the skin and beyond: skin and soft tissue infections
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The Skin and Beyond: Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Presentation to: Infectious Disease Update for the Primary Care Physician Methodist Healthcare John Sinnott, MD, FACP Associate Dean, International Affairs Director, Signature Program in Allergy, Immunology and Infectious Disease - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Skin and Beyond:Skin and Soft Tissue
InfectionsPresentation to: Infectious Disease Update
for the Primary Care PhysicianMethodist Healthcare
John Sinnott, MD, FACPAssociate Dean, International Affairs
Director, Signature Program in Allergy, Immunology and Infectious DiseaseDirector, Division of Infectious Disease
University of South Florida, College of Medicine
Pretentious Quote:
… [T]he skin has diseases, one of those diseases is man.
Friedrich Nietzsche
In General: Skin Lesions
Tumors Rashes
Melanoma:
•A symmetric•B order — irregular•C olor — pigment variable•D iameter > 0.5 cm
Skin Infections:LAYER INFECTION
Epidermis Impetigo
Dermis Erysipelas
SubQ Cellulitis
Fascia Fasciitis- (NSTI)
Muscle Myositis- (NSTI)
Pathogens:
•Impetigo contagiosum – GAS
•Impetigo bullosum – Staph•Erysipelas – GAS•Cellulitis – Staph, GAS•Fasciitis – GAS, Mixed•Myositis – Clostridia
CA-MRSA: NB• CA – MRSA is increasing
and may become more like HA-MRSA
DM, prisoners, contact sports are old risk groups; now everyone is at risk
Variant Cellulitis: Bites or Water !
Human Bite: GAS
AnaerobesDog Bite: C. canimorsus
P. multocida
Cat Bite: P. multocida
Saltwater: V. vulnificusM. marinum
Fresh water: E. tardaA. hydrophila
Edwardsiella: Treatment
• All edwardsiella naturally sensitive to: • Tetracyclis, aminoglycosides, most B-
Lactams, quinolones, antifolates, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin
• All edwardsiella naturally resistant to:• Macrolides, lincosamides,
streptogramins, glycopeptides, rifampin, fusidic acid, and oxacillin
Stock I, Wiedemann B. Natural Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Edwardsiella tarda, E. ictaluri, and E. hoshinae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2001 August; 45 (8): 2245-2255.
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition. Kasper D, Braunwald E, Fauci A, et al, Eds. 134: 6. 2006
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections: “NSTI’S”
•Meleney's synergistic gangrene
•Clostridial anaerobic cellutis
•Clostridial gas gangrene•Necrotizing fasciitis
•Type 1 NF- polymicrobial (Fournier’s)
•Type 2 NF- Grp A Strep (IVIG, HB O2)
Gas in Soft Tissue:
•Non-bacterial Causes•Trauma / Surgery•Air Injection
•H2O2 Irrigation
•Bacterial•Glucose Fermenting
Diagnosis NSTI’s:•Serial exams!•Serial exams!•Soft tissue X- ray, MRI, CT•Low threshold for surgery
•Full thickness frozen-section Bx
•Direct visualization•Gram stain
Management and Therapy:•Hemodynamic stabilization,
nutrition, lytes, fluid resuscitation, oxygenation
•Early, aggressive and repetitive debridement
•Early, aggressive and repetitive debridement
•Hyperbaric tx•A-B’s
37 y/o male with alcoholic cirrhosis admitted for RLE cellulitis; DX necrotizing fasciitis, BCX grew Group Strep A
37 y/o male with alcoholic cirrhosis admitted for RLE cellulitis; DX necrotizing fasciitis, BCX grew Group Strep A
37 y/o male with alcoholic cirrhosis admitted for RLE cellulitis; DX necrotizing fasciitis, BCX grew Group Strep A
Miscellaneous Dermatologic Manifestations of Disease:
• Pseudomonas folliculitis• Herpetic Whitlow• Herpes Gladiatorum• Molluscum Contagium• Seborrheic Dermatitis• Secondary Syphilis
“We know too much and believe too little.”
T. S. Elliot
END