THE THEORY AND TYPES OF

FLIGHT

BY

MOHAMED BASITH A

B.E(ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING)

THE THEORY OF FLIGHT

Introduction;

• Now a days people travel from

country to country within a few hours

by the help of outstanding invention of

engineering (i.e) AIRCRAFT.

•The aircraft can give a country to

country passage by saving lot of time

and give a sheer travelling pleasure

INVENTORS OF FLIGHT

• The aircraft was invented by WRIGHT

BROTHERS ( WILBUR WRIGHT &

ORVILLE WRIGHT )

• They combined together to make a

successful aircraft in 1903.

• They successfully fly using their own

first flight in the sky in December,17

1903 at kill devil hills

• It was the first flight that fly in the

world.

The INVENTORS

The first successful flight can fly in

the sky by wright brothers

How the flight can fly

• We know that a normal flight having

a tons of weight but, how can it fly

smoothly in the sky?

• Here , a superb engineering behind

that the flying concept of flight

• The flight must satisfy some

engineering concepts to fly in the

sky smoothly otherwise it will make

a dangerous accident.

Parts of a flight

Forces in a flight

• All flights must produces the

following forces,

1) THRUST

2) DRAG

3) LIFT

4) WEIGHT

DRAG

WEIGHT

THRUST

LIFT

,

• For achieving stable flight position

THRUST = DRAG

LIFT = WEIGHT

THRUST;

This force is created by an aircraft's

engine and is required for forward motion.

This force acts in reverse direction to

that of 'Thrust' and hinders forward

motion. Drag is considered as a

negative force and all engineers try

their best to reduce drag.

DRAG;

.

LIFT;

Lift is the force created by the interaction

between the wings and the airflow. It

always act upwards. It is considered to

be the 'most important force' as without

it, an aircraft cannot ascend from

ground and maintain altitude.

.

WEIGHT;

This force acts on an aircraft due to the

interaction between the aircraft's body

weight and Earth's gravity. Weight is a

downward force.

Airfoil

• An aircraft wing has a special shape

called an airfoil

• As a wing moves through the air , the

air is split and passes above and below

the wing make a effect of lift

• Due to the effect that occurred on that

airfoil the aircraft can able to fly

Lift: Wing Section

JET ENGINE

• Jet engine is one of the important part

of all the aircrafts

• These produces enough thrust to move

the aircraft forwards

• Each aircraft has two jet engines

behind each wing

• Each jet engine has able to produce a

force of 2700 N

Working of an jet engine

ROLLING

CONTROL OF FLIGHT

Flight Control Surfaces

Flap

Flap

Spoiler

Spoiler

Types of aircrafts

• Aircrafts can be classified on the

using purposes

1) Passanger aircrafts

2) Transport aircrafts

3) Individual aircrafts

4) Aircrafts for defensive purposes

Passanger aircrafts

• Passanger aircrafts are used to carry

peoples from one place to another

• The first used passenger aircraft was

developed by U.S in 1938, the name of

the flight is “DOUGLAS DC4E”

• It has a only capacity of carrying 42

passengers and travelling at a speed of

200mph.

DOUGLAS DC4E in 1938

Development of passenger aircrafts

• Further , the availiablity of passenger

to travel using flight also increased by

the way the size of the flight also

increased.

• BOEING is a standard company to

create constant flight model

• BOEING-787 model is a most popular

and successful passenger flight used

around the world

Passenger aircraft constructors

• The aircraft construction is made and

sold world wide by a biggest aircraft

makers name as AIRBUS .

• The AIRBUS company makes a

passenger aircraft and distributed

around the world

• Most of all the passenger flight that

flies in the sky are made of AIRBUS

,• AIRBUS can develop two model as a

constant for passenger purpose

1) AIRBUS A-350

2) AIRBUS A-380

• AIRBUS A-350;

It has single passenger

assembly having a capacity of 200

peoples

• AIRBUS A-380;

It has a double passenger

assembly having a capacity of upto

500 peoples

AIRBUS A-350

AIRBUS A-380

Transport aircrafts

• Likewise people the transport goods

also transported from country to

country for their economical

developments

• Transport aircrafts are small as

compared to the passenger aircrafts

• They only carry the goods so it doesn’t

need to be bigger than commercial

flights

Transport aircraft constructors

• AIRBUS also construct a transport

range of aircrafts

• The name of that flight is AIRBUS

BELUGA

• AIRBUS BELUGA is considered as a

one of the biggest transport flight

• The fact is we can transport a

passenger flight from country to

country by using AIRBUS BELUGA

AIRBUS BELUGA

A normal passenger flight can

transported using beluga

Biggest flight around the world

• The flight named as ANTONOV An-225

is considered as a worlds biggest

flying thing in the sky

• It carry a huge amount of transport

goods from place to place

• It need a specially elected pilot for

operating

ANTONOV An-225

Individual aircrafts

• Individual flight also named as LUXURY

FLIGHTS

• Some high officials or important

person of a nation cannot go to

another country as a normal passenger

• So they use a special flight to travel to

their destinations

LUXURY FLIGHTS

Defensive purpose aircrafts

• Aircrafts used in military are known as

defensive purpose aircrafts

• They used during wars or any rescue

purposes

• Defensive aircrafts are completely

different from all the above aircrafts

• They have special structure and

additional features as compared to the

conventional flights

World’s fastest aircraft

• The world’s fastest aircraft was

constructed by the U.S.A

• The name of the flight is SR-71 BLACK

BIRD

• It is a supersonic flight and it can

travel above the range of speed of light

• They hidden most features about the

flight and they show as a threaten to

other country .

SR-71 BLACK BIRD

,

THANK YOU FOR WATCHING