the ozone!! by: the green squirrels names of team members april 20,2005
TRANSCRIPT
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The OZONE!!The OZONE!!By: The Green Squirrels
Names of Team Members
April 20,2005
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Goals of this presentationGoals of this presentation
• Inform you of the ozone depletion of course!!– Background and History– Chemical Principles – Some Facts – HOW IT AFFECTS YOU!
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Why Should You Know about the Ozone….
Why Should You Know about the Ozone….
• YOU…yes you…are one of the main factors in what is causing ozone depletion
• Because of ozone depletion you are susceptible to diseases such as cataracts, malignant melanoma, etc.
• Ozone depletion affects you and the world we live in
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Location, Location, LocationLocation, Location, Location
• The Ozone (O3) all around us
• 90% of the Ozone is contained in the stratosphere approx. 15 to 50 km above the earth
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STRATOSPHERIC OZONESTRATOSPHERIC OZONE
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What is this Ozone that I speak of?What is this Ozone that I speak of?
• Studies of the upper atmosphere dates back to the 1800’s!
• 1930 – Sidney Chapman
• Multiple studies before 1970 do not take into account humans
• Click Me
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What The Ozone DoesWhat The Ozone Does
• Earth’s Natural Sunscreen
• UV-A: relatively harmless; causes tanning not burning
• UV-B: harmful; causes sunburn, skin cancer, and other disorders
• UV-C: extremely harmful; but almost completely absorbed by ozone
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Causes Of Ozone DepletionCauses Of Ozone Depletion
• Chlorofluorocarbons: refrigerants, solvents, foam blowing agents
• Methyl Chloroform: solvent
• Carbon Tetrachloride: industrial chemical
• Halons: fire extinguishing agents
• Methyl bromide: produce and soil fumigant
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all uv-c and most uv-b never reaches the Earth’s surface
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Ozone (O3) is a molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen (O)
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high energy ultraviolet light = UV-C
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O2 + UV-C photon —› O + O
O + O2 —› O3 (ozone)
O3 + UV-B photon —› O + O2
O + O3 —› O2 + O2
O2 + UV-C photon —› O + O
O + O2 —› O3 (ozone)
O3 + UV-B photon —› O + O2
O + O3 —› O2 + O2
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CHAPMAN CYCLECHAPMAN CYCLE
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Causes Of Ozone DepletionCauses Of Ozone Depletion
• Chlorofluorocarbons: refrigerants, solvents, foam blowing agents
• Methyl Chloroform: solvent
• Carbon Tetrachloride: industrial chemical
• Halons: fire extinguishing agents
• Methyl bromide: produce and soil fumigant
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PROS and CONS of Ozone DepletionPROS and CONS of Ozone DepletionPROS
• There are no positives to ozone depletion.
CONS• Less plant production• Less frogs and
amphibians• Increase of skin cancer
and cataracts in humans
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Ozone Depletion Since 1980Ozone Depletion Since 1980
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Affects on Human HealthAffects on Human Health
Ultra Violet – B radiation damages human skin
• Non-melanoma skin Cancer
• Cataracts
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The Antarctic Ozone HoleThe Antarctic Ozone Hole
• Ozone levels have dropped 33% since 1975
• Most depletion happens from September to December
• 3 – 5 degree increase in temperature predicted for 2020
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Where did all this info come from??
Where did all this info come from??
• Barid, Colin, Wendy Gloffke. Chemistry in Your Life. W.H. Freeman 2003. New York
• CIESIN Thematic Guides: Ozone Depletion and Global Environmental Change– http://www.ciesin.org/TG/OZ/oz-home.html
• Hardy, John T., Climate Change Causes, Effects, and Solutions. John Wiley & Sons 2003. West Sussex, England.
• Miller, Tyler. Environmental Science. Thompson Brook/Cole. 2004. California
• http://www.ozonediw.org• The Ozone Hole
– http://www.theozonehole.com/ozonecreation.htm• U.S. EPA: Ozone Depletion Science
– http://www.epa.gov/ozone/science/index.html