the key to success - part 7 - parks, refineries and mobile networks

7/30/2019 The Key to Success - Part 7 - Parks, Refineries and Mobile Networks

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This part of the book will let you know

about the Oil Refineries, National Parks

and Sanctuaries and Mobile Service

Providers in India

KEY TO

SUCCESS

PART 7

NATIONAL PARKS,

REFINERIES AND

MOBILE COMPANIES

Vipin K. Bansal


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Table of Contents

Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................................. 2

Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 3

National Parks and Sanctuaries .............................................................................................................. 4

Tiger Reserves in India ............................................................................................................................ 1

Oil Refineries ........................................................................................................................................... 1

Kind of Products .................................................................................................................................. 1

Gasoline .......................................................................................................................................... 1

Bitumen or Asphalt ......................................................................................................................... 1

Ethane ............................................................................................................................................. 1

Diesel ............................................................................................................................................... 1

Kerosene ......................................................................................................................................... 1

Jet Fuel ............................................................................................................................................ 1

LPG .................................................................................................................................................. 1

Lubricants ........................................................................................................................................ 1

Naphtha .......................................................................................................................................... 1

Paraffin Waxes ................................................................................................................................ 1

Petroleum Coke............................................................................................................................... 1

White Spirit ..................................................................................................................................... 1

Other Oil Products .......................................................................................................................... 1

Major Refineries ...................................................................................................................................... 1

Refineries in India ............................................................................................................................... 0

Plastic and its usage ................................................................................................................................ 1

Mobile Phones ........................................................................................................................................ 1

Mobile Services Providers in India ...................................................................................................... 1

Questions based on the above ............................................................................................................... 2

Scoring System ........................................................................................................................................ 1

Answers ................................................................................................................................................... 1

Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................ 2

Thank You!.......................................................................................................................................... 2
http://e/PARKS,%20REFINARY%20&%20MOBILES.docx%23_Toc341605398http://e/PARKS,%20REFINARY%20&%20MOBILES.docx%23_Toc341605398http://e/PARKS,%20REFINARY%20&%20MOBILES.docx%23_Toc341605398


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Acknowledgement

When a book like this comes into

existence, it was very hard to name

and thank all the people that helped

me shape this book. It took me more

than six years to consolidate and

format all the content in a manner

that may benefit the readers.

However, I always thank my wife and

my two sons for continued help and

to design this book. I also express mysincere gratitude to my father who is

my best teacher also for his

continued encouragement and

invaluable support.


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Preface

I started writing this book on various subjects so

that it can offer the basic guidance to the people

preparing for any type of competition in their life

whether it is on educational field or any game like

Kaun Banega Crorepati.

Everyone can get benefitted with this set of

books. The Key to Success has been written forthe people trying to prepare for such type of

games. The scope of this book is not to deep dive

on any subject rather swim across various layers

which is what one need to qualify for winning

large sum on Hot Seat.

I hope everyone will be benefitted with this book.

This book cannot be used to gain exhaustiveknowledge on any given subject but it provides

enough information that you can easily remember

and be better prepared for the game.

At the end of the book, a multi-choice

questionnaire is given that has only one correct

answer. Try to attempt those questions on your

own and then check the correct answers from the

Answer sheet.

Thank You !!!


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National Parks and Sanctuaries

Our earth is full of natural beauty inform of Plants, Birds and Animals. They

are spread all over the world. Since we

are responsible for care and safety of

these natural gifts, some steps have

been taken in which one step is to make

National Parks and Sanctuaries.

These are actually a large piece of land

which is a unique atmosphere for the

animals. The government has decided

to reserve the area to save from

urbanization. People of different

countries like to visit these parks to

enjoy the beauty of nature.

Today more than 6000 National Parksare set up all over the world. In India, as

on today there are more than 100

National Parks and approximately 500

Sanctuaries are located in different

parts of the country and are protected

areas.

The first park was established in 1936

as Hailey National Park which is now

known as Jim Corbett National Park.

Few of major National Parks are listed

below.

State of India Name of Park Area (sq.kms.)

Rajasthan

Ranthambore 400

Keola Dev 30

Sariska 875

Madhya PradeshKanha 950

Bandhavgarh 450

Uttar Pradesh Dudhwa 500

UttrakhandCorbett 1350

Rajaji Park 800

Chhatisgarh Indrawati 1250

Andhra Pradesh Sri Venkateshwar 350

Asom Kaziranga 500

Bihar Valmiki 350

Gujarat Gir Park 250

Haryana Kalesar 100

Karnataka

Bannerghatta 100

Bandipur 875

Nagarhole 650

Kerala Periyar 350

Sikkim Kanchenjanga 1800

Paschim Banga Sunderban 1350

Jharkhand Betla 230

Andaman & Nicobar Campbell 425


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Himachal Pradesh Great Himalayan 750

Jammu & Kashmir Hemis 4000

Tiger Reserves in India

Tiger Reserves in India, administered by

National Tiger Conservation Authority

which is a government body have 42

Tiger Reserves in India. An area of

about 50000 sq.kms. is reserved for

them.

The largest Reserve is Nagarjun Sagar

Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh havingtotal area of about 3500 sq.kms. Other

major Tiger reserves are Sunderban in

West Bengal, Kanha in Madhya

Pradesh, Dudhwa in Uttar Pradesh,

Corbett in Uttrakhand and

Ranthambore in Rajasthan.

As per report submitted by the

Conservation Authority, there were

1411 Tigers in the year 2008 which hasincreased to 1706 in 2010.

Oil Refineries

An oil refinery is an Industrial Plant

where crude oil is processed and refined

into more useful products. These

products are useful materials for the

growth of country. According to its

demand and composition, it can

produce different types of petroleum

products. Major consumption of its

products are used as Energy carriers.

Other than energy products, refinery

also produces few chemicals which are

used to produce plastics etc.

Kind of Products

il products comprise of Gas,

Ethane, LPG (liquefied

Petroleum Gas), Gasoline for

Aviation and transportation, Jet fuel,Kerosene, Diesel, Naphtha, White Spirit,

Lubricants, Bitumen, Paraffin Wax,

Petroleum Coke.

Gasoline

Aviation gasoline is prepared for Jet

engines, with freezing point of -60C.

Bitumen or Asphalt

Bitumen is a solid or viscous

hydrocarbon material which is Brown or

Black in color. It is obtained by vacuumdistillation of Crude Oil. It is mainly

used for labeling of roads, Airport

Runway and for Roofing purpose.

Ethane

Ethane is a naturally gaseous hydro

carbon which is a colorless paraffin gas.

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Diesel

Diesel oil includes heavy gas oils. It is

distilled between 180C and 380C.

Several grades are available which is

used in Car, Trucks and other

industrial machineries.

Kerosene

Kerosene is a medium type oil distilled

between 150-300 C. It is also used for

Aircraft transport with Jet fuel.

Jet Fuel

Gasoline type jet fuel includes all light

hydrocarbon oils for use in aviation

turbine power units. It is obtained byblending Kerosone and Naphthas

between 100C - 250C. Its vapor

pressure maintained between 13.7-20.6

kPa.

LPG

Liquefied Petroleum Gases are the light

hydrocarbon namely as Propane or

Butane. LPG is normally liquefied under

pressure for transportation and storage.

It is mainly used in houses for cooking

purposes.

Lubricants

Lubricants are hydrocarbons which is

mainly used to reduce friction between

bearing surfaces.

Naphtha

Naphtha is used for the petrochemical

industry and for gasoline production. Itdistills between 30C and 210C.

Paraffin Waxes

Paraffin Waxes are saturated aliphatic

hydrocarbons. These are extracted when

dewaxing lubricant oils and they have a

crystalline structure. It is a Colorless,

odorless and translucent, with a melting

point above 45C. Question banao

Petroleum CokePetroleum coke is a black solid residue

which is obtained during refinery

process. It consists mainly 90-95% of

carbon. It is used in metallurgical

process in Steel Industries and for

production of chemicals. The good

qualities of Coke are Green Coke and

Calcinated Coke. The Catalyst Coke is

deposited on the catalyst during refining

processes and is not recoverable and isburned as refinery fuel.

White Spirit

White spirit is refined with distillation in

Naphtha. In other words, it is called

SBP which is a light oil of narrower cut.

It has 7 to 8 grades depending on the

position of the cut in the distillation

range.

Other Oil Products

Other oil products are Tar, Sulphur,

Grease etc.

Major Refineries


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he world largest oil Refineries are

at United States of America.

Their capacity is about 9 million

barrels per day. The other countries are

Saudi Arabia about 8.5 million barrels

per day; Russia about 7.6 million

barrels per day; Iran and China about

3.5 million per day, Canada and United

Kingdom about 3.0 million barrels per

day; United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and

Iraq estimated 2.5 million per day.

Jamnagar Refinery of Reliance

Industries Limited is Indias largest

Refinery having capacity of over 1.25

million barrel per day.

Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum,

Hindustan Petroleum, Caltex, Falcon,Petronas, Fushun, Cosmo, Nippon,

Total are renowned names of Oil

companies of the world. Byco Petroleum

is the Oil Refinery of Pakistan. Major

Refineries of United States are Chevron,

Citgo, Esso, Exxon, Marathon,

Paramount, Pennzoil, Valero and Shell.

Refineries in India

Three major Oil companies of India are

Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Bharat

Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)

and Hindustan Petro Chemical Limited

(HPCL). More than 20 Refineries are

operative under these companies.

Other than this, Reliance Industries

Ltd. has its own Refinery which is

worlds largest private Refinery.

Oil Company Name of Refinery Location Year Production

Indian OilCorporation

Mathura RefineryMathura

(U.P.)1982 156000 BPD

Barauni RefineryBarauni(Bihar)

1964 116000 BPD

Bongaigaon RefineryBongaigaon

(Asom)1979 48000 BPD

Digboi RefineryDigboi(Asom)

1901 13000 BPD

Gujarat RefineryVadodara(Gujarat)

1965 170000 BPD

Guwahati RefineryGuwahati

(Asom)1962 20000 BPD

Haldia RefineryHaldia(W.B.)

1975 116000 BPD

Manali Refinery(CPCL)

Manali(T.N.)

1965 185000 BPD

NagapattinamNaganam

(T.N.)1993 20000 BPD

BharatPetroleum Corp.

Ltd.

Kochi RefineryKochi

(Kerala)1966 146000 BPD

Mumbai Refinery

(Burma Shell)

Mumbai

(M.S.) 1977 135000 BPD


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Numaligarh RefineryGolaghat(Asom)

2001 15000 BPD

Hindustan PetroChemical Ltd.

Mumbai Refinery(ESSO)

Mumbai(M.S.)

1954/1974

100000 BPD

Vizag Refinery

(CALTEX)

Vizag

(A.P.)

1957 /

1978

150000 BPD

Bathinda Refinery(GGSR)

Bathinda(Punjab)

2012 180000 BPD

Mangalore RefineryMangalore

(T.N.)1998 190000 BPD

RelianceIndustries Ltd.

Jamnagar RefineryJamnagar(Gujarat)

1999 660000 BPD

Oil & NaturalGas Corpn.

Tatipaka RefineryTatipaka

(A.P.)2001 1600 BPD

Essar Essar RefineryVadinar(Gujarat)

2006 300000 BPD

It is to be noted that One Barrel is equal to

approximately 159 Litres for Petroleum products.

Plastic and its usage

A plastic means capable of beingmolded. It is a synthetic organic solid.

Mainly it is used in films, fibers, tubes,

bottles, boxes etc. Thermo Plastics and

Thermo Polymers are two types of

Plastics are there. Thermoplastics do

not undergo chemical changes in their

composition when heated. It can be

molded again and again. Thermo

settings Polymers once melt, it take a

shape and stay solid. The raw materialis taken from Petroleum and Natural

Gas. Plastic can be classified by their

chemical structures e.g. Acrylic,

Polyesters, Silicon, etc. It can also be

classified by its physical properties such

as density, tensile strength, resistance

etc. The following are the kinds of

plastic and their uses.

Kind of Plastic Abreviation Uses in

Poly Propylene P PFood Containers, Appliances, Car

Bumpers, Pressure Pipes etc.

Poly Styrene P SPackaging Foam, Disposable crockery andcutlery, CD and Cassette boxes, Jelly etc.

High Impact PolyStyrene

H I P S Fridge Liners, Vending Cups etc.

AcrylonitrileButadiene Styrene

A B SComputer Monitors, Printers, Key Boards,

Drainage Pipes and other electronics


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Popy EthyleneTerephthalate

P E TCold drink bottles, Household Jars,

Window Films etc.

Polyester P E S Making Fibre Textiles

Poly amides P ANylon Fibres, Tooth brush, Car engine

moldings etc.

Poly VinylChloride

P V CPlumbing Pipes, Shower Curtains, Window

Frames, Flooring etc.

Poly Urethanes P U Cushion Foams, Car materials etc.

Poly Carbonate P C Eye glasses, traffic Lights, Lenses etc.

Post ConsumerResin

P C RMilk Bottles, Water Containers, Toys,

Plastic Bags

Mobile Phones

nce there was a time when

telephone was a status symbol

and total consumers were below

one lac during British period. Use of

telephone increased day by day and it

reached to five million in 1991 and

presently this figure crossed one billion.

On a later stage mobile phones were

also launched in India during 1990s

and first company was Nokia. The First

Mobile service provider company was

Modi Group in 1995 and started in

Kolkata. Mobile phones launched and

people liked its uses.

Today about 1 Billion subscribers uses

mobile phones in India and is still

continuing to enhance. This figure is

almost 70% of total population of India.India has the worlds second largest

mobile phone users. The tariff is also

lowest comparative to other parts of the

world.

Mobile Service provider companies in

India are Bharat Sanchar Nigam

Limited (BSNL), Airtel (Bharti

Enterprises), Reliance Communications

(Anil Ambani), Vodafone (Essar and

Vodafone), Idea Cellular (Aditya Birla),

Tata DoCoMo and Tata Virgin (Tata),

Aircel (Apollo Hospital) and Uninor

(Unitech) etc.

Consumption rate of few countries is

much higher than that of its

populations. They are Hong Kong

(190%), Saudi Arabia (170%), Russia

and Italy (150%), Singapore (140%),

Germany (130%), United Kingdom

(125%) and United States of America,

Brazil and Thailand (105%).

Similarly use of mobile phones in some

countries is much lesser than its

population. These countries areBangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan where

rate of use is 48, 53 and 65 percent

respectively. The least users are in

North Korea i.e. just 5% of total

population.

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Mobile Services Providers in India

Network Ownership Users (Millions)

Airtel Bharti Enterprises 190

Idea Aditya Birla 117

Reliance Communication Reliance ADAG 155

Vodafone Vodafone (India) 155

B.S.N.L. State Govt. 100

Tata DoCoMo Tata Tele 90

Aircel Apollo Hospital 65

Uninor Unitech 42

M.T.S. Shyam Group 15

Videocon Videocon 5

M.T.N.L. State Govt. 5Loop Mobile Essar 3

Ping Mobile Infotel 1


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Questions based on the above

1-G. Former Hailey National Park isbetter known as?

(a) Keola Deo National Park(b) Dudhwa National Park(c) Jim Corbett National Park(d) Sariska National Park

2-L. What is the capacity of one Barrelfor Petroleum Products?(a) 101 Litres (b) 149 Litres(c) 159 Litres (d) 141 Litres

3-S. Which kind of Plastic is used formaking Eye Glasses?

(a) Poly Carbonate(b) Poly Propylene(c) Poly Styrene(d) Poly Vinyl

4-A. What is the total strength ofTigers as on 2010 report of the TigerConservation Authority?(a) 1411 (b) 1515(c) 1706 (d) 2415

5-L. By which group of India, themobile services were launched first timein India?(a) Birla Group (b) Modi Group(c) B.S.N.L. (d) Tata Tele.

6-E. Which country has the maximumpercentage of consumers of mobilephones comparative to its population?(a) Hong Kong (b) India

(c) Germany (d) United States

7-A. Which States of India has thecredit to launch first Mobile services?(a) New Delhi (b) Mumbai(c) Kolkata (d) Bangalore

8-N. Where is located ChitwanNational Park?(a) Burma (b) Nepal(c) Malaysia (d) India

9-O. Which of these is First NationalPark of India?

(a) Dudhwa (b) Kaziranga(c) Gir (d) Corbett

10-D. What is Tear Gas?(a) Bromo Acetone(b) Chloro Benzyl Idenemalono Nitrile(c) Benzyl Bromide(d) Bromo Benzyl Cyanide

11-B. Which gas smells near uncleanedPublic toilets?

(a) Ammonia(b) Carbon Dioxide(c) Chlorine(d) Sulphur Dioxide

12-D. Which element is found mostabundantly in crust of the Earth?(a) Silicon (b) Aluminium(c) Oxygen (d) Iron


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Scoring System

The questions are divided into ten slabs of rating, as usual which has anumeral value. These letters are A, B, D, E, G, H, L, N, O and S.

Answers

Q.Ans. Q.Ans. Q.Ans.

1c 2c 3 - a

4c 5b 6 - a

7c 8b 9 - d

10b 11a 12 - c


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Bibliography

When I compiled this chapter, I took help of some websites related to it. The following

quotes and references were visited.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refineries

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_India

CD of Manorama Guide upto the years 2011.

Hope you enjoyed to read the book

The Key to Success

From Part I to Part 6 on different topics

Now in this part of book you will find knowledge

regarding National Parks and Sanctuaries, Oil

Refineries and Mobile Network Operators etc.

I tried to give you as much information as

possible regarding the above subject keeping in

view that there is too much to write on this topic

but I tried my best to provide only the most

relevant information.

Again I will request you all to share it with your

friends too. You may buy the complete book

with all the issues together at a discounted rate

as well from various online services released

separately.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refinerieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refinerieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refinerieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India

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