THE ROARING TWENTIES

Chapter 9

Read pages 270-275

Red Scare Bolshevik Communism Palmer Raid Deportation Anarchists Sacco & Vanzetti

Political Cartoon on page 272

Chart on 274 1-3 on 275

DEFINE &IDENTIFY ANSWER QUESTIONS

The Red Scare

Russia Soviet Union COMMUNISM: ECONOMIC SYSTEM WITH

NO ECONOMIC CLASSES AND NO PRIVATE PROPERTY

All people should share equally in wealth Americans embraced the ideals of

CAPITALISM Especially freedom to own property

RED SCARE: WIDESPREAD FEAR OF COMMUNISM

THE GOVERNMENT REACTS

PALMER RAIDS: ATTACKS ON SUSPECTED “RADICALS” Used wartime laws that gave the

government power against radicals “Aliens” could face

DEPORTATION: REMOVING AN ALIEN FROM ONE COUNTRY

LABOR STRIFE

Farms and Factories that had buzzed during the war now lay silent

Workers believed that Wilson was focusing on a peace plan an not on the workers at home backlash against Democrats

Unions lost members and political power because of Red Scare (fear or workers overthrowing government)

Limiting Immigration

Competition for jobsRed ScareTriggers backlash against foreigners NATIONAL ORIGINS ACT OF 1924: limits

number of immigrants allowed (from Eastern European countries)

Discrimination against immigrants reaches its peak with SACCO AND VANZETTI

Sacco and Vanzetti

Italian Immigrants

Noted ANARCHISTS

Arrested for armed robbery and murder

Evidence was weak

On trial for political beliefs

Convicted and sentenced to die

Discrimination in the 1920s

Consider these questions while looking at the picture

Then, answer the questions on the back!

View the Ku Klux Klan Marches in Washington D.C Why is the location of the parade

important? What does the large crowd tell

you about the KKK or the perception of the KKK in the 1920s?

The Great Migration

Mass movemen

t of African

Americans to

Northern cities like

New York,

Philadelphia,

Chicago, and

Detroit

The Harlem Renaissance

Blossoming of African American art and

literature that began

in the 1920s. Named

after the area of

Manhattan many

African Americans

lived.

Blues and Jazz: Bessie Smith & Duke Ellington

Read the biographies on Bessie Smith and Duke Ellington

Listen to the music as you read and answer the questions to help you understand the movement

Why do you think the Blues came from the South?

Why do you think Jazz was invented in New York City?

Henry Ford and the Model T

ASSEMBLY LINE a manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create a finished product. INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS: identical pieces of a whole, sped up assembly

Ford was also the first to build factories around that concept. It usually consists of 4 workers in control of one specific job and their work related movements are reduced to a minimum.

“ Nothing is particularly hard if you divide into small jobs.”- Henry Ford

Assembly Line

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS

Assembly Line

Make:

Automobile changes Economy

ASSEMBL

Y LINE

S

•Rise in Productivity (more efficient)

INCREASE

D PRODUCTIVIT

Y

•More Product = More factories

•More Jobs

INCREASE

IN INDUSTRY

•Need more manufactured materials to build cars

•steel, glass, rubber

INCREASE

IN BUSINES

S

•Boom in cities: Repair shops, gas stations

•Boom in Suburbs: Motels, Restaurants

The Automobile’s affect on culture WELFARE CAPITALISM: companies

provide benefits to employees to promote worker satisfaction and loyalty Company paid pensions for retirement Recreation programs

1908 Touring Car

1912 Roadster

1920 Coupe

Model A

1920’s Traffic!

The New Consumer

New, cost-efficient manufacturing Refrigerators Vacuum cleaners Radio Commercial airplanes

Buy! Buy! Buy! INSTALLMENT BUYING: paying for an

item over time with small payments CREDIT: borrowing money to buy now!

Prohibition Leads to Organized Crime

BOOTLEGGERAL CAPONE

SPEAKEASY

From Gibson Girl Flappers!

Conflicts over values

The shift away from rural America made shifts in American values Rural values: hard-working, self-reliant,

religious Urban values: progress, technology, fun! KKK recruited rural people who felt their

way of life was on the decline Uncertainty of changing times led many

to turn to religion for answers Fundamentalism: strict, literal

interpretation of the Bible

Politics

Wilson’s term came to a chaotic end with workers unhappy with him spending time in Paris

Theodore Roosevelt died in 1919 with no clear Republican successor

Warren G. Harding came to the forefront Harding promised “normalcy” which sounded good

after WWI and with the Red Scare Notorious lover of leisure, avoided taking positions “Less government in business and more business

in government”

Warren Harding

Cut the federal budget, reduce taxes on wealthiest Americans

FORDNEY-MCCUMBER TARIFF: to help farmers by raising cost of foreign grown farm products. US prices rose, helping farmers, but hurting Europeans because they couldn’t pay back war debts

Appointed old friends from Ohio to government positions, like secretary of Interior: Albert Fall TEAPOT DOME SCANDAL: Fall accepted bribes in

return for allowing oil companies to drill federal oil reserves on federal land in Teapot Dome, Wyoming

Harding died from a heart attack soon after

Calvin Coolidge

“Silent Cal:” from rural Vermont, had a reputation for honesty

Quickly got rid of officials suspected of corruption

Believed in the power of business Would provide the energy and resources to

fuel America’s growth, promote arts and sciences

Government should be strictly limited, taxes should be lowered

Scopes “Monkey” Trial

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution opposed Fundamentalists’ view of the Bible

Some states in the south banned the teaching of evolution in schools.

John Scopes, a young science teacher in Tennessee violated the law and got arrested Clarence Darrow, famous lawyer, represented

Scopes William Jennings Bryan, three time candidate for

president led prosecution Famous orator, represented fundamentalism