the river of life - blood. blood – did you know… an average adult has approximately 4.7 l (5...
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The River of Life - Blood
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Blood – Did You Know…
• An average adult has approximately 4.7 L (5 quarts) of blood.
• Blood comprises about 8% of a person’s total body weight.
• Blood travels 60,000 mi (96,540 Km) per day in your body.
• 15 million blood cells die every day and have to be replaced.
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What is the Composition of Blood?
• Blood is about 78% liquid and 22% solids
• Four Major Components of Blood– Plasma – Red Blood Cells (RBC)– White Blood Cells (WBC)– Platelets
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Blood Plasma—The Liquid of Life
• Composition:– 90% water– Ionic salts (electrolytes)– Soluble proteins
• Functions:– Helps maintain homeostatic balance– Allows for the correct function of muscles and
nerves– Transports soluble substances– Carries factors needed for blood clotting
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Plasma Transports:
• Nutrients• Electrolytes• Hormones • Antibodies• Clotting factors• Metabolic wastes• Dissolved Gases: oxygen and carbon
dioxide
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Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
• Most abundant blood cell
• 5.2 billion RBC per mL of blood
• Mature cells lack a nucleus
• Average Lifespan: 120 Days
Used with permission of Brian Garrigan
http://health.howstuffworks.com/blood.htm
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Red Blood Cell Facts
• Can be frozen for ten years
• Hemoglobin makes up 33% of cell mass
• Primary function is to transport oxygen
• Help remove carbon dioxide
• Produced in bone marrow
• Travel single file through capillaries
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White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
• Types– Monocyte
– Neutrophil
– Lymphocyte
– Basophil
– Eosinophil
See Pictures of These Cells
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White Blood Cell Facts
• Largest of the blood cells• Normally 5000 to 10,000 WBC per mL
blood• Variable life span – from a few days to
years• Produced in bone marrow• Part of the immune system• Increase in number when infection or
inflammation is present
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White Blood Cells—Functions
Monocytes and Neutrophils:• Destroy bacteria and other foreign materials• Signal other immune cells that foreign material is
inside body
Lymphocytes:• Destroy abnormal cells• Produce antibodies• Moderate immune response
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White Blood Cells—Functions
Eosinophils• Kill multicellular parasites (e.g. blood fluke)
Basophils• Can destroy foreign material• Involved in inflammation response• Involved in development of allergies
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Platelets (Thrombocytes)
• Formed in bone marrow• Not cells, are fragments of precursor cells• Lifespan—10 Days • Help blood clot by forming “platelet plugs.”• Stimulate other clotting factors• Approximately 250,000 per mL of blood
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Simulated Blood Smear
Used with permission of Ken Hoge
http://texasheart.org/HIC/Anatmy/blood.cfm?&RenderForPrint=1