The Periodic Table

I will know…..

× What is a periodic table and why is it important.

× What are the Parts of the periodic table.× Groups× Periods× Blocks

× What are some trends on the periodic table. (atomic size, metallic nature, electronegativity and ionization energy)

× Group Properties – Grp. I (1), VII (17), VIII (18) and Transition Elements

What is a periodic table?

It is the most important tool of chemistry. The periodic table is a tabular arrangement

of the chemical elements by increasing atomic number

It has 18 groups and 7 periods and 4 blocks. Group number = valence electrons Period number = # of principal energy shells What does a block denote? (research question)

Why is the periodic table important?

It provides an extremely useful framework to 1. Classify

2. Systematize

3. Compare different forms of chemical behavior.

4. Predict properties of unknown elements based on their position on the periodic table.

Group – represents number of valence electrons Vertical columns, also called families or groups

The following names for specific groups in the periodic table are in common use:

Group 1: alkali metals - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmiitvJiCPc

Group 2: alkaline earth metals

Group 3- 12: Transition elements - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms54GV7_kGs

Group 11: coinage metals (not IUPAC approved name)

Group 15: pnictogens (not IUPAC approved name)

Group 16: Chalcogens

Group 17: halogens - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yW_C10cEzMk

Group 18: noble gases/inert - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNaBMvJXdJ4

Period - represents number of principal energy shells

Horizontal rowsFirst period - shortestSixth period - longest

Block

A block of the periodic table of elements is a set of adjacent groups. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet.

These blocks are s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block.

How Does The Organization Of Elements In The Periodic Table Help Us To Make Predictions?

Group properties and Periodic Trends

https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/periodic-table #

Some Periodic Properties

Property Simple Definition

Atomic Radius Size of atom

Ionization Energy Energy required to lose a valence electrons

Electron Affinity Energy required to gain a single electron

Electronegativity Energy required to attract a bond pair of electrons

Periodic Trends

Property Trend in a Group Reason Trend in a

Period Reason

Atomic Radius

Increases on going down

a group

An extra shell is added

Decreases across a period

Effective nuclear charge

increases

Ionization Energy

Decrease on going down

a groupLarge size

Increases across a period

Small size

Electron Affinity

Increase down a group

Large sizeDecrease across a period

Small size

Electronegativity

Decrease on going down

a groupLarge size

Increases across a period

Small size

Summary of Trends in the Periodic table