The Quarterly Journal ofMicroscopical Science

FOUNDED 1853

December 1956

VOL. 97 -PART 4 (THIRD SERIES, NO. 40)

Joint Editors

C F. A. PAN TIN, ScD., F.R.S.

JOHN R. BAKER, D.Sc.

Published for the Company of Biologists Limited

OXFORD: AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

Price 30J. net Subscription for Volume £4. 45.

NOTICE TO CONTRIBUTORSStudy of this notice may accelerate publication by three months.

Contributions to the Journal should be sent to Dr. C. F. A. Pantin, Dept. of Zoology,Downing St., Cambridge. If any preliminary communication on the subject of a paperoffered to the Editors has been sent to another journal, a note to this effect mustaccompany the manuscript.

Manuscripts must be typewritten (double-spaced). Typescripts should be fully cor-rected. An allowance of ids. per sheet of sixteen pages is made for alterations in proof,contributors being responsible for any excess.

Manuscripts should be as concise as possible. Papers that conform to the instruc-tions given on this page and do not exceed 6,000 words will usually be published morequickly than others.

Extensive introductory matter and long discussions, commonly required in theses foruniversity degrees, should not be included in the manuscript.

Division of the matter into sub-headings must follow a consistent plan and excessivesubdivision must be avoided.

All manuscripts must be accompanied by a summary, not exceeding 5% of thelength of the paper and in no case exceeding 500 words. The summary should containno illustration or table and should be intelligible by itself without reference to illustra-tions or tables in the body of the paper. The summary must be a brief statement of thechief results obtained: it must not be a mere list of subjects discussed. It must be placedat the beginning of the paper, after the author's name and postal address.Footnotes must not be used.Acknowledgements must be placed at the end of the paper, before the references.References should be given in the following style:

Goodrich, E. S., 1919. The evolution of living organisms. London (Jack).Lankester, E. R., 1904. Quart. J. micr. Sci., 48, 165.If it is considered desirable to give the titles of papers, they should be placed in

inverted commas immediately after the dates of the references.Authors receive 50 copies of their contributions gratis, and may buy additional copies

if they apply to the Editors when they return the corrected proofs.

ILLUSTRATIONSAll figures, both text-figures and plates, must be numbered in a single series (figs.

1,2,3, &c). There must not be one numbered series of text-figures and another separatelynumbered series of plates. The plates should be arranged in their most appropriatepositions in relation to the other illustrations.

Very large illustrations will not be accepted by the Editors. Nothing should besent that will not fit easily into an envelope 40 x 30 cm. (about 16x12 inches).

The magnification of every illustration must be indicated by a scale drawn on it.

The lettering of all illustrations should be clearly written on tracing paper bearingaccurate outlines of the objects indicated by the lettering. Abbreviations must not beused unless this is absolutely necessary. If used, they must be written in lower-case letterswithout marks of punctuation.

Authors may be asked to provide grants for excessive illustration.

A typewritten (double-spaced) list of the legends of all figures must be provided.

Text-figures. Drawings should be 'line and dot' in black process ink. If severaldrawings or graphs compose a single text-figure, they should be labelled A,B, C, &c.All such drawings or graphs, constituting a single text-figure, must be mounted intheir correct positions on a single sheet of cardboard. Text-figures should be madeabout half as large again as the final size, in linear dimensions. Thus a text-figuredestined to occupy a whole page should be about 30 x 19£ cm.

Plates. When several photomicrographs are grouped to form a single plate, theyshould, if possible, be arranged to occupy an area of approximately the right shape tofill the available space (20 x 13 cm.), and they must be neatly pasted to a single pieceof cardboard. The photomicrographs in a single plate must be labelled A, B, C, &c.

SINGER MICROMANIPULATORS(patent application 11559/48: Foreign patents pending)

As described by Barer and Saunders-Singer, Q.J.M.S., Vol. 89, pp. 439-47, Dec. 1948

SINGER INSTRUMENT COMPANY LIMITEDFOUNTAIN COURT, 83 LONDON STREET

READING, BERKSHIRE, ENGLANDManufacturers also of

Singer Microdissectors (patent application 14135/50: Foreign patents pending)

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NEW MODELThis Instrument Is avail-

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blood stains

The blood stains manufacturedand supplied by B.D.H. reflect longexperience in the preparation ofhistological stains. Each batch ofblood stain is carefully tested onsmears of normal and trypanosome-infectcd blood to ensure that it givesprecise differential staining of thevarious cell elements, and is re-testedat intervals as a precaution againstdeterioration in stock.

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Official repairing agentsin Great Britain for

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ZEISS APPARATUSWe can undertake to overhaul and repair most Zeiss instruments.

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JOURNAL OF THEMarine Biological Association

OF THE UNITED KINGDOM

THE ASSOCIATION was founded in 1884 to promote accurate researchesleading to the advancement of zoological and botanical science and to anincrease in our knowledge of the food, life, conditions, and habits ofBritish fishes. The work of the Association is carried out at their labora-tory at Plymouth, where a rich and varied fauna is to be found.

The journal contains records of the work done at the laboratory togetherwith articles on original research in marine biology, physiology, and alliedsubjects from other research establishments in the British Isles andoverseas.

The journal is issued three times a year, the price of each part varies withthe amount of material contained. Orders may be placed with yourbookseller or sent direct to the publishers:

Current issue, Vol. 35, No. 3. October 1956. 42s. net

Cambridge University PressBENTLEY HOUSE : 200 EUSTON ROAD : LONDON, N.W.I

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ON THE PURE AND APPLIEDSCIENCES always in stock

FOREIGN BOOKS. Continental and American worksnot in stock obtained to order with the least possibledelay.

Science Catalogues on request Please state interests

SCIENTIFIC LENDING LIBRARYAnnual Subscription from £1. 17s. 6d.Prospectus post free on application

THE LIBRARY CATALOGUE, revised to December 1949. Pp. xii+1152To subscribers 17s. 6d. net, to non-subscribers 35s. net, postage Is. 9d.Supplement 1950 to 1952: To subscribers 1s. 6d. net, to non-subscribers

3s. net, postage 8d.Bi-monthly List of New Books and New Editions post free on request

SECONDHAND BOOK

H. K. LEWIS & Co. Ltd.136 GOWER STREET, LONDON, W.C. I

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MICROSCOPICAL ACCESSORIES

Parallel LensStand

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The Journal of

Experimental BiologyEdited by V. B. WIGGLESWORTH and J. A. RAMSAY

Cfl The official medium for the publications of the Society forExperimental Biology, including articles on experimentalbiology and comparative physiology, whether zoological orbotanical.€| The Society is affiliated to the Biological Council and theJournal is included in the Council's 'Contents Lists' service.€| The subscription rate is £4. 45. net per volume. Singlenumbers cost £1. 10s. net, double numbers £3 net each.CJ The current issue is Volume 33, No. 4, December 1956.

CAMBRIDGE U N I V E R S I T Y PRESSBentley House, 200 Euston Road, London, N.W. 1

The Journal ofGeneral MicrobiologyEditors: B. C. J. G. KNIGHT and A. F . B. STANDFAST

Thejournal of General Microbiology is conducted by the Society for General Micro-biology, whose aim is to promote the advancement of microbiology by providing acommon meeting ground for those working in all the various specialized fieldsincluding, for example, medical, veterinary, agricultural and economic microbiology.The Society is concerned with the more fundamental aspects of the study of bacteria,viruses, micro-fungi, protozoa and microscopic algae in their various biologicalactivities, its members being united by the common aim of developing scientificknowledge concerning micro-organisms.

The subscription rate is 901. net per volume of 3 parts. Single parts 35s. each, pluspostage. Two volumes will be issued each year. Orders should be sent to

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSBENTLEY HOUSE, zoo EUSTON ROAD, LONDON, N.W.I

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REFLECTING MICROSCOPE

The Beck Reflecting Microscope has been designedto enable the full advantage to be taken of the newseries of reflecting objectives, developed from thedesigns of the Wheatstone Laboratory and MedicalResearch Council Biophysics Research Unit at King'sCollege, London.

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