the magnetic force awakens, a scientific research on mendocino engines, how they work, and how to...

8/19/2019 The Magnetic Force Awakens, a Scientific research on Mendocino engines, how they work, and how to build a si…

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THE

magnetic force

Awakens

\

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THE MAGNETiC FoRCE AWAKENS

(Mendocino generator

St!dent"Far!k A#ic

St!dent"$ino M!sic

Mentor" F%rat Me&dan

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3/21

'nternationa# Hig Scoo# of T!)#a * Energ&

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Ta+#e of contents

A+stract ,

-ackgro!nd researc

.

Engineering goa#

/

Materia#s 01

2roced!res

00

Form!#ae3 ta+#es and e4cienc&

05

Conc#!sion

06

Acknow#edgements

0,

-i+#iogra7&

08

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5/21

A+stract

Mendocino Generator in 9Te Magnetic Force Awakens:

Far!k A#ic3 $ino M!sic

'nternationa# Scoo# of T!)#a3 T!)#a3 -osnia and Her)ego;ina

'n o!r wor#d3 as is3 7ro;iding energ& for teir fami#& is a ard task

for tose c!t o< from te main e#ectricit& grid= Man& ma& #i;e too

far awa& from a strong water stream to arness te strengt of

r!sing water3 and so#ar 7ane#s are sti## !nde;e#o7ed to a 7oint

were te& are sti## +!#k&3 ea;&3 not >!ite e


6/21

inside te stator rater tan +eside it= Te engine itse#f is 7owered

+& a set of so#ar ce##s connected to co77er wire coi#s aro!nd te

saft3 creating a magnetic @e#d as a #e;er to t!rn te saft !sing te

static magnet +e#ow= We @rst came across te ;er& idea +& ;iewing

footage of te MagDe; trains and we @g!red" 9We##3 tere m!st +e

oter wa&s to a77#& a friction#ess s&stem: We #ooked and #ooked3

and te Mendocino conce7t came to mind= Te idea is to a77#& so#ar

7ane#s in te @e#d of con;erting mecanica# to e#ectric energ&=

So!nds +i))are3 ma&+e e;en cra)&3 +!t if we !st !se 7ane#s to

7ower tis s!7er #ow7ower generator3 te 7ossi+i#ities are end#ess=

'n conc#!sion3 we +e#ie;e o!r Mendocino generators co!#d 7!t so#ar

7ane#s to +etter !se3 and a##ow !s to !ti#i)e te f!## 7otentia# of

so#ar energ&3 regard#ess of te area +eing r!ra# or !r+an= 't is @na##&

time3 Te Magnetic Force Awakens=

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-ackgro!nd researc

!r 7roect is a ;ariation on te Mendocino motor3 a #ong forgotten

&+rid engine tat missed its @rst cance to sine3 +!t now3 wit a

#itt#e twist we are tr&ing to raise it from its gra;e= Te engine was

@rst introd!ces as a conce7t in te origina# science kit from -e## #a+s

wic de;e#o7ed one of te @rst so#ar ce##s= Since ten te engine

as +een +ro!gt +ack !7 m!#ti7#e times3 +!t te 7ro7osed idea

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was sot down e;er& time d!e to te #ow strengt o!t7!t tat is

re>!ired to 7ower a car or a reg!#ar mecanica# generator= Since te

ear#& /1s te engine is com7#ete#& forgotten and on#& fragments of

its origina# fame remained= We were !st +rowsing te net and

searcing for someting to do for tis &ears -SE2 #&m7iad and

ten we fo!nd tis near#& ancient #itt#e fe##a= 't works on te

7rinci7#e of !sing so#ar 7ower to t!rn its main saft3 e#iminating

most or a## friction +etween te saft ;ia need#es or magnetic

#e;itation= Te rea# mone& sot of te engine is tat e;en te

generator 7art of it can now +e made so it works wito!t friction3

and if te saft is stored in a ;ac!!m t!+e it wo!#d increase te

e4cienc& of te engine +& !7 to 51= Te magnets reg!#ar#& !sed

for te generator and te engine itse#f are neod&mi!m N,I grade

magnets= $!e to N,I grade +eing ;er& ard to o+tain3 considering

teir 7rice3 we !st managed to get grade N,1 neod&mi!m magnets=

A #arge and a sma## sca#e engine a;e 7ro7ortiona# energ& o!t7!t3

res7ecti;e#& according to te si)e of te so#ar ce##s7ane#s on te

saft itse#f= Te on#& 7ro+#em tat occ!rs wen +!i#ding a #arge

sca#e Mendocino is te !man inaccessi+i#it& to #arge amo!nts of

JJD magnets3 and a;ing to s&nteti)e tem man!a##&= Te

Mendocino needed a +it of im7ro;ement as a andica7 start3 and

tats !st wat were gi;ing it= As te &ears 7ass we 7redict it ma&

7#ace itse#f on te g#o+a# market=

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Engineering goa#

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10/21

Tro!g o!r researc into magnetic #e;itation and Mendocino

conce7ts and +#!e7rints we a;e conc#!ded tat te @na# o!t7!t

generated is s!+stantia##& #arger tan te o!t7!t generated +& te

same area of so#ar 7ane#s on teir own3 d!e to mecanic energ&

con;ersion into e#ectrica# a;ing more e4cienc& tan so#ar energ&

to e#ectrica#= !r goa# is to 7resent te 7re;io!s#& said statement

and f!##& s!77ort it wit data and onand e;idence= We are !sing

m!#ticr&sta##ine so#ar ce##s wit 0/=, 1=6 e4cienc& and we are

e?7ecting an o!t7!t at #east a 011 #arger tan te o!t7!t from te

so#ar 7ane# itse#f= ne more task is to create a motor ca7a+#e of

s7inning free#&3 regard#ess of te rest of te saft3 simi#ar to te

#e;itation e


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Te engine wo!#d work +est in a ;ac!!m t!+e3 on a saft as #igt as

7ossi+#e3 consisting of minim!m tickness 7#astic3 rigid eno!g to

witstand te centrif!ga# force wic ma& +e generated in direct

s!n#igt= Te ;ac!!m t!+e a##ows te engine to f!rter e?7#ore its

#imits wit te factor of air resistance and re#ati;e 7osition of te

engine a!a#it& of te o!t7!t= Te origina# design co!#d

on#& work ori)onta##& or ;ertica##&3 de7ending on ow it was made3

+!t e;en tat comes wit some ad;antages= 'n te origina# mode#

(wic we made and tweaked a +it te engine saft can easi#& +e

remo;ed for re7airs and !st as easi#& ret!rned into its origina#

7osition3 m!c #ike &o! wo!#d re7#ace or carge a +atter& in a

+atter& o7erated de;ice= Tis a##ows for additiona# re7airs3 !7grades

and 7ane# re7#acement in a ;er& con;enient wa& were te saft is

te on#& mo;ing 7art and +asica##& te on#& 7art wic wo!#d need

re7airs3 aside from magnets wic can #i;e for a ;er& #ong and

e?tensi;e 7eriod of time= Te ;ac!!m ;ersion of te engine e?erts

far greater energ& o!t7!t e4cienc& and dons a s#igt#& +etter and

!ser friend#& 9coo#: #ook it re>!ires te entire engine to +e torn

a7art to get to its so#ar core3 forcing a reset of te ;ac!!m inside

te t!+e and re>!iring more time for re7airs= A t&7ica# so#ar s&stem

wit an in;erter and a +atter& is recommended d!e to so#ar energ&

on#& +eing a;ai#a+#e d!ring da&time3 so tat 'nd!ction Mendocino

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12/21

generator !sers wo!#d a;e access to e#ectricit& d!ring nigt time

as we##=

ter ideas a#so came to mind3 s!c as !ti#i)ing te Mendocino

conce7t in a wo#e new wa&3 e#iminating te so#ar 7ower so!rce and

going for wind or geoterma# 7ower so!rces3 +!t neiter of tose

are a;ai#a+#e for sma## sca#e !se as te so#ar 7ane# ;ersions are3 so

te initia# ideas of &+ridi)ation were trown awa&= We are not

sa&ing te& cannot +e im7#emented or man!fact!red3 far from it3 we

!st do not a;e te engineering ca7a+i#ities needed to s&ntetise

a magnet #arge eno!g to o#d a #arge wind t!r+ine in a state of

#e;itation=

A Mendocino as man& traits3 and it is on#& waiting in am+!s to

strike te mind of te ne?t engineering de;e#o7er read& to 7ick it !7

from te J@#es of engineering= A c&+er7!nk f!t!re awaits3 Te

Magnetic force as awakened=

Materia#s

Te materia#s we !sed for te man!fact!ring of o!r Mendocino

generator are"

61 I=,?1=5cm disk sa7ed grade N,1 magnets

I1 0=,?1=,cm ring sa7ed grade N,1 magnets

6 0,?0,cm m!#ticr&sta##ine so#ar ce##s

0mL of ind!stria# card+oard

,1m 1=I,mm co77er wire

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2#astica#!min!m rod

'nd!stria# 7ress seet of tin

Hot 7#astic g#!e e7o?& resin g#!e

'ns!#ated wire

Wooden +oard

-#acksi#;er s7ra& 7aint

Te too#s !sed are"

Hot g#!e g!n

So#dering iron

Circ!#ar saw

Ang#e grinder

2roced!res

0= Te @rst ting we did was determining te si)e of o!r saft

and creating te +asic sa7e from inter#ocking 7ieces of

ind!stria# card+oard= Te& are g#!ed togeter wit ot g#!e to

7re;ent tem from fa##ing a7art=I= $!e to o!r saft +eing fo!r sided we c!t o!t+roke 6 e>!a#

si)ed 7ieces of o!r m!#ticr&sta##ine so#ar ce##s to @t straigt

onto te card+oard saft= After a77#&ing a tin #a&er of g#!e to

attac tem to te saft3 we wo!nd co77er wire aro!nd te

edges of it so te so#ar 7ane#s can 7rod!ce a magnetic @e#d to

t!rn te motor=

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14/21

5= Te ends of te wire are ten so#dered to te

so#ar ce##s to ens!re tere arent an& sort

f!ses= n te remaining 7art of te saft we

g#!ed te disk sa7ed magnets wic wi## +e

!sed as te rotor for te generator #ater on=6= Te +ase of te engine is sim7#e3 consisting

on#& of 6 ring magnets to kee7 te saft in air3

and a stationar& magnet to kee7 te motor

r!nning3 7ro;iding it wit a constant magnetic

@e#d=,= We caref!##& 7ositioned te magnets so tat te& are 7erfect#&

a#igned wit te magnets on te saft3 a##owing for com7#ete

+a#ance of te entire engine rotor= Te magnets are g#!ed in

7#ace and te +ase is s7ra& 7ainted=8= Te saft is a 7#astica#!min!m rod tat we 7!sed tro!g

o!r rotor a##owing it to a;e an a?is to t!rn aro!nd= Te rod is

1=, cm in tickness and it @ts rigt tro!g o!r ring sa7ed

magnets=.= We started o< from 0 on eac end +!t @nised wit a tota# of

8 on te entire saft d!e to acie;ing a more +a#anced rotor/= Te main 7art is te ind!ction generator= From te tin seet we

+o!gt at o!r #oca# 7ress3 we fasioned a ring #ike str!ct!re to

o#d o!r second set of coi#s set !7 on te inside of te ring=

After winding eac coi# we co;ered it in c#ear #ac>!er to

7re;ent an& sort f!ses=

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15/21

= After /01 coi#s +eing connected togeter we mo!nted tem to

o!r ring sa7ed stator and g#!ed tem !sing ot g#!e= Te

wires were ten connected to ins!#ated wire so we can sow

te amo!nt of e#ectricit& 7rod!ced wit a ;o#tmeter=01= Te stator is screwed onto te +ase and decorated wit

si#;er s7ra& 7aint to gi;e it a more itec #ook= !r rotor is

caref!##& ten 7#aced into te magnetic @e#d and it #e;itates

wito!t a 7ro+#em=

Some iss!es are sti## at and3 s!c as +a#ancing te rotor a +it d!e

to one side swa&ing3 most 7ro+a+#& ca!sed +& te weigt of te

magnets for te generator and te o;era## 7ro+#em of 7resentation

d!e to te a+sence of direct s!n#igt in te conference a## were

te com7etition is +eing e#d3 +ot of wic can +e so#;ed easi#&

wit some creati;e tinking=

We o7e to manage to !7grade o!r engine e;en f!rter and 7!t it

to +etter !se tere were it is needed=

Form!#ae3 ta+#es and e4cienc&

Te e4cienc& of a so#ar ce## is determined as te fraction of incident7ower wic is con;erted to e#ectricit& and is de@ned as"

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Pmax=V

OC I SC FF

n≡

V OC I SC FF

P¿

were oc is te o7encirc!it ;o#tageO

were 'sc is te sortcirc!it c!rrentO and

were FF is te @## factor

were η is te e4cienc&=

TP2E F

ENERGP

CNERS'

N

EFF'C'ENCP

(

DTAGE ( WATTAGE

(kW

GENERATR

TP2E

SDAR QI.=, 1=, 0=., 7er mL So#ar ce##MT'N Q8 Ranges

de7ending

of wire

#engt and

tickness

$irect#&

7ro7ortiona#

to r7m

amo!nt

'nd!ction

generator

Tis generator a+!ses te idea tat motion con;erts to e#ectricit&

+etter tan so#ar 7ower3 considering te reso!rces we a;e toda&=

Te mo;ement and rotation generated +& te so#ar ce##s gi;es !s an

e4cienc& +oost of a#most a 0113 indirect#& !sing te so#ar ce##s to

teir f!## 7otentia#=

Acknow#edgements

We wo!#d #ike to tank o!r 7arents wo f!##& s!77orted !s and

e#7ed !s f!nd tis 7roect tro!g and tro!g3 o!r teacer and

mentor for e#7ing !s !nderstand o!r 7roect and te necessit& of

teamwork as a factor of s!ccess3 te kind Cinese 7eo7#e at e-a&

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17/21

wo were nice eno!g to +e time#& wit te si77ing of o!r items3

and @na##& we wo!#d #ike to tank one anoter for !st working on

tis 7roect togeter3 ne;er fa!#tering3 and strengtening o!r

friendsi7 e;er& ste7 of te wa&=

Conc#!sion

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18/21

!r @na# word a+o!t o!r 7roect is tat we o7e &o! #iked o!r

7resentation and tat we managed to 7i>!e &o!r interest= 't is tr!#&

a mar;e# wat te odd nat!ra# e#ements we ca## magnets can do= A

res!#ting force a#wa&s amo!nting to )ero &et +eing a+#e to 7ower

s!c !ge str!ct!res is a mirac#e of nat!res engineering= Te

Mendocino !st managed to don tose nat!ra# strengts of te

magnets and !ti#i)e tem to teir f!## 7otentia#= For te 7ast co!7#e

of &ears we a;e tried to +ring +ack tese dead3 a#most ancient

engines +ack from te dead on s!c #&m7iads and it made !s ;er&

a77& tat 7eo7#e are act!a##& interested in a com+ination of o#d

and new= Te Mendocino itse#f isnt m!c of a tri## c!rrent#& and

tere so!#d +e in;ested a #ot of mone& into researc and materia#

7rod!ction for it to act!a##& reac some commercia# !se3 +!t ten

again wic engine didnt a;e to go tro!g a## of tat +efore it

got its fame= M!c #ike te Stir#ing steam engine3 te Mendocino

!st needs a #itt#e 7!s3 and te 7ossi+i#ities are end#ess= 'f we

!ti#i)ed magnets to teir f!## 7otentia# we co!#d a;e made a !ge

#ea7 in s7ace tra;e#3 #et a#one sim7#e energ& generators= Te wor#d

needs an awakening3 te oi# com7anies are +!rning te com7etition

down to te gro!nd3 m!c #ike teir reso!rces are s#ow#& +!rning

o!t3 and te f!t!re wi## re#& on so#ar energ& to feed o!r dai#&

e#ectricit& needs3 so w& !st wait for te #ast moment3 w& not

e?7#ore someting new and make a &+rid stronger tan an& tat

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19/21

came +efore= Gi;ing someting a second cance ma& act!a##& e#7

!s !nderstand tat a## of !s make mistakes3 and mis!dge and trow

awa& 7erfect#& good ideas !st +eca!se te& are aead of teir time=

A not so #ong time ago3 in o!r ga#a?& @##ed wit so#ar radiation read&

to +!rst3 te Magnetic Force Awakened=

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20/21

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tt7s"en=wiki7edia=orgwikiMendocinomotor tt7"www=+eatriceco=com+ti7ortic!s+e##+e###a+skitsse=t

m# tt7"make)ine=com7roectsmake50mendocinomotorI tt7"on#ine#i+rar&=wi#e&=comdoi01=011I7i7=I,.57df tt7s"www=&o!t!+e=comwatc;Nc?Ie7WU)w

tt7"www=cess7#a&ingro+ot=comid6=tm#

tt7s"www=kmagnetics=com+#og=as77mendocinomotorI

tt7s"en=wiki7edia=orgwiki'nd!ctiongenerator

tt7"www=instr!cta+#es=comidMagneticWire

tt7"akce=fs=;s+=c)I10IstocI10Iso!te)ni7raceno;ak=7df

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the magnetic force awakens, a scientific research on mendocino engines, how they work, and how to...

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