Name: __________________________

Date: _________________

Pd: ________

STRUCTURE & ORIGIN OF THE MOON:

S t r u c t u r e - o 3,476 km in diameter - __________________________________ o 1/8 the mass of Earth (____________________________)

O R I G I N - o Collision Theory – suggests that a _________________ about the

size of Mars __________________________________________, which ____________________________ 4.5 billion years ago

THE MOON: PHASES, ECLIPSES & TIDES NOTES

So one year and one day on the moon are the same duration!

FEATURES OF THE MOON:

o ______________ made the first detailed observations of the Moon’s features in 1609 with a telescope

o Craters - ______________________________; caused by impacts of meteoroids

o Highlands - _________________________________ that cast large shadows

o Maria - _________________________ that Galileo thought were oceans (maria = _________ in Latin) • Low, dry areas that ______________________________ billions

of years ago.

OUR CLOSEST NEIGHBOR:

o 384,400 km from Earth ( __________________________________) o ___________________________________ as Earth revolves around

the Sun o The positions of the moon, Earth and Sun cause ______________

________________________________________on Earth.

MOTIONS OF THE MOON:

o Has its own ___________ - tilted ____________ o 1 Rotation (day) = ___________________________ o 1 Revolution (year) = _________________________

o Earth & moon have ______________________________ • ________________ of the moon always _____________ • You never see __________________ of the moon!

PHASES OF THE MOON:

o The moon doesn’t produce light - __________________________ ______________________

o The ___________________________ you see are _________________ o Half of the moon is always lit, but sometimes Earth gets in the

way o The ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

The Cycle of Moon Phases

Start:_____________________ The lit side faces away from Earth so ____________________ Phases in Order:

1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 4. _______________________ 5. _______________________ 6. _______________________ 7. _______________________ 8. _______________________

… then back to New Moon! One complete _______________________________________

Visualizing Moon

Phases

ECLIPSES:

o Eclipse: when ____________________________ or _______________ ______________________

o Two types: • _________________ • _________________

SOLAR ECLIPSES:

o When _______________________________________________, blocking light from reaching Earth

o ______________________ – where light is completely blocked by the moon

• Only people in the darkest part of moon’s shadow (_____________) experience this

o ______________________ – where part of the sun is visible; more common

• People in the lighter part of moon’s shadow (___________________) experience this

LUNAR ECLIPSES:

o Occurs at a full moon ______________________________________ ______________________ blocking light from reaching the moon

o ________________________ also has an umbra (darkness) and penumbra (partial darkness)

o ______________________ – where light is completely blocked by the Earth

• Can be seen anywhere on Earth where the moon is visible

o ______________________ – where the Sun, Earth and moon are not perfectly in line

• Moon passes partly into Earth’s umbra

TIDES:

o Tide: _________________________________________________ o Caused by ________________________________________________ o Occur because of __________________________________________

______________________ (and the water on it)

HIGH & LOW TIDE:

o Water on Earth __________________ is pulled, forming __________ ____________

o Water on the ______________ of the planet has much weaker pull and ________________________________, forming another high tide

o _________________ occur between the two high

SPRING & NEAP TIDES:

o ____________________: Occur when __________________________ ______________________ • Gravity of the sun and Moon combine to produce

_______________________________________________ o ______________________: when the Earth and Sun are at

________________________ to the Earth and the Moon • Produces a tide with the ________________ difference

between high/low tide • It’s like a tug of war between the Sun and Moon!

SPRING TIDE

NEAP TIDE