the message of the local (native) to natives

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The Message of the Local (Native) to Natives

PREFACE

Surfing the web, I came across TheMessage of the Local (Native). It is adocument allegedly issued by theEducational and Cultural Movement of Edessa .... because of 100 years from theannexation of Macedonia. Prompted by thefact that I'm one of the natives of Macedonia,rushed to read this text. I comment belowsome of its references.

1. THE LOCAL (NATIVES)MACEDONIANS

The writers of this text, like to callMacedonians those (and only!) from thenative of Macedonia who, during theliberation of 1912, spoke the Macedonian orVlach or the Muslim Macedonians. Foranother large class of natives of Macedonia,merely they report that they were Greek-speaking or Greek Orthodox of Macedonia.

Let us learn the above friends that, indistrict of Serres, were compact Macedonianpopulation, not simply Greek-speaking butwith Greek morale: This is the whole or thevast majority of the indigenous in theprovinces of Nigrita, Pangaeum, Zichna,Serres with Darnakochoria, etc. High rateswere also in towns like Demir-Hisar (nowSidirokastro), Eski Tjumaja (now Heraclea),Meleniko, Petrich, Alistrati and many otherlarge villages.

Also a high percentage of the population inthe region of Serres spoke a dialect of Bulgarian, as characterized by the commonpeople, then and now: It is the language thatour friends from Edessa call Macedonian.All those locals of Bulgarian-speaking (or if you want Slavic speaking) were in constantcontact with Greek-speaking compatriots.Further more, these Bulgarian-speaking wereactually bilingual: All men, and a significantportion of women, spoke Greek. Bilingualwas the brave agonist Karatasios 1821,according to friends of Edessa.

Most of these bilingual remained stable inGreek morale. With the onset of racialcompetition in Macedonia (after 1870), theirfellowmen of Bulgarian morale stuck themwith the nickname Grecomani (of Greek morale). At one point mumbler this nicknameour friends of the Educational ... Movementof Edessa.

The aforementioned "Grecomani" were notsome spacers of stepfather beliefs. TheirGreek spirit inherited from their ancestorsthrough oral tradition and religion. Mainly inthe traditions of Greek-speaking natives, aswell as in some bilingual, had left thememory of behalf of Alexander the Great,connected with the names Macedonians andMacedonia.

However, was more catalytic the constantinfluence of religion: In the Macedoniancountryside, until the last quarter of the 19thcentury, there were only Greek Orthodoxchurches. The Greek-speaking, as well as thebilingual, worshiped there every Sunday. In

the evenings, the priest offered to teach Greek elementary letters to those children and boyslike it. There was, if want, the need for self-preservation: The bishops needed priests, andthe priests needed chanters. Prospectivepriests or chanters had to learn Greek.Certainly some priests taught their studentssome nuggets of history.

Thus, for centuries, all the Christians of Macedonia had in common denominator of aGreek culture, even elementary. Of course,

there were some other social approaches: Thepriest Malamas Frantzanas from AgiaParaskevi (then Xylotros), had a slave-speaking wife from Scutari (then Kispeki).Mitrousis Tasioudis or Bartzas, was best manfor one bilingual from Peponja (then Yeni-Mahala) by which he had ourtakia (co-operation)The Greek-speaking Macedonians fromNigrita-district stayed overnight often asguests in the homes of their bilingual friendsin Kamila or Peponja etc, when they went tothe bazaar held every Tuesday at Serres.

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So, the majority of these bilingualsconsider as obvious to remain in Hellenism(Greek moral). There were of course theopposites. Some bilingual families werebroken up: Half Greek morale (Grecomani)and the other half Bulgarian morale!

Apart from the above, none can ignore thefact that these Grecomani suffered badly(and more than the Greek-speakingMacedonians) even sacrificing their own livesin order to defend their Greek morale. Untilrelatively recently (1941-44), during theBulgarian occupation in eastern of riverStrymon, many bilingual families from theoccupied villages, Kamila, Vamvakousa etc,moved in German-region, west of theStrymon, to avoid the vengeance of theBulgarians. Approximately ten bilingualfamilies settled then in my village Xylotros,one of them in my grandfather's house.

So, ladies and gentlemen of theEducational ... Movement of Edessa, willyou do the grace to include as Macedonians(without quotes) all us the Greek-speaking,and generally the Greek-morale natives of Macedonia?

2. THE GREEK-MORALE NATIVESAND THE STRUGGLE OFLIBERATION

The friends from Edessa argue that in theliberation struggle of Macedonia participatedmostly non-Greek-speaking Macedonians.And emphasize that no leader and no bodycreated by Greek speaking of Macedonia.Let they be informed that in Serres hadparticipated in the liberation struggle many-

many Greek-speaking locals. Among the bestknown are the captains Hatzipantazis, Dukas-Gaitantzis (under the pseudonym Zervas),George Giagklis, their predecessor andlegendary Captain Giorgas, Vlachbeis, Papa-Paschalis Tsiangas (Captain Androutsos),Andreas Makoulis (from Stenimachos) etc.Less well known are dozens of local group-leaders, the vast majority of whom wereGreek-speaking. Some examples are,Kotzampapas from Dimitritsi, Daratzis from

Agia Paraskevi, Boulasikis from Serres,Tsouvaltzis from Rodolivos, Kioutsoukisfrom Agio Pnevma (then Veznikioi), Tzelepis

from Kamenikia, John Kepas fromVamvakofyto, Tentzios, Karatsolis, Semkos,Mylonas, Basil Gkaitantzis etc. And of course, separate position held by the non-Greek-speaking legendary Captain MitrousisGogolakis, from the homonyme village (thenChomontos).

3. GREEK-MORALE MACEDONIANS,VICTIMS OF RACIAL COMPETITION

The authors argue, into their text, thatnever Greek-speaking people of Macedonia had complained about any attack or pressure from their non-Greek-speakingcompatriots. I cite only some indicativelyexamples of the attacks and pressures hadtaken place against the Greek-speaking,and more generally against the Greek-moraleMacedonians, at the sanjak of Serres, where,according the allegations of the Edessianfriends, there was a strong separatistmovement under Jane Sandanski. Just beloware some of the works and days of suchrevolutionists or separatists:- In 1895, large groups of armed persons ...entered ... in Melenikon ... burned a Turkish

neibourhood, killed ... 6 Ottomans, but somebullets ... diverted and instead of save theGreeks ... killed 7 of them. ( from a narrationof Paillares, later charge d'affaires of theGreat Powers in the sanjak of Serres ).- On 6/8/1998, in Ano Vrontou of Serres, hadbeen mangled Peter Papavasiliou and JimMandouris, to be followed shortly themurders of Papantoni, Georga andPapagiannis Ouzounis.- On 24/1/1901, burnt and thrown into the

oven Basil Gounaris from Demir-Hisar.- On 8/5/1901, the village Tseresovo of Nevrokopi (now Pagoneri of Drama), therevolutionists attacked against the Greek-Macedonian cantor during the Divine Liturgy.- In the middle of 1901, murdered nearNevrokopi (now Goce Delchev, Bulgaria) the13 years old son of of the Greek-VlachChristos Kechagias.- Late September 1901, murdered thepeasants Bozikas, Liontas and Mitas Mazanis,

from Saviako (now Vamvakofyto)..- On Easter Sunday of 1902, at Zirnovo (nowKato Nevrokopi), a group of armed

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revolutionists, forcibly interrupts theLiturgy of Love (Second Resurrection),invades into the Holy Bema and lacerate thevestments of the Greek-Macedonian Priest.- On 17/4/1902 murdered George Liontasfrom Saviako.- On 3/5/1902 at Zirnovo, twelve-teamrevolutionaries takes care for theclandestine harvesting of crops VlassisIoannidis.- In late June 1902 murdered JohnBouravanis, mouchtar of Kruevo (nowAchladochori).- In early 1903, Christ Lianos murdered intothe church of Zirnovo, during the DivineLiturgy. Shortly afterwards murdered priestPapa-Elias from the village Frastena (nowOreini). The same time murdered JimIakovou, in Ano Vrontou of Serres.- On 15/3/1903 murdered outside SaviakoAngelos Chasirtzis.- On 26/9/1903 murdered James Iakovou andNik Dingos, in the village of Lakkos.- On 19/10/1903 murdered Papa-Giannis andPericles Asteriadis from the Krousovo.- On 26/10/1903, a group of revolutionistsinvade into the celebrating Temple of Zirnovo

and kidnaps the peasants Zafiriou, Basileiouand Christidis, which mangle.- On 6/3/1904, rally takes place inThessaloniki on cruelties of therevolutionists against the Greek-Macedonians- In October 1904, the Greek Community of Serres, sends to the High Porte, as well as tothe European Powers, written complaintalleging for the murders and other feloniesof the revolutionaries.

- On 12/12/1904, a group of revolutionistsentered the village Startsovo (origin of nowinhabitants of Neo Petritsi) and forced theGreek-Macedonians residents, by gunpoint, tosign a declaration of accession to theExarchate. With the intervention of theBishop and Ottoman authorities, theinhabitants took courage and turned toOrthodoxy (at 17/1/1905). But they had topay the price by the massacre 6 co-villagers(at 5/7/1905)

- On 20/10/1905, Jim Philipou assassinated insquare of Petritsi. That same year, Koboki

family exterminated, in the village Egri-Dere(now Kallithea of Drama}.- On 1/9/1906, the revolutionistsTaskaenters the village Chomontos, invades thehome of the (absent to the fields) MitrousisGogolakis and kills his wife and his only son.The cause of such a murder was the fact thatthe non-Greek-speaking Mitrousis refusedto become a revolutionist of Taskatype.- On 20/5/1906, the revolutionists sawingthe peasant Velio Mitskari, in the fields of Kruevo.- On 6/6/1906, murdered the GrecomaniSpasis Denas and Mitas Kepas, from thevillage Saviako, by co-villagers revolutionists.- On 28/6/1906 mangled outside the door of his home in Krousovo the old priest Papa-Christos- On 12/12/1906, revolutionists invade thevillage Klepousna (today Agriani of Serres).The account was 11 killed and 8 woundednon-Greek-speaking Grekomani and 7burned houses.- On 27/7/1907, a group of revolutionistsare murdering Theodore Mandela, outside the

village Frastena. Thus completed their work since before some months had murdered hisbrother and one year before his father.

(The above ... revolutionary actionsgleaned from the History of Serres of thememorable Peter Pennas. Anyone interested in more ... blood, can refer to the abovebook ).

I am sure that the friends of Educational... Movement of Edessa can present thesame, or worse, have been made by thecaptains of the Macedonian Struggle (1904-1908), or anti-Macedonian as they like tocall it. Of course, they have to accept that therevolutionary activity of their heroes,small sample of which is recorded above,preceded by a full decade.

4. MACEDONIAN IDENTITY

The friends of Educational Movement ...of Edessa complain that by the "new regime"

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(so call the liberation of Macedonia ) theyforbidden to have the same national identity(Macedonian) with their homogeneousof the Republic of Macedonia.

First of all, they themselves and theirhomogeneous of the neighbouring state, aretrying to monopolize the Macedonianidentity: They do not want even to ... sharethis identity with the Greek-morale natives of Macedonia, as in detail already hasmentioned.

They know very well that such a nationalidentity has been created just in late 1944, asan internal form of Yugoslavia. It is true thatthe friends of Edessa as well as theirhomogeneous of the neighbouring state,used earlier of the above year the nameMacedonian. But not only those. Alsocalled themselves Macedonians, the Arvanitesand Albanians of Macedonia in order to bedistinguished from their homogenous of othergeographic areas. For similar reasons, calledthemselves Macedonians, the Vlachs as wellas the Turks of Macedonia. Of course calledthemselves Macedonians the Greek-speakingnatives of Macedonia. Indeed, I know byfirsthand that the Greek-speaking locals in the

village Xylotros of Nigrita, not only calledthemselves Macedonians, but did not knoweven the word Hellenas (Greek) or Romios.Finally, called themselves Macedonians allthe non-Greek-speaking but of Greek-moralenatives of Macedonia (Grecomani).

It is a fact that, some ancestors of thefriends from Edessa, tried before in 1944 touse the name "Macedonian" for (supposed)national determination. Already since 1903Christe Misirkov wrote, in his work

Macedonian Affairs, roughly as follows:Our fathers and grandfathers were saying,thirty years ago, that they were Bulgarians.

But now we have become a new nation, the Macedonian nation . Here's how to make anation! So simply Misirkof woke up onemorning and turned from a Bulgarian to aMacedonian. In fact, he remained a verygood Bulgarian. He saw that by theBulgarian tactics until then had provedimpossible to integrate the entire Macedonia

to Bulgaria. Greece has successfully claimedthe territories to which there was a strongpresence of Greek-moral Macedonians, while

similar claims had the Serbia. The Bulgarianirredentism could prosper only throughautonomy of Macedonia: The country wouldbulgarized in a second stage, according thesuccessful model of Eastern Rumelia,which had survive only a few years as anautonomous principality with Greek-Bulgarian structure. But the recipe had tochange somewhat: Not a Greek-Bulgarianprincipality. This trick did not go anymorebecause we got wind of not only by theBalkan neighbours but also by most of Europeans. To shed their wool over eyes,Bulgaria should not be seen as expedited. Wewill present that autonomy is seeking byanother nation, the nation of theMacedonians. And, because there is no sucha nation we, the Bulgarians of Macedonia,will create it. We declare from here that weare not Bulgarians but Macedonians!

The fact that the Greek-moral ,as well as allthe other natives of Macedonia, declaredMacedonians, were butter on bread for theBulgarian irredentism. The sloganMacedonia to Macedonians could confuseeveryone!

Really, nobody believed to the

Macedonian ethnicity which discoveredby Misirkof. Even Misirkov himself!Somewhere I read that in the years thatfollowed rejoined the ... Orthodox Bulgarism.

Those Bulgarian-Macedonian leaders thatallegedly embraced the new ethnicity, heldas grand secret the colpo grosso of Misirkofs inspiration. This applies to famousJane Sandanski, whom our friends of Edessapresent as the leader of a separatistmovement ... particularly strong. Astride his

horse, accompanies the Bulgarian army to thedescent from the Strait of Rupel, during thefirst Balkan War, as the leader of theBulgarian-Macedonian battalions. Sandanski,of course, knew very well that Bulgariaparticipated in this war, not to liberate or toautonomize Macedonia but to integrate theBulgarian state.

So, no effect had the invention of Misirkof on Macedonian ethnicity. From 1870 until1944, everyone knew only Bulgarians. The

Iliden movement was known as Bulgarian.Themselves the friends of Educational ...Movement of Edessa mention that the Iliden

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movement characterized as Bulgarian byKypreos and Dragoumis, serving then (1903)in the Greek consulate of Monastiri (Bitola) .Be so, the sources and not the modernGreeks who say that the revolution of Iliden was a Bulgarian one, regardless if youoffend or hurt you

You have chosen to think ashomogenous the Macedonians of theneighbouring state. Those who also theBulgarians think as their homogenous.

5. ANTI-GREEK DELIRIUM

The friends of Educational ... Movementof Edessa have chosen the mostinappropriate way to support their rights onlanguage etc. They throw libels againstModern Greek and the Greek State,selecting anything unfavourable (in theirview) has been said by those who opposed themodern Greeks. Not missing some coarseinaccuracies, rather unworthy of comment.

By the same tactics (selective show of unfavourable historical references or events,as they think), attack sharply againstPatriarchy or Romeo-orthodoxy

Priesthood and particularly againstAnthimos of Thessaloniki. In contrast, theyare rounding and beautifying, as possible, anyreference to Bulgarian Exarchate (whilesimultaneously ... they hurt because somepeople call them Bulgarians!). They callsettlers, colonizers (!) and racistpolitical bodies (!) the uprooted refugeesfrom Asia Minor and attack against theRussian-Pontics refugees. Why so racialhatred by some claiming that they are

themselves victims of racism?

6. MACEDONIAN LANGUAGE andOther MACEDONICS

The friends of Educational Movement ...of Edessa also complained that by the newregime (as they call the liberation of Macedonia), their mother language havebeen banned, persecuted, derided andslandered.

I have friends who know this language.They do not use it in public, not because thatis prohibited by anyone but because ...

nobody understands them. I think I knowenough of English but not use them in public.Because I will become a laughingstock in theeyes of my countrymen, especially of theordinary people, who do not know English.

I do not know what language use in theirhomes the above my friends, nor care. Withthe friends I mentioned, I went repeatedly inBulgaria, where they did interpreter debtswith relative ease. As they had been into anenvironment that knew their language, theyspoke with Bulgarians themselves. The rest of us understand nothing, but no care what theysay. In meetings we had with Bulgarianscientific committees in Greece, these friendsdid debts of ... additional interpreter whenEnglish were not enough.

I wonder, my friends from Edessa: None of you has gone to Bulgaria? Bulgarians visitorsdo not come to Edessa? How you are consultwith the Bulgarians? Use an interpreter?

Anyway, either Bulgarian is this languageor Macedonian (as like to call it the friendsfrom Edessa), I fully agree that should notonly be spoken freely but also be nurtured.As, generally, should be nurtured alllanguages and cultures, even in the case of

very small population groups that representthem. Of course, under the currentcircumstances, if someone has the demand to

join these languages in public education,unilaterally from Greece, he is at least naive.

Further more, in terms of private initiative,I do not think in Greece today is any obstacle.As an example I can mention the civil non-profit company of our friends from Edessa.At their website (http://www.edessavoden.gr),they give free lessons of Macedonian

language and culture. Unfortunately, thisexcellent initiative accompanied by hostileagainst Hellenism. Not only is theaforementioned anti-Hellenic delirium thrownby Message of the local. They highlightany propaganda of the neighbouring state of their expatriates, as the map of ethnic-geographical Macedonia, which expressestheir irredentism. THey are unwanted intothe village, but they ask to go to ... Popeshome, says a proverb.

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7. THE DESTRUCTION OF KILKIS (AndNot Only)

The friends of Educational ... Movementof Edessa claim that during the SecondBalkan (Greek-Bulgarian) war of 1913, ...the Greek army bombed ... the civilianpopulation of towns and villages that were inhis way. Destroyed the city of Kilkis as foundit at first in his way ... ". With the exceptionof Kilkis they do not clarify which townsand villages imply with their report.

There is no need of any proof, to acceptthat the soldiers and irregulars of both sideshave made any kind of atrocities, certainlycondemnable. Another thing though is to utterthat the (regular) Greek army ... bombed ...civilian population or that destroyed thecity of Kilkis.

Kilkis So, friends of Edessa, as you wellknow, was chosen as battlefield from theBulgarian military command of that war.When you put cannons, machine guns andammunition inside Kilkis, and with thesestrafe your opponent, you know a priori thatthe positions of these arms will also beknocked by the opponent, that ammunition

will get fire that will burn the city, that thecivilians are delivered at the mercy of projectiles. Thus, the Bulgarian militarycommand, and only this, is responsible for thedisaster actually happened in Kilkis.

None of the European war correspondentsof that time have referred, not even a hint,about anyone fault of Greek army on thedestruction of Kilkis. It is worth to mentionhere a reference, said from the well-known(from the Russian revolution) Trotsky, who in

1912-13 was in Sofia, as envoy by anewspaper of Vienna. Trotsky, among otherscomplained about Bulgarian atrocities againstTurks in Thrace. Some Bulgarian-Macedonians of Sofia complained because hedoes not write for the destruction of Koukouts(Kilkis) by the Greeks. He answered them,roughly as follows: I write for identifiedBulgarian atrocities in Thrace. I do not knowanything about Greek atrocities in Kilkis.

The supposed Greek atrocities in Kilkis

appeared for the first time in the report of theCommittee set up by the American Instituteof Carnegie. After the war, this Commission

arrived to Macedonia, but expelled by theSerbs. The Greeks were content to proteststrongly, just the representatives of theCommission appeared in Thessaloniki,apparently because of its pro-Bulgariancomposition. These had happened whenGreeks and Serbs do not even know that theCommission will capped by two eminentlypro-Bulgarian of its members: From the

journalist Brailsford and (mostly) fromMiljukov, professor of history at theUniversity of Sofia and member of theRussian Duma. The report of CarnegieCommission, had been published inWashington in 1914, but immediately hadbeen denounced as false and misleading bythe Greek diplomatic authorities there. It hasbeen reprinted in 1993 and since is projectedby the Bulgarian side, as well as by thehomogeneous friends of Educational ...Movement of Edessa in the neighbouringstate.

Miljukov follows, in general, the followingtactics: He is rounding, as possible, theBulgarian aberrations, when he cant hidethese completely. Unlike, emphasizes andmagnifies any Greek aberrations or invents

such actions. So, invents, develops andpromotes the alleged fault of the Greek armyto destruction of Kilkis, stressing repeatedlythat it was the first time (21/6/1913) of suchan action: That is, the Greek army was firstwho began the unrighteous hands. Unlike,completely ignores the Bulgarian atrocities,massacres and disasters in Nigrita and thesurrounding villages. About these atrocities,had boomed entire European press. Whenasked why he ignores the Bulgarian

activities in Nigrita, he replied that heheard something, when passed from Serres,but had no time to go in Nigrita in order toverify the rumours!

Miljukov knew well what he did. TheBulgarian atrocities in Nigrita, held on18/6/1913, three whole days earlier than thedestruction of Kilkis. So, the sad pre-eminence, is passing de facto to belovedBulgarians. Also, there was anotherdisadvantage against the aspirations of

Miljukov. In Nigrita there was no battlebetween rival armies. There were simplyslaughters of Greek-Macedonian civilians,

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from Bulgarians: 470 slaughtered only inNigrita. The city was burned completely.Furthermore, in each of the surroundingvillages, about 10 peasants slaughtered, somedozens of houses burned etc.

Atrocities in the region Nigrita had beenmade, or at least had been tolerated, byregular Bulgarian Army, in cooperation withthe guerrillas. The latter were Bulgarian-Macedons. These which our friends of Edessacall revolutionists or separatists. It wasthe boys of Sandanski. They had organizedby the Bulgarian state in battalions thataccompanied the regular Bulgarian army.

The dried numbers can not describe thehorror. So, I refer in a case about which Iknow persons and things. In the villageXylotros, at June 16 of 1913, the residentspanicked when heard that the Bulgarians arecoming. All of them, as well as somethousands of the near villages, decided toleave hurriedly toward the rear of the Greek Army, in district of Halkidiki. All of them,except ten adventurous. They, in order toprotect their possessions, decided to stay inthe village, sending to Halkidiki only theirfamilies. The Bulgarians will slash you,

were saying the others to them. But they haddecided to take the risk. They are no beasts.They are people like us, said Mitrousis, theeldest of all. They are the ones who passedand we talked for an autonomous Macedonia.They are the same who the last winter hadmade my house headquarters, in order to hitNigrita. They will respect the bread, whichate from my hands.

When, after three days, the villagersreturned, they found slaughtered the ten

daring men and their homes burned. Today allof them have been forgotten. Their memorypreserved in the memorial-statue of thevillage, erected after war. From the list of thismemorial I copy only those from whom I geton ... license: Mitrousis Bartzas or Tasioudisand his brothers Nikolas and Kostantis.Malamoudis Athanasios and his brotherApostolos.

The latter was the father of small Katerina.She was then only 6 years old. The cholera

and other circumstances had completed thework of ... Separatists, decimating herfamily. She grew up in the home of her lala-

Basil (uncle Basil). She remained uneducatedand illiterate. She married and did family: 7kids! Every so often narrated the martyr of her father and was ending with the ... refrain:I leave you blessing and a curse, everywhereyou meet Bulgarian to kill him. One day,when she was telling the story again of,happened to pass by the side street a stranger,unknown to the family. Then, one of her childsaid: Look at there mother! This on the streetis a Bulgarian. I'm going to kill him!Katerina raised her eyes, saw the stranger andreplied: No! What we blame this kid. Otherswere those Bulgarians who killed my father.

The uneducated Katerina, gave, by herway, the message: Stop the tribal bloodshed.Can we not send out a similar message, wethe educated, either belong to Educational... Movement of Edessa or to any otherarrangement? Did you have to wonder if, by atoo lot of education, we have deformed?

8. SLAVES and MACEDONIANS

I am also a Modern-Greek-Macedon andI have not taught that the Slavs are inferiorpeople without culture and glorious history

or that the Slavs are uncivilized andinglorious. Instead I know that they have topresent unique literary, scientific bloom etc.Also, the establishment and developmentsocial schemes of humanitarian ideologyduring the previous century is a Slavicleading, irrespective of whether it agrees ordisagrees anyone with this ideology andregardless of the fact that ultimately theseschemes collapsed. The catalytic influencethey have had on global social evolution is

undeniable. So, if some people, historians orno, show you the Macedonians ... as slavizedGreeks, may be wrong. In no case, however,may be considered such an opinion as aninsult.

In any case, it is crucial what do you think about yourself. In this respect, I broughtspecial attention to some your writings. If Iunderstand correctly, you claim (withoutclearly saying) that you descended from theancient Macedonians, as they had evolved on

the arrival of Slavs in the Balkan regions(especially in Macedonia). Further you allegethat the two peoples (ancient-Macedonians

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and Slaves) because of common social andeconomic conditions, felt close each other,which facilitated the merger, as well as themutual assimilation.

Until here, could someone digest yourrespects, even without the required historicsubstantiation. But you go to another logicalleap: The fact (you say) that (the Slavs)easily assimilated with the old populations(Macedonians), shows that were relatedpeople. (Like we say, for example ... Doriansand Achaeans!). Not enough, however. Youfeel the need to give answer to the question of language you speak: Is it (ancient)Macedonian or Slavic? You answer to thisquestion with another logical leap! You write:Paparigopoulos reported that the real nameof the Emperor Justinian (527-565) wasOupravda (righteous), a Slavic name. Andyou go on: This indicates that the languageof the region of Skopia (of the ancientMacedonians) was related to the language of those who probably settled there later (theSlavs)! From the City I come and cinnamonon my top! I hope that academics andhistorians of the neighbouring state of your"homogeneous", perhaps have less blithely

arguments.9. The MESSAGE of a NATIVE to theNATIVES

Dear friends of the Educational ...Movement of Edessa. I also want to sendyou a message. A message from a Native tothe Natives. Do believe, anything you wantfor your language or for your descent. But if you claim that you have any connection with

the ancient Macedonians ought to embracethe culture that had this people. This culturewas purely Greek, at least from the 4thcentury B.C. This culture, not only embracedby the Macedonians but spread by themacross all the world. It is the culture that hasprevailed for at least 7 centuries. This cultureis yours and ours, as says the poet. Onthose distant times there was no Byzantium,so hated from you. There were no the modernGreeks, so hateful to you. There was no the so

much hated from you Modern Greek State.Moreover, the monuments of Greek culture of Macedons, in your town, in Pella, Dion, etc,

"eye-popping". I believe that if you acceptthis fact, many secondary thorns willdisappear almost automatically:- The religious leaders will find their way. Iwill not be surprised if I see Anthimos toembrace the... Archbishops of Ohrid andSkopje.- I would not be surprised if I hear someEdessians or Skopians, to less sharp chargesagainst the Byzantine Empire whichinherited all together (as would say MrPangalos).- You will not need any ideology to explainyour Macedonian (without quotes) identity oryour Slavic (or whatever you want it)language. Let solve these issues the historiansand linguists unaffected by any propaganda.Nobody cared about the fact that the people of Bafralides, Karamanlides etc. are Turkish-speaking, or disputed their Greekness for thatreason.- Above all, will disappear at once and for allthe racial antagonism, which is responsiblefor rivers of blood that drenched the land of Macedonia. Perhaps some of your fellowmenwill choose to be not Macedonians of Greek culture but Bulgarian or whatever they want.

With hi and joy!Geobartz ([email protected])November 2012

{Follows the Message of the Local(Native), as published by the Educationaland Cultural Movement of Edessa }.


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Listen MacedonListen modern Greek

This year marks 100 years since the annexation byGreece of the southern part of Macedonia, in 1912.

Already, many entities have began their celebrationsto commemorate in a festive way "the liberation of Macedonia from the Turkish yoke."The focal point is, of course, the head city of Macedonia, Thessaloniki.The municipality has planned numerous events. Inthe "axis of action", history has a dominant role. Inthis context and according to the schedule, "a three-day scientific conference is organized in October 2012, at the new Concert Hall, with internationalinterest and participation of scientists from all over the world. The organization will be done by leadinghistory scientists. Also an exhibition for the 100years' history of the city is planned in the port'swarehouse C'".

About the non-Greek-speaking and non Roman-orthodox communities living in Macedonia at thattime, particular reference is made only to the Hebrewone. A special exhibition titled "The Jews inThessaloniki. Indelible marks in the area" isorganized by the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki in cooperation with the Jewish Museumof Thessaloniki and will operate during the entireyear."Of course, the "Top history scientists," who willparticipate in the history conference, will not deal with

how random was the inexplicable fact that the rate of extermination of the Jews of Thessaloniki by theNazis is the largest among the major cities of Europeor the fact of the destruction of Jewish cemeteriesand monuments in Thessaloniki by the Greekauthorities during the Second World War or the factthat after the defeat of the Nazis, they did not returnthem to those who survived.To these events we, the Macedonians, can certainlyengage first and foremost because we are theNatives, the Locals, as they call us, residents of thisplace and any historical changes concern us, first andforemost. We, however, are invited as spectators,applauders, spineless actors. No "leading historyscientist" among those who will participate in thehistoric anniversary conference will dare to depict thereal history. To testify to what actually happenedbefore, during and after the events of 1912 and howthose are related in the meaning of liberation. Thisevaluation we, the Macedonians, the Natives of Macedonia, the Locals as they call us, have to do firstand foremost. We have to do it and submit it for theyounger to know.Liberation means relief from the regime imposed byforeigners that restricts the freedoms of indigenous tothe right of expression, government and in exercisingtheir rights over their own land.What happened, however, to the vast majority of natives who were not Greek-speaking or Roman-orthodox? To those Macedonians who spokeMacedonian or Vlach language or to MuslimMacedonians? These communities were more than3/4 of the indigenous population.By the changes in 1912, our freedoms, not only werenot restored, but were even limited .The land that had been seized by the Ottomanconquerors and had been converted to their ownestates, was not returned to us natives, but was giveneither to Greeks landlord as estates, or distributed tonew settlers who took the place of the Turks. Thewealth resources of our country that went through theexploitation of the Ottomans, had passed to theexploitation of the new rulers.More than half of the locals were forced to flee their homeland: some to save their lives, others to escapethe brutal oppression of the new regime and othersbecause of economic oppression.Those Macedonians who were killed, imprisoned,exiled or driven into forced exile these 100 years, aremuch more than those who suffered the same in the500 years of Turkish occupation.The administration of our country was not passed tothe Natives, as it would had in a real liberation.Policemen, army officers, teachers, priests, bishops,administrators, prefects, etc. all came from

Peloponnese, Crete, the East.The indigenous Macedonians, except the informers,were not appointed to the State jobs. Only after theCivil War (1946-1949) they began to be appointed tolower positions in the public services. Even this did

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not happen to ascribe justice, but because, after thecreation of the Republic of Macedonia within theYugoslav federal state and the position of KKE for aunified and independent Macedonia during the CivilWar, showed as very likely the loss by Greece of southern Macedonia. Small concessions aimed atmitigating the indignation of the natives and as a

means of erosion and assimilation.With the new regime our mother tongue, not only didnot replace the Turkish one of the invaders, but wasbanned, persecuted, laughed at, slandered. Thetraditions and customs came under control.Cultivation of local Macedonian culture was banned.They even banned the use of songs at weddings andcelebrations. We were forbidden even to declaresame national identity and origin with our co-nationalswho expatriated as economic migrants or as co-national political refugees.Only due to the support of international organizationsand signature by Greece of international treaties on

human rights, we are able to freely express ourselvesThanks to these bestowed freedoms we can talkfreely about the real history of our country and our people. Thanks to new technologies, especially theinternet, our voice can reach every corner of thecountry and the world. The least we can and we oweto do is to restore our dignity, history and basichuman rights.Since early 1990 we address the official authoritiesand we ask them to eliminate all forms of racialdiscrimination. For measures to be taken as remedyfor the injustices that made us to end up as thirdclass citizens and economically disadvantaged even

compared to Russian-pontious who settled in our localities during the 1990's. Our rightful request for removal of the racist exclusion for Macedonianpolitical and economic refugees from the right of repatriation and rehabilitation, something that wasdone for all other expatriates, was not fulfilled.Instead of it, a massive settlement of Russian-pontious who abusively are called "repatriates", whohad never lived or were gone from our area, tookplace.In order for these new settlers to settle and stay inour country, the state gave them privileges, whichwere only for installation in Macedonia and Thrace.

They were given favorable loans for house purchase,gratuitous in fact, preferentially recruited in publicservices, had preferential treatment in trade andprofessional activities, etc. And all this was donewhile the natives were and remain economicallydisadvantaged, with high proportion beingunemployed, small-landowners, small businessoweners, underemployed artisans.It is obvious that this policy served to reinforce thesettlement of foreign populations in Macedonia, tofurther alter the composition of the population at theexpense of the locals.It is the last stage of a policy that began the decade

of 1910. Also then, the state of Athens sent themajority of refugees in Macedonia to alter thecomposition of the population at the expense of locals. Those populations were forced to leave their ancestral land, to serve a classic colonial policy. They

were victims of that policy. But were used asaggressors because they played the role of theabuser, playing the role as gendarmes of the Natives.The past Security battalions and PAO members like-minded people provocatively play that role eventoday. By leaving their homes, with Greece'ssignature and the consent of the Western allies,

those refugees became settlers - bodies andhostages of the Greek colonization. They foundthemselves in a very uncomfortable position, to beleft without homeland or to play the role of colonizers.Necessarily they chose the second of two evils andso turned into operators of a racist policy.The Natives appeared in their eyes as suspiciousbodies of "Bulgarians", of "Slavs" or of "Pan-slavs"and last of "Skopians" which impinged or had"territorial ambitions" to "our Macedonia." So weappeared as a potential enemy to them and we hadto dilute or to surrender and assimilate. So thesesettlers became bodies of racist organizations and

propaganda policy of the state of Athens against thenon Greek-speaking Natives. Not only they did notresponded to our calls for support to our just cause,but they supported massively the racist official statepolicy. They justified and supported it politically. Buteven those who did not, they supported it passively.They saw the racial discriminations, persecutions,injustices and kept silent.The second, after the need, key factor on which theantimacedonian racism relied on, are theinnumerable lies which feed on the citizens of thiscountry. Many of the lies regard the "liberation of Macedonia."

Real struggles for the liberation of Macedonia weredone by Macedonians themselves. However, they aresurrounded by innumerable lies, distortion andslander. The black propaganda displays them asstruggles of the "savage Bulgarians", or Serbs, or "Pan-slavists" which had territorial claims toMacedonia. They hide the truth that says thosestruggles were made by the local inhabitants of Macedonia. Memoirs and official reports explicitlystate Macedonia as the place of origin of the politicalleadership of the liberation organization E.M.E.O.(Macedonians Internal Revolutionary Organization),founded in Thessaloniki (1892), as well as of the

chieftains and rebels. This information, however, isonly available to researchers and heretic.citizensThey systematically hide the fact that the dominantslogan of those fighters was "Macedonia for Macedonians" and all manifestos speak of anindependent Macedonia, in which all ethnic andreligious communities would coexist equally and theOttoman Empire's power, against which they werefighting, it would have been replaced by the power of the Natives.Indeed, Bulgaria had aspirations in Macedonia, andSerbia, too. These aspirations Greece invoked to

justify its own aspirations. But were they justified?

In none of the local ethnic communities in Macedoniahad been developed a political movement in favor of the union of their country with neighboring states or its partition among them. None called MacedoniaNorthern Greece, or Southern Serbia, or South-

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Western Bulgaria. But neither in Greece, Bulgaria or Serbia anyone called it so. Everyone called it plainMacedonia.In the struggle for liberation of Macedonia,participated mostly the non-Greek speaking(macedonian speakers vlach speakers)Macedonians, as Greek speakers were living mainly

in the lowlands and urban centers. Moreover, theGreek-speaking people were under the tutelage of the patriarchal priesthood that recommended"obedience to the rulers."During the Macedonian liberation struggle noopposition, nor conflict or rivalry ever were createdamong the locals. Never Greek-speaking of Macedonia did complain about any attack or pressureby non-Greek speaking Macedonians and never asked for some protection from Greece. Instead, allthe testimony and the living reality speak of a longlasting harmonic co-existance. In the liberationstruggle of the Macedonians, the Greek-speaking did

not participated, but did not undermined it, either. Therivalry was nurtured later, with meager results,fortunately, by those who did not want the unity of theNatives of Macedonia. Those who implemented thetactic of "divide and conquer." Those that fought todivide the insurgent Macedonians, to reign over themand over their land.The main divisive role was played, of course, by thediplomatic machanism of Greece in Macedonia andthe mechanism of the patriarchal priesthood. Andthey had their reason.

After the rebellion of 1903, named Ilinden uprising asthe launch coincided with the celebration of Prophet

Elijah day, the creation of an autonomousMacedonian state appeared as very likely. This wouldhave annuled the expansionist ambitions to the northof the kingdom of Greece. On the other hand, thepatriarchal clergy of Constantinople to the possibilityof liberation of Macedonia saw a repeatition of whathappened with the liberation of other Balkan peoples.Every nation had created its own autocephalouschurch and, as a consequence, lead the flock of thePatriarchate to limit itself in the boundaries of theOttoman Empire. Even the Greek-speaking Greeceestablished its own independent church, which thePatriarchate had characterized as schismatic. Their

relations were restored in 1850, but withoutabolishing the autocephalous of the Greek Church.Now, also inside the Ottoman Empire the patriarchalpriesthood had the Bulgarian Exarchate as acompetitor which was trying to win all Slavophone(Macedonians, Pomaks, Serbs) and the right of theVlachs to create their own churches and schools hadbeen recognized. So, for not losing its influence inMacedonia, it had to undermine the liberationstruggle of its people. And it did this in a very dirtyway.

As its diplomats in Macedonia write in their memoirsthemselves, Greece and the bishops - especially

German Karavangelis of Kastoria - collaborated withthe invaders and helped to suppress the Macedonianliberation movement. That collaboration led to evenmore Macedonian populations to remove from thePatriarchate and to their approach to the Exarchate,

which had kept much better attitude towards theseparatist movement and also the Catholic Church(Uniate-Unionists). Having lost most spiritual contactwith Macedonian people, it tried to restore its rankswith deceit and violence. Their main tool wasacquisition, slander and division.Karavangelis himself mentions in his memoirs the

case of acquisition of Captain Kotta from Roulia andCaptain Vangelis from Srebeno, and also theattempted acquisition of Mitro Vlachou (a Vlach).However, as they were unable to bring back theMacedonian population by hypocritical promises,persuasion, acquisition and slander, they resorted toviolence. They acted to create mercenary bodies ledby officers of the Greek army. The fact that no leader and no mercenary body was created by Greek-speaking people of Macedonia, demonstrated theharmonious relations between Macedonianindigenous peoples with different native language.Those mercenary gangs, baptized

"makedonomachous"(macedonian fighters) by thestate and religious propaganda, did not come toMacedonia to hit the Ottoman conquerors or theBulgarians who supposedly invaded Macedonia, butthe rebelled Macedonian population. With murder,destruction of villages, acquisitions, threats, blackmailand terror they tried to restore them by force to thetutelage of patriarchal priesthood. Those who they,themselves, drove away with their treacherous,undemocratic and anti-Christian behavior. This dirtygame (1904-1908) they present today as"Macedonian struggle."Even today, the successors of those bishops, starring

Thessaloniki's Anthimos, are leading to spread liesand slander against the Macedonian liberationmovement. They talk about the falsification of history,while they themselves are the biggest counterfeiters.The thief shouts to scare the landlord. Obviously theyhave the fear of "the thief and the liar only during thefirst year (century) are happy''.They encourage ordinary believers to repent for their evil acts by which they harmed their fellow-men, toconfess to them, but they themselves never do it.They invite others to reflect on whether they haveescaped the right track, but this does not apply tothemselves.

We Macedonians have a particular reason to dealand disclose the role of Roman-orthodox priesthood.It undermined our liberation and now it is starring inthe undermining of our struggle for redress of injustice, freedom of expression, the restoration of truth. It fears the truth as the devil the incense.

The course of the Roman-orthodoxpriesthood

Christianity began as a religious movement of thehumble and contempted. It denounced the greed of landlords and merchants, exploitation and oppressionof the weak. For this reason, it suffered persecutionby the Roman power. But when the Roman power found that the old Greco-Roman religions, to which itwas based on until then, had degenerated and worn

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out, it decided to replace it with a new anduncorrapted one. Moreover, this new religion wasadopting the view of many Eastern religions about ahigher God and the kings and priests as hisrepresentatives on earth. Many kingdoms of the Easthad long supported the survival on this principle.Thus, they adapted it to their power and exhibited the

emperors and kings along with the bishops andpriests, as the representatives of God on earth. Inaddition, expressly its founder, Jesus Christ, is statedas "King of Kings". This helped people's subjection totheir spiritual and therefore their political power. It isno coincidence that Christianity was adopted andimposed as the official religion by the Eastern RomanEmpire. Much of the populations of its easternprovinces, especially in Cappadocia, Cilicia, Syria,Palestine, were already Christians. Thesepopulations it sought to win in support for its authorityin those areas.The conquerors and tyrants always sought to

assimilate by religion the populations of the countriesthey impinge. More contemporary example is theChristianization of the Natives of America. TheEuropean colonialists along with the expeditionarycorps they sent also missionaries. If you convince theNatives that you are the representative of the trueGod, then they subordinate themeselves more easily.Of course, the real Christians refused to play thisrole, but they did it those who were charmed andgreedily swallowed the bait of goods of the secular power. With those, the emperors did their job and thereligious beliefs of those were imposed. It is nocoincidence that all the Ecumenical Councils, which

formed the official Christian doctrine, were convenedby the emperors. They appointed the patriarchs andbishops, they determined the basic principles of Christianity, they chased all other religious beliefs asnon-correct faiths.

A typical example is the fact of the prosecution of Icons as idolatrous symbols that was made byemperors, but also by emperors the enforcing of Iconolatry was done. The reason, of course, wasmysticism, the theofobia (fear of God) anddespotofobia (fear of bishops) that the imagesinspired in the ignorant believers. In addition, most of those who were declared saints were bishops and

emperors. The result of this unholy alliance was thetheocratic feudal system imposed by the Romans onthe subjected peoples.The Roman Empire was not created by the voluntarypooling of some people. The Romans imposedthemselves by force of arms as conquerors andbehaved as conquerors. By force they seized theland of other people and turned them into helots andslaves or imposed them unsustainable taxes withoutoffering anything to them. This power rewarded thepreachers of Christianity by imposing as mandatorythe new religion and persecuting all others, includingthe Greek one. It built magnificent temples, such as

St. Sophia, founded monasteries, granted large tractsof land and large amounts of money from publicfunds for their maintainance. In turn, the mostprivileged clergy yielded these worldly benefits bymaking propaganda in favor of the "Kings on earth",

representatives of the heavenly King. They are callingthemselves Fathers, representatives of the heavenlyFather. Thus, according to their scriptures, the"slaves of God" became easily their slaves, too.

A key element of the ritual became the pompousappeal to the heavenly King to donate "victories tothe reign .... and store through your cross by the

constitution." And the constitution for which theymade prayers, was the feudal and slavery one.The emperor who imposed Christianity as officialreligion, was declared saint, although he was, for thesake of power, the slain even of his son. They spreadthe rumor that he prevailed over his opponentsbecause he saw a vision of a cross with theinscription "In this you win." All historians agree thatthe struggle in which Constantine, the Saint andGreat, prevailed, was a ruthless power struggle, fullof violence, intrigue, distribution of offices, privilegesand territories. It is impossible that the God of Christians favored someone of such ruthless kind of

contenders of power. Simply, Christianity from anintellectual - philosophical operation, had become apolitical tool. Then the patriarchal priesthood wasrewarded and became the second strongest authorityafter the institution of kingship.This regime, in order to survive, chased anything thatundermined the spiritual and political authority over the subjected peoples. It chased whatever threatenedthe spiritual darkness in which it was based.

Anything it would open the eyes of the citizens. Itprevented the development of critical thinking andfree spirit, for they were mortal threat to theobscurantist and feudal authority. Within this frame, it

persecuted also Greek philosophy, of which theyappear today as hypocritical defenders and heirs. For the rest, conspicuously they denounce hypocrisy.This clerical-feudal alliance persecuted all social-religious and revolutionary movements. The mostimportant of these, the Paulicians in Asia Minor andthe Bogomiles in the Balkans, were chased from oneside by the state-militaristic mechanism withslaughtering and destroying their writings and their communities, and from the other side by the clergywith calumniation, slandering and excommunocation.They were condemned as heretical, and they wereindeed heretical. Struggling to eliminate fraud,

hypocrisy, rape, exploitation, oppression,obscurantism and the use of theofobia (fear of God)for authoritarian purposes.From the word heretic arose the word exheretiko (ingreek meaning: excellent), ie that which comes from(ex) heretic. In retrospect the ex-heretic prevailed onto be considered the best, out of the ordinary, special.They are the ideas, opinions and personalities of theex-heretics (excellents). Ie those who questioned theestablished views, that usually were imposed byconservatives to sustain ideologies and regimes thatallowed them to exploit their own people and to liverichly as parasites on them. These ex-heretics, by

challenging the views of incumbent regimes, ledhumanity to new discoveries, rational ideas andknowledge and contributed to liberalized democraticsocieties. So, usually they were persecuted byauthoritarian regimes and were excommunicated by

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the church as (ex) heretics.Macedonians, together with the Thracians, can beproud that in their homeland and from their ancestorsthe movement of Bogomiles (10th-14th centuries)was developed. They are descendants of ex-heretics(excellent) ancestors. Moreover, the very wordBogomiles (Vogomiloi in Greek) is macedonian and

derived from the word boga (God) and mili (dear).The Bogomiles argued, among other things, that fromGod does not arise any power to people over people,God has no representatives on earth and thereforethe bishops deceive the people. They rejected thehierarchy, the ceremonies and sacraments of theChurch and saw the worship of images as idolatry.They refused to enlist and participate in the wars of kings or pay taxes, because they did not recognizethe rights of feudal princes, kings and the Church onearth, and the like.Without the expensive sacerdotal vestments(amfia=sacerdotal vestments- "meta-amfi-esi" in

greek means "dressed with sacerdotal vestments"=indisguise, masquerade) the priesthood does notinspire theofovia and without the rituals and mysteriesdoes not submit the ignorant believer in physical andmetaphysical fears and dependencies, nor hypnotizes a part of his brain in order to make itinaccessible to critical thinking.Instead of the mystirous rituals of the priesthood, andapart from their theological beliefs, the Bogomilesmade popular celebrations and ceremonies honoringthe life giving forces of nature (fire, water, springs,seasonal change, fertility, sun, moon, etc.), as other indigenous peoples of Europe did. The fact that they

had rejected the priesthood and rituals of the imperialchurch, shows that those ceremonies were not ritesof sacramental character of the priesthood, but werepopular feasts in honor and in contact with naturalforces. These folk rituals (pagan), the clergypresented to the ignorant flock as idolater with Greekthought and lifestyle ("the Greek way"). It is nocoincidence that the adherents of Bogomiles in theWest who were called Cathari (Pure), are consideredforerunners of the European Enlightenment, theReformation, the Protest (Protestant).The patriarchal status quo, seeing the collapse of theRoman Empire and the risk of losing its secular

privileges, immediately allied with the new politicalpower that began to prevail in the region, theOttomans. It is also known it assisted to the fall of Constantinople, with its propaganda that the falling of the City is God's will. They preferred the subjugationto the Ottomans, instead of the union with theCatholics, which was entered as a condition for thedefence of Byzantium by them, from the Ottomanthreat.The pretext of doctrinal differences with Catholics, asthey claim, it would be reliable if they had sought theunion of the Orthodox churches. In such a case,Byzantium would have had allies all Orthodox and

especially the most powerful, the Russians. But thatwould have required elected Patriarch and HolySynod of all the Orthodox churches. Somethingsimilar to what happens in the Catholic church, wherethe Pope is elected by representatives of all

Catholics. Today he is a German, while the former was a Polish.This democratic process that would have lead to theunity of all Orthodox churches and would make thePatriarchate really Ecumenical, was not pursued bythe clergy, because it simply did not serve its narrowpolitical-economic interests. Thus, the cross with the

"herein the victory'' was defeated by the crescentmoon of Islam with the blessings of the priesthood,but the Patriarchate remained the second mostpowerful institution after the Sultan. Not only it did notlose the previous privileges, but increased them bygaining also political responsibilities. The patriarchsand bishops were appointed as politicalrepresentatives of the Roman (genus) Nation (RumMilliyet). This genus, ie, which has nothing to do withethnicity and integrates all those it can by itspropaganda activities, is a creation of the remnants of the Roman ruling class that allied with the power of the Ottomans to keep its privileges. It is a creation of

the Roman and Ottoman conquerors. Since then,patriarchs and bishops appear as ethnarchs or "lordsof the Nation". Since then, they adopted the dressand miter similar to the dress and the crown of medieval kings and emperors. There, the roots are of their involvement in the game of power in modernGreece politics.Having ensured from the Ottoman Empire authoritythe responsability of education of their Christiansubjects, they continued to block the culture of freecritical spirit, which would have allowed theemergence of the Enlightenment also on their territory, as it happened in the West. Any bright spirit

that appeared, was excommunicated as heretical,was slandered and isolated or forced to flee to theWest. In this way they prevented the cultivation of those elements of ancient Greek civilization, in theareas where they had developed, extending themedieval obscurantism until today.This intellectual stagnation has resulted directly alsoto a cultural, social, philosophical, scientific, politicaland economic stagnation to which they condemnedthe people they dominated. Their prevalence inGreece is directly related to the current economiccrisis, which is a product of intellectual and socialdecay in which they condemned it. They are primarily

responsible that the adjective graikylos, coming fromthe term Graikos, ended up to mean the delayed, theuncivilized. However, these miserable people, thegravediggers of the ancient Greek spirit, presentthemselves today as the rescuers of it. Of course,hypocritically and tumidily, they denounce hypocrisy.The Sultan gave them the Fanar district, where, apartfrom the patriarchate, the "lords of the Nation", knownas Phanariots. built their luxurious villas TheseChristian leaders were senior officials of the Ottomanstate, wholesalers and suppliers of the Ottoman courtand army or "tenants taxes". In other words, theypayed a rent to viziers and pashas and after they

pocketed multiple taxes from the people. Members of these families, except Interpreters (ministers,diplomats), heads of the fleet, etc., were appointed asrulers of the Danubian countries. So, many of themmade huge fortunes impoverishing their nationals.

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The removal of the patriarchal priesthood from theprinciples of Christianity and its incorporation into theoligarchic structures of domination led to theremoving of the majority of fans from it. With theabolition of the Roman power which imposedChristianity by force, a very large number of Christians joined Islam and other faiths. The

Christians who fled Asia Minor and Eastern Thraceafter the Balkan Wars, reached only 1.5 million, whiletens of millions were in Byzantium. This, together withthe fact that no people defended the Byzantineregime, even when the capital of Constantinople wasbesieged by the Ottomans, shows that the former subject peoples did not regarded it as something of their own. It paid his policy to treat its citizens asslaves. The relatively good image that the majority of Modern Greek has of Byzantium, is due to therelocation of the ruling class (Phanariots,homogeneous, clergy) in Greece, which became theruling class and imposed its propaganda.

The Balkan peoples, along with throwing off theOttoman yoke, they cast off the spiritual tutelage of patriarchal priesthood, by founding their ownautocephalous churches. They removed all theprivileges the church and monasteries had andnationalized most of the huge tracts of land(foundations), which were granted to them by theRoman and maintained by the Ottoman Empire.The clergy knew very well that the same would havehappened with the creation of a truly freeMacedonian state . Apart from its jurisdiction over Macedonia, it would lose possession of huge tracts of land, which would be allocated to serfs who cultivated

it, as well as many residential real estate and itssecular privileges. So, it resorted to undermine thestruggle for the liberation of Macedonia by theMacedonians themselves. It used the ecclesiasticalmachinery of propaganda as a political tool to blamethe Macedonian liberation movement, to corrode itfrom the inside, to divide it. However, the Ottomanpower on which for so many centuries it was basedon, was heading towards the inevitable collapse. Theclergy knew that it had become like a parasiticclimbing plant. Alone could not survive and standupright. It had to seek support in another politicalpower. Among the newly established Christian

Balkan states, the only one willing to offer suchsupport, with profit in mind, of course, was thekingdom of Greece. And Greece, which in its effort toexpand in 1897 to Macedonia suffered a debacle,needed the support of the patriarchal priesthood inthe role of Fifth Phalanx for its expansionist plans.

The course of the Kingdom of Greece

The ideals of liberty, democracy and justice werethose that roused the Greeks (1821), like other Balkan peoples, against Ottoman tyranny. Themajority of the insurgents were inspired by theprinciples of the Enlightenment, as expressed mainlyby the French Revolution (1789). Leading exponentof those progressive views in the Balkans was RigasVelestinlis (Vlach from the former slavophone

Velestino in Thessaly, 1757-1798). His enlighteningand organizational work, however, was violentlyinterrupted. The Patriarchate excommunicated himand eventually he was betrayed to the oligarchic

Austrian authorities by the Romios (Roman) dealer D.Economou and was handed over to Ottomans whostrangled him.

By the same progressive principles also theproclamations of the Filiki Eteria (Friendly Society),established in 1814, were inspired, to liberate theBalkan peoples. That organization has pioneered inthe revolution of 1821, which led to the creation of independent Greece. The state that was created,which is directly related to us, the Macedonians,however, had absolutely nothing to do with theprinciples of freedom and democracy.The prospect of creating an independent state insouthern Balkan peninsula, directly interested thegreat powers, which, of course, saw it as a mean toserve their interests. After the defeat of Napoleon, the

oligarchic powers of Europe had reorganized andimposed their authoritarian power in the major European countries. They could not, however, ignorethe fascination the principles of the Enlightenmentexerted on the European peoples. Thus, theyintegrated them in their political rhetoric, to be able toinfluence them.On the other hand, the kotzampasides (elders) andkleftarmatoloi (armed bandits groups), who were apart of the Ottoman authorities participating in theoppression of the people, saw in the prospect of establishing an independent state, the possibility tobecome bosses themselves and to inherit the

privileges of the until then rulers. To these, manyPhanariots were added who, after the 1821 uprisingin the Danubian countries, had lost the confidence of the Ottomans and started to experience problems.Moreover, many of them had taken care to join theFriendly Society already and had acquired substantialcontrol of it.Immediately after the first successes of the rebels,the battle to control the new state began. That conflictled to civil war (1823-1825), in which the greatpowers were not aloof, and helped the Ottomanforces to suppress the revolt. Of the 2,000,000pounds loan granted by England in 1825, only

521,624 pounds went to army organization andadministration. The rest was misapproprieted bymiddlemen and politicians to buy off military men andelders and to subdue the true liberation forces.In the spring of 1827 the revolution was virtuallystifled. The major powers (Britain, France, Russia)intervened, only then, as they saw their intereststhreatened. So, in July 1827, in absentia of the Sultanand the rebels, they decided to establish anindependent Greek state. The Sultan, however,refused to comply, as he had already managed toquell the revolt. Then, the patrons forces intervenedmilitarily. Their fleet destroyed the Ottoman fleet

(Battle of Navarino, October 1827), whilst in August1828 French army also landed in the area . Thus, theSultan, seeing that his opponents are not joking, hewas forced to withdraw its forces without a fight andto recognize the independence of Greece.

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Independence, however, from the Ottomans did notlead to an independent state, but to a dependent oneon the patron powers. These, not only appointed thesupreme ruler (the Bavarian King Otto) and the three-member Regency (Armansberg, Mauer, Eideck) butdid not appoint one single Greek. They framed thestate apparatus with foreign dignitaries, as well as the

military administration, excluding those who made theliberation struggle.To the population's reaction that followed, theyresponded with violence. Commander Kolokotroniswas imprisoned and condemned even to death, alongwith other revolutionaries. Among the prisoners wasalso our Dimitrios Karatasos, Macedonian, who,except his macedonian native language, spoke alsoGreek. They did not get any other choice, except tocomply and be reconciled with the new situation.

Allies to the foreigners throughout this process werethe Phanariots and the "homogenous" (those of samebirth-race). They arrived to do the same they did

during the Ottoman yoke: to govern and to makemoney by administrating, purchasing, looting thepublic wealth, the taxes and to exploit the weakpeople.First president of the National Assembly wasappointed the Phanariot Alexander Mavrocordatos(Italian from Genoese family of Chios). The firstGreek Constitution was drafted by the ItalianVincenzo Gallina together with, also of Italian origin,Phanariot Theodore Negri. Of Italian origin (Venetian)was also the first governor of Greece, IoannisKapodistrias (Capo D'Istria of the Vittori family).The three parties that were created primarily by those

"homogenous Greeks" were characterized as French,English and Russian, according by whom and whothey supported. The imposed regime was asauthoritarian as the Ottoman conquerors' one.It took new struggles and the revolution of September 3, 1843 for the king to grant a constitution. This didnot prevent him from interfering in the governance of the country. The indignation of the people led to arevolt that forced him to resign. But the British andFrench powers, appointed their own monarch again,the Danish George (1863).

As it appeared that the state was not viable, theBritish ceded the Ionian Islands to Greece (1864).

And thus enhance their influence in the protectorate.For the same reasons, they ceded to Greece alsoThessaly and Arta (1881), without any prior rebellionnor expansionary war by Greece. That granting, of course, had no character of liberation of theThessalians. It gave another chance to the"homogeneous" to buy for very cheap price theOttomans' estates and make themselves nothing lessbut as brutal exploiters of the peasants. Thirty yearslater, the indignation of the Thessalians led to riotsand the bloody events of March 1910 (Kileler), whichforced the regime to make some expropriation of estates and give the most barren lands to the

rebellious peasants. Thessaly was not liberated, butwas granted. The Thessalians, as previously theMoraites and Roumeliotes, were not liberated in thetrue sense of the word, but merely changed masters.The ideologists and real revolutionaries very timely

saw the bad course of things. The leading teachers of the Genous (Nation), Adamantios Korais (1748-1833), highlighted in time the dangers of choosing aforeign ruler, around whom, he predicted, alladventurist and anti-democratic elements will rally.He named as such the Phanariots as"tourkoprigkipes"( Turkish-princes) and the

Homogenous as "psoroarchontes" (scabies-rulers).When, informed of the authoritarian government of Kapodistrias, the brutal violation of the constitution,the imposition of censorship, etc., in the two bookletshe published, "What is in the interests of liberatedfrom Turks Greece to act, to avoid to be enslaved byTurkish kind of Christians", he denounced him as atyrant, an instrument of oligarchy and urged thepeople to armed revolt. The most importantideological exponent of that liberating revolution,thought that the "liberated from Turks Greece" wasenslaved "by Turkish kind of Christians "The situation deteriorated even further with the

selection of the Bavarian and later the Danish king. Appointment in the public services, publicprocurement, concession of land, loans, grants, etc.depended on how loyal to the regime was eachcitizen. Here is rooted the current "client" relationshipbetween citizens and political parties in power, whicheliminates democracy in practice . The depended onthat power voters are voting with criterion to keep thisstatus and not for the good of society. This rule is themain reason why monarchs, dictators andauthoritarian party leaders so easily imposed their power. Even today the leaders of major partiesbehave as sovereignes.

The parties created by the regime, had as basicphilosophy the conquest of the state to serve thepersonal interests of the party apparatus and theplunder of public funds. This philosophy has beenmaintained to date, which led to the recent economiccrisis. The ruling class created in this way, it showedtoday how patriotic it is. Rather than return the capitalit had in deposits abroad, it took out also those it hadinside the country. Investments made in previousyears in neighboring countries, they did not bringthem back to support our "homeland" in this difficulttime and to offer work to the Greeks. It showed onceagain, how it perceives patriotism and what kind of

patriotism was the one that led to the "liberation" of Greece and, later, of Macedonia. But by the conceptof homeland, it dopes its citizens to be able to usethem in its adventurist plans.With that kind of Greece we, the Macedonians, later,will have to deal, that has nothing whatsoever to dowith the principles of freedom and democracy. Eventhe elementary democracy we enjoy in the recentdecades, is due to the country's accession toEuropean organizations and institutions.The new regime in order to serve its plans, had toform a similar ideological consciousness in its ownnationals. As it is indicated in the word itself,

consciousness is all about knowledge (awareness).Thus, the multi-national alloy of Romioi (Romans), Arvanites (Albanian), Vlachs, hellenized Slavs, Arabs,Italians, Franks, Catalans, etc. began to bebombarded by the news about descent from the

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ancient Greeks. It had to replace the loose awarnessof the Romios, that made them vulnerable to theItalian states (Romans, Venetians, Genoese). For thesame reason the Eastern Orthodox.was set as theofficial religion. Moreover constitutionally wasdefined, instead of the origin or the mother tongue of the citizens, that: "Those indigenous inhabitants of

the territory of Greece who believe in Christ areGreek" (Article II). This forced the Muslims Albaniansto convert for retaining the right to remain in their ancestral homes. So, those Greeks, who wereremnants of the multinational East Roman Empire,began to be descendants of the ancient Greeks.This served well the interests of British and French intheir effort to reduce the strong influence of Russia inthe new state. It is no coincidence that the first Greek

Academy, the Ionian Academy (1824), was foundedby the British, who then occupied the Ionian Islands,in order to replace the Italian language which wasuntil then the official one, with the Greek one. To this

helped the European, romantic, philhellenic currentthat wanted the revival of ancient Greek culture andpeople, in the place where it had developed.On the substance, these by necessity andimagination Greeks had no biological and culturalcontinuity with the people of the ancient Greeks, whohad scattered, merged and assimilated with dozensof other nations under the Macedonian and RomanEmpires. It had disappeared as a separate people for over two millennia. Athens, which was the center of the ancient Greeks, in 1821 was a multinational townwith some eight thousand inhabitants, with the largestethnic group being Arvanites (Albanians).

The term Greek meant the Greek-speaking or thefollower of Greek religion and philosophy, the"participating in the Greek culture." It was the samewith the term Latino, which meant the Latin speaking.The modern inhabitants of Central and South

America, Spain, Romania, etc. are called Latinobecause of the culture and especially the language,not because they have some biological continuityfrom the ancient Latin or any origin from the countryof the ancient Latins, Lazio.To serve its expansionist plans the ruling class of Greece cultivated the awarness to its nationals thatthey are heirs, except of the ancient Greek

colonization, also of the Macedonian and EasternRoman Empire (Byzantium). So, it implanted in themthe awareness that the competitors of its expansionistplans, Turks, Russians, Bulgarians, Macedoniansseparatists, etc. Serbs are enemies, of the "no-brotherly" now Greek Nation.The main competitor to the British and French in theBalkans, the Russians, were the cause to cultivate inits own nationals also an intense co-antislavicconsciousness. The modern Greek was taught thatthe "Slavic peoples are inferior, without culture andglorious history. They are invaders in ByzantineBalkan territories of which only they (the Greeks) are

legal heirs." The teachers and priests do not say tothem that the Peloponnesians, who were thebackbone of the modern Greek state, are hellenizedSlavs, who called themselves by the Slavic nameMoraites, their homeland they called Moria and their

place had infinitely more Slav names than Greekones.

As about the greek-speaking people, at least therewas some sense to be called Greeks, ie somethingsimilar to the Latin speaking named as Latino. For non Greek-speaking, however, it revealed thegrotesque ideology of the Albanian-speaking Greek,

the Vlach (Latin)-speaking Greek, the Turkish-speaking, the Slav-speaking Greek, etc. Recently,arose also the Russian-speaking Rosopontioi,Georgians, Armenians, Azeris, Chechens, etc. with"Greek origin." While in other European countries allthose who went were economic migrants, in Greececame as "repatrieted". For the rest, they argue thatGreece is ethnically homogeneous, clean. "There areno national minorities ... even the W. Thrace Turksare Greeks, simply Muslims by religion."The idea of superiority and purity, along with the ideaof wronged Hellenism, which has "historical" rights towhere the ancient Greek colonization, the

Macedonian and the Byzantine Empire, as well as theKoine Greek language had spread, formed theideological basis for using this people for expansionist purposes. It was the Great Idea bywhich they satureted their nationals. It is perhaps themost extreme chauvinist national ideology worldwide.The idea of the Roman Empire homing was adoptedby the leader of the Italian fascist party, Mussolini,and therefore he was characterized as one of thebiggest fascists.The fact that the principle of superiority and puritywas the dominant ideology of the fascist regimes of Germany - Italy does not concern the modern

Greeks. These are fascist principles only when othersadopt them. When modern Greeks adopt them, theyare democratic. The conquerors and colonizers arebad, only when are the others, especially if we arethe victims. Our own conquerors and our conquestsare fair, heroic, pious and glorious. Our ownconquests are called liberations. It is a national rightand duty. Anyone who doubts that, is automatically atenderer and an anti-Greek.The only difference between modern Greeknationalism and the Nazi, is the size. Victims of theNazis were all European peoples, while of the Greeksonly the weak northward neighboring peoples.

The real motives of the Greek establishment wererevealed during the subsequent expansionist wars. If it cared about the liberation of even just the Greek-speaking people in Macedonia, it could try to rousethem against the invaders during the expansionistwar of 1897. It did not, though. After the Ilindenuprising, it could try to turn them against theseparatist organization E.M.E.O. (MacedonianInternal Revolutionary Organization). It did not, buteven if it tried, it would had achieved nothing. Itundermined the reconstruction of the liberationmovement of the Macedonians (1904-1908) bymilitary saturated with intollerance, by the Great Idea

and by mercenaries.If it considered Macedonia part of Greece, it wouldnot make a formal agreement with Serbia andBulgaria before the First Balkan War (1912), to shareit under "military occupation". Nobody makes an

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agreement with others to share what it is its own. Inaddition, in the royal decrees issued (31-10-1912) for the administration of the occupied areas, itcharacterizes it "conquered countries" and newcountries. In the Treaty of Alliance it made with Serbia(19-5-1913), the word liberation is completelyabsent,. The words that dominate are "possessions",

"land distribution", "occupation", "occupied territories","conquered countries." And it even determined itsclaims to the line "to the south of Kilkis ....will direct...a little bit eastward of the Gulf of Eleftheron ...". Thatis, it did not even claim Kilkis, Serres, Drama, Kavala,where there was solid Macedonian population andthe separatist movement of Yane Sandanski wasparticularly strong.It knew it could not claim and keep those areas.However, the position of disadvantage of Bulgaria,which had occupied those areas, after the Alliance of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro, Romania and theTurkey's offensive, had created prospects for Greece

to conquer more territories. It knew, however, that itcould not keep those lands in the future withouthaving discharged those indigenous populations, so ittook care to dilute them. Along with the attacks by thefive states to the Bulgarian army, it made attacksagainst civilians and local population.During its "heroic" march, the greek army bombed,except the few, due to its multi-front struggle,Bulgarian military forces, also the civilian populationof towns and villages in its path. It destroied Kilkis,found first on its path, and killed many villagers in thesurrounding villages, with the result to terrorize thosewho survived and make them leave their homes to

save themselves from the ferocity of the invaders.Such things neither the Nazis did. This terrified alsothe local population of other areas, resulting inthousands to flee their homes, hoping to return after the end of hostilities. It was the first phase of a massethnic cleansing.The political leadership of Greece knew very well thatthose crimes would lead to reprisals againstpatriarchal and Greek-speaking populations. But, asproved to be, it sought to use those people as settlersin areas in which it made ethnic cleansing.Thus, those displaced people should not complain for the behavior of those who uprooted them from their

homes, and let's see who actually is to blame. Oncethey settled in the areas and properties of the victimsof the Greek ethnic cleansing, it was natural for themto collect the hostile feelings and revenge of the realbeneficiary owners of those sites. Today, the settlerswho settled in those areas in Greece celebratewithout shame, perhaps out of ignorance of the realfacts, those atrocities as "liberation", together withthe chauvinist state apparatusThis tactic was not an isolated event, but became anongoing national philosophy. Six years later the samearmy, by the commands of the same chauvinisticleadership, did the same crimes against the Turkish

civilian population of Asia Minor. After the successfuloperation in Macedonia, it thought it could repeat italso there. Countless villages were bombed, burnedand looted, villagers and civilians killed or raped. So,countless were the caravans of terrified civilians who

fled to the interior of Asia Minor.The political leadership of Greece knew that it wouldprovoke retaliation by the Turks against the Greeks of

Asia Minor, but hoped to establish populations inthose areas it had evacuated by brutality. The facts,however, were completely different from those of Macedonia, where it had allies in the other Balkan

states and the support of Western allies. Moreover the Macedonian liberation movement was weakenedafter the suppression of the Ilinden uprising (1903) bythe Ottomans, the Anti-macedonian War (1904-1908)of hellenic paramilitary gangs and the underminingstruggle of the bishops. That is why, apart from the

Asia Minor Catastrophe, it did not suffer aMacedonian Catastrophe, as well.In Asia Minor it was alone, with opponent strongpeople. The Western Allies wanted Turkey as an ally,too, and so they avoided to support the Greekexpansionism. So, the hurt and angry Turks, in their counter-offensive, not only drove the Greek army, but,

in retaliation, expelled also the Christian population,which Greece had intended to use for its expansionplans.From all that tragedy, citizens learn only the atrocitiesof the Turks during the offensive and not what causedthem. The fact that Venizelos, who ordered thatcampaign, not only lost the elections in November 1920, but he even failed to be elected deputy,showed that the people were far from agreeing withthe expansion plans of the regime.That barbaric behavior of Greece to all its neighbors,lead to the painful modern general conclusion, that"Greece is surrounded by enemies." This leads many

to feel aggrieved, embittered and hostile to their neighbors "who hate, envy and conspire against theterritorial integrity of our country", because they hideor do not want to learn themselves, what suffered theneighbors from it. Normally, after the restoration of democracy, states apologize for the crimescommitted against other people. Greece did never doit. The Macedonians who remained in greek territory,apart from persecution, injustice, terrorism andoppression, were forced to undergo anunprecedented black propaganda. They had even toaccept it without objection, otherwise they would havebeen suspicious. They had to forget what they knew

about their history, their origin, their identity. Exceptbullying, also lies, misrepresentation and slander were routinely used. The main objective was theforgery of modern history.The struggles made by the national liberationorganization E.M.E.O. for independent Macedonia,are presented as struggles not aimed at the liberationof Macedonia, but its annexation by Bulgaria. At thishelps ignorance of the truth that the integrated in thePatriarchate Macedonians were characterized asGreeks, and those integrated in the Exarchate asBulgarians. The ones periodically integrated toCatholicism (Uniate-Unionists) are also characterized

by the Patriarchals as Bulgarians or schismatics.The Government of Greece knew the truth. It sent, inthe spring of 1904, four officers in WesternMacedonia in order to do fieldwork. Their reportstated clearly that the rebels made sure to implant "in

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the Greek (ie patriarchal) Macedonians amacedonian conscience, independent of any other race. [...] ... So, after they could, with art, develop inMacedonians the broad idea of independence ... ".For Captain Kota, who was patriarchal, they wrotethat "he fought bravely against the Turkish army,without descriminating Orthodox and schismatic,

seeing all in a Christian brotherhood and oneMacedonia."To the same conclusions reached also the Secretaryof the Embassy of Greece in Istanbul GeorgeTsormpatzoglou after an official mission to Centraland Western Macedonia: "Both the upper dream of the Macedonians and the relevant program of thetrue revolution of Macedonia have no politicalinfluence from the will and aspirations of theBulgarian hegemony." Also stated that: "Macedonianschieftains and perhaps also the chiefs, just on asingle term of their contract after the country, get, sofar, their great strength: by the term to aim only to

freedom of the Macedonians as Macedonians. [...] Iventure, however, to think that it is impossible that Iam mistaken on my following impression: that, as itis today, the revolution in Macedonia is not Bulgarianand just not a single harm to Hellenism has occuredto its present development but the maximum benefitcomes from it."In the report there is the answer to the lies about thesize and participation in the revolution of theMacedonians: "... in the country the revolution ismuch widely spread over than commonly isthought[...] all, without exception, the villages andestates are versed to the common idea in favor of

liberation and Greeks [Macedonians patriarchal]fanatics are important representatives of the rebelgangs in towns and villages and are not few thosewho are secretly armed followers of the gangs. [...]The Orthodox Greeks [ie patriarchal] as it wasconfirmed to me by the former bishop of Pelagonia,had collaborated with the rebels in brotherly unity for freedom [...] The only actors of the rebellion that theGreek Macedonian peasant fed and hid, were notBulgarians but as genuine Macedonians as himself."In Tsormpatzoglou report there is the answer of whatkind of "Greeks" the rebels hit: "The 300 or 350 untiltoday our [patriarchal Macedonians] victims by the

sword of the rebels were victims not of Bulgarian[Exarchists] greek-hate or of any Bulgarian idea, butsimply of revenge, purely bandits' victims, or rather of the feeling of these for self-mainenance because theywere denounced or slandered and repeatedlycomplained to partisan opponents as dangerouspursuers and fanatical snitchers of rebel hideout."Such informers had been executed by theMacedonians partisans, doing exactly what all therebels do. The same did the Resistance to thecollaborators of the occupiers during the Nazioccupation (1941-1945). Those who undermined therevolution for the liberation of Macedonia, now praise

these informers exactly in the same way they wouldhave praised the collaborators of the Nazi, if the Nazioccupation did not end. Besides, the officialrepresentatives of Greece in Macedonia haverecorded the help to the conquerors in their reports

and in the memoirs of the bishop of Kastoria, GermanKaravangelis.The Greek consul in Bitola, K.Kypraios, wr

the message of the local (native) to natives

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