the shenandoah valley campaign march-november 1964

8112019 The Shenandoah Valley Campaign March-November 1964

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullthe-shenandoah-valley-campaign-march-november-1964 156

The US Army Campaigns of the Civil War

the

March ndash November 983089983096983094983092



CMH Pub 75ndash14

Cover The Battle of Cedar Creek by Julian A Scott (Vermont State Curator)



by Raymond K Bluhm Jr

Center o Military History United States Army

Washington DC 2014

the






5

Introduction

Although over one hundred fify years have passed since thestart o the American Civil War that titanic conflict continues tomatter Te orces unleashed by that war were immensely destruc-tive because o the significant issues involved the existence o the

Union the end o slavery and the very uture o the nation Tewar remains our most contentious and our bloodiest with oversix hundred thousand killed in the course o the our-year struggle

Most civil wars do not spring up overnight and the AmericanCivil War was no exception Te seeds o the conflict were sownin the earliest days o the republicrsquos ounding primarily over theexistence o slavery and the slave trade Although no conflict canbegin without the conscious decisions o those engaged in the

debates at that moment in the end there was simply no way topaper over the division o the country into two camps one thatwas dominated by slavery and the other that sought first to limitits spread and then to abolish it Our nation was indeed ldquohal slaveand hal reerdquo and that could not stand

Regardless o the actors tearing the nation asunder thesoldiers on each side o the struggle went to war or personalreasons looking or adventure being caught up in the passions

and emotions o their peers believing in the Union avoringstatesrsquo rights or even justiying the simple schoolyard dynamico being convinced that they were ldquoworthrdquo three o the soldierson the other side Nor can we overlook the actor that some wentto war to prove their manhood Tis has been and continuesto be a key dynamic in understanding combat and the proes-sion o arms Soldiers join or many reasons but ofen stay in thefight because o their comrades and because they do not want to

seem like cowards Sometimes issues o national impact shrinkto nothing in the intensely personal world o cannon shell andminieacute ball

Whatever the reasons the struggle was long and costly andonly culminated with the conquest o the rebellious Conederacy



6

the preservation o the Union and the end o slavery Tesecampaign pamphlets on the American Civil War prepared incommemoration o our national sacrifices seek to rememberthat war and honor those in the United States Army who died topreserve the Union and ree the slaves as well as to tell the story othose American soldiers who ought or the Conederacy despitethe inherently flawed nature o their cause Te Civil War was ourgreatest struggle and continues to deserve our deep study andcontemplation

RICHARD W SEWARChie Historian



7

Shenandoah Valley CampaignMarchndashNovember 1864

Strategic Setting

As 1864 began the outlook was grim or Conederate

President Jefferson Davis and his generals Te encouraging victories in 1863 at Chancellorsville Virginia and ChickamaugaGeorgia were diminished by the repulse o General Robert ELeersquos Army o Northern Virginia at Gettysburg Pennsylvaniaand by the all o Vicksburg Mississippi Te signs were clear thatthe Conederacy had lost the strategic initiative Davis now hadto conserve Southern resources to fight a deensive war He hadto hope that either Union deeats in 1864 would bring the North

to the negotiation table or that a war-weary Northern electoratewould oust President Abraham Lincoln rom office in Novemberand replace him with someone willing to make peace

On the other hand the strategic outlook or the Union in1864 was promising Te previous year had ended on a positivenote Te Federal Army o the Potomac had ended off Leersquosnorthern invasion and orced the rebels to retreat to centralVirginia In the Western Teater three Federal armies coordi-

nated by Maj Gen Ulysses S Grant had won a signal victory atChattanooga ennessee in November 1863 and were pressingtoward the Conederate industrial and rail center at AtlantaGeorgia Impressed by Grantrsquos aggressive command style andsuccess Lincoln brought him to Washington in early March 1864



8

to take command o all Federal armies He promoted Grant to therank o lieutenant general and named him general in chie o theUS Army creating unity o command or all Union field orces

When Grant arrived in Washington he ound Maj GenGeorge G Meadersquos Army o the Potomac acing Leersquos Army oNorthern Virginia across the Rappahannock and Rapidan Riversrom Fredericksburg to Culpeper Virginia In addition to thismain area o operations was Virginiarsquos Shenandoah Valley a criticalregion or both sides west o the Blue Ridge Mountains

THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY

Geography gave the Shenandoah Valley or simply ldquothe

Valleyrdquo a unique strategic role in the Civil War Te Valley extendsor about one hundred sixty miles through western Virginia andinto West Virginia between the Blue Ridge Mountains on the eastand the Allegheny Mountains on the west Te northern or ldquolowerrdquoend o the Valley terminates in West Virginia at the PotomacRiver At approximately midpoint Massanutten Mountain dividesthe Valley lengthwise or about sixty-five miles into two narrowparallel valleys Te west valley retains the name Shenandoah

Valley while the east valley is usually called the Luray Valley Sincethe Valley offered any invading rebel orce a covered approach to

Massanutten Mountain by Edwin Forbes(Library of Congress)



9

Washington Baltimore and other Northern cities Lincoln andhis generals watched or Conederate activities in the Shenandoahand the threat they might pose to the US capital In act Leersquos twoinvasions o the North in 1862 and 1863 had used this route

In the 1860s the Valley had a relatively well-developed roadand rail network Te Valley Pike the statersquos only hard-packedrock or ldquomacadamizedrdquo road ran the length o the Valley TeShenandoah Valley also had several unctioning railroads and anearby canal Te Union-controlled Baltimore and Ohio (BampO)Railroad ran along the banks o the Potomac River at the northend o the Valley along with the parallel Chesapeake and Ohio(CampO) Canal ogether the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and

CampO Canal were the backbone o the main Federal supplyline rom the Midwest Teir protection was a top priority orLincoln

Most agricultural supplies textile goods and raw materialsbound or the eastern Conederacy came by train Te VirginiaCentral Railroadrsquos tracks connected Richmond to the ShenandoahValley and on to Covington in the Allegheny Mountains Anotherrailroad the Virginia and ennessee ran northeast rom ennessee

into southwestern Virginia crossed the New River on a massivewooden bridge and continued east to Lynchburg and RichmondTe Virginia and ennessee trains went as ar south as Atlantalinking Richmond with the western Conederate states A sectiono the Orange and Alexandria Railroad on the eastern slope o theBlue Ridge Mountains connected Lynchburg and CharlottesvilleTe combination o a developed transportation network agricul-tural productivity the presence o iron lead and salt mines and

its useulness as an easy south-north avenue to both Washingtonand Richmond made the Valley and southwest Virginia a valuableasset or the Conederacy to protect and the Union to control

GRANTrsquoS GRAND CAMPAIGN PLAN

Within days o his appointment as general in chie Grantprepared a major spring campaign He hoped to take advantageo the Union Armyrsquos numerical superiority with a coordinated

oensive that would strike the Conederates simultaneously onseveral ronts He envisioned the Federal armies as three greatstrategic ldquowingsrdquomdashlet center and right he let wing was theArmy o the James concentrated near Yorktown Virginia andcommanded by Maj Gen Benjamin F Butler It was to march



10

up the James River to approach Richmond rom the south-east he right wing which consisted o Maj Gen William Shermanrsquos western armies in Georgia and ennessee wasordered to advance against Atlanta Grantrsquos center wing wasMeadersquos Army o the Potomac located along the Rapidan Rivernorthwest o Richmond hat army was to make the mainFederal thrust against Lee and Richmond However it was ona political tether that required it to be interposed between Leeand Washington DC

In a secondary role to support Meadersquos Union offensive wasthe Department o West Virginia located west o the Blue RidgeGrant intended its units to disrupt Leersquos supply lines by cutting

the railroads in western Virginia with the added goal o drawingsome o Leersquos orces away rom Richmond Newly appointed MajGen Franz Sigel commanded the department Sigel had beeneducated at a German military academy and saw brie service inthe European revolutions o 1848 Afer fleeing to America helived in St Louis Missouri and enjoyed strong connections to thelarge German community

Despite poor military per-

ormances in several previouscampaigns Sigelrsquos politicalconnections were strong enoughto protect him rom relie romduty Although the Departmento West Virginia was a militarybackwater Sigelrsquos departmentwas nonetheless a complex and

difficult one to command Mosto his orces were short-term volunteers or state troops strungout in small detachments toprotect the Baltimore and OhioRailroad in western Marylandand northern West Virginia Hisoutposts also acted as an alarm

or any Conederate invasionacross the Potomac GivenSigelrsquos reputation and limitedresources Grant expected little

General Sigel (Library of Congress)



11

rom him in the way o support but was determined to use all possibleassets in his grand campaign

In early April Grant began issuing detailed orders or theupcoming campaign and on 4 May 1864 the great offensive beganldquoTe Armies were now all ready to moverdquo Grant observed andldquothey were acting as a unit so ar as such a thing was possible oversuch a vast fieldrdquo Te Army o the Potomac crossed the Rapidanand marched to challenge Lee in the area west o Fredericksburgknown as the Wilderness Sigel also made preparations to partici-pate in the upcoming operations

INITIAL MOVEMENTS AND PREPARATIONS

Other than small raids and skirmishes there had been littlemilitary activity in the Valley since Leersquos army passed through it inJuly 1863 Conederate Brig Gen John D Imboden led the smallValley District Brigade with less than three thousand men in scat-tered locations to keep watch on Union activities and i given thechance to raid the Baltimore and Ohio trains tracks and depotsIn addition Conederate partisan units led by Lt Col John SMosby and Capt John N McNeil threatened Union rear areas and

made orays against small Union detachmentsDavis and Lee worried about a threat to their Valley supply

lines but aced with an anticipated Union offensive againstRichmond they had ew resources to spare or their security InFebruary 1864 Davis appointed Maj Gen John C Breckinridgeto command the Conederate Department o Western Virginiawhich included Imbodenrsquos district with responsibility to deendthe Shenandoah Valley protect the railroads and block any Federal

attempt to approach Richmond rom the west Breckinridge hadserved in the Mexican War without seeing action He had laterentered politics and had served as US vice president (1857ndash1861)and then as a US senator rom Kentucky until he joined theConederacy in 1861 Breckinridgersquos headquarters was at Dublinin southwestern Virginia His department roster listed about eightthousand men including Imbodenrsquos brigade o bolster the Valleyrsquosdeenses Brig Gen John H Morganrsquos brigade o cavalry came

rom ennessee to protect the Virginia and ennessee Railroad and valuable lead mines near Wytheville VirginiaSigel also took command o his department in March 1864

with headquarters at Cumberland Maryland He brought alongtwo ellow Germans rom his old staffmdashBrig Gens Max Weber



12

and Julius Stahel Weber became Sigelrsquos chie o staff while theHungarian born Stahel was named chie o cavalry with the ranko major general At mid-March Sigelrsquos troops totaled twenty-our thousand men most assigned to security duty or the BampORailroad wo semi-independent detachmentsmdashone o aboutthirty-five hundred inantrymen under Brig Gen George Crookand the other a cavalry brigade o nearly three thousand troopersled by Brig Gen William W Averellmdashwere encamped nearCharleston West Virginia almost two hundred miles to the south-west Aware o Grantrsquos intention or a general campaign and keento participate in the action Sigel began pulling together a third fieldorce rom various garrisons guarding the railroad o strengthen

the reduced security orces he ordered construction o additionalblockhouses and entrenchments at key locations along the rail lineand at Harpers Ferry West Virginia

Grantrsquos campaign orders arrived at Sigelrsquos headquarters on 29March carried by Maj Gen Edward O C Ord Te new ordersdirected Sigel to assemble a orce o ninety-five hundred inantry

General Averell (Library of Congress)

Lithograph of General Breckinridge(Library of Congress)



13

cavalry and artillery with ten daysrsquo rations at Beverly WestVirginia over one hundred miles southwest o Cumberland Underthe command o Ord this orce would advance into the Valley tocut the Virginia Central Railroad at Staunton Virginia At the sametime Crook and Averell (with Crook in overall command) wereto cut the Virginia and ennessee Railroad destroy the New RiverBridge near Dublin Virginia and prepare to continue east to attackLynchburg Sigel was to ollow Ord with the armyrsquos wagon train osupplies or a rendezvous with Crook at Staunton Ord howeverquickly grew impatient with Sigelrsquos slow pace and obtained romGrant a reassignment in mid-April

On 17 April as Ord lef Sigel decided to take his place He

received new instructions rom Grant or the coming campaignwhich ordered him to make a diversionary threat against Stauntonand the Virginia Central Railroad Sigel was to go no arther souththan Winchester or perhaps Cedar Creek ten miles arther southso as to remain a protective orce or Washington and the Baltimoreand Ohio Railroad Te intent was to draw Conederate units northaway rom Crook and Averell who were the actual raiding orcesCrookrsquos target remained the Virginia and ennessee Railroad

bridge while Averell planned to destroy the large saltworks nearSaltville Virginia Following their attacks the two columns were tounite at Staunton

Beore the end o April Sigel had five divisions in hisDepartment o West Virginia two inantry two cavalry and amixed reserve division Sigel placed the reserve troops at HarpersFerry and in outposts along the BampO route on trains as escorts andon armored railcars He retained personal command over two field

divisions o about seven thousand men the 1st Inantry Divisionunder Brig Gen Jeremiah C Sullivan and the 1st Cavalry Divisionled by Stahel Sigelrsquos other two divisions were Crookrsquos inantry andAverellrsquos cavalry in West Virginia Reinorcements raised their totalstrength to some ten thousand men but supplies were short andwagons and horses were in poor condition

Despite Sigelrsquos energetic efforts the Federal high commandhad little confidence in him Te Union Armyrsquos chie o staff Maj

Gen Henry Halleck wrote ldquoIt seems but little better than murderto give important commands to men such as Sigelrdquo NeverthelessLincoln kept Sigel at his post in order to shore up political supportamong German-Americans thousands o whom were serving inUnion armies at the beginning o 1864



14

Operations

OPENING MOVES

On 29 April Sigel lef his camp near Martinsburg WestVirginia and cautiously headed south on the Valley Pike with histwo field divisions and a large wagon train His troops reachedWinchester three days later Alerted to Sigelrsquos advance Imbodenasked Lee and Breckinridge to send reinorcements to the Valleyassembled his Conederate brigade at Mount Craword and calledup the local militia Imboden gathered about ourteen hundredmen rom local reserves to add to his own fifeen hundred veteransand then marched north to Woodstock to delay Sigel Meanwhile

on 2 May Crook began moving his inantry division toward theValley rom West Virginia and Averellrsquos cavalry ollowed threedays later

In early May General Breckinridge was in a quandaryConederate signal stations and scouts in the mountains to thewest alerted him to the approach o Crook and Averell rom WestVirginia At the same time Sigelrsquos advance rom the north threat-ened Staunton and the Virginia Central Railroad President Davis

and General Lee directed Breckinridge to join with Imboden toblock Sigelrsquos advance so Breckinridge immediately ordered hisscattered units to concentrate at Staunton Te Union plan to drawConederate orces away rom Crook had worked ( Map 1)

Meanwhile two hundred miles to the south Averell andhis two thousand Union cavalrymen rode toward Saltville Ashe neared the town early on 8 May his scouts brought in pris-oners who divulged that Brig Gen William E ldquoGrumblerdquo Jones

and Morgan were waiting ahead with a large Conederate orceUnwilling to risk a major encounter ar rom any reinorcements orlogistical support Averell turned away rom Saltville and headednortheast toward his next objective the lead mines and rail acili-ties at Wytheville On 10 May as Averellrsquos troopers rode througha narrow gap near Cove Mountain north o Wytheville they raninto Morganrsquos orty-five hundred Conederate deenders In a our-hour cavalry battle the Federals were unable to break through the

Conederate deenses As darkness ell the combatants disengagedand Averell low on supplies withdrew northeast to find CrookOn 9 May afer days o rain and fify miles o hard mountain

marching toward the Valley Crookrsquos Union inantry divisionfinally reached Cloydrsquos Mountain five miles rom Dublin Facing



15

the Federals was a hastily organized Conederate orce o twenty-our hundred men under Brig Gen Albert G Jenkins who hadplaced his men with a couple o cannons in positions to blockthe road as it crested a spur o the mountain In a hard-oughtengagement an assault by the brigade o Col Rutherord B Hayesfinally overcame the rebel deenders Te Conederates suffered500 casualties including the mortally wounded Jenkins whileCrook lost 688 men Te remaining Conederates withdrew overthe New River Bridge as Crook advanced into Dublin where hismen captured a large supply depot and destroyed the Virginia andennessee tracks

Te next day Crook burned the New River Bridge His orce

remained in the area long enough to demolish additional mileso railroad track and other acilities Despite the earlier plan towait or Averell Crook withdrew to West Virginia later claimingthat he had received word o a large Conederate orce en routeto attack him Averell reached Dublin ound Crook gone andcontinued into West Virginia eventually joining Crookrsquos troops atUnion on 15 May

In the lower Shenandoah Valley Union orces began to

move southward along the Valley Pike Sigelrsquos divisions slowlyadvanced rom Winchester on 9 May By late afernoon on 11May Sigel reached Woodstock where he gained an intelligencecoup when he ound a pile o telegrams waiting or Imboden atthe telegraph office Tese messages revealed that Breckinridgewas still at Staunton two days away Sigel saw that i he movedast enough he had an opportunity to reach New Marketand then march south to capture Staunton or move east over

Massanutten Mountain and through the Luray Valley to supportGrantrsquos operations near Spotsylvania Sigel had not planned togo beyond Woodstock but by extending himsel he had a chanceto gain some avorable attention rom his superiors He decidedto continue his march up the Shenandoah Valley He had athis disposal two brigades o cavalry under General Stahel fivebatteries o artillery and one inantry division led by GeneralSullivan Te oot soldiers consisted o two brigades under Col

Joseph Toburn and Col Augustus Moor Altogether Sigelrsquosarmy numbered approximately nine thousand menSigel stirred to action on 14 May He ordered Moor to make

a reconnaissance up the Valley Pike toward Mount Jackson overtwenty miles away Since all Moorrsquos regiments were on detached



K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May

CLOYDrsquoS MOUNTAIN9 May

B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R

29 Aprilndash17 May 1864

S I G E L rsquo S D E F E A T

0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Confederate Movement

Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a

l l e y M a s s a n u t t e nM o u n t a i n

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E

R o c k fi s h G a p

Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R

V i r g i n i a C e n t r a l R R

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18

duty he was to take two regiments rom Toburnrsquos 2d BrigadeAlthough some Union cavalry was operating in advance Moorwould be mostly on his own with his mixed orce o inantry regi-ments cavalrymen and an artillery battery o six guns Lackingintelligence maps and scouts his orce was beyond supportingdistance by Sigel Despite his misgivings with the mission Moorhad his detachment on the pike headed south on 14 May NearEdinburg he met one o his own regiments along with Col JohnE Wynkooprsquos three hundred cavalry troopers and a section ohorse artillery Tis brought Moorrsquos combined strength to overtwenty-three hundred men Moor sent Wynkoop ahead to linkup with the advanced cavalry that had already driven Imbodenrsquos

Conederates south out o New Market

THE BATTLE OF NEW MARKET

Late on 14 May Moor took up positions just north o NewMarket on Manorrsquos Hill On his right (west) flank he placedCapt Chatman Ewingrsquos battery o West Virginia Artillery Inront o Ewing and lower down the slope two inantry regimentsormed Moorrsquos main line Capt Alonzo Snowrsquos Maryland battery

o light artillery supported the lef (east) flank A third inantryregiment stood behind the main line Moor posted Wynkooprsquoscavalry in the town and notified Sigel that New Market was clearo the enemy Sigel ordered his other units to advance beoredawn the next morning

Moor anticipated an early morning attack by ImbodenrsquosConederates At 0300 on 15 May he called orward another o hisbrigadersquos regiments that was on picket duty at Edinburg eighteen

miles north and at least six hours away Back at Woodstock withSigel were the remnants o Sullivanrsquos and Stahelrsquos divisions greatlyreduced by detachment to other duties At 0500 Sullivan movedtwo regiments and three artillery batteries south on the pikeStahel departed Woodstock later with Col William B ibbitsrsquocavalry brigade while Sigel and his staff dallied until about 0800beore riding southward

Beore dawn on 15 May Breckinridge rode into Imbodenrsquos

camp south o New Market to take command Following him bytwo hours were six Virginia inantry regiments in two brigades abattalion o over two hundred cadets rom the Virginia MilitaryInstitute (VMI) some dismounted cavalry our artillery batteriesand a two-gun artillery section rom VMI Counting Imbodenrsquos



19

horsemen Breckinridge commanded a orce o about fify-threehundred men and sixteen artillery pieces

As the rainy day opened Breckinridge prepared his orces ora possible Union attack He placed Brig Gen John Echolsrsquo inantrybrigade which included the VMI cadets on the lef (west) Helocated Brig Gen Gabriel C Whartonrsquos inantry brigade on theright (east) close to the pike and on the ar right to the south oNew Market was Imbodenrsquos brigade

Breckinridge was unsure o the size o the Union orce heaced He tried to draw out Moor with artillery fire and cavalryprobes Although Moorrsquos guns returned fire he reused to committo ull battle His mission had been reconnaissance and now that

the enemy was located Moor wisely chose to wait or Sigel and themain Union orce About 0830 Stahel arrived in New Market withibbitsrsquo cavalry brigade Moor passed field command to the moresenior Stahel and returned to fight with his detachment Displeasedwith Moorrsquos disposition o troops Stahel began relocating themwhich caused conusion and uncertainty in the Union ranks Waryo the situation and unaware when Sigel or reinorcements wouldarrive Stahel soon withdrew his cavalry rom New Market

Finally at 1000 Breckinridge lost his patience ldquoI have offeredhim battle and he declines to advance We can attack and whipthem here and Irsquoll do itrdquo Te Conederate general ormed anecheloned assault line o almost orty-two hundred men hiddenby the hills and misty rain About 1100 the Conederate inantryadvanced across the soggy ground toward the Union position atdouble-quick time through Union artillery fire to reach temporarysaety in a low area at the base o Manorrsquos Hill Te our compa-

nies o inexperienced cadets however marched at a slower pacein a mass ormation making easy targets and suffering their firstcasualties Echols and Imboden advanced on the right toward NewMarket Te southern brigades then rested while Breckinridgerepositioned most o his artillery to a location near the pike

General Sigel galloped onto the field about 1200 just as theConederate advance resumed When Moorrsquos line began to waverunder the Conederate artillery fire Sigel decided to withdraw

about a hal mile north to new positions closer to Bushongrsquos HillAs Moorrsquos inantry moved back some men became disorganizedor disheartened and continued to the rear all the while underartillery fire rom Breckinridgersquos guns By 1400 Sigelrsquos batteredregiments had regrouped on Bushongrsquos Hill where three artillery



20

batteries massed on the higher west flank In the Union centerwere our inantry regiments and on the lef flank east o the pikeStahel had re-ormed his cavalry division

In pouring rain Breckinridge ordered a general assault Onthe lef Whartonrsquos brigade with the VMI cadets moved orwardwhile Echols advanced on the east side o the pike As Whartonrsquosinantry appeared the Union artillerymen fired their guns withdouble canister Te blast halted the attack Near the Bushong armthe advancing Conederates took heavy casualties and sought covernear the armrsquos ences One regiment ought orward a hundred yardsor so beore it was orced back leaving a gap in the Conederateline Breckinridge had already committed his reserve battalion and

advised that his attack was about to ail he was compelled to send inthe VMI cadets ldquoTen put the boys in and may God orgive merdquo

About 1500 Sigel detected a wavering in the Conederate lineand ordered a counterattack but battle noise and Sigelrsquos shoutingorders in German caused many o his commanders to misun-derstand him In the chaos o combat he became distracted withplacing regiments and lost control o his battle line Te rebelsquickly repulsed Sigelrsquos uncoordinated attack At the same time

on the Union lef Stahel sent his two thousand cavalrymen in acharge against the Conederate cannons and inantry on the pikebut double-loaded canister and heavy rifle fire wrought havoc onthe Union men and horses stopping the assault in its tracks

Meanwhile to protect his artillery rom the Conederate fireSigel ordered his batteries to pull back to a new position WithUnion fire now slackened Breckinridge saw his opportunity andordered the general attack resumed Whartonrsquos brigade reinorced

by the VMI cadets swept orward into the Union line Toburnrsquosand Moorrsquos regiments ell back as some made a fighting retreat tothe guns while others broke and ran Fortunately or Sigel CaptHenry A du Pont had positioned his battery along the pike behindthe battle line and provided covering fire or the retreating troopsas the Union line collapsed Sigel decided to withdraw his deeatedarmy entirely

Breckinridge halted the Conederate advance to regroup his

disorganized and tired troops which gave Sigel enough time to retreatnorthward with his supply train intact He arrived at Cedar Creekon 17 May having lost over eight hundred men including manyabandoned wounded and five cannons Breckinridge lost about fivehundred thirty killed and wounded including sixty-one cadets



21

Te Union deeat at New Market restored Conederate controlo the Shenandoah Valley and allowed Southern troops to move tomore threatened scenes o action Lee ordered Breckinridge andhis division to help deend Richmond and sent Morgan back toennessee Te VMI cadets returned to Lexington and Imbodenwas again lef with his small brigade to guard the Valley

HUNTERrsquoS OPERATIONS FROM PIEDMONT TO LYNCHBURG

Upon receiving news o the Union deeat at New MarketLincoln and Secretary o War Edwin M Stanton suggestedreplacing Sigel with Maj Gen David Hunter General Grantquickly agreed ldquoBy all means I would say appoint General Hunter

or anyone else to the commandrdquo Hunter was a West Point graduateand had served in the Mexican War Early in the Civil War he hadadvanced in rank to major general o volunteers and divisioncommander An ardent abolitionist and vocal Lincoln supporterhe was wounded at First Bull Run in 1861 and then served inMissouri and Kansas

Afer Sigel was relieved o command on 19 May Hunterarrived at his headquarters near Cedar Creek two days later with

orders rom Grant to take command o the Department o WestVirginia and regain control o the Valley Specifically he was tocut Leersquos western supply lineby seizing Staunton blockingthe Virginia Central line andthen turning east to capturethe key rail and road junc-tions at Charlottesville and

Gordonsville Grant also hopedHunterrsquos operations woulddraw at least an equal-sizedConederate orce away romLeersquos army conronting the Armyo the Potomac Lincoln with apolitical eye on his German-American supporters asked

Hunter to ldquoretain the Dutch insome position i possiblerdquo soHunter assigned Sigel to leadhis reserve division and taskedWeber to command the Harpers

General Hunter (Library of Congress)



22

Ferry garrison He wanted to replace Stahel and Sullivan neithero whom had perormed well at New Market but Halleck reusedthe request

Union reinorcements arrived at Cedar Creek in the daysafer New Market which brought Hunterrsquos field strength to abouteighty-five hundred men and twenty-one cannons In WestVirginia Crook and Averell also received some resh troopshorses and supplies and prepared their orces to join Hunter atStaunton ( Map 2)

On 23 May Hunterrsquos army advanced to Woodstock wherethe general received urther orders rom Grant to destroy keyConederate logistical acilities including Charlottesville and

Lynchburg Afer that Hunter was either to return to the Valleyor to continue east to link up with the Army o the PotomacTe Federals entered New Market on 29 May and halted thereor two days Hunterrsquos offensive prompted General Lee to callor reinorcements to deend the Valley In response GeneralJones whose three thousand Conederates were camped aroundWytheville prepared to move northward to stop Hunterrsquosadvancing column

Hunter continued south and occupied Harrisonburg on 2June expecting to join with the troops under Crook and Averelleven firing signal rockets into the air at night to alert the twocavalry commanders o his armyrsquos location Hunterrsquos chie ostaff Col David H Strother suggested leaving the pike and goingsoutheast rom Harrisonburg toward Port Republic Tis wouldavoid having to orce a crossing o the North (now Maury) Riverthrough Conederate deenses south o Harrisonburg At Port

Republic Hunter could cross the Shenandoah River and captureWaynesboro thus cutting the Virginia Central Railroad passagethrough the Blue Ridge to Charlottesville Te Union commanderaccepted Strotherrsquos plan

While Hunter paused or two days at Harrisonburg GrumbleJones arrived to take command at Imbodenrsquos camp near MountCraword on 4 June He brought two inantry brigades with artil-lery and shortly thereafer Brig Gen John C Vaughn arrived

with a ennessee cavalry brigade Te assembled Army o theValley District numbered about orty-five hundred men and twobatteries o artillery Te rebel commanders agreed to attack theseparated Union orces beore Hunter Crook and Averell couldunite at Staunton



23

Early on 4 June Hunter started his army moving again andsent his engineer 1st Lt John R Meigs with a cavalry orce southon the pike toward Staunton as a deception Te rest o the armyturned southeast toward Port Republic where it captured a wagontrain and destroyed Conederate supplies But while Hunterrsquostroops marched to Port Republic Imboden had moved to MountMeridian about three miles south o Port Republic to block theFederalsrsquo progress Jones and the main rebel army moved aboutseven miles west o Hunter on the Valley Pike cutting off thatdirection With the Shenandoah River at his back Hunter now hadConederate orces in his path to Waynesboro to the south andStaunton to the west

O urther concern Hunterrsquos troops still had not met withthe divisions o Crook and Averell as expected Days earlier on30 May Crook put his division on the road rom Lewisburg WestVirginia to Staunton and Averell ollowed with his 2d CavalryDivision on 2 June However the passage over the West Virginiaroads was slow and difficult made worse by constant harassmentby Conederate skirmishers rom the mounted brigades o BrigGen John McCausland and Col William L Jackson As Hunter

crossed the South River at Port Republic both Crook and Averellwere still days away rom Staunton

Early on 5 June Hunter set his command marching south romPort Republic At 0500 Stahelrsquos 1st Cavalry Division led the columnon the road toward Waynesboro through a misty rain Sullivanrsquosinantry ollowed with two brigades under Moor and Toburn Anhour later Union scouts detected Imbodenrsquos rebel pickets and openedfire catching the rebels by surprise Te Conederates retreated and

both sides committed more troops in a conused pistol-saber mecircleacuteeFinally the Virginians broke and fled One Union cavalrymanrecalled that ldquothe Johnnies immediately started on southward and asort o go-as-you-please fight conducted at all velocities rom a deadstop to a rattling gallop ensuedrdquo

Imboden rallied his men north o the village o Piedmontten miles rom Waynesboro and deployed in an open area on theeast side o the road General Jones had taken a deensive position

there with fify-five hundred men to ace Hunterrsquos Federals whonumbered about eighty-five hundred troops When Jones arrivedImboden advised withdrawal to a better position but Jonesreused saying that they would fight there and that he ldquocan whipHunter anywhererdquo



L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E

Ba l t imore amp Oh io RR

V i r g i n i a amp T e n

n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

P E N N S Y L V A N IP E N N S Y L V A N I

W E S TV I R G I N I A

V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


M a s s a n u t t e nM o u n t a i n

T y e R i v e r G a p

e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D

21 Mayndash9 July 1864

H U N T E R M O V E S T H R O U G H T H E VA L L E Y

0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26

Hunter deployed his troops in ront o the rebel lines withMoor on the right (west) and Toburn on the lef and massed hisartillery to fire on Jonesrsquo position Around 1200 Moorrsquos reinorcedbrigade charged the Conederate lef and center several times butJones countered the Union assault ollowed by heavy fighting inthe fields north o the town Wynkooprsquos cavalry brigade dismountedand joined Moorrsquos brigade on the right or a renewed attack

Meanwhile Colonel Toburn led an attack on the rebelsrsquo rightflank with three Union regiments moving into a gap in the enemylines caused by Jones when he earlier shifed troops to the lef tomeet Moorrsquos attacks Toburnrsquos Federals hit the Conederate linerom a concealed position in a ravine Afer severe fighting and

an unsuccessul attempt by the Conederates to stem the Unionadvance with reserves Jonesrsquo men began to flee to the rear in panicDuring this chaos General Jones was killed Union cavalry troopscaptured almost one thousand prisoners and three cannons Asection o Imbodenrsquos artillery and part o Vaughnrsquos rebel cavalrymanaged to take a delaying position south o Piedmont andstopped the Federal cavalry rom urther pursuit o the retreatingConederate army Union losses were about eight hundred orty-

five killed wounded or captured while the Conederates lost oversix hundred fify killed and wounded and about one thousandcaptured It was the most significant Union victory in the Valleyto date

Afer Vaughn notified Lee o the deeat at Piedmont Lee orderedBreckinridge to move his division west rom near Richmond todeend Rockfish Gap the most direct route through the Blue Ridgeto Charlottesville Breckinridge put his small division on the road

while Vaughn and Imboden retreated to Waynesboro In a messageto Davis Lee warned that ldquoi we cannot restrain the movements othe enemy in the Valley he will do us great evilrdquo

Hunterrsquos army spent the night at Piedmont and then marchedto Staunton on 6 June Crook and Averell arrived there romLewisburg on 8 June which brought Hunterrsquos strength to abouteighteen thousand men and thirty artillery pieces MeanwhileHunter made several command changes Brig Gen Alred N

A Duffie a ormer French army officer replaced Stahel as thecavalry division commander when the latter went to Martinsburgto recover rom a wound he received at Piedmont Col George DWells replaced Augustus Moor as commander o 1st Brigade 1stInantry Division when Moor returned to Ohio with his regiment





28

engineers soon put up a pontoon bridge or the soldiers to enter thetown

Federal troops looted and burned the abandoned VMI build-ings as well as the home o Virginia Governor John Letcher Teyalso ransacked nearby Washington College but did not burn it indeerence to the collegersquos namesake Hunter lingered in Lexingtonor two days waiting or Duffiersquos detachment to join him as his menoraged confiscated supplies and destroyed military stores iron-works and ordnance warehouses

Reports rom the Valley caused Lee grave concern or hissupply source and rail lines Always a risk taker he decided to thinhis lines at Cold Harbor and send a major orce rom his army to

retake and hold the Shenandoah Valley In addition to protectingthe Valleyrsquos railroads and arms he hoped to carry the war north othe Potomac once again On 12 June Lee met with Lt Gen Jubal AEarly the new Second Corps commander to discuss this initiativeA West Point graduate ldquoOld Juberdquo had spent five years as an artilleryofficer beore he lef the Army in 1842 Tough not a secessionistwhen Virginia lef the Union Early had sided with the South Hewas a fighter by nature and had seen regimental to division-level

action where he earned a mixed record o perormance He hadtaken command o Second Corps and had been promoted to lieu-tenant general only weeks beore his meeting with Lee

Lee ordered Early to sliphis corps and two attachedartillery battalions quietlyaway rom the Army oNorthern Virginia and into

the Shenandoah Valley Hewas to get north o Hunter andldquostrike Hunterrsquos orce in therear and i possible destroy itrdquoand then cross the Potomacand threaten WashingtonOn 13 June Early marchedhis Second Corps west

toward Charlottesville eightymiles awayWhile Lee and Early

gathered orces to protect theShenandoah Valley General

General Early (Library of Congress)



29

Hunter sent Averell to secure Buchanan and the bridge overthe James River there Just ater Duiersquos troopers inallyarrived at Lexington on 14 June Hunter renewed his march toBuchanan where retreating rebels had burned the bridge heslow pontoon bridge wagons were ar behind so Union engi-neers rebuilt the damaged bridge or the troops artillery andwagons Late in the day on 15 June Hunterrsquos men crossed theBlue Ridge and came within sight o Liberty about twenty-ivemiles west o Lynchburg

Alerted to Hunterrsquos threat Breckinridge let RockishGap and arrived at Lynchburg on 16 June with twenty-onehundred men here he ound a variety o units that included

the ormer brigades o Grumble Jones the VMI cadetslocal reserves and wounded soldiers recovering in localhospitals Maj Gen Daniel H Hill a ormer Conederatecorps commander was also in town and helped organize thetownrsquos deenses In addition Maj Gen Robert Ransom Jrbecame Earlyrsquos cavalry commander to direct Imboden andMcCausland Breckinridge telegraphed Early over sixty milesaway at Charlottesville o Hunterrsquos imminent attack Early

ordered the dispatch o all available Orange and AlexandriaRailroad trains to Charlottesville to expedite the movemento his troops to Lynchburg On 17 June Earlyrsquos men began toarrive at Lynchburg including the Second Corps divisions oMaj Gen Stephen D Ramseur Maj Gen John B Gordonand Maj Gen Robert E Rodes

On the ollowing day Union troops assaulted Lynchburgrsquosdeenses but Hunter could ind no weaknesses in the rebel

lines An attempt by Crook to strike the Conederate rightlank also ailed Later a surprise counterattack by Earlyrsquosnewly arrived brigades hit the Union lines but was repulsedater heavy ighting Crook and Averell encouraged Hunterto continue the battle or the city but Hunter decided to waituntil the next morning to attack Later that day the Unioncommander became convinced that Earlyrsquos Second Corps oeight thousand men actually numbered twenty thousand and

decided to abandon his operations to capture Lynchburg beorehe was hit by a ldquosuperiorrdquo orce He ordered his supply wagonsback to the Valley and alerted his commanders that the armywould soon withdraw By midnight 18 June the Union troopswere marching back to Liberty





31

EARLY BEGINS TO MOVE NORTH

Afer Hunter retreated rom Lynchburg Early moved withLeersquos consent north to the Shenandoah Valley At Staunton hereorganized his orce into two sections Breckinridge commandedone element composed o his old division (now led by GeneralEchols) and Gordonrsquos division Early retained direct control othe other which included Ransomrsquos division o two thousandcavalry troopers three artillery battalions and inantry divisionsled by Rodes and Ramseur Earlyrsquos total strength was over twelvethousand men ( Map 3)

Afer spending a day to rest and refit on 23 June Earlyrsquos troopsmarched north toward the Potomac River He moved quickly

and undetected by Union scouts until he occupied Winchesteron 2 July In response Union troops under General Sigel evacu-ated Martinsburg and withdrew to Maryland Heights across thePotomac rom Harpers Ferry General Halleck was determined tohold Harpers Ferry and telegraphed General Weber the garrisoncommander that ldquothe first man who proposes a surrender orretreat should be hungrdquo Early moved into Martinsburg where hismen ound large stores o abandoned rations Tey filled their

haversacks and wagons and on 5ndash6 July Earlyrsquos troops crossed thePotomac into Maryland using several ords west o Harpers Ferry

Senior Union officers disbelieved the first reports o Earlyrsquosadvance On 2 July Grant telegraphed Halleck that Earlyrsquos corpswas still with Lee and that ldquothere are no troops that can now bethreatening Hunterrsquos departmentrdquo Early knew he had limited timebeore the Federal commanders reacted He made only eints nearHarpers Ferry while raiding parties destroyed nearby Baltimore

and Ohio Railroad and Chesapeake and Ohio Canal acilitiesEarly also sent McCausland and his cavalrymen to HagerstownMaryland with orders to levy ldquoa contribution o $20000rdquo torepay damage caused by Hunterrsquos army in Virginia On 8 Julythe Conederates crossed South Mountain and advanced east toFrederick Maryland

BATTLE OF MONOCACY AND THE ADVANCE ON WASHINGTON

As the Conederates moved eastward anxiety in Baltimoreand Washington was at panic level With Hunter ar to the westMaj Gen Lewis Wallace commander o VIII Corps and theMiddle Department headquartered in Baltimore was the closestsenior officer Like Sigel Wallace had been sent to a rear depart-



2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y

STEPHENSONrsquoSDEPOT

20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E

S o u t h M o u n t a i n

S n i c k e r rsquo s G a p

V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg

AlexandriaWASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

P E N N S Y L V A N I AP E N N S Y L V A N I A


M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A

23 Junendash7 August 1864

E A R L Y rsquo S C O U N T E R A T T A C K

0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33

ment considered a backwater with a corps o untried short-termstate units Washington itsel was no better deended with only askeleton garrison afer Grant had sent most o the heavy artilleryregiments rom its orts to reinorce Meadersquos Army o the Potomacas inantry When a steady flow o reports convinced Grant thatEarly posed a real threat to the capital he quickly withdrew BrigGen John B Rickettsrsquo 3d Division VI Corps rom siege opera-tions at Petersburg and sent it to Baltimore Tis division o twobrigades arrived on 8 July and took trains to Monocacy Junctionon the BampO Railroad a ew miles rom Frederick where Wallacewas assembling his troops along the Monocacy River Wallaceknew his orces were ldquoprobably too small to deeat [Early] but

certainly strong enough to gain timerdquoIn two days Wallace pieced together a blocking orce o about

fify-eight hundred men and positioned it with a battery o sixguns along the east bank o the Monocacy several miles east othe rail junction wo road bridges and a rail bridge spanned theriver Wallace positioned Rickettsrsquo brigades on the south flank withthe mission to block the Georgetown Pike and its covered bridgeand the nearby Baltimore and Ohio iron train trestle He placed

a separate Maryland Home Guard brigade commanded by BrigGen Erastus B yler part o VIII Corps on the north flank tohold the Baltimore Pike and itsstone bridge and he establishedstrong outposts on the west sideo the river

Early was unsure o the sizeo the Union orce he aced as

he advanced warily toward theMonocacy on the morning o 9July At Frederick he demandeda ldquocontributionrdquo o $200000 tokeep rom burning the town withwhich city officials compliedMeanwhile Rodesrsquo division ledthe advance along the Baltimore

Pike wo miles to his south-east Ramseur moved along theGeorgetown Pike Breckinridgersquostwo rebel divisions advanced onthe Conederate right flank with

General Wallace(Library of Congress)



34

Echols in reserve Ramseur halted his advance at the west end othe Georgetown and BampO bridges which were guarded by twostrong blockhouses and earthworks Supported by a single artil-lery piece and ordered to hold the bridge at all costs the stubbornUnion soldiers stood ast While Early could ill afford any delayshe was keenly aware he had to conserve his strength He concludedthat ldquothe enemyrsquos position was too strong and the difficulties ocrossing the Monocacy under fire too great to attack in rontwithout greater loss than I was willing to incurrdquo

While Ramseur ought to take the two bridges McCauslandscouted the south end o Rickettsrsquo position He ound a ordover the river and his brigade quickly splashed across to secure

a oothold on Rickettsrsquo lef Gordonrsquos men then crossed to joinMcCauslandrsquos advance In response General Wallace orderedRicketts to burn the covered bridge to block Ramseurrsquos advanceHe realigned his Federal division lef to ace Gordonrsquos oncomingtroops but it was too late Afer two hours o fierce fighting rebeltroops overwhelmed Rickettsrsquo brigades and orced them backAbout the same time Ramseurrsquos division captured the blockhousesand rushed across the BampO trestle Te entire Union line ell back

to the right where ylerrsquos brigade held the stone bridge open Onceacross Wallace withdrew the Federal orce east toward BaltimoreBy 1700 Early had his entire army over the Monocacy but thestubborn Union resistance had cost him a day Te Conederateswere still some thirty miles rom Washington and had lost aboutseven hundred men along the banks o the Monocacy RiverFederal losses were twelve hundred eighty including one thousandmen captured Stanton relieved Wallace o command or his deeat

at the hands o Earlyrsquos rebels and replaced him with General OrdTe next morning 10 July Early resumed his advance withhis hungry men oraging as they marched Many soldiers droppedout o their ranks rom atigue and the oppressive summer heat By11 July Conederate cavalry arrived at Silver Spring the Marylandplantation o US Postmaster General Montgomery Blair on thenorthern edge o Washington DC McCausland scouted the rightflank o the nearby Union deenses while Brig Gen Bradley

Johnson and Imboden took their brigades to the lef Early arrivedabout 1200 to examine the Federal earthworks which he saw werethinly manned He ordered Rodes to attack immediately but ittook Rodes too long to prepare his exhausted and scattered men oraction As Early watched Federal reinorcements moved into the



35

orts and the opportunity was lost Early ound the Union deensesldquoto be exceedingly strong and consisted o inclosed orts orheavy artillery with a tier o lower works in ront o each piercedor an immense number o guns As ar as the eye could reachthe works appeared to be o the same impregnable characterrdquo

On the night o 11 July Earlyrsquos inantry numbered about tenthousand men with only a third fit or action He planned an assaultagainst the Union ortifications in the morning but soon learnedthat resh units rom two veteran Federal corps had arrived in hisront Maj Gen Horatio G Wright and two o his VI Corps divi-sions along with two additional XIX Corps divisions led by BrigGen William H Emory now occupied Washingtonrsquos northern

deensive lines At dawn the next morning Early observed thenew troops within the Union lines while his own orce came underheavy artillery fire and aggressive skirmishing rom the Federalsrsquopositions around Fort Stevens two miles south o Silver SpringWithin this ort President Lincoln was also watching the action

Early recognized that any chance there had been to breachthe Union deenses was gone and he gave orders to withdraw oncedarkness ell Nevertheless he had achieved one o Leersquos prime

objectivesmdashto draw Federal troops away rom the Petersburg rontWith Ransomrsquos cavalry as his rear guard Earlyrsquos troops headed or

crossing sites over the Potomacdownriver rom Harpers Ferryand a return to Virginia

RETURN TO THE VALLEYCOOL SPRING STEPHENSONrsquoS

DEPOT AND SECOND KERNSTOWN

Other than small cavalrypatrols that nipped at the heels oRansomrsquos rear guard the Federalpursuit o Early was conusedand sluggish Eventually Grantappointed General Wright to

ldquosupreme command o all troopsmoving out against the enemy regardless o the rank o othercommandersrdquo Wright tookcommand o a orce o fifeen

General Wright (Library of Congress)



36

thousand men rom two divisions o his VI Corps led by BrigGen David A Russell and Brig Gen George W Getty and tworom Emoryrsquos XIX Corps under Brig Gen Benjamin S Robertsand Brig Gen Cuvier Grover Rickettsrsquo 3d Division o VI Corps

in Baltimore also joined Wright at Leesburg Virginia MeanwhileEarly crossed the Potomac marched through the Blue Ridge southo Harpers Ferry and was back in the Shenandoah Valley by 17July His troops camped near Berryville about ten miles east oWinchester

Using Baltimore and Ohio trains Huntermdashstill commandero the Department o West Virginiamdashfinally arrived back atHarpers Ferry on 15 July with advance elements o his troops that

had retreated rom Lynchburg Halleck ordered him to assemblean ad hoc orce and to coordinate with Wright to trap Early inthe Valley a blow to Hunterrsquos pride because he had seniorityover Wright Insulted Hunter asked to be replaced as depart-ment commander but Lincoln intervened and assured Hunterthe awkward situation was temporary

Hunter disbanded the Reserve Division and sent both Sigeland Stahel back to Washington ending the ldquoGermanrdquo presence

in the department leadership Meanwhile General Crookassumed command o the Department o West Virginiarsquos ieldorces involved in the pursuit o Early acting under Wrightrsquosorders Crook dubbed his command the Army o the Kanawhawhich was scattered about the Valley Averellrsquos 2d Cavalry

Fort Stevens(Library of Congress)



37

Division with Col Isaac Duvalrsquos brigade rom the 2d InantryDivision held positions at Martinsburg while the divisions oSullivan and Duie camped around Halltown West Virginia aew miles southwest o Harpers Ferry Sullivan had orders romHunter to march his 1st Inantry Division south to join Wrightbut Sullivan made no attempt to obey the order When Crookarrived at Sullivanrsquos camp on 16 June to take ormal commandhe ound the troops unprepared to move and lacking any campsecurity He relieved Sullivan and placed hoburn in charge othe division

On 17 July Crook reported to Wright with his twodivisions (hoburnrsquos 1st Inantry Division and Duiersquos 1st

Cavalry Division) and two additional inantry brigades (ColJacob Campbellrsquos o Crookrsquos 2d Inantry Division and ColJames A Mulliganrsquos rom the disbanded Reserve Division)Wright instructed Crook to secure Snickerrsquos Gap in the BlueRidge Mountains south o Harpers Ferry and to send Duiersquoscavalry on a reconnaissance to Snickerrsquos Ford one o severalthat crossed the Shenandoah River at the west side o the gapWright planned or VI Corps to use this gap and cross the ord

while XIX Corps used other nearby gapsBy 1200 on 18 July Duffiersquos men secured Snickerrsquos Gap and

at 1400 they descended to Snickerrsquos Ford However when Duffietried to cross heavy fire rom Gordonrsquos rebel division on the westbank turned him back twice Alerted to the Union presence Earlyshifed his divisions around Berryville to meet the threat At thesame time Toburnrsquos Union division marched about three milesupriver to Island Ford (Judge Parkerrsquos Ford) where it succeeded

in crossing the Shenandoah against a small Conederate orceOnce across Toburn encountered additional enemy troopsunder Breckinridge and Rodes at a arm called Cool Spring Insharp fighting Toburnrsquos regiments collapsed and many soldiersfled some into the river to drown A stone wall beside the riveroffered a final deensive position where Toburn rallied hisremaining inantry with supporting fire rom VI Corps artil-lery As darkness ell Ricketts appeared but when he saw the

situation he reused to commit his division During the nightToburn slipped his remaining men back across the river havingsuffered more than our hundred casualties On the ollowingday Hunter ordered Averellrsquos cavalry division with Duvalrsquosbrigade to move south rom Martinsburg toward Winchester



38

which would put them in Earlyrsquos rear Tus two Federal columnswere converging on EarlymdashCrook and Wright rom the east andAverell and Duval rom the north Te Conederate commanderprudently withdrew his army rom Berryville and marched southto Strasburg

About 1200 on 20 July Averellrsquos patrols probed south on theValley Pike and ound Ramseurrsquos division in a blocking positionnear Stephensonrsquos Depot five miles east o Winchester Averell hadonly 2350 men and 12 cannons while Ramseur augmented with3 cavalry brigades led some 5000 Southern troops Against Earlyrsquosorders Ramseur advanced without making a proper reconnais-sance and an aggressive attack rom Duvalrsquos inantry caught him

in the act o deploying his men Although outnumbered Duvaland Averell destroyed Ramseurrsquos lef flank and sent the routedConederates fleeing to Winchester Darkness ended Averellrsquoscavalry pursuit

Wright brought VI and XIX Corps into the Valley atmidday and halted at Berryville He had had no communicationwith Averell but heard the sound o the ighting at StephensonrsquosDepot When his scouts could ind no Conederate presence

in the Berryville area Wright concluded that Early was in ullretreat and marching to rejoin Leersquos Army o Northern VirginiaHe considered his mission completed and late that night turnedhis two corps around and marched back toward Washingtonwhere Halleck directed him to disband his ad hoc pursuit orceand to return VI and XIX Corps to Meade at Petersburg Atdawn on 21 July Averell occupied Winchester and sent Unioncavalry patrols on to Kernstown about our miles south Crook

later joined Averell and took command o the entire Army othe KanawhaWrightrsquos departure let Crook and his 9500-man Army o

the Kanawha as the main Union orce in the Valley under theoverall command o General Hunter Crook reorganized hisorce into ive divisions Former brigade commanders hoburnDuval and Mulligan were each assigned an inantry divisionwhile Duie and Averell retained their two cavalry divisions

On 23 July rebel cavalrymen inormed Early that WrightrsquosUnion orces had let the Valley In response Early turnedhis army o 16200 men north again and marched to attackCrookrsquos unsuspecting Union troops at Kernstown the site oan earlier battle during the 1862 Valley Campaign Gordonrsquos



39

division attacked about 1200 on 24 July and caught Crookrsquosunits unprepared While Gordonrsquos attack held Crookrsquos attentionin the ront Ramseur attacked Crookrsquos right while Breckinridgeslipped around the Federal let lank and crushed it GeneralMulligan was mortally wounded and his Federal divisionoverrun Stunned and assaulted rom three directions the Armyo the Kanawha collapsed Crookrsquos retreat rom Kernstownbecame increasingly disorganized and inally dissolved into arout when Union cavalry troopers raced through his rear guardand panicked the wagon train he teamsters lost all controlwhipping their teams to a gallop over the ields in what Duiecalled ldquoa perect stampederdquo that destroyed over eighty supply

wagonsCrook re-ormed his orces and withdrew through Winchester

to Martinsburg or the night He had lost over twelve hundred menall his supplies and twelve artillery caissons Concerned that Earlywould again threaten Washington and Baltimore Hunter orderedCrook to withdraw into Maryland Crook evacuated Martinsburgand crossed the Potomac on 26 July He placed outposts alongthe river and then marched his army back to Halltown where he

disbanded Mulliganrsquos division and incorporated it into Toburnrsquoscommand Averell took his cavalry to Hagerstown and placedoutposts at the river crossings Once more the Shenandoah Valleybelonged to Early Shaken by Earlyrsquos aggressive return Halleckrescinded the order or Wright to disband his orce and directedhim to march VI and XIX Corps back to the Valley to serve underHunter By 29 July these two corps arrived at Hunterrsquos headquar-ters near Monocacy Junction

RAID ON CHAMBERSBURG AND THE BATTLE OF MOOREFIELD

Early was determined to retain the initiative by taking thewar to the North again It served Leersquos goal o drawing troopsrom Union orces besieging Petersburg and satisied Earlyrsquosdesire to exact retribution or the damage done in the Valley byHunter Early ordered McCausland to lead two cavalry brigadesacross the Potomac or a raid on Chambersburg Pennsylvania

McCausland crossed the river on 29 July with about threethousand men and a battery o horse artillery Alerted to thecrossing and earing it was Earlyrsquos ull orce Hunter shitedunits to cover Washington and Baltimore While Averellblocked the South Mountain gaps Crookrsquos troops and VI Corps



40

camped near Monocacy Junction while Emory was en routerom Washington with his XIX Corps divisions led by Robertsand Grover

McCauslandrsquos raiders appeared in Chambersburg at dawn on30 July demanding a ransom o $100000 in gold or $500000 in UScurrency When the money was not raised the rebels set the townon fire With almost six hundred buildings aflame and the townlooted McCauslandrsquos brigades lef or Hancock Maryland Averellarrived at Chambersburg three hours later and took up the chasewith his much smaller orce He skirmished with McCauslandrsquosrear guard near Hancock but could not prevent the rebels romrecrossing the Potomac near Cumberland Maryland into West

Virginia on 2 AugustAfer an attack on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad acilities

at New Creek (now Keyser) West Virginia ailed McCauslandhalted near Moorefield Averellrsquos Union scouts located the twoConederate brigades resting there in scattered camps separatedby the south branch o the Potomac Averell with a orce only halthe size o McCauslandrsquos attacked with audacity in the predawnhours o 7 August Te surprise assault struck ldquolike a fiery meteor

rom the skyrdquo that shattered the Conederate brigades and sentthem fleeing McCausland escaped but Averellrsquos pursuit baggedeight artillery pieces and over six hundred prisonersmdasha seriousblow to Earlyrsquos mounted strength

SHERIDAN TAKES COMMAND

Earlyrsquos victory at Kernstown and the burning o Chambersburggalvanized Grant and Lincoln into action Tey met at Fort

Monroe Virginia on 31 July and agreed to streamline the cumber-some geographic command structure in the Shenandoah Valley bybringing our separate Army departments (West Virginia MiddleSusquehanna and Washington) under a new Middle MilitaryDivision with a single commander By deault as the senior generalin the area Hunter was the overall division commander but Grantlacked confidence in him as a battlefield leader Instead Grantselected General Sheridan or ldquotemporary duty to command

all the troops in the fieldrdquo in the new division Sheridanrsquos orderswere to go afer Early and to ldquoollow him to the death Whereverthe enemy goes let our troops go alsordquo Sheridan Meadersquos chie ocavalry had built a reputation as an aggressive fighter but at agethirty-our was thought by Lincoln and Stanton to be too young



41

and inexperienced or the Valley mission Despite these misgiv-ings they deerred to Grantrsquos judgment Along with Sheridan twoo Meadersquos cavalry divisions led by Brig Gen Alred A orbertand Brig Gen James H Wilson rode northward to reinorce thenew command

Securing the Shenandoah Valley had finally become a Unionpriority and Lincoln leery o Halleckrsquos intererence told Grant totake a personal interest ldquoI repeat to you it will neither be done norattempted unless you watch it every day and hour and orce itrdquoGrant heeded Lincolnrsquos instructions and on 5 August he went toMonocacy Junction to coner with Hunter He ound the Baltimoreand Ohio rail yard filled with idle engines and railcars while

thousands o troops camped nearby Hunter lamented that due toconusing orders rom Halleck he ldquohad lost all trace o the enemyrdquoand was unsure what to do When Hunter learned that Sheridanhis junior in rank would command the troops in the field againstEarlyrsquos Conederates he asked to be relieved and Grant compliedGrant immediately ordered all available troops put in the field andsent them by train to the Federal camp at Halltown Early was inact camped close by near Bunker Hill West Virginia

With Hunterrsquos departure Sheridan became the Middle MilitaryDivision commander on 7 August When orbert arrived with his1st Cavalry Division Sheridanappointed him chie o cavalryso Brig Gen Wesley Merritt tookover the division Averell andWilson commanded orbertrsquosother two cavalry divisions

Although Averell outrankedorbert and protested the reor-ganization Sheridan brusquelytold him to obey his new chieMeanwhile General Crookreorganized his own inantryinto two divisions with Toburnleading 1st Division and Duval

at the head o 2d Division On 8August these troops in additionto the Artillery Brigade nowcommanded by du Pont becamethe Army o West Virginia

General Sheridan(Library of Congress)



42

Although Emoryrsquos XIX Corps divisions and Wilsonrsquos cavalry hadnot yet arrived at Halltown Sheridan decided to take the initiativewith a pincer movement against Early On 10 August he sent Wrightrsquosmen west toward Charles own West Virginia while Crook took hisarmy to Berryville Tat put Wright north o Early and Crook to Earlyrsquossouth Early saw the danger and withdrew to Fisherrsquos Hill a naturaldeensive eature near Strasburg and out o Sheridanrsquos reach A ewdays later reinorcements rom Leersquos army at Petersburg arrived ledby Maj Gen Richard H Anderson Tese were Maj Gen Joseph BKershawrsquos inantry division Maj Gen Fitzhugh Leersquos cavalry divisionand an artillery battalion Now Early had some twenty thousand meno all arms and he sent Andersonrsquos division to Front Royal closer to

Sheridanrsquos positionWhen Sheridan discovered Earlyrsquos withdrawal to Fisherrsquos Hill

he advanced VI Corps and Crookrsquos troops closer to Cedar CreekHowever on 15 August a telegram rom Grant urged cautionand warned Sheridan o a strong Conederate orce (most likelyAndersonrsquos division) approaching Front Royal Te same day rebelpartisans under Colonel Mosby attacked and burned a Union wagontrain with badly needed supplies near Berryville Sheridan decided he

was overextended and began a careul week-long withdrawal northto Halltown Te next day Fitzhugh Leersquos Conederate cavalry with abrigade o inantry attacked Merrittrsquos Federal troopers at Cedarville just north o Front Royal but afer sharp fighting the rebels retired

As Sheridan pulled back into deensive positions at HalltownEarly pressed north behind him but despite his best efforts theConederate commander was unable to maneuver Sheridan into amajor engagement On 21 August at Halltown Union troops repulsed

a badly executed attack by Early For three more days Early probedSheridanrsquos deenses but finally determined that they were too strongor a direct assault Instead he made plans to draw Sheridan out rombehind the protection o his earthworks

On 25 August Early lef Anderson to watch Halltown andmarched north with Fitzhugh Leersquos cavalry and our divisions towardShepherdstown West Virginia and Williamsport Maryland on thePotomac River Earlyrsquos intention was to spread his army to make it

appear larger than it was and to give the impression he was goingto cross the Potomac He hoped Sheridan would leave the Valleyto protect Baltimore and Washington as Hunter had done InsteadSheridan sent orbert with two cavalry divisions to find Earlyrsquos mainorce which the horsemen located just south o Shepherdstown At



43

first orbert thought he was acing only a cavalry detachment andattacked His brigades were soon in a sharp fight with Whartonrsquosinantry division and in grave danger With difficulty orbertwithdrew and retreated over the Potomac Sheridan countered withhis own deception He instructed orbert to leave the Potomac cross-ings unguarded in the hope o enticing Early to ord the river so hecould be cut off but Early had no intention o doing that

Te next day 26 August Early reached Shepherdstown andhalted He knew that to go arther he would be ldquocompelled toattempt to cut my way through as there was no escape or me tothe right or lef and my orce was too weak to cross the Potomacwith him [Sheridan] in my rearrdquo Early disrupted the Baltimore and

Ohio Railroad acilities and the CampO Canal but his tactical gambitto displace Sheridan had ailed and he returned to WinchesterSheridan reoccupied Charles own and Martinsburg and thenreturned to his ormer positions around Halltown As CrookrsquosFederals approached Berryville on 3 September his advanceelements encountered Andersonrsquos rebel division withdrawing toPetersburg along with Kershawrsquos division In the surprise meetingengagement Crook pushed Anderson back to Winchester For the

next two weeks action was limited to cavalry patrols and skirmishesmost o which ended avorably or orbertrsquos Federals

THIRD WINCHESTER AND FISHERrsquoS HILL

On 16 September Grant and Sheridan met at Charles ownto discuss uture Union operations in the Shenandoah ValleySheridan already had a plan in mind to deeat Early and hadrecently learned o Andersonrsquos departure or Richmond with

Kershawrsquos division Although Early retained Fitzhugh Leersquos cavalryhe was now outnumbered by about twenty thousand men ( Map 4)o take advantage o his superior numbers Sheridan planned a

converging attack against Early at Winchester where Conederateshad won previous victories in 1862 and 1863 Te main attackwould advance west rom Berryville Wilsonrsquos cavalry would clearand secure the ord over Opequon Creek (east o Winchester) orVI Corps to cross it ollowed by XIX Corps Crookrsquos troops in

reserve were to move behind XIX Corps swing lef and go south oWinchester with Wilsonrsquos cavalry to cut off Earlyrsquos avenue o retreatAt the same time Averell coming rom Martinsburg was to joinorbert to attack the Conederates around Stephensonrsquos Depotnorth o Winchester Te Union orces would ace the enemy divi-



THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep

FISHERrsquoS HILL22 Sep

S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R

V i r g in ia C ent r a l R R

Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown

Charles Town Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek

Stephensonrsquos Depot



V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D

19ndash25 September 1864

S H E R I D A N rsquo S O F F E N S I V E

0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45

sions o Rodes and Gordon near the depot while Breckinridgewith Whartonrsquos inantry division and Imbodenrsquos and McCauslandrsquosbrigades was east o it Ramseurrsquos division was positioned with artil-lery across the Berryville road directly east o Winchester

At 0200 19 September Sheridanrsquos troops began movingWilsonrsquos cavalry drove in Ramseurrsquos skirmishers and secured theOpequon crossing Wright led VI Corps across Opequon Creekwith Gettyrsquos division ollowed by Rickettsrsquo and Russellrsquos divisionsAbout two miles east o town Wright deployed his battle line withRicketts on the right Getty on the lef and Russellrsquos men in reserveDelayed by VI Corps artillery and wagons moving through adefile known as Berryville canyon Emoryrsquos XIX Corps was not

in position on the right o Ricketts until 1100 Tis delay gavetime or Gordon and Rodes to react to the Federal advance and toshif their rebel soldiers south to reinorce Ramseur Breckinridgewas lef to deal with orbertrsquos cavalry alone on the north side oWinchester

Te Union general assault began about 1140 In severefighting VI Corps troops pushed Ramseur and Rodes back whileXIX Corps attacked Gordonrsquos position on the rebel lef As the

two Union corps advanced a gap opened between them woConederate brigades charged into it and threatened to collapsethe entire Union right until a counterattack by Russellrsquos divisionrestored the Union line Meanwhile Sheridan concerned howorbert was aring at Stephensonrsquos Depot redirected Crook tomove his command to the Union right toward Gordonrsquos rebellines North o Winchester Whartonrsquos inantry temporarily heldits position until Averellrsquos cavalry outflanked it orcing the rebels

back Breckinridge retired toward Winchester with the Unioncavalry in pursuit but near the town Whartonrsquos two brigadescounterattacked and stalled orbertrsquos advance

About the same time Sheridan ordered a final coordinatedthrust against the Conederate line which was now bent into anL-shaped ormation to the north and east o Winchester Crookrsquostroops hit Gordonrsquos lef flank and turned into it sending theConederate division reeling back while Wright and Emory also

brought their corps into action Merrittrsquos and Averellrsquos Federaldivisions made a classic cavalry charge into the Conederatesrsquo arlef flank breaking the inantry lines Te combination o assaultsshattered Earlyrsquos position and orced his army south in an orderlyretreat out o Winchester Sheridanrsquos inantry stopped on the south



46

edge o the town while Union cavalry continued to pursue theConederates to Kernstown Early ended his retreat at a strongposition on Fisherrsquos Hill about twenty miles away otal Unionlosses killed wounded and missing were over five thousand menwhile Earlyrsquos cost was an estimated thirty-nine hundred men

Sheridan continued his offensive against Early the next day Atdawn 20 September his army moved south toward Fisherrsquos HillCrook received orders to make a concealed march the next dayto hidden positions west o Fisherrsquos Hill and then make an assaulton 22 September Meanwhile Sheridan sent orbert east aroundMassanutten Mountain into the Luray Valley with a reinorcedcavalry division He was to cross back into the Valley some thirty

miles south at New Market to cut off Earlyrsquos retreat As plannedCrook moved his inantry into position without detection byConederate signal stations in the nearby mountains while Wrightand Emory made distractive eints against Earlyrsquos positions About1600 on 22 September Crook launched his surprise attack onthe rebelsrsquo lef flank Tis assault broke through the Conederatedeenses and with support rom XIX Corps units Earlyrsquos armywas quickly routed Te panicked Conederates rushed off the hill

Sheridanrsquos final charge at Winchester by Thure de Thulstrup(Library of Congress)



47

with Union inantry in close pursuit Heavy rain and darknessfinally halted Sheridanrsquos victorious troops near Woodstock

Sheridan assumed his maneuvers would capture Earlyrsquos entireorce but he was incensed to learn that orbert had turned backStrong Conederate earthworks blocked the narrow north end oLuray Valley and orbert wary o heavy losses and concernedabout being isolated i the assault on Fisherrsquos Hill ailed decidednot to attack the rebel positions Sheridanrsquos temper flared againwhen he discovered that Averell was not in pursuit o Early butsettled in camp He ordered Averell to get into action immedi-ately with ldquoactual fighting and necessary casualtiesrdquo but whenAverell instead went back to camp Sheridan relieved him o

command Sheridan gave the division to Col William H Powell a veteran brigade commander Meanwhile Early retreated south oHarrisonburg while Sheridan ollowed and occupied the town on25 September

Convinced that Early was finally beaten Grant wantedSheridan to move against the rail junction at Charlottesville butSheridan balked He was almost one hundred miles rom theclosest Union supply depot and oraging efforts in the picked-

over Valley could not support his army He suggested destroyingcrops barns and other supplies in the Shenandoah Valley andthen withdrawing his army northward With Grantrsquos approvalSheridan sent Union cavalry as ar south as Waynesboro to cut therailroads burn grain and woolen mills and seize or destroy cropsand livestock Many arms and homes that had escaped damageduring Hunterrsquos previous campaign now went up in flames AsSheridan withdrew down the Valley in early October toward

Winchester the general destruction continued which exacerbatedthe already nasty blood-eud between Conederate partisans andUnion cavalry with atrocities committed by both sides

THE BATTLE OF CEDAR CREEK

On 10 October Sheridan put his army o about thirty-onethousand men into camp along the north side o Cedar Creek nearthe Valley Pike around Middletown Crookrsquos two Army o West

Virginia divisions and an attached Provisional Division underCol John H Kitching were located east o the pike Toburnrsquos 1stDivision took a position on high ground almost a mile orward(south) o Colonel Hayesrsquo 2d Division and Kitchingrsquos men West othe pike Emoryrsquos XIX Corps encamped in the fields surrounding



48

Belle Grove plantation On 12 October Wright and VI Corpslef the Valley and headed east to rejoin Grant because Sheridanassumed that Earlyrsquos deeated rebels posed little threat ( Map 5)

Miles to the south Early had regrouped his army nearWaynesboro When he learned o Wrightrsquos departure he movedhis troops north and by 13 October his men were a ew milessouth o Cedar Creek At this point his army numbered betweenfifeen thousand and twenty thousand men His unexpectedpresence was disclosed to the Union troops by a sharp fight atHupprsquos Hill near Strasburg between Toburnrsquos Union divisionand Kershawrsquos rebel troops who had earlier been recalled tothe Valley as they marched toward Richmond Meanwhile

Sheridan received orders rom Secretary o War Stanton toreport to Washington or a planning conerence Uneasy aboutEarlyrsquos return to the lower Valley Sheridan recalled VI Corps andplaced it in reserve north o Emoryrsquos troops at Belle Grove On16 October Sheridan lef Wright in charge o the army tellinghim to be ldquowell preparedrdquo or a possible enemy assault Wrightshifed most o the cavalry to the west flank which he consid-ered vulnerable to attack Afer a rushed meeting in Washington

Sheridan returned to Winchester late on 18 October where hespent the night having been assured by General Wright that allwas quiet along Cedar Creek

Te Conederates however were not inactive With hissupplies dwindling Early knew he had to leave the Valley or deeatSheridan in battle Based on a personal reconnaissance by Gordonon 18 October Early planned an attack on the Federals encampednorth o Cedar Creek the ollowing morning Under a bright moon

and using a little-known path and ord over the North Fork othe Shenandoah River Gordonrsquos Ramseurrsquos and Brig Gen JohnPegramrsquos divisions slipped around Toburn and advanced towardHayes and Kitching Meanwhile Kershawrsquos division crossed CedarCreek in ront o Toburn and launched an assault at 0530 Tewave o Kershawrsquos Conederates struck just as Union troops werecooking breakast Kershawrsquos men overran Toburnrsquos surpriseddivision killing Toburn Not long afer Gordonrsquos Ramseurrsquos and

Pegramrsquos divisions ell on Crookrsquos main line Hayesrsquo troops put up astrong fight or a time but Kitchingrsquos ad hoc division fled immedi-ately Meanwhile Whartonrsquos troops advanced north on the ValleyPike to strike at XIX Corpsrsquo lines Emory had little time to realignunits and when Whartonrsquos men penetrated the rear o XIX Corpsrsquo



SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N

M a s s a n u t t e n M o u n t a i n

HupprsquosHill

M a n a s s a s G a p R R

C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k

N o r t h F o r k o f S h e n a n d o a h R i v e r

t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E

F R O N T R O Y A L R O A D

V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864

B A T T L E O F C E D A R C R E E K

I N I T I A L A T TA C K

0 1

Mile

Union Position

Confederate Position

Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50

camp Emoryrsquos men ell back to fight stubbornly rom the reverseside o their trenches

Earlyrsquos attacking ormations pushed the Federals beyondBelle Grove where XIX Corps and Crooksrsquo survivors ought indi- vidual battles against the onrushing Conederates Teir stubbornresistance gave VI Corps time to prepare to meet the assaultallowing XIX Corps ugitives to re-orm At a crucial point Gettyrsquos

2d Division o VI Corps held out alone or an hour against our oEarlyrsquos divisions On the Union right Merrittrsquos blue-coated troopersprevented urther disaster to the Union orces by beating backan attack by Brig Gen Tomas L Rosserrsquos Conederate cavalryAround 1100 General Sheridan arrived on the battlefield afer arantic ride rom Winchester He saw wounded and disheartenedmen fleeing the fight but also noted some units standing firmAgain in command Sheridan set about reestablishing a battle line

along a ridge about two miles north o Cedar CreekBy early afernoon Emory brought his bloodied XIX Corpsbrigades back into line on the right o VI Corps Te momentumo the Conederate attack had waned as Earlyrsquos amished troopsstopped to eat the ood and loot the gear they ound in the

Fighting at Belle Grove during the Battle of Cedar Creek by J E Taylor (Library of Congress)





52

Conederates withdrew south with orbertrsquos cavalry on their heelsSheridan retained VI Corps until December when winter weatherended major operations and Lee recalled most o the SecondCorps to his own ranks Early remained behind with a small orcebut did not again threaten Union dominance o the Valley Whilecavalry raids and the bitter guerrilla war continued or another sixmonths the campaign to control the Shenandoah Valley was over

Analysis

wo key actors hobbled the implementation o Grantrsquos planor the Valley a cumbersome Army command structure and the

mediocre quality o the Union Armyrsquos department leaders It tookthe deeat o Franz Sigel and the collapse o David Hunterrsquos expedi-tion to finally correct both problems By the end o the campaignonly one o Sigelrsquos original senior leaders was still in commandmdashGeorge Crook

Te final Union success in the 1864 Shenandoah ValleyCampaign had a major impact on the duration i not the ultimate

Sheridanrsquos army following Early through the Shenandoah Valleyby Alfred R Waud (Library of Congress)



53

conclusion o the war Te loss o the Valley hurt Leersquos Army oNorthern Virginia besieged at Petersburg because by cutting thewestern railroads the Union had blocked the agricultural andindustrial support Lee needed in eastern Virginia Union controlo the Valley opened Leersquos western flank to attack and ended hisflexibility to use the railroads within his interior lines to shif orcesrom one threatened area to another Last but not least victory inthe Shenandoah secured the vital Baltimore and Ohio Railroadopened a back door to Richmond and aided the reelection oPresident Lincoln

Te campaign held clear lessons on the value o a unifiedcentralized command structure Te relative ease that Early experi-

enced in traversing our uncoordinated Army geographical depart-ments during his raid on Washington demonstrated the disunc-tion that had long bedeviled the Northrsquos command organizationBy creating the Middle Military Division and placing a first-classgeneral such as Sheridan as its leader Grant ocused the war effort inthe Valley in a way that helped bring victory to the Union

Finally the campaign demonstrated the relationship betweentime and tactical initiative On three occasionsmdashSigel at New

Market Hunter at Lynchburg and Early at Washingtonmdashtacticalinitiative was lost because a commander took too long reaching hisobjective giving the opponent time albeit barely enough to react



54

The Author

Raymond K Bluhm Jr served over thirty years in the USArmy in positions ranging rom inantryman to oreign area officer

He received a masterrsquos degree in international affairs rom PurdueUniversity and attended the US Army War College His careerincluded a tour at the US Army Center o Military History He haspublished seven books on US military history and currently leadsbattlefield tours or the Army Historical Foundation



55

Further Readings

Grant Ulysses S Personal Memoirs of U S Grant Edited withnotes by E B Long New York Da Capo Press 1982

Lewis Tomas A Te Shenandoah in Flames Te Valley Campaignof 1864 Alexandria Va ime-Lie Books 1987

Morris Roy Jr Sheridan Te Life and Wars of General PhilSheridan New York Crown Publishers 1992

Noyalas Jonathan A Te Battle of Cedar Creek Victory from the Jaws of Defeat Charleston SC History Press 2009

Wert Jeffry D From Winchester to Cedar Creek Te ShenandoahCampaign of 1864 New York Simon amp Schuster 1989

For more inormation on the US Army in the Civil War pleaseread other titles in the US Army Campaigns o the Civil Warseries published by the US Army Center o Military History

(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



CMH Pub 75ndash14

Cover The Battle of Cedar Creek by Julian A Scott (Vermont State Curator)





Washington DC 2014

the






5

Introduction











6





7


Strategic Setting








8










9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l





Washington DC 2014

the






5

Introduction











6





7


Strategic Setting








8










9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l





5

Introduction











6





7


Strategic Setting








8










9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



6





7


Strategic Setting








8










9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



7


Strategic Setting








8










9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



8










9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



9












10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



10











11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



11












12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



12








13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



13











14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



14

Operations

OPENING MOVES











15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



15











K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



K a

n a w h a R

COVE MOUNTAIN10 May


B R

E C

K I N

R I

15 May

2 May5 May

A V

E R E L

L

C R O

O

K

A

L

L

E

G

H

E

N Y

M

O

U

N

T

New River Bridge

V A L L

E Y

P I K E

Ba l t imo re amp

Oh i o R R

V i r g i n i a amp

T e n n e

s s e e R

R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Lexin

Covington

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston

W E S T

V I R G I N I A

O H I O

V I R



0 50

Miles

Union Movement


Battle

MAP 1



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p a h

a n n o c k R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

P o t o m ac

R

P o t o

m a

c R

Cedar Creek

NEW MARKET15 May

11 May

G E

I M B

O D

E N

3 May

11 May17 May

29 Apr

14 May

S I G E L

A

I

N

S

V

A

L

L

E

Y

S

H

E

N

A

N

D

O

A

H

L u r a y V a


M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E


Fort Stevens

V A L

L E

Y

P I K

E

O r a n g e

amp A l e x a

n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Lynchburg

gton

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Edinburg

Mount Jackson

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Mount Crawford

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Spotsylvania

Culpeper

Moorefield

Alexandria

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



18












19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



19











20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



20












21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



21












22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



22











23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



23










L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



L

11 Jun

30 May

21 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

30 Jun

4 Jul

A V

E R E L

L

C R O O

K

A

L L

E

G

H

E

N

Y

M

O

U

B u f o r d G a p

P e a k s o f O t

V

A

S

H

E

N

AK a n a w h a R

O h

i o R

V A L

L E Y P

I K E



n e s s e e

R R

Buchanan

Parkersburg

Covington

Lewisburg

Union

Princeton

Beverly

Wytheville

Jeffersonville

Saltville

Dublin

Christiansburg

LibertySalem

Fayetteville

Charleston



V I

O H I O

MAP 2



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



PIEDMONT5 Jun

XINGTON11 Jun

LYNCHBURG18 Jun

6 Jun

2 Jun

5 Jun

29 May

23 May

9 Jul

T

A

I N

S

M O

U

N

T A

I N

S

B L U

E R

I D

G E




e r

L

E

Y D

O

A

H

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a p p

a h a n

n o c k

R

P o t o m a c R

Cedar Creek

P o t o m

a c R

S h

e n a n d o a h

R

V A

L L E Y

P I K

E

Fort Stevens

O r a

n g e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a

R R


Leesburg

Alexandria

HarpersFerry

Martinsburg

Winchester

Cumberland

Middletown

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

TrevilianStation

Port Republic

Mount Meridian

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Mount Crawford

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Moorefield

WASHINGTON DC

RICHMOND

BALTIMORE

R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 50

Miles

Union Movement

Battle



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



26













28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l





28













29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



29












31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l





31












2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



2 Jul

4 Jul8 Jul

5ndash6 Jul

29 Jul

M c

C A U S L

A N D

E A R

L Y


20 Jul

CHAMBERSBURG30 Jul

MOOREFIELD7 Aug

MONOCACY9 Jul

FORT STEVENS12 Jul

SECONDKERNSTOWN

24 Jul

COOL SPRING18 Jul

W R I G H T

J a m e s R

R apidan R

R a

p p a h a n

n o c k R

P o t o m

ac R

P o t o

m a c R

M O U

N

T A

I N

S

S H

E N

A N D

O A H

V

A L L E

Y

B L

U E

R I

D G

E



V A

L L E

Y

P I

K E

O r a n

g e amp

A l e

x a n d

r i a

R R


B a l t i m

o r e amp O h

i o R R

Gettysburg

Mercersburg

Frederick

Leesburg

Harpers Ferry

Halltown

Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Winchester

Berryville

Cumberland

Strasburg

Woodstock

Mount Jackson

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Lynchburg

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

New Creek

Petersburg


RICHMOND

BALTIMORE



M A R Y L A N D

V I R G I N I A



0 50

Miles

Confederate Advance

Union Pursuit

Battle

MAP 3



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



33











34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



34









35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



35














36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



36










37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



37










38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



38











39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



39










40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



40












41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



41










42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



42











43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



43












THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



THIRDWINCHESTER

19 Sep


S H

E R

I D

A

N

25 Sep

M

O

U N

T A

I

N

S

S H

E N

A N

D

O

A H

V A

L L

E Y

B L

U E

R

I D

G

E

L u r a

y V

a l l

e y Mas sanu t t en

Moun ta in

J a m e s R

R a pidan

R

R a p p a h a n n

o c k R

P o t o m a c R

Ced ar Cr eek

P o

t

o

m

a

c

R

S h e n a n d o a h

R

V A L

L E

Y

P I K E

B a l t i m

o r e amp O h i o

R R

O r a n g

e amp

A l e x

a n d r i a R

R


Frederick

MonocacyJunction

Leesburg

HarpersFerry

Bunker Hill

Shepherdstown


Martinsburg

Hagerstown

Williamsport

Hancock

Berryville

Cumberland

StrasburgMiddletown

Front Royal

Woodstock

New Market

Charlottesville

Gordonsville

Port Republic

Waynesboro

Staunton

Harrisonburg

Fredericksburg

Culpeper

Romney

Moorefield

New Creek




V I R G I N I A

M A R Y L A N D



0 30

Miles

Union Advance

Battle

MAP 4



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



45











46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



46







47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



47












48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



48










SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



SHER IDAN

T H O B U R N

HA YES

K I T C

H I N G

VIII Camp

XIX Camp

VI Camp

WRIGHT

EMORY

E A R L Y

G O R D

O N

R A M

S E U R

P E G

R A M

K E R S H A W

W

H A R T O N


HupprsquosHill


C e d a r C

r e e k

C e d a

r C

r e e k


t o S

t r a s b u r g

BucktonStation

McInturffrsquosFord

Ford

BowmanrsquosFord

Belle Grove

V A L L

E Y P I K

E


V A L L

E Y

P I K

E

Middletown

19 October 1864



0 1

Mile

Union Position


Confederate Attack

MAP 5



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



50










52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l





52


Analysis







53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



53








54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



54

The Author





55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



55

Further Readings







(wwwhistoryarmymil)



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l



T h

e

C i v

i l

W a r

Ses q u i c e n

t e n n i a l

the shenandoah valley campaign march-november 1964

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