The Renal Drug HandbookThird EdiTion

The Renal Drug Handbook

Third EdiTion

Edited by

Caroline Ashley and Aileen CurrieUK Renal Pharmacy Group

Foreword by

Dr Aine Burns

radcliffe PublishingOxford New York

Radcliffe Publishing Ltd18 Marcham RoadAbingdonOxon OX14 1AAUnited Kingdom

www.radcliffe-oxford.comElectronic catalogue and worldwide online ordering facility.

2009 Caroline Ashley and Aileen Currie

First Edition 1999Second Edition 2004

Caroline Ashley and Aileen Currie have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1998 to be identified as the authors of this work.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.

Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of these guidelines, and that the best information available has been used. This does not diminish the requirement to exercise clinical judgement, and neither the publishers nor the original authors can accept any responsibility for their use in practice.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN-13: 978 184619 298 2

Typeset by Pindar NZ, Auckland, New ZealandPrinted and bound by TJI Digital, Padstow, Cornwall, UK

http://www.radcliffe-oxford.com/

ContentsForeword xiiiPreface xivAbout the editors xviiiList of abbreviations xix

Abacavir 1

Abatacept 2

Abciximab 3

Acamprosate calcium 4

Acarbose 5

Acebutolol 6

Aceclofenac 7

Acenocoumarol (nicoumalone) 8

Acetazolamide 10

Acetylcysteine 11

Aciclovir iV 12

Aciclovir oral 14

Acipimox 15

Acitretin 16

Acrivastine 17

Adefovir dipivoxil 18

Adenosine 19

Adrenaline (epinephrine) 20

Albendazole (unlicensed product) 21

Alemtuzumab (MabCampath) 22

Alendronic acid 23

Alfacalcidol 24

Alfentanil 25

Alimemazine tartrate (trimeprazine) 27

Aliskiren fumarate 28

Allopurinol 29

Almotriptan 30

Alteplase (rt-PA) (recombinant human

tissue-type plasminogen activator) 31

Aluminium hydroxide 33

Amantadine hydrochloride 34

Amikacin 35

Amiloride hydrochloride 36

Aminophylline 37

Amiodarone hydrochloride 39

Amisulpride 41

Amitriptyline hydrochloride 42

Amlodipine 44

Amoxicillin 45

Amphotericin iV Abelcet (lipid complex) 46

Amphotericin iV Ambisome (liposomal) 47

Amphotericin iV Amphocil (complex

with sodium cholesteryl sulphate) 49

Amphotericin iV Fungizone 50

Ampicillin 52

Amprenavir 53

Amsacrine 55

Anagrelide 56

Anastrozole 57

Anidulafungin 58

Apomorphine hydrochloride 59

Aprepitant 60

Argatroban 61

Aripiprazole 62

Arsenic trioxide 63

Artemether with lumefantrine 64

Ascorbic acid 65

Aspirin 66

Atazanavir 67

Atenolol 69

ATG (rabbit) (Thymoglobuline) 70

Atorvastatin 72

Atovaquone 73

Atracurium besilate 74

Auranofin 75

Azathioprine 76

Azithromycin 77

Aztreonam 78

Baclofen 79

Balsalazide sodium 80

Basiliximab 81

Bemiparin sodium (LMWh) 82

Bendroflumethiazide 83

vi ConTEnTs

Benzatropine mesilate (benztropine) 84

Benzbromarone (unlicensed product) 85

Benzylpenicillin 86

Betahistine dihydrochloride 87

Betamethasone 88

Betaxolol hydrochloride 89

Bevacizumab 90

Bezafibrate 91

Bicalutamide 92

Bisacodyl 93

Bisoprolol fumarate 94

Bivalirudin 95

Bleomycin 96

Bortezomib 97

Bosentan 98

Bromocriptine 99

Budesonide 100

Bumetanide 101

Buprenorphine 102

Bupropion hydrochloride

(amfebutamone hCl) 103

Buspirone hydrochloride 104

Busulfan 105

Cabergoline 106

Calcitonin (salmon)/salcatonin 107

Calcitriol 108

Calcium acetate 109

Calcium carbonate 110

Calcium gluconate 111

Calcium resonium 112

Candesartan cilexetil 113

Capecitabine 114

Capreomycin 115

Captopril 116

Carbamazepine 117

Carbimazole 119

Carboplatin 120

Carmustine 121

Carvedilol 122

Caspofungin 123

Cefaclor 124

Cefadroxil 125

Cefalexin 126

Cefixime 127

Cefotaxime 128

Cefpodoxime 129

Cefradine 130

Ceftazidime 131

Ceftriaxone 132

Cefuroxime (oral) 133

Cefuroxime (parenteral) 134

Celecoxib 135

Celiprolol hydrochloride 137

Cetirizine hydrochloride 138

Cetuximab 139

Chloral hydrate 140

Chlorambucil 141

Chloramphenicol 142

Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride 143

Chloroquine 144

Chlorphenamine maleate

(chlorpheniramine) 145

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride 146

Chlorpropamide 148

Chlortalidone (chlorthalidone) 149

Ciclosporin 150

Cidofovir 152

Cilazapril 153

Cilostazol 154

Cimetidine 155

Cinacalcet 157

Cinnarizine 158

Ciprofibrate 159

Ciprofloxacin 160

Cisplatin 161

Citalopram 163

Cladribine 164

Clarithromycin 165

Clindamycin 167

Clobazam 168

Clofazimine 169

Clomethiazole (chlormethiazole) 170

Clomipramine hydrochloride 171

Clonazepam 173

Clonidine hydrochloride 174

Clopidogrel 175

Clozapine 176

Co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) 178

Co-beneldopa (Madopar) 179

Co-careldopa (sinemet) 180

Co-codamol (paracetamol and codeine

phosphate) 181

Codeine phosphate 182

Co-dydramol (paracetamol and

dihydrocodeine) 183

ConTEnTs vii

Colchicine 184

Colestipol hydrochloride 185

Colestyramine (cholestyramine) 186

Colistin 187

Cortisone acetate 189

Co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim +

sulfamethoxazole) 190

Cyclizine 192

Cyclopenthiazide 193

Cyclophosphamide 194

Cycloserine 195

Cyproterone acetate 196

Cytarabine 197

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) human

immunoglobulin (unlicensed

product) 199

dacarbazine 200

daclizumab 201

dactinomycin 202

dalteparin sodium (LMWh) 203

danaparoid sodium 205

dapsone 207

daptomycin 208

darbepoetin alfa 209

darifenacin 210

darunavir 211

dasatinib 212

daunorubicin 213

deferasirox 214

deferiprone 215

deflazacort 216

demeclocycline hydrochloride 217

desferrioxamine mesilate 218

desirudin (unlicensed product) 220

desloratadine 221

desmopressin (ddAVP) 222

dexamethasone 223

dexibuprofen 224

Dexketoprofen 225

diamorphine hydrochloride 226

diazepam 227

diazoxide 228

diclofenac sodium 229

didanosine 231

digitoxin 232

digoxin 233

dihydrocodeine tartrate 234

diltiazem hydrochloride 235

dipyridamole 236

disodium etidronate 237

disodium pamidronate 238

disopyramide 239

disulfiram 241

dobutamine 242

docetaxel 243

dolasetron mesilate 244

domperidone 245

donepezil hydrochloride 246

dopamine hydrochloride 247

dopexamine hydrochloride 248

dornase alfa 249

dosulepin hydrochloride (dothiepin) 250

doxapram hydrochloride 252

doxazosin 253

doxorubicin hydrochloride 254

doxycycline 255

drotrecogin alfa 256

duloxetine 257

Efalizumab 258

Efavirenz 259

Eletriptan 260

Emtricitabine 261

Enalapril maleate 262

Enfuvirtide 263

Enoxaparin sodium (LMWh) 264

Entecavir 266

Epirubicin hydrochloride 267

Eplerenone 268

Epoetin alfa (Eprex) 270

Epoetin beta (neorecormon) 271

Epoprostenol (prostacyclin) 272

Eprosartan 273

Eptifibatide 274

Erlotinib 275

Ertapenem 276

Erythromycin 277

Escitalopram 279

Esmolol hydrochloride 280

Esomeprazole 281

Estramustine phosphate 282

Etamsylate 283

Ethambutol hydrochloride 284

Ethosuximide 285

Etodolac 286

viii ConTEnTs

Etomidate 288

Etoposide 289

Etoricoxib 291

Everolimus (unlicensed product) 293

Exenatide 294

Ezetimibe 295

Famciclovir 296

Famotidine 297

Felodipine 298

Fenofibrate 299

Fenoprofen 300

Fentanyl 302

Ferrous gluconate 303

Ferrous sulphate 304

Fexofenadine hydrochloride 305

Filgrastim 306

Finasteride 307

Flecainide acetate 308

Flucloxacillin 310

Fluconazole 311

Flucytosine 313

Fludarabine phosphate 314

Fludrocortisone acetate 315

Flumazenil 316

Fluorouracil 317

Fluoxetine 318

Flupentixol 320

Fluphenazine 321

Flurbiprofen 322

Flutamide 324

Fluvastatin 325

Fluvoxamine maleate 326

Folic acid 327

Folinic acid (calcium folinate) 328

Fondaparinux sodium 329

Formoterol fumarate (eformoterol) 330

Fosamprenavir 331

Foscarnet sodium 332

Fosinopril sodium 333

Fosphenytoin sodium 334

Frovatriptan 336

Fulvestrant 337

Furosemide (frusemide) 338

Gabapentin 340

Galantamine 341

Ganciclovir 342

Gemcitabine 343

Gemfibrozil 344

Gentamicin 345

Glibenclamide 346

Gliclazide 347

Glimepiride 348

Glipizide 349

Glyceryl trinitrate 350