficiency

in shipping

Benefits

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認定輸出者は、EUR.1/EUR-

MED移動証明書の申請不要

認定輸出者は、その金額にかかわらず、物品の特恵原産地をインボイスに直接記載可能

遅延や管理コストを最小限に抑える

輸送のスピードと効率の向上

ベネフィット

認定輸出者

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Customs value

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関税評価額

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Customs valueTransaction to be used for valuation purposes (article 70 UCC/article

128 UCC-IA)

The (non-) dutiability of royalty charges (article

71[1][c] UCC/article 136 UCC IA)

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関税評価に用いられる取引(UCC70条/UCC施行

規則128条)

ロイヤルティの課税/非課税判定(UCC71条[1][c]/UCC施行規則136条)

関税評価額

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Transactionvalue

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取引価格

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Transaction value

3. The transaction value shall apply provided that all of thefollowing conditions are fulfilled:a) there are no restrictions as to the disposal or use of the

goods by the buyer, other than any of the following:i. restrictions imposed or required by a law or by the

public authorities in the Union;ii. limitations of the geographical area in which the

goods may be resold;iii. restrictions which do not substantially affect the

customs value of the goods;b) the sale or price is not subject to some condition or

consideration for which a value cannot be determinedwith respect to the goods being valued;

c) no part of the proceeds of any subsequent resale,disposal or use of the goods by the buyer will accruedirectly or indirectly to the seller, unless an appropriateadjustment can be made;

d) the buyer and seller are not related or the relationshipdid not influence the price.

2. The price actually paid or payable shall be the total paymentmade or to be made by the buyer to the seller or by the buyerto a third party for the benefit of the seller for the importedgoods and include all payments made or to be made as acondition of sale of the imported goods.

1. The primary basis for the customs value of goods shall be thetransaction value, that is the price actually paid or payable forthe goods when sold for export to the customs territory of theUnion, adjusted, where necessary.

Article 70 UCC

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3. 取引価格は、以下のすべての要件が満たされた場合に適用される:a) 買手による物品の処分または使用に関する規制がない場合、

ただし、以下の条件を除くi. 法律またはEUの公的機関によって課せられるまたは要請

される規制ii. その物品を再販売できる地域に関する制限iii. その物品の関税評価額に重大な影響を与えない規制

b) 販売または価格が、評価対象の物品の価格を決定できない条件または約因を前提としない場合

c) 買手による物品の再販売、処分または使用にかかる利益の一部が直接または間接に売手に生じない場合(ただし、適切な調整が可能な場合を除く)

d) 買手と売手に関係性がない、または両者の関係が価格に影響を与えなかった場合

2. 現実支払価格とは、輸入品に対して買手が売手に対して、または買手が売手の便益のために第三者へ支払ったまたは支払うべき総額であり、それにはその輸入品の販売条件として買手が支払ったまたは支払うべき総額が含まれる。

1. 物品の関税評価額の主たる基礎となるのは取引価格であり、これは、EUの関税領域への輸出を目的として販売される物品に対して現実に支払ったまたは支払うべき総額(現実支払価格)である(現実支払価格は、必要に応じて調整される)。

UCC70条

取引価格

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Transaction value

1. The transaction value of the goods sold for export to thecustoms territory of the Union shall be determined at the timeof acceptance of the customs declaration on the basis of thesale occurring immediately before the goods were broughtinto that customs territory.

2. Where the goods are sold for export to the customsterritory of the Union not before they were broughtinto that customs territory but while in temporarystorage or while placed under a special procedureother than internal transit, end-use or outwardprocessing, the transaction value will be determinedon the basis of that sale.

Article 128 UCC-IA

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1. EUの関税領域への輸出を目的として販売される物品の取引価格は、税関申告が受理された時点で、物品がその関税領域に持ち込まれる直前の販売に基づいて算定される。

2.物品がEUの関税領域への輸出を目的として販売される場合で一時的な保管または特別な手続き(域内移動、エンドユース(用途指定を伴う関税一時停止措置)または再輸入加工に関する手続きを除く)が行われる場合は、取引価格は、物品がその関税領域に持ち込まれる直前ではなく、その手続きにかかる販売に基づいて算定される。

UCC施行規則128条

取引価格

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Customs valueArticle 71 UCC - Elements of the transaction value"1. In determining the customs value under Article 70, the price actually paid or

payable for the imported goods shall be supplemented by:(a) the following, to the extent that they are incurred by the buyer but are not

included in the price actually paid or payable for the goods:(i) commissions and brokerage, except buying commissions;(ii) the cost of containers which are treated as being one, for customs

purposes, with the goods in question; and(iii) the cost of packing, whether for labour or materials;

(b) the value, apportioned as appropriate, of the following goods and serviceswhere supplied directly or indirectly by the buyer free of charge or at reducedcost for use in connection with the production and sale for export of theimported goods, to the extent that such value has not been included in theprice actually paid or payable:

(i) materials, components, parts and similar items incorporated into the importedgoods;(ii) tools, dies, moulds and similar items used in the production of the

imported goods;(iii) materials consumed in the production of the imported goods; and(iv) engineering, development, artwork, design work, and plans and

sketches undertaken elsewhere than in the Union and necessary forthe production of the imported goods;

(c) royalties and licence fees related to the goods being valued that thebuyer must pay, either directly or indirectly, as a condition of sale of thegoods being valued, to the extent that such royalties and fees are notincluded in the price actually paid or payable;

(d) the value of any part of the proceeds of any subsequent resale, disposal oruse of the imported goods that accrues directly or indirectly to the seller; and

(e) the following costs up to the place where goods are brought into the customsterritory of the Union:(i) the cost of transport and insurance of the imported goods; and(ii) loading and handling charges associated with the transport of the

imported goods.2. Additions to the price actually paid or payable, pursuant to paragraph 1, shall be

made only on the basis of objective and quantifiable data.3. No additions shall be made to the price actually paid or payable in determining

the customs value except as provided in this Article."

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UCC71条 – 取引価格の要素「1.70条に基づく関税評価額の算定において、その輸入品に対する現実支払価格には、以下の要素を加算しなければならない。(a)以下に掲げる項目(買手の負担になるが、その物品の現実支払価格には含まれないもの)(i)手数料および仲介手数料(買付手数料を除く)(ii)関税上、該当する物品と1つのものとして取り扱われる複数のコンテナ費用、および

(iii)梱包費用(労務費または原材料費を問わない)(b)輸入物品の輸出を目的とした生産および販売に関連して、買手による無償でまたは値引きして直接または間接に提供される以下の物品または役務の価格として適切に配賦された価格(ただし、現実支払価格に含まれないものに限る)(i)輸入品に組み込まれている原材料、コンポーネンツ、部品および同様の品目(ii)輸入品の生産のために使用される工具、鋳型、金型および同様の品目(iii)輸入品の生産のために消費される材料、および(iv) EU以外の場所で行われる、輸入品の生産に必要とされるエンジニアリング、

開発、意匠、デザインならびに計画およびスケッチ(c)買手が、評価対象物品の販売条件としてその物品に対して直接または間接に支払わなければならないロイヤルティおよびライセンス料(ただし、現実支払価格に含まれないものに限る)

(d)売手に直接または間接に生じる輸入品の再販売、処分または使用にかかる利益の一部に対する価格、および

(e)物品がEUの関税領域に持ち込まれるまでの以下の費用:(i)輸入品の輸送費用と保険料、および(ii)輸入品の輸送に関連する船積費用と出荷費用

2.現実支払価格への加算は、本条1項に基づき、客観的かつ定量的なデータに基づいてのみ行うものとする。

3.関税評価額の算定において、本条に定める項目を除き、現実支払価格への加算は行わないものとする。」

関税評価額

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Customs valueCosts not to be included in the customs value

— Charges for the transport of goods after their arrival— Charges for construction and assembly after importation— Charges for interest under a financing arrangement— Charges for the right to reproduce — Buying commission— Import duties and other charges in the EU — Notwithstanding article 71(1) (c), payments made by the buyer

for the right to distribute or resell the imported goods, if such payments are not a condition of the sale for export to the Union of the goods

General condition: these costs must be shown separately from the price (on the invoice, etc.)

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関税評価額に含まれない費用

— 物品通関後の輸送費用— 輸入手続き後の建設および組立費用— 資金調達にかかる利息費用— 複製権に対する費用— 買付手数料— EUに対する輸入関税およびその他の費用— 71条(1)(c)の規定にかかわらず、輸入品を流通または再販売する権利に対して買手が支払う金額(その支払金額が、EUへの輸出を目的としてその物品を販売する条件になっていない場合)

一般条件:これらの費用は、価格(インボイス価格など)と区分して記載されなければならない

関税評価額

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Customs valueCharges for the transport of goods after their arrival

EXW FCAFASFOB

CFRCIFCPT

CIPDAPDAT

DDP

To be included

EU

Not to be included

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関税評価額物品通関後の輸送費用

EXW FCAFASFOB

CFRCIFCPT

CIPDAPDAT

DDP

含まれるもの

EU

含まれないもの

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Customs valueCharges for the transport of goods after their arrival

INCOTERMS

EXW Ex Works

FAS Free Alongside Ship

FCA Free Carrier

FOB Free on Board

FAS Free Alongside Ship

CFR Cost and Freight

CIF Cost, Freight and Insurance

CPT Carriage Paid To

CIP Carriage and Insurance Paid To

DAT Delivered at Terminal

DAP Delivered at Place

DDP Delivered Duty Paid

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物品通関後の輸送費用

インコタームズEXW 工場引渡しFAS 船側引渡しFCA 運送人引渡しFOB 本船引渡しFAS 船側引渡しCFR 運賃込みCIF 運賃保険料込みCPT 運送費込みCIP 運送費保険料込みDAT ターミナル持込み引渡しDAP 仕向地持込み引渡しDDP 関税込み持込み引渡し

関税評価額

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Customs valueArticle 130 UCC IA - Discounts

"1. For the purposes of determining the customs value under Article 70(1) of the Code, discounts shall be taken into account if, at the time of acceptance of the customs declaration, the sales contract provides for their application and their amount.

2. Discounts for early payment shall be taken into account with regard to goods for which the price has not actually been paid at the time of acceptance of the customs declaration.

3. Discounts arising from amendments to the contract subsequent to the time of acceptance of the customs declaration shall not be taken into account."

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UCC施行規則130条 –値引

「1.UCC70条(1)に基づく関税評価額の算定において、税関申告が受理された時点で、販売契約書に値引を適用する旨およびその金額が記載されている場合には、値引が考慮される。

2.税関申告が受理された時点で、未だその価格が実際に支払われていない物品に関しては、早期支払値引が考慮される。

3.税関申告が受理された後に契約書を修正したことにより生じる値引については考慮されない。」

関税評価額

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Customs valueArticle 132 UCC IA - Price adjustments for defective goods

"An adjustment made by the seller, to the benefit of the buyer, of the price actually paid or payable for the goods may be taken into consideration for the determination of the customs value in accordance with Article 70(1) of the Code, if the following conditions are fulfilled:(a) the goods were defective at the time of acceptance of

the customs declaration for release for free circulation;(b) the seller made the adjustment to compensate for the

defect in order to fulfil either of the following:(i) a contractual obligation entered into before the

acceptance of the customs declaration;(ii) a statutory obligation applicable to the goods;(c) the adjustment is made within a period of 1 year

following the date of acceptance of the customsdeclaration."

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UCC施行規則132条 –不良品の価格調整

「買手の利益のために、売手が物品の現実支払価格に対して行う調整は、以下の要件が満たされる場合、UCC70条(1)に基づく関税評価額の算定において考慮されることがある。(a)自由に流通を行うための税関申告が受理された時点で、物品に欠陥があった場合

(b)売手が、以下のいずれかの義務を履行するために、欠陥品を補償する価格調整を行った場合(i) 税関申告が受理される前に締結した契約上の義務(ii) その物品に適用される法律上の義務

(c)税関申告が受理された日から1年以内に価格調整が行われた場合」

関税評価額

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Customs valueArticle 134 UCC IA - Transactions between related persons"1. Where the buyer and the seller are related, and in order to

determine whether such relationship did not influence the price, the circumstances surrounding the sale shall be examined as may be necessary, and the declarant shall be given an opportunity to supply further detailed information as may be necessary about those circumstances.

2. However, the goods shall be valued in accordance with Article 70(1) of the Code where the declarant demonstrates that the declared transaction value closely approximates to one of the following test values, determined at or about the same time:(a) the transaction value in sales, between buyers and sellers

who are not related in any particular case, of identical or similar goods for export to the customs territory of the Union;

(b) the customs value of identical or similar goods, determined in accordance with Article 74(2)(c) of the Code;

(c) the customs value of identical or similar goods, determined in accordance with Article 74(2)(d) of the Code.

3. When establishing the value of identical or similar goods referred to in paragraph 2, account shall be taken of the following elements:(a) demonstrated differences in commercial levels;(b) quantity levels;(c) the elements listed in Article 71(1) of the Code;(d) costs incurred by the seller in sales in which he and the

buyer are not related, where such costs are not incurred by the seller in sales between related persons.

4. The test values listed in paragraph 2 are to be used at the request of the declarant. They shall not substitute for the declared transaction value".

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UCC施行規則134条 –関連者間取引

「1.買手と売手が関連者である場合には、その関係が価格に影響を与えていないかどうかを判断するために、その販売を取り巻く状況が必要に応じて調査されるものとし、申告者にはそれらの状況についてより詳細な情報を提供する機会が与えられるものとする。

2. ただし、申告された取引価格が以下のいずれかのテスト価格に近似していることを申告者が明示できた場合には、その物品はUCC70条(1)に基づいて評価されるものとする。(a)関連者ではない買手と売手の間で同一または類似の物品がEUの関税領域へ輸出することを目的として販売される場合の取引価格

(b)UCC74条(2)(c)に従って算定された同一または類似品に対する関税評価額

(c) UCC74条(2)(d)に従って算定された同一または類似品に対する関税評価額

3.本条2項に定める同一または類似の物品に対する価格を決定する場合、その価格には以下の要素が考慮されるものとする。(a)商業レベルで明示された誤差(b)数量レベル(c) UCC71条(1)に掲げる要素(d)売手と買手が関連者ではない販売で、売手が負担する費用(関連者間の販売において売手がその費用を負担しない場合)

4.本条2項に掲げるテスト価格は、申告者の要請により使用されるものとし、それらは申告された取引価格には代替されないものとする。」

関税評価額

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Customs valueArticle 136 UCC IA - Royalties and licence fees

"1. Royalties and licence fees are related to the imported goods where in particular, the rights transferred under the licence or royalties agreement are embodied in the goods. The method of calculation of the amount of the royalty or licence fee is not the decisive factor.

2. Where the method of calculation of the amount of royalties orlicence fees derives from the price of the imported goods, itshall in the absence of evidence to the contrary be assumedthat the payment of those royalties or licence fees is related tothe goods to be valued.

3. If royalties or licence fees relate partly to the goods beingvalued and partly to other ingredients or component partsadded to the goods after their importation, or to post-importation activities or services, an appropriate adjustmentshall be made.

4. Royalties and licence fees are considered to be paid as acondition of sale for the imported goods when any of thefollowing conditions is met:(a) the seller or a person related to the seller requires the buyer

to make this payment;(b) the payment by the buyer is made to satisfy an obligation of

the seller, in accordance with contractual obligations;(c) the goods cannot be sold to, or purchased by, the buyer

without payment of the royalties or license fees to a licensor.5. The country in which the recipient of the royalties or licence feespayment is established is not a material consideration."

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UCC施行規則136条 – ロイヤルティおよびライセンス料

「1.ロイヤルティおよびライセンス料は、輸入品に関連するものであり、特にライセンスまたはロイヤルティ契約に基づいて移転された権利がその物品に化体しているものである。ロイヤルティまたはライセンス料の金額の算定方法は、決定的な要素ではない。

2. ロイヤルティまたはライセンス料の金額の算定方法が、輸入品の価格に基づいている場合、反証できる証拠がない限り、それらのロイヤルティまたはライセンス料の支払は、評価対象の物品に関連しているものとみなされる。

3. ロイヤルティまたはライセンス料が、評価対象の物品およびその他の構成部品に部分的に関連している場合、または輸入後にその物品に材料等が追加された場合、輸入後の活動またはサービスと関連している場合、適切な調整が行われるものとする。

4. ロイヤルティおよびライセンス料は、以下のいずれかの条件が満たされた場合、輸入品の販売条件として支払われるものとみなされる。(a)売手または売手の関連者が、買手にその支払を要請する場合(b)買手が契約上の義務に従って、売手の義務を満たすためにその支払を履行する場合

(c)ロイヤルティまたはライセンス料をライセンサーに支払うことが物品を買手に販売または買手が購入するための要件となっている場合

5. ロイヤルティまたはライセンス料の支払者が拠点を置く国は、重要な考慮事項とはならない。」

関税評価額

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Customs regimes

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通関手続き

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Customs regimes

IMPORT SPECIAL PROCEDURES

TRANSIT

EXTERNAL

INTERNAL

STORAGE

CUSTOMS WAREHOUSING

FREE ZONES

SPECIFIC USE

TEMPORARY ADMISSION

END-USE

PROCESSING

INWARD PROCESSING

OUTWARD PROCESSING

EXPORT

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輸入 特別な手続き

輸送

域外

域内

保管

保税倉庫

フリーゾーン

特定用途

一時受入れ

エンドユース

加工

再輸出加工

再輸入加工

輸出

通関手続き

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Transit

Importation

Customs procedures with economic impact

Placing of goods under customs procedure

Introduction of goods into the EU

Payment of import duties?

Yes No/Suspension

Customs warehousing

Temporaryimportation

Inward processing

Outward processing

Planning

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輸送

輸入

通関手続きに経済的影響が伴う

物品の通関手続き

物品がEU域内に入る

輸入関税の支払は?

はい いいえ/支払猶予

保税倉庫 一時輸入 再輸出加工 再輸入加工

計画

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Planning

Customs warehousing

Inward processing

Temporary importation

Determine proper customs procedure

What are you aiming to do with imported goods?

Processing? Usual forms of handling? Unaltered state?

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保税倉庫再輸出加工 一時輸入

適切な通関手続きを決定する

物品を輸入する目的は?

加工? 通常の取扱い? 現状のまま?

計画

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Focus on the customs warehouseWarehouse types

— Public warehouse I, II and III

— Private warehouse: type D abolished

Authorisation: AEOC(*) requirements

Equivalence possible

Distance selling possible

(*) Authorised economic operator for customs simplifications

Customs warehousing

Storage

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倉庫の種類

— 公的倉庫 I、II および III

— 民営倉庫:種類Dは廃止

認可:AEOC(*) の要件

等価可能

遠距離取引可能

(*) 通関手続きの簡素化からベネフィットを受ける認定事業者

保税倉庫について

保税倉庫

保管

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Focus on inward processingAuthorisation— Validity: three to five years— Authorisation:

– AEOC requirements– Equivalence possible

— Usual forms of handling admitted

Inward processing— Offsetting of interest no longer possible— Destruction falls within definition of processing— Period of discharge of up to six months

Outward processing— Duty calculation based on added value method only

Inward processing

Outward processing

Processing

Processing under customs control

Processing

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認可— 有効期間:3~5年— 認可:

– AEOC要件– 等価可能

— 通常の出荷取扱いが認められている

再輸出加工— 利息相殺の禁止— 破棄は加工の定義範囲内に含まれる— 最大6ヵ月の加工期間、その間に物品を解放する

再輸入加工— 付加価値法に基づいた関税計算のみ

再輸出加工について

再輸出加工

再輸入加工

加工

税関管理下での加工

加工

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Focus on the definition of exporterCCC → Article 788 IPCCArticle 788"The exporter within the meaning of Article 161(5) of the Code, shall be considered to be the person on whose behalf the export declaration is made and who is the owner of the goods or has a similar right of disposal over them at the time when the declaration is accepted.Where ownership or a similar right of disposal over the goods belongs to a person established outside the Community pursuant to the contract on which the export is based, the exporter shall be considered to be the contracting party established in the community."

UCC → Article 1 UCC DAExporter means— the person established in the customs territory of the Union who, at the

time when the declaration is accepted, holds the contract with the consignee in the third country and has the power for determining that the goods are to be brought to a destination outside the customs territory of the Union,

— the private individual carrying the goods to be exported where these goods are contained in the private individual’s personal baggage,

— in other cases, the person established in the customs territory of the Union who has the power for determining that the goods are to be brought to a destination outside the customs territory of the Union.

Article 5 (31) UCC: "person established in the customs territory of the Union means:

(a) in the case of a natural person, any person who has his or herhabitual residence in the customs territory of the Union;

(b) in the case of a legal person or an association ofpersons, any person having its registered office, centralheadquarters or a permanent business establishment in thecustoms territory of the Union; ..."

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CCC → CCC施行規則788条788条「CCC161条(5)に定める輸出者とは、その輸出申告を行う者であり、申告が受理された時点で、その物品を所有する者もしくはその物品に対する処分権と同等の権利を有する者をいう。物品を所有または処分する権利が、輸出契約に従って、EU域外に拠点を置く者に帰属している場合、EU域内に拠点を置く契約当事者を輸出者とみなすものとする。」

UCC → UCC委任規則1条輸出者とは、以下の者をいう。— EUの関税領域内に拠点を置く者であり、輸出申告が受理された時点で、第三国に所在する荷受人と契約があり、かつ、その物品をEU域外の目的地へ輸送する決定権を有する者

— 物品が個人の手荷物に含まれている場合、それらの物品を携行している個人— その他、EUの関税領域内に拠点を置く者であり、その物品をEU域外の目的地へ輸

送する決定権を有する者

UCC 5条 (31) : 「EUの関税領域内に拠点を置く者とは、以下の者をいう。(a) 自然人の場合、EUの関税領域内に居所を有するすべての者(b) 法人または社団の場合、EUの関税領域内に登記上の事務所、本店または

恒久的施設を有するすべての者

輸出者の定義について

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Simplified customs procedures

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簡素化された通関手続き

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Overview

Entry in the Declarant’s

Records (EiDR) Self-

assessment(SA)

Simplified declaration

Centralised Clearance

(CC)

20201/5/2019201820171/5/2016

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記録による申告(EiDR)

自己査定(SA)

簡易申告

中央一括通関(CC)

概要

20201/5/2019201820171/5/2016

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Simplified declarationArticle 166 UCC

— Simplified declaration enables the declarant to present a customs declaration with fewer details or without accompanying documents

— Authorisation from the Customs Authority is required in order to use the simplified declaration process

— An authorisation to regularly place goods under a customs procedure on the basis of a simplified declaration will be granted if the applicant complies with the eligibility criteria for an authorised economic operator, laid down in article 39(a) of the UCC (article 145 UCC DA)

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UCC166条

— 簡易申告により、申告者は、わずかな項目の記載もしくは添付書類を提出することなく税関申告を行うことができる。

— 簡易申告の手続きを実施するためには、税関当局からの認可が必要である。

— 申請者がUCC39条(a)(UCC委任規則145条)に定める認定事業者としての適格基準を満たす場合、簡易申告に基づく通関手続きのもとで定期的に物品を流通させることが認められる。

簡易申告

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Simplified declaration

Supplementary declaration

"In the case of a simplified declaration pursuant to Article 166 or of an entry in the declarant's records pursuant to Article 182, the declarant shall lodge a supplementary declaration containing the particulars necessary for the customs procedure concerned at the competent customs office within a specific time-limit. In the case of a simplified declaration pursuant to Article 166, the necessary supporting documents shall be in the declarant's possession and at the disposal of the customs authorities within a specific time-limit. The supplementary declaration may be of a general, periodic or recapitulative nature."

Article 167 UCC

The obligation to lodge a supplementary declaration will be waived in the following cases:

(a) where the goods areplaced under a customswarehousing procedure;

(b) in other specific cases.

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補足申告

「166条に基づく簡易申告または182条に基づく申告者の記録による申告では、申告者は通関手続きに必要な明細を含む補足申告書を一定の期限内に管轄税関に提出するものとする。166条に基づく簡易申告では、申告者は一定の期限内に必要な補助書類を保管し、税関当局がいつでも利用できるようにしなければならない。補足申告は、概略的、定期的または要約的なものでも認められる。」

UCC167条

次の場合、補足申告書を提出する義務は免除される:

(a)物品が保税倉庫での手続き下にある場合

(b)その他の特定な場合

簡易申告

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EiDR - Entry in the declarant's records (article 182 UCC)— The customs authorities may, upon application, authorise a person to

lodge a customs declaration, including a simplified declaration, in the form of an entry in the declarant's records.

— The customs authorities may, upon application, waive the obligation for the goods to be presented. That waiver may be granted where all of the following conditions are fulfilled:

– the declarant is an authorised economic operator for customssimplifications;

– the nature and flow of the goods concerned so warrant and are known bythe customs authority;

– the supervising customs office has access to all the information itconsiders necessary to enable it to exercise its right to examine thegoods should the need arise;

– at the time of the entry into the records, the goods are no longer subjectto prohibitions or restrictions, except where otherwise provided in theauthorisation.

Conditions for granting authorisations for entry in the declarant's record (article 150 UCC DA):

— release for free circulation— customs warehousing— temporary admission— end-use— inward processing— outward processing— export and re-export.

Customs office Company

EiDR-presentation waiver

Entry into the declarant’s records

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— 税関当局は、申請により、簡易申告を含む税関申告を申告者の記録による申告の形式で行うことを認可する場合がある。

— 税関当局は、申請により、以下のすべての要件を満たす場合に、物品を提示する義務を免除する場合がある。

– 申告者が通関手続きの簡素化の認定事業者である場合– その物品の性質と流通が保証され、かつ税関当局にそのことが知らされている場合– 必要に応じて、監督する税関が物品を検査する権利を行使するために必要と認められるすべての情報を入手できる場合

– 申告者の記録による申告で、その物品が禁止または制限品目ではない場合(認可証に別途記載がある場合を除く)

申告者の記録による申告の認可付与条件(UCC委任規則150条)

— 自由な流通への解放— 保税倉庫— 一時受入れ— エンドユース— 再輸出加工— 再輸入加工— 輸出または再輸出

EiDR – 記録による申告(UCC182条)

税関 企業

EiDR-提示免除

申告者の記録による申告

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Self-assessment (article 185 UCC)

*The applicant for the authorisation referred to in article 185(1) must be an authorised economic operator forcustoms simplifications (article 185[2]).

Article 237 UCC IA "1. Where an economic operator is authorised to determine the amount of import and export duty

payable in accordance with Article 185(1) of the Code, that operator shall, at the end of the period fixed by the customs authorities in the authorisation, determine the amount of import and export duty payable for that period in accordance with the rules laid down in the authorisation.

2. Within 10 days of the end of the period fixed by the customs authorities in the authorisation,the holder of that authorisation shall submit to the supervising customs office details of theamount determined in accordance with paragraph 1. The customs debt shall be deemed to benotified at the time of that submission.

3. The holder of the authorisation shall pay the amount referred to in paragraph 2 within theperiod prescribed in the authorisation and at the latest within the deadline laid down in Article108(1) of the Code."

Article 185(1)"Customs authorities may, upon application, authorise aneconomic operator (AEOC)* to carry out certain customsformalities which are to be carried out by the customsauthorities, to determine the amount of import andexport duty payable, and to perform certain controlsunder customs supervision."

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*185条(1) に定める認可を受けようとする申請者は、通関手続きの簡素化(185条[2])の認定事業者でなければならない。

185条(1)「税関当局は、申請により、輸入および輸出の関税支払額の算定や税関の監督下で一定の管理を行うなど、税関当局が実施する一定の通関手続きを認定事業者(AEOC)が自ら行うことを認可する。」

自己査定(UCC185条)

UCC施行規則237条1. 事業者が、UCC185条(1)に基づき、輸入および輸出の関税支払額を算定することを認められている場

合、その事業者は税関当局が認可証において定めた期間の終わりに、その認可証に定められた規則に従って、その期間の輸入および輸出の関税支払額を算定するものとする。

2. 税関当局が認可証において定めた期間終了後10日以内に、その認可証の保有者は本条1項に基づき算定した金額の詳細を監督税関に提出するものとする。その提出時に関税債務が通知されたものとみなされる。

3. 認可証の保有者は、本条2項に定める金額を、認可証に定められた期間内、遅くともUCC108条(1)に定める期限内に支払うものとする。

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Centralised clearance (article 179 UCC)

Article 179(1)"The customs authorities may, upon application,

authorisea person to lodge at a

customs office responsible for the place

where such person is established, a customs

declaration for goods which are

presented to customs at another customs

office."

Article 179(2)"The applicant for the

authorisation referred to in paragraph 1 shall be an

authorised economic operator for customs

simplifications."

— This replaces the single authorization for simplified procedures.— Application planned for 2020.

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179条(1)

税関当局は、申請により、事業者が、別の税関で提示された物品にかかる税関申告書を事業者の設立地を管轄する税関に提出することを認可する。

179条(2)

本条1項に定める認可を受けようとする申請者は、通関手続きの簡素化の認定事業者でなければならない。

— これは簡素化手続きの単一認可に替わるものである。— 2020年に適用開始予定

中央一括通関(UCC179条)

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AEO – Authorised economic operator

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AEO –認定事業者

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IntroductionIncrease in global terrorism World Customs Organisation (WCO) focus on securing and facilitating global tradeSAFE supply chain framework published by the WCOGlobal trading blocs are introducing their own initiatives to secure supply chains and introduce rigorous border controlsUS was the first, with the introduction of the Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT)EU has introduced the Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) regime

January 2010EU New CustomsCode Possiblerestriction of Custom simplificationprocedures to AEOaccredited companiesplus introduction of more benefits

World Events●Increase insecurityIegislation●2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

September 2001World Trade Centre is attacked

November 2001US Customs TradePartnership AgainstTerrorism

January 2002US ContainerSecurity Initiative

March 2004Madrid bombing

July 2005London bombing

December 2006Masdrid bombing

Present Day

AEO Risk Profile Database goes live List of AEO accredited companies published

Increasing Security of Global Supply Chains Increasing Mutual Recognition of Security Initiatives between Global Trading Blocs

October 2006EU AEOlegislationVoted in

April 2004US and EU Transport Passenger Security Cooperation

November 2004China and EU Customs Agreement

May 2005EU Safety and Security Code

June 2005World Customs OrganisationSAFE framework

January 2006KPMG in the UK Advise on UK AEO PiIot

September 2006China and EU Cooperation Agreement against illegal and unsafe goods

July 2009EU ElectronicPre arrival,Pre departurecustoms electronicdocuments

July 2007HMRC accept firstAEO accreditationrequests

January 2008EU AEO regulationcomes intoforce HMRCissues first AEOaccreditations

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世界的なテロの増加世界税関機構(WCO)は国際貿易の安全確保と円滑化に取り組んでいる。WCOは、国際貿易の安全確保と円滑化を両立させるために実施すべき方策を取りまとめたサプライチェーン、「基準の枠組み(SAFE)」を採択した。世界の貿易圏では、サプライチェーンを確保して厳格な国境管理を導入するために、各国が独自の構想を取り入れている。米国が最初に「テロ行為防止のための税関産業界提携プログラム(C-TPAT)」を導入した。EUでは、認定事業者(AEO)制度が導入されている。

序論

January 2010EU New CustomsCode Possiblerestriction of Custom simplificationprocedures to AEOaccredited companiesplus introduction of more benefits

世界の出来事●

セキュリティー制度の強化●

2001年9月ワールド・トレード・センターテロ事件

November 2001US Customs TradePartnership AgainstTerrorism

January 2002US ContainerSecurity Initiative

2004年3月マドリード列車爆破テロ事件

2005年7月ロンドン同時爆破事件

2006年12月マドリード爆弾事件

Present Day

AEOリスクプロファイルデータベース本稼働AEO認定企業リストの発行

国際サプライチェーンのセキュリティの強化世界貿易圏の安全保障構想の相互承認の向上

October 2006EU AEOlegislationVoted in

April 2004US and EU Transport Passenger Security Cooperation

November 2004China and EU Customs Agreement

May 2005EU Safety and Security Code

June 2005World Customs OrganisationSAFE framework

January 2006KPMG in the UK Advise on UK AEO PiIot

September 2006China and EU Cooperation Agreement against illegal and unsafe goods

July 2009EU ElectronicPre arrival,Pre departurecustoms electronicdocuments

July 2007HMRC accept firstAEO accreditationrequests

January 2008EU AEO regulationcomes intoforce HMRCissues first AEOaccreditations

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

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Supply Chain

Manufacturer Exporter Forwarder Warehouse keeper

Customs Agent Carrier Importer

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製造業者 輸出者 運送業者 倉庫係 通関業者 輸送業者 輸入者

サプライチェーン

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AEO - Authorised Economic Operator

Certification of economic operators by national customs authorities

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各国の税関当局による事業者の認証

AEO – 認定事業者

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Types of certification (article 38 UCC)

FLEXIBLE APPROACH TO CERTIFICATION

Three types of certification

— Customs simplifications — Security simplifications— Customs and security simplifications

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認定への柔軟なアプローチ

3種類の認定

— 通関手続きの簡素化— セキュリティの簡素化— 通関手続きおよびセキュリティの簡素化

認定の種類(UCC38条)

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AEO – Authorised economic operator

BENEFITS AEOC AEOS AEOC/AEOS LEGISLATION

Easier access to customs simplifications Article 38 (5) UCC

Facilities for security controls

Article 38 (6) UCC (see TAXUD/B2/047/2011 -AEO guidelines 2016)

Possibility of receivingadvance notice if selected for physical control

Article 24(2) UCC DA

Article 38(6) UCC

Possibility of receiving advance notice if selected for customs control

Article 24(3) UCC DA

Article 38(6) UCC

Fewer physical and documentary controls

Article 24(1) UCC DAArticle 38(6) UCC

Priorities in controls, compared to non-AEO economic operators

Article 24(4) UCC DA

Article 38(6) UCC

Possibility of choosing the place where the controls will be carried out, to be agreed with the Customs Authority

Article 24(4) UCC DA

Article 38(6) UCC

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ベネフィット AEOC AEOS AEOC/AEOS 関連法

通関手続きの簡素化が容易になる UCC38条(5)

セキュリティ管理の円滑化 UCC38条(6)

(AEOガイドライン2016-TAXUD/B2/047/2011)

現物検査の対象となった場合、事前通知を受けることが可能

UCC委任規則24条(2)UCC38条(6)

税関審査の対象となった場合、事前通知を受け取ることが可能

UCC委任規則24条(3)UCC38条(6)

現物検査と書類審査の回数が減少する

UCC委任規則24条(1)UCC38条(6)

AEO非認定事業者よりも税関管理が優先される

UCC委任規則24条(4)UCC38条(6)

税関当局と合意のうえ、審査の実施場所を選択することが可能

UCC委任規則24条(4)UCC38条(6)

AEO – 認定事業者

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Planning of the customs procedures/regimes

Criteria for the granting of authorised economic operator status (article 39 UCC -articles 24-28 UCC IA)

The absence of any serious infringement or repeated infringements of customs legislation and taxation rules, including no record of serious criminal offences relating to the economic activity of the applicant

The demonstration by the applicant of a high level of control of his or her operations and of the flow of goods, by means of a system of managing commercial and, where appropriate, transport records, which allows appropriate customs controls

Financial solvency, which shall be deemed to be proven where the applicant has good financial standing, which enables him or her to fulfil his or her commitments, with due regard to the characteristics of the type of business activity concerned

Practical standards of competence or professional qualifications directly related to the activity carried out

Appropriate security and safety standards, which shall be considered as fulfilled where the applicant demonstrates that he or she maintains appropriate measures to ensure the security and safety of the international supply chain

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認定事業者の認定要件(UCC39条-UCC施行規則24-28条)

申請者の経済活動に関して深刻な犯罪を犯した履歴がないことを含め、関税法令および租税規定の重大なまたは度重なる違反がないこと

適切な通関管理を可能にする商業データおよび、必要に応じて、輸送データを管理するシステムを用いて、申請者が行うオペレーションおよび物品の流通に対する管理のレベルが高いことを申請者が証明する

財務支払能力ビジネス活動の性質に鑑み、申請者が納税義務を果たすことができる良好な財政状態である場合にその支払能力が証明されているとみなされる

実施する活動に直接関係する能力または専門的な資格に関する実質的な基準

セキュリティおよび安全に関する適切な基準申請者が国際サプライチェーンのセキュリティおよび安全を確保するために、適切な対応を維持していることを証明する場合にその基準が満たされているとみなされる

通関手続きおよび制度の計画

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Brazil – Blue Line, 2004– Customs compliance programs

Canada – FAST (Free and Secure Trade) 2008

Japan – AEO from 24 May 2011

Switzerland – AEO from 2009

USA– Customs Trade Partnership against terrorism

(C-TPAT) 2004– AEO from 1 Agust 2012

China – AEO from 3 November 2015

Norway – AEO from 2009

Andorra – AEO from 2011

Benefits of AEOCompliant and trustworthy economic operators should benefit from international mutual recognition of the status of authorised economic operator. The EU has concluded mutual recognition agreements with the following countries.

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ブラジル – ブルーライン、2004年– 税関コンプライアンスプログラム

カナダ – FAST (自由安全貿易プログラム)、2008年

日本 – AEO、2011年5月24日から

スイス – AEO、2009年から

米国– テロ行為防止のための税関産業界提携プログラム(C-

TPAT)、2004年– AEO、2012年8月1日から

中国 – AEO、2015年11月3日から

ノルウェー – AEO、2009年から

アンドラ – AEO、2011年から

基準に適合した信頼性の高い事業者は、認定事業者の地位が国際的に相互承認されることによるベネフィットを享受する。EUは以下の国々と相互承認することに合意している。

AEOのベネフィット

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Effects of non-certification

Company reputation Supply chain Customs facilities

― Negative impact on brand

― Negative impact on relationship with customs authorities

― Negative impact on relationship with consumers and suppliers

― Increase in goods delivery time

― Increase in indirect costs (e.g. storage costs, costs due to breaches of contract)

― Increase in physical inspections of goods on their entry and exit

― Some customs simplifications will not be accessible to non-AEO economic operators (e.g. centralised clearance, self-assessment, exemption from the requirement to provide a guarantee)

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企業の評判 サプライチェーン 通関の円滑化

AEO非認定による影響

― 一部の通関手続きの簡素化は、AEO非認定事業者は利用できない(例、中央一括通関、自己査定、保証付与要件の免除)

― 企業ブランドへのネガティブな影響

― 税関当局との関係におけるネガティブな影響

― 消費者およびサプライヤーとの関係におけるネガティブな影響

― 物品を納品する時間の増大

― 間接費(例、保管費用、契約違反により発生する費用)の増大

― 物品が通関する際の現物検査の増大

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Comparison between operators

Authorised economic operator

Operator without AEO certification

Complete entry summary declaration

No customs simplifications

Physical and documentary customs inspections

Goods get stuck at the customs office

Entry summary declaration which may omit certain particulars

Customs simplifications

Fast-tracking of consignments selected for inspection

Goods are delivered more quickly

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認定事業者AEO非認定事業者

ENS申告が必要

通関手続きが簡素化されない

現物および書類による税関調査

物品が税関で止まる

ENS申告について一部省略可能

通関手続きが簡素化される

税関調査における迅速な引渡し

物品がより迅速に通関する

事業者間の比較

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Union Customs Code – Regulation (EU) No 952/2013

—Customs law is regulated by the new UCC

—Some simplifications are granted exclusively to AEOs

From 1 May 2016

—Guarantee waiver—Centralised clearance—Self-assessment—Mutual recognition (USA,

China, Japan, etc.)

Some of the exclusive benefits

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—関税法令は新しいUCCによって規定される

—一部の簡素化は、AEOのみに付与される

2016年5月1日以降

—保証免除—中央一括通関—自己査定—相互承認(米国、中国、日本など)

独占的なベネフィット

欧州連合関税法典(UCC)– 規則(EU)No 952/2013

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AEO accreditation criteria

Synopsis of the company’s ownership, group structure, trade sector, and appropriate knowledge of customs procedures

Standard 1Companyinformation

Standard 2Compliancerecords

Standard 3Company accounting and logistics system

Standard 5Safety and securityrequirements

Standard 4Financial solvency

Customs authorities will check the customs compliance record for the three years prior to the application date, to ensure the company meets their compliance criteria

The company must be able to demonstrate that it has a satisfactory system for the management of commercial and transport data, with built-in customs controls and procedures

The company must be able to demonstrate a good financial record over the past three years of trading

The company must demonstrate a high awareness of security and safety measures, both internally and with trading partners, based on documented internal control procedures

Standards for accreditation

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企業の資本構造、グループ構成、貿易分野および税関手続きに関する適切な知識の概要

基準1企業情報

基準2コンプライアンスの記録

基準3企業の会計および物流システム

基準5安全およびセキュリティに関する要件

基準4財務支払能力

税関当局は、企業がコンプライアンス基準を満たしていることを確認するために、申請日前3年間の税関コンプライアンスに関する記録をチェックする

企業は、税関審査および税関手続きが組み込ま れ た 、 商 業データおよび輸送データを管理するために十分なシステムを有することを証明できなければならない

企業は、過去3年間の貿易取引について財務上の記録が良好であることを証明できなければならない

企業は、文書化された社内の内部統制手続きに基づいて、社内および取引先とのセキュリティ対策および安全対策に対す高い意識を証明しなければならない

認定基準

AEO認定基準

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The KPMG name and logo are registered trademarks or trademarks of KPMG International.

Publication date: February 2018

Contacts:お問合せ先

Massimo FabioPartner, International Trade & CustomsStudio Associato (KPMG)E: [email protected]: + 39 06 809631

Chohwi KimManager, Global Japanese PracticeKPMG S.p.A.E: [email protected] T: +39 02 6763.2968

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The KPMG name and logo are registered trademarks or trademarks of KPMG International.

Publication date: February 2018

本冊子は、KPMGイタリアが2018年2月に発行したものです。翻訳と英語原文間に齟齬がある場合は、当該英語原文が優先するものとします。

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