vs. Sheriff Lee Gilmore In Greene Co. Election

B) DAPHNA IMP', 'N

EUTAW--Greene County, Alabama, IS beautiful in spring. The land along the highway is gently rolling. Green pastures are broken up by forests and occasional fields of young crops.

If thls mall count seem,. leeplJJg and quiet, It I nl lllusion.

Greene County may well be the llvellest county In Alabama thls sprlnc, and polltics will be the reasoo. The outcome of the May 3 primary election may well be an indicaUon of thtncs to come throughout Alabama and the other Southern states.

For the first time In the blstory ot the county, live attlce ' are being sought b} Negroes, who make up 81 per cent " t Greene's 13,600 population.

One of the polltlcal bopetuls, the Rev. Thoma~ E. Gllmore, Is running tor sher1ft. Known simply as "Gllmore," he Is already a legend in Greene county. As project director of Greene County SCLC, GUmore led demonstrations In the summer and fall of 1965 In Eutaw.

His opponent, Sber1ft William E. Lee, Is the man who met the demonstraUons with a firm, but passive manner.

Tbe major Industries in Greene County are tarmlng and

lumberine. Almost 61 per c nt 01 all farms In the COUDty are . perated by tenant. There are three lumber companle. aDd a pal kaiIDr corporation.

Accordlng to a census takeaInAugust1965by SNl C, there were 1649 whitepeopleofvotin,aeeinGreene C unty. There were 1979 actually registered to vote.

The county voted the Democrat ticket In the 1960 Pre 1-dential electlon by a majority ot 372.

In the 1964 electlon in whi,'h Pre ldent J ·hns n was elected, the count) voted Republican b , a majority , f 6 0 votes.

Eutaw, the county seat, has a populatioo of 2784. Tbe town square Is a pretty spot in an otherwise orc21DarY-looklnc small town.

The court house Is a white two-story bu1ldinC with creea sbutters that sits in the center of the well-kept lawn. on one corner of the square Is a tlsh pond.

On the other three corners are smaller copies of the court bou-e. One bulldlng Is the library, ooe Is the probate judge's office, and the third Is presently belncusedfor voter regis­tration.

A tearless man ot 25, Gilmore laughs about wearing boots and a ten-gallon hat, "when I'm elected sberlff." His cam­paign slogans are cocky: "You Get More With Gilmore." and "Tbe Third ot May Is Gilmore's Day."

But thiS, too, Is an illusion. Gilmore speaks with serlous-

(CONTINUED ON PAGE SIX, Col. 1) THE REV. THOMAS Gn.MORE (AT LEFT) HAD A FEW ONSTRATIONS LAST NOVEMBER. NOW'I1fETWOAREOP­WORDS WITH SHERIFF WILLIAM LEE DURING SCLC DEM- POSING EACH OTHER FOR GREENE COUNTY SHERIFF.

THE SOUTHERN COU VOL. II, NO. 13 Weekend Edition: March 26-27, 1966 TEN CENTS

PATT J. DAVIS WALTER J. CALHOUN THE REV. HENRY L. McCASKILL

Hard Work, Hard Cash Needed To Be Sheriff, Candidates Told BY ROBERT E. SMITH

A TLANT A, GA.--Two preachers, a teacher, a grocer, and an undertaker from Alabama's Black Belt gathered around a small room last weekend to learn a new trade.

Tbey were all learning how to be sher1fts, because each of tbem Is run­nlJJg tor the office In the DemocraU¢ primary May 3.

About 30 of the 60 Negro candidates runnlnc for attlce in Alabama this spring were called to Atlanta by SCLC tor a two-day school In practical poll­Ucs.

Hale County. "The law Is detrimental to the Negro."

The Rev. Thomas Gilmore otGreene County said he was concerned about methods of enforcing the law. "You don't ha¥e to enforce It bitterly, even If it's done bitterlY on both sides."

Riddick jumped on that POint lmmedl­ately, saying, "The good law enforce­ment officer Is judged by the number of men he keeps out of Jail, not puts in Jail."

A professor on law entorcementlrom Michigan State University, Bruce Olsen, called It "discretion."

"If we arrested everybod', wbomade a wrong turn," said Riddick, "we wouldn't have time tor anythtnc else."

In answer to the tirst questlon, Patt Davis of Perry County said, no, he didn't plan to keep the old depuUes If he were elected.

Mr. McCasklll of Hale County said he boped he could learn his new job with the help of the old sherlff between election day in November and his first day of attlce in January 1967.

"1 expect the deputies would resign If I won. Tbe element of hatred Is so creat. But I hope one would stay on to give experience to the force."

Mr. Gllmore said, "The deputies wouldn't work with 'me. BuUdoplan to have an Integrated force."

Walter J. Calhoun of Wilcox County added, "I plan to appoint my own depu­ties. I doo't think It would work with the (CONTINUED ON PAGE FIVE, Col. 1)

Mayor of Country Town Accused of Beating Negro

BY JOHN KLEIN

BEATRICE--This lit­tle Monroe County town has never had a real ra­cial demonstration, but it came close this week. The town had been so peacefUl, in

fact, that a clvll rights worker had to show people how to link arms wben they closed tbetr first mass meetlDgwlth the civil rights anthem "We Shall Over­come."

But the people almost took to the streets this week over a disacreell\8at that started two weeks ago, when a Ne­gro man was allegedly beaten and pis­tol-whipped by a group of whites.

Clarence David (Slim) Stallworth, 29, now listed In tair condition at a Mont­gomery hospital, said five white men took part In the beating. He named three of bls attackers.

One, be said, was the mayor. County Probate Judge David Nettles

called for an FBI investigation, but he refused to sign warrants tor the arrest of the three men.

Negroes accused blm of going easy on the mayor because they were friends, and atter a week of rlslnc protest they threatened to demonstrate It the mayor wasn't arres ted quickly.

"You have got ooe of the most docu­mented cases against the mayor oftbls town that I have ever seen," WUcox County SCLC worker the Rev. DanIel Harrell told Nettles SUDdaybefore more than 200 Negroes packed into the New

BILL STEWART, MONROEYn.LE NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER, ADDRESSES MASS MEETING IN BEATRICE. PROBATE JUDGE DAVID M. NETTLES (AT LEFT, WITH NECKTIE) APPEARED, LATER AGREED TO SIGN THE WARRANTS.

Purchase Church here. "It you don't arrest h1m,rUcuaran­

tee you, we'll be 00 your doorstep." After an hour of debate, Nettles gave

In. He did It almost cracefully. "I bonestly feel that Iamcommlttlng

a wrong bere," he said, "but I did not reallze wbat a difference a few days

could make. All of.you here are putting a lot of lmportance on time, aDd 80 rll tell you now, rll 'Ien that warrant tomorrow morn1ne."

That broke up the meeting. People rushed forward and crowded around Nettles to shalte his baud. Then they (CONTINUED ON PAGE FIVE, Co1. 3)

Tbere were experts there to tell can­didates how to serve 011 tbe scbool board and bow to act In the legislature. Tbe meeting of five sheriff bopefuls didn't waste time on the niceties.

"Look, men," said John Riddick, a Negro wbo served as deputy sberlff in a southeast Vlrgtn1a county for 12 years. "Tbe sherUf's job ls just polltlcs."

And there are ways tor the sher1ftto get around the law, Riddick said. "It says here you can't hire people to drive your voters to the polls on election day," he said waving a copy of Alaba­ma's "Corrupt PracUcesAct" govern­Ing political campaigns, whlcb SCLC had reprlnted for all the candidates.

First Day for Free Surplus Food "It's not an easy job." Riddick pulled a dollar bUl from bls

pocket and slapped It 011 the table, say­lng, "You gotta have informers, con­tacts. Every pollce force in the county bas to PI} casb for tips."

Riddick and others at the mfJetlng em­phas�zed to the candidates that the sherllf Is the polltlcal boss in many counties.

Tbe five sherlft candidates stopped taklnc notes, and justllstened to Rlddlck go on tor a half bour aboutlaw enforce­ment.

"Y ou have to enforce the law and pro­tect ALLcIUzens. Tbere are some laws on the books that were obnoxious to me as a Negro, but 1 had to enforce them, Riddick said.

"Why do you want to be sberlff?" he asked each of the men.

"To apply the law to all people equal­lY," said the Rev. Henry MccultUl of

Arresting Rednecks ATLANTA, aa.--At the SCLC

meettnc In AtlaIlta, a candidate tor sber1ft from Greene County asked a veteran Neiro deputy from vtrgtn1a, "Did you ever arrest what we would call a real redneck?"

The deputy, JobnRldd1ck, replied, "Sure, all the time,"

"What wa'. It llke the IIrst time"" the Greene county candidate asked.

"Man, that was the eaSiest," sald Riddick. "I had an easier time ar­resttnr white people tbanNegroe •• "

"You know how the sheriff gets around that one', He sends a friend over to the gas statlon gas station to rul up the tanks for the folks driving."

"non't go yourself," Riddick added quickly with a shake of his f1ncer. "Send a friend."

"And don't ever accept campaign cOlltrlbuUons In check. Always cash."

"And test the loyalty 01 everyone on your committee. Tell one at them a se­cret. You'll see whether he can be trusted."

"Find out all you can about your op­ponent."

"Don't worry about playing dirty. It's going to get rough. TheY'recolngtouse every trlck In the book on YOUo"

"Get yourself a friend in thesher1ff's offlce. Promise to keep h1m around when you get elected aDd be'll teU you anythlnc."

Aad so it went, unW fiDally the satur­day afternoon meeting was called to an encl, and former deputy sheriff Jolin Rlddlclt stopped talking and took a breath.

Then, be said, "I don't want toscare you out of the race by whall have sald."

"You're doing a good Job 01 It," said Mr. Gilmore with a sm1le.

"You scared me further Into the race," sald Wesley McNear of Barbour County with a jab of his f1npr Into the air.

Earlier, all 30 candidates were taurht the fine art of talk1ni to the press by Junius Griffin, director of public re­lations for SCLC. Gr1ftin pve them a practice run wlth a few reporters at the meeting.

BY MARY ELLE~ GALE

TUSKEGEE--It was something like a picnic except that nobodY had anytblng to eat.

It was Ilke aplcnlcbecause there was enough tood to feed an army. And It was llke a picnic because the people waiting around to get the food seemed to be havlJJg a good time.

BUt It wasn't really a picnic. It was the first day at free tooddlstrlbutionin Macon County.

The food came from the tederal gov­ernment's surplus stock. It was stacked and waltlDg inside an old airplane haJIpr at Moton Field.

The people came from the western part of Macon County, the Shorter­Hardaway area. By 8 a.m. MODda,y morning, they were llDed up and waiting outside the airplane hanpr.

Tbey came In old plcltup tructs and battered cars. SomeUmes a lot otthem came torether, to save ps. About two­thirds of them WfOre women.

They were carrylni busbel baskets, laundry baakets, ect baskets, card­board boxes, wooden crates, burllll bacs, and brliht-colored paper shop.. plni bar'.

Some at them bad to stand in Unefor two hour.. But moet people seemed to think two hour. was a reasooableprlce

to pay for food for their h\lllil'y famUies. "We used to have to CO without food

sometimes," said one man In the middle 01 the line. He (finned and shook his bead. "Thls--lt'. wonderfUl."

Although tbe U. S. Department at Ag­riculture supplled the food, TUskegee and Macon County are splitting the cost of distribution. Several local otftcebold· ers and candidates bave taken credit tor bringing tbe program to the county.

But tbe people standlng in line had their own Ideas about wbom to thank.

"There's so many Idon'tknowwbo," said one man.

"I figure it's due to President John­son," said the lady behind him.

Inside the hangar, the food was plle<! high 011 a long coUDter. There were cans of chopped meat, jars of peanut butter, and bags of corn meal, rlce, dried mUlt, flour, crlts, and sborten1Dg.

Three young men pushed metal shop.. pine carts down the 10Di row, pul11nif packages ott the counter aDd tosstnc them into the carts. At the QIld 01 the Une, each cart was emptied Into some­one's bag or box tor him to tate home.

Fred Rowe, Macon County food su­pervlsor, and S. R. Th1CP8n, from the state welfare department, tried tokeep everything rllllDlng smoothly. But they did have a few problems.

Some people came without IIlPlYine flrst, as requ1redby thefederalcovern­ment. Some, whose appllcaUooa were turned down because their famUy In­cOllIn were toobJ&h,cameany~.ADd some people came on the wrcnr day.

ThilfP8ll said the people wbo came on tNt wroog daY would just have to come back. "Every bit has to be accounted for," he sald. .. And we can't belp it If

A T THE END OF THE LINE YOU FILLED YOUR BAG WITH FOOD. people don't read the dad-blamed noti the free tood. Some 2150 fam111es had ce rlght." picked up their packages by the end of

Everyooe who came to coUect food the flrat day. also recelvedwrlttenexplanaUonsfrom Of those 2150, only about three or four the county eltenalon service 011 how to were white lamW ... BUt Rawe said be make the food last for a month. A la<lY thought the food cUltr1buU~ WOQId .. t was there to show people how to make more Integrated u It weIIt aIcJDr,. wet mOk from dried mtlk.ButDOtmany people stopped to ask.

Abol1t 2,200 taroWes with a total of about '7,000 hungry people 'lifueduPfor

"Tiley tell methereareo'tmanypoor whlte famWes over lUlU' Sborter," be IIald. "We .hould .. t lOme morelatler from otber parts 01 tile CCIUDV."

PAGE TWO

THE SOUTHERN COURIER Till: Sl,lll rm.HN COllHIFIl I:-publl:-I~w(>t>kl} b} .l non-pllilt, nOlI-share edu­(' JtI~1 t'U1 pol.1 tlun, !Ol tilt' ~tud.l anll dl:.bellllllJ.tloll of :ltcurate Inlormatlon about ('\t'flt:. JII\\ .ICt.llt:. In the Cl('ld 1'1 human rl'latloos. I I Il't': IIl\'llt'I rop ,:j:Gpel 1':11 lu the SOUth, $10 Pl'r }par plsewhere In the U, S" p .11I 0" bub" Ilpll(11I $2!i pt'l • Poll, u:.etl tOde!1 a) the tOSllo d. printing and publlca­'lOll. ~t'rOlld ('lo~" post:lgt' pold at Montgomell, Ala.

Edltor: Rober t E. smith Executive Editor : Mary Ellen Gale Pbotography Editor: James H. Peppler Lay-out Editor: Amy R. Peppler Bus1Dess Manacer: James M. stms

vol. n, No. 13 March 26- 27, 1966

Editorial Opinion

What About the Colleges? The federal government has said that it will step up

the pressure on public schools to desegregate. And some civil rights groups have planned to encourage parents to transfer their children next fall to pre­viously segregated schools.

How about the colleges? The Civil Rights Act of 1964 applies to colleges that receive federal a id--and most of the colleges do accept federal money.

Auburn University, supported in large part by state tax money and receiving ten per cent of its money from the federal government, has two Negroes in an under­graduate student body of more than 16,000 students.

The University of Alabama. also relying on federal money for about ten per centof its income. has enough Negro students to be called desegregated, but hardly enough to be called integrated.

Huntingdon College, a private school in Montgomery, has one Negro student on a campus of 1.100 men and women. It accepts federal funds and is therefore ob­ligated not to deny admission "on the ground of race, color, or national origin."

The story is repeated all over Alabama and in many other states in the nation. Token desegregation has kept the "feds" off the backs of the colleges.

Much of the blame for the slowpace rests with par .. ents and prQspective students. They should be aware that opportunities for Negroes exist at formerly seg­regated institutions.

And they should be aware that college desegregation does not now mean the harassment, economic repri­sals, or intimidation that school desegregation may mean.

Most Negro students at largely white universities in the South report that life there is pretty normal, they feel welcome. and they can manage the academic work.

Therefore, Negro high school students should be en­couraged to apply to any college without regard to whether that college has traditionally accepted only Whites.

And the stude-lils shoul4 yell I . ·pllay are denied admission because of what they think Is ra­cial discrimination. If there is a slightpossibility that the stUdents' complaints will be heard in Washington, surely the colleges will hurry to reconsider the stu­dents' applications.

Letters to the Editor To the Editor:

Since the beglnning or the civil rights struggle lo MississIppi there has been a serious lack or essential information available within the movement. NOW, the Freedom InformatiOll Service, which has attempted to fill that void lo the past eight mooths, wUl have to cease operations 11 we cannot raise sufftcient funds.

The ordinary communication chan­nels lo the state are cOlltrolledby a ra­cist power structure and therefore de­prive the Negro communityoflnforma­tion and Ideas.

To the Editor:

The recent watts riots in whicb a fel­low "Mexican" was ldlled by Negroes without any provocation caused me to re-read my LIfe mapz1ne or August 27, 1965, wbere (there was a) picture or another MeXican who had been cutup by Negroes In watts.

NOW, how do you Negroes expect us to be brothers towards you when your young ones are always trying to shove your weight around and, 11 one lets them, walk all over you'?

This Is OIIe who woo't be pushed around.

J. Chico Ramos Covington, Kentucky

THE SOUTHERN COURIE R

Farm Talk

New Rules Tell Share Cotton

Farmer, Payments

BY TERRY COWLES

MONTGOMERY - - Alabama grows about 100,000 acres of cotton a year that Is certain to sell.

U the cotton planter can't sell his crop anywhere else, the federal govern­ment wtll buy It. Buttlrsthemust meet resulatioos and 'cooperate 11 be wants uncle sam to protect him.

Every year the owners of cottoo farms are noWled before their planting

THINK AND

GRIN BY ARLAM CARR JR,

BIll: "Is Itbadlucktohavea cat tol­low you'?"

Phil: "It depends. Are you a man or a mouse?"

Mother: "Old you thank Mrs. porter lor the lovely party she gave?"

LltUe Dorothy: "NO, Mommie, I didn't. The girl leaving just before me thanked her and Mrs. Porter sald, 'Don't mention it,' so I didn't."

Mom Parker, to the new hired girl: "Hannah, have you given the goldfish fresh water today?"

Hannah: "No, ma'am. Tbey haven't finished the water I gave them yester'.. day."

What kind ot coat Is made without sleeves and put on wet?

A coat ot paint.

Why is a ,nake a careless animal? He los6§"h1s skin.

U you lived in a cemetery, with what would you open the gate?

With a skeletoo key.

What part or a fish weIghs the most? The scales.

Which Is the s troogest day or the week?

sunday, because all the rest are weak days.

Why does Uncle sam wear red-white­and-blue suspenders?

To hold his pants up.

When you lose somethlng why do you always find It lo the last place you look?

Because you s top looking when you find It.

What Is It that we have In December that we don't have In any other month?

The letter D.

On which side does a chicken have the most teathers ?

The outside.

seas 011 by the Agricultural StabUlr.atioo and COIIServation Service.

Tile noUftcaUOII tells them how much cotton they may plant 11 they want the Department of Agriculture tobewUlJ.ni to buy It.

U the planter grows more than what ASCS recommends, the government will not buy his crop 11 be Is left with it on his bands.

This year the Department or Agricul­ture is making it more protitable for the planter to grow even less than ASCS recommends.

U a planter grows 100 per cent of what ASCS recommends he wtll receive 21~ per pound for his cotton. U be grows 65 per cent of what ASCS recommends he wUl receive 3~ per pound for his cottoo from the U.S. government.

U a planter employs tenant farmers or sharecroppers he must share with them the mOlley he receives from the sale 01 his cotton to the U. S. govern­ment.

How much the sharecropper ls enti­tled to depends 011 bow much of the crop be planted and what per cent of his crop be has agreed to pay the planter for the use ot his IBDd.

It Is 1llegal, however, for the planter to throw a sharecropper ott the land so that tile planter w11l not have to give the sharecropper his share 01 the money. Neither can the planter ask a share­cropper to sign anagreementsaylngthe sharecropper does not claim his fair share of the mOlley.

In short, the planter can't do anything In order to keep the sharecropper's share of the federal money from him.

All d. this Is accordln( to the Depart­ment or Agriculture'S new reguIaUOIIS for the domestic cotton allotment pro­gram. The department has advlled farmers who th1nt they are not getting their fair share of federal payments lor cotton to notily the county ASCScom­mittee or the secretary of Agriculture in Washington, D. C.

Sermon of 'h, W Uk

'Aim High, Hit Hard'

BY ALAN BAUGHMAN

ANNlSTON--"When we look at the Negto we com!! to see throUCbout his history be has been a tighter," said the Rev. Q. N. Reynolds in a SUnday sermon at the 17th street Baptist Church.

"The Negro came to this new land disrobed of everything decent and hu­man. He was scattered across the cot­ton tields and made to bulld the econo­my of the land he was deprived or en­joying. However, from his very begin­ning In the new world, he was a tighter."

"Someone asked Joe LOllis, 'What makes a man a champion?' He repl1ed, 'a champion has to move In, aim high and hit hard,' " Mr. Reynolds said.

He said the Negro has moved In--in the tleld of educatioo, In the field of sports, through judgeship POSiUOIIS, against buman lojustices anddlscriml­nation."

"The Negro has aimed high," Mr. Reynolds said. "It has not been the Ne­gro who has hooded himseU and paraded the streets In violence and hate or bombed houses or worship, or thrust sniper bullets into the body or the Presi­dent."

This same power structure has seen to it that schools and other educational programs neglect the teaching or basic skills and understandingS needed for higher education and full citizenship.

The civil rights movement has at­tempted to reach the most unreacbed people with verballnformation on how to better their l1ves.

Justice Official Says Department

ShouldAlter VotingRightsPolicy

"He has disarmed himself and pre­sented his body as a sacrltlce for the eradicatiOll d. the Uls ot the country. Love and non-violence has been bls cOllStant motto and aim, but with tears In his eyes he has kept love lo his beart."

"The only consolaUon that has been continually with him has been the awareness of another power. He has not been alone. Chrlst fought for him, and the God 01 Moses has been his gado"

But there had never been an adequate effort to do research and produce sim­ply written and relevant materials for the 10w-l1teracy population the move­ment serves.

This F. I. S. set out to do. u well as to explore the use oItapes,f1lms,fUm­strips. records, etc. in fUrther in­creaslnC effective commualcatiOilin the context of the movement.

When the F. I. S. (thea called Freedom Information center) first started toop­erate lo July, 1965, inJactson, only one person was involved.

FlIes were gathered and expanded with informatiOll on the freedom move­ment, and a few small requests from clvU rights workers were t1lled.

By late September, an arrangement

had been made tor s iX staffers to re­ceive room and board and worldng space at the Delta MlniStry'S Mt. Beulah Cen­ter at Edwards, MlBs. A proposal wall

drawn lIP whicb outlined a procram 01 service to the Fr eedom Movement in Mlsataslppi vtacollectioo, dlBtrtbutloD, and preparaUoo of various Idnds 01 mater1all for worltlhopa, oriaDWL­Uoo., and 1ndlviduala upoo request.

• • • We hope that your readers w1ll want to belp UI.

J an Hlllepa Freedom lDtormaUoo Service p, O. Box 968 Edwards, M1u1sslWi 39066

BY MARY ELLEN GALE

TUSKEGEE- -"Wben people have been intimidated for years, it takes courage to walk Into the courthouse and ask wbere the reetstrars' dftce Is," said Wiley A. BrautoD, special assistant to tile U.s. Attorney General.

"The ooly way a lot ot peq>le wUl ever get reg1atered lB for the federal government to send more federal exam­loers, to places other than the court­house, Saturdays as well as weekdays.

"There wUl have to be enougb fed­eral presence In the counties to make people feel the federal eovernmentwUl stand behind what it says."

Branton spoke this week to TUskegee InBtltute students andlaculty members. Some people weren't sure they beard him r tebt !be first tlme.

Was a Justice Department employee really saylnC that the Justice Depart­ment lB movloi too slowly 011 voter reg­lstrat1oD? Yes, BrantiOll said. he was.

"The federal government's policy has been to lend federal reetBtr&rs ooJy to counU.s where people can prove dlBcr1mlDatloo or inUmidatioo," one questlooer point«! out.

"I doo't acr .. with the beaic polley, and w"", try1nc to do SOIIIeth1nc about cb,ncmc it," BrantiOll repl1ed.

But Ile said local civil rights groups also wUl have to take more responsl­b1lJty for reglster ing- -and educating-­voters.

''In some cOllllUe~ P801l1ewOll'tcome to register or vote even though there's no Intimidation," Brantoo sald. "I've talked with people In Dothan, Opellka, Talladega. They admit ther8's no real problem except indifference.

"That's gOing to be the ooemostd1f­flcult to tight."

WILBY A.. BRAlCTON A .. t.taDt to Attorney GeOtral

B 'ham Market, Negroes Agree

BIRMINGHAM -- Thed1apute that be­gaD live weeks ago between Liberty Su­permarket and Negro groups was set­tled last weekend. Picketll were re­moved from the store late Friday night.

Neeotlators for the store and for the Alabama ChrlBtian Movement for Hu­man Rights and the Interdenominational Mlnlater1al All1ance said the aireement called tor the employment of Negroes 011

a supervisory level, and as caShiers, sack boys, stockmen, security guards, butcber, and snackbar saleslady.

While dlscussiOll8 were UDder way, the store waa hJrlDi 13 N8i1'08S to most of the requested poeltioos.

The supermarket manqement &­

creed to drop a $2 mUllon llbel sult a­plnat the Southern Christian Leader­ship Conference and to meet with Ne­rro r.presentaUves from time to time to review procrus made •

The dispute atarted Feb. II when five

N8i1'oes were Injured in a scuttle with the .tore's ncurlt,y euards I.Ddpollc •• Tile boycott and pick.Uq .tart.d aiX day. later aDd rtl.Cbeda cl1mu Feb. 21 when tlv. Nerroes were ahot lIIlrootol the store.

MARCH 26-27, 1966 >

GOVERNOR AND MRS. WALLACE SENATOR AND MRS. KENNEDY

A.t University Of A.labmn

A Tale of Two Wives •. And Their Husbands

BY DAPHNA SIMPSON

TUSCALOOSA--1'WO polltical figures who took part In a program at the Uni­versity of Alabama last week broughtthelrwivesalong. The comparisOll was in­teresting, too.

New York Senator Robert F. Kennedy spoke FridaY night to a full auditorium of faculty and students. His attractive wite.Ethel, sat In the audJence. Alabama Governor George C, Wallace spoke saturday night to a fUll auditorium. His at­tractive wife, Lurleen, sat on the stage with him.

Senator Kennedy told the crowd that he "wanted to clear something uP." He said that people had accused him of maldng speeches around the country to fur­ther his campaign for the Presidency.

"But I'll tell you one thing," he said. "MY wile is not golng to run for Presi­dent."

The audience broke loto wild applause and laughter. The senator leaned for­ward to look at his " 'ite seated In the secood row and asked, "Or are you?" Again the crowd burs t r applause.

When GO\" .",r Wallace spoke he said, .. I hope you'll support my w11e. She'll make a gOOd governor because she thinks like you do."

Mrs. Wallace spoke briefly before she lotroduced her governor husband. She pledged that 11 she were elected, she would carry out the pollcies or the present admlnlstraUoo with the help or "my busband."

Both Kennedy and Wallace were warmly received by the students and faculty. Each was given several standing ovations.

The occasion was "Emphasis '66," which brought together speakers from across the nation. In the two-day forum, the student's role in a democratic socie­ty was the general theme. The program, spoosored the Student Government As­sociation, covered a wide range 01 political views.

Senator Kennedy said that the problems in the South were basically the same as the problems In the North. poverty, lack of proper education, and poor standards of health are responsible for many problems In the nation.

He also said that these problems would exist even 11 there were no questions of race, "but questiQlls or color andnational1ty do exist. And they must be dealt with."

Following his speech the brother ot the late President Kennedy answered ques­tions from the floor, most ot wh .ch com.erned Viet Nam.

Naming the Baby on Election Night HEADLAND--A.D.Livingston, who

now edits the Space lnformaUonDi­gest of the George C. Marshall Flight Center In HuntsvUle, has just written a novel called "The Sky's The Limit."

On the cover or the book, lJv1ng­ston tells how he got his name:

"I was born lo Headiand, Alabama, during the night ot November a, 1932, which was a presidenUal election night.

"In our town, my father and other Rooster Democrats (Alabama Dem­ocrats) always sat out front ot the l1very sijlble 011 election night and listened to the returns on the radio. LIke my six brothers and sisters be­fore me, I was born at home, not In a hospital.

"My father felt obligated to be near by; on the other hand he was about as staunch a Democrat as you could t1nd lo those partll. Clearly,

BY MARY MOULTRIE

Several speclals are scheduled for this week, among them an bour program called "The South." This show will deal with persooaJJUes, sights, and traditions In the South past and present.

SATURDAY, MARCH 26

1966 AMERICA'S JUNIOR MISS PAG­EANT--Four runners-up from among 50 cOIItestanta will compete in the na­tional finals, 7 p.m. Channel 10 In Mo­bile, Channel 12 in Montgomery , Chan· nel13 In Btrmlngbam,andChannel 15 In Florence.

SUNDAY, MARCH 27

BRANDED -- President Grant s us­pects bis assassination lB being PlaDDed, and uta Jasoo McCord to learn the IdenUt;y ot the plotters, 7:30 p.m. Channel 10 in Mobile, Channel 12 in Mootaomery, and Channel 13 In BirmlnCham.

WEDNESDAY, MARCH 30

ALICE IN WONDERLAND or What's A Nice KJd Like You Doinr In A Place

it was a contllct of events. They solved the problem by quitting the stable and bringing the radio and booze to our house.

"As the election and the birth got on, that bunch otDemocrats lnsisted on naming me for Al smith and F. Delano RO«ievelt, and my mother said later ~bat she was too tired to argue with them. Hence, the lnitials A.D."

LIte This?--An1mated mUlical specla1 featuring some ot the characters of car­toon land. VOiced by SammyDavIsJr., Hedda Hopper, Zsa Zsa Gabor, BUl Dana and Daws Butler, 7 p.m. Channel 3 in Pensacola, Fla.; Channel6ln Birm­Ingham, Channel 31 In Huntsville. and Channel 32 In Montgomery.

COLOR ME BARBRA- -BarbraStrel­sand stars In her second one- woman musical special, singing songs she has recorded. and songs from the musical comedy "Funny Girl," a p.m. Channel 4 In Dothan. Channel 13 In Birmingham, and Channel 20 lo Montgomery.

NO SAFE HARBOR: A REPORT OF THE BATTERED CHlLD--A report OIl

the drive for protective legislatiOll for children subjected to physical abuaeby parents, 9 p.m. Channel 6 In BirmlDi­ham.

THURSDAY, MARCH 31

THIS PROUD LAND--"The South" deals with this reetoo PUt and present. Joan Fountaine and Richard KIley wW read love lett.rs 01 Rachel andADdrew Jackson. SInger Dioone Wanrlek, Roy Aoutt, and Eddy Arnold will also appear, 8 p.m. Channel 3in Peuaco1a, Fla. and Channel 6 In Birmtnctwn.

MARC H 26-27. 1966 THE SOUTHERN COURIER PAGE THREB

WEEKEND WHOOPEE IN PANAMA CITY!!

PhoWRraphs by James H. Peppler

WHILE THElR TEACHERS WENT ON AN AEA CONVENTION WEEKEND IN BlRMINGHAM, STUDENTS WENT ON AN "AEA WEEKEND" SPREE IN FLORIDA.

PAGE FOUR

/;

- THAT'43 fOR ADAM CLAYTON POWELLI

Tl-tETARGET

THE SOUTHERN COURIER

As integrated life inAmerica be­comes a reality certain uniq ue problems must be considered. Not the least important of them Is the condition of being the ClonU­est" one. Since the population ratio Is about ten to one many of us will at one time or another be the "onliest" one. These car­toons depict some of the broader categories we will fall, jump, or be pushed into.

By Brumsic Brandon Jr.

~

·ONLIEgTn

I ~

Reprinted by permission from FREEDOMWAYS, A Quart~rly Review of the Negro Freedom Movement, pubUshed at 799 Broadway, New York, N. Y.

, DIDN'T SeE ATAIL. DID '(ou? yr----

tHE ICONOCLAST

MARC H 26-27, 1966

_O_U

,_TH...;::E:.:.!.R=-E'!.9 ~NO~~

BoDY HERE!

TUE INVISIBLE

HERE'9 C?OMEmING l=OR '(oU, 1'OM!

THE HONORARY WHITE

MARCH 26-27, 1966 THB SOUTHBRN COURIER PAGE FIVB

Two Negroes Vie for Same Office Prat~rillR Negroes Halt B\ MARY ELLEN GALE HuffmaD Is OIle ~ I Nep'O leader. be I'IIDDlIIr II there wereD't aomepeople 'hall, pre.ldent of the Eufaula' oterI .Pic ke, s flor Talks

UNION SPRINGS- "There'. a iTeat from Bullock and BaJ'uourCOWltt .. wbo whole th1Dt1DcsherllJl'tMDtII.Sbeaa1d Leque. The lelcUe bas r8lPatered posslbll1ty that neltber r4 them wUl dClll't llke the arlthll' tic at au. .be had DO plan4 to Melt an oftIce unW huDdreda of new Mep'o voter •• IDee the wiD," sald Rufus C. Huffman, a Neero Last week, the leaders voted WI&IIl- "eertalD leaders o! tile Macul COIIIlt:7 Votms Rtpts Act wuPUaed. leader in Bullock County. mously 10 lupport Reed and uk Mr.. Democratic Club came aDd uked me to

PRATTVILLE--The )OUIIC8r caner­ation toot over in Autaup county th1B week.

"It's not the mooo," an.awered samuel Jimison, 17, ~ North BlpJalld H1(h SChooL "U's what belonp to u under the COIl8tiluUIII cI. Ibe UIIUed States aDd the Ctvtl IUPtaA.etat 19&4."

He was talking about the only !woNe- Guzman to withdraw from the raee. ruR." gro candidates ID Alabama who are run- Huftlnan, hlmseH a caocl1date tor tax as- The Democrat1e Club Is to polltiee niDg against eaeh other for a state at- sessor in Bullock county,led thecom- what the TUatecee CIvic Auoc1attoa flce. mlttee that weDt up to Tuakesee to get ('rCA), Mac:oo County'lolciestaDdbe8t-

They are runnlDg in a district with a her answer. known civU rtptl croup, sa to civiC majority of Negro vo$ers. But It Isn't It took the committee about three actiOll. Tbe club's leaders al.o head a big enough majority to spUt two ways" hours. But Mrs. Guzman tb18 week TCA and the local branch of the NAACP.

The two candidates are Thomas Reed, summed UP her reply: Mrs. Guzman said they vlalted her a TUskegee buslnessman, and Mrs. "Neither Mr. Reed nor anybo<1Y else some time atter Reed qua11t1ed tor at-Jessie p. Guzman, a retired TUskegee can or w1ll force me out ~ the cam- flce and sbortly before the March 1 lDSutute professor. Both cI. them are pa1gQ. I'm ID tb1s race to stay." deadllne for candidates to eDter the seeklDg the same svat ID the state leg- Huffman said It wuo't & questiOll at DemocraUc prlmary. Islalure--Place No. lin the 31st House force but of common sense. "There ,,-t I didn't enter just to draw votes District (Macon, Barboor, and Bullock should not be competiUon between Ne- from somebodY elae," lbe added. "I counties). iToes 10 spl1t the vote," he said. th1Dk I can wiD. I tb1nIt they thought I

They are running against a man who W could wlD." " e're supportlDg Reed because he alreaJty sits In the state legislature-- wW bel» the poor people--aDd because The Bullock andBarbour county lead-Repr8li8ntative James L. Paulk r4UDlon he entered the race first. We doD'thave ers said Mrs. GUlmaD wClll't ret a vote gprlDgs" an axe to grlnd with Mrs. Guzman. But they can1DflUeDCe."Reed'sIOlBarboor

The 31st District has about 25,000 we tb1nIt Reed is the maD for the job," County," promised Mrs. Mary Mar-registered voters. Negroes ootnumber "Reed Is yOUDg and progressive," white voters by 1,000. added H. O. Will1ams, who Is a candidate

The arithmetic Is simple: I! Paulk for Bullock County sberlft. "The lady Is gets all the white votes, then one ofhls too conservative. ShedoesD'trepresent two Negro opponents wUl have to get the th1nk1ng of the masses of the pea­more than 90 per cent of the Negro vote pie,," to beat him. But Mrs. Guzman said she 'Wouldn't

Integrated Described to

Government Candidates

TIle 19 Nacro leaders bac:t1IIi Reed also repreaent the newly-formed Bar­bOur CCIWIty Pollt1ca1 Assoc1at1OD, wh1ch 1Dcludel the COIIIIty's 18 Necro caDdldatu, aDd the Bq110ck Countylm­provement Asaoe1atSol1,

But Mf .. Guzman lBD'tworrledabout It. She said there are other leaders-­teachers and preachers,.-who have in­vited her into the two counties to meet the P8<JPle.

"The people w1ll weigh what! have to say and what Mr. Reed bas to AY," she sald. "When they know the truth, they wW act accordlDglY."

Reed has been campalgnlng 12 to 14 hours a day over all three cmnfles. Mrs. Guzman admitted be bas a bead start but said sbe th1nks she Is catch1Dg up.

Neither she nor Reed was w1ll1Dg to talk frankly about their dl!fereoces. But they did comment In an lndirect way.

"You need somebody In Ibe lectsla­ture who reallY cares about the poor people, woo won't eet to s1pplDgteaand forget about them," said Reed. "You need somebody who w11l be capable of deallni with the whites,"

"You wantsomeonewhoiswell-qua!-1f1ed for the Job by education aDd 8lI:­

perlence," sald Mrs. Guzman. "I don't want anyone in otflce who doesn't mea­sure up--that I can't be proud oU'

MIllY Nerro YOUII(Sters stayed away from schoollD protest over the arrest of four Negro youtba for the alleIed beat1DI at two white teenqer. lutFrl­day DlIht. BoDIi was set It $3,aoo for each.

Three spokesmen for a new YOUlli people's c1vU rtgbts groupshowedupto present complalnts to member. at Prattv1lle's new bi-raclal committee. The adults had a few words to say too.

Necro leaders had agreed to halt demonstraUOIlB for ten day. until Mon­day, whOe tbebl-rac1al committee coo­siders complalnts.

At the courthouse lut Mooc1ay n1cht a halt dozeD members of the commlttee talked lIP froot In whispers for an hoar and a half whUe three c1vtl r1chUeaders sat In the front row watcb.1nr.

A fourth leader, WUlle Wood, is a member at the committee. He waalna back room with other members llsteD-1ng to complalnts from the three hlih school representatives.

After 90 mlDutes, the complete eco­nomic opportunity committee It the bl­rac1al group aweared aDd beard the youngsters for about a half bour.

"They want us to give them the mOOD," sald a white man on the commit­tee.

11Ie committee wrote down !be .... que.ts--Uke better acilDce eqa1pm1llt, accred1tatioo, a workshop, and better teacbera--and promlsed 10 send them to another committee.

Dan Houser, Autaup. SCLC presi­dent, stood up to tell the crOUP that It 'traSII't paved roads aDd .treet llCbts that PrattvUle Necroes want. "It's freedom. We want the law applled equally to all c1t1zeDs,"

He said it WIIBIl't fair not to release the names ~ white youths accused at beatlnr a Nacro wt mOl1th and at tile same time require a bCIId at $8,lIOOtor Necro boys "involved In a recuJar street ttcbt."

There was more at the same TUesdlly aDd Thursday DIP!, with !be three teeD­.,ers appearlDi before the 1ft enforce­ment committee.

Jemison, Nltrlc1a HadDat,and ISa1ah Hadnot c1em&llded protectica ~ Necro cltlzeos, an end to pol1ce brutaUty,aDd immediate hlrlnC d. Nacro pol1eemen with fUll authority to arrest whites and Narroes. Tbey asked theecOllOlDfcop­portunlty commlttee for better Job op­portunlties ID town.

ATLANTA, Ga.--At a meeting on how to hold various political <itices, aboot 3D Negro candidates trom Alabama were told that they shoold have contt­dence, they can't do any worse than the white man has done.

whites, but the number of registered voters Is about the same for eaehrace.

"We never sald beforehand whom we were golDg to vote for ," Riddick told the Alabama people. "After the reclstra­tioo rolls were closed we just happened 10 have someone announce his candida­Cy."

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For specialized training in Wide-Open Fields for much needed help!

That was the mflssage from the Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy, the Rev. Martin I uther KIng Sr., and other speakers at the workshop.

UN ow it is our turn, but we don't want to make a mess of it," Mr. Abernathy told the candidates last Friday night at Ebenezer BapUst Church in Atlanta, Mr. King's church.

The nen day, the candidates were in­

terested In "The Nansemood story," as told by Moses A. Riddick Jr., who sald he began Negro political organlzatiOllin 1945.

Nansemond County, in the peanut... growing area of southeast Virginla, DOW has 43 Negro officeholders (ot a total of more than 100 county oftlces)--more than any other county in the natioo.

How did Nansemond do it? Riddick, a member of the county

board of supervisors, said he concen­trated all ~ his early efforts and mooey in sections with the largest Negro popu­lation. Nansemond, near Norfolk, Va., has about 20,000 Negroes and 1l,500

ATLANTA (CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE)

old deputies." He sald he hoped to have Negroes and whites on his force, I! elected.

Candidates for tax assessor In Ma­reDgo County, Mrs. Ann BaXton, and In Bullock County, Rufus Huffman, then took the fioor from the sherl!f candi­dates 10 promise a reappralsal of all the property In the county so that the ap­praisal ls falr to all people.

A reporter asked whether electing in­experienced Negroes to afrlce would mean bad government for a whUe.

Albert Turner, Alabama state d1rec­tor for SCLC and candidate for state representative from SUmter, Marellio, and Perry counties, had a few words to say about that:

"I couldn't truthfully say there wouldn't be some retrogresslDg. It 18 almost impossible to elijlect help from white pollUcians.u

"But I have found that many of our people, even with UtUe edUcation, catch on awtully fast. OUr set-backs wUlnot be greater than our gains."

~ 't:0 covers

Next '7 cacbeted covera commem­oraUDa 0GI1 tbe major U.S. '1*1' acb!evemtDtI tor ,'.00 adYlIICt cit­POIlI. SPAC! CRAFT COVERS, p,O. Box ave, Huuua,tOD, W. V .. la'lU, UAA.

Riddick sald he threatened ecooomic reprisals and barga1Ded with whites. For lnstance, be called ott a challenge to the sherl!f when his brother, John, was named a deputy in 1951. Nanse­mond now has four Necroes 00 the sherUt's full-time staH of seven.

"We made the old sherlft our friend," he says.

"We were always IDterested In a. good liberal white man. YOU can't hit a man when he's dawn. WekDewthewhiteman had taken a big defeat. We didn't rub it in," Riddick said.

For Your GROW

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(CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE)

shook each other's hands, and talked loudly and happily. Nettles slipped out as soon 18 be got a cbance.

Thoa nen day Nettles slgned arrest warrants for Earl Helton, Jerry Kent, and Mayor T. A. Black of Beatrice. The three were arrested and freed on $200 baod each.

AccordlDg to h1a brother B1ll, Stall­worth gave this account of the March 12 beatlni:

Stallworth was driving down a street in Beatrice late Saturday afternoon when a white maninanothercarfIagged him down. Tbe driver sald the man slt­tlDg on U1e rlrht wanted to see him.

When Stallworth walked around to that Side, Mayor Black jumped out, hesald, and hit him twice with a pistol on the side ~ h1a head. The four other men got out and began klCklllg and beat1llg him.

Stallworth's week-long attempttoget medical treatment Is a slory in itself.

Saturday night, the night of the beat­big, Stallworth was taken 10 the Monroe­ville Hospltal and sentirom there to the olflce of Dr. Francls Nlcbols. Accord­lDC to h1s wile, Mrs. Betty Lou1se stall­'Worth, he walted unill after 9 p.m.-­about two hours--wlthoutbeing treated.

sunday, Mrs. Stallworth Bald, heWIS

"ELECT A:'i EXPERIENCED BUSINESSMAN" (of 41 years)

Vote For

JOHN A. PRICE As Your Commissioner

For

BOARD OF REVENUE of MACON COUNTY. DISTRICT I

(PAID POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT BY JOHN A. PRICE TUSKEGEE)

VERY IMPORTANT WHAT

THOMAS REED will do for the people of Macon, Barbour, and Bul­lock counties if elected to

The Hou8e of Repre8entatives

318t District THOMAS REED will seek

1. Higher weHan payments. 2. Laws placlni pubUc health nurses in ea.ch county to check the

heal th cI. school chUdren. 3. An end to capltal punishment. 4. Laws providlDg state jobs for people unable to find work. 5. Laws removing state prisoners from publlc work projects. 6. Higher pay tor school teachers and state employees; more

mOlley for state schools. 'I. Laws permlttlDr 18-year-olds to vote. S. Free textbookS for college students who are Alabama residents. 9. A central medical facWty to provide medlcal hiatorles for state

residents. 10. More state mOlley tor trade schools--OIl8 to be located ID Macon,

Bullock, or Barbour county. 11. Laws bannI.Di minora other than lep.l witnesses from contro­

verslal court cases and hearings. 12. CiUzen support for PresldeDt Johnson's policy on Viet Nam.

And THOMAS REBD will open offices in Macon, Bullock, and Barbour counties permitting the people to oome in and tell me what they want me to do for them.

Dem. primary, May 8 Pd. Po1. Adv. by Thomu Reed, 'l'UakeIee, Ala.

taken to Mobile, 100 mUes south, but could not get treatment at Geueral Hospital there. They stayed overnlCht, and Monday then went to a doctor who said he wasn't allowed to take such a case, Mrs. Stallworth said.

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Wednesday night Robert Valder and Lewis Black, staff members r4 the Alabama councU on Human RelatiOllB plcked up Stallworth near Enterprise, 70 mUes southeast of Beatrice, and took him to Montgomery, 95 mUes north of Beatrice.

151 Lee Street Montgomery p. O. ~405'1

They first trled SI. Margaret's Hos­pital, where a doctor gave Stallworth a "cursory check," accordlDg to Valder, and told Black 11 was an "asplrln case." Valder sald he asked for a written state­ment saying that and was refused.

---------------------------------I am interested in the opportunities in the career checked. I would like to apply for complete infor­mation without obligation.

o IBM Key Punch Cl IBM Clerical [J Executive Secretary CJ IBM Computer ProgrammlDg Cl General omceO Clerk Typlst Thursday they took stallworth to Dr.

Jefferson Underwood in MOIltgomery. Dr. Underwood had the man admitted to st. JUde's Calbollcl!ospital, ands8!d he would have to be hospitalized for a week or more for close examlnatlon.

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•

. -

PAGE SIX THE SOUTHERN COURIER MARCH 26-27, 1966

NAACP Blasts Feds, Teachers, Preachers

BY DAVID R. UNDERHILL

MOBILE -- "Building the Great Soc iety in the Local Community" was the theme of the NAAC P Region V 14th annual con­vention, held here last Thursday through Satur­day.

But the theme might as well have been "The NAACP vs. the Federal Govern­ment, Negro Preachers, and Negro Teachers."

The delegates--about 200 altogether from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mis­Sissippi, North Carolina, South Caroll­na, and Tennessee--cheered when Mis­sissIppi field director Charles Evers stood up and shouted at some Negro fed­eral otflclals at the head table:

"Negroes are not allowed toparticl­pate equally in federal programs In Mississippi, because the federal gov­ernment has not done Its job. It's doln' what It's always dooe, makin' excuses. They're usin' the same racists, the same bigots theY've always had In the surplus tood program."

"We're spendln' $4 million a day to murder people in Vle1nam, but we can't spend $100 for these poor people in Mls­slsstppl."

"We're ftghtin' the whites over in Mississippi right now, but we'll fight you too, If we have to."

The delegates also cheered when a man from Georgia said, "I think the day has come that we dosomethtn' about our ministers. I say any minister who won' t get up in his pulpit and preach for clvll rights, he should get his pay and be sent looldn' for another job."

He was cheered again when he added, "You're gonna have to talk to your Ne­gro teachers too." A delegate from Jacksonville, Florida, stood up and sald, "Pm a school teacher."

"Hallelujahl" someone shouted, "at least there's one."

"We've been boycotting the schools for two days now," the teacher said. "Il's cost the school system $122,000 alreadY."

The audience cheered ooce more. During three days ot meetings and

speeches on subjects ranging from vot­Ing and employment to unpaid dues,

these three subjects--the federal (OV­

ernment, preachers, and teachers-­came up again and again.

A few people suggested solutions to the preacher and teacher problems. One man sald his father used to tell him, "If the mule Is too mean to work, t.alce the corn out of the trough."

The man guaranteed this solution would work almost every time with preachers. Teachers were a harder problem, he sald. The school boards supply their corn.

Another man said something had to be done, one way or another, because "none of us can be free until the lowest one among us Is free."

Many people ottered solutions to the federal government problem "because all these washington Negroes are here, and we want them to know they and the whole damn government aren't doing the job," explained a disillusioned dele­gate.

Greene Election Issue:

"It's the government's own fault, In a way," said J.E. Wllmore from the Memphis office of the U. S. Civil Rights ~ommlsslon. "When the civil rights bills passed, Washington put out all these grand press releases about what the new laws would do. It hasn't hap­pened that way, and so everyllody's mad."

New Negro Deputy Seven or eight federal offiCials gave

speeches or were on panels during the convention.

They would usually explain how fed­eral programs are supposed to work In the SOuth, and then someone In the au­dience would usually get up and say the programs aren't working that way.

(CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE)

ness and conviction about his bid for office.

"The reason I want to be sheriff Is to give my chlldren and the rest ot the chUdren In the Negro community some­body they can look up to wi thout being afrald. I want them to understand that the law need not be feared, but that law oUlcers are friends."

"I know that I can keep peace In this county and enforce the law the way It should be enforced. And any violator-­no matter what color be Is--wll! be brought In.''

"Pm notlooldngfor any trouble. When someooe has to be ar rested,I'U call him up and aslt him to come in. I'm not plaJlll1Dc to go gunning for anyone."

"When I appoint my deputies I'm not golnCtohaveany racists--whlte or black --worldna with me. I'm not a racist myself, and I won't put up with anyone that lB."

GUmore sald he worries sometimes, but tbaP be smiled and said, "But this is GJlmore and Pm gOing to winl"

On the ground fioor of the court house Is the sheriff's oUlce. The outer office is usually filled with local men playing dominoes, but the inner otf1ce is strict­ly for bUSiness.

The present sheriff, Lee, is a large man who looks llS a small-to'Wll sherUf is expected to look. He played profes­sional football with the Green Bay pack­ers, and be bas a caullfJower ear from bls professional wresWng career.

Sheriff Lee is a saft-spoken man, In­spite of bls tough appearance.

He has the air of a very refined Southern gentleman. His reputation among both whites and Negroes In Greene seems to bear this out.

There has been no record ot club swinging on his part. Leedoesnotwear a uniform, and he does not carry a gun.

Tbe otflce ot sherlff Is a family heri­tage for the Lees. A Lee bas been sher-1ft for 45 coosecutlve years begtnning with Bll! Lee's father.

The present sheriff became a deputy In 1950 wilen bls brother, Frank, was sheriff. In 1955 Frank began worlt1ng with the state government In Montgom­ery, and Bll! Lee was appointed to the position of sherltf. He has been elected for two terms since that time.

Last week, Lee appointed the first Negro deputy, Howard Brown, a ",ell­to-do cattleman. There have been ru­mors that this appointment was a poli­Ucal move, but Lee vigorously denies this:

"I've been looking for a Neg~odeputy since last May, and I told Gilmore so last May. I just hadn't found anybody who was Qualified to fll! the POSition un­tlilast week. I asked Brown to do it and he said yes."

"I need a colored man as a deputy. But Brown isn't really doing me any favors. That nigger is sacrlllcing him­self because he's got money from his own business and he surely doesn't need this job."

He said that Brown was getting along "just fine." Everybody seems to Uke him, and Lee sald that the people ot Greene were agreeable to his choice. He sald that people had stopped him on the street to congratulate him, and lie has received cards and phone calls sup­porting the appointment.

Lee calls himself a moderate, al­though he admits, "The federal govern­ment has forced me to tJ moderate." But he sald that he has no complaints. "It Is the law, and I enforce It."

"AS loac as these n1gfers can quallly to run, I doo't care. NOW, GUmora's a Greene county Boy. I've had deaJ1ngs with him at the demOll8traUou. rve found that be's an averace colored fel­low with averare inteWrence. U be 'ADa. to run for aherlft, that Is bIB pre-

rogative." The day after the Negro candidates

announce<! their intentioos to run for ot­flce, 250 copies of the KuKlux Klanpa­per, "The Fiery cross," were left on the steps ot the church where weekly mass meetings are held. Rumors of Klan reorganization have been circulat­Ing in the county. Sheriff Lee com­mented:

"There Is no Klan in Greene County. Oh, we have a few boys who talk tough, but It doesn't really mean anything. I wouldn't be surprised If they (SCLC) printed up those papers themselves and put them out. They have their own printing place, you know. I think Gil­more's just attracting attention. No­body's going to burt GHmore."

lf Gilmore Is elected sheriff, Lee plans to retire to his cattle business. He has been in the business for 25 years and be tald ha W~ welCODIIIlUI IIlICWie to reUre. Althoalh Lee is tctlvely seeking reelection, he said he Is doing it because he feels the people expect him to.

Seeking the office ot tax assessor ot Greene County Is the Rev. Percy McShan, a Lutheran minister and teach­er.

The polltical plctureinGreeneCoun­ty Is bright for Negroes. There are now 3400 registered Negro voters, and about 2000 white voters.

If all goes according to Gilmore's plan, three of the four ground-floor of­fices in the neat white court house 00

the town square ot Eutaw will be occu-led b Ne roes.

Most of the criticism was aimed at the Department of Agriculture, the Small Business Ad{TIinistratlon, the surplus food program, the new SChool desegregatlon guidelines, and slow en­forcement ot the laws against discrimi­nation in employment.

Some of the critiCism was almed at Negro federal oUlclals. "There's a lot of colored that when they get these big jobs, they turn whitel" said John W. Nixon of Birmingham, outgoing NAACP chairman for Region V.

All the federal officials admitted that the government bas not been dOing enough, and all said they were trying to do more.

One even sald, "I agree with you. I wish you would put some pickets around the federal government. Bring the pres­sure to bear on my agency. I welcome It, and I will help you."

Nixon said, "We have put our walking shoes up for a while, but we can get them out and walk again, to Washington or anywhere else."

At the last business session of the convention, Rutledge Pearson, tile Jacksonvllle teacher who told the dele­gates about the school boycott there, was elected the new chairman of Region V.

He was one ot the leaders of the boy­cott, and his NAACP branch has just been picketing the government in Wash­ington.

HOW TO EN.JOV

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PlliANelAL H.ADQUAIIT ••• I

ALABAMA EXCIUNGE BAl!K Member

Federal Reserve System and Federal Deposit Insurtlnoe Corporation

P.O. Box 728 Tuskelee, Alabama We Ar, Gn BqU4l Opportumt, ~mplor.,.

In Junior Achievmtent

Mobile Business Training Project Open to White Youths Only

BY DAVID R. UNDERHILL MOBILE--When c1vU rights organi­

zations ask stores, banks, and factories to hire Negroes as clerks and managers instead ol as maids and laborers, they are otten told that no qualified Negroes have applied.

The civil rights organizations usual­ly reply that there are plenty of Negroes capable of doing these better jobs 11 only the businesses would give them a chance and a little training.

Sometimes the businesses do, but the Junior Achievement (JA) program here Indicates that big firms In Mobile are more interested in preparing whites than Negroes.

JA Is a business tra1n1ng and edUca­tlon program tor high school students. More than 100,000 students participated last year, Including about 2,500 Alaba­ma students.

In each city where JA operates, groups ot aboo t 20 students organize and run small businesses during the school year with the help of three advisors trom one of the established local busi­nesses that support the program.

The students set up the J A companies jus t like a big corpbration. They have stockholders, a board ot directors, elected ottlcers, and workers. They

manufacture small products like door mats, recipe holders, and battery jump­er cables. Then they sell these pro­ducts around town.

Mobile's JA started In 1963 with 30 students from six high schools. It now has 550 stUdents from eight high schools working In 22 JA companies.

The companies operate out ota build­ing downtown equipped with workshops and office space. Assembly programs, given each tall in the participating high schools, tell the students about JA and Invite them to join. "We present the program In the main public and Cathollc high schools," said JA executive di­rector Tom Myers.

Then he listed the schools. They were the main white publlc and Catholic high schools In the Moblle area.

Myers hopes to have enough money and space to bring an additional high school into the program next year. But he doesn't expect It to be a Negro high school.

Junior Achievement's local board of directors, composed chiefly of busi­nessmen, has never proposed that any Negro high school be brought into the program. Myers says the question bas never come up In a board meeting.

One reason for this, Myers sald, Is

that when JA began in Mobile "It had to rely on the advice of the superintendents of education, public and Catholic."

"I said, 'Where do we start?' and they said, 'Start bere.' "

The head of JA's board ot directors, A, F. Delchamps Jr., an officer of the supermarket chain based in Mobile, adds another reasoo--money. JA needs about $30,000 a year for administrative expenses.

De1champs says that only white busi­nessmen have been asked to contribute and that "I wouldn't know where to start" to get cootrlbutions from Negro businessmen.

JA has gone only towblteschoolsbe­cause, "we primarily thought we should first be sure that we covered the area trom which our contributions came."

Hundreds of white students would llke to join JAbutcan'tbecausetheprogram does not have room for them. There are no current plans to bring in Negrohlgh schools. "It'll be quite some tlme,l'm sure," says Delchamps, before any Ne­gro schools will be Invited.

Delchamps and Myers say they are very pleased with JA because it gives students valuable experience with busi­ness management and because It shows the advantages 01. the private enterprise system ot economics.

Delchamps and Myers both say that the percentage ot students with serious doubts about the private enterprise sys­tem Is much higher among Negroes than whites.

VOTE FOR Otie Pinkard

MOBILE'S JUNIOR ACHIEVEMENT OPEN ONLY TO CERTAIN STUDENTS

for Tax Collector Macon County

Democratic Primary May 3 (Pc!. PoL Adv. by QUrPtnkard,'

Tuskegee, Alabama)

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