The Sea Shells ofDar es Salaam

Penr I

GASTROPODS

4 J. F. Sp,t

Rcprintcd from Tanganyika Notes & Records. No. 56 (March 196l), Pages l-33.Rcviscd l9ó1. Second rcvision with supplemcnt l9ó8.

hrblishcd by the Tanzania Society, P.O.BoxSlt, DarcsSalaam, Tanzania.CoPyright, Tanzania SocictY.

Kunóuchi

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t ,

Kiomoni

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( ltibuago.

c Pqngovint

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f.o""T-' Bornbo

KtbungolO N Iú1.

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2&. Conus (Lithoconus\ îesselatus (Born). (7.5 cms.). Scarlct dashcs onwhite; violet at base; thin, yellow periostracum. MtuoYt, NonmRErr,Krxowr. Uncommon.

241. Conus (Cylindcr) textíle (Linne). (8.0 cms.). Brown pattern on white;somewhat barrel-shaped. Oysrnn Bry, Nonrs REer, KExDwA,Stxpr. Common.

241s. Conus textíle var. archiepíscopra (Hwass). (5.6 cms.). More slender thanC, textíle and more evcnly tapered; the characteristic pattcrn is some-times missing, the shell being decorated only with wavy verticle lincs.

242. Conus (Gastrídium) tulipa (Linné\. (4.3 cms.). Reddish-purple onbluish-whitc; rows of fine dots; aperture violet; periostracum with

. ro\ps of bristles. BoNcoyo, KeNowl Rare.243. Canus (Stephanoconus) uardus (LinnÉ). (3'7 cms.). Broken dark brown

bands on pinkish whitc. Oysren Brv. Uncommon.2&. Conus(Líthoc.onus)vexillum (Gmelin). (E.8 cms.). Light brown or dark

brown on white, in two streaky bands; operculum; young specimens' darker than old. Rrs KrNxeov4 Srnor. Uncommon.

245. Conus (Líthoconu) vr'rgo (Linn6). (7.E cms.). Cream; base dark purplc;spire smooth and low. Smor. Rare.

245s. Conus zeylanícus (Gmelin). (4.3 cms.). Dark purplish-brown andwhite dashes on light purplish-brown; base violet; aperture faintlypurplish-white. Lroprno'sCow. Rare.

Fottily: Tcrcbriùrc (Arrger shclls). (Plates V- and YlIf), (!hells. with long,- slender, tapering spire (except T. maculata, which is plump); qlrmerouswhorls; aperture oper but relatively small; operculum; found in sand).

24f,'. Impages hectica (Linné). (6'7 cms.). Ivory;with sprral browq markings,generally sparse and somctimes absent. KAwE, Set. VrEw, Mrmwn're.

' Common.

246t, Terebra aeículina(Reeve). (3'3 cms.). Grey, with fine vertical rcd'brownlines on body ri,horl; an ivory band spiralling below the suture and atbase of bodÍ whorl; finc vertical glooves. KuNoucut, Nonrn Rrrr,Mnrmmrn. Uncommon.

248. Terebra babylonia (Lamarck)' (4'0 qos)' Ligbt orange-brown oncrciam. KAwE, Ovsrtn Brv, Nonrn Rrrr. Uncommon.

248t. Terebra ceríthína (Kiener). (3'4 cms.). Strongly built; regular -v-crticaland horizontal iines of ligilt orange-brown on ivory;- columella andcanal orange; very similar to T. babylonia but much plumper.

248ab. Terebra coiltors (Hinds). (3.2 cms.). Rather slender; cach-whorlhas a single groove belów tlie suture and regular vertical marks in lightbrown on white. BoNcoYo. Rare.

248t. Terebra chlorata (I-amarck). (7.5 cms.). light pgrplish-brown andbrown markingsìn off-wÉite.- BoNGovo, Ovsrsn Bev. Uncommon.

249, Terebra crenulata (I"amarck). (E.5 cms.). Pale purplish-b_rown; brownmarks on shoìlders. Bottcovo, OvsrsR BAY, Nonrn Rmr-Uncommon.

2S0. Terebra dimídiata (Linné). (ll.? cms.). Orangc red; regular verticalligbter marks in bands. BoN@Yo, NoRrH ruEF' Kare'

25os'rerebratJi?ÍtB'lJlîH:i''tífrttÎ"Î,'J'l;'-$'Jffii-#,y"as*iBrY. Uncommon'

2t

dashes on>Yt, NoRtH

n on whitc;, KENDWA,

slender than:rn is some-:rticle lines.-purplc onracum with

dark brown

rwn or dark3 specimens

lark purple;

rrown andture faintly

with long,'; numerousrd in sand).n markings,Mrurrwnrre.

I red-brownrture and atoRTI{ REEF,

-brown on

ilar verticallmella and)er.ach whorlirks in light

rrown andIncommon.wn; brownlTH REEF.

ar vertical

[ite, with a:. OvsrEn

251a. Terebra funiculata (Hinds). (4'0 cms.). White; whorls cut by spiralgroovés. MauDYl, Boxcovo. Rare.

25lx Terebra gurnta (Rtiding). (6'6 cms.). Red-brown, with a single spiralof large ivory blobs, slightly raised, immediately below suture-Msuov,À. Rare.

252. Terebra lamarckií (Kiener) or duplicato (Linne). (5'5 cms.).purplish-brown; brown dashes above sutures; fine verticalKuNoucHt, Nonrs Rrer. Uncommon.

252t. Terebra lanceata (Linné). Fine, wavy, reddish vertical lines on

Lightfolds.

ivory.Boncovo. Rare.

252s. Terebra livida (Reeve). (3'2 cms.). Each whorl has a deep groovebelow the suture and numerous finely sculptured ribs: pale grey.

253. Terebra maculata (Linné). (10'5 cms.). Ivory, with purplish-brownand beige markings. BoNcoYo, Ovsrrn Blv. Common.

254. Terebra muscaria (Lamarck). (7'2 cms.). Ivory; purplish-brown spots-

Szóc/ass: OpIsrHosnlNcHll.

Order: Trctrnnl.NcHrl.

Superfomily: Bunecel. (Bubble shells).Family: Pupidae or Acteonidae.

254b. Pupa (Solidula) afinis (Gray).254t. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin). (2'5 cms.).

Faníly: Hydetínirhe. (Shell globular; spire sunk in body whorl; very fragile;- animal large; found in sandy sludge, inshore).

255. Hydatina circulaîa (Martyn) or vellum (Gmelin). (2'0.cms). Ends andcentral band white, edged with brown; fine brown vertical lines. KewE.Rare.

255t. Hydatina physis (Linné). (3.0 cms.). Fine brown horizontal lines on-bluish-white; occasional thicker lines; mantle purplish-brown edgedwith light blue. Nonrs Rrer. Rare.

Famity: Bullidee. (Plate vI). (shells roundly oval; spire sunk in body whorl;- fragile; found in sandy pockets in the intertidal reef).

256. Bulla ampulla (Linné). (5'0 cms.). Dark and light brown, zigtag ormottled; narrow, thin callus. Nonru Resr. Common.

(Note: I have found at Muuweun on silky algae a small (l'3 cms.),translucent, slightly yellowish, possibly immature bulla with a strong,persistent, smell of iodoform.)

Family: Aleridee.256*. Akera solata (Chemnitz). (3.5 cms.). Fawn ; thin and pliable; cylindrical

(seen from the anterior end, the shell appears to be an -open coil);ànimal white and pale yellow; much larger than the shell- OvsrrnBeY. Rare.

Family: Scaphanrùrirlae. (Spire sunk in body whorl).

257. Atys cylindrica (Helbling). (2-3 cms.). White, semi-translucent; cylin-drical.

258. Atys naucum (Linné). (3'l cms.). White, semi-translucent; globular;umbilicate.

29

IIIiIII

I

iI

I

II

:riod of rest

is the main

lmmersronry.es. Aboutre, when theries cleaned:lls to lie instain which

'have great: be boiled:oiling pointinimizes thein.

Igots and tosuch as therey will notle.

r for aboutly encrusted,eriostracum:d from theight mineralrce has been

bydrochloricrcid withoutis advisable

sintegration.It is unwise

SUPPLEMENT 196t

Wc arr still far from having a complete check list of Dar cs Salaam ga$ropods' I havc-shcllswhich i hanc not yct 66gn able tó idcntify and I have no doubt that many shclls rcmain to bc found,

Ji'ttiè"i"iúi-blgthc smallcr spccics, whilc thc decp watcr species arc still unknown...Study.isl;;ùit"iced.d-of tne fissurctiidac,'thc Vcrmctidaè, the Calyptracocca, thc Lsmcllariidac, thcÀitvsiiOic, the Mclancllidac and thc Siphonariidac'"'''l\i;il'diirrjaCoitionàt lÉi* strówn bclow. cspccially among thc sanddwellcrs, werc foundby I)r. an-d Mrs. M. S. G. Móller, to whom I would cxpness my gratrtucc'

Under FamilY: Prtellidre- - nr.-

'patellg pentagona (Born) (.7 x 2.7 cms.) Usually very ffat, with I or 9marn radiaiing ridges and many fine ones, the marginal points tendingto turn upwards; interior bluish-white. OvsreR Bev' KnuNco.

Under Family: Acmaeidae.273.

' Acmaea prolunda (Deshayes) (.6 x l.l cms.) Ev-enly tapered; fine radiat-ing rióges; pale yellow; muscle scar oranS,e-brown. Ovsren Bev'

lJnder Fomil Y.' Trochidee.-"-h+. 'Cailiostoma eucosmia (Bartsch) (.7 x ,7 cms.) Finely beaded; reddish-brown. faintlv patterned. Non'rx Rmr'

?75. Ctaniutui ioiaíhis (nischer) (l.l x l.l cms.) Beaded appearanc'e; alter'nating bands of tan and bfqck;-apex pink Mouo.ve'

276. Trochus-virgalns (Gmelin) (4.5 x 3.6 cms.) supes:ially very similartoT. maculótus but with bolder marking and no folds or grooves on thecnolumella. MsuuYr'

Insert after No. 28-Fomily: Rissoidee.,li:''

- nxlia ailiì^*t (Sowerby) (2.6 x I . I cms.) Elongate; the whorls vary in

directón, Àiuing a diótoited appearance; unglazed, except near thecolumella; white'

I nsert before ArchitectonicidaeFamilv: Turrítellidee.,í'8:''' rrrrnrtt"-trritra (Linné) (6'3 x l'3 cm.s') Verv elongate ; about 13

rounded whorls; spiral ridges; no canal: pale cream. with occaslonalbrown marks in vertical bands'

Under Family: Cerltbifthe.-"'rig.- 'CrrnniuÀ ^p"r

(Linné) (4.ó x 1.4 cms.) About.l l.whorls, allcrenulate:beaded. fórming veriical bands; white, shaded with brown or grey.

,niÙt o"t"ilónll"black or brown'dashes. There is another form with

",""t""i"ulpture; pale fawn, with fine brown spiral bands. The two

forms are found iogether. FuNcu Mrroyl, Msuoyr. BoNcOvo.Mlrrtuunr

280. CiìitúiiÀ"riì"rínum (Sowerby) (2.9 x 1.5 cms.) TaPerìng spire.with deep

,rrtut", *ia. "rinure,

-índented and fluted; ivory' with brown

markings.281 . Cerrtnruiiuioralium( Kiener) (2.4 x t .2 cms.) Weak varices: bands of fine

nodules: light buff shaded with dull light b5o-ryn'ZgZ. Cernnirà'ii7à;; l$;;;by) (1.6 x .71ms.) Numerous varices: deep

,u*: spiial riOgès; stoné*oloured, sometimes with brown marks:

apertuie white' MsrsrNl,- Nonrs Rrur'zs3. crrtni,il-iiiiiiiiiii;;s'l'è;"iii.o i r.t cms') Smooth and glazed' with

onrv riiíiir.riiiìll; tiiit "iitut;

milk whiti, touched with pale fawn'MxtruMse'

2g4. Cerithrii'ilclam (Kiener) J2.l x .7 cms.) Spire tapers bluntly near

apex; faintly cre-nùlate; spiral ridges; w.h19'

2g5. Cerithium noai-'le (Reeve) il.aìl.lóÉs.) rine S,rooves near apex bu.t

later"c.o*tii- aì-ost smootù-;-siigtttty aisto-ied; .light beige, with

dartei-irregular markings; apertùre and callus white.

33

, with spiralbrown band

grey, with an; lip whitc;

rtly roundcdand. Sourn

;; fine, ucakhite dashcs;JDYA.vn out; light

irc and longn marts in

dcca suture;re; lip thick-

palc crcam,

T. garnonsii

) Somewhatpiral ridgcs;brown and

y solid; low

attern small,nd bands of, PrNcrvrNr.re short andtwo broken

)ts; aperture

ilongate andrf chocolate,Te. MBUDYA,

tly pyriform;

'f purple andfmpve.ender, with ar blotches in

Iht brick-rcd,of thc body

: cylindrical;rds of choco-;u Mrlovt,

) Whitc, withnd; also fine,

383.

3E4.

377.

378.

379.

3E0.

381.

382.

390.

394.

Conus (Rhotnhus) imperíalis (Linné) (7.8 x.4.1 cg.s) Spire almosl latand itrongly irenulatc; bluish or gr_eyish -white, dalke-r-at-ba_se;horizontal-brown bands; also bands of dark brown and white dashesand dots. Fuxcu YtsIN, MruPYr.

Conus (Strioconu) epistonrurn (Reevc) (5.6 x 2.3 cms.) Rclated- to C.gubeìnator, but wiih straighter and more tapcring sides; markings inlightbrown.

Coius (Virroconus) sponsalís (Bruguièrc) (1.9 x l.l cms.) Low spirc;slighily oonvex; weakly crcnulate; white, with one wide and onenanow band of bold irregular brown marks. Rrs Kruxrovr.

Terebra (subula\ argus (Hinds) (7.9 x 1.3 cms.) Pinky+ream, withbands of stightly darker, rhomboid marks.

Terebra(Hutula)- casta (Hinds) (2.9 x.7 cms.) Narrow vertical ridges;livid grey, touched with red-brown, with ivory bands. KuxoucHl,À{rnrrwrur.

Terebra (Hastulo) casto, va;î. natalensis (Hinds) ( 3.0 x .7 cms.) Spiremore elongate than T. casta and colouring much brighter,light red-brown predominating; plications bclow suture in place of verticalridges. Nonrn Rnrr.

Terelra (Dimìdiaaul cíngulifera (Lamarck) (6.2 x 1.0 cms.) Fine spiralgrooves; plications below suture; pale ochrc.

Teiebra colwnbelaris ( ) (4.9 x .9 cms.) About 12 whorls;narrow, somewhat twisted, velical ridges; pronounced sub-suturalgroove; yellowish, but white above and below suture and lightred-brown in interstices'

Terebra duplicata (Linné) (3.2 x .9 cms.) Fine strong vertic,ql ribs; 9eepsub-sutdral groove; purplish-brown, with a narrow, lighter bandnear the base.

Terebrafictilk (Hinds) (1.4 x .4 cms.) Vertical folds; yellowish-white,with a grey spiral band; columclla dark brown; apical whorls crimson.Klotrrom, Srr Vrcw, MnrrrwsM .

Terebra (Hastula) lwstata (Gmelin) (2.4 x .6 cms.) l0 whorls,; flattishvertical folds; creamy-white, with pink in spiral bands and betweenthe folds ; higbly glazed. MnuoYr.

Terebra laer.igata (Gray) Q.6 x .4 cms.) 20 whorls; deep sub-sutural andthrec parallcl grooves, crossed by striae; dark ivory. Nonrn RnEr.

Terebra-marmorala ( , (8.6 x 1.5 cms.) Finely fenestrate; lightbrown. with vertical bands of ivory; between the suture and the sub-sutural Ir<x)ve, alternating dark brown and ivory. Mauovl, Mrxe-TUMBE.

Terebra (Cingutoterebra) monilis (Qugy & Gaimard) (5.7 x '9."ry*')- -Auouirz fhorls, step'ped and roundly srenulate; three grooves below

crenulations ; light orange.-Mruovr. -r";;;;;Ot;;;rih;tnlal rclulosa (Sowerbv) (6.7 x 1.3 9ms,) -13

whorls;vertical folds and spiral grooves and striae, producing indentatrons;oranse-red. with irregulai vertical white bands. MAxrrsMBE, SINDA.

f"iiirlpeiirilara (ffinìis) (3.3 x .8 cms.) Similar to î. Ianceata but withmuch finer and rr.ore numerous brown lines. BoNcovo'

f*ifià piii"(HinOs) (5.0 x .t crns.) 20 whorls; vertical ridges with frne--spirifriaÀeì in iútèrstices; dark reddish-brown with ivory ridges.

Mrxrrunnr, SlNDt.f"iliià snWa(euoy & Gaimard) (4.9 x l.l cms.) ll whorls; close-set

vertical ridgei;ìvory, with regular light brown marks' KAwE, oYsrERBrv,NonrHRrrr.

rlr*riAilùlOinné) (6.1 x l.l cms-) Palevellow, witb bands of darkmarks-three dn the bòdy whorl. MnuoYt, NonrH RsEr'

386.

387.

388.

389.

39r.

392.

393.

395.

t9