the kingdom of mysore - history – mocomi.com

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The Wodeyar Dynasty, one of the most prominent dynasties of the south, ruled the Kingdom of Mysore. Hyder Ali and his son, Tipu Sultan make their mark in this region.

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Hyder Ali was born at Budikote around the year 1720. He started off his career as a soldier. He was a petty office in the army and was assistant to the Nizam, who was the Mughal deputy in South India. When the Nizam was assassinated, a a lot of confusion followed and in the midst of all the chaos, Hyder Ali's services attracted the attention

of Nanjaraja, the minister of the Raja of Mysore. Hyder Ali received an independent command and over the next 12 years, the minister and the King depended on him and were under his control.

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Hyder Ali rose in ranks until he replaced the King. He ex-tended his Empire right up to the lands in the north, beyond the Tungabhadra river. He spent much of him time in building up a strong army to deal with the Maratha’s in the northwest and the British on the East and West coast.

The Maratha’s waged four damaging wars against Hyder Ali, but after the death of their leader Peshwa Madhavrao I in 1772, Ali pressed his advantage and extended his terri-tory up to the Krishna river.

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Hyder Ali sought the friendship of the British so that they could together defeat the Maratha’s. The British however had other ideas and wanted to undermine his powers and use him. This led to the First Anglo-Mysore War in 1767. Hyder Ali’s campaign against the British proved successful, and he got the British to sign a mutual defense treaty with him. The British went back on their word when they were attacked by the Maratha’s.


In 1780, Hyder Ali waged his second battle against the British. He was defending his kingdom as best as he could, but then suddenly died of cancer. He was succeeded by his son Tipu Sultan whom he had educated and trained well. Tipu was fluent in a number of languages and was good student of mathematics and

science. He had a great appetite for learning. He was also an avid reader and his library was filled with over 2000 books in different languages.

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Tipu was given exposure to both military and political af-fairs at a very young age. By the time he was 15, he father took him along on all his military campaigns. Infact, it was Tipu who headed the First Anglo-Mysore Water, defeating Colonel Braithwaite on the banks of the Coleroon.

In 1772, Tipu was sent to the the North of Mysore to re-cover territories seized by the Maratha’s. He gained valu-able experience in both warfare and diplomacy there.

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During the Second Anglo-Mysore War in 1780, Tipu inter-cepted the British troops under Colonel Baillie as they moved South. He stopped them before they could join Sir Hector Munro in Kanchipuram.

Colonel Baillie was no match for Tipu and his army. Even when Munro sent reinforcements, they were no match for Tipu's troops. The British suffered a humiliating defeat. Munro managed to flee while Colonel Baillie was arrested and put in prison.

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