the transformation from language learner to language user · the transformation from language...

The Transformation from Language Learner toLanguage User

DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER

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Expectation

• What are your expectations?

• What is your believe in Autonomy Learning?

• What are the common difficulties you encountered in your daily practice?


Autonomy Learning

• Rather than seeing the learners as a passive container to be filled with the teacher's ideas, this approach considered the learners as someone who actively shapes his or her learning experiences with the purpose of self-development and fulfillment.(Stevick 1980, Atkinson 1993)

• Promoting learner autonomy refers to encouraging students “To determine the objectives, to define the contents and progressions, to select methods and techniques to be used. To monitor the procedures of acquisition and to evaluate what has been acquired” (Holec, 1981)


Literature Review

• 1950s• George Kelly (c.f. Kelly, 1955). • Maria Montessori (1870‐1952) 1907 first "Casa dei Bambini" or Children's House. 1917 North America , 1939 India

• The Silent Way (Gattegno,1963)• Suggestopedia (Lozanov, 1978)


Why Autonomy Learning

• “They are likely to be more enthusiastic about learning” (LittleJohn, 1985)

• “learning can be more focused and purposeful for them” (Little, 1991;Dam, 1995;Camilleri, 1997; Chan, 2001; 2003)

• “student-centered cooperative learning environments are advantageous for both learners and the teacher; learners are relaxed enough not to be afraid of making errors during communication with peer, and most importantly, every students has a chance to participate in class while the teacher is able to observe and evaluate each students' improvement and behavior in class. ” (Ebata, 2010)


TEACHER’S ROLE

• “The ability to behave autonomously for students is dependent upon their teacher creating a classroom culture where autonomy is accepted” (Barfield et al. 2001)


Stages in the Development of Learner Autonomy Reinders, H. (2010)

• Stages in the Development of Learner Autonomy


Planning learning (4 skills

integration )Selectingresources(authenticmaterialon line

resources )

Selecting strategies BBC.NTDTV, GLOSS, JLU, SCOLA,

PracticeFind same event from different sources Monitoring

progress (presentation in class in target languagea)

Assessment and revision

(answer question

their fellow group may

have)

Identifying learning needs

(proficiency )

Setting goalsDLPT 5


• Chinese New Year.doc• Holidays of China• Chinese Medicine• Grading sheet • feedback sheet.doc


Four Skills Integration

• 先發展中國經濟還是保護環境.ppt• 中國政治體系與結構.ppt• 中國文化與經濟.ppt


• Autonomy assignment arrangement.docx


Technology and Authentic Sources

• Listening • 2月份全国财政收入同比下降1.2%.doc• 上网本.doc• 以色列新议会宣誓就职.doc• 美防长谈朝鲜和伊朗核问题.doc• 美韓聯合軍演北韓當局切斷與首爾熱線.doc• 香港失业率急升至5.doc


Authentic Reading Passage

• READING

• 中国在以企业基本安全尚无撤离.doc• 奥巴马吁彻底整顿华尔街监管制度.doc• 美国政府公布小企业救助计划.doc• 贵州搬迁69所受地质灾害威胁学校.doc


References

• Balcikanli, Cem (2010). Learner Autonomy in Language Learning: Student Teachers’ Beliefs. Australian Journal of Teacher Education. 35:1, 90-103.

• Barfield, A., Ashwell, T., Carroll, M., Collins, K., Cowie, N., Critchley, Ml, Head, E., Nix, M., Obermeier, A. & Robertson, M. C. (2001) Exploring and defining teacher autonomy: A collaborative discussion. In A. S. Mackenzie&E.

• Dam, L. (1995). Learner autonomy 3: From theory to classroom practice. Dublin: Authentik. • Ebata, Makiko (2010) Awakening Opportunity. ERIC: ED511721• Errey, L., (2003). Whose Learning is it Anyway? Developing Learner Autonomy Through Task-

Based Language Learning. Coronet Books • Gardner, D., Miller, L., (2011). Managing Self-Access Language Learning: Principles and

Pracitce. ScienceDirect 39, 78-89.• Gettegno, C. (1963). Teaching for language in schools: the silent way. Reading; Educational

explorers. • Holec, Henri (1981).Autonomy Foreign Language Learning. Oxford:Pergamon Press• Kelly, G. A. (1955) The psychology of persoanl constructs. First ed. New York: W.W.Norton. • Lozanov, G. (1978). Suggestology and outlines of Suggestopedy. New Yourk: Gordon

&Breach. • Reinders, Hayo (2010). Towards a Classroom Pedagogy for Learner Autonomy: A Framework

of Independent Language Learning Skills. Australian Journal of Teacher Education 35:5,40-55.

• Sakai, S., Takagi, A., & Chu, M. P., (2010). Promoting Learner Autonomy: Student Perceptions of responsibilities in a Language Classroom in East Asia. Educational Perspectives 43:1&2, 12-27.

• Stevick, E. (1980). Teaching language : a way and ways. Rowley: Newbury House Publishers.• Winne, P.H., Hadwin, A. F., Hacker, D., Dunlosky, J. & Graesser, A. C. (1998). Studying as self-

regulated learning. In metacognition in educational theory and practice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

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