the progressive era, 1900-1916 -...
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The Progressive Era, 1900-1916
Chapter 18
Unit 6
Society at the Turn of the 20th Century
• Industry was consumer driven
– Promise of abundance takes the form of
department stores
– Time-saving and leisure products like washing
machines, sewing machines, and record players
• Henry Ford’s mass production of the Model T
is a perfect example
– Sold for $700 in 1910 and $316 in 1916
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Urbanization and the working class
• Tenements were the standard
home for working class
(immigrants and laborers)
• Overcrowded : single family
(10-12 people) sharing a 13
square foot space.
• No indoor plumbing and poor
ventilation led to the spread
of diseases
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Working Conditions
• Fordism: Pay workers enough to buy the
product they make
– Workers paid $5 a day, twice the standard
• Triangle Shirtwaist Fire killed 146 workers in
1911
Muckrakers• Journalists exposed the negative impact of
urban and industrial life, as well as political
and economic corruption
• Photographers Lewis Hine and Jacob Riis
– Writers Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair
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Progressivism
• Reformers pushed for large scale
changes and govt. regulations to
improve working and living
conditions
• Socialists wanted the govt. to take
control of industry
– Eugene Debs and the International
Workers of the World (IWW)
organized strikes
• Women were a significant force
for progressive reform
— Jane Addams opened Hull House
to help Chicago’s immigrants
—Mary “Mother” Jones organized
and led labor strikes
—Margaret Sanger advocated for
family planning and birth control