the skeletal system part ii. bone development slide 5.12 copyright © 2003 pearson education, inc....
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Skeletal System Part II. Bone Development Slide 5.12 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Osteogenesis (ossification)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052509/56649d345503460f94a0b30e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Skeletal SystemPart II
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Bone DevelopmentBone Development
Slide 5.12Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Osteogenesis (ossification) = the process of bone tissue formation
In embryos this leads to the formation of the bony skeleton
In children and young adults, ossification occurs as part of bone growth
In adults, it occurs as part of bone remodeling and bone repair
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Changes in the Human SkeletonChanges in the Human Skeleton
Slide 5.12Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
In embryos, the skeleton is primarily hyaline cartilage
During development, much of this cartilage is replaced by bone
Cartilage remains in isolated areas
Bridge of the nose
Parts of ribs
Joints
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Bone GrowthBone Growth
Slide 5.13aCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Epiphyseal plates allow for growth of long bone during childhood
New cartilage is continuously formed
Older cartilage becomes ossified
Cartilage is broken down
Bone replaces cartilage
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Bone GrowthBone Growth
Slide 5.13bCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones are remodeled and lengthened until growth stops
Bones change shape somewhat
Bones grow in width
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Long Bone Formation and GrowthLong Bone Formation and Growth
Slide 5.14aCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 5.4a
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Long Bone Formation and GrowthLong Bone Formation and Growth
Slide 5.14bCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 5.4b
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Types of Bone CellsTypes of Bone Cells
Slide 5.15Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Osteocytes Mature bone cells
Osteoblasts Bone-forming cells
Osteoclasts Bone-destroying cells
Break down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium
Bone remodeling is a process by both osteoblasts and osteoclasts
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Bone Remodeling and Modeling
http://youtu.be/0dV1Bwe2v6c
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Bone FracturesBone Fractures
Slide 5.16Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
A break in a bone
Types of bone fractures
Closed (simple) fracture – break that does not penetrate the skin
Open (compound) fracture – broken bone penetrates through the skin
Bone fractures are treated by reduction and immobilization
Realignment of the bone
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Bone FracturesBone Fractures
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Common Types of FracturesCommon Types of Fractures
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Compression FracturesCompression Fractures
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Depression FractureDepression Fracture
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Compacted FractureCompacted Fracture
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Spiral FractureSpiral Fracture
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Greenstick FractureGreenstick Fracture
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Repair of Bone FracturesRepair of Bone Fractures
Slide 5.18Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Hematoma (blood-filled swelling) is formed
Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus
Fibrocartilage callus is replaced by a bony callus
Bony callus is remodeled to form a permanent patch
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Stages in the Healing of a Bone Stages in the Healing of a Bone FractureFracture
Slide 5.19Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 5.5
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Anatomy of a Fracture
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5HwYWShBhw&list=UUDCWgYMRqAQL8uqghy328-g