the roles of tourism in poverty alleviation in ogun state of nigeria the
TRANSCRIPT
THE ROLES OF TOURISM IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN OGUN STATE OF NIGERIA
THE ROLES OF TOURISM IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN OGUN STATE OF NIGERIA
By: Banjo, O.S, Olawumi, A.T and Salami, O.I.
Department of Agricultural Science, Tai Solarin University of Education,
P.M.B. 2118, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State,Nigeria.
Address for correspondence: [email protected]
+2348030732027,
By:
Department of Agricultural Science, Tai Solarin University of Education,
P.M.B. 2118, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State,Nigeria.
Address for correspondence: [email protected]
+2348030732027,
Banjo, O.S, Olawumi, A.T and Salami, O.I.
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
The study concludes that tourism development is a very viable tool for poverty alleviation and that it improves the livelihood of the residents of the tourist centers and their adjacent communities.
•Based on the findings of this study, the following are recommended for policy considerations by the government and other stakeholders in the tourism subsector in Ogun sate, Nigeria and the World at large. •Government at all levels should allocate more funds towards tourism development •Private entrepreneurs should invest in tourism • Aggressive education re-orientation of all stakeholders on the potentials and the sustainable utilization of the available tourist sites in Ogun state, Nigeria and the World at large to make them available & beneficial in perpetuity.
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Ajao, A (2012): Tourism? Get a Thumb Up, Thisday Live, May 20, 2012.Basu, P.K (2003): Is Sustainable Tourism Development Possible? Broad Issues concerning Australia and Papua Guinea. In R.N Ghosh, M.A.B Saddique and B. Gabbay (Eds.), Tourism and Economic Development: Case Study fromIndian Region, Hampshire, England.Bowell, D and Weinz, W (2008): Reducing Poverty through Tourism, International Office, Working Paper 226, Geneva.Hall, C.M (2007): Pro-poor Tourism: Who Benefits-Perspectives on Tourism and Poverty Reduction, Channel View Publications.Haller, A (2012): Growth and Development Through Tourism in Conditions of Liberalization: Theme and Concepts. Paper presented at 14th International Conference "Romania Rural Tourism in Context of Sustainable Development; Presentand Prospects" 25-26, May, 2012, VatraDornei, Romania.Hawkins, Donald E. and Shaun Mann, “The World Bank’s Role in Tourism Development,” Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 34, No.2, pp. 348-363, 2007.http://www.kuenseonline.com/.....2009, 2pp. Accessed online 29.08.2016Olawumi, A.T, Oluwalana, S.A., Momoh, S and Aduradola, A.M, (2013): Cost and Returns on Chewing stick Processing in Southwest Nigeria; American Journal of Human Ecology,Vol.2 No.1, pp 1-6.SEPO (2006): Policy Insight: Tourism as a Development Strategy: Senate Economic Planning Office of the Phillipines.Shah, K and Gupta, V (2000): " Tourism, the poor and other stakeholders: Asian Experience" London: ODI Fair Trade in Tourism Paper.Sharpley, R (2009): Tourism and Development: Challenges in Least Developed Countries- The Case of the Gambia. Curr. Issues Tour.2009, 12:337-358.Sinclair, M.T. (1998): Tourism and Economic Development: A survey Journal of development studies, 34(5) 1-51, Sinclair, M.T.Uduma-Olugu, N and Onukwube, H.N(2012): Exploring the Coastal Tourism Potentials of Lagos. Sustainable Development, 5(7): 156-165.World Bank (2009): Tourism in Times of Recession”. April 28
The study concludes that tourism development is a very viable tool for poverty alleviation and that it improves the livelihood of the residents of the tourist centers and their adjacent communities.
•Based on the findings of this study, the following are recommended for policy considerations by the government and other stakeholders in the tourism subsector in Ogun sate, Nigeria and the World at large. •Government at all levels should allocate more funds towards tourism development •Private entrepreneurs should invest in tourism • Aggressive education re-orientation of all stakeholders on the potentials and the sustainable utilization of the available tourist sites in Ogun state, Nigeria and the World at large to make them available & beneficial in perpetuity.
Ajao, A (2012): Tourism? Get a Thumb Up, Thisday Live, May 20, 2012.Basu, P.K (2003): Is Sustainable Tourism Development Possible? Broad Issues concerning Australia and Papua Guinea. In R.N Ghosh, M.A.B Saddique and B. Gabbay (Eds.), Tourism and Economic Development: Case Study fromIndian Region, Hampshire, England.Bowell, D and Weinz, W (2008): Reducing Poverty through Tourism, International Office, Working Paper 226, Geneva.Hall, C.M (2007): Pro-poor Tourism: Who Benefits-Perspectives on Tourism and Poverty Reduction, Channel View Publications.Haller, A (2012): Growth and Development Through Tourism in Conditions of Liberalization: Theme and Concepts. Paper presented at 14th International Conference "Romania Rural Tourism in Context of Sustainable Development; Presentand Prospects" 25-26, May, 2012, VatraDornei, Romania.Hawkins, Donald E. and Shaun Mann, “The World Bank’s Role in Tourism Development,” Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 34, No.2, pp. 348-363, 2007.http://www.kuenseonline.com/.....2009, 2pp. Accessed online 29.08.2016Olawumi, A.T, Oluwalana, S.A., Momoh, S and Aduradola, A.M, (2013): Cost and Returns on Chewing stick Processing in Southwest Nigeria; American Journal of Human Ecology,Vol.2 No.1, pp 1-6.SEPO (2006): Policy Insight: Tourism as a Development Strategy: Senate Economic Planning Office of the Phillipines.Shah, K and Gupta, V (2000): " Tourism, the poor and other stakeholders: Asian Experience" London: ODI Fair Trade in Tourism Paper.Sharpley, R (2009): Tourism and Development: Challenges in Least Developed Countries- The Case of the Gambia. Curr. Issues Tour.2009, 12:337-358.Sinclair, M.T. (1998): Tourism and Economic Development: A survey Journal of development studies, 34(5) 1-51, Sinclair, M.T.Uduma-Olugu, N and Onukwube, H.N(2012): Exploring the Coastal Tourism Potentials of Lagos. Sustainable Development, 5(7): 156-165.World Bank (2009): Tourism in Times of Recession”. April 28.
•Tourism has become a major source of economic growth employment, income generation and foreign exchange for many Countries (Basu, 2003) and it is considered by most developing Countries as a
main source of development & growth of local economies (Haller, 2012).
• Nigeria as a developing Country is looking to tourism as a possible alternative income earner (Uduma-Olugu and Orukwube, 2012) and a potential labour employer (Ajao, 2012) Tourism has been
identified as a means of poverty reduction by World trade Organisation (WTO) and African Development Bank (Bowell and Weinz, 2008).
• Ogun state of Nigeria is especially blessed with attractive and historic tourist centers like Olumo rock in Abeokuta, Birijisu sugbo Shrine at Oke-eri, Yemoji, Natural pool at Ijebu ode, Oya dam in
Abeokuta, Iwopin Boat Regatta and Ebute omi in Ogun water side LGA, Area J4 Forest Reserve, etc
•Two Hundred (200) randomly selected tourism stake holders in Ogun state (household heads, staff of tourism sites, traders community members and tourists) were interviewed with a pre-tested and
structured questionnaires to elicit information on tourism to generate primary data which were augmented with field observations and in-depth reviews of available journals, published articles and books,
internet etc as Secondary sources of data.
•Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency counts and percentages) and chi square analysis.
•1. Ho: There is no statistically significant difference in perceived poverty reduction among tourism participants from one tourist location to another.
•2. Ho: There is no statistically significant difference in perceived spatial benefit among tourism participants from one tourism location to another.
• Ogun State was created in February 1976 under a military administration Nigeria and it is located in the Southwest Zone of Nigeria.
• The total land area is 16,409.26 square kilometres
• It is bounded on the West by Benin Republic, on the South by Lagos State and the Atlantic Ocean, on the East by Ondo State, and on the North by Oyo and Osun States.
• It is situated between latitude 6.2°N and 7.8°N and longitude 3.00E and 5.0°E.
• The raining season runs from March to November while dry season runs from November to February.
• The mean annual rainfall varies between 1280mm (South) and1050mm (North) .
• The average monthly temperature ranges from 23°C to 32°C.
• The northern part of the State is mainly of derived Savannah vegetation while the Central part falls in the rain forest belt. The southern part of the State has mangrove swamp.
•Tourism has become a major source of economic growth employment, income generation and foreign exchange for many Countries (Basu, 2003) and it is considered by most developing Countries as a
main source of development & growth of local economies (Haller, 2012).
• Nigeria as a developing Country is looking to tourism as a possible alternative income earner (Uduma-Olugu and Orukwube, 2012) and a potential labour employer (Ajao, 2012) Tourism has been
identified as a means of poverty reduction by World trade Organisation (WTO) and African Development Bank (Bowell and Weinz, 2008).
• Ogun state of Nigeria is especially blessed with attractive and historic tourist centers like Olumo rock in Abeokuta, Birijisu sugbo Shrine at Oke-eri, Yemoji, Natural pool at Ijebu ode, Oya dam in
Abeokuta, Iwopin Boat Regatta and Ebute omi in Ogun water side LGA, Area J4 Forest Reserve, etc
•Two Hundred (200) randomly selected tourism stake holders in Ogun state (household heads, staff of tourism sites, traders community members and tourists) were interviewed with a pre-tested and
structured questionnaires to elicit information on tourism to generate primary data which were augmented with field observations and in-depth reviews of available journals, published articles and books,
internet etc as Secondary sources of data.
•Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency counts and percentages) and chi square analysis.
•1. Ho: There is no statistically significant difference in perceived poverty reduction among tourism participants from one tourist location to another.
•2. Ho: There is no statistically significant difference in perceived spatial benefit among tourism participants from one tourism location to another.
• Ogun State was created in February 1976 under a military administration Nigeria and it is located in the Southwest Zone of Nigeria.
• The total land area is 16,409.26 square kilometres
• It is bounded on the West by Benin Republic, on the South by Lagos State and the Atlantic Ocean, on the East by Ondo State, and on the North by Oyo and Osun States.
• It is situated between latitude 6.2°N and 7.8°N and longitude 3.00E and 5.0°E.
• The raining season runs from March to November while dry season runs from November to February.
• The mean annual rainfall varies between 1280mm (South) and1050mm (North) .
• The average monthly temperature ranges from 23°C to 32°C.
• The northern part of the State is mainly of derived Savannah vegetation while the Central part falls in the rain forest belt. The southern part of the State has mangrove swamp.
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Description of the study Area: Ogun State of Nigeria
Study Hypotheses