the kinematics of motion in one dimension problem-solving strategies

Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley.

• The kinematics of motion in one dimension

• Problem-solving strategies

• Motion Diagrams and Pictorial Diagrams

Chapter 2Motion in One Dimension

Topics:

Sample question:

Horses can run much much faster than humans, but if the length of the course is right, a human can beat a horse in a race. When, and why, can a man outrun a horse?

Slide 2-1

Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Slide 2-34

Velocity and Acceleration Motion Graph Demos

For more practice with motion graphs and motion diagrams, use the Applet Tutorial Problems (Active Physics) in the Study Area in Mastering Physics.

The following problems are recommended:

•1.1

•1.2

•1.3

•1.4


Pictorial Diagrams

Slide 2-12


Pictorial Diagram Example 1


Pictorial Diagram Example 2


A. at t = 2 s.B. at t = 1 s and at t = 3 s.C. at t = 1 s, 2 s, and 3 s.D. P and Q never pass one another.

Slide 2-34

Ships P and Q move with the position graphs shown. Both ships are at the origin at t = 0s. When does one pass the other?

Two Ships Passing in the Night


A.B. at t = 1 s and at t = 3 s.C.D.

Slide 2-34

Ships P and Q move with the position graphs shown. Both ships are at the origin at t = 0s. When does one pass the other?



A. P and Q have the same velocity at 2 s.B. P and Q have the same velocity at 1 s and 3 s.C. P and Q have the same velocity at 1 s, 2 s, and 3 s.D. P and Q never have the same velocity.

Slide 2-34

Ships P and Q move with the position graphs shown. Both ships are at the origin at t = 0s. Do P and Q ever have the same velocity? If so, at what time or times?



A. P and Q have the same velocity at 2 s.

Slide 2-35

Ships P and Q move with the position graphs shown. Both ships are at the origin at t = 0s. Do P and Q ever have the same velocity? If so, at what time or times?

Answer


Checking Understanding

Slide 2-15

A graph of position versus time for a basketball player moving down the court appears like so:

Which of the following velocity graphs matches the above position graph?

A. B. C. D.


A graph of position versus time for a basketball player moving down the court appears like so:

Which of the following velocity graphs matches the above position graph?

C.

Answer


Where’s the train?

A train is moving at a steady 30 m/s. At t = 0, the engine passes a signal light at x = 0. Without using any formulas, find the engine's position at t = 1s, 2s, and 3s.

Express your reasoning in words.


Velocity to Position: Example 1

Find the position at times t = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seconds.Assume x (t = 0 sec) = 0 m.

What is the displacement of the object between t = 1s and t = 3 s?


Velocity to Position: Example 2Describe in words the motion of the object whose velocity graph is given below. What is happening at t = 2 s?Draw a motion diagram of the objects motion.


An arrow is launched vertically upward. It moves straight up to a maximum height, then falls to the ground. The trajectory of the arrow is noted. Which graph best represents the vertical velocity of the arrow as a function of time? Ignore air resistance; the only force acting is gravity.

Slide 2-28

Checking Understanding


An arrow is launched vertically upward. It moves straight up to a maximum height, then falls to the ground. The trajectory of the arrow is noted. Which graph best represents the vertical velocity of the arrow as a function of time? Ignore air resistance; the only force acting is gravity.

Slide 2-29

Answer


Start your engine (velocity and acceleration)

On the on ramp to Interstate 25 a car accelerates at 7 m/s2 from rest.

What is the car's velocity at 1 second after it starts from rest?

2 seconds?

3 seconds?

4 seconds?

the kinematics of motion in one dimension problem-solving strategies

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