The present state of The present state of geographic information geographic information systems for towns and systems for towns and

cities in cities in the the Czech RepublicCzech Republic

Ing. Jiří CajthIng. Jiří CajthamlamlDepartment of mapping and cartographyDepartment of mapping and cartography

Faculty of Civil EngineeringFaculty of Civil Engineering, , CTUCTU inin Pra PraguegueThákurova 7Thákurova 7

166 29 Praha 6166 29 Praha 6E – mail: cajthaml@gama.fsv.cvut.czE – mail: cajthaml@gama.fsv.cvut.cz

Aims of the workAims of the work

-- survey of usage of GIS in officsurvey of usage of GIS in officeess

- - get information about get information about implementationimplementation

- - discover advantages anddiscover advantages and disadvantagdisadvantages of GIS productses of GIS products

-- get some relative information about get some relative information about GIS products and their usage GIS products and their usage

- - find problems of GIS usage in the CRfind problems of GIS usage in the CR

Specific surveysSpecific surveys

1.1. Survey in municipal authoritiesSurvey in municipal authorities- - email correspondence with offices (email correspondence with offices (58 58 out out ofof7272 ((8181%) of towns and cities answered to my %) of towns and cities answered to my questionnaire)questionnaire)- - web pages of towns and citiesweb pages of towns and cities-- data from students work at our dempartmentdata from students work at our dempartment

2.2. Survey of GIS productsSurvey of GIS products- - web pages of firmsweb pages of firms- - conference reports concerning GISconference reports concerning GIS-- email correspondence with GISemail correspondence with GIS producersproducers

Complex IS vs. GISComplex IS vs. GIS

-- two two optionsoptions how to create GIS how to create GIS

a.a. create complex IS with GIS partcreate complex IS with GIS part(products T-WIST, Cityware,(products T-WIST, Cityware,

City2000)City2000)

b.b. create only GIS and try to cooperatecreate only GIS and try to cooperate withwith other IS, which is used in theother IS, which is used in the office office

(widely used IS are products(widely used IS are products GINIS, Radnice VERA, MUNIS,GINIS, Radnice VERA, MUNIS, StavebnStavebníí úřúřad VITA, SAP R/3,ad VITA, SAP R/3,

RadnRadníí, Starosta,…), Starosta,…)

Complex IS: 14 Complex IS: 14 out out of 58 offices (24%)of 58 offices (24%)

T-WIST (by T-Mapy) – 6xT-WIST (by T-Mapy) – 6x

GIS part consist ofGIS part consist of

thick client (ArcGIS or GISel)thick client (ArcGIS or GISel)

thin client (T-map server)thin client (T-map server)

Cityware (by Geovap) – 7xCityware (by Geovap) – 7xGIS part consist ofGIS part consist of

thick client (Microstation + GeoStore)thick client (Microstation + GeoStore)

thin client (GSWeb)thin client (GSWeb)

Platform GIS vs. independent solutionPlatform GIS vs. independent solution

Two groups of software productsTwo groups of software products

1. 1. superstructures of general productssuperstructures of general products

(so called “platform products”)(so called “platform products”)

2.2. independent solutionsindependent solutions

(don’t need any other software to (don’t need any other software to function)function)

Platform GIS: 35Platform GIS: 35 out out of 58 offices (of 58 offices (6060%)%)

Superstructures of products bySuperstructures of products by- ESRI – 14x- ESRI – 14x

(T-Mapy, Digis, VARS, Elgeo) (T-Mapy, Digis, VARS, Elgeo) - Intergraph – 1x- Intergraph – 1x

(Espace) (Espace) - Autodesk – 1x- Autodesk – 1x

(AAC, Sitewell, DataSystem)(AAC, Sitewell, DataSystem)- Bentley – 17x- Bentley – 17x

(Geovap, HSI, Berit) (Geovap, HSI, Berit) - UMN – 2x- UMN – 2x

(Help Service, Help Forest)(Help Service, Help Forest)

Independent GIS: 15Independent GIS: 15 out out of 58 offices of 58 offices ((2626%)%)

Products by local producersProducts by local producers

- City2000 – 1x - City2000 – 1x (product City2000)(product City2000)

- Gepro – 5x- Gepro – 5x (product MISYS)(product MISYS)

- Geodézie-Topos – 4x- Geodézie-Topos – 4x (product Gramis)(product Gramis)

- Geod. Krkonoše – 2x- Geod. Krkonoše – 2x (product GIMIS)(product GIMIS)

- T-Mapy – 1x- T-Mapy – 1x (product GISel)(product GISel)

- Unicom Consult – 2x- Unicom Consult – 2x (product KomPas)(product KomPas)

Usage of RDBMSUsage of RDBMS

- advantages- advantages

- multi-user editing- multi-user editing

- transactions- transactions

- versioning- versioning

- widely used- widely used

- Oracle (T-Mapy, Geovap, Sitewell, - Oracle (T-Mapy, Geovap, Sitewell, Unicom, Berit,...) Unicom, Berit,...)

- MS SQL (T-Mapy, Geovap, Geodézie - MS SQL (T-Mapy, Geovap, Geodézie Krkonoše, Unicom,...) Krkonoše, Unicom,...)

- external connection by ODBC- external connection by ODBC

Approach to RDBMSApproach to RDBMS

- gate for storing data into database- gate for storing data into database

- ArcSDE by ESRI (used by T-Mapy)- ArcSDE by ESRI (used by T-Mapy)

- GeoStore by Geovap- GeoStore by Geovap

- PostGIS – OpenSource project- PostGIS – OpenSource project

– – gate for PostgreSQLgate for PostgreSQL

Support of data formatsSupport of data formats- vector data- vector data

- most supported are- most supported are

- - SHPSHP, Coverage (by ESRI), Coverage (by ESRI)

- DWG, DXF (by Autodesk)- DWG, DXF (by Autodesk)

- DGN (by Bentley)- DGN (by Bentley)

- MIF, MID (MapInfo)- MIF, MID (MapInfo)

- VFK (interchange format of- VFK (interchange format of

Czech cadastre)Czech cadastre)

- problems with own formats of - problems with own formats of local local productsproducts ((VYK in MISYS, BD in Gramis,...)VYK in MISYS, BD in Gramis,...)

- universal format - GML- universal format - GML

- - rasterraster data data

- most supported are- most supported are

TIFF, GeoTIFF, JPEG, GIF, BMP, CIT,TIFF, GeoTIFF, JPEG, GIF, BMP, CIT,

WMF, ECW, PNG, PCX, MrSID, RLE, WMF, ECW, PNG, PCX, MrSID, RLE,

RAS, COTRAS, COT

- attribute data- attribute data

- - moremore modern approach is to save modern approach is to save attributes into RDBMS attributes into RDBMS

GIS functionsGIS functions

- tools for geometrical data upkeeping- tools for geometrical data upkeeping- better refined in platform GIS- better refined in platform GIS (topology rules,...)(topology rules,...)

- tools for attribute upkeeping- tools for attribute upkeeping- analytical functions - analytical functions

- show “power of GIS”, often- show “power of GIS”, often missing in independent solutionsmissing in independent solutions

- visualization tools- visualization tools

Data for GISData for GIS

- most important part (most expensive)- most important part (most expensive)

-- cadastre data (VFK or VKM+DBF)cadastre data (VFK or VKM+DBF)

- - raster cadastre maps (CIT)raster cadastre maps (CIT)

-- ortophoto maps (TIFF, JPEG, MrSID)ortophoto maps (TIFF, JPEG, MrSID)

-- urban plans (mostly DXF or DWG)urban plans (mostly DXF or DWG)

- - digital technical maps of cities (DTMM, mostly indigital technical maps of cities (DTMM, mostly in

format DGN)format DGN)

- - ZABAGEDZABAGED

-- DTMDTM

-- many others....many others....

Price of GISPrice of GIS

GIS = hardware + software + dataGIS = hardware + software + data

hardware – hardware – PC, scanner, plotter, PC, scanner, plotter, internet connection,...internet connection,...

software – software – GIS product, web GIS product, web server, server, relational relational database,...database,...

data – up to 80% of total costsdata – up to 80% of total costs

Total costsTotal costs

- only 36 offices answered- only 36 offices answered

1. big regional cities (6 of 36)1. big regional cities (6 of 36)

– – costs above 15 million CZKcosts above 15 million CZK

2. bigger district cities (9 of 36)2. bigger district cities (9 of 36)

– – costs between 5 and 15 million CZKcosts between 5 and 15 million CZK

3. smaller district cities (21 of 36)3. smaller district cities (21 of 36)

- costs under 5 million CZK- costs under 5 million CZK

Open Source GISOpen Source GIS

-- GRASS – analytical GIS GRASS – analytical GIS -- PostgreSQL – relational databasePostgreSQL – relational database-- PostGIS – gate for storing data into database PostGIS – gate for storing data into database -- MapServer – map server, a project of MapServer – map server, a project of UMNUMN-- QGIS – tool for browsing many formats of dataQGIS – tool for browsing many formats of data-- JUMP – tool for browsing and manipulation of JUMP – tool for browsing and manipulation of

many formats of spatial data (like ArcView)many formats of spatial data (like ArcView)-- DeegreeDeegree

-- Help Service Remote Sensing – applications Help Service Remote Sensing – applications above Mapserverabove Mapserver

Information about GIS Information about GIS implementation to officesimplementation to offices

Who implements GIS?Who implements GIS?

- mostly the manufacturers of software- mostly the manufacturers of software

- sometimes geodetic firms- sometimes geodetic firms

- rarely offices themselves- rarely offices themselves

Year of introducing GIS to the officeYear of introducing GIS to the office

- every year since 1996 several towns introduced- every year since 1996 several towns introduced

GISGIS

- no trend- no trend

GIS administrationGIS administration45 offices answered45 offices answered

4 groups4 groups

- 6x – more than 2 administrators (district cities)- 6x – more than 2 administrators (district cities)

- 9x – 2 administrators (satisfactory)- 9x – 2 administrators (satisfactory)

- 25x – 1 administrator - 25x – 1 administrator

- 5x – without administrator (external firms)- 5x – without administrator (external firms)

- in many cases office network administrator is also - in many cases office network administrator is also GIS administratorGIS administrator

ConclusionsConclusions

-- complex IS – best way, but it means complex IS – best way, but it means reconstruction of whole system (problem)reconstruction of whole system (problem)

-- platform GIS (better, more expensive, ideal forplatform GIS (better, more expensive, ideal forbigger cities)bigger cities)

-- independent solution (without analytical independent solution (without analytical functions, cheaper, ideal for smaller towns)functions, cheaper, ideal for smaller towns)

-- data storing – best way = RDBMSdata storing – best way = RDBMS-- interoperability (data formats) – problems with interoperability (data formats) – problems with

own data formats, GML should be usedown data formats, GML should be used-- OpenSource solutions = alternative toOpenSource solutions = alternative to commercial productscommercial products

Thank you forThank you for your time your time and attentionand attention

Ing. Jiří CajthIng. Jiří CajthamlamlDepartment of mapping and cartographyDepartment of mapping and cartography

Faculty of Civil EngineeringFaculty of Civil Engineering, , CTUCTU inin Pra PraguegueThákurova 7Thákurova 7

166 29 Praha 6166 29 Praha 6E – mail: cajthaml@gama.fsv.cvut.czE – mail: cajthaml@gama.fsv.cvut.cz