the rise of industrial america, 1865 – 1900 chapter 18
TRANSCRIPT
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The Rise of Industrial America,
1865 – 1900
Chapter 18
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• C: 1-a Evaluate the impact of new inventions and technologies of the late 19th Century.
• C: 1-b Identify and evaluate the influences on business and industry in the late 19th Century
• C: 1-c Identify labor and workforce issues including owners, managers and Social Darwinism
• C: 1-d Explain the challenges and contributions of immigrants
• C: 1-e Explain the causes and impact of urbanization• C: 1-f Compare and contrast the experiences of
African-Americans
ACT Standards
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Readings
• Read the chapter, pp. 535-565.
• You MUST read the chapter!!!!
• On line find and read a summary of the book The Jungle
by Upton Sinclair.
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Group Presentation
• An Important Industrial or Technological advancement from this time period
• Chose a group of three
• Compose and design a power point of 5 slides
• Be prepared to make your presentation within 3 days.
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Rise of Corporate America
• See graph on page 537
Write a one sentence summary of the graph on page 537.
_________________________________________
________________________________________.
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The Character of Industrial Change• 6 features dominated
manufacturing:
– Exploitation of coal– Spread of technology
– Control of workers– Pressure on firms to
compete– Relentless drop in prices– Of money supply to keep
pace with productivity
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Railroad Innovations• Collis P. Huntington, Central Pacific• Jay Gould, Union Pacific• James J. Hill, Northern Pacific
• Generous land grants and loan subsidies
• Magnetic telegraph• Divisions• Superintendents• Accounting systems
I’ve been
working on the
railroad all the
live-long day!
Jay Gould
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Consolidating the Railroad Industry
• Robber Barons
• Standard 4’8 ½” gauge track
• Interstate Commerce Act, 1887J.P. J. Pierpont
Morgan
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Applying the Lessons
of Railroads to Steel• Bobbin Boy $1.25 a week
• Secretary to Tom Scott,Pennsylvania Railroad1870’s first steel mill built
“Watch the COST and the PROFITS will take care of themselves.”
Vertical Integration
Andrew Carnegie
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Figure 18.1: Iron and Steel
Production, 1875–1915
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The Trust: Creating New Forms of Corporate Organization
• Edwin L. Drake– 1st crude-oil well 1859
– Passion for cutting costs
– Standard Oil Trust 1882
John
D. Rockefeller
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act 1890
United States
vs.
E.C Knight Company
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Stimulating Economic Growth
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The Triumph of Technology
• Thomas A. Edison
• Electrical lighting
Read “Electricity” pp. 544-545.
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Specialized Production
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Electricity
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Figure 18.2: Mergers in Mining and
Manufacturing, 1895–1910
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Figure 18.2:
Mergers in Mining and Manufactu
ring, 1895–1910
(cont’d)
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Advertising and Marketing
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Social and Environmental Costs and Benefits
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The NEW SOUTH
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Obstacles to Economic Development
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The New South Creed and Southern Industrialization
• Henry W. Grady
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The Southern Mill Economy
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Southern Industrial Lag
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Factories and the Work Force
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From Workshop to Factory
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Hardships of Industrial Labor
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Immigrant Labor
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Chinese Labor
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Woman and Work in Industrial America
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Hard Work and the Gospel of Success
• Horatio Alger
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Labor Unions and Industrial Conflict
• National Labor Union
• Knights of Labor
• Wildcat strikes
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Organizing Workers
• National Labor Uniton
(NLU)• Knights of Labor
• American Federation of Labor (AFL)
• Samuel Gompers
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Strikes and Labor Unrest• Homestead Strike
• Eugene V. Debs
• Supreme Court Inre Debs
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Social Thinkers Probe for Alternatives
• William Graham Sumner
• Social Darwinism
• Marxism
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Conclusion