The Rise of IslamCh. 10, sec. 1

Islam•Followers called Muslims•Emerged in the Arabian Peninsula

Muhammad•Born in Mecca in 570

A.D.•Heard the angel

Gabriel calling him to be the messenger of God (Allah)

•Went on a journey (hijra) to Medina in 622▫Many people

accepted his teachings

Return to Mecca

•Returned to Mecca in 630

•Destroyed idols in the temple (Kaaba) and re-dedicated the temple to the one true God

•United many Arabs under one religion

Teachings of Islam

•Monotheistic- one god•Holy book- Quran

▫Written in Arabic▫Unchangeable word of God▫Must learn Arabic

•Believe God has sent prophets like Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad (greatest prophet)

5 Pillars of Islam

•1. Declaration of faith

•2. Pray 5 times a day

•3. Give to the poor•4. Fast during

Ramadan•5. Hajj- journey to

Mecca

Jihad

•Means “struggle in God’s service”•Interpreted different ways

▫Internal/personal struggle with morality or▫Holy war

•Sometimes used to justify acts of terrorism

“People of the Book”• Jews, Christians, Muslims• Same God• All three recognize that God

spoke to Abraham and Moses.• Jews- still waiting for Messiah• Christians- Jesus was Messiah• Muslims- Jesus is just a

prophet-greatest prophet is Muhammad

Islam: A Way of Life

•Read p. 122 in your book and answer the following questions:

▫What is Sharia Law?

▫How did Islam affect Muslim women?