The Middle East and North Africa Region

The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

AND

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

FOR

THE JORDAN MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

DEVELOPMENT FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH PROJECT

October 14, 2012

1

Contents

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3

TRANSLATION OF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (ARABIC) 4

I. INTRODUCTION

5

II. PROPOSED OPERATIONS DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE

6

III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROGRAM

7

IV. POLICIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS

OF THE WORLD BANK

10

V. DESCRIPTION OF JORDANIAN NATIONAL LAWS RELATED

TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT

12

VI. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT

FRAMEWORK

17

ANNEX 1: CONSULTATIONS 25

ANNEX 2: THE POTENTIAL ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

IMPACTS, PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES, AND

MONITORING PROGRAM, INCLUDING KEY PERFORMANCE

INDICATORS (KPIS)

30

2

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ASEZ Aqaba Special Economic Zone

BP Bank Procedures

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework

FI Financial Intermediaries

IFC International Finance Corporation

JISM Jordan Institute of Standards and Metrology

IDB Islamic Development Bank

KfW Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau

MOE Ministry of Environment

MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

PEA Project Executing Agency

NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations

OP Operational Policies

TA Technical assistance

WB World Bank

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This document presents an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), which is the set of

environmental and social procedures and policies to be applied to activities funded under this line of

credit. It will be implemented through an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMF) to ensure

the environmental and social sustainability of activities, knowing that the location and content of these

activities are not known in advance, financed through Financial Intermediaries (FI) having access to funds

provided through the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Development Project. The

ESIA/EMSF described in this document will be used by the FI to manage the environmental and social

issues and to ensure that the financed activities do not harm the environment and that they are conducted

in accordance with the policies and procedures of donor agencies.

The effective setting of an ESIA/ESMF ensures that the concerns expressed in the safeguard policies of

the World Bank, and the Jordanian government is adequately taken into consideration.

The Environmental and Social Procedures described in this ESIA/ESMF are designed to: (i) determine

the negative environmental and social impacts of activities to be financed; (ii) avoid, reduce or mitigate

these negative impacts and; (iii) undertake monitoring and evaluation.

A detailed environmental monitoring plan has been developed which is also in line with the Jordan

Ministry of Environment‘s EA regulations to verify that predictions of environmental impacts are

accurate and that unforeseen impacts are detected at an early stage and allow corrective measures to be

implemented, if needed.

CBJ will be required to document the monitoring results and measure the benefits as part of the M&E

process. The Project will be implemented by the existing Project Implementing Unit (PIU) at CBJ.

Therefore CBJ will be responsible for implementation of contracts/works, and the PIU will request from

lending banks to report to them their compliance to this ESIA trhoiough their quarterly reporting

mechanism to CBJ so as to assure the WB on implementation (including compliance with ESMF). CBJ

will be accountable for providing the WB with the monitoring and reporting of these banks and for that

CBJ should ensure that it has under its jurisdiction the staff to propagate training to the lending banks and

to aggregate needed reports from the respective authorities or noting that the WB will make available the

technical support of their environmental and social safeguards specilast to support the designated person

in the PIU for the aggregation of the compliance reporting . Lending banks will be responsible for

supervision and thereby ensuring that all project works are in compliance with the ESMP.

Any activity funded under this Project, whether it is new, or refunding of an existing MSME, is subject to

the procedures described in this ESIA.

4

حفز يخض

عببسة ع جعت اإلجشاءاث اىبئت ححق األثش اىبئ االجخبع، اهدساصت حثو ز اىثقت . اىبن االئخب خغط خ حغبقب عي األشغت اىىت ف اعبس زا اىع اىخ بصبثاىشاالجخبعت

حفز قع ا اىبحت اىبئت االجخبعت، ع اىعي أ اىى صخذات األشغت اصخ حفز ز االجشاءاث ىضب

حو اىبىت اهئصضبث اىبك خ حو ز األشغت خاله .حخ ز األشغت غش عشف ضبقب

(FIs )اث اىنشانبت اىحظه عي اىاسد اىبىت اىقذت خاله ششع حغش اىئصش اىذ حاه . اىظغشة اىخصغت

ئصضبث اىبك جخبع اىخ ح حفظيب ف زا اىخقشش صخ اصخخذاب قبوا دساصت حق األثش اىبئ اال اىحبن االجخبع حو اىبىت إلداسة اىقضبب اىبئت االجخبعت ضب أ ال حضش األشغت اىىت ببىبئتاه

عذاد دساصت حق األثش اىبئ حخ ن ا .مزىل أ خ حغبقب فقب ىضبصبث عبش اىجبث اىبحتاىخ ح رمشب ف اىضبصبث اىقبئت ىيبل اىذى اىحنت األسدت ضابظاالجخبع فعبال جب أ حئخز اه

.بع االعخببس

ححذذ اثبس اىضيبت ( 1) أجوا االجشاءاث اىبئت االجخبعت اىخ ح طفب ف ز اىذساصت قذ ح حظب

سطذ اهاجشاء (3) ز اثبس اىضيبت حقيو أ حخفف (2)ىألشغت اىخ صخ حيب اىحخي اىبئت االجخبعت فظيت ىيشطذ اىبئ ىيخحقق أ حقعبث اثبس اىبئت اىحخو حذثب، ىخ قذ ح ضع خغت دققت . اىخق

. غش اىخقعت ف شحيت بنشة مزىل اىضبح ىخفز اىخذابش اىخظححت، ارا ىز األشاىنشف ع اثبس

ق اىبل اىشمز األسد بخثق خبئج اىشطذ قبس اىبفع مجزء عيتألك حبجت هصف حن بزا ف

ف اىبل اىشمز صخ حآصضب عىيشش اداسةحفز اىششع اىقخشح قبو حذة ار صخ .سطذ اىخقاهحذة بخقذ ز اىاألشغبه، صخق /ىزىل صف ن اىبل اىشمز األسد ضئال ع حفز اىعقد. األسد

بب ف رىل االخثبه إلعبس اىعو اىخبص بذساصت حق األثبس )حقبسش اى اىبل اىذى ع أشغت حفز اىششع صف ن اىبل اىشمز األسد عشضت ىيضآىت ع عيت اىشطذ اسصبه اىخقبسش، (. بعتاىبئت االجج

اىظف ئالء ىزا بغ ىيبل أ ض جد اىظف اىخخظ اىخبضع ىالخ اىقضبئت بحث ق. اىخقبسش اىغيبت ضععت اىقشضت حجع اىخقبسش اىغيبت اىضيغبث اه اىئصضبثبخذسب اىبك

ضئىت ع اإلششاف ببىخبى ضب أ جع أشغت اىششع خبشت ع اعبس اىعو صخن اىبك اىقشضت

أ شبط ه خاله زا اىششع، صاء مب جذذا عيب بؤ .اىخبص بذساصت حق األثبس اىبئت االجخبعتىيعبش اىزمسة ف ز عبم خبعصاىظغشة اىخصغت اىقبئت، إصضبث اىنش ىهأاعبدة حو

.اىذساصت

5

I. INTRODUCTION

The World Bank (WB) is financing a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Development for

Inclusive Growth Project in Jordan in Jordan.

The activities to be financed by MSMEs are not known in advance, and in order to ensure their

environmental and social sustainability, the project will implement an Environmental and Social Impact

Assessment (ESIA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan (EMSP) that will be described in

this document. The ESIA is a comprehensive process to assess and mitigate the environmental and social

negative impacts that might be caused by the activities to be financed. The ESIA also provides measures

for monitoring and evaluation and capacity building.

The effective implementation of the ESIA/ESMF ensures that the national environmental policies and

those of the donor agencies are adequately taken into account, and that the activities of MSMEs are in

compliance with these policies.

For greater efficiency, the implementation of the ESIA/ESMF is integrated with the process of loan

approval. The Financial Intermediaries (FI) granting the loan, or the Project Executing Agency (PEA),

uses the ESIA/ESMF to ensure that the activity of MSME has no significant negative or long-term social

or environmental impact. By following the methodology of the ESIA/ESMF, the FI, or PEA, ensures that

the MSME avoids, reduces or mitigates the negative impacts to an acceptable level. As part of the

ESIA/ESMF a "negative list" excludes certain activities such as: those universally excluded by donors

(weapons, illegal activities, Casinos, etc...), in addition to those affecting natural habitats, forests,

endangered species, forced relocation of populations, dams, watercourses, and activities in the disputed

areas.

The ESIA/ESMF provides that, at the national level, an annual evaluation is made to assess the

cumulative impacts that were considered negligible at the level of individual projects, and to modify

mitigation measures if need accordingly. The WB environmental and social safeguards specialist will

support the CBJ in ensuring that ESIA/ESMF are adhered to through the monitoring of the lending banks

and the reporting process. The WB environmental and social safeguards specialist will also provide re-

enforcement training to stakeholders which will be in support of CBJ environmental and social safeguards

representative to ensure that (FI, PEA, independent auditors) are adhereing to both the WB and MOE

requirements and to allow examining environmental conditions preceding the activities.

The ESIA/ESMF is based on a two-step approach:

1. Make an environmental ("screening") to determine the environmental category of the activity to be

financed;

2. Implement the appropriate procedure relative to the determined category. This is could be described

in three categories and three modes of operation:

a. Important impact (Category "A" according to the WB and the ADB) or excluded activity

under the negative list: project is excluded;

b. Average impact (Category "B" according to the WB and the ADB) ESMP is completed and

the tender documents signed in accordance with the Jordanian regulations;

c. Negligible or absent impact (Category "C" according to the WB): no impact assessment is

required.

6

This methodology is almost universal and is commonly reproduced in similar forms in the countries

concerned. In Jordan, for example, the national regulations define a list of projects that must do a

comprehensive ESIA/ESMF. In addition, through the screening processes, unlisted projects could be

asked by the Jordan Ministry of Environment to conduct an ESIA if they prove to have significant

negative environmental impacts noting that, the national Jordanian regulations divide the projects into

three categories that correspond roughly to the three categories of the World Bank.

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II. PROPOSED OPERATION’S DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE The proposed operation‘s main development objective is to contribute to an improvement in access to

finance for MSMEs in Jordan.

The project will be designed such that it strengthens the link between the financing and performance in

achieving sustainable, more inclusive access to finance and it supports new approaches to extend MSME

finance on a larger scale. In particular, the design will incentivize lending to MSMEs that are

underserved, women headed MSMEs, and MSMEs that are clustered around the Business Development

Units being established in less served Governorates by the Government, thereby fostering a close link

with a complementary demand side intervention initiative being undertaken by the Government. Lastly, it

will seek to focus funding microfinance institutions, especially those that have an outreach in less served

areas. Through such support, the project will increase access to finance, including to particularly under-

served segments, support banks‘ liquidity such that the constraints to MSME lending for them are

reduced and promote good and responsible practices in lending, including through the use of a systematic

safeguards framework.

There are also several higher level objectives that the successful implementation of the project will

directly and indirectly achieve. Through contributing to an improvement in access to finance for MSMEs

in Jordan, this operation will ultimately expand employment opportunities through the development of the

private sector. In doing so, the operation will also create a demonstration of how improved financial

intermediation to MSMEs can lead to sustainable private sector jobs, development of entrepreneurship

capacities and, contribution to overall economic growth and thereby reduction of poverty as well . In

addition, the CBJ views this project as a possible, good practice, demonstration project that can possibly

leverage additional funding resources towards MSME lending from other sources, including other donors,

that would enable replication and scaling up.

The project will also indirectly: (i) enhance the banking system‘s capacity to evaluate the effectiveness of

its MSME support; (ii) improve the incentives for banks to expand into MSME lending; (iii) incentivize

and support the design of new financial products, and Islamic products in compliance with Shari‘ah; and

(ix) ensure better opportunities for the remote, rural and underprivileged areas to meet citizens‘ needs and

to establish income-generating projects with the objective of achieving sustainable and balanced

development.

Project Description

The proposed operation will be a FIL (as per the World Bank Operations Policy Directive OP 8.30) with

one component (a line of credit) in the amount of US$ 70 million. The Bank loan will be channeled

through the CBJ—the project implementing entity—which will then on-lend to banks that either have an

active MSME portfolio or the willingness and capacity to develop one. The banks will then on-lend the

funding directly to micro and small enterprises or microfinance institutions and financial leasing

companies that will on-lend to MSMEs. The line of credit will encourage the growth and expansion of

new and existing enterprises and act as an incentive for enterprises that previously refrained from

accessing the formal finance market to tap on it. The line of credit will not, however, support loan

restructuring cases. The main clients will be the unbanked and existing clients that need longer maturity

or additional financing.

Implementation of the Project - Jordan

8

The proposed arrangements for the loan in Jordan are at the Central Bank of Jordan, which will be the

Executing Agency Project (PEA) for the component of the line of credit. There are two units of the

Central Bank will be involved in the implementation of the project: Unit external resources (which lead

function PEA) and the Unit of banking supervision. Unit external resources host the Special Account for

the first phase of the project. Announce it with a circular eligibility criteria to all FIs concerned; receive

letters of interest FI, and would monitor the eligibility criteria in collaboration with the Unit of banking

supervision Central Bank. A positive assessment of eligibility will be a prerequisite for the disbursement

of funds to any FI wishing to benefit from the credit line. Funds from the World Bank would be managed

jointly by the Central Bank as PEA, with common eligibility criteria, disbursement, monitoring and

evaluation.

III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROGRAM

Most of the activities funded by the Project will be defined during the implementation of individual

projects. This project will not involve population relocation, involuntary land acquisition and any

negative impacts on livelihoods for financing by banks and micro-finance institutions. In addition, this

project will not include construction resulting in restriction to access of legally designated parks and

protected areas. However, the activities and impacts presented below are given as examples:

Food processing

Environmental impacts

Degradation of water quality due to solid and liquid waste,

Critical deterioration of aquatic habitats and species living there; automatic exclusion of the

activity;

Extensive use of water and energy;

Production of liquid and solid waste and residual products.

Social impacts

Conflicts on the use of water;

Diseases or infections caused by water pollution or waste;

Alteration of the health of workers.

Construction Environmental impacts

Excavation waste (very low negative effect) The construction contractors shall get rid of

remnants of excavation in safe places that have been previously selected by the concerned

municipality. Common sense civil works-related codes (health and safety as well as engineering

codes and civil works codes) shall be followed by the contractor such as the vehicles transporting

excavation waste shall be completely covered. The contractors shall repair any damage of the

infrastructures and shall restore the work site to its previous position as it was. The lending bank

shall make sure the contractor comply with these conditions.

Harming/ prejudicing buried historical, cultural properties (almost no negative effect):

Department of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage determines the sites where it is expected to

find Historical archaeological values; these sites are known to the municipalities. When a Bank

finances a proposed project, the location has to be agreed by the concerned municipality to

avoid the locations to be in the historical archaeological sites. However, in the event of a

discovery believed to be of historical archaeological asset during construction (chance-find),

the works will stop immediately the discovery will be reported to the competent authority to

take its proper course of action. The work will be resumed after permission is given to continue.

9

Dust and air pollution (very low negative effect): A civil Contractor is required during works

to control dust by spraying water on the earth to prevent dust from flying.

Noise (low negative effect): During the excavation contactors shall undertake works during the

daytime so as to cause least disruption and inconvenience to the local population. In the event

that there are any complaints, then measurement will be taken.

Emission the exhausts from the vehicles (very low negative effect) : All vehicles in the work

location shall be licensed and insured and be exposed to check regarding emission of exhausts

from environment authority , and to be sure that emission rates are not over the limited

permitted.

Disabling the infrastructure and services due to excavations (weak negative impact): No

land acquisition will be permitted. The municipalities concerned of the public services will

adhere to the following process summarized by the following :

Official letters will be sent to the municipalities to inform them of the proposed projects

locations, this is to avoid damaging the infrastructure when implementing the projects.

No relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, or loss of income sources or

means of livelihoods is permitted.

Disruption to traffic (weak negative impact): Movement of heavy vehicles cause soil

compaction and atmospheric pollution;

The sub-projects which could result in temporary street closure and disruption to pedestrians will be

carefully coordinated with the traffic department (traffic controllers) to take the required procedures (re-

direct traffic if necessary) and inform the public in advance so that they are prepared for the temporary in-

convenience.

Public safety for the local population and workers (very weak negative impact): The

Contractors shall have full regards of and maintain safety measures and procedures to protect

works, workers, the safety and convenience of the public during the implementation of the

projects using all type of precautions and tools such as isolating the site of the project when

required, fencing, use phosphoric tapes, warning signs etc. Lack of care or lack of information

can cause accidents, Thus people living in the area under direct influence of construction

works, people moving in the vicinity, and end point users should be informed regarding

appropriate safety precautions, for example:

- Not allowing children to play near construction sites (e.g. such as climbing of the poles or

fences)

- Warn children not to play with kites and slingshots near the power lines.

- Avoid trimming high trees located near the energy cables

- Avoid handling broken cables

Clearing of land, removal of vegetal cover: impacts on air, water and soil quality;

- Trees Trimmings (very weak negative impact ) : It is not permitted to cut any tree

during works, Rather in some of the rehabilitation projects it may include trimming of

any tree which grown high to reach the electrical networks , this will be done in

coordination with and in the presence of the representative from the concerned

municipality.

- Soil erosion (very weak negative impact): The soil may be compacted. Also work has to

be stopped during heavy rains to reduce soil erosion and accidents.

Construction of access roads to the construction sites; impacts on the fauna and flora;

Displacement of land with impacts on air quality, water, and biodiversity;

Construction of sewer systems involving excavations and placement of sewer structures;

10

Generation and spills of pollutants such as motor oil, fuel, flows of cement mixtures, water

from machines washing.

Social Impacts

Circulation of vehicles and heavy machinery causing nuisances (noise, dust, limited access).

Livestock projects, intensive fattening barn, pasture

Environmental Impacts

Clearing of forests and wilderness areas. The impact on forests and natural areas automatically

excludes the activity;

Waste resulting in the loss of natural areas, important habitats or biodiversity will cause

automatic exclusion of the activity;

Degradation of vegetation, erosion, loss of soil fertility due to overgrazing, excessive livestock

operation that leads to environmental degradation;

Modification of infiltration rates, and global volume of water runoff due to the thinning of

vegetation and soil compaction;

Deterioration of water quality due to erosion and spreading of waste and agrochemicals;

Lowering of the water table due to the exploitation of water resources.

Social Impacts

Nuisance to residents in the vicinity of the activity;

Impacts on human health via the parasites and diseases transmittal from animals to humans.

Irrigation projects

Environmental impacts

Loss or degradation of wetlands and their environmental functions, their biodiversity and their

ecological productivity: automatic exclusion of the activity;

Water clogging, water salination and soil erosion;

Reduced water quality due to the introduction of nutrients, agrochemicals, mineral salts and

irrigation.

Social impacts

Competing demands and conflicts over water resources;

Creating proliferation, water points, vectors of diseases (malaria and bilharzias);

Dissemination of infection and disease due to improper use of irrigation canals for water

supply, swimming or disposal of human waste;

Health effects due to water storage, handling, use or disposal of agrochemicals (pesticides,

herbicides).

Fish farming

Environmental impacts

Loss of wetlands and associated ecosystems: automatic exclusion of the activity;

Erosion of the project site;

Water pollution by waste from aquaculture, causing a decline in aquatic habitats;

Introduction of alien species leading to the decline of wildlife species important to the local

food supply.

11

Social impacts

Conflicts over the use of land;

Conflicts over water resources mainly due to competing demands;

Diseases or conditions caused by water pollution by waste from aquaculture;

Propagation of vector and waterborne diseases.

Medical companies (drugs manufacturing units are excluded)

Environmental impacts Health risks

Contamination / loss of water quality and soil;

Air Pollution

Social impacts

Injuries and infections caused by sharp instruments;

Impacts on public health due to contaminated waste;

Long-term impacts on the health effects of exposure to toxic substances;

Odors; smoke/air pollutants from the open burning.

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IV. POLICIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS OF THE WORLD

BANK

Policies of environmental and social safeguard of the World Bank, consisting of Operational Policies

(OP) and Bank Procedures (BP), are designed to protect the environment and populations from potential

negative impacts of projects, plans, programs and policies. They are:

OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, including Public Participation

OP 4.04 Natural Habitats

OP 4.09 Pest Management

OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources

OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement

OP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples

OP 4.36 Forests

OP 4.37 Safety of Dams

OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways

OP 7.60 Projects in disputed areas

OP 4.01: Environmental Assessment In World Bank Operations, the purpose of Environmental Assessment is to improve decision making, to

ensure that projects are sound and sustainable, and that potentially affected people are consulted. This will

ensure that projects funded by the Bank are environmentally viable and decision-making is improved

through an analysis of environmental impacts (OP 4.01, paragraph 1). This policy is triggered if a project

is likely to have adverse environmental impacts in its area of influence. OP 4.01 covers impacts on the

physical environment (air, water and earth), the quality of life, health, security; physical cultural

resources, and cross-border and global environmental concerns.

To meet this objective, the World Bank Policy defines procedures to:

Identify the level of environmental risk (screening) associated with a project;

Assess the potential environmental impacts associated with the risk and how they should be

reduced to acceptable levels (environmental assessment and management);

Ensure the views of local groups that may be affected by the project are reflected in identifying

the environmental risk and managing any impacts (public consultation);

Make certain that procedures followed in the environmental assessment process are adequately

disclosed and transparent to the general public (disclosure); and

Include measures for implementation and supervision of commitments relating to findings and

recommendations of the ESMF.

Consultation: Public consultation and disclosure are essential elements of World Bank environmental

assessment policy and the necessary procedures and documentation for consultation and disclosure are

addressed within the context of this ESIA/ESMF. The OP 4.01 also describes the consultation

requirements; the borrower consults project-affected groups and Non-Governmental Organizations

(NGOs) about the project's environmental aspects and takes into consideration their views.

The Borrower begins this consultation as soon as possible, and consults with such groups throughout the

implementation of the project. The Borrower shares information resulting from the consultation in a

language accessible to the groups being consulted. This policy is triggered, and this ESIA/ESMF is the

result of this OP.

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The project team has held initial consultations in Jordan. Consultations were held with potential PFIs

(private and state owned commercial banks, leasing firms), ministries (Ministry of Planning and

International Cooperation, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Industry and Commerce) and other

government bodies (Central Bank of Jordan, the Jordan Chamber of Industry , FIs (Tanmeyah - Jordan

Microfinance Network, Tamweelcom, Microfund for Women to present the proposed project structure to

relevant stakeholders and to get their feedback on its design in order to get their views on the constraints

for MSMEs, the proposed FIL, as well as their ideas on and potential partnership in the provision of

technical assistance to MSMEs. All financial institutions will be notified of the availability of funds. This

information will outline the conditions of eligibility of loans under the Jordan FIL. Additional

consultations on the project and ESIA/ESMF were carried out with of stakeholders on Oct. 3, 2012, (Ahli,

Arab, Cairo Amman, Arab Banking Corporation, And Ahli Microfinance Company as well as the Jordan

Chambers of Trade and Industry) (see Annex 1 for details).

OP 4.04, Natural Habitats The OP does not allow the financing of projects degrading or converting critical natural habitats, of

particular interest for the preservation of biological diversity and ecological functions. Natural habitats

deserve special attention when conducting assessments of impacts on the environment. The MSME

project will not allow activities affecting natural habitats, and this policy is not triggered.

OP 4.09, Pest Management To avoid misuse of chemical pesticides, this policy calls for a fight against pests and parasites using a

variety of methods, including biological methods (integrated vector control). Any project activity seeking

to control pests and vectors must put in place an integrated vector control plan.

OP 4.11, Physical Cultural Resources

This policy protects cultural resources potentially affected by the project activities. Upon discovery of

archaeological and cultural relics, it will be implemented in a process of "accidental discovery"

comprising (i) an evaluation study of cultural resources by competent authorities and (ii) exclusion of the

site, the creation and implementation of a Plan of Protection of Cultural Resources.

OP 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement The objective of OP 4.12 is to avoid or minimize involuntary resettlement where feasible or by exploring

all alternatives. OP 4.12 covers assistance to people displaced by the improvement or restoration of their

living standards, their ability to generate revenue or enhance their production levels.

Population relocation and involuntary land acquisition will be prohibited for financing by banks or other

micro-finance institutions to the end beneficiaries through a negative list in the Operations Manual. In

addition, any construction resulting in restriction to access of legally designated parks and protected areas

will also be prohibited for financing by banks and other micro-finance institutions and included in the

negative list in the Operations Manual. The OM will include a social assessment to determine any

potential safeguards implications and actions.

OP 4.10, Indigenous Peoples Indigenous populations, often disadvantaged, deserve special treatment in development projects. This

policy will not be triggered in this project, indigenous peoples, within the meaning of this Operational

Policy of the World Bank, does not exist in Jordan.

OP 4.36, Forests

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The OP provides support for sustainable forestry and conservation oriented forest. It does not support the

commercial exploitation in primary tropical moist forests. Its overall objective is to reduce deforestation,

enhance the contribution of woodlands to the environment. The World Bank does not finance commercial

logging operations or the purchase of equipment for the operation of primary tropical forests. The current

project excludes any forestry activity and, consequently, the operational policy will not be triggered.

OP 4.37 Safety of Dams OP / BP 4.37, Safety of Dams recommended for large dams conducting a technical study and periodic

security inspections by independent experts specializing in dam safety. Dependent components of large

dams also must demonstrate the safety of the dam. This project does not trigger this policy.

OP 7.50, Projects on international waterways Projects affecting international waters must obtain agreements residents, and ensures that riparian states

are informed and do not oppose the project. This project will not finance activities of international

watercourses.

OP 7.60, Projects in Disputed Areas (in dispute) This policy seeks to ensure that parties claiming their right to the disputed areas affected by a project

financed by the Bank have no objection to the proposed project. This project will not finance activities in

area of litigation, this policy is not triggered.

V. DESCRIPTION OF JORDANIAN NATIONAL LAWS RELATED TO THE PROPOSED

PROJECT

Biophysical and Economic Framework (Jordan) Biophysical

Jordan has some environmental challenges, but recognizes the importance of sound environmental

management in order to: (i) sustain the limited environmental resources; (ii) promote tourism which is an

important source of income; (iii) participate in the European Neighborhood Policy of the European Union

and donor lender funded programs. Among the challenges are: highly scarce natural resources of fresh

water, vulnerable marine environment, desertification and deforestation, overgrazing, and soil erosion.

Economy (including the role of SMEs)

Jordan has reached a milestone in its development process. Has faced challenges and unprecedented

opportunities since the mid-80s, government officials have sought, constantly, a (i) deepen economic

integration, especially in Europe, ii) maintain stability macroeconomic (iii) improving the business

environment and (iv) diversify the supply of education. These policies, combined a constant investment in

human capital and infrastructure since the 1960s, led to better withstand external shocks moderate, attract

foreign investment, to maintain a growth of 5% and increase the well-being of the population. Access to

basic social and economic services (water, electricity, sanitation, etc..) is almost universal, and the

incidence of poverty is lowest in the region.

However, despite its enviable performance, Jordan is obliged to do more to reduce unemployment,

especially among youth. Indeed, the results in terms of employment, especially among the young, weak

and deteriorating. The average national unemployment rate was 14.1% in 2008 and peaked at 30% for

individuals aged 20 to 24 years. By extrapolating past trends, planners anticipate a need for more 860.000

additional jobs over the next ten years. This implies that reducing unemployment is a priority for the

authorities in the coming years. Reduce unemployment in the medium term requires a rise in activity has

15

high added value and a focus on innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises play an important role

in achieving these goals.

Legal and Institutional Framework for Environmental Management (Jordan)

Jordan has invested in the establishment of a legislative and regulatory framework that protect the

environment and the natural resources, with multiple enforcement actions against polluters institutions

through the obligation of Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) as a prevention tool. In

addition, Jordan has established the Royal Department for the protection of the Environment to help the

ministry of environment achieving its goals of environmental protection. The main legal acts governing

the protection of the environment in Jordan include:

Legislative and institutional framework

The ministry of environment was established in 2003 as Jordan‘s lead institution for environmental

management, with one of its responsibilities to coordinate national efforts to protect the environment.

Jordan has an extensive web of laws and regulations pertaining to environmental protection and

management. The following regulations have been initially identified to discuss within the framework of

the legal requirements for the project and accordingly the ESIA study. This list will be discussed with the

Ministry of Environment and the scoping session participants for updating and modification:

Environment Protection Law for the year 2003 (Law No. 52 for the year 2006).

EIA regulation No. 37 for the year 2005.

Noise Level Control Regulation for the year 2003.

Hazardous Waste Management and Handling Regulation for the year 2003.

Regulation for the Control of the Use of Ozone Depleting Materials for the year 2003.

Regulation for the Management, Transport and Handling of dangerous and Hazardous

Materials number 24 for the year 2005.

Public Heath Law (No. 54, 2002).

Water Authority Law (No. 18, 1988) and related standards.

Regulations for protection of birds and wildlife and roles covering their hunting (No. 113,

1973).

The Antiquities Law (No. 21, 1988).

Civil Defense Law (No. 18, 1999).

Traffic Law No. 47, 2001.

Labor Law.

Penalty Law (No. 16, 1960).

Ministry of Agriculture Law (No. 44, 2002).

Natural resources Authority Laws 2002.

Jordanian Standards for Air Pollution (JS 1189/2006)

European Union Directives (could be listed if necessary!!)

World Bank Safeguard Policies

IPPC BREFs (Best available technology reference documents) for Waste Treatment Industries

and Waste Incineration

Guidelines on BAT and BEP for Medical Waste Incineration, UNEP Stockholm Convention

Environmental Law no. 52 / 2006 The environmental protection law no. 52/2006 sets the definitions and outlines the main responsibilities

and functions of the ministry of environment. As per the law, the ministry is responsible for setting

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Jordan‘s environmental protection policy, monitoring activities, coordinating national efforts for

environmental protection, and preparing environmental contingency plans.

Article 7 of the law assigns the ministry of environment with the environmental monitoring and

inspection responsibilities, and grants its employees the right to enter any facility for inspection

needs.

Articles 8, 9, 10 relate to marine environment.

Article 13 sets the requirements for conducting environmental impact assessment for projects.

An environmental protection fund was established under (articles 16 and 17); and sets fees for

violation of its provision, terms for delegation of authority, and the operation of environmental

non-governmental organizations in Jordan. Finally it lists the regulations that should be issued

in accordance to the law.

Of the required 12 regulations set by law; the following regulations have already been issued: marine and

coastal environment; environment protection from pollution in emergency cases; air protection; nature

reserves and national parks; management, transport and handling of harmful and hazardous substances;

management of solid wastes; environmental impact assessment; and soil protection.

Many other agencies retain their environmental responsibilities and structures. Environmental sections

and departments are present in a number of institutions such as the Ministry of Water and Irrigation,

Water Authority of Jordan, and Ministry of Health, among others.

Institutions that do not have dedicated environmental departments often resort to naming environmental

focal points whose responsibilities often include liaising with institutions on issues that pertain to both

their respective agencies‟ mandate and the environment. In several cases, the responsibilities of

environmental focal points need to be clarified and/or strengthened

Environmental Impact Assessment Review Process Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a key tool to ensure that decisions taken at the legislative and

regulatory level are actually executed and built into the design and implementation of development

projects.

The legal basis for EIA is established in the environment protection law (EPL) no. 52/2006. It is

implemented through its EIA regulations no. 37/2006 and its five annexes. These require that the project

proponent would hire a national consulting firm to conduct the EIA and prepare an EIA report. It also

assigns full authority to the Ministry the Environment through its department of Licensing and Guidance

(which included the EIA section) to arrange for screening, control and follow up on the EIA process and

its implementation. The approval of an EIA is a pre-requisite for any subsequent license or permit by any

or all other relevant authorities that may be required prior to construction. All development projects,

regardless of EIA classification, must adhere to the air emission, water, wastewater reuse; industrial and

municipal discharges‟ Jordanian standards.

Many features of the Jordanian EA system are compatible with the World Bank EA Policy (OP 4.01) and

the European Commission (EC) EIA Regulations no. 97/11. These features are in (i) screening, (ii)

scoping; (iii) the EIA report content, (iv) the content of the environment management plan, (v) provisions

for appeal; and (vi) requirements for monitoring and follow up. The assessment also showed that the

parallel EIA system established by ASEZA is very similar to OP 4.01, and includes the provisions for

public consultation and disclosure of EIA reports.

As per the EIA regulation no. 37/2005, the Technical Review Committee consists of the representatives

of the following agencies: ministries of environment, planning and international cooperation, municipal

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affairs, health, agriculture, industry and trade, energy and mineral resources, water and irrigation, tourism

and antiquities, and public works and housing, in addition, to representatives from NGO and academia.

Table (1) Summarizes the Jordanian EIA Procedures.

Table (1) Summarizes the Jordanian EIA Procedures

Summary of the Jordanian EIA Procedures Stage Activity

Initial Filing and Screening The Project Proponent completes a Project Information

Form (PIF) of the intended project and submits it to the

Ministry of Environment for screening.

An Inter-ministerial Central Licensing Committee

reviews the PIF, and after conducting site surveys

determines if the project is classified as:

Category I projects for which an EIA report is

required

Category II projects for which an initial EIA is

only required

Category III for which no environment

analysis is required

The decision is publicly displayed for 2 weeks Scoping The Ministry issues legally binding guidance on the

Scope of the Assessment

Proponent prepares a ToR, after a mandatory public

consultation.

An Inter-Ministerial Technical Review Committee

(TRC) reviews and approves the ToR.

Air Quality Monitoring There are several types of monitoring for air quality that are performed to various degrees and in different

locations by various institutions.

Stakeholder, General Public Involvement and Interest The public in Jordan shows interest in environmental matters. According to the World Values Survey, the

general public in Jordan has a positive attitude towards environmental protection. Approximately half of

the respondents (51%) elected to give priority to environmental protection even if it resulted in slower

economic growth, a higher proportion than in comparator countries in Jordan and the Mediterranean

regions.

Right to Seek Information from Public Authorities In 2007, Jordan issued an access to information law no. 47/2007 which gives the right to every Jordanian

to access information available with the public sector. The law sets a time limit of 31 days for a response

following the submission of the information request, defines categories of information that may not be

accessed, and calls for issuance of regulations pertaining to the different articles of this law – which are

still to be issued. The institutionalization of the EIA process has provided more opportunities than

previously available for public participation.

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) Jordan has a varied environmental non-governmental sector and significant grass-root environmental

activity. There are eighteen environmental NGOs in Jordan that vary in their size, capacity, membership,

and environmental theme of choice. Most of these work at the national level, though a few also work with

local communities. In addition, many community based organizations are involved in environmental

issues as evidenced by data from the UNDP-GEF Small Grants Program

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Jordan‘s non-governmental sector contributes towards the environmental agenda. NGOs in Jordan work

towards raising environmental awareness, mobilizing funds and providing technical assistance to

communities and industries. Some NGOs are represented on Government committees such as the EIA

technical review committee.

Environmental Standards Jordan Institute for Standards and Metrology (JISM) is the main agency responsible for issuing standards

in accordance to standards and metrology law no. 22/2000. Technical committees consisting of relevant

agencies and experts are established by JISM to develop specific standards, and the draft standards are

shared with all relevant organizations for comment before its final approval. Often affected sectors are

represented in the technical committee, such as representatives from the industrial sector being part of

committee for setting standards on air emission limits. The committee approach contributes towards

balancing interests of different parties; however, draft standards are not published for public feedback.

Several environmental standards cover issues pertaining to water and air quality in Jordan. There are four

main standards pertaining to water and wastewater:

1. Jordanian Standard 286/2008. Technical Regulations on Drinking Water.

2. Jordanian Standard 893/2006. Reclaimed Domestic Wastewater.

3. Jordanian Standard 202/1991. Industrial Wastewater. The standard sets norms for the release

of industrial wastewater to the environment .

4. Jordanian Standard 1145/2006. Uses of Treated Sludge in Agriculture.

Air Quality, there are two sets of standards: 1. Jordanian Standard 1189/2006: maximum allowable limits of air pollutants emitted from

stationary sources. These standards set emission limits for total suspended particulates by type

of industry as well as gaseous substances, and define acceptable measurement methods.

2. Jordanian Standard 1140/2006: Ambient air quality standards provide limits for ambient air

quality for particulates (TSP and PM10) as well as gaseous substances (SO2, CO, NO2, H2S,

and Pb).

Mainstreaming Environment into Sectoral Development The Ministry of Environment is developing with assistance from the EU a Strategic Environmental

Assessment Framework (SEA). This framework would enhance the environmental mainstreaming process

and further strengthen the role of MoEnv as a coordinating institution for environmental protection and

promoting sustainability. Applying the SEA helps to promote integrated environment and development

decision-making and increases and formalizes coordination across sectors, thereby helping Jordan move

away from the ad-hoc approach to environmental integration which currently characterizes much of the

interaction between MoEnv and other ministries.

The Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) The Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ), a 375Km2 area, was envisaged by His Majesty, King

Abdullah II, to establish a place within the Kingdom that takes into consideration the delicate balance

between economic growth and development, the conservation and protection of the environment, and the

sustainability of the local community along with its unique cultural heritage. In the year 2000,

constitutional measures were implemented to establish the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority

(ASEZA) through an extensive, thorough and comprehensive master plan that outlined the institutional

framework to have full regulatory authority within the zone to set the stage for future development. ASEZ

is governed by six Commissioners one of them is dedicated to the Environmental management of the

Zone, which illustrates the importance of the environment to Jordan. ASEZA‘s Department for

Environment and Health Control is responsible for environmental management and protection of the

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terrestrial and marine resources of the area. ASEZA has the authority to create and implement new

legislation.

Jordan‘s entire coastline is only 27 km long, and it lies within the boundaries of ASEZ. The ASEZ

effectively includes Jordan‘s territorial waters and its entire marine catchment area.

Since the environmental resources of Jordan are among its most important assets, the ASEZ Master Plan

addressed the need for strong environmental protection. Since 2001, ASEZA has built up a strong regime

of environmental protection, including a risk-based environmental clearance mechanism for new

industries, as well as monitoring and enforcement of standards on the existing activities.

Legal Framework For applications in the ASEZ geographical boundaries the following set of regulations prevail.

ASEZ Law No. 32 for the Year 2000 The Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) was established under Law No. 32 of the year 2000. This law

sets forth the establishment and perimeters of ASEZ, the Zone‘s Authority (ASEZA), as well as the

administration and financial affairs of ASEZA. The ASEZ Law also establishes the legal basis for

economic activities in the zone, establishment of taxes and duties, zoning of lands and buildings,

administration of coastal areas, entry and residency, and the environmental protection of the Zone.

According to Article 52 of the ASEZ Law, the ASEZ Board of Commissioners is responsible for

protecting and maintaining the environment in the Zone and for ensuring sustainable development. For

this purpose, the ASEZ Authority shall assume the powers of the national environmental regulator - now

the Ministry of the Environment.

Environmental Protection Regulation No. 21 for the Year 2001 The Environmental Protection Regulation No. 21 for the year 2001, issued in accordance with articles 52

and 56 of the ASEZ Law, provides the basis for ASEZ‘s regulation of the environment. The general

provisions of this Regulation list a number of prohibited acts regarding waste management, use of

seawater, and emission of harmful substances. They also assign ASEZA the responsibility for regulation

and monitoring of groundwater resources, and licensing and drilling of wells. Moreover, the Regulation

grants ASEZA the right to suspend the work of any activity that poses a threat to the environment.

The Regulation also sets out the legal framework for environmental management within the ASEZ,

including the permitting and post permitting management tools for environmental protection. It addresses

the measures to be taken to abate and prevent pollution of air, soil, and water by substances that are liable

to create hazards to human health, or harm living and non-living resources.

Aqaba Marine Park Regulation No. 22 for the Year 2001 The Aqaba Marine Park Regulation No. 22 for the year 2001, sets out the perimeters of the Marine Park

and its aims. It describes the formation and structure of the committee responsible for establishing the

Park's policies, preparing annual administration plans, defining financial allocations necessary for the

Park, issuing administrative, financial and technical instructions, and any other functions required. It also

stipulates a number of prohibited actions and activities, which may result in the destruction, damage or

deterioration of the natural environment of its wild life or affect the aesthetics of the area.

Regulation for the Development of Wadi Rum Area No. 24 for the Year 2001 The Wadi Rum Protected Area is located in the southern part of Jordan, about 290 km south of Amman

and about 60 km north east of the coastal city of Aqaba. It covers an area of 72,000 ha representing the

largest protected area in Jordan and the Levant region, and covers almost one percent of the total surface

area of the country. Last year it was listed on the duel list of UNESCO as a Natural and Cultural heritage.

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The Protected Area lies within the wider geographical scope of the legally recognized and geographically

established ASEZA region defined by its regulation which grants all legal powers of land use planning,

management and monitoring to the Wadi Rum Area Management Unit in all areas surrounding the

Protected Area. This regulation, along with its means of application, forms the legal and operational basis

for the buffer zone around the Protected Area.

Regulation and Licensing of Enterprises in the ASEZ No 13 for the Year 2001 This Regulation deals with procedures and conditions for the registration and licensing of enterprises

wishing to operate in the ASEZ, as well as the obligations of the registered enterprises. In particular, it

requires that the initiation of any economic activity in the Zone must have an operational permit from

ASEZA relating to the requirements for public health, public safety and the environment. Articles 6 to 12

set out the requirements including environmental requirements, which are part of the permitting

requirements. They also specify the documentation, which should be submitted along with the permit

application and the time periods for review and/or modifications. Without satisfying ASEZA of the

environmental management safeguards of the activity, no operational permit can be given.

VI. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) is an integral part of the project

implementation process to be applied during project construction, and operation and maintenance phases

of the project. As this part of ESMF provides an outline for managing and monitoring adverse impacts

(environmental and social) from the development phases, This ESMF which has been prepared with WB

guidance will be the governing document for screening of applications prior to commencing with funding

of any activities. This comprehensive plan by the CBJ clearly provides objectives and targets, internal and

external responsibilities, methods and tools for implementation, time budget, monitoring frequencies, and

financial resources. In other words, ESMF should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable,

Realistic, and Time-based. The ESMF prepared by the CBJ has been approved by the Project Owner, and

governed by the relevant environmental and social laws and guidelines .

Opportunities - Positive Social and Economic Impacts Overall, the social and environmental development impacts of this project are expected to be positive. It

will contribute to the generation of direct and indirect significant positive social and environmental

impacts as follows:

Potential Positive Environmental Impacts

- The main objective is to minimize the project's adverse environmental impacts and to

provide full cost effective compliance with the relevant environmental laws and

regulations as stipulated by the World Bank.

Potential Positive Economic Impacts

- Improving access to finance for the citizens in all Governorates.

- Improved access to finance for MSMEs in Jordan and ultimately expand employment

opportunities through private sector development. In doing so, the operation will

ultimately create sustainable private sector jobs in remote areas, including poor and

agricultural areas, support entrepreneurship, reduce poverty and contribute to economic

growth

- Strengthen the link between the financing and performance in achieving sustainable

entrepreneurship, and more inclusive access to finance;

- Support new approaches to extend MSME finance on a larger scale;

- Enhance the banking system capacity to evaluate the effectiveness of its MSE support;

21

- Improve the incentives for banks to expand into MSE lending;

- Design new financial products, and Islamic products in compliance with Shari‘ah;

- Providing employment opportunities for citizens, women; youth, engineers, technicians,

and local contractors to work in the implementation of the project, which include both

men and women.

- Increasing productivity of business, and other services.

- Provision of job creation and enhanced services in governorates.

Potential Positive Social Impacts

- Ensure better opportunities for the remote, rural and underprivileged areas to meet

citizens‘ needs with a special focus on women and youth to establish income-generating

projects with the objective of achieving sustainable and balanced development.

- Increasing public awareness of rights and responsibilities, services to be provided, fees,

access and dispute resolution mechanisms through communication, outreach and citizen

participation.

- Enhancing citizen satisfaction with the services provided by GOJ in the governorates and

building of public trust.

Management and Monitoring Requirements The CBJs need to report to project owner the progress of implementing mitigation measures within

timeframe and capabilities agreed upon with the project owner. The monitoring reports should contain

information about: types of activities undertaken, number of site visits conducted, number and types of

problems uncovered according to the agreed key performance indicators, and other good practices seen

evident in the field.

As this part of ESMF provides an outline for managing and monitoring adverse impacts from the

development phases.This ESMF which has been prepared in close cooperation between the WB and CBJ

with stakeholder consultation will ensure that the required compliance measures are in place prior to

commencing with major construction or activities with a possible negative environment or social impacts.

The comprehensive framework by the CBJ clearly specifies:

Objectives and targets;

Internal and external responsibilities;

Methods and tools for implementation;

Time budget, monitoring frequencies;

Financial resources; as well as

The plan's management procedures

Tables 2, 3, 4, & 5 in Annex 2 of the ESIA/ESMF provide an outline for the potential adverse

environmental and social impacts, proposed mitigation measures, and monitoring program, including Key

Performance Indicators (KPIs). The tables also delineate responsibilities and explain costs of

implementing.

MONITORING PROTOCOL

Monitoring & Evaluation Plan

A detailed environmental monitoring plan has been developed to verify that predictions of environmental

impacts are accurate and that unforeseen impacts are detected at an early stage and allow corrective

measures to be implemented, if needed.

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Environmental and Social monitoring is an essential component of project implementation. It facilitates

and ensures the follow-up of the implementation of the proposed mitigation measure, as they are required.

It helps to anticipate possible environmental hazards and/or detect unpredicted impacts over time.

Aiming at providing information about key environmental and social impacts of the project, and

effectiveness of mitigation measures, the CBJ in compliance with the WB and MOE regulations has

outlines a detailed monitoring plan for projects that may trigger and a detailed EA according to the

Jordanian Environmental Law or during constructional phase of the proposed project, to ensure key

environmental and social impacts are mitigated to the extent required. The Monitoring Plan is developed

and presented as part of the ESMF.

Key objectives of the lending banks monitoring plan include:

Enabling the project owner/borrower and the World Bank to evaluate the success of mitigation

as part of project supervision.

Allowing corrective actions to be taken whenever needed.

The plan contains objectives of monitoring, and specific targets to achieve, as well as main elements of

monitoring like parameters to be monitored, full description of methods and equipment to be used for

monitoring, sampling locations, frequency of measurements, threshold limits (per national and

international standards), corrective action procedures, personnel responsible for monitoring, reporting and

communication procedures.

Monitoring and procedures are set out in a way that:

Early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures is ensured

Information on the progress and results of mitigation is furnished Prior to applying monitoring

plan, the contractor should have his plan approved by the project owner with a clearly

delineated Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to facilitate further evaluations

Monitoring includes:

Visual observations

Selection of environmental and social parameters at specific locations; Sampling and regular

testing of these parameters

Formulation and implementation of monitoring plan are to be budgeted within the contractor fee and

clearly stated in the Terms of Reference.

The project owner is entitled of evaluating outcomes of the monitoring plan in annual basis through

conducting an annual plan review.

Monitoring will be undertaken at a number of levels. It will be undertaken at work sites under the

direction and guidance of the environmental unit/specialist of the lending bank who is responsible for

reporting the monitoring to the implementing agency- ie the PIU at CBJ

Any negative potential social and environmental impacts will be effectively mitigated through the

development of an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) /Environment and Social

Management Framework (ESMF) by CBJ, the proposed implementing agency.

CBJ will ensure that the borrowing banks adopt and implement the ESIA and ESMF (or screening of

subprojects, and that IDA funds will not be used towards the funding of any category A type sub-projects

or other projects included in a negative list provided by the WB to CBJ or projects that may trigger

significant negative environmental impacts .

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For social safeguard implementation, the client‘s capacity needs to be assessed and arrangements will be

made to ensure that the CBJ will have the necessary capacity for social safeguards management and

monitoring. The CBJ will be responsible to ensure the necessary compliance of borrowers, banks,

financial intermediaries, etc. An environmental/ social safeguards consultant will be hired by the WB to

assist CBJ with services in assessing the environmental and social safeguards capacity, training and

monitoring of the banks ,other FI and other micro-finance institutions as part of the criteria of selection

outlined in the Operations Manual.

It is worth noting here that CBJ will be required to document the monitoring results and measure the

benefits as part of the M&E process. A study will be undertaken to quantify some of the above benefits.

As it will not be possible to quantify all of these benefits, CBJ will try to capture some of these impacts

towards the end of the project .CBJ will thus have to set aside some funds for this study, noting that

there will be an implementation completion report at the end of the project and this above mentioned

economic benefits of the project will an integral part of this final report.

Construction Phase Operation Phase

Land Use Socio-economy Economic disruption Air Quality and Noise

Visual Impact (Landscape) Runoff pollution and drainage Air Quality and Noise Habitats, Flora

Runoff Pollution Fauna (wildlife and livestock) Archaeology Waste Management

Habitats, Flora Archaeology Waste Management

Fauna (wildlife and livestock)

Table (3) in Annex 2 outlines the overall package of environmental monitoring measures that will be

implemented in relation to the facility as outlined in detail. The table also assigns general responsibilities

for implementing each group of monitoring measures. Table (4) in Annex 2 outlines an initial monitoring

plan for both constructional and operational phases of a given project. Prior to applying monitoring plan,

the CBJ/lending bank/borrower will have his plan approved by the project owner with a clearly delineated

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to facilitate further evaluations as suggested in Table (5) in Annex 2.

Formulation and implementation of monitoring plan will be budgeted for and clearly stated in the Terms of

Reference. The project owner is entitled of evaluating outcomes of the contractor's monitoring plan in

annual basis through conducting an annual plan review.

The (CBJ PIU) need to ensure that lending bank report to them on a quarterly basis the status of the

compliance with the ESIA/ESMF while CBJ will review these reports and interact with the lending banks

on projects funded that may trigger more monitoring by the MOE and the lending banks and FIs. CBJ will

then report to project owner the progress of implementing mitigation measures within timeframe and

capabilities agreed upon with the project owner. Such monitoring reports should be kept by CBJ for review

by the WB upon request that contain information gathered and generated by the lending banks on : types of

activities undertaken, number of site visits conducted, number and types of problems uncovered according

to the agreed key performance indicators, and other good practices seen evident in the field. The CBJ will

propose a reporting schedule for the lending banks or FI‘s to follow during the project's life.

Implementation Arrangements and Capacity Building Needs

The proposed Project will be implemented by the existing Project Implementing Unit (PIU) at CBJ.

Therefore CBJ will be responsible for implementation of contracts/works, and the PIU will report to the

24

WB on implementation (including compliance with the ESMF). CBJ will be accountable for the

monitoring and reporting and for that CBJ should ensure that it has under its jurisdiction the staff trained to

propagate training to the lending banks and to aggregate needed reports from the respective authorities or

else allocate funds for the conduction of such report generation and aggregation. Lending banks will be

responsible for compliance of the borrowers to the pertinent WB and GOJ environmental law and with the

ESMF/ESIA and the ultimate supervision of their borrowers applications and implementation measures

and thereby ensuring that all project works are in compliance with the ESMF.

Since not all borrowers/MSMEs are familiar with implementation of the monitoring system, institutional

strengthening and training is needed.. The lending banks and MFIs need to report to CBJ who will retain

and aggregate the needed reporting to project owner on the progress of implementing mitigation measures

within timeframe and capabilities agreed with WB. Such monitoring reports generated by the lending

banks and MFIs should contain information about: types of activities undertaken by MSMEs, number of

site visits conducted, number and types of problems uncovered according to the agreed key performance

indicators, and other good practices seen evident in the field.

Lending banks will have the capacity to undertake supervision of works and to ensure compliance with the

required environmental measures. The PIU will be responsible to aggregate information on compliance

with the ESMF, and include as a section in the reporting to the World Bank. Further, capacity of CBJ‘s

Environment and Social Safeguards Unit will be strengthened on World Bank safeguard policies,

requirements and reporting. .

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ANNEX 1:

CONSULTATIONS

Consultations- A stakeholder Consultations Workshop was conducted with the banking sector

stakeholders including the CBJ PIU staff assigned to the MSME programme.

A stakeholder‘s consultation workshop/meeting was conducted on Wednesday October 3,

2012 at the Central Bank of Jordan to debrief the stakeholders on the project and on

environmental and social safeguards required by the WB from CBJ and potential

participating banks in the MSME Programme and Chambers of Industry and Trade.

Attendees were:

Name Position E-mail

Alaa Aldin Al Ashi Head of SME Dept-Arab

Bank

alaaalashi@arabbank.com.jo

Hani Khader Head of Marketing/Cairo

Amman Bank

hani.khader@cab.jo

Ms Samar.Taha Jordan Chamber of

Industry/Assistant

Manager International

Relations Department

samar.taha@jci.org.jo

Ms Nour Jarrar Senior Vice President for

Strategic Planning/Arab

Banking Corporation

nour.jarrar@arabbanking.com.jo

Samer Kirresh Senior Economist/Jordan

Chamber of Commerce

kmsamer74@hotmail.com

Ms Khloud Hindiyeh Sustainability

Manager/Arab Bank

khuloud.hindiyeh@arabbank.com.jo

Ms Rania Wahbeh Group Strategy-CSR

Department/Ahli Bank

rania.wahbeh@ahlibank.com.jo

Tamer Halaseh Executive Finance

Manager/Ahli Micro

Finance Company

tamer.halaseh@amc.com.jo

Mr Mohamad Amaireh Assistant Executive

Manager for Banking

Supervision Department

/PIU Director-CBJ

mohamad.amaireh@cbj.gov.jo

Mr Marwan Saad Data Analysis and

Studies Division for

Banking Supervision

CBJ/PIU

The meeting commenced with an introduction of the programme by the Assistant

Executive Manager for Banking Supervision Department Mr Mohamad Amaireh/PIU

26

Director who welcomed the guests. He mentioned that through the WB loan a line of

credit will be established for banks to access and on lend to MSMEs with the objective of

reaching out to governorates, women and youth and this disadvantaged groups in the

MSME sector thus creating more jobs and enhance the economical situation in Jordan.

The loan (70 million dollar) will be distributed to banks and MFIs who will then on lend

to micro, medium and small sized enterprises, while take notice in the selection criteria of

projects proposed for loans to be based on neutral or +ve environmental impacts.

WB consultant then welcomed the guest, and introduced herself. WB usually sets

regulations to the loan program where selection is made upon certain criteria that

including other financial and technical issues would take environmental aspects and

social safeguard issues into consideration. WB will give the CB a line of credit to be

utilized as sources of microfinance/small and medium enterprises funding.

The representative of the Jordan Chamber of Commerce Samer Kirresh argued that

MSMEs lack sufficient experience which forms an obstacle for them for obtaining loans.

CBJ-Mohammad Amaireh responded that Banks actually are trying to give out loans

to MSMEs. In fact, the government of Jordan and CBJ are working on solving this

obstacle. CBJ however, cannot eliminate the safeguards that should be presented for

ensuring micro, small and medium projects compliance and facilitation to access to funds

and ease of collaterals. What will help improve the situation is this provision of technical

assistance and a line of credit offered from the WB. Moreover, and despite the obstacles

currently present, the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation and the Credit

Bureau have been working on developing an MSME strategy which is now is the process

of approval where the Credit Bureau will work with MSMEs and help them build their

capacities and organize the MSME sector.

Arab Bank representative Mr Alaa Ashi: What about the loaning percentages and the

methods of loaning?

CBJ Mohammad Amaireh: Such an issue will be later thoroughly clarified and

discussed as discussions are still on going between CBJ and WB

WB consultant: The program mainly targets women and youth and those in the

governorates, selection criteria which should be taken into consideration when giving out

loans by the banks. The regulations of the MSME program are in line with the world-

wide applied and known WB social and environmental safeguards and regulations, and as

an example child labor regulations and working hour‘s limitations. Whether you as

Bankers should search for in an MSME applicant is your responsibility to initially screen

the applicant for eligibility using the OPM flow diagram and she went on to explain the

screening of applicant‘s process from an environmental and social safeguards aspect.

The program mainly targets micro, small to medium enterprises all of which are

eligible to apply.

Dr Amal then discussed the Negative list of projects and the OP 12 in the

handouts passed on to the attendees with special emphasis on the regulations

27

regarding and child Labor, exploitation, gambling and projects that aim on

producing deemed illegal products etc according to the list.

The loan obtained by the each MSME will be relatively small. In order for

MSMEs to obtain the loan they will have to apply and upon applying to the bank

a screening process by the environmental and social officer at the bank will take

place according to the OPM flow diagram where Category I and II projects will

be subjected to the national licensing authorities for trade and industry where

each has a steering committee with members from different sectors (M. of

Environment, M. Of Health, Labor, Municipalities, university academics,

Ministry of trade and industry, Chambers of Commerce and Industry) who will

look into the qualifications of the MSMEs.

As Bankers, you will be working as a Safeguard initializing the screening process

for selection.

―The Negative list of Industries not eligible for Financing under the project‖ is a

simple list that is in line with every day business in Jordan and is nothing to be

afraid of. It is only a list that the World Bank has devised to ensure that

applicants proposed projects for financing fall outside the list to ensure eligibility

of the applying MSME for the WB loan

An important note is that Projects to be financed should not cause involuntary

take of a land, relocation or loss of shelter, loss of economic sources, viability or

cause involuntary restriction of access to legally designated protected areas.

The representative of the Jordan Chamber of Trade Mr Kirresh commented that

No MSME can take another MSME out of business, this normally occurs in large

enterprises such as in the telecommunication sector, therefore this criterion would not be

of any trouble to the lending banks.

WB consultant: According to the Jordanian Environmental Law, Projects are categorized

into 3 categories;

1. Category 1 : Large projects that require an EIA report

2. Category II: Medium projects that require an initial EIA report

3. Category III: Small projects that require no EIA or any environmental analysis.

Most of the projects that could be financed by the program lie in category III and a few in

category II but that does not mean that Category III projects are rejected.

For projects that require and EIA, an ―environmental approval‖ from the Ministry of

Environment needs to obtain through an EIA. This is normally for projects that have a

potential negative impact on the environment and normally it would cost around JDs 20-

30,000. So most MSMEs would normally not opt to be in that category I. If in Category

II or III the approval process is easier.

The MSME is then asked to fill in the questionnaire which Dr Amal went through and the

loan application in cooperation with the delegate of the social and environmental

safeguards loan specialist.

28

An Important issue that was discussed in the session, where the banks

representatives suggested providing an Arabic version of the questionnaire or a

bilingual form and OPM Flow and negative list.

WB consultant informed the attendees that the process will not be overburdening them ,

as the pertinent national environmental and social regulations ensure compliance however

bi annual audits will be conducted by the WB where they would request from CBJ to

have them solicit a list of loan beneficiaries and a random selection with checkups will

made on the implemented projects to check whether they are complying with the

environmental and social safeguards and regulations and laws or not

WB consultant said that as Bankers, you are considered the Radar of the program, where

you are the first to get an initial indication of MSMEs projects categories before the

applicant goes ahead seeking GOJ licensing and approval.

Arab Bank Representative: asked if this process applies only for new projects, or

could be implemented for ongoing ones?

WB consultant: it could be for both, so long WB/CBJ funding is used

Mohammad Amaireh: assured the attendees that the number of MSMEs who may be in

the red zone (category 3 zone) is envisaged to be limited, therefore the process is neither

a very lengthy nor a hard one.

WB consultant: I suggest streamlining the program where the Jordanian Chamber of

Commerce and chamber of Industry could play a supporting role to stream line and

categorize their members‘ applications to the program before going to the Banks seeking

loans. This will make it more beneficial and easier for the Banks as both chambers have

specialized units and staff for technical support and environmental and CSR.

The representatives of the Jordan Chamber of Industry commented that would be a

good idea. However, our main problem would be lack of awareness of the industrials in

the sector. Thus she suggested that they would be implementing awareness campaigns

and workshops that aim to raise awareness about the program from the one side, and

would help in categorizing projects of interested MSMEs before directly heading to the

Banks from another side.

WB consultant: continued going through the questionnaire and emphasized on

considering the benefits that each MSME project would bring for the economy from a

social and environmental perspective.

For instance, a questionnaire with many ‗YES‘s would give an indication that the

proposed project requires environmental analysis

Depending on the category of the project, loans should not be given out before

obtaining the Ministry of Environment‘s approval for categories I and II projects.

The representative of the Jordan Chamber of Commerce: Do you encourage working

with MSMEs in governorates?

WB consultant: Yes definitely, the program actually prioritizes MSMEs outside the

borders of Greater Amman Municipality including gender/women and youth.

29

Mr Khader of Cairo Amman Bank: asked on how they can Categorize Projects?

Dr Amal: Projects could be normally water/wastewater treatment plants, dams,

roads, Schools and buildings, power generation, and chemical production industries

and oil refineries.

ABC Bank representative: But by default, these projects cannot obtain loans because

such projects would require much larger financing than the one this program offers

WB consultant: No they can, the loaning percentage or the amount of loan won‘t change

from a micro to small to medium projects. Even if the size of these projects was medium

they are still eligible to apply and cannot be banned from applying to the loan program,

however the approval and scrutiny process and mitigation measures required by both the

WB and M of Environment in Jordan is lengthy and costly for them which may deter

them from applying for financing of such projects.

WB consultant: After the MSMEs have obtained the Banks approval and loan, it is the

CBJ responsibility to make a check up every 6 month and choose random samples out of

the qualified and effective list of MSME projects.

WB consultant to talk about the environmental and social aspects about the program.

Regarding the nature of the agreement between the WB and the CBJ and a ESIA/ESMF

will be posted on the CBJs website and WB Infoshop as soon as the agreement is

finalized.

WB will directly communicate with the CBJ not with the Banks themselves. CBJ will be

the communication channel between the WB and the Banks.

WB consultant: In the ESIA/ESMF, samples are provided on what to look for in terms of

environmental and social scrutiny for example such as food processing regulations, social

impacts and construction projects.

Special notice should be made to OP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment and Public

Participation) and to OP 4.12 (involuntary …)

Dr Amal mentioned that the Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) is has its own

regulations that apply and which govern MSMEs working in its geographical area.

Finally, WB consultant passed her contact details and informed them that she would be

available to answer any questions they may have and would be available to support as

needed.

30

ANNEX 2:

ESMF TABLES Table (2): Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and the Responsible Entity for Mitigation

Phase Activity Measures to mitigate the activity impacts Responsible Entity

Process of

Implementing

the projects

Public health

To maintain the public health and to mitigate the impacts which affect citizens lives Ministry of Health and

Ministry of Labor

Excavation waste

The Contractor shall get rid of remnants of excavation in safe places that have been previously selected by the

concerned municipality. However, excavated soil/dirt will be used to refill.

The contractor

Historical and

cultural properties

Digging works will occur only at a depth of 1 m but if any historical assets are found (chance finds) during

drilling works, the work will be stopped immediately. The contractor will inform Archeology Department and

work will not be resumed except after getting the required permission or finding an alternative project route.

Contractor, Department of

Antiquities and Cultural

Heritage.

Dust

The vehicles used for transporting the materials will be covered and water will be sprayed during windy or

stormy weather.

Contractor

Noise

During excavation the contactor shall undertake works during the daytime so as to cause least disruption and

inconvenience to the local population. In the event that there are any complaints, then measurement will be taken.

Contractor

Emission of

exhausts

All vehicles in the work location shall be licensed and insured and be exposed to check regarding emission of

exhausts from environment authority, and to be sure that emission rates are not over the permitted limit.

Contractor

31

Disabling the

infrastructure and

services due to

excavations

To avoid any damages that may occur to the communication cables, water networks, waste and rainwater, the

contractor shall inform and get the required permissions/licenses before starting drilling and taking the required

precautions in order not to harm the infrastructure. In the event that this happens inadvertently, the contractor will

repair any damage immediately.

Contractor

Traffic Jam

To avoid or minimize potential and expected traffic jam in places where digging will take place, good

coordination with relevant institutions such as municipalities, police traffic will be observed. This can reduce the

impact to a minimum. There will also be official declarations/announcements of road closures as a result of

excavations before the start of the project.

Traffic Authority and

Contractor

Public Safety

Work sites signage will be placed to illustrate clearly the areas of excavation to avoid falling and accidents. The

workers will be equipped in the workplace with safety equipment such as personal protective shoes and clothing,

caps, goggles; appropriate to the nature of work situation as well as warning signals of phosphorus in the project

sites, in order to maintain the safety of visitors to work sites. All who enter the work site will be provided with

helmet and signs. Only specialist workers will be allowed to operate any machinery and equipment in order to

reduce the incidence of accidents. As much as possible, implementation of any part of the project will be avoided

during the night hours.

Contractor

Trees There will be no tree cutting, taking the necessary permissions from the owners of these trees (municipalities)

will be needed so as not to damage trees. The contractor

Soil erosion To prevent soil erosion during the digging process the soil will be compacted. Also work will be stopped during

heavy rains to reduce soil erosion and accidents. Contractor

Restore the work

site as it was Work site will be restored as it was and any damage to the surrounding land and roads will be repaired. Contractor

Loss of Housing All the project activities, even if there will design changes, will not be done on public land but rather on private CBJ and the lending Bank

32

or access to assets land and will not result in: (i) involuntary taking of land; (ii) relocation or resettlement; (iii) loss of assets or

access to assets, and (iv) loss of income sources or means of livelihood. loss of income

sources or means

of livelihood's

Public

Consultation for

projects

impacting

communities

The fear of

citizens

Media campaign will be implemented (local radio - newspapers - CBJ's website).

Explanatory brochures will be distributed with the bills.

Workshops will be held to explain the benefits and to answer the citizens' questions.

CBJ and the lending Bank Notice for the

Citizens

Citizens will be notified of the dates of work.

Field visits will be organized

Public Safety

In order to maintain the safety of workers and the customers in the work site, all those who enter the

work site will be provided the tools necessary for safety.

Put back the work place as it was before and will repair any damage that may result from works.

Cost for implementing the mitigation measures as outlined above will be embedded in the works borrower‘s loan responsibility.

A monitoring plan will be used as the monitoring stages required ensuring conformity with the principles and procedures laid down in the national environmental legislation during

the planning project design construction and operation activities

33

Table (3) The overall package of environmental monitoring measures that will be implemented and general responsibilities for implementing each group of monitoring measures.

What Parameter to be

Monitored

Where is the parameter to

be

monitored?

How are the parameter to be

monitored/ type of

monitoring equipment?

When is the parameter to be

monitored frequency

of measurement or

continuous?

Monitoring

Cost What is the cost of

equipment or

contractor

charges to perform

monitoring

Responsibility

Public and Worker safety At construction

site

Visual: Worker wearing

Equipment

Weekly random

times none

Construction

Contractor

Excavation Waste At construction

site

Visual:

Trucks covered or

ground watered

Weekly:

Random times

Weekly

Minor Construction

Contractor

Historical ,cultural and archaeological Assets At construction

site Visual At all times Minor

Construction

Contractor

Dust levels At construction

site Dust visible

Weekly, more

frequently

during dry, windy

weather

Minor

Construction

Contractor,

Municipality

Noise Levels At construction

site

Observing noise level

and taking

measurement only if

there are complaints

from residents

At all times Minor Construction

Contractor

Machinery

engine

emissions

At construction

site

Visual:

Examine engine exhaust

Certification

Equipment first

comes

to project site

Minor Construction

Contractor

Disruption of local traffic patterns Roads at or near

construction site

Visual:

Alternate

routes clearly

indicated

During traffic jams Minor

Construction

Contractor and

Traffic Police

Public Safety At construction

site Visual At all times Minor

Construction

Contractor

Trees Trimming At construction

site Visual At all times Minor

Department of

Forestry,

Construction

34

Contractor

Soil Erosion At construction

site Visual At all times Minor

Construction

Contractor

Accidents At construction

site

Safety training

for workers,

accident

reports,

community

consultation

Monthly

Construction

Contractor,

Ministries of

Labor and

Health

Restoration of work site At work

site Visual

at the end of work

period Minor

Construction

Contractor

35

Table (4) Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/Guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Construction and Operation Phases

Indicator Parameters

to be Mitigated

Location Mitigation

measure (incl

methods

&Equipment)

Frequency Relevant

Authority/Responsibilities (incl.

Review & reporting)

Cost (incl. equipment & individuals

Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Construction Phase

Land Use

(population

relocation,

involuntary

land

acquisition,

any negative

impacts on

livelihoods

and

construction

resulting in

restriction to

access of

legally

designated

parks and

protected

areas are

prohibited)

Loss of use of

farming lands

* Loss of

private lands

* Limited to

agricultural

lands

* Limited to

privately owned

lands

* Limited to

privately owned

agricultural

lands

* No

compensations

are budgeted for ,

land acquisitions

will not be

permitted

as per OP 4.12

CBJ will provide

capacity and

monitoring so

that OP 4.12 is

not triggered

At all times CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* General with liaison with

relevant ministries and lands

Directorate

No Compensation cost authorized under this

project

Economic

Disruption

((population

relocation,

involuntary

land

acquisition,

any negative

impacts on

livelihoods

and

construction

resulting in

restriction to

access of

legally

designated

* Disturbance

of

private

businesses

* Small and

medium

commercial and

industrial

private

enterprises

* Evasion of g

loss of income

* Engaging

affected people in

the

development

process

At all times CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* General

liaison

with relevant entities

* Chambers of

Industry and

Commerce

N/A

* Disturbance

to

demography

and

loss of

employment

opportunities

* Localities in

the close

proximity to the

activity

* Giving priority

in hiring to local

population

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

Cost associated with

hiring process

36

parks and

protected

areas are

prohibited)

supervisor and Ministry of labor

Visual

Impact

(Landscape

* Visual impact

due to

construction

machinery

movements and

preparation

sites

for construction

*particularly

affected

population

centers

* Well fencing

construction sites

with

barriers that

would improve

the visual

aspects.

* Planting trees in

the areas of

proximity

to population

centers

* Incorporating

landscaping and

structural

elements in the

affected areas

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor and Ministry of

Environment

* Equivalent to

planting trees along

with labor needed

* Cost associated

with incorporating

environmentally friendly

landscaping

elements

Air Quality

and Noise

* Introduction

of diseases

especially

respiratory

diseases

through

dust and gas

emissions

* Elevated

levels of noise

causing hearing

problems to

residents,

workers as well

as affected

people

* Soiling and

degradation of

visibility

* Acidification

by gas

emissions,

causing adverse

impacts on soil,

* affected

population

centers

* Construction

preparation sites

* Performing

preventative and

corrective

maintenance to

construction

machinery

* Using

protective gear

suitable for

protecting against

dust, gas, and

noise

emissions

* Spraying

surfaces of high

soiling and

dust generation

rates.

* Monitoring gas,

dust and noise

emissions and

ensuring

compliance with

local and

At all times

during

construction

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor and Ministry of

Environment

* Costs associated

with preventative

and corrective

maintenance of

construction

machinery

* Costs of

performing gas,

dust, and noise

emissions

monitoring

* Cost of using

protective gear and

educating workers

on best practices and

housekeeping

* Costs associated

with communicating

with concerned

parties for major

activities

37

property,

vegetation,

animal, and all

living aspects

international

emission

thresholds

* Scheduling

working hours,

transportation

activities, and

machinery

mobilizations

within day hours

* Educating

workers on best

practices

and housekeeping

* Continuously

liaising with

concerned

parties for major

activities, and

ensuring

effectiveness of

complaints and

communication

channels for

grievances

Runoff

Pollution

*Sedimentation,

spillage, and

discharge of

pollutants

* Flood risk

due

to alteration of

floodplains

* Health risk of

using polluted

water reservoirs

(drinking and

agriculture)

* Alteration to

land drainage

and addition to

watercourse

crossings

* Potential

contamination

Waterways

along

, and

downstream

agricultural

lands

* Avoiding

operations in wet

weathers

* Selecting

appropriate

timing of the year

* Using sufficient

drainage

structures to

minimize runoff

in inside ditches

* Treating

erosions and mass

wasting

sites

* Disconnecting

road sediment

sources

to watercourses

* Monitoring

At all times

during

construction

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

*Contractor with

continuous liaison

with:* Construction

supervisor,

* Ministries of Agriculture, M of

Environment ,and Water and

Irrigation

* Costs equivalent to

proper drainage

constructions

* Costs associated

with preventative

works

* Costs of site and

water resources

monitoring

38

to shallow

groundwater

construction sites

and

applying periodic

maintenance to

machinery and

equipment

Habitats * Habitat

destruction and

disturbance

All along the

construction

camping,

excavation, and

preparation

locations

* Ensuring

crossing

structures do not

pass fragile

habitats to

minimize

destruction,

fragmentation,

and pollution

* Localizing

quarries, cut and

fill, and

preparation sites

in less fragile and

endangered

habitats

* Site monitoring

by ecosystem

specialist

* Educating

workers on site

on

ecosystem

conservation

concepts

At all times

during

construction

phase

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Environment

conservation entities

* Liaison and

communication

costs

* Costs associated

with site monitoring

* Costs associated

with workers

education

* Habitat

Fragmentation

* Terrestrial

and

aquatic Habitats

pollution

Fauna

(wildlife and

livestock)

* Blockage of

animal

movement

between their

habitats

In farm and

pasture lands,

woods and

forests

* Mapping and

identifying

affected large

mammals and

their home range

and fencing.

Mapping their

movements

* Identifying

appropriate site

for the

construction of

wildlife passes

* Site monitoring

At all times

during

construction

phase

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Environmental

conservation entities

* Liaison and

communication

costs

* Costs equivalent to

researches and

mapping

* Costs associated

with site monitoring

* Costs associated

with workers

education

* Entrapment of

mammals

during flooding

seasons at

certain sites due

to water pattern

alteration

Certain sites of

waterways

* Animal Certain sites of

39

persecution due

to increased

access to

remote

areas

waterways by ecosystem

specialist

* Allow natural

water flow cycle

* Educating

workers on site

on

ecosystem

conservation

concepts

(As a minimum

requirement, and

based

on mapping of

mammal‘s home

range,

one crossing

passage structure

should be

located within

each individual

mammalian

species. Some

mammals

have small home

range, other big

mammals have

bigger home

range due to

their dispersal

nature).

Flora * Destruction

and

fragmentation

of

vegetation

cover

due to road

construction

At construction

locations

* Mapping and

identifying

affected

species

* Recultivating

affected

vegetations to

the extent

possible

At all times

during

construction

phase

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Environmental

conservation entities

* Liaison and

communication

costs

* Costs equivalent to

researches and

mapping

* Costs associated

with site monitoring

* Costs associated

with workers

education

Waste

Management

* Spills of solid

and liquid

waste

All along the

Construction,

camping,

* Confining

vehicle

maintenance and

At all times

during

construction

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

* Costs associated

with periodic

machinery

40

from

construction

machinery and

vehicles

excavation, and

preparation

locations

refueling to areas

in construction

camps

designed to

contain spilled

lubricants and

fuels

* Using of special

containers with

complete labeling

* Using of second

containment

tanks for

oil collection and

handling

phase the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Directorate of

Roads

* Local

Municipalities

maintenance and

check up

* Costs of providing

appropriate

containers/ second

containment and

labeling

* Improper

disposal of

cleaning up

waste after

construction

completion

Construction

camping,

excavation, and

preparation

locations

* Collecting,

storing and

disposing to

approved disposal

sites, according to

MOE

requirements

* To the extent

possible, reusing,

recycling and

properly

disposing of all

construction

materials

At all times

during

construction

phase

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Directorate of

Roads

* Local

Municipalities

* Costs associated

with periodic

machinery

maintenance and

check up

* Costs of providing

appropriate

containers/ second

containment and

labeling

* Improper

disposal of

domestic waste

from trade,

industrial and

from working

camps

Construction

camping,

excavation,

trade, industry

and

preparation

locations

* Provision of

garbage bins and

sanitation

facilities. All

toilet facilities

should be located

at least 300m

from

water sources or

existing

residences.

* Educating

workers on site

on waste

handling and

recycling

At all times

during

construction

phase

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Directorate of

Roads

* Local

Municipalities

* Cost associated

with hocking up

working camps at

available sanitation

networks

* Costs of waste

bins for solid

domestic wastes

* Costs of educating

workers on site

41

concepts

* Construction

equipment wash

off

Construction

camping,

excavation, and

preparation

locations

* Collecting and

disposing

contaminated

water in an

industrial

network or

dumped

into a specialized

landfill.

At all times

during

construction

phase

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Directorate of

Roads

* Local

Municipalities

* Cost associated

with hocking up

working camps at

available industrial

networks

* Costs of potential

hauling of

waste water to designated M. of Env. And

municipality approved

industrial landfill

Archaeology * Accidental

Discovery

In work sites * Immediate

stoppage of work

should be

performed in case

of accidental

discovery

* Consult with

the General

Department

of Antiquities

should a potential

discovery

occurred

At all times

during

construction

phase

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Department of

Antiquities

* Costs associated

with stoppage hours

by Contractor

* Costs associated

with manpower and

transportation by

General Department

Antiquities for new

Discoveries

* Potential

change to the

setting and

character of

identified

archaeological

sites due to

landscape

improvement

At work sites * Apply

protection

techniques to the

exposed

archaeological

elements (for

instance, using

cladding

techniques) to

help protect

against dust,

smoke, and fire

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Department Antiquities

* Costs associated

with applying

protection

techniques (USD per

square meter) and

manpower (hourly

rates in USD) by

Contractor

* Costs of

communication and

transportation to the

site by General

Department of Antiquities

* Potential

damage to the

existing sites

due to heavy

42

machinery

mobilization,

introduction of

vibrational, or

atmospheric

elements

allowing for a

buffering zone

* Keeping equipment and vehicles

within the limits of the initially disturbed

areas during all stages of the project

* Fully and continuously liaising and

coordinating with the Department Antiquities in

all

stages of the project:

* Consult with the Dept. of

Antiquities should loss or

damage to the sites detected

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

and

Bridges

* Potential

damage to the

existing sites

due to heavy

machinery

mobilization,

introduction of

vibrational, or

atmospheric

elements

Across the work

zone

* Keeping

equipment and

vehicles

within the limits

of the initially

disturbed

areas during all

stages of the

project

* Fully and

continuously

liaising and

coordinating with

the General

Dept of

Antiquities in all

stages of the

project:

* Consult with

the General Dept,

of Antiquities

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

of the lending banks apply

ESMF

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Dept. of Antiquities

* Costs associated

with providing a

gathering area for

construction vehicles by

Contractor

* Costs of providing

needed maintenance

for construction

vehicles to reduce

noise and smoke

emissions by

Contractor

* Costs of remedy

actions (equipment,

material and

manpower) in case

of loss or damage

* General costs of

communication and

transportation to the

damaged or affected

43

should loss or

damage to the

sites detected

site

* Alteration of

accessibility

roads to the

existing sites

At work Zone * Provide

adequate road

signage along

routes of access

* Provide

adequate

instruction for

site

visitors on

official local

media

* Fully and

continuously

coordinate with

the concerned

local authorities

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Local

Municipalities

* Costs of procuring

and installing road

signage

*Costs of periodic

public

announcements on

official media

* Costs associated

with surveillance

visits by local

Municipalities

* General costs of

communication and

coordination

between all parties

* Risk of

looting and

vandalism

At work zones * Surveillance

visits to the sites

should

be conducted by

the relevant

authorities

to reduce any

potential for

looting and

vandalism

* Educate

workers in the

site on the

consequences of

unauthorized

collection

of artifacts

* Conduct public

awareness

campaigns to

increase level of

conservation

responses

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Dept of

Antiquities

* Ministry of

Tourism and Culture

* Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

* Costs associated

with surveillance

visits (announced

and unannounced)

by the General

Directorate of

Antiquities

and other authorities

* Costs associated

with public

awareness

campaigns by

Ministry of Tourism

and Culture

Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/Guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Operation Phase

Operation Phase (Standard Routine Maintenance Work)

44

Indicator Parameters

to be Mitigated

Location Mitigation

measure (incl

methods

&Equipment)

Frequency Responsibilities (incl. Review &

reporting)

Cost (incl. equipment & individuals

Minor

construction

work

(population

relocation,

involuntary

land

acquisition,

any negative

impacts on

livelihoods

and

construction

resulting in

restriction to

access of

legally

designated

parks and

protected

areas are

prohibited)

Impeding

pedestrian

access without

providing safe

access and

alternative

routing

Privately owned

land

Announcement

Maintenance

work done in

evenings

Informing public

Construction

permits

Once per

week

CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Municipality, lending banks and

ultimately CBJ

Cost associated with

design improvement

Air Quality

and Noise

* Air

acidification

leading to soil

and

property

degradation

* Air

contamination

by heavy metals

motor

emissions

leading to

poisoning of

living

aspects and

health

impacts to close

populations

* At work Zones * Putting a

national strategy

for the abatement

of air quality

deterioration

associated with

various

developmental

activities

* Formulating

and enforcing

air quality

standards

* Applying onsite

monitoring

procedures

* Promoting

environmentally -

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Ministry of Tourism

and Culture

* Local Municipalities

* Local public media

* Costs associated

with strategy

planning

* Costs of putting

and enforcing

standards

* Costs of onsite

monitoring and

promoting

alternatives

45

* Elevated

noise levels

due to motor

vehicles

using the road

friendly

alternatives

* Enhancement of

air quality

information and

public

awareness

Runoff

pollution and

drainage

* Costs

associated

with strategy

planning

* Costs of

putting

and enforcing

standards

* Costs of

onsite

monitoring and

promoting

alternatives new

road

construction

At work Zones * Monitoring

vehicular

pollutants

* Promoting

clean energy

* Monitoring

affected water

courses and

bodies for quality

* Enforcing

pollution

prevention

regulations

Providing stops

and service

areas with proper

waste

facilities

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Ministry of Tourism

and Culture

* Local Municipalities

* Local public media

* Costs associated

with site and water

monitoring

* Costs associated

with public

awareness

campaigns by

Ministry of Tourism

and Culture

Habitats * Habitat

disturbance

At work Zones * Promoting

ecosystem

conservation

concepts through

conducting public

awareness

campaigns

* Restoring/

Rehabilitating of

damaged habitats

at crossing

and entrances to

the crossing

to the extent

possible

* Site monitoring

by

ecosystem

specialist and

concerned parties

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Environmental

conservation entities

* Local Municipalities

* Official Local media

* Costs associated

with site monitoring

for ensuring

ecosystem integrity

* Costs of

conducting public

awareness

campaigns

* Habitat

fragmentation

(foraging areas)

* Terrestrial

and

aquatic Habitats

pollution

46

Fauna

(wildlife and

livestock)

* Access

prevention of

large and

medium size

mammals to

ecological

requirements

such as

water bodies

and

foraging areas

due to

fencing

At work Zones * Monitoring and

maintaining

paths and

underpasses to

ensure safety and

ease of

movement for

wildlife

* Providing

maintenance to

underpasses

At all times/

seasonal

** CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Environmental

conservation entities

* Ministry of

Agriculture, local

Municipalities, and

herdsmen and tribal/Bedouins

societies

* Local public media

* Costs of site

monitoring

* Cost associated

with road and

underpass

maintenance

* Costs of

conducting public

awareness

campaigns

* Cost associated

with formulating

regulations and

enforcement * Access

prevention of

Livestock

All along the

work sites

* Monitoring and

maintaining

paths and

underpasses to

ensure safety and

ease of

movement for

wildlife

* Providing

maintenance to

Underpasses

At all times/

seasonal

* Potential

entrapment

of mammals

during

flooding

seasons at

certain sites

* Potential

animal kills

through road

crossing

All along the

work sites

* Monitoring

drainage

structures

At all times/

Seasonal

* Potential

animal and

bird persecution

and/or

hunting

All along the

work sites

* Minimizing

human activities

near crossing

passes to avoid

disturbances to

wildlife using

them

* Putting and

At all times/

Seasonal

47

enforcing

regulations on

animal hunting

activities along

the road

* Promoting

ecosystem

conservation

concepts through

conducting public

awareness

Restoring/

Rehabilitating of

damaged habitats

at crossing

and entrances to

the crossing

to the extent

possible

* Site monitoring

by

ecosystem

specialist and

concerned parties

campaigns

Flora * Increased

potential

of wood cutting

and

vegetation

removal by

road users

Woods and

cultivated areas

in

the closed

proximity

* Minimizing

human activities

in the cultivated

areas around

the new road

* Putting and

enforcing

regulations on

wood cutting

activities along

the road

* Promoting

ecosystem

conservation

concepts through

conducting public

awareness

campaigns

At all times/

seasonal

* CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Environmental

conservation entities

* Ministry of

Agriculture

* Local Municipalities

* Local public media

Costs of site monitoring

* Costs of

conducting public

awareness

campaigns

* Cost associated

with formulating

regulations and

enforcement

48

Waste

Management

* Improper

disposal of

domestic wastes

in

parking and

service

areas

* Improper

discharge

of hazardous

wastes

(spills of

vehicular oil

and fuel)

* Generation of

byproduct

wastes like

shredded tires

* Parking and

service areas

along

the new

highway

* All along the

work zone

* Providing

appropriate bins

in

parking and

service areas

along the road

* Adopting a

recycling system

in parking and

service areas

for recyclable

materials like,

plastic containers,

paper and

cardboard, cans,

and glass

* Using

appropriate waste

containing and

collecting

system for

hazardous wastes

(used oil and fuel

spills)

* Promoting good

practice

through

conducting public

awareness

campaigns

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

Local Municipalities

* Local public media

* Costs of procuring

bins for domestic

waste and

recyclables

* Costs associated

with the proper

design of hazardous

waste collection

system

* Cost of conducting

awareness

campaigns on

littering and

recycling concepts

Archaeology Alteration of

accessibility

roads to

the work sites

Archaeological

sites lying

within 5

km buffering

zone

* Providing

adequate road

signage along

routes of access

for visitors

* Providing

adequate

instruction for

site visitors on

official local

media

* Establishing a

visitors'

complaint system

* Fully and

At all times * CBJ responsible for the

safeguards and social capacity

implementation and to ensure that

the lending banks apply ESMF

General Directorate

of Antiquities

* Ministry of Tourism

and Culture

* Local Municipalities

* Local public media

* Costs of periodic

public

announcements on

public media

* Costs associated

with surveillance

visits by local

Municipalities

* Costs of

implementing a

visitors' complaint

system

* Regular costs of

communication and

coordination

49

continuously

coordinating with

the

concerned local

authorities

between concerned

parties

50

Table (5) Summary of the Monitoring Program for the Proposed Project during the Construction and Operation Phases Indicator Parameters to be

Mitigated

Location Measurement

(incl methods &

Equipment)

Frequency Responsibilities

(incl. Review &

reporting)

Cost (incl.

equipment &

individuals

Key

Performance

Indicator

(KPI)

Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Construction Phase

Land Use (population

relocation,

involuntary land

acquisition, any

negative

impacts on

livelihoods and

construction

resulting in

restriction to

access of legally

designated

parks and

protected areas

are prohibited)

* Loss of use of

farming lands

* Loss of private lands

* Limited to

agricultural lands

* Limited to privately

owned

lands

* Limited to

privately owned

agricultural

lands

* No

compensations

are budgeted for ,

land acquisitions

will not be

permitted

* Official

reporting

from the field

* Collecting

feedback/

complaints from

land owners,

users/farmers,

and

public by means

of

complaints

system

at Municipalities

At all times * CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

* General

with liaison

with relevant

ministries and lands

Directorate

(surveyors,

reporters, and

higher

management)

* General

Directorates of

Agriculture

(surveyors,

reporters, and

higher

management)

* Farmers

associations

* Real estate

associations

No

Compensation

cost

* Cost of field

investigations

* Cost of

communication

with affected

people and other

stakeholders,

including the

establishment of

a

complaints

system

* Costs

associated

with furnishing

field reports and

reviewing

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

* Enhanced

productivity

measurements

Economic

Disruption

(Disturbance to

demography

and

loss of

employment

opportunities)

(population

relocation,

* Disturbance of

private

businesses

* Small and

medium

commercial and

industrial

private

enterprises

* Localities in

the close

proximity to the

activity*

* Evasion of g

loss of income

* Engaging

affected people in

the

development

process

Quarterly * CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

General

liaison

with relevant entities

Cost associated

with

hiring process

*Cost associated

with conducting

surveillance

visits

for both

demographic

research and

* Increased

number of local

workers hired

in the project

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

* Disturbance to

demography and

loss of

* Giving priority

in hiring to local

Population*

51

involuntary land

acquisition, any

negative

impacts on

livelihoods and

construction

resulting in

restriction to

access of legally

designated

parks and

protected areas

are prohibited)

employment

opportunities

Localities in

the close

proximity to the

new highway

* Working

camps and

construction

preparation

areas

Conducting

demographic

surveys for the

population in the

close proximity,

and

furnishing reports

* Conducting site

inspections to

workers camps

* Running a

complaints

system

* Chambers of

Industry and

Commerce

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor and

Ministry of labor

* Representatives

of Department of

Statistics

* Representatives

of labor

department

labor

annual

complaints

received

Visual

Impact

(Landscape

* Visual impact

due to

construction

machinery

movements and

preparation sites

for construction

* Efficiency of

Fencing around

construction sites

* Quantity of

trees planted in

the areas of

proximity to

population

centers,

* Amount of

incorporating

landscaping and

structural

elements

* Degree of visual

change

*particularly

affected

population

centers

* Construction

sites

* Well fencing

construction sites

with

barriers that

would improve

the visual

aspects.

* Planting trees

in the areas of

proximity

to population

centers

* Incorporating

landscaping and

structural

elements in the

affected areas

* Applying

Housekeeping

procedures at

construction sites

* Site

surveillance

(furnishing

reports)

* Interviews with

affected people

* Running a

complaints

system

Quarterly * Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor and

Ministry of

Environment

* Equivalent to

planting trees

along

with labor

needed

* Cost associated

with

incorporating

environmentally

friendly

landscaping

elements

* Cost of

applying

housekeeping

procedures and

best

practices

(included

in the contractor

fee)

* Costs

associated

with conducting

surveillance

visits

and collecting

feedback from

public

* Increase of

Positive public

compliance

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

52

Air Quality

and Noise

* Introduction

of diseases

especially

respiratory

diseases through

dust and gas

emissions

* Elevated

levels of noise

causing hearing

problems to residents,

workers as well

as affected

people

* Soiling and

degradation of

visibility

* Acidification

by gas

emissions,

causing adverse

impacts on soil,

property,

vegetation,

animal, and all

living aspects

* Noise levels

* Degree of using

protective gear

* * Obligation to

applying best

practices and

housekeeping

* affected

population

centers

* Construction

preparation sites

* Performing

preventative and

corrective

maintenance to

construction

machinery

* Using

protective gear

suitable for

protecting against

dust, gas, and

noise

emissions

* Spraying

surfaces of high

soiling and

dust generation

rates.

* Municipal and

public health

agencies

monitoring of

ambient gas, dust

and noise

emissions and

ensuring

compliance with

local and

international

emission

thresholds

* Scheduling

working hours,

transportation

activities, and

machinery

mobilizations

within day hours

* Educating

workers on best

practices

and

housekeeping

* Continuously

liaising with

Quarterly * Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor and

Ministry of

Environment

* Costs

associated

with preventative

and corrective

maintenance of

construction

machinery

* Cost of

monitoring air

parameters

including noise

levels (estimated

at

annually 25,000

USD assuming

equipment are

available, if not,

cost may reach

75,000 USD)

* Cost associated

with monitoring

compliance with

using protective

gear and

housekeeping in

the working site

(included in the

contractor's and

supervisor's fees)

* Costs

associated

with monitoring

spraying events

(included in the

contractor's fee)

* Keeping

pollutant

concentrations

within

threshold limits

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

53

concerned

parties for major

activities, and

ensuring

effectiveness of

complaints and

communication

channels for

grievances

Runoff

Pollution

* Alteration to

land drainage

and addition to

watercourse

crossings

* Avoidance of

working in wet

weathers

* Water quality

water

bodies (Chemical

and Biological

parameters)

*Waterways

along

, and

downstream

agricultural

lands

* Construction

sites and

draining

formations

* Surrounding

plains

* Creeks, water

bodies, and

shallow

groundwater

* Site

surveillance

(furnishing

reports)

* Physical

inspection of

drainage

formations

along the

construction sites

* Water quality

Standard

Operating

Procedures

(SOPs)

and provision of

testing equipment

Quarterly for

water quality

and drainage

monitoring

Contractor with

continuous liaison

with:

* Construction

supervisor,

* Ministries of

Agriculture, M of

Environment ,and

Water and Irrigation

* Costs

associated

with preventative

works(included

in the

contractor's fee)

* Costs of site

and

water resources

monitoring

* Costs

associated

with site visits

* No

significant

change in

watercourse

observed

* Keeping

pollutant

concentrations

within

threshold limits

54

Habitats * Degree and

magnitude of

habitat pollution

due to

construction

activities

* Degree of

workers

perception

towards

ecosystem

conservation

* Site restoration

after work

completion

All along the

construction

camping,

excavation, and

preparation

locations*

*Acknowledged

fragile habitats

in a proximity

of

the construction

site

* Surveillance

visits

*Furnishing

field reports &

Inspection visits

to the affected

habitat sites.

* Periodic

evaluation

(ongoing

competency) of

workers on

ecosystem

conservation

At all times

during

construction

phase

* Periodic, for

evaluating

workers

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Environment

conservation entities

* Liaison and

communication

costs

* Costs

associated

with site

monitoring

* Cost of

conducting site

inspection and

associated

reporting and

review

* Costs of

educating

workers

on the ecosystem

conservation

* Costs of site

restoration after

work completion

*No Habitat destruction will be

allowed

* Affected

habitat restored

to its original

state with prevailing penalties

* Workers

evaluation

passed

regarding

ecosystem

conservation

Site restoration after work is

completed (all borne by the

contractor)

Fauna

(wildlife and

livestock)

* Blockage of

animal

movement

between their

habitats

*In farm and

pasture lands,

woods and

forests

*Certain sites of

Waterway

* Construction

sites

* Endangered

sites

* Site

surveillance

and incident

reports

* Amount of

constructions

supporting

animal

movement and

protection

* Periodic

evaluation

(ongoing

competency) of

workers on

ecosystem

conservation

*At all times

during

construction

phase

* Periodic, for

evaluating

workers

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Environmental

conservation entities

* Liaison and

communication

costs

* Costs

equivalent to

researches and

mapping

* Costs

associated

with site

monitoring

* Costs

associated

with workers

education

* Decrease in

number of

incidents

reported

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

* Entrapment of

mammals

during flooding

seasons at

certain sites due

to water pattern

alteration

* Animal

persecution due

to increased

access to remote

areas

55

Flora * Destruction

&fragmentation of

vegetation cover

* Tree-cutting rate

* Direct signs of tree

destruction

* Direct signs of

vegetation

fragmentation and

alteration

At construction

locations

* Vegetation

sites of special

concern

* Mapping and

identifying

affected

species

* Periodic

evaluation of

workers on

ecosystem

conservation

At all times

during

construction

phase

* Periodic, for

evaluating

workers

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Environmental

conservation entities

* Liaison and

communication

costs

* Costs

equivalent to

researches and

mapping

* Costs

associated

with site

monitoring

* Costs

associated

with workers

education

* Decrease in

number of

incidents

reported

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

Waste

Management

* Spills of solid

and liquid waste

from

construction

machinery and

vehicles

* Degree of spill

pollution due to

construction and

hazardous waste

improper disposal

in the site

* Degree of

domestic solid

waste improper

disposal

* Degree of

improper

discharge of

machinery

washoff

* Availability and

suitability of

dumpsters

All along the

Construction,

camping, sites

excavation, and

preparation

locations

* Confining

vehicle

maintenance and

refueling to areas

in construction

camps

designed to

contain spilled

lubricants and

fuels

* Using of

special containers

with

complete labeling

* Using of

second

containment

tanks for

oil collection and

handling

* Construction

site

inspection

* Provision and

continuous

review

of onsite waste

management

system

* Provision of

At all times

during

construction

phase

* Continuous

for site

inspection and

availability of

dumpsters

* Periodic for

Waste

management

system review

* Contractor with

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Directorate of

Roads

* Local

Municipalities and

Ministry of

Environment and M,

of Health

* Costs

associated

with periodic

machinery

maintenance and

check up

* Costs of

providing

appropriate

containers/

second

containment and

labeling

* Costs of

providing

appropriate

dumpsters,

hazardous waste

containers, and

recycling bins

* Costs

associated

with site

inspections

* Costs

associated

with adopting a

sound waste

management

system onsite

* Decrease in

number of

spillage

incidents

reported

* Increase in

preventative

actions taken

* Decrease in

corrective

actions

performed

56

appropriate

dumpsters,

hazardous waste

containers, and

recycling bins

including

periodic

review

Archaeology * Accidental

Discovery

* Stoppage of

work (procedures)

In work sites

* Immediate

stoppage of work

should be

performed in case

of accidental

discovery

* Consult with

the General

Department

of Antiquities

should a potential

discovery

occurred

*Weekly site

visits

* Periodic/

annual for

reviewing

stoppage

procedures

for site

inspection

*Weekly

vibration

measurement

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Department of

Antiquities

* Costs

associated

with stoppage

hours

by Contractor

* Costs

associated

with manpower

and

transportation by

General

Department

Antiquities for

new

discoveries

* Decrease in

number of

accidental

discovery

* Potential

change to the

setting and

character of

identified

archaeological

sites due to

landscape

improvement

At work sites

and in particular

near Sites of

cultural value

and identified

archaeological

sites under

direct

effect

* Apply

protection

techniques to the

exposed

archaeological

elements (for

instance, using

cladding

techniques) to

help protect

against dust,

smoke, and fire

* Furnishing

inspection reports

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Department

Antiquities

* Costs

associated

with applying

protection

techniques (USD

per

square meter)

and

manpower

(hourly

rates in USD) by

Contractor

* Costs of

communication

and

transportation to

the

site by General

Department of

Antiquities

for site

inspection

* Cost associated

with monitoring

57

by

contractor

(embedded with

contract) and

antiquities

department

* Potential

damage to the

existing sites

due to heavy

machinery

mobilization,

introduction of

vibrational, or

atmospheric

elements

*Across the

work zone

** Sites of

cultural value

and identified

archaeological

sites

* Conducting site

inspections and

furnishing reports

on any noticeable

damage

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* General

Dept. of Antiquities

* Cost of site

inspection by

contractor

(included in the

contractor's fee)

and antiquities

department

* Cost of

monitoring

vibration levels

(included in the

contractor's fee)

* Decrease in

number of

damages

reported

* Alteration of

accessibility

roads to the

existing sites

At work Zone

* Access routes

to existing

archaeological

sites and places

of cultural value

* Measuring

feedback from

site

visitors through

running

complaints

system

* Conducting site

inspections and

furnishing reports

on any

accessibility

issues

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

supervisor

* Local

Municipalities

* Costs of

procuring

and installing

road

signage

*Costs of

periodic

public

announcements

on

official media

* Costs

associated

with surveillance

visits by local

Municipalities

* General costs

of

communication

and

coordination

between all

parties

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

* Risk of

looting and

vandalism

At work zones * Conducting site

inspections and

furnishing reports

* Contractor in

liaison with

construction

* Costs

associated

with surveillance

* Decrease in

number of

looting and

58

on any incidents supervisor

* General

Dept of

Antiquities

* Ministry of

Tourism and Culture

* Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

visits

(announced

and

unannounced)

by the General

Directorate of

Antiquities

and other

authorities

* Costs

associated

with public

awareness

campaigns by

Ministry of

Tourism

and Culture

vandalism

incidents

Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Operation Phase

Operation Phase (Standard routine Maintenance work)

Indicator Parameters to be

Mitigated

Location Mitigation

measure (incl

methods

&Equipment)

Frequency Responsibilities

(incl. Review &

reporting)

Cost (incl.

equipment &

individuals

Key

Performance

Indicator

(KPI)

Socio economy

(population

relocation,

involuntary

land

acquisition,

any negative

impacts on

livelihoods and

construction

resulting in

restriction to

access of

legally

designated

parks and

protected areas

are prohibited)

* Impeding land access

Work sites Site surveillance

reports

* Interviews with

farmers,

Bedouins,

herdsmen,

residents

* Running a

complaints

system

Monthly for

site

surveillance

* Annual for

interviews

* Continuous

for running

complaints

system

** CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

NGOs, Farmers

associations

* municipalities

* Statistical

departments

Cost associated

with

conducting

surveillance

visits

* Costs of

interviews and

analyzing

feedback

* Costs

associated

with running a

complaints

system

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

Air Quality

and Noise

* Number of incidents

of connected

respiratory diseases

* Population

centers down

wind of the

* Studying

National health

records of

* Annual

survey for the

health records

* CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

* Costs of

conducting

annual

* Decrease in

number of

respiratory

59

* Concentrations of

heavy metals, NOx,

SOx, and VOCs

missions

* Noise levels

work Zones respiratory

connected

diseases

* Measuring

concentrations of

air parameters

and

noise levels using

monitoring

calibrated

equipment and

appropriate

monitoring

methods

* Study

Monthly

monitoring

reports for

the air

pollutants and

noise levels

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

* Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

* M. Of Health

health surveys

* Cost of

monitoring

air parameters

including noise

levels (estimated

at

annually 25,000

USD assuming

equipment are

available, if not,

cost

may reach

75,000

USD)

connected

diseases

* Keeping

pollutant

concentrations

within

threshold limits

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

Runoff

pollution and

drainage

* Physical evidence of

flood events

* Water quality in

creeks and water

bodies (Chemical and

Biological parameters)

* Water quality of

shallow groundwater

(Chemical and

Biological parameters)

At work Zones

Surrounding

creeks, valleys,

watercourses,

Dams, and

shallow

groundwater

* Grab sampling

techniques

* Field testing

equipment

* Laboratory

testing equipment

and accredited

testing

procedures

Monthly for

quality

monitoring

* Seasonally

for physical

inspection to

drainage and

floods

* * CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

Ministry of Tourism

and Culture

* Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

Cost of

collecting

and performing

chemical and

biological testing

*Cost of

collecting

and performing

chemical and

biological testing

* Decrease in

number of flood

occurrences

* Keeping

pollutant

concentrations

within

threshold limits

Habitats Ecosystem integrity At work Zones

Endangered

that may have

habitats

Site inspection

and

comparison with

recorded original

status, furnishing

reports

Seasonal

* CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

* Environmental

conservation entities

* Local

Municipalities

* Official Local

media

*Royal Society for

the Conservation of

Nature

* Costs

associated

with site

monitoring

for ensuring

ecosystem

integrity

* Costs of

conducting

public

awareness

campaigns and

reporting

* Affected

habitat kept in

its original state

60

Fauna

(wildlife and

livestock)

* Blockage/entrapment

incidents (wildlife and

livestock)

* Kills and hunting

incidents

At work Zones

* Passage and

crossing points

* Field

surveillance to

drainage and

crossing points

and

furnishing reports

* Reporting on

Fauna killings

and

hunting

* Periodic for

field

surveillances

to drainage

* * CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

Environmental

conservation entities

* Ministry of

Agriculture, local

Municipalities, and

herdsmen and

tribal/Bedouins

societies

* Local public media

Costs of

surveillance

visits

* Decrease in

number of

incidents

reported

Flora Vegetation removal

and wood cutting

Sites with

special concern

and woods

Site inspection

and

comparison with

recorded original

status, furnishing

reports

seasonal ** CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

* Environmental

conservation entities

* Ministry of

Agriculture

* Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

Costs associated

with site

inspection

and furnishing

reports

* Affected

vegetation kept

in its original

state

* Increase in

number of trees

planted

Waste

Management

* Usage of recycling

bins and dumpsters in

parking and service

areas

* Public perception and

acceptance to recycling

measures

* All along the

work zone

* Site inspection

and furnishing

field reports

* Interviewing

road users and

services shops

owners, and

using

media adds

(questionnaires

could be used as

well

* Monthly for

site

inspections

* Periodic for

interviews and

using media

adds

* CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

*Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

* Cost of

conducting

site inspections

and

furnishing

reports

* Costs of

interviewing

road

users

* Media cost of

conducting

awareness

campaigns on

littering and

* Increase in

number of

positive reports

from the field

61

recycling

concepts

Archaeology * Availability of access

roads to the

archaeological sites

and associated

facilitation

* Satisfaction degree

for visitors to the

archaeological sites

and provided

facilitation

* Access roads

to the

archaeological

sites

* Site inspection

and furnishing

field reports

* Interviewing

site

visitors and

collecting

feedback

through

complaints

system (field

questionnaires

could be used)

* Using media

campaigns

* Monthly for

site

inspections

* Periodic for

interviews and

using media

adds

* CBJ responsible

for the safeguards

and social capacity

implementation and

to ensure that the

lending banks

apply ESMF

*General Directorate

of Antiquities

* Ministry of

Tourism

and Culture

* Local

Municipalities

* Local public media

* Costs

associated

with regular site

inspections

* Costs of

collecting

feedback from

sites

visitors and

running

a complaints

system

* Costs of design

and

implementation

of media adds

* Increase in

number of

comments

responded to

* Decrease in

number of

annual

complaints

received

62