THE NUMERALTHE NUMERAL

Categories of numeralsCategories of numerals

• Cardinal numbersCardinal numbers tell how many

(one, twenty, forty-four,

a million)

• Ordinal numbersOrdinal numbers show order

(first, twentieth, forty-fourth).  

Writing cardinal numbersWriting cardinal numbersDutch - English differences!!Dutch - English differences!!

1.1. Honderd drie Honderd drie

2. Dertienhonderd 2. Dertienhonderd vijfenzeventigvijfenzeventig

3. Veertigduizend 3. Veertigduizend negenhonderd zesnegenhonderd zes

1.1. A / oneA / one hundred hundred andand threethree

2. Thirteen hundred 2. Thirteen hundred andand seventyseventy--fivefive

3. Forty thousand nine 3. Forty thousand nine hundred hundred andand six six

Numerals over 2Numerals over 2,,000000Getallen boven 2Getallen boven 2..000000

• From two thousand onward, English From two thousand onward, English firstfirst mentions mentions the the thousandsthousands, then the hundreds!!!!, then the hundreds!!!!

• Zesentwintig honderd = two thousand six hundredZesentwintig honderd = two thousand six hundred

How much I love thee?How much I love thee?Let me count the ways:Let me count the ways:One... two... Three...One... two... Three...... three thousand one hundred and twenty one...... three thousand one hundred and twenty one...... umpteen gazillions and seventy-eight...... umpteen gazillions and seventy-eight...

Use of full stopUse of full stop• To separate off units of money and timeTo separate off units of money and time • Note: you don’t pronounce the full stopNote: you don’t pronounce the full stop

A full stop is also used before A full stop is also used before decimals, and pronounced decimals, and pronounced pointpoint

Een winst van 5,5 Een winst van 5,5 procentprocent

A profit of 5.5 per A profit of 5.5 per centcent

How to pronounce 0?How to pronounce 0?

• lovelove• nilnil• zerozero• noughtnought• oh oh

OrdinalsOrdinals

Spelling Spelling cardinal + th = ordinal cardinal + th = ordinal

• Exceptions:Exceptions:

• one - first one - first • two - second two - second • three - third three - third • five - fifth five - fifth • eight - eighth eight - eighth • nine - ninth nine - ninth • twelve – twelfthtwelve – twelfth• twenty – twentieth

(etc.)

Spelling of figuresSpelling of figures

• When an ordinal is When an ordinal is written in FIGURES, written in FIGURES,

the last two letters are the last two letters are added:added:

• first = 1st first = 1st • second = 2nd second = 2nd • third = 3rd third = 3rd • fourth = 4th fourth = 4th • twenty-sixth = 26th twenty-sixth = 26th • hundred and first = 101st hundred and first = 101st

NEVER just a full stop, as in NEVER just a full stop, as in Dutch! Dutch!

FractionsFractions • In fractions, an ordinal preceded by two or a higher In fractions, an ordinal preceded by two or a higher

cardinal is put in the cardinal is put in the PLURALPLURAL Two thirdTwo thirdss (in Dutch twee derde) (in Dutch twee derde)

• When a fraction is followed by a singular noun, the When a fraction is followed by a singular noun, the verb form is also singular:verb form is also singular:

1. Two thirds of the country was covered with snow1. Two thirds of the country was covered with snow.. BUT!!! BUT!!! When a fraction is followed by a plural noun, the verb When a fraction is followed by a plural noun, the verb

form is plural!form is plural!2. Two thirds of the students believe the country is in 2. Two thirds of the students believe the country is in

recession.recession.Compare this with Dutch!Compare this with Dutch!

Percentages practice: Task 1Percentages practice: Task 1What can you say about this graph?What can you say about this graph?

Think of three sentences using Think of three sentences using numerals or fractions numerals or fractions and say them in English to your neighbourand say them in English to your neighbour..

How to write dates?How to write dates?In British English, datesIn British English, datesare written in the orderare written in the orderday, month and year. day, month and year. The names of months The names of months

always begin with always begin with capital letters.capital letters.

• 15 August 200815 August 2008• August 15 2008 August 15 2008 • 15th August 200815th August 2008• August 15th 2008August 15th 2008

How about American How about American English? English?

A bit of translation: Task 2A bit of translation: Task 2

1.1. Drievierde van de klas slaapt altijd tijdens Drievierde van de klas slaapt altijd tijdens mijn uitleg.mijn uitleg.

2.2. Hij had een schuld van vijfentwintigduizend Hij had een schuld van vijfentwintigduizend tweehonderd tien euro. tweehonderd tien euro.

3.3. Elke honderdste gast krijgt een verassing.Elke honderdste gast krijgt een verassing.

4.4. Ik heb jou tientallen keren gebeld, jij mij nul Ik heb jou tientallen keren gebeld, jij mij nul keer. Lekker is dat. keer. Lekker is dat.

5.5. Ik heb net honderdduizenden euro verloren. Ik heb net honderdduizenden euro verloren.

• On the first day of college, the Dean On the first day of college, the Dean addressed the students, pointing out addressed the students, pointing out some of the rules: "The female dormitory some of the rules: "The female dormitory will be out-of-bounds for all male will be out-of-bounds for all male students, and the male dormitory to the students, and the male dormitory to the female students. Anybody caught female students. Anybody caught breaking this rule will be fined $20 the first breaking this rule will be fined $20 the first time." He continued, "Anybody caught time." He continued, "Anybody caught breaking this rule the second time will be breaking this rule the second time will be fined $60. Being caught a third time will fined $60. Being caught a third time will cost you a fine of $180. Are there any cost you a fine of $180. Are there any questions?" At this point, a male student questions?" At this point, a male student in the crowd inquired: "How much for a in the crowd inquired: "How much for a season passseason pass?"

• Reaching the end of a job interview, the HR Reaching the end of a job interview, the HR person asked the young MBA fresh out of person asked the young MBA fresh out of school: "And what starting salary were you school: "And what starting salary were you looking for?" The candidate said, "In the looking for?" The candidate said, "In the neighbourhood of $125,000 a year, depending on neighbourhood of $125,000 a year, depending on the benefits package." The HR person said, the benefits package." The HR person said, "Well, what would you say to a package of 5 "Well, what would you say to a package of 5 weeks vacation, 14 paid holidays, full medical weeks vacation, 14 paid holidays, full medical and dental, company matching retirement fund and dental, company matching retirement fund to 50% of salary and a company car leased every to 50% of salary and a company car leased every 2 years - say, a red Corvette?" The MBA sat up 2 years - say, a red Corvette?" The MBA sat up straight and said, "Wow!!! Are you kidding?" straight and said, "Wow!!! Are you kidding?" And the HR person said, "Certainly, ... but you And the HR person said, "Certainly, ... but you started it."started it."

Numbers Numbers by Mary Cornishby Mary CornishI like the generosity of numbers.

The way, for example,they are willing to countanything or anyone:two pickles, one door to the room,eight dancers dressed as swans.

I like the domesticity of addition--add two cups of milk and stir--the sense of plenty: six plumson the ground, three morefalling from the tree.

And I never fail to be surprisedby the gift of an odd remainder,footloose at the end:forty-seven divided by eleven equals four,with three remaining.

Three boys beyond their mothers' call,two Italians off to the sea,one sock that isn't anywhere you look.

Final taskFinal taskMake up a sentence about each of the age groups in the cartoon using ordinal numbers + year, and write out the numbers in words.Example: From birth to their fourth year, they need amoxicilin.

Final task AnswersFinal task Answersfourth – twelfth

twelfth – eighteentheighteenth – twenty-fourth

twenty-fourth – thirty-eighththirty-eighth – sixty-fifth

sixty-fifth on (until death)