the king tree - a tibetan mnemonic grammar poem

7/24/2019 The King Tree - A Tibetan Mnemonic Grammar Poem

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1 Tibetan Mnemonic Grammar Poem tibetanphrasebook.com

Salutations to the pleasant-voiced Manjushri

The supreme teacher, no different [than mine

Soft-voiced, to !hom " have saluted respectfull#

$f Thon-mi%s Treatise Having Thirty (Verses)

!"The essence of !hich is to be e&plained in brief#

To make the vo!el%s function clear

$%&'(The a'ents( )i* u* e* o*+ are four


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Tibetan Mnemonic Grammar Poem tibetanphrasebook.com

)There are thirt# consonants( ka, etc...

ga* nga* da* na* ba* ma* 'a...

*+,ra* la* sa( these are the ten suffi&es-,.

da and sa, are the t!o post-suffi&es

[fter na, raand la[#ou 'et( da[fter ga, nga, baand ma [#ou 'et( sa

/,ga* da* ba* ma* 'aare the prefi&es


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go* ngo* do* no;bo* mo* 'o...01"0

ro* lo* so* toare the full-stop [markers

234"5#lso kno!n as rdzogs tsig/completin' !ord0 and zla sdud/concludin' helper060

The post-suffi& [da takes toand vo!el-endin' s#llables take 'o

(*+78The other post-suffi&es are similarl# combined9

su* ru* ra* du* na* la* tu

*90are the seven alternatives for the declensional marker la


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*-(9The second, fourth and seventh declensional case-:;*,

use laand its alternatives !ith [e&pressions of sameness and time

6use the la-alternativesu!hen endin' !ith sa, and the la-alternativetu!hen endin' !ith ga, baand the post-suffi& da9

nga* da* na* ma* ra* la [use the la-alternativedu

'a, vo!el-endin's and ra[use the la-alternativeru

#


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*5=Those /aforementioned0 havin' a sasuffi& [i.e. gis* kyis* gyis* yis* 'is*A."s the third declensional case* the instrumental

B


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3hen endin' !ith nga* na* ma* raand la[use yang

[3hen endin' !ith 'aand vo!el-endin's [use 'angand yang

0.D50te* de* steare the three continuative particles60

3hen endin' !ith na* ra* la* saand the continuative particle da[use te

da* de* ga* nga* ba* ma* 'a*.vo!el-endin's [after the aforementioned, uses ste

gam* ngam* dam* nam* bam* mam* 'am


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"ram* lam* sam* dam* divide and includeB1";B

Method of use( the same as !hen the slar bsdu /full-stop markers0 are used

*ra* ru* 'i* yi* 'angand yangE;;F

re used to complete the meter in an incomplete verse

G


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IJ7"n practice, !hen usin' the ablative declensional case, either is appropriate77

To separate similar t#pes use nas, and to separate dissimilar t#pes use las

"AK,7or inclusion, use onl# the !ord nas#LA.

kyeand kva yeare vocative particles

M8usuall# used before the name*A

The niparticle separates and8or emphasi9es

"NO[:se the dang[particle to s#nthesi9e, separate, [denote causation...


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; Tibetan Mnemonic Grammar Poem tibetanphrasebook.com

:;=,[denote time, command8advise* can be used in [these five !a#sA

The departicle is used before a noun

!and immediatel# preceedin' a noun or phrase*P(5-,

havin' numbers of the same kind, use in t!o !a#s

5QA.ci,jiand suare 'eneral particles /particles not referrin' to specific thin's0(.16R5

ci zhig /!hat


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1= Tibetan Mnemonic Grammar Poem tibetanphrasebook.com

UVsu [indicates the person* gang[ma# be used !ith ever#thin'

pa, baand macome !ith and !ithout the vo!el naro...

A.0and indicate possession, affiliation, occupation or nature* ga, ta, na...6ba, ma, saand the post-suffi& da[use pa

nga, 'a, ra, laand vo!el-endin's

AW["f after addin' the nominative particles /pa, po, ba, bo, ma, mo0

and [the s#llable count becomes odd, [use ba...

-for even [s#llable counts it is best to onl# use pa


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M6[>evertheless at the end of a noun paor bais usuall# the same;8:se ma!hen uncertain [!hether to use pa or ba

A.ma, mi, minandmedare ne'ative particles,[use maand mibefore [the ne'ated !ord

minand medafter [the ne'ated !ord


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(((((zhing /thus* participle marker0* zhes /thus* indicates direct quotation0*zhe'o /thus* indicates indirect quotation0* zhe na /if thus* conditional indirect quotation0*zhig /one* indicates imperative mood0

6fter ga, da, baand post-suffi& da

55555cing /thus* participle marker0* ces /thus* indicates direct quotation0*

ce'o /thus* indicates indirect quotation0* ce na /if* conditional indirect quotation0*cig /one* indicates imperative mood0

(0after sa, e&cept for zhes, used for clarit#...

use shing /conncectiveparticiple marker0* shig /one* indicates imperative mood0

and she na /thus if* conditional indirect quotation0*

#K5D5ho!ever, [use kha cig, lhan cig, etc...


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5!hen part of a noun* be careful not to commit an error?YZ

a simple consonant !ith a prefi& nees the suffi& 'a

Y[5\[!hen appl#in' the aforementioned rule avoid those [prefi&ed simple consonantshavin' the vo!elsi, u, e, o, or super or sub-scripts]O

lon' prose, a series or a list...

@^2to divide a moderatel# lon' passa'e and to complete a short passa'e...

_5poetr# and after a ga, use one slash

2_5]prose endin' in a completing word/inal-stop particle0...


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_5E-after a line of verse, use t!o slashesO2

[!hen concludin' a lar'e !ork...

GO([or follo!in' a chapter, use four slashes0e&cept for the letter nga, bet!een the letter and slash...

H([place no tseg/dot0* in this minutae, strive for precision?

3A the leaves of !ords do not obscure...


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a[that is this treatise, The King Tree5bc+\

!ritten b# Saravati-siddha-vajra /dbyangs can grub pa!i rdo r"es0

the king tree - a tibetan mnemonic grammar poem

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