the recapitulation of ot history in the letters to the seven churches
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The Recapitulation of OT History in the letters to the seven churches. Dr. Jean-Luc Murk, MD VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. The Recapitulation of OT History in Revelation’s seven letters. I The Seven Letters and the OT II The Seven Letters and Rev. 12 -14. Ephesus. 5. Smyrna. Pergamos. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Recapitulation of OT The Recapitulation of OT HistoryHistoryin the letters to the seven in the letters to the seven churcheschurches
Dr. Jean-Luc Murk, MDDr. Jean-Luc Murk, MD
VUmc, Amsterdam, The VUmc, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsNetherlands
The Recapitulation of OT The Recapitulation of OT HistoryHistoryin Revelation’s seven lettersin Revelation’s seven letters I The Seven Letters and the OTI The Seven Letters and the OT II The Seven Letters and Rev. 12 -II The Seven Letters and Rev. 12 -
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23
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5
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Ephesus
Smyrna
Thyatira
Pergamos
Sardis
Philadelphia
Laodicea
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23
4
5
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7
Ephesus
Smyrna
Thyatira
Pergamos
Sardis
Philadelphia
Laodicea
Pergamos
PergamosPergamos
Christ with Sword(mouth)
Teaching of BalaamIdolatry
Judgment by Sword
Hidden Manna
Name in Stone
Lord’s Angel withSword (hand)
Teaching of BalaamIdolatry
Judgment by Sword
MannaIsrael in Desert
Ten Commandments
Pergamos - Pergamos - ConclusionsConclusions The letter forms a The letter forms a coherent unitycoherent unity
– Introduction, body of the text and Introduction, body of the text and promise all relate to each otherpromise all relate to each other
The letter has a The letter has a single OT themesingle OT theme::– Israel’s encounter with Balaam in Israel’s encounter with Balaam in
the desertthe desert The The OT theme is adaptedOT theme is adapted to the to the
circumstances of the churchcircumstances of the church Correlation with OT: Correlation with OT: thematic > thematic >
verbalverbal
PergamosIsrael in Desert
Ephesus
EphesusEphesus
Christ walksamong lampstands
& Seven Stars
False ApostlesFirst Love LostRemove Lamp?
Get fruit ofTree of Lifein Paradise
God walks in Eden
SerpentFall: DistanceOut of Eden
Lost access toTree of Life &
Paradise
Genesis 3
PergamosIsrael in Desert
EphesusFallSmyrna
SmyrnaSmyrna
Christ:First, Last,
dead but now Alive
Afflictions10 days Persecution
Crown of Life
No second death
“I know your afflictions”
“I know your afflictions”LXX Exodus 3:7,9; 4:31
SmyrnaSmyrna
Christ:First, Last,
dead but now Alive
Afflictions10 days Persecution
Crown of Life
No second death
Lord’s Angel:I AM
AfflictionsOppression untilappointed time
Deliverance
No judgment
Exodus 3
SmyrnaSmyrna
Additional parallels:Additional parallels:– God’s people living in pagan city / God’s people living in pagan city /
countrycountry– Oppression by pagan rulersOppression by pagan rulers
PergamosIsrael in Desert
EphesusFallSmyrna
Oppression Egypt
Thyatira
ThyatiraThyatira
Christ:Eyes like Fire
Feet like Brass
Jezebel’s influenceHer punishment
Death allies & children
Power over heathensMorningstar
Michael:Eyes like Fire
Feet like Brass
Jezebel’s influenceHer punishment
Death allies & children
Power over heathens
Daniel 10
Thyatira Thyatira Jezebel = Babylon?Jezebel = Babylon?
JezebelJezebel– Prostitute (3:21)Prostitute (3:21)– Children (3:23)Children (3:23)– Tempts (3:30)Tempts (3:30)– Judged by Christ Judged by Christ
(3:22)(3:22)
Babylon (in Babylon (in Revelation)Revelation)– Prostitute (17:1)Prostitute (17:1)– Children (17:5)Children (17:5)– Tempts (18:24)Tempts (18:24)– Judged by Christ Judged by Christ
(17:14)(17:14)
Thyatira Thyatira Jezebel = Babylon?Jezebel = Babylon?
OT JezebelOT Jezebel– Reigned by AhabReigned by Ahab
(I Kings 21:7,8)(I Kings 21:7,8)– Persecution of Persecution of
prophetsprophets– Persecution of Elijah Persecution of Elijah
for 3.5 years (Jam for 3.5 years (Jam 5:17)5:17)
Babylon (in Babylon (in Revelation)Revelation)– Reigns by beast and Reigns by beast and
worldly kings worldly kings (17:3,18)(17:3,18)
– Persecution of saintsPersecution of saints– Persecution of Elijah Persecution of Elijah
for 42 months for 42 months (11:2,3,7,8)(11:2,3,7,8)
Thyatira - ConclusionsThyatira - Conclusions
Jezebel might represent BabylonJezebel might represent Babylon– different perspective: different perspective:
outside ~ within the churchoutside ~ within the church Vision of Michael (Daniel 10-12):Vision of Michael (Daniel 10-12):
to affirm power over Satan and to affirm power over Satan and BabylonBabylon
PergamosIsrael in Desert
EphesusFallSmyrna
Oppression Egypt
ThyatiraApostacy & Exile
Sardis
SardisSardis
Christ hasSeven Spirits &
Seven starsNot Alive but Dead
Filthy GarmentsCall to Repentance
Some walk with Christ
White ClothesStay in Book of Life
High-priest Joshua:Filthy GarmentsCall to repentance
White Clothes
Zechariah 3
SardisSardis
““Revelation 5:6Revelation 5:6 He had seven horns He had seven horns and and seven eyesseven eyes, which are the , which are the seven seven spiritsspirits of God sent out of God sent out into all the into all the earthearth.”.”
““Zechariah 3:9 There are seven eyes on that one stone …' says the LORD Almighty'.
““Zechariah 4:10 These seven are the eyes of the LORD, which range throughout the earth.
SardisSardis
Christ hasSeven Spirits &
Seven starsSpiritually DeadFilthy Garments
Call to RepentanceSome walk with Christ
White ClothesNot deleted from
Book of Life
Lord’s Angel,Stone withSeven Eyes
White Clothes
Zechariah 3
High-priest Joshua:Filthy GarmentsCall to repentance
PergamosIsrael in Desert
EphesusFallSmyrna
Oppression Egypt
ThyatiraApostacy & Exile
SardisReturn Exile 1
Philadelphia
PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia
Christ: Holy, True,Key of David
Christ opens doorChurch is weak
Enemies will fall downSaved in Tribulation
Place in TempleName of God & Christ
Name Jerusalem
God: Holy (45:11)
God opens doors (45:1)
Israel is weakEnemies will fall down
Isaiah 45
PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia
Revelation 3:12Him who overcomes I will make a pillar in the temple of my God…
I will write on him the name of my God and
the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem…and I will also writeon him my new name.
Revelation 7:3 144,000:“put a seal on the foreheadsof the servants of our God.”
Revelation 14:1Then I looked, and therebefore me was the Lamb,standing on Mount Zion, andwith him 144,000 who hadhis name and his Father'sname written on theirforeheads.
PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia
Revelation 3:12Revelation 3:12Him who overcomes I will make a pillar in the temple of my God…
I will write on him the name of my God and
the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem…and I will also write on him my new name.
Isaiah 56:5,7Isaiah 56:5,7to them I will givewithin my temple and its walls a memorial …
I will give them an everlasting name …
these I will bring tomy holy mountain and give them joy in my house of prayer.
Isaiah 56:6all who keep the Sabbath without desecrating it
and who hold fast to my covenant
PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia
Place in TempleName of God & Christ
Name Jerusalem
Isaiah 45
Christ: Holy, True,Key of David
Christ opens doorChurch is weak
Enemies will fall downProtection for church
God: Holy (45:11)
God opens doors (45:1)
Israel is weakEnemies will fall down
Place in TempleEternal Name
JerusalemIsaiah 56
PergamosIsrael in Desert
EphesusFallSmyrna
Oppression Egypt
ThyatiraApostacy & Exile
SardisReturn exile 1
PhiladelphiaReturn exile 2
Laodicea
LaodiceaLaodicea
Christ: AmenTrue, Faithful WitnessBeginning of Creation
Lukewarm, NakedGold tried in Fire
White ClothesAt the door: meal
Sit on Christ’s Throne
AmenIsaiah 65:16 (LXX)
LaodiceaLaodicea
Isaiah 65:16,17Isaiah 65:16,17““I will destine you for the sword … for I called but you did not answer. “ “
““Whoever invokes a blessing in the land will Whoever invokes a blessing in the land will do so by the do so by the God of truthGod of truth… For the past … For the past troubles will be forgotten and hidden from troubles will be forgotten and hidden from my eyes.”my eyes.”
"Behold, I will create "Behold, I will create new heavens and a new heavens and a new earthnew earth. The former things will not be . The former things will not be remembered, nor will they come to mind.”remembered, nor will they come to mind.”
LaodiceaLaodicea
Christ: AmenTrue, Faithful WitnessBeginning of Creation
Lukewarm, NakedGold tried in Fire
White ClothesAt the door: meal
Sit on Christ’s Throne
AmenIsaiah 65:16 (LXX)
Gold tried in FireMaleachi 3:2,3
LaodiceaLaodicea
Maleachi 3:2,3Maleachi 3:2,3
““But who can endure the day of his coming? Who can stand when he appears? For he will be like a refiner's fire or a launderer's soap. He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; he will purify the Levites and refine them like gold and silver.”.”
LaodiceaLaodicea
Christ: AmenTrue, Faithful WitnessBeginning of Creation
Lukewarm, NakedGold tried in Fire,
White ClothesAt the door: meal
Sit on Christ’s Throne
AmenIsaiah 65:16 (LXX)
Gold tried in FireMaleachi 3:2,3
Rule with Son of ManDaniel 7:26,27
LaodiceaLaodicea
Daniel 7:26,27Daniel 7:26,27
““But the court will sit…Then the sovereignty, power and greatness of the kingdoms under the whole heaven will be handed over to the saints, the people of the Most High.””
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PergamosIsrael in Desert
EphesusFallSmyrna
Oppression Egypt
ThyatiraApostacy & Exile
SardisReturn exile 1
PhiladelphiaReturn exile 2Laodicea
End-time Judgment
Revelation 12 -14Revelation 12 -14
Dragon vs Woman12:1-4 EphesusFallGenesis 3
SmyrnaEgypt
12:5 Dragon vs Male ChildEgypt, Herod
“Revelation 2:8-9 These are the words of him who is
the First and the Last, who died and came to life again.
I know your afflictions…”
Dragon vs Woman12:1-4 EphesusFallGenesis 3
SmyrnaEgypt
12:5 Dragon vs Male ChildEgypt, Herod
PergamosBalaam
Woman to Desert12:6Israel in Desert
ThyatiraMichael
Dragon vs Michael12:7-9
:10-16Woman to Desert Jezebel
SardisBook of Life
Dragon vs OffspringBook of Life
12:17-13:8
“Zechariah 3:2Is not this man a burning stick
snatched from the fire?”
Dragon vs Woman12:1-4 EphesusFallGenesis 3
SmyrnaEgypt
12:5 Dragon vs Male ChildEgypt, Herod
PergamosBalaam
Woman to Desert12:6Israel in Desert
ThyatiraMichael
Dragon vs Michael12:7-9
:10-16Woman to Desert Jezebel
SardisBook of Life
Dragon vs OffspringBook of Life
12:17-13:8
PhiladelphiaSeal
Sealing13:9-14:5
LaodiceaJudgment Announced14:6,7
Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!