the temple of olympian zeus the parthenon atop the acropolis
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The Temple of Olympian Zeus
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The Parthenon atop the Acropolis
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Theatre of Dionysus
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Athens to Alexander
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The Early Greeks
• Hellenes – Indo-European nomads – Dorian, Aeolian, and Ionian tribes
• Circa 1400-1000 B.C.E. – migration from Black Sea and Danube regions → modern-day Greece and Turkey
• Conquered Cretans and other natives• Circa 1000 B.C.E. – controlled Greece, some of
Asia Minor, and Aegean islands
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The Age of Homer
• Circa 1000 B.C.E.-circa 750 B.C.E.• Greece’s “Dark Ages” – little information
known• Iliad and Odyssey• Troy discovered by Heinrich Schliemann• People – farmers, traders, and warriors• Crops and livestock – cattle, grapes, olives,
sheep, wheat
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The Age of Homer
Homer Schliemann
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The Geography of Greece• Mountains– Hindered communication and unification– Caused growth of independent city-states
• Seas and seaports– Peninsula with irregular coastline– Seaports encouraged development of trade
• Poor farmland– Few crops could be grown– Forced to trade– Became leading traders of Aegean and eastern
Mediterranean
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Greece’s Colonies
• Circa 800-600 B.C.E.
• Colonized areas around the Mediterranean – Italy’s west coast (Naples), Sicily (Syracuse), southern France (Marseilles), Egypt, Byzantium (Constantinople/Istanbul)
• Spread Greek culture, language, religion
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Greece and the Greek Colonies
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Forces Uniting the Greeks
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Forces Uniting the Greeks
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Forces Uniting the Greeks
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Greek Language and Alphabet