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The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman [email protected] @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of Computer Science Member, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies

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Page 1: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

Ben Shneiderman [email protected] @benbendc

Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabProfessor, Department of Computer Science

Member, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies

University of MarylandCollege Park, MD 20742

Page 2: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Interdisciplinary research community - Computer Science & Info Studies - Psych, Socio, Educ, Jour & MITH www.cs.umd.edu/hcil

vimeo.com/72440805

Page 3: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Design Issues

• Input devices & strategies• Keyboards, pointing devices, voice

• Direct manipulation

• Menus, forms, commands

• Output devices & formats• Screens, windows, color, sound

• Text, tables, graphics

• Instructions, messages, help

• Collaboration & Social Media

• Help, tutorials, training

• Search www.awl.com/DTUI

Sixth Edition: 2016

• Visualization

Page 4: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Children’s Hospital in DC: Trauma Bay

Page 5: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

EventFlow

AirwayBreathing

CirculationDisability

Secondary Survey

www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/eventflow

Page 6: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Children’s Hospital Trauma Care: EventFlow

Page 7: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Children’s Hospital Trauma Care: EventFlow

Page 8: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Children’s Hospital Trauma Care: EventFlow

Page 9: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research (Oxford, 2016)

• Guide for junior researchers

• Manifesto for senior researchers, business leaders & funding agencies

• Reframe the research agenda & methods

Teamwork when done right can produce high impact

   http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780198758839.do

Page 10: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

Immense Problems

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 11: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 12: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 13: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

ABC Principle

Applied & Basic Combined

Combining applied with basic research produces more rapid progress in both

Page 14: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

SED Principle

Blending Science, Engineering & Design

produces higher-impact research

Page 15: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Science, Engineering, Design

https://books.google.com/ngrams

Page 16: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Scientist, Engineer & Designer

NY Times articles

http://chronicle.nytlabs.com/

Page 17: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Applied & Basic

Combined

Science,Engineering

& Design

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 18: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Choose actionable problems: civic, business

& global priorities

Apply observation, intervention & controlled

experiments

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Test ideas & prototypes with

realistic interventions

Promote adoption & assess impact

Applied & Basic

Combined

Science,Engineering

& Design

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 19: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Solutions

Theories

Choose actionable problems: civic, business

& global priorities

Apply observation, intervention & controlled

experiments

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Test ideas &prototypes with

realistic interventions

Promote adoption & assess impact

Applied & Basic

Combined

Science,Engineering

& Design

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 20: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Solutions

Theories

Choose actionable problems: civic, business

& global priorities

Apply observation, intervention & controlled

experiments

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Test ideas &prototypes with

realistic interventions

Promote adoption & assess impact

Applied & Basic

Combined

Science,Engineering

& Design

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 21: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 22: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 23: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teamwork is the New Norm

Percentage of publications by more than one author

Cooke & Hilton (Eds), Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Sciencehttp://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science

http://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science
Page 24: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: WHY?

• ???

Page 25: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Why work in teams?

To complete a substantial project in time More ideas - Getting unstuck Combine strengths/skills in different areas Backup - redundancy Motivating - responsibility to peers Modularity helps - accountability Learning It’s fun! (potentially)

Page 26: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

What are the problems of working in teams?

People get in the way Disagreements Communication gaps

Overstressed – not living up to expectations Inferiority complex Fear of letting down peers

Dealing with messing up Leadership troubles Lack of trust- unbalanced contributions Risk- of others not doing their share Personality, working style conflicts

Page 27: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

How to work in teams?

Social structure Who sets the agenda/tasks/schedule Who measures quality or approves results What is the pacing- forms of coordination

Technology support Email Chat Phone Video-conference or phone F2F

Page 28: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Guidelines

• Previously successful collaborations

• Balanced teams

• Clearly defined goals & roles

Page 29: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Guidelines

• Previously successful collaborations

• Balanced teams

• Clearly defined goals & roles

• Explicit statements of who does what by when

• Regular and open discussions

• Good communication

Page 30: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Guidelines

• Previously successful collaborations

• Balanced teams

• Clearly defined goals & roles

• Explicit statements of who does what by when

• Regular and open discussions

• Good communication

• Collaboration readiness

• Technology readiness for remote teamwork

• Technology readiness for collaboration

Page 31: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Guidelines

• Previously successful collaborations

• Balanced teams

• Clearly defined goals & roles

• Explicit statements of who does what by when

• Regular and open discussions

• Good communication

• Collaboration readiness

• Technology readiness for remote teamwork

• Technology readiness for collaboration

• Trained experienced leadership

• Adequate administrative resources and services

• Use of effective brainstorming strategies

Page 32: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

National Academies Report (2015):Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science

Dimension Low High

Diversity Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Disciplinary Integration Unidisciplinary Transdisciplinary

Team or group size Small (2-10) Mega (1000s)

Goal alignment Aligned Divergent

Permeable boundaries Stable Fluid

Proximity Co-located Globally distributed

Task interdependence Low High

Cooke & Hilton (Eds), Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Sciencehttp://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science

http://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science
Page 33: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Winning Strategy

• Powers of Two (End of the Lone Genius) (Shenk, 2014)

• Teams: Difficult to form, hugely effective

• Takes practice to gain skills• Clear goals, clear roles

• Trust, communication, recognition

• WJU2007: teams 2.1 times the impact

• Large teams need administrative support

scienceofteamscience.org www.teamsciencetoolkit.cancer.gov

Page 34: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Winning Strategy

• Powers of Two (End of the Lone Genius) (Shenk, 2014)

• Teams: Difficult to form, hugely effective

• Takes practice to gain skills• Clear goals, clear roles: Who Does What by When

• Trust, communication, recognition

• WJU2007: teams 2.1 times the impact

• Large teams need administrative support

scienceofteamscience.org www.teamsciencetoolkit.cancer.gov

Page 35: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Teams: Winning Strategy

• Powers of Two (End of the Lone Genius) (Shenk, 2014)

• Teams: Difficult to form, hugely effective

• Takes practice to gain skills• Clear goals, clear roles: Who Does What by When

• Trust, communication, recognition

• WJU2007: teams 2.1 times the impact

• Large teams need administrative support

• FUN!

scienceofteamscience.org www.teamsciencetoolkit.cancer.gov

Page 36: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Research Project: 2 parents, 3 children

PracticalSolutions

RefinedTheories

Guidance to Future

Researchers

ResearchProject

AppliedProblems

BasicTheories

Page 37: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Solutions

Theories

Choose actionable problems: civic, business

& global priorities

Apply observation, intervention & controlled

experiments

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Test ideas &prototypes with

realistic interventions

Promote adoption & assess impact

Applied & Basic

Combined

Science,Engineering

& Design

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 38: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

Promote adoption & assess impact

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Page 39: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Promote Adoption & Assess Impact

• Clear writing begets clear thinking• Story-telling trajectories

• Promote adoption• Send Five & Thrive

• Papers, websites, videos, tweets, blogs

• Assess impact• Citations, downloads, tweets, blogposts

• Best Paper Awards, testimonials, usage reports

Page 40: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

• Ideas travel through networks and relationships

• Cultivate champions.

• Present, Present, Present!

• Join relevant committees & insert your findings into decision making

• Don’t wait for publication. Disseminate early

Promoting Adoption: Becker Model

https://becker.wustl.edu/impact-assessment/strategies

Page 41: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Online Services

• Open Research: arXiv.org, PLOS, Open Science

• Community Building Sites:• Academia: platform for academics to share research papers…

to accelerate the world's research (19M users)

• ResearchGate: connect researchers share scientific output, knowledge & expertise

• ORCID, VIVO, FORCE11, …

• Research Paper Managers:• Mendeley: The best free way to organize your research

• Zotero: free, easy-to-use tool to help you collect, organize, cite & share your research sources

• CiteULike: free service to help you to store, organise & share the scholarly papers you are reading

Page 42: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

Applied & Basic Combined

Achieving Breakthrough Collaborations

Ask Bigger Cuestions

Analysis Based on Creativity

Actively Build Connections

Aspire to Be like Colwell

Page 43: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Books: Teamwork

• Nancy Cooke & Margaret Hilton (Editors), Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science, National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2015). http://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science

• Walter Isaacson, The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution, Simon & Schuster, New York (2014). 

• Steven Johnson, Where Good Ideas Come From: A Natural History of Innovation, Riverhead Publishers (2010).

• Joshua Shenk, Powers of Two: Finding the Essence of Innovation in Creative Pairs, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (2014).

http://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science
Page 44: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

Books: Writing

• Mark J. Kuchner, Marketing for Scientists: How to Shine in Tough Times, Island Press (2011).

• Steven Pinker, The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person’s Guide to Writing in the 21st Century, Viking (2014). 

• Joshua Schimel, Writing Science: How to Write Papers That Get Cited and Proposals That Get Funded, Oxford University Press (2011).

 

• Turabian, K. L., Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., Williams, J. M., and the University of Chicago Press Staff, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Eighth Edition (2013).

Page 45: The New ABCs of Research Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of

The New ABCs of Research

New Technologies

Immense Problems

RaisedAmbitions

Solutions

Theories

Choose actionable problems: civic, business

& global priorities

Apply observation, intervention & controlled

experiments

Form teams with diverse individuals & organizations

Test prototypes withrealistic interventions

Promote adoption & assess impact

Applied & Basic

Combined

Science,Engineering

& Design

Guiding Lifecycle New Context Principles Strategies Knowledge

Questions


Cody Dunne, Robert Gove, Ben Shneiderman, Judith Klavans, and Bonnie Dorr

Human factors of interactive software › users › ben › papers › Shneiderman1983... · 2015-10-05 · HUMAN FACTORS OF INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE Ben Shneiderman University of Maryland

Human-Computer Interaction Opportunities for Improving Security/Privacy Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction

Open Statistics: Envisioning a Statistical Knowledge Network Ben Shneiderman ([email protected]) Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction

BEN SHNEIDERMAN Manipulation - ACS Lab

Distinguished Lecturer BEN SHNEIDERMAN...Distinguished Lecturer BEN SHNEIDERMAN University of Maryland, College Park BIO: Ben Shneiderman is a Distinguished University Professor in

Catalyzing Community Efforts for Disaster Reporting ... · Catalyzing Community Efforts for Disaster Reporting, Response and Recovery Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director

HCI Research Methods - University Of MarylandHCI Research Methods Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department

Network Visualization by Semantic Substrates Ben Shneiderman and Aleks Aris

Ben Shneiderman ([email protected]) Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of Computer Science Member, Institutes

Network Analysis and Visualization for Understanding Social Computing Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction

Ben Shneiderman ([email protected]) Director, Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Professor, Department of Computer Science Member, Institutes for Advanced

Network Visualization by Semantic Substrates Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Aleks Aris [email protected] Human-Computer Interaction Lab & Dept of Computer

The Future of Information Discovery Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department

Ben Shneiderman - HCIL...Ben Shneiderman & TIBCO Spotfire Shneiderman is the founding director (1983-2000) of University of Maryland's Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory (HCIL)

Medical Informatics: Opportunities for Improving Patient Care Ben Shneiderman [email protected] @benbendc Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction

Interactive Visual Discovery in Temporal Event Sequences: Electronic Health Records & Other Applications Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director

Promoting National Initiatives on Technology-Mediated Social/Civic Participation Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer

Simplifying Network Visualizations with Motif Glyphs Cody Dunne and Ben Shneiderman {cdunne, ben}@cs.umd.edu 29 th Annual Human-Computer Interaction Lab

DOI:10.1145/1995376.1995389 Ben Shneiderman, …infoarch.50megs.com/gallant/spring2015/cc304/Shneiderman Preece... · 34 CommUniCations of the aCm | SepTeMBeR 2011 | Vol. 54 | no

Introduction: Network Visualization Workshop · 2007. 6. 4. · Introduction: Network Visualization Workshop Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Human-Computer Interaction Lab & Dept of

Interactive Visual Discovery in Event Analytics: Electronic Health Records & Other Applications Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000),

Human Needs and Mobile Devices: Small, Fast & Fun Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor,

HCI Research Methods Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of Computer Science

Summer Social Webshop: Technology-Mediated Social Participation Jennifer Preece Ben Shneiderman [email protected] [email protected] @jenpre @benbendc

The Future of Information Discoverycuaslis.org/hcir2009/HCIR2009-FutureInfoDiscovery3.pdfThe Future of Information Discovery Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000),

A National Initiative for Social Participation Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor,

Understanding Social Media: Accelerating Social Participation Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction

File-sharing Onweb with Realistic Tailorable Security (FORTS) Ben Shneiderman August 3, 2005

Information Visualization for Knowledge Discovery · Information Visualization for Knowledge Discovery Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer

Awalin Sopan, P.J. Rey, Jae- wook Ahn , Catherine Plaisant, Alan Neustadtl, Ben Shneiderman

Leonardo's Laptop: Human Needs and the New Computing Ben Shneiderman ([email protected]) Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory

Catalyzing Community Efforts for Disaster Reporting, Response and Recovery Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer

Towards a Statistical Knowledge Network Ben Shneiderman & Catherine Plaisant University of Maryland…

The Eyes Have It: User Interfaces for Information Visualization Ben Shneiderman ([email protected]) Director, Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Professor,