the salty ocean on average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Salty OceanOn average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25
grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts.
![Page 2: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Calculating Density To calculate the density of a substance, divide the
mass of the substance by its volume.
For example, 1 liter (L) of ocean water has a mass of 1.03 kilograms (kg).
Therefore,
Density = 1.03 kg/L
- Ocean Water Chemistry
![Page 3: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Calculating Density Practice Problem
A 5-liter sample of one type of crude oil has a mass of 4.10 kg. What is its density? If this oil spilled on the ocean’s surface, would it sink or float? Explain your answer in terms of density.
The density is 0.82 kg/L (4.10 kg ÷ 5.00 L). The oil would float on top of the ocean because it is less dense than ocean water.
- Ocean Water Chemistry
![Page 4: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Changes With DepthConditions change as you
descend to the ocean floor.
Color and Light Decrease
Temperatures Decrease
Salinity stays the same
Density Increases
Pressure Increases
![Page 5: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Question
AnswerHow salty is the ocean?
Ocean water has an average salt concentration of 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts.How does the ocean
change with depth?
As you descend, the temperature decreases and the pressure increases.
![Page 6: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
End of Section:Ocean Water Chemistry
![Page 7: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Surface CurrentsSurface currents, which affect water to a
depth of several hundred meters, are driven mainly by winds.
![Page 8: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Deep CurrentsDeep currents are
caused by differences in the density of ocean water.
![Page 9: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
UpwellingUpwelling brings up tiny ocean organisms,
minerals, and other nutrients from the deeper layers of the water. Without this motion, the surface waters of the open ocean would be very scarce in nutrients.
![Page 10: The Salty Ocean On average, one kilogram of ocean water contains about 25 grams of salts–that is, 35 parts per thousand. Or 3.5% salts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649f285503460f94c40466/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Relating Cause and Effect
Surface currentsWinds
Differences in ocean-water density
Deep currents
Cause Effect