the tutorial on motors.pdf

8/12/2019 THE TUTORIAL ON MOTORS.pdf

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2/11

When I say simple, I don't mean use a speed control. But control the motor directly

without any external circuitry. Here's how:

How this came about:

I recently was working on an instructable about charlieplexing with an arduino(http://www.instructables.com/id/CharliePlexed-LED-string-for-the-Arduino/). And I

was wondering if the same principle would work with motors to some extent. So I

came up with the idea that if you used a motor instead of an led you could have 2-

way control of it & if you used 2 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) ports you could

have 2-way variable speed control for a motor with no external hardware!! So I

decided to post my findings. Have fun!If you have any questions Please ask

them.

Note: This is not the safest way to control a motor. Each I/O pin can only handle 40 mAof curre nt. I would recommend using a H-Bridge (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-bridge)as pointed out by: Bongmaster & Frollard.

I am not responsible for any thing bad that happens to you or to your arduino!

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3/11

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Step 1: The stuff you need:

Parts:

- Arduino

- Small DC motor

- Wire for motor

Tools:

- Computer with Arduino IDE (http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software) installed

- A-B USB cord

Step 2: Connecting the motor

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5/11

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Connect your DC motor to your arduino.

- Connect one wire from the motor to pin 5 on you arduino

- Connect the other wire from your motor to pin 6 on your arduino

The hardware setup for this is pretty simple.

Step 3: Coding the Arduino

Here's some basic steps to program your arduino.

1) Download the source code from below

2) Open the file in the Arduino IDE (http://redirectingat.com/?

id=487X782&url=http%3A%2F%2Farduino.cc%2Fen%2FMain%2FSoftware)

3) Press the "Upload to I/O Board" button

4) Once the program is uploaded it will start running

I tried to add a good amount of comments to the code, but if you have any

questions, please ask them.

_2Way_Motor_Control.pde (/files/orig/FP6/380S/G0SD2Z09/FP6380SG0SD2Z09.tmp)1 KB

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6/11

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danimalik (/member/danimalik/)

im using arduino with atmega 328p-pu

motor is not runing. wat isue can be ?

dsilva33 (/member/dsilva33/) danimalik

The motor is not running because the motor is using to much current from the

arduino. You can damage your arduino because the pins can short out. I don't

recomend this method for you.

racataca (/member/racataca/)

that I can do to convert 2 PWM inputs (rc servo) to 5Vdc analog?

mfusaro (/member/mfusaro/)

my motor runs when hooked up to a 1.5v battery, yet when I run this code hooked up

to my laptop, I get nothing. Why?

shanymz (/member/shanymz/)

Hi,

I tried your code to run a 12 V dc motor, and it doesnt work. I just hear beeping from

motor,

it is connected directly to computer using arduino uno.

I am a newbie! so I really appreciate your help

diy_bloke (/member/diy_bloke/) shanymz

the arduino is 5Volt, yr moor is

12 Volt. I am sure you can do

the math on that yourself :-)

asarris (/member/asarris/)

I am not sure if this is my fault or instructable's fault, but when I try to download this file

I get a temporary file.

gee12 (/member/gee12/)

Good Tutorial,

msurguy (/member/msurguy/)
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7/11

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4 years ago Reply (CL390YYG1BBE2B5)

So I am planning to drive a small Electromagnetic coil with this code, it is 120

Ohms so the power consumption will only be 20-40mah max, this code should

work, right?

Lenny24 (/member/Lenny24/) msurguy

Hey, since motors, coils and/or

speakers are complex loads,

meaning they do not only consist

of a resistance that might be

defined by Ohm's Law, even a

small electromagnet with a static

resistance thats > 1000 Ohms

could easily kill your Arduino.

The Code should work just fine,

but you might consider using an

H-Bridge for controlling current.

msurguy (/member/msurguy/) Lenny24

Thanks ! I might use TI DRV883x

series chip for the H Bridge driver

then!

acain3 (/member/acain3/)

I'm working on a schematic that uses four transistors per engine, a universal ground,

a universal power, and an Arduino Uno. It will allow you to use two wires to control

both motor directions. It switches two transistors on at a time.

vkarpuram1 (/member/vkarpuram1/)

You must not use this method to control a motor with the arduino as it could blow up

the whole board, instead you could use a motor driver like the l298n. Here's a tutorial

- http://vkwarehouse.blogspot.in/2012/05/bidirectional-motor-control.html

(http://vkwarehouse.blogspot.in/2012/05/bidirectional-motor-control.html)

acain3 (/member/acain3/) vkarpuram1

Your link popped up containing Malware.

David97 (/member/David97/)

I wold not trythhis with big motors anyone looking at doing it for several reasons.

#The current draw would be too big for the arduino

#the back EMF could produce a huge voltag spike and blowing up your arduino.

#Do you think its a good idea when most instructables and projects have

motorcontrollers to prevent blowing up the arduino?

Eonir (/member/Eonir/)

The power limits of the microprocessor are not the only thing you should be worried

about.

A motor is not an entirely resistive object. It has also some inductance. What does

that mean? It means that when you reverse the voltage on the pins, the current doesn't

change its direction immediately. So, for a short moment, the motor acts like a current

source.
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8/11

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3 years ago Reply (CH543V1GFMCCVFR)

And that could effectively blow up your microprocessor.

Eonir (/member/Eonir/) Eonir

I didn't have time to check your code, but there's one thing you can do to

prevent a hot situation. Whenever you want to switch your motor, a dead time

would be applied, in order to allow for the current to fall to a negligible level.

Callum Snowden (/member/Callum+Snowden/) Eonir

Or just slowly ramp the motor

speed up and down

shortcircuitaz (/member/shortcircuitaz/)

I tried this and my motor must be too big or something.. do I need to send any

information through the interface to the controller?

wfelix (/member/wfelix/)

very good for small motors... '

but, for big motors, use analog io or gnd+digital with an external driver is better

(obviously)''

but, yet, is a great idea

GitarGr8 (/member/GitarGr8/)

Just so you know, there is an extremely large voltage that is created when the

magnetic field of a motor breaks down, ie. when you switch off the circuit. You

can visually see this if you hook up a 9V batter to the motor and slowly remove a

lead. The spark that is created means a LOT of volts (someone smarter than I

could tell you an exact number) which WILL damage / destroy the transistors inyour chip. You can get around this by using a protection diode, which will

dissipate that voltage back through the coil:

http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/trancirc.htm

(scroll down to protection diode)

kyle brinkerhoff (/member/kyle+brinkerhoff/)

OR! you could just buy a pwm motor

controller and drive FLIPPEN HUGE

MOTORS!

the_burrito_master (/member/the_burrito_master/) kyle brinkerhoff

Try a couple transistors as

amplifiers.

beehard44 (/member/beehard44/) the_burrito_master

or relay?

the_burrito_master (/member/the_burrito_master/) beehard44
http://-/?-http://www.instructables.com/member/the_burrito_master/http://-/?-http://www.instructables.com/member/beehard44/http://-/?-http://www.instructables.com/member/the_burrito_master/http://www.instructables.com/member/kyle+brinkerhoff/http://www.instructables.com/member/GitarGr8/http://www.instructables.com/member/wfelix/http://www.instructables.com/member/shortcircuitaz/http://-/?-http://www.instructables.com/member/Callum+Snowden/http://-/?-http://www.instructables.com/member/Eonir/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/CH543V1GFMCCVFRhttp://www.instructables.com/member/beehard44/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/C5M58WXGE7LFDIQhttp://www.instructables.com/member/the_burrito_master/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/C4HR1RAGDNIUIRJhttp://www.instructables.com/member/kyle+brinkerhoff/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/CZW2UCPGHFK83I7http://www.instructables.com/member/GitarGr8/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/CVNXM0BGJHVLKVWhttp://www.instructables.com/member/wfelix/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/CVG22JMGJQEB89Xhttp://www.instructables.com/member/shortcircuitaz/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/CUYW5XBGQYG5SU2http://www.instructables.com/member/Callum+Snowden/http://www.instructables.com/id/Simple-2-way-motor-control-for-the-arduino/CAJBT69G1BB3VU0http://www.instructables.com/member/Eonir/


9/11


10/11

(/member/computergeek/)

4 years ago Reply (C6TURIIG1BB3UUO)

(/member/frollard/)

4 years ago Reply (C9CDCEHG1BB7YN8)

Make Comment

results to those little pinnies :P

Totally agreed in using an h-

bridge, driven by these pins.

computergeek (/member/computergeek/)(author) frollard

I looked at the Arduino Specs

(http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Ard

and found each I/O pin can only

handle 40 mA of current. I

measured the current draw of my

motor & found it was at the max

35 mA's. So I decided to put a

warning in my instructable.

Personally I prefer continuous

rotation servos over motors.

frollard (/member/frollard/) computergeek

Remembering when a motor

turns on or off it has a pulse of

very high inrush current to get it

started. A multimeter willprobably not even detect it

because its so fast - but its

enough to destroy a pin.

using pwm just means you're

turning it on and off

MANY times...more risk of

burning out that expensive

pin....my 2 cents.

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