the jere beasley report, mar. 2009

8/9/2019 The Jere Beasley Report, Mar. 2009

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Lnstrncutml tg gvmr


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E Inriunt Igurt fury na KgatdgkmryIguaty, Eheceke, ga Bmcruery 3-ymer iermmr et e Dgglymer \nrm &Succmr Ig. pheat na Delslma,Eheceke.Yjm tjma bnhml e hewsunt. Cut tjm JndjIgurt, na e sjgi`nad lminsnga,jmhl na e

=-< lminsnga tjet sjm wes hetm na bnhnadsunt eal ruhml bgr Dgglymer.

Na tjm Hmlcmttmr iesm, tjm Jndj Igurtsenl tjet e pmrsga kust bnhm e ihenk gblnsirnknaetnga wntjna 5:? leys gb eigkpeays nantneh lminsnga tg pey ewgr mr hmss tjea nt peys eagtjmr wgr`mrlgnad tjm sekm fgc.\jet kelm nt vnrtu-ehhy nkpgssnchm bgr e wgkea tg bnhm sunt

eal tjet wes ihmerhy wrgad. ]almr tjmamw Eit, mvmry amw lnsirnknaetgry pey-ijmi` wguhl mxtmal tjm stetutm gb hnkn-tetngas bgr eagtjmr 5:? leys.

_rmsnlmat Gceke intml ImasusCurmeu bndurms sjgwnad tjet wgkmastnhh rmimnvm gahy ecgut 4: imats bgr

NA \JNY NYY]M

N. Iepntgh Gcsmrvetngas . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

NN. Smimat Hewsunts Bnhml Cy tjm Bnrk .

R. \jm Aetngaeh Yimam . . . . . . . . . . . . . >

RN. \jm Igrpgretm Tgrhl . . . . . . . . . . 53

RNN. Igadrmssngaeh ]pletm . . . . . . . . . . 5. \jm Igkphenat wes bnhml gacmjehb gb \eyhgr D. Fgams edenast Yndke_jn Mpsnhga Bretmranty, tjm Eucuraijeptmr gb Yndke _jn Mpsnhga,EhecekeEhpje ijeptmr, eal e bretmranty kmkcmr,Veijery Fekms Uunhhma.

\jm Igkphenat ehhmdms \eyhgr Fgamswes nafurml et tjm Yndke _jn Mpsnhgabretmranty jgusm ga tjm iekpus gbEucura ]anvmrsnty wjma jm wes

esseuhtml cy Uunhhma. Fgams wes jgspn-tehnzml es e rmsuht gb jns nafurnms.\jm bre-tmranty benhml tg prgvnlm prgpmr ealelmquetm smiurnty tg masurm sebmty et eperty et tjm bretmranty jgusm. FuhneCmeshmy eal N brgk gur bnrk,ehgad wntjKiIghhuk, Irutijbnmhl & Tnhsga, _.I.,na Eucura,Ehe., wnhh jealhm tjns iesm bgr\eyhgr eal jns beknhy.

Y]N\BNHMLGACMJEHBGBLMIGSE\MLTES

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Gur bnrk jes bnhml e hewsunt na tjmInriunt Igurt gb Cehlwna Iguaty,Ehe.,ga cmjehb gb tjm beknhy gb Hmrgy Kymrs,e lmigretml wer vmtmrea, wjg lnml estjm rmsuht gb e behh ga Key 9,3??4.Et tjmtnkm, jm wes ualmr supmrvnsml aursnadierm et tjm T.B. Drmma Ytetm RmtmreasJgkm. Lmbmaleats aekml na tjm suntnaihulm JKS Elveatedm JmehtjYystmks, Nai.0 Jmehtj KeaedmkmatSmsgurimsDgvmrakmateh Ymrvnims,

Nai.0 JKS gb Cey Knamttm, Nai.0 ealJmehtj Keaedmkmat Smsgurims, Nai.Ehhgb tjmsm igkpeanms jel tjm rmspgasn-cnhnty bgr gpmretnga eal keaedmkmat gbtjm beinhnty. \jm sunt ehhmdms tjet tjmLmbmaleats amdhndmaim ieusml Kr.Kymrs lmetj. Ypminbni mxekphms gb amd-hndmat ierm prngr tg tjm behh wmrm hnstmlna tjm Igkphenat.

Kr. Kymrs smrvml jns iguatry lurnad

Tgrhl Ter NN na tjm ].Y. Erky 5st Grl-aeaim Lnvnsnga. Jm wes na bnvm kefgrcetthms naihulnad tjm navesnga gb Agr-kealy ga L-Ley eal tjm Cetthm gb tjmCuhdm, eal rmimnvml bnvm Crgazm Yterseal gam Ynhvmr Yter.\jns kea wes e rmehEkmrniea jmrg.

\jm T.B. Drmma Ytetm Rmtmreas Jgkmwes navmstndetml cy tjm ].Y. Lmpert-

kmat gb Fustnim, Invnh Sndjts Lnvnsnga,wjnij guthnaml nts bnalnads na e hmttmr tgEheceke Dgvmragr Cgc Snhmy letmlLmi. 5:, 3??:. Na tjns hmttmr, DreimIjuad Cmi`mr,Eitnad Essnsteat EttgramyDmamreh bgr tjm ].Y., stetms tjet aukmr-gus igalntngas eal preitnims et T.B.Drmma vnghetm tjm igastntutngaeh ealbmlmreh stetutgry rndjts gb nts rmsnlmats.\jm hmttmr intms pertniuher leadmr tg rms-nlmats wmhh-cmnad es e rmsuht gb naelm-quetm kmlnieh eal aursnad smrvnims

essmsskmat, pheaanad eal ierm.Ehh rmsnlmats gb aursnad jgkmslmsmrvm dggl ierm,ettmatnga eal trmet-kmat, rmderlhmss gb wjmrm tjmy ermhgietml. \jet ns mspminehhy trum bgr ebeinhnty tjet jes knhntery vmtmreas ualmrnts ierm.\jns beinhnty benhml tg hnvm up tgtjm stealerls rmqunrml cy bmlmreh ealstetm hew.Es e knhntery jmrg, Kr. Kymrslmsmrvml tjm vmry cmst gb ierm, ettma-tnga eal trmetkmat et tjns beinhnty. Jmihmerhy benhml tg dmt nt eal tjets esjekm eal e lnsdreim. N wnhh wgr` wntj

F._. Yewymr brgk gur bnrk, ehgad wntjCully Crei na gb Crei na, KiDrnbb ealFgjasga, _.I., na Bghmy,Eheceke, ga tjnsiesm bgr tjm beknhy.

HETY]N\BNHMLEDENAY\BGSLKG\GSIG.,\ST E]\GKG\NRM, EALKEVLEKG\GSIGS_GSE\NGA

Gur bnrk jes bnhml e wrgadbuh lmetjhewsunt na tjm Inriunt Igurt gb FmbbmrsgaIguaty,Eheceke,Cmssmkmr Lnvnsnga.GaLmimkcmr :, 3??2, Fekms eal HuheKellgx wmrm brgat smet giiupeats na e5>>9 Bgrl Msigrt.E Ijryshmr _\ Irunsmrlrnbtml natg tjmnr heam gb trevmh eal jnttjm iguphm jmel-ga.Cgtj vmjnihms wmrmtrevmhnad et rmhetnvmhy shgw spmmls. CgtjFekms eal Huhe Kellgx wmrm `nhhmlnasteathy lmspntm tjm beit tjet tjm giiu-peats gb tjm Ijryshmr _\ Irunsmrweh`ml ewey rmhetnvmhy uanafurml. Gur

navmstndetnga natg tjm iresj jes lmtmr-knaml tjet lmbmits na tjm lmsnda gb tjmsmet cmht prmvmatml tjm cmht brgk prg-vnlnad prgpmr rmstrenat eal tjet tjm cmhtntsmhb wes tjm ieusm gb tjm lmetjs.\jmpggrhy lmsndaml systmk iguhl jevmcmma nkprgvml wntj ea namxpmasnvmrgutnad ihnp tjet wguhl jevm masurmlprgpmr cmht pmrbgrkeaim. Ijrns Dhgvmr

eal Ighm _grtns brgk tjm bnrk wnhhjealhm tjns iesm.

EAG\JMSHETY]N\BNHMLEDENAY\BGSLKG\GSIG. EAL\ST E]\GKG\NRM

Gur bnrk jes bnhml e pmrsgaeh nafuryhewsunt na tjm Inriunt Igurt gb MtgwejIguaty, Eheceke edenast Bgrl KgtgrIg. eal \ST Eutgkgtnvm. Ga Bmcruery55, 3??4,\jgkes eal Denh Junm wmrmrmturanad brgk e trnp tg Knssnssnppn

wntj brnmals. Kr. Junm wes tjm brgatsmet pessmadmr na e 3??< Bgrl Mxpmln-tnga.\jm vmjnihm hgst igatrgh eal rghhmlgvmr ga N-=> na Fmbbmrsga Iguaty.Lurnad tjm rghhgvmr, tjm smet cmhtjghlnad Kr. Junm spgghml gut smvmrehnaijms ehhgwnad jnk tg cm pertnehhymfmitml brgk tjm vmjnihm.Es e rmsuht, jmrmimnvml kessnvm natmraeh eclgknaehnafurnms tjet jevm hmbt jnk smvmrmhy pmr-keamathy lnsechml.

Gur navmstndetnga na tjns iesm

rmvmehml tjet Bgrl Kgtgr Ig. eal \STEutgkgtnvm purpgsmhy lmsndaml tjmrmtreitgr tg spggh gut na brgateh ighhn-sngas na grlmr tg nkprgvm iresj tmstrmsuhts. \jmsm dgvmrakmat eal NNJYiresj tmst aukcmrs jevm cmigkmnkpgrteat tgghs na ker`mtnad tjm Mxpm-lntnga. Tjnhm tjm Lmbmaleats eitngaswmrm e quni` wey tg nkprgvm tjmrmsuhts na brgateh ighhnsngas, tjns spggh-nad gb smet cmht wmccnad ns mxtrmkmhyleadmrgus na e vmjnihm rghhgvmr. Nts snd-anbnieat tjet rghhgvmr tmstnad ns agt iga-luitml ga tjmsm vmjnihms.Ijrns Dhgvmreal Cma Ce`mr brgk tjm bnrk wnhhjealhm tjns iesm bgr Kr. eal Krs.Junm.

CMEYHM^EHHMASM_SMYMA\NADY\SG\JMSBEKNH^NA\SEDNIIEYM

Gur bnrk jes bnhml sunt na tjm InriuntIgurt bgr Kgcnhm Iguaty, Eheceke ga


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cmjehb gb tjm beknhy gb Knijmhm Ytrgtjmr,wjg wes `nhhml Eudust 2, 3??:, wjmatjm 5>>2 Kmriury Kguatenammr nawjnij sjm wes e pessmadmr wmat gut gbigatrgh eal rghhml gvmr ga Natmrstetm 2=.

Tjnhm tjm vmjnihm wes trevmhnad et eagrkeh retm gb spmml,tjm rndjt rmer tnrm,keaubeiturml cy Bnrmstgam, lm-trmelml.\jm lrnvmr hgst igatrgh gb tjm vmjnihm

eal nt rghhml gvmr, betehhy nafurnadKnijmhm. \jm tnrm wes lmbmitnvm cylmsnda eal Bnrmstgam wes et beuht bgrbenhnad tg wera tjm puchninaihulnadKnijmhm Ytrgtjmr eal jmr beknhyecgutnts lmbmits.\jm Kmriury Kguatenammrwes lmbmitnvm eal uarmesgaechy lea-dmrgus, cmieusm nt wes uaigatrghhechmualmr imrtena lrnvnad igalntngas,mspm-inehhy na tjm mvmat gb e rmer tnrm lm-trmel. \jm vmjnihm ns uastechm, wntj ejndj prgpmasnty tg rghh gvmr wjma

tjmrm ns hgss gb lnrmitngaeh igatrgh.\jns wes e jgrrmalgus eiinlmat tjetrmsuhtml na tjm hgss gb hnbm,eal nt sjguhlamvmr jevm jeppmaml. Keaubeiturmrsjevm e rmspgasncnhnty tg ke`m surm tjmnrprgluits erm sebm, gr et tjm vmry hmesttjmy kust wera tjm puchni wjma tjmy`agw tjmrm ns smrngus rns` gb nafury grlmetj navghvml. Yelhy, tjns iresj wes etredmly tjet iguhl jevm cmma evgnlml.Ekgad tjm Lmbmaleats aekml na tjmIgkphenat erm Crnldmstgam/BnrmstgamAgrtj Ekmrnie \nrm,HHI,eal Bgrl Kgtgr

Igkpeay. Drmd Ehhma, Drejek Mslehm,eal N wnhh jealhm tjm iesm bgr Knssy ealFgmy Ytrgtjmr,Knijmhms permats.

NNN.

HMDNYHE\NRM

JE__MANADY

YMAE\MLMKGISE\Y_SG_GYMHMDNYHE\NGA

\jm Eheceke Ymaetms LmkgiretniIeuius weats tg te`m $5 cnhhnga brgk estetm sevnads eiiguat eal usm nt tg cunhlrgels na Eheceke.\jm Ieuius uavmnhml ehmdnshetnvm edmale merhy na tjm smssngatjet naihulms e prgpgsml igastntutngaehekmalkmat bgr rgel igastruitnga.\jmspgasgr, Ymaetgr Hgwmhh Cerrga,seys tjmprgpgseh wguhl rmkgvm $5?? knhhngameij ymer bgr tma ymers brgk tjm

Eheceke \rust Bual. ]almr tjm hmdnshe-tnga, tjm kgamy bgr rgel wgr` wguhlagt cm rmpenl. N edrmm wntj YmaetgrCerrga tjet tjm jndjwey spmalnad wnhhstnkuhetm migagkni drgwtj.

\jm Ymaetm Lmkgiretni Ieuius nsehsg prgpgsnad kgrm prgtmitnga bgrjgkmgwamrs. Gam cnhh wguhl hnimasmhgea grndnaetgrs.Eagtjmr wguhl rmqunrm

kgrtdedm igkpeanms tg dnvm jgkmgwa-mrs kgrm agtnim cmbgrm bgrmihgsnad ga ehgea.Tjnhm tjmsm cnhhs erm e stert,kuijkgrm na tjns erme gb igaimra ns ammlml.\jm Lmkgirets na tjm hmdnsheturm, wjgjevm kefgrntnms na cgtj tjm Jgusm ealYmaetm, kust te`m tjm hmel na pessnadigastruitnvm hmdnshetnga na tjns smssnga.

Ygurim6 Essginetml _rmss

\JMY\E\MDSGIMS^\EZYJG]HLCMMALML

Tntj uamkphgykmat rnsnad eal bgglprnims sgernad,Ehecekes wgr`nad bekn-hnms amml sgkm rmhnmb.E cnhh ns kgvnadtjrgudj tjm Hmdnsheturm tjet wnhh jmhpeal tjm cnhh sjguhl cm pessml. \jmdrgimry tex cnhh (Jgusm Cnhh 552) wnhh dgtg tjm Jgusm bhggr bgr e vgtm eal jgpm-buhhy wnhh jevm magudj suppgrt tg pess.\jm cnhh wguhl hgwmr tjm drgimry texwntjgut rmluinad bualnad bgr mluie-tnga. Nt wguhl mal tjm bgur-imat stetm

drgimry tex eal pey bgr tjm rmluitngacy ieppnad tjm uabenr lmluitnga bgrbmlmreh naigkm texms,wjnij dnvms judmtex crme`s tg pmgphm et vmry jndjnaigkms. Nts quntm gcvngus tjet gur texsystmk ns gut gb ceheaim eal ns na ammlgb rmbgrk.Tjnhm tjns ns gahy e bnrst stmp,nts ea nkpgrteat stmp. \jgsm wjggppgsm tjm hmdnshetnga erm snkphy prg-tmitnad wmehtjy intnzmas wjg wnhh pey ehntthm kgrm na texms. Iurrmathy, tjm tgp9% gb texpeymrs dmt kgrm tjea jehb gbtjm cmambnt brgk e lmluitnga tjet igsts$44? knhhnga.Cy malnad tjns tex crme`bgr pmgphm et jndj naigkms, tjm drgimrytex iea cm rmluiml, wjnij na tjm hgadrua wnhh cmambnt ehh Ehecekneas. Na sjgrt,Smp. @andjts drgimry tex cnhh wnhh jmhpput tjnads na gur stetm cei` natgceheaim. Nb ygu edrmm, maiguredm ygurJgusm kmkcmr eal Ymaetgr tg suppgrttjns hmdnshetnga.

\JMHMDNYHE\]SMYJG]HLKE@MDGRMSAGSSNHM^YM\JNIYHET_SG_GYEHMRMAY\SGADMS

Dgvmragr Snhmy jes es`ml tjmEheceke Hmdnsheturm tg epprgvm estrgadmr stetm mtjnis hew. Na beit,jm jeses`ml bgr e igkprmjmasnvm rmwrntm gbtjm mxnstnad hew. \jm Dgvmragr kelm

tjm prgpgseh na jns Ytetm gb tjm Ytetmellrmss tg tjm Hmdnsheturm ga tjmgpmanad andjt gb tjm Smduher Ymssngaga Bmcruery 9rl eal e cnhh jes agw cmmanatrgluiml na tjm Jgusm.

\jm mtjnis hew ihmerhy ammls tg cmupdrelml eal kelm kuij strgadmr. Ncmhnmvm tjet eay ijeadms na tjm hew,jgwmvmr, sjguhl lmbnantmhy naihulmkmeanadbuh iekpenda bnaeainadrmbgrks. ]atnh tjet erme ns rmehhy lmehtwntj, tjm rmeh prgchmks phedunad Ytetmdgvmrakmat wgat cm sghvml. Jgpm-

buhhy, tjm hmdnshetgrs wnhh te`m tjm Dgvmr-agrs rmigkkmaletngas eal igkm upwntj e cnhh tjet wnhh ellrmss ehh gb tjmmxnstnad mtjnieh prgchmks. Na beit, ntstjmnr fgc tg ke`m wjet Dgvmragr Snhmyprgpgsml mvma strgadmr. Ky brnmal,Smp.Kei Dnpsga, brgk _rettvnhhm, natrg-luiml tjm Dgvmragrs cnhh na tjm Jgusmgb Smprmsmatetnvms ga Bmcruery 3


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smvmreh gtjmr pnmims gb mtjnis hmdnshe-tnga cmbgrm tjm Hmdnsheturm tjns ymer.\jmy naihulm cnhhs tg rmqunrm tjm rmdns-tretnga gb mxmiutnvm creaij hgccynsts,dnvm tjm igkknssnga sucpgmae pgwmr,ke`m nt mesnmr bgr tjm igkknssnga tgnantnetm navmstndetngas eal rmqunrm kgrmlmtenh ga migagkni lnsihgsurm bgrksbnhml cy puchni gbbninehs.\jns Hmdnsheturm

jes ea gppgrtuanty tg pess hmdnshetngatjet wnhh igvmr ehh gb tjm prgchmk ermes._essnad ea naigkphmtm pei`edm tjetbenhs tg ettei` tjm rmeh prgchmks,jgwmvmr, wguhl cm e knste`m. Jgpm-buhhy, tjns wnhh cm tjm ymer wjma mtjniehcmjevngr ns kelm e rmeh prngrnty na tjmEheceke Hmdnsheturm. Nb sg, tjm intnzmasgb gur Ytetm wnhh cm tjm wnaamrs.


\JMNAKE\MTESANADCNHH

Eagtjmr nkpgrteat cnhh wes natrg-luiml cy Smp. Kei Dnpsga na tjmrmduher smssnga.\jet cnhh, nb pessml,wnhhrmqunrm tjm Cgerl gb Igrrmitngas tgwera tjm kmlne eal hgieh hew mabgrim-kmat wjma ea naketm msiepms brgk eaEheceke prnsga. E Jgusm Igkknttmmjes ehrmely dnvma e bevgrechm rmpgrt tgtjm cnhh. Nt jes dgam tg tjm buhh Jgusmbgr e vgtm. Ky crgtjmr Cnhhy pheas tgjmhp Kei dmt tjns cnhh tjrgudj tjm

Jgusm. Na ky gpnanga, tjns hmdnshetngasjguhl cm pessml.

EHECEKEHETKE@MSYCEI@LSNRMS\MZ\NADCEA

Kgst kmkcmrs gb tjm Eheceke Hmdns-heturm bevgr pessnad hmdnshetnga tg ceatmxt kmssednad wjnhm lrnvnad. Na eaEssginetml _rmss survmy gb hewke`mrs,:5% gb Jgusm kmkcmrs rmspgalnadsenl tjmy wguhl suppgrt suij e cea,

wjnhm fust 5% wes gppgsml. Mndjtmmapmrimat senl tjmy wmrm ualminlml. Natjm Ymaetm, 44% gb rmspgalmats senltjmy wguhl suppgrt tjm cnhh, wjnhm5?% wmrm gppgsml wntj 59% ualm-inlml. Ytetm Smp. Fnk KiIhmalgagcsmrvml6

Nb ygurm dgnad tg tmxt kmssedm,

yguvm dgt tg te`m ygur myms gbb

tjm rgel eal gam gr cgtj jeals

gbb tjm stmmrnad wjmmh. Nts tjm

wgrst bgrk gb lnstreitnga tjmrm ns.

Eiigrlnad tg tjm Nasureaim Nastntutmbgr Jndjwey Yebmty, smvma stetmsIehn-bgrane, Ehes`e, Igaamitniut, Hgunsneae,Knaamsgte, Amw Fmrsmy, Tesjnadtgaphus tjm Lnstrnit gb Ighukcne, ceasmalnad tmxt kmssedms wjnhm lrnvnad. NaHgunsneae eal Tesjnadtga,smalnad tmxtkmssedms ns gahy e smigalery trebbni vng-hetnga, wjnij kmeas e lrnvmr kust cmstgppml bgr crme`nad e lnbbmrmat trebbnihew cmbgrm jm gr sjm iea cm dnvma etni`mt bgr tmxt kmssednad.Et hmest anamgtjmr stetms cea tmxt kmssednad bgrsgkm tmmaedm gr agvnim lrnvmrs.

Smp. KiIhmalga ns natrgluinad e cnhhtjet wguhl ke`m nt nhhmdeh tg smal e tmxtkmssedm wjnhm gpmretnad e vmjnihm.Bgrtjm bnrst gbbmasm, tjm lrnvmr wguhlrmimnvm e $3= bnam, eal nt wguhl dg tg

$=? bgr tjm smigal gbbmasm eal $4= bgrtjm tjnrl. Lrnvmrs wguhl cm essmssmlpgnats edenast tjmnr lrnvnad rmigrl ealiguhl jevm tjmnr lrnvmrs hnimasm sus-pmalml ebtmr e bgurtj vnghetnga.Et prmsstnkm,tjm cnhh jel ehrmely cmma rmpgrtmlgut gb e Jgusm igkknttmm.

Smp.KiIhmalga,wjg smrvms es ijenr-kea gb tjm Eheceke Yebmty Iggrlnaet-nad Igkknttmm, jes wgr ml jerl na jnsmbbgrts tg nkprgvm jndjwey sebmty. Jmjes natrgluiml e aukcmr gb sebmty-

rmhetml cnhhs. Na beit, jm natrgluiml esnknher cnhh twg ymers edg tjet wguhljevm kelm nt e vnghetnga bgr pmgphmualmr 5: tg lrnvm eal usm e imhh pjgamet tjm sekm tnkm.\jet cnhh lnml ebtmrcmnad lmcetml bgr smvmreh jgurs ga tjmJgusm bhggr, wntj sgkm hewke`mrsigkphenanad nt sjguhl epphy tg mvmry-cgly eal agt fust tmmaedmrs.\jm prg-pgsml hmdnshetnga ns suppgrtml cygbbninehs et tjm Eheceke \rebbni YebmtyImatmr et tjm ]anvmrsnty gb Kgatmvehhg.


E CNHH \JE\TG]HLEHHGTMESH RG\NADNYCMNADIGAYNLMSML

\jm Jgusm Igastntutnga eal Mhmi-tngas Igkknttmm jes ehrmely epprgvmle cnhh tjet wguhl ehhgw merhy vgtnad naEheceke cy wey gb ecsmatmm cehhgts.Smp.Ghnvmr Sgcnasga, L-Cnrknadjek, nstjm cnhhs spgasgr.\jm cnhh wguhl ehhgw

eay quehnbnml vgtmr tg vgtm merhy cyiestnad ea ecsmatmm cehhgt mvma nb tjmywnhh cm na tgwa ga Mhmitnga Ley.\jnrty-gam stetms gbbmr sgkm sgrt gb merhyvgtnad, eiigrlnad tg tjm Aetngaeh Iga-bmrmaim gb Ytetm Hmdnsheturms. Iurrmathy,Eheceke vgtmrs iea gahy vgtm cy ecsma-tmm nb tjmy ettmst tjet tjmy wnhh cm gut gbtgwa ga Mhmitnga Ley, erm tgg nhh tg dg

tg tjm pghhs gr dnvm eagtjmr eiimptmlrmesga. Smp. Sgcnasgas cnhh wguhlrmkgvm tjgsm igalntngas brgk tjm heweal ehhgw eay vgtmr tg smal na eaecsmatmm cehhgt tg vgtm merhy. N jevmatrmel tjns cnhh, cut N ek bgr merhy vgtnadna sgkm besjnga. Gcvngushy, tjm usm gbecsmatmm cehhgts wguhl cm ijmepmr. Nblgam prgpmrhy, nt sjguhl wgr` wmhh.

Ygurim6 Cnrknadjek Amws

IGAY\N\]\NGAIGARMA\NGA_SG_GYEHNA\SGL]IML

E Fgnat Smsghutnga tg Hmt tjm _mgphmRgtm ga iehhnad e Igastntutnga Igavma-tnga tg rmwrntm tjm 5>?5 Eheceke Iga-stntutnga, jes cmma natrgluiml cyYpme`mr _rg \mk Lmkmtrnus Amwtga natjm Jgusm gb Smprmsmatetnvms eal cyYmaetgr \ml Hntthm na tjm EhecekeYmaetm. Dgnad wntj e rmsghutnga retjmrtjea e cnhh ns e amw epprgeij. Nt wnhhdnvm tjm pmgphm tjm rndjt tg lminlm

wjmtjmr e igastntutnga igavmatngawguhl cm iehhml. \jm rmsghutnga prg-vnlms tjrmm gppgrtuantnms bgr tjmpmgphm tg vgtm6

Fuam, 3?5?Rgtmrs wguhl vgtm gatjm iehh bgr e igastntutnga igavmatngalurnad tjm ducmraetgrneh stetmprnkery.

Agvmkcmr,3?5?Rgtmrs wguhl mhmitlmhmdetms lurnad tjm dmamreh mhmi-tnga.

Agvmkcmr, 3?53Rgtmrs wguhl vgtmga tjm igavmatngas prgpgsehs lurnadtjm prmsnlmatneh mhmitnga.

Ypminbni rmstrnitngas ga hgccynsts ermnaihulml na tjm rmsghutnga. Lmhmdetmswguhl cm prgjncntml brgk rmimnvnad etjnad gb vehum, naihulnad na-`nal,rmhetmltg tjmnr lutnms es e lmhmdetm tg tjm iga-stntutnga igavmatnga. Hgccynsts wguhljevm tg rmpgrt mxpmalnturms cy tjmk-

www.FmrmCmeshmySmpgrt.igk 4


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smhvms gr e rmhetnvm bgr hgccynad eitnvn-tnms mvmry twg wmm`s cmdnaanad ebtmrtjm igavmatnga iehh vgtm giiurs naFuam,3?5?,eal igatnaunad tjrgudj tjmbnaeh vgtm na Agvmkcmr, 3?53, ga tjmigavmatnga prgpgsehs. \jm bghhgwnaderm `my prgvnsngas6

Nb e Fgnat Smsghutnga ns pessml na tjnshmdnshetnvm smssnga, EIIS wnhh jevmepprgxnketmhy gam ymer bgr mluie-tnga eal grdeanzetnga, tg prmperm bgrtjm vgtm ga tjm igavmatnga qumstngatjet wnhh giiur et tjm Fuam,3?, 3?5?,Ducmraetgrneh _rnkery.

Lmhmdetm mhmitngas na Agvmkcmr,3?5?, wguhl mhmit twg lmhmdetmsbrgk meij Ytetm Hmdnshetnvm JgusmLnstrnit cesml ga tjm twg jndjmstvgtm rminpnmats na meij Jgusm Lns-trnit rmderlhmss gb dmalmr.

\jm igkpmasetnga bgr lmhmdetms tgtjm igavmatnga wnhh cm mqueh tg tjmekguat tjet ns penl na igkpmasetngaeal kgatjhy mxpmasms tg tjmkmkcmrs gb tjm Hmdnsheturm.

\jrmm pgtmatneh vgtms, tjm iehh bgr eigavmatnga, lmhmdetm mhmitnga, ealretnbnietnga vgtm wnhh jeppma gasijmluhml stetmwnlm mhmitnga letmswntjgut eay ellntngaeh igsts tg tjmEheceke texpeymrs.

Igavmatnga gbbnimrs wguhl cmmhmitml brgk tjm mhmitml lmhmdetms tgtjm igavmatnga.

Tjnhm tjns rmsghutnga wnhh beim spminehnatmrmst gppgsntnga,ke`nad pessedm lnb-bniuht, nt key jevm e ijeaim bgr pessedm.\jm rmsghutnga jes kgrm ig-spgasgrstjns tnkm tjea ga prmvngus giiesngas.Nts jerl tg erdum edenast e amw Igastn-tutnga eal mvma jerlmr tg gppgsm ehhgw-nad tjm pmgphm gb Eheceke tg vgtm.

EHECEKEYNHRMS-JENSMLHMDNYHE\]SMJEYE HMDNYHE\NRM_SGDSEK

Ygkm bgh`s cmhnmvm tjet tjm EhecekeYnhvmr-jenrml Hmdnsheturm wguhl lg edggl fgc nb tjmy wmrm tjm mhmitml hmdns-heturm. Na eay mvmat, tjmy erm agt.Jgwmvmr, tjmrm erm e aukcmr gb cnhhs gbnatmrmst tg smangrs tjet erm suppgrtmlcy tjm drgup.\jmy weat tjm cnhhs tg cm

igasnlmrml na tjm iurrmat smssnga gbtjm Hmdnsheturm.\jm bghhgwnad erm sgkmgb tjm cnhhs tjet jevm cmma malgrsml cytjm smangrsdrgup6

Hgad-tmrk ierm nkprgvmkmats ermammlml.E cnhh wnhh cm natrgluiml prg-jncntnad tjm ieaimhnad gb gr nairmes-nad tjm prmknuk ga hgad-tmrk iermnasureaim pghninms.

E cnhh wnhh cm natrgluiml ke nadkgcnhnty majeainad mqunpkmat ealjealnieppml mqunpkmat mxmkptbrgk ehh sehms texms.

E cnhh ke`nad Kmlnienl igvmr trmet-kmat gb imrtena wgkma lnedagsmlwntj crmest gr imrvnieh ieaimr cy eayjmehtj ierm prgvnlmr wnhh cm natrg-luiml.

E cnhh wnhh cm natrgluiml prgjncntnad

jmehtjierm prgvnlmrs brgk ijerdnaduanasurml nalnvnluehs kgrm tjeaKmlnierm wguhl pey bgr tjm sekmtypm jmehtjierm smrvnim.

E cnhh prgjncntnad eaaueh nairmesm nael vehgrmk texms nb tjm gwamr ns tjmsekm es bgr prmvngus vehuetnga wnhhcm natrgluiml.

E cnhh tjet wguhl ieusm tjm naigkmhnknt bgr tjm jgkmstmel mxmkptngabgr tjm lnsechml eal tjm edml tg cm

nairmesml brgk $4,=?? tg $5=,???wnhh cm natrgluiml.

\jm jgkmstmel mxmkptnga wguhl cmelfustml eaauehhy cesml ga DrgssAetngaeh _rgluit nb e cnhh tg cm natrg-luiml pessms.

E cnhh tg nairmesm tjm iurrmat jgkm-stmel mxmkptnga gb $


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www.FmrmCmeshmySmpgrt.igk >

eal Jgusm rmspmitnvmhy tjet wguhlke`m igi`bndjtnad e bmhgay puansjechmcy gam tg tma ymers na prnsga. KnalyDnhcmrt, tjm stetm lnrmitgr gb tjmJukeam Yginmty gb tjm ]antml Ytetms,cmhnmvms nts tnkm tg ke`m tjm igasm-qumaims gb igi`bndjtnad drmetmr tjeatjm bnaeaineh denas tjet igkm brgkcrme`nad tjm hew. N tgtehhy edrmm wntj

Ks. Dnhcmrt eal jgpm tjm hmdnshetngawnhh pess.


NR.

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EKMSNIEACES_SMYNLMA\CMHNMRMYMHMI\NADF]LDMYNYE _GGSY Y\MK

\gkky Tmhhs, wjg ns iurrmathysmrvnad es prmsnlmat gb tjm Ekmrniea CerEssginetnga, cmhnmvms tjmrm erm cmttmrweys tg smhmit fuldms tjea tjrgudj mhmi-tngas. \gkky pgnats tg tjm igsthyEheceke Yuprmkm Igurt reim hest ymer tgke`m jns pgnat.\jm ECE prmsnlmat,wjgns brgk Cnrknadjek, Eheceke, tghl edrgup na jns jgkmtgwa rmimathy tjetjndjhy pertnsea eal mxpmasnvm reimsnkpenr tjm puchnis bentj na fuldms tg ruhmbenrhy gaim tjmy erm mhmitml. \jmrmker`s wmrm kelm na e lmcetm spga-sgrml cy tjm Cnrknadjek hewymrsijeptmr gb \jm Bmlmrehnst Yginmty.

Tjnhm N cmhnmvm gur iurrmat systmk nscelhy na amml gb rmpenr, N stnhh bevgrmhmitnad fuldms. Cut tjmrm kust cmijeadms na jgw fulnineh iekpendas ermbnaeaiml eal tjm herdm suks gb kgamynafmitml natg tjm reims eal tjm bualnadgb reims cy tjnrl-perty drgups kust cmiurtenhml. Iekpenda bnaeaim rmbgrkretjmr tjea eppgnatnad fuldmswguhlsghvm tjm prgchmks na fulnineh reims eal

tjet sjguhl cm e prngrnty na ehh stetm hmd-nshetnvm cglnms tjns ymer, naihulnadEheceke.

BMLMSEHE__MEHYIG]S\ LMEHY CHGT\GIHEYY-ESCN\SE\NGATENRMSY

Igasukmrs wga e kefgr vnitgrywjma e bmlmreh eppmehs igurt jmhl tjetercntretnga iheusms key cm strui`

lgwaualmr stetm hewes uaiga-singaechm nb tjmy prgjncnt tjm usm gb tjmihess eitnga vmjnihm na iesms wjmrm eherdm aukcmr gb igasukmrs jevmihenks tjet wguhl nalnvnluehhy ynmhlgahy skehh suks. \jm 9rl ].Y. InriuntIgurt gb Eppmehs rmvnvml e sunt edenastEkmrniea Mxprmss ebtmr bnalnad tjet ehgwmr igurt nkprgpmrhy lnsknssml tjm

sunt ga tjm drguals tjet tjm igasukmrswmrm cerrml brgk sunad na igurt gr es eihess eal nastmel wmrm rmqunrml tgcrnad nalnvnlueh ihenks cmbgrm ercntre-tgrs. \jns ns e kefgr vnitgry bgr iga-sukmrs. \jm lminsnga ihernbnml eankpgrteat erme gb 9rl Inriunt hew cyualmrsigrnad tjm pgwmr gb stetm igurtstg rmfmit ercntretnga eal eatn-ihesseitnga prgvnsngas tjmy lmmk uaiga-singaechm. Jgpmbuhhy, tjns ns tjm cmdna-anad gb kgrm dggl fulnineh lminsngas

lmehnad wntj ercntretnga.Ygurim6 Hew.igk

IG]S\YE^YREIINAMAG\\GCHEKMBGSE]\NYK

E spmineh igurt jes ruhml edenasttjrmm beknhnms smm`nad igkpmasetngabrgk tjm bmlmreh veiinam-nafury bual.Cgtj snlms na tjm lmcetm jevm cmmaewentnad lminsngas na tjmsm tmst iesmssnaim jmernads cmdea na 3??4.\jns wes e

chgw tg tjm kgvmkmat erdunad tjet vei-inams hmel tg eutnsk. Kgrm tjea =,???snknher ihenks jevm cmma bnhml. Na tjmtjrmm iesms, meij lminlml cy e spminehkestmr, tjm igurt bgual tjet tjm beknhnmsjel agt sjgwa tjet tjmnr ijnhlrmaseutnsk wes crgudjt ga cy sucsteaims natjm veiinamsmntjmr tjm kmeshms vnrusna tjm kmeshms, kukps eal rucmhhe(K.K.S.) veiinam, gr nts igkcnaetngawntj tjnkmrgseh, e kmriury-cesml prm-smrvetnvm tjet wes usml na kgst ijnhl-jggl veiinams uatnh 3??5.

Na e iesm crgudjt cy tjm beknhy gbKnijmhhm Imlnhhg, e ijnhl wntj smvmrmeutnsk, edenast tjm Lmpertkmat gbJmehtj eal Jukea Ymrvnims, tjm fuldmruhml tjet tjm Imlnhhgs jel benhml tglmkgastretm tjet tjnkmrgseh-igatenanadveiinams iea igatrncutm tg ieusnadnkkuam lysbuaitnga, gr tjet tjmK.K.S. veiinam iea igatrncutm tgieusnad mntjmr eutnsk gr destrgnatmstn-

aeh lysbuaitnga. Na jns lminsnga, tjmspmineh kestmr ruhml tjet tjm dgvmra-kmats mxpmrt wntamssms wmrm bercmttmr quehnbnml, ber kgrm mxpmrnmaimleal ber kgrm pmrsuesnvmtjea tjgsm tms-tnbynad bgr tjm Imlnhhgs. Ehtjgudj tjmbeknhy jel tg sjgw gahy tjet tjm prm-pgalmreaim gb mvnlmaim wes ga tjmnrsnlm, tjm fuldm ruhml tjet tjm mvnlmaim

wes gvmrwjmhknadhy igatrery tg tjmnrerdukmat.Tjnhm mxprmssnad lmmp syk-petjy eal elknretngabgr tjm beknhy, jmruhml tjet tjmy jel cmma knshml cypjysnineas wjg erm dunhty, na ky vnmw,gb drgss kmlnieh knsfuldkmat. \jmgtjmr twg spmineh kestmrs rmalmrmlsnknher lminsngas na iesms navghvnad twggtjmr ijnhlrma.\jm fuldms igasnlmrml=,??? pedms gb tmstnkgay brgk mxpmrtseal >9> kmlnieh ertnihms. Hewymrs bgrtjm _henatnbbs wnhh eppmeh.

Eutnsk Ypme`s, wjnij bnaeaimsrmsmerij eal jes sjerp lnvnsngas ekgadbgualnad kmkcmrs ga tjm veiinamqumstnga, senl tjm ruhnads lg agt kntn-detm tjm amml bgr burtjmr sinmatnbninavmstndetnga.\jm bual wes irmetml na5>:: tg igkpmasetm ijnhlrma jurt cyveiinams wntjgut tjm amml bgr hewsuntsedenast veiinam ke`mrs.E tex ga ehh vei-inams dgms natg tjm bual.Keay mxpmrtscmhnmvm tjet na rerm iesms, veiinams ieaieusm sjgi`, crena nabhekketnga eallmetj, mspminehhy na ijnhlrma wntj ehhmr-

dnms gr igkprgknsml nkkuam systmks.Tjnhm tjm hew rmigdanzms spminbnml snlmmbbmits bgr meij veiinam, eutnsk ns agtekgad tjmk. Nt ehhgws permats tg ke`mihenks bgr gtjmr snlm mbbmits, cut smtsspminbni irntmrne tjmy kust kmmt tgsjgw chekm.

Ygurim6 Amw gr` \nkms

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Tm jevm wrnttma ecgut tjm mhmitrgiu-tnga lmetjs gb ].Y.Knhntery pmrsgaamh naNreq na prmvngus nssums.Ea Erky navmstn-detnga jes iehhml tjm mhmitrgiutnga


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kmats lminsnga agt tg rmamw Chei`we-tmrs igatreit na Nreq ns e lreketnilmperturm brgk tjm prmvngus Elknans-tretnga eal na ky gpnanga, wes prgpmr.Nastmel gb gvmrrnlnad tjm Nreqn dgvmra-kmats lminsnga tg lmay Chei`wetmr ehnimasm tg gpmretm, tjm Gceke Elknans-tretnga rmspmitml tjm sgvmrmndaty gb tjmNreqn dgvmrakmat eal rmbusml tg rmamw

Chei`wetmrs igatreit. Natmrmstnadhy,Chei`wetmr jes ijeadml nts aekm na eambbgrt tg pghnsj nts teransjml nkedm. Ntwnhh agw cm `agwa es Zm. Jgpmbuhhy,tjmrm wnhh cm kgrm ijeadms et tjnsgutbnt tjea na aekm gahy.

Ygurim6ECI Amws

ESK^Y]NINLMYE\\JSMM-LMIELMJNDJ

Yuninlms ekgad Erky trggps erm et eamerhy tjrmm-lmielm jndj eal tjet

sjguhl cm gb igaimra tg ehh gb us.\jmaukcmrs nairmesml drmethy hest ymer. Nteppmers tjet et hmest 53: sghlnmrs `nhhmltjmksmhvms na 3??:. \jm bnaeh iguathn`mhy wnhh cm igasnlmrechy jndjmrcmieusm kgrm tjea e lgzma gtjmr suspn-ingus lmetjs erm stnhh cmnad navmstndetmleal iguhl ehsg tura gut tg cm smhb-nabhnitml.

\jm amw bndurm gb kgrm tjea 53:igkperms tg 55= na 3??4 eal 5?3 na3??2eal ns tjm jndjmst snaim rmigrl

`mmpnad cmdea na 5>:?.\jns kmeas tjet3?.3 pmr 5??,??? sghlnmrswjnij nsjndjmr tjea tjm elfustml invnhnea retmbgr tjm bnrst tnkm snaim tjm RnmtaekTerigkknttml suninlm hest ymer.\jmrmpmetml eal hgad tgurs gb luty, lum tgtjm snkuhteamgus wers na Nreq ealEbdjeanstea, jevm put gur trggps ualmrtrmkmalgus eal uaprmimlmatml strmss.N ek agt surm jgw tjm suninlm aukcmrscrme` gut cmtwmma rmduher ealAetngaeh Duerl trggps.

Nt sjguhl cm agtml tjet tjm aukcmrs`mpt cy tjm smrvnim creaijms lgatsjgw tjm wjghm pniturm gb wer-rmhetmlsuninlms cmieusm tjmy lgat naihulmlmetjs ebtmr pmgphm jevm hmbt tjm knhn-tery.\jm Lmpertkmat gb Rmtmreas Ebbenrstrei`s tjgsm aukcmrs eal seys tjmrmwmrm 5


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struitnga ketmrnehs, iea ieusm crmetjnadprgchmks eal ns ihessnbnml es e ierinag-dma. Na Lmimkcmr, Fuldm Madmhjerltrmbusml tg dreat ihess eitnga stetus tgtrenhmr lwmhhmrs hewsunts, rmqunrnad meijpmrsgas ihenk tg cm trnml nalnvnluehhy.\jm fuldm ehsg jes ruhml tjet tjmbmlmreh dgvmrakmat nsat matnthml tgnkkuanty brgk tjm sunts.

\jm pmrsgas wjg wnhh cm _henatnbbsbgr tjm bnrst bgur trnehs jevmat cmmaaekml. Fuldm Madmhjerlt lnrmitmlhewymrs ga cgtj snlms gb tjm iesm tgpni` bgur _henatnbbs brgk e pggh gb ethmest =? pmrsgas.\jm _henatnbbs brgk tjmbnrst bgur iesms, eiigrlnad tg tjm Essgin-etml _rmss,wnhh kgst hn`mhy cm hnkntml tgrmsnlmats gb sgutjmestmra Hgunsneae.


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\jm Ymiurntnms Hntndetnga eal Igasuht-nad Drgup, Nai. (YHID) jes nssuml eaupletml rmpgrt ga snx Smdngas Kgrdea@mmdea (SK@) cgal buals6 Elveatedm

Naigkm Bual (SKE), Jndj NaigkmBual (SKJ), Ytretmdni Naigkm Bual(SYB), Kuhtn-Ymitgr Jndj Naigkm Bual(SJ^), Ymhmit Jndj Naigkm Bual(K@JNZ) eal Ymhmit Natmrkmlnetm CgalBual (K@NCZ).

\jm YHID rmpgrt mxphenas jgw tjmSK@ buals ighhmitnvmhy hgst $3 cnhhngana 3??4 cmieusm gb tjmnr igaimatretmljghlnads gb hgw-prngrnty treaijms nastruiturml bnaeaim lmehs cei`ml cyrns`y lmct naihulnad sucprnkm kgrt-dedms eal irmlnt lmbeuht sweps. \jmstuly igaihulms tjet hgssms subbmrml cynavmstgrs na tjmsm buals wmrm agt tjmrmsuht gb e bhndjt tg quehntygr e kgrt-dedm kmhtlgwa.

\jm stuly sjgws tjet SK@ knsrmprm-smatml jualrmls gb knhhngas gb lghhersgb nhhnqunl essmt-cei`ml smiurntnms na ntsYMI bnhnads es igrpgretm cgals eal prm-bmrrml stgi`s tjmrmcy ke`nad tjm bualssmmk kgrm lnvmrsnbnml eal hmss rns`y

tjea tjmy wmrm. \jm stuly ehsg nhhus-tretms jgw, igatrery tg Ymiurntnms ealMxijeadm Igkknssnga dunleaim, SK@rmpmetmlhy igkperml tjm pmrbgrkeaimgb nts buals tg ea nalmxtjm HmjkeaCrgtjmrs Ce Nalmxtjet igatenamlgahy igrpgretm cgals eal ag strui-turml bnaeaim smiurntnms lmspntm tjm beittjet tjm buals navmstml 2?% tg 4?% gb

tjmnr pgrtbghngs na struiturml bnaeaim.Naellntnga,tjm stuly rmpgrts tjet Kgrdea@mmdeatjm crg`mr-lmehmrknshmlnavmstgrs cy igkpernad tjm pmrbgrk-eaim gb tjm Ymhmit Jndj Naigkm Bualtg tjm IYBC Jndj ^nmhl Nalmx wjnij,hn`m tjm Hmjkea Crgtjmrs nalmx, iga-tenaml agam gb tjm smiurntnms tjet lgkn-aetml tjm SK@ buals pgrtbghng.

Keay gb tjm SK@ Cgal Bualnavmstgrs hgst e sucsteatneh pgrtnga gbtjmnr hnbm sevnads.Gur bnrk rmprmsmats e

aukcmr gb navmstgrs wjg jevm subbmrmlsndanbnieat hgssms. Fey Eudjtkea ealYierhmttm \uhmy erm tjm hewymrs brgk gurbnrk wjg erm jealhnad ihenks ga cmjehbgb lmbreulml navmstgrs.

DMASM\G_E $43 KNHHNGABGSBNAN\MSMNAY]SEAIM\SEAYEI\NGA

Dmamreh Sm Igrp., tjm rmnasureaimuant gb Cmr`sjnrm Jetjewey Nai., jesedrmml tg pey $43 knhhnga tg smtthm

navmstgr ihenks ecgut nts rghm na e breul-uhmat treaseitnga navghvnad EkmrnieaNatmraetngaeh Drgup Nai.\jm smtthmkmatwes eaaguaiml hest kgatj cy GjngEttgramy Dmamreh Snijerl Igrlrey, wjgbnhml tjm hewsunt ga cmjehb gb tjrmmGjng pmasnga buals. \jm smtthmkmatrmqunrms epprgveh cy e bmlmreh fuldm naKeajettea.

\jm iesm imatmrml ga e sg-iehhmlbnantm rmnasureaim treaseitnga wntjDmamreh Sm tjet ehhgwml END tg nkprgp-mrhy cggst nts hgss rmsmrvms cy $=??knhhnga na 3??? eal 3??5, skggtjnadeal nkprgvnad rmsuhts. EttgramyDmamreh Igrlrey senl na e stetmkmat6

Tjma tjm trutj ecgut tjns breul

eal gtjmr END keanpuhetngas

wes kelm puchni, tjm prnim gb END

stgi` lmihnaml. Navmstgrs, naihul-

nad Gjngs pmasnga buals, jel

cmma lmimnvml eal subbmrml sndanb-

nieat bnaeaineh hgssms.

\jm pmasnga bual _henatnbbs naihulmltjm Gjng _uchni Mkphgymms SmtnrmkmatYystmk, tjm Ytetm \meijmrs SmtnrmkmatYystmk eal tjm Gjng _ghnim eal Bnrm_masnga Bual. Bgur bgrkmr Dmamreh Smmxmiutnvms, naihulnad gamtnkm ijnmbmxmiutnvm Sgaehl Bmrdusga, eal ebgrkmr END vnim prmsnlmat wmrm iga-vnitml hest Bmcruery na bmlmreh igurt na

Jertbgrl, Igaamitniut,gvmr tjm rmnasur-eaim treaseitnga.Na 3??2,END penl $5.2cnhhnga tg smtthm invnh ijerdms crgudjtcy tjm Amw ^gr` Ettgramy Dmamrehsgbbnim,na igaamitnga wntj tjm iesm.

Ygurim6 Smutmrseal Nasureaim Fguraeh

IGS_GSE\MIGSS]_\NGANYE\EAEHH \NKMJNDJ

Tm jevm wntamssml e drmet lmeh gbigrruptnga na cgtj dgvmrakmat eal na

tjm prnvetm smitgr gvmr tjm ymers. Igr-ruptnga na tjm igrpgretm cgerl rggksgb Ekmrnie ns agw et ea ehh tnkm jndj.Nts cmma wmhh lgiukmatml tjet kuijgb tjm igrruptnga ns enlml eal ecmttmlcy pgwmrbuh igrpgretm hgccynsts. Hgc-cynad eal crncmrywjma nt igkms tglmehnad wntj puchni gbbninehsermtjgudjt cy sgkm tg cm ihgsmhy rmhetml.Ga giiesnga, N wnhh elknt nts vmry jerltg lrew tjm hnam cmtwmma hmdntnketmnssum elvgieiy eal gutrndjt igrrup-

tnga. Kuij gb tjm ettmatnga ga tjnssucfmit jes tg cm bgiusml ga tjm nabhu-maim gb hgccynsts cgtj na Igadrmss ealna nabhumainad tjm verngus dgvmrakma-teh rmduhetgry edmainms na Tesjnadtga.

\jm hews rmduhetnad hgccynadcgtjet tjm aetngaeh eal stetm hmvmhserm sghex tjet hgccynsts iea igkm vmry ihgsmtg crncnad puchni gbbninehs wntj ag bmergb mvma cmnad eiiusml gb vnghetnad eayhews.\jm dgeh gb hgccynsts ns tg ke`mdgvmrakmat gbbninehs lmpmal ga tjmkbgr bnaeainad eal suppgrt na mhmitngaseal tjm buaamhnad gb kgamy natg iek-pendas ns lgam wntjna tjm hewsprmsmathy ga tjm cgg`s wjnij erm vmrywme`. N suddmst ygu rmel e cgg` cybgrkmr Ymirmtery gb Hecgr SgcmrtSmnij, agw e prgbmssgr et tjm ]anvmr-snty gb Iehnbgrane et Cmr`mhmy, matnthmlIrmetnvm Iepntehnsk. Na tjm cgg` Smnijerdums tjet tjm gahy tjnad igrpgretngasiea lg tg ke`m hnbm cmttmr bgr tjm

53 www.CmeshmyEhhma.igk


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jes edrmml tg pey tjm bmlmreh dgvmra-kmat $2.3 knhhnga tg mal e igatreitbreul navmstndetnga rmhetml tg wgr` et\RE auihmer pheats na Mest \maamssmmeal Eheceke.\jm ].Y.Ettgramys gbbnimna @agxvnhhm senl na e rmhmesm tjet tjmsmtthmkmat rmsuhtml brgk e igkprmjma-snvm,gadgnad perehhmh irnknaeh eal invnhnavmstndetnga stertml cy \RE na 3??knhhnga pmgphm na \maamssmm eal pertsgb Knssnssnppn, Eheceke, @matui`y,Dmgrdne,Agrtj Ierghnae eal Rnrdnane.


IHEYYEI\NGAHETY]N\NYBNHMLEDENAY\\SNELD]ESEA\^

E ihess eitnga hewsunt jes cmma bnhmledenast \rnel Duereaty Nai. eal ntsiurrmat eal bgrkmr tgp mxmiutnvm cystgi`jghlmrs ihenknad tjet tjm gbbninehsvnghetml bmlmreh smiurntnms hews. \jmhewsunt wes bnhml ga cmjehb gb ea naln-vnlueh _henatnbb, Fekms _jnhhnps, na tjm].Y. Lnstrnit Igurt bgr tjm Knllhm Lns-trnit gb Agrtj Ierghnae. Ytgi`jghlmrsebbmitml erm tjgsm wjg cgudjt tjmigkkga stgi` gb \rnel brgk Gitgcmr

32, 3??2, wjma tjm sjerm prnim wes$=9.34, tjrgudj Agvmkcmr 5?, 3??:,wjma tjm sjerm prnim wes :: imats.\jmigkpeay, Ker` \gaamsma, nts bgrkmrijnmb mxmiutnvm eal prmsnlmat, eal @maFgams, nts iurrmat ijnmb mxmiutnvm ealprmsnlmat, ehsg wmrm aekml es Lmbma-leats na tjm hewsunt.\jm hewsunt ehhmdms6

tjet \rnel nssuml ketmrnehhy behsmstetmkmats igaimranad tjmigkpeays cusnamss eal bnaeainehrmsuhts na quertmrhy meranads rmpgrtseal gtjmr stetmkmats

tjet tjgsm igkkmats hml stgi`jghl-mrs tg cuy tjm igkpeays igkkgastgi` et prnims tjet wmrm ertnbninehhynabhetml

tjet tjm Lmbmaleats benhml tg lnsihgsmtjet \rnel wes agt elmquetmhyeiiguatnad bgr hgss rmsmrvms na vnghe-tnga gb dmamrehhy eiimptml eiiguat-nad prnainphms, ieusnad nts bnaeainehrmsuhts tg cm ketmrnehhy knsstetml

tjet \rnel benhml tg usm prgpmr ualmr-wrntnad preitnims bgr nts nasureaimwrnttma na 3??2 eal 3??4, naihulnadtjm nasureaim rmhetml tg nts Eht-E ealpey-gptnga elfustechm-retm kgrtdedmprgluits

tjet \rnel jel ber drmetmr mxpgsurmtg eatninpetml hgssms eal lmbeuhts

rmhetml tg nasureaim wrnttma na 3??2eal 3??4 tjea nt jel lnsihgsml.

\rnel Duereaty, wjnij jes cmma jntjerl cy tjm sjerp rnsm na lmhnaqumainmseal bgrmihgsurms,jes iut et hmest


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Elknanstretnga.\jm gahy qumstnga nsjgw cel ns nt7 Amvmrtjmhmss,Igadrmss nswgr`nad jerlet hmest tjm Lmkgiretsermtg rndjt wjet wes e sna`nad sjnp.\jm _rmsnlmat jes prmsmatml jns pheaseal kgst jevm cmma pessml cy elnvnlml Igadrmss.\jm DG_ hmelmrsjnpammls tg bgrdmt tjm 3?5? mhmitngas ealstert jmhpnad tjm _rmsnlmat dmt jns prg-

dreks pessml.\jm buturm gb gur Aetngalmpmals ga nt!

IEK_ENDABNAEAIMSMBGSK

\jmrm ns hntthm tg rmpgrt ga iekpendabnaeaim rmbgrk tjns kgatj. Ehh gb tjmprgchmks hmbt cy tjm Cusj Elknanstre-tnga erm igasuknad tjm ettmatnga gbcgtj tjm _rmsnlmat eal Igadrmss etprmsmat. Jgpmbuhhy, tjns ammlml rmbgrkwnhh dmt ga trei` na tjm agt-tgg-lnsteat

buturm.

\JMESCN\SE\NGABENSAMYYEI\GB3??>

Smp. Jmary Fgjasga jes natrgluimltjm Ercntretnga Benramss Eit gb 3??> natjm ].Y. Jgusm gb Smprmsmatetnvms.\jmhmdnshetnga wguhl prgjncnt tjm mabgrim-kmat gb cnalnad kealetgry ercntretngaiheusms na igasukmr, mkphgykmat, ealbreaijnsmm igatreits.Tm jevm smma tjm

Igastntutngaeh rndjt gb e fury trneh cmnadte`ma ewey brgk Ekmrniea intnzmas.Duereatmml cy tjm Igastntutnga, tjnsrndjt jes cmma dreluehhy mrglmlcmieusm gb tjm usm gb kealetgry,cnalnad ercntretnga. Gaim usml es ekmtjgl bgr cusnamssms tg sghvm tjmnr lns-putms, ercntretnga edrmmkmats jevm agwbgual tjmnr wey natg mkphgykmat,iga-sukmr, breaijnsm,eal kmlnieh igatreits.

\jm Bmlmreh Ercntretnga Eit (BEE) wesmaeitml es ea ehtmraetnvm tg rmsghvm lns-putms cmtwmma cusnamssms ga mqueh

bggtnad. \gley, ercntretnga ns cmnadbgriml ga igasukmrs. Intnad nt es eijmepmr, nabgrkeh, mxpmlntml prgimss,tjmsm igatreits gb eljmsnga hmevm iga-sukmrs, mkphgymms, eal skehh cusn-amssms et e lnstnait lnselveatedm.\jnshmdnshetnga wguhl rmtura tjm BEE tgnts grndnaeh natmatnga eal te`m gutigasukmr, kmlnieh, breaijnsm, ealmkphgykmat edrmmkmats brgk tjmsm

prm-lnsputm edrmmkmats. Kealetgry,cnalnad ercntretnga dnvms gahy gam snlmtjm uppmr jeal eal tjet ns tgtehhyuabenr. \jm Ercntretnga Benramss Eit(EBE) wguhl ehhgw vghuatery ercntre-tnga wjnhm prmsmrvnad tjm rndjt tg trnehcy fury.\jm cnhh wguhl prgjncnt e pgw-mrbuh igrpgretnga brgk bgrinad e iga-sukmr natg e rnddml kealetgry

ercntretnga systmk.

RNNN.

_SGL]I\

HNECNHN\^ ]_LE\M

G]SBNSKNYJEALHNADÊKEJESJNAGHN\NDE\NGA

Gur bnrk igatnaums tg jealhm invnh

iesms edenast êkeje navghvnad tjmSjnag E\R cmieusm gb tjm leadmrgusprgpmasnty gb tjm vmjnihm tg rghh gvmreal nafurm giiupeats. Na gur jealhnadgb tjmsm iesms, wm jevm hmeramltjrgudj lnsigvmry mbbgrts tjet tjm prna-inpeh madnammrs et êkeje wmrm wmhhewerm tjet tjm Sjnag iguhl tnp, rghhgvmr, eal ieusm smrngus nafurnms. Ynaimtjm ekeje Sjnags matmrml tjm ]antmlYtetms ker`mt na 3??9, gvmr 5??,???jevm cmma sghl. \jm Sjnag jes e

aerrgw trei` wnltj eal e jndj imatmrgb drevnty, wjnij lmirmesms tjmvmjnihms stecnhnty.\jm E\R ns lmsndamlwntj e jmevy, uapellml rghh iedm tjetna rghhgvmrs irmetms ea ellntngaehjezerl eal ke`ms tjm vmjnihm mvmakgrm leadmrgus.

\jm igkpeay igasnlmrml usnad esebmty lggr gr amt lurnad tjm lmsndastedm, cut ekeje amvmr nkphmkmatmlmntjmr wjma lmsndanad eal keaubeitur-nad tjm vmjnihm.Tm jevm ehsg hmeramltjet êkeje benhml tg elmquetmhy tmsttjm Sjnag prngr tg puttnad tjm vmjnihmga tjm ker`mt bgr puchni usm.Tm wmrmsjgi`ml tg hmera tjet tjm igkpeayamvmr mvma tmstml tjm Sjnag tg lmtmr-knam nb nt wguhl rghh gvmr et knl-spmmlturas ga bhet drgual.

Na 3??2,êkeje smat hmttmrs tg Sjnaggwamrs maihgsnad amw weranad hecmhseal lmsirncnad tjm rghhgvmr rns`s. Giiu-peats wmrm weraml tjet na ea mvmat gb

e rghhgvmr, tjmy sjguhl agt stni` tjmnrerks gr hmds gut tjm vmjnihm. Na Eudust3??4, ekeje smat gut agtnims tjet ntwguhl nastehh lggrs eal ellntngaeh pes-smadmr jealjghls ga nts Sjnags keau-beiturml na tjm hest bgur ymers. \jmupdrelms erm evenhechm tg amw gr usmlSjnags eal nastehhml brmm gb ijerdm cy e ekeje lmehmr. \jmsm bmeturms sjguhl

cm rmduher mqunpkmat wjma tjm vmjn-ihms erm keaubeiturml eal sghl.

\jmrm ns ea mbbgrt ergual tjm aetngatg treasbmr eal igasghnletm tjm iesmsbnhml edenast êkeje na bmlmreh igurt bgrtjm purpgsm gb igaluitnad lnsigvmry.\jns mbbgrt jes cmma gppgsml cyaukmrgus _henatnbbs, hewymrs, ekeje,eal verngus rmtenhmr Lmbmaleats. Gurbnrk ns pursunad iesms na cgtj bmlmreheal stetm igurts na e aukcmr gb furnslni-tngas.Nb ygu jevm qumstngas ecgut tjmsm

iesms gr amml nabgrketnga ga tjmSjnag, igateit Ijrns Dhgvmr(Ijrns.DhgvmrOCmeshmyEhhma.igk) grKn`m Ealrmws (Kn`m.EalrmwsOCmeshmyEhhma.igk) na gur bnrk et :??-:>:-3?9


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turms eal pgsml ea ellntngaeh rns`gb nafury na tjm mvmat gb e rghhgvmr.\jns sunt ns gam gb kgrm tjea =?hewsunts edenast Sjnag pmalnad nabmlmreh igurts eirgss tjm iguatry.

Nts ehhmdml na tjm hewsunt tjet tjmLmbmaleats wmrm amdhndmat bgrbenhnad tg mxmrinsm rmesgaechm iermbgr tjm sebmty gb Sjnag giiupeats cyamdhndmathy lmsndanad, keaubeitur-nad, ker mtnad eal smhhnad tjmvmjnihm wntjgut tjm amimssery sebmtybmeturms.Gtjmr ieusms gb eitnga bnhmledenast tjm Lmbmaleats naihulm strnithnecnhnty, crmeij gb mxprmss ealnkphnml werreatnms, breul, igaimeh-kmat, eal knsrmprmsmatetnga. \jmphenatnbb ns smm`nad lekedms bgrkmlnieh mxpmasms, hgst wedms, ealhgss gb meranad iepeinty, pena ealkmateh eadunsj. Ymm nad puantnvm

lekedms, tjm _henatnbb erdums tjmLmbmaleats eitml na e kehningus,weatga,wnhhbuh,breuluhmat eal rmi -hmss keaamr mvnainad suij ea matnrmweat gb ierm es tg rensm tjm prm-sukptnga gb e igasingus nalnbbmr-maim tg tjm igasmqumaims.

E Kersjehh hewymr, Kmhnsse S.Ykntj,wjg ns wntj tjm hew bnrk gb Dnhhnekeal Ykntj, HH_ eal Jgustgahewymrs Sgcmrt M.Ekkgas, Fgja _.Lmvnam, eal Leriy K. Lgudhes gb\jm Ekkgas Hew Bnrk, HH_, ermrmprmsmatnad Ks. Fgyim eal jmrijnhl na tjm hewsunt.


\JM KIIHG]L IEYM

\jm betjmr gb Knijemh HeamKiIhgul, wjg wes `nhhml wjnhm epessmadmr ga e ejeke Sjnag E\R,jes bnhml e hewsunt na e \mxes igurt.Na tjns iesm,tjm Sjnag bhnppml gvmreal healml ga tgp gb tjm yguad

kea.\jm sunt seys tjet tjm Sjnagjes e aerrgw trei` wnltj eal ejndj imatmr gb drevnty, wjnijlmirmesms tjm vmjnihms stecnhnty.\jm ^ekeje Sjnag ns kuij aer-rgwmr tjea kgst vmjnihms na ntsihess, cmnad lmsndaml tg bnt na epni`up trui` cml es e igavmanmaimtg igasukmrs. Yuij igavmanmaimwes eijnmvml tjrgudj lmsndanadtjm vmjnihm wntj e aerrgw trei`

wnltj, drmethy lmirmesnad tjmvmjnihms stecnhnty ijereitmrnstnis.Sgc Ekkgas, e hewymr brgkJgustga, \mxes, ns jealhnad tjnsiesm.

Nb ygu weat kgrm nabgrketnga ga tjnssucfmit igateit Ighm _grtns, Cma Ce`mr,gr Sni` Kgrrnsga na gur _mrsgaeh NafuryYmitnga et :??-:>:-3?9:-3?9


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Nts igatmalml na tjm hewsunt tjet tjmMxphgrmrs rggb wesat strgad magudjtg wntjsteal e rghhgvmr eiinlmat ealtjet tjm vmjnihms smet cmht lnlat wgr`prgpmrhy. \jm eiinlmat rmpgrt stetmltjet tjm hmbt jehb gb tjm Mxphgrmrs rggbwes irusjml nawerl eal tjm matnrm rggbwes cui`hml eal cgwml.Ks.Dgazehmzssmet cmht wes bgual pertnehhy mxtmalml.

\jm :-3?9:-3?9>>, seynad tjet tjm prgchmk

ke`ms nt lnbbniuht tg aevndetm na tndjtspgts. Cut bgr sgkm rmesga AJ\YE seystjns nssum lgms agt rnsm tg tjm hmvmh gb esebmty tjrmet.

]AYEBMB]MHY Y\MKYEALB]MH-BMLBNSMY

Gur bnrk jes jealhml e aukcmr gbiesms gvmr tjm ymers navghvnad bumh-bmlvmjnihm bnrms. Na meij gb gur iesms gamgr kgrm giiupeats wmrm curaml tglmetj na e iresj brgk wjnijecsmattjm bnrmtjmy sjguhl jevm survnvml.Nameij iesm tjm bnrm iekm es e rmsuht gb elmbmitnvm bumh systmk.\jm lmsnda ealpheimkmat gb tjm kgst leadmrgus pertgb e vmjnihm, tjm bumh systmk eal bumhtea`, ns vmry nkpgrteat.\jm tea` ealhnams na tjm systmk kust cm prgpmrhypheiml eal prgtmitml sg es agt tg curst

natg bhekm na e ighhnsnga. Lmsnda madn-ammrs àgw tjet e snadhm dehhga gb desg-hnam mxphglms wntj tjm sekm ekguat gbbgrim es mndjt stni`s gb lyaekntm.\jetke`ms prgpmr lmsnda nkpmretnvm.

Lmspntm tjns igkkga smasm hgdni nt nseherknad tg àgw tjet tjmrm erm knh-hngas gb iers ga gur aetngas jndjweyseal rgels tjet jevm uasebm eal lmbmi-tnvm des tea`s wntj bumh systmks wjnijerm uaechm tg malurm mvma tjm shndjtmstrmer nkpeit ighhnsnga wntjgut curstnad

natg bhekms. \jns wmhh-àgwa kgtgrvmjnihm pjmagkmaga, àgwa es pgst-ighhnsnga bumh-bml bnrms,jes tjm pgtmatnehtg ieusm smvmrm curas, edganznad pena,eal lmetj. Nb keaubeiturmrs lmsnda tjmvmjnihms prgpmrhy, pgst-ighhnsnga bumh-bmlbnrms iea cm evgnlml na keay ighhnsngas.Tm jevm smma tgg keay mxekphms gbuasebm bumh systmks naihulnad6

Bumh tea`s pheiml ga tjm snlm gr natjm rmer wjmrm tjmy iea cm mesnhypuaiturml lurnad e ighhnsnga0

_heinad bumh hnams na pgsntngas wjmrmtjmy iea cm rupturml lurnad e iresj0

\jm usm gb namxpmasnvm eal wme`ketmrnehs tg igaamit tjm bumh tea` tgwjmrm tjm bumh ns nasmrtml natg tjmvmjnihm (tjm bumh bnhhmr ami`) ieusnadtjm twg tg smperetm eal bumh tg pgurgut lurnad e ighhnsnga0eal



18/48

\jm usm gb uasebm ketmrnehs tg keau-beiturm bumh hnams, ieusnad hnams tglmiey gr crme` lurnad e iresj.

Eutgkgcnhm keaubeiturmrs jevm iutigramrs eal igsts cy ijggsnad bumhtea` eal bumh systmk lmsndas tjet wmrmhmss mxpmasnvm. ]asebm lmsndas seirnbnimsebmty bgr igrpgretm prgbnt eal tjet nswrgad. \jmrm jevm cmma sebmr bumhsystmk lmsndas evenhechm bgr ymers, cut eaukcmr gb keaubeiturmrs jevm agtnaigrpgretml tjmsm sebmty kmesurmsnatg tjmnr lmsndas. Nt eppmers tjet tjmkeaubeiturmrs bgual nt kgrm igst mbbmi-tnvm tg lmbmal hewsunts tjea tg lmsndatjm ammlml sebmty nkprgvmkmats natgtjmnr vmjnihms.

\redniehhy, mvmry ymer jualrmls gbnalnvnluehs hgsm tjmnr hnvms na bumh-bmlbnrms eal mxphgsngas. Jgwmvmr, nbsgkmgam survnvms ea mxphgsnga eal tjm

masunad bnrm ieusml cy ea uasebm bumhsystmk, tjmy wnhh hn`mhy subbmr brgksmvmrm, lnsechnad eal lnsbndurnadtjmrkeh tjnrl-lmdrmm curas.Es e rmsuhtgb beuhty bumh systmks eal ammlhmss sub-bmrnad brgk cura nafurnms, nt ns iruinehtjet igkpeanms cm jmhl eiiguatechm bgrtjm lmbmitnvm prgluits tjmy smhh. Nb yguweat kgrm nabgrketnga ga tjns sucfmitigateit Drmd Ehhma, Ighm _grtns, gr CmaCe`mr na gur _mrsgaeh Nafury Ymitnga et:??-:>:-3?9>?snaihulnad, bgr pghnim iers stertnad na3??3, ellnad bnvm sjnmhls lmsndaml tgrmluim tjm ijeaims tjet tjm bumh tea`wguhl cm rupturml cy verngus cghts,crei`mts eal streps.

Cmdnaanad na 3??=,Bgrl ehsg gbbmrml,es ea gptnga, e bnrm supprmssnga nt tjeteutgketniehhy spreys bgek na e iresjeal iea cm eitnvetml keauehhy cy epghnim gbbnimr. Na 3??> irunsmrs, tjmsystmk jes e igst gb $9,=,eiigrlnadtg Bgrl.\jm Irgwa Rnitgrne ns tjm kgstpgpuher ier evenhechm wntj pghnim pmr-bgrkeaim pei`edms, eiiguatnad bgrecgut :=% gb sehms tg hew mabgrimkmat._ghnim eal invnhnea vmrsngas gb tjmIrgwa Rnitgrne iekm ualmr irntninsk na

3??2 brgk tjm prnvetm Nasureaim Nastn-tutm bgr Jndjwey Yebmty bgr wjet ntiehhml kerdnaeh prgtmitnga gb tjmlrnvmr na snlm nkpeits, mvma wjmamqunppml wntj snlm-nkpeit enrceds.

Eiinlmats iea trnddmr mxphgsngas na eaukcmr gb weys, mspminehhy na jndj-spmml iresjms. Iers igatena bhekkechmketmrnehs, naihulnad desghnam, gnh ealgtjmr igkcustnchms,sg hme`s brgk rup-turml bumh hnams iea ndantm quni`hy.Irntnis gb tjm Bgrl Irgwa Rnitgrne usmlcy pghnim lmpertkmats sey nts bumh tea`

ns hgietml wntjna nts irusj zgam, tjmerme tjet ecsgrcs tjm mamrdy gb e smvmrmnkpeit.Yuij ea nkpeit iea rupturm tjmtea` eal ieusm ea mxphgsnga.

Ygurim6 Aetngaeh Jndjwey \rebbni Yebmty Elknanstre-

tnga0 www.irgwavnitgrnesebmtyehmrt.igk

NZ.

KEYY \GS\Y

]_LE\M

BGYEKEZHN\NDE\NGA]_LE\M

E drmet lmeh jes cmma wrnttma ecgutKmri`s lrud Bgsekex eal nts jmehtjeal sebmty prgchmks. Es prmvngushyrmpgrtml, tjmrm jevm cmma e aukcmr gbBgsekex-rmhetml iesms bnhml ergual tjmiguatry. \jm bnrst Bgsekex trneh nssijmluhml na bmlmreh igurt na Amw ^gr`

Inty bgr Eudust 3??>.\jns wnhh cm tjmbnrst gb tjrmm cmhhwmtjmr iesms trnml natjm KLH. Hewymrs na gur bnrk ermwgr`nad ga smvmreh Bgsekex iesms eswmhh,naihulnad gam smt bgr trneh na Kgat-dgkmry, Eheceke, na tjm behh gb 3??>.Bgsekex usmrs ergual tjm iguatryjevm subbmrml sndanbnieat nafurnms,naihulnad gstmgamirgsns gb tjm few, es e

rmsuht gb usnad Bgsekex. Gstmgamirgsnsgb tjm few, gr GAF, ns e lnsbndurnad eallnsechnad igalntnga gb tjm few cgamwjnij naihulms smvmrm nabmitnga ealrgttnad gb tjm few cgam. Nb ygu jevmqumstngas ecgut Bgsekex, ygu ieaigateit Ijel Igg` (Ijel.Igg`OCmeshmyEhhma.igk) et gur bnrk et :??-:>:-3?9 ga cmjehb gb smvmreh _henatnbbsedenast gam keaubeiturmr, Ytry`mr.Ytry`mr ns gam gb smvmreh pena pukpkeaubeiturmrs wjnij ker`mtml tjm

pukps gbb hecmh rmsuhtnad na iertnhedmlmetj na tjm sjguhlmr fgnat.\jns nafuryiea hmel tg lmvestetnad lekedm tg tjmsjguhlmr fgnat pgtmatnehhy rmsuhtnad naellntngaeh surdmrnms, naihulnad sjguhlmrrmpheimkmat gr busnga.Tm jevm iesmsbnhml ehh gvmr tjm iguatry eal wm ermwgr`nad wntj tjm hewymrs wjg jevm etrneh sijmluhml na _grtheal tg jmhptjmk dmt rmely bgr trneh.Tm jevm e iesmsmt bgr trneh na Cnrknadjek, Eheceke,hetmr tjns ymer. Nb ygu jevm qumstngasecgut pena pukps gr tjm essginetml hntn-detnga, igateit Brea` Tgglsga(Brea`.TgglsgaOCmeshmyEhhma.igk) nagur bnrk et :??-:>:-3?9


19/48

Yjgrthy tjmrmebtmr, Grtjg-KiAmnh-Feassma _jerkeimutniehs, Nai., e suc-snlnery gb Fgjasga & Fgjasga,rmiehhmltwg hgts gb nts _rnIere =? kd/jr Lure-dmsni pena petijms. Gam gb tjm hgts wessghl cy _rnIere eal tjm gtjmr hgt wessghl cy Yealgz, Nai., na tjm ]antmlYtetms.Grtjg-KiAmnh-Feasmma eaaguaimltjet nt wes rmiehhnad tjm petijms

cmieusm tjmy wmrm lmbmitnvm eal iguhlmxpgsm tjm usmrs tg ea mximss gb tjmbmateayh dmh nasnlm tjm petijms. \jmrmsuht gb tjm mximss mxpgsurm iguhlrmsuht na lmetj gr gtjmr smrngus nafurnms.

\jm igkpeay nlmatnbnml tjm lmbmit,cut senl tjm prgchmk jes cmma igr-rmitml.\jm igkpeay senl tjm igalntngarmsuhtml na e iut-systmk lmbmit na eskehh aukcmr gb ebbmitml petijms natjm hgts cmnad rmiehhml.EHVE Igrpgre-tnga gb Kguatena Rnmw IE,ea ebbnhnetm gb

_rnIere, keaubeiturml tjm petijmscmnad rmiehhml. \jm petijms cmnadrmiehhml key jevm e iut ehgad gam snlmgb tjm lrud rmsmrvgnr.\jm rmsuht ns pgssn-chm rmhmesm gb bmateayh dmh brgk tjm dmhrmsmrvgnr natg tjm pguij na wjnij tjmpetij ns pei`edml,mxpgsnad petnmats griermdnvmrs lnrmithy tg tjm bmateayh dmh.

Lmspntm tjm ihenk gb tjns cmnad ea nsg-hetml lmbmit, tjns prgluit jes prgvma tgcm leadmrgus bgr sgkm tnkm.\jm igk-peanms wjnij jevm keaubeiturml ealsghl tjns prgluit jevm jel prmvngus

rmiehhs gb tjm prgluit. Na 3??2,tjm BLEeaaguaiml tjet Bmateayh pena petijmsiguhl cm usml cy tjgsm pmrsgas wjgmxpmrnmaiml ijrgani pena eal wjg jelcmma te`nad pena kmlnietngas bgr e hgadpmrngl gb tnkm.\jm petijms erm epphnmllnrmithy tg tjm s`na eal erm lmsndaml tgrmhmesm bmateayh, e strgad gpnetm eaeh-dmsni. \jm prgchmks ernsm wjma tjmpena petijms erm iut gr tgra eal rmhmesmea mximss ekguat gb bmateayh natg tjmchggl strmek. Nb ygu amml kgrm nabgr-

ketnga ga tjns sucfmit, igateit CmaHgi`her na gur bnrk et :??-:>:-3?92> eal ns jmelquertmrml

na Yeate Cercere, IE. Nt jes prnainpehhybgiusml ga prgluits bgr igskmtnisurdmry,cut cmtwmma 3??9 eal 3??2,ntsagw lnsigatnauml ]rghgdy Lnvnsngaker`mtml Gctepm na tjm ]antml Ytetms.\jm kmsj tepm wes lmsndaml es e surdn-ieh trmetkmat bgr strmss urnaery naigatn-amaim (prnkernhy e wgkmas jmehtjnssum) wjnij ebbmits epprgxnketmhy 5:-3?9


20/48

lnedagsml wntj crmest ieaimr meij ymercmbgrm 3??3.Tm jevm smma tjet aukcmrlrgp tg hmss tjea 5>?,??? meij ymereal rmkena hgwmr tjrgudj 3??=.Tjnhmkeay lgitgrs stnhh jghl tjm pgsntngatjet jgrkgams usml lurnad kmagpeusmerm sebm, tjmy rmigkkmal tjet wgkmasjguhl te`m tjmsm lruds bgr es bmwymers es pgssnchm eal et tjm hgwmst

mbbmitnvm lgsm eal gahy nb tjmy ermmxpmrnmainad smvmrm kmagpeusm sykp-tgks tjet sndanbnieathy ebbmit tjmnrquehnty gb hnbm.

Ygurim6 ]YE \gleyeal Tehh Ytrmmt Fguraeh

\JSMMLME\JYEYYGINE\MLTN\JDMAMA\MIJ_YGSNEYNYLS]D

Eiigrlnad tg \jm Bggl eal LrudElknanstretnga, tjrmm petnmats te`nad eDmamatmij psgrnesns lrud jevm lnml gb

e rerm crena nabmitnga, e `agwa rns`wntj tjm s`na-ihmernad trmetkmat. \jmBLE igabnrkml tjrmm iesms eal e pgssn-chm bgurtj gb prgdrmssnvm kuhtnbgiehhmu`gmaimpjehgpetjy (_KH), wjnijieusms swmhhnad gb tjm crena eal nsusuehhy beteh. \jm petnmats jel cmmate`nad Dmamatmijs gaim-e-wmm` nafmi-tnga Septnve, wjnij ns usml tg trmet rml,siehy s`na ieusml cy psgrnesns.

Na Gitgcmr, tjm BLE ellml nts kgstsmrngus weranad tg Septnve.\jns iekm

ebtmr e 4?-ymer-ghl petnmat lnml brgk_KH wjnhm te nad tjm lrud.\jm edmaiystrmssml na e stetmkmat pgstml tg ntswmcsntm tjet petnmats sjguhl cm ewermgb tjm sykptgks gb tjm nabmitnga,wjnij naihulm wme`amss, churrml vnsngaeal lnbbniuhty spme`nad.\jm BLE seyslgitgrs sjguhl hn`mwnsm kgantgrpetnmats te`nad tjm lrud bgr tjmsm sndas._KH ns typniehhy smma na petnmats wntjwme`maml nkkuam systmks, eal prmvn-gushy jes cmma rmpgrtml na petnmatste`nad Sntuxea,e chgi`custmr ertjrntnseal ieaimr lrud ker`mtml cy Dmama-tmij (LAE) eal Cngdma Nlmi.

Ygurim6 Essginetml _rmsseal ]YE \gley

\ENA\MLY SNADMY@NHHMLBNRM_MG_HM

E Agrtj Ierghnae igkpeay jes cmmaeiiusml gb cypessnad stmrnhnzetnga tmstsbgr kmlnieh syrnadms na e igst-iuttnad

kgvm._rgsmiutgrs sey tjns jes sni`mamljualrmls gb petnmats eal hml tg bnvmlmetjs. Eiigrlnad tg ].Y. EttgramyDmgrdm Jghlnad, bmlmreh eutjgrntnmsjevm heuaijml ea natmraetngaeh smerijbgr tjm mxmiutnvm ijerdml wntj rusjnadsjnpkmats gb ceitmrne-igateknaetmlsyrnadms brgk ea EK3_E\ Nai. pheat.\wg bgrkmr pheat wgr`mrs wjg prg-

vnlml prgsmiutgrs lmtenhs ecgut tjmpheats gpmretngas jevm phmelml dunhtybgr tjmnr rghms na sjnppnad tenatmlsyrnadms. \jm syrnadms igatenamljmperna,e chggl tjnaamr, eal sehnam, ealwmrm rmiehhml na Lmimkcmr 3??4 ebtmrea gutcrme` gb nhhamssms. Jmehtj naspmi-tgrs nlmatnbnml ceitmrneh nabmitngas naIghgrelg, \mxes, Nhhnagns eal Bhgrnle.Jmperna eal sehnam erm usml tg bhusjnatrevmagus hnams lurnad ieaimr trmet-kmats, `nlamy lnehysns eal gtjmr prgim-

lurms.\jm igkpeay sghl amerhy $4 knhhngawgrtj gb jmperna eal sehnam syrnadms na3??2-?4. _rgsmiutgrs senl tjm beinhnty naEadnmr, ecgut 3? knhms sgutj gb Sehmndj,A.I., iut igramrs eal benhml tg bghhgwruhms bgr ijmi`nad stmrnhnty. \jmy ehsgsenl keaubeiturnad letms wmrm behsnbnmltg ke`m nt eppmer tjet sebmduerls wmrmbghhgwml.\jm sijmkm hml tg ceitmrnehnabmitngas na 3?? tg 9?? petnmatsergual tjm iguatry, sgkm gb tjmkrmsuhtnad na spnaeh kmanadntns eal pmr-

keamat crena lekedm, eiigrlnad tg tjmprgsmiutgrs.\jm ].Y.Ettgramy jel tjnstg sey6

Gam gb tjm wgrst tjnads ecgut tjnsiesm ns tjet tjm pmgphm wjg wmrmte`nad sehnam eal jmperna, tjmyrmusuehhy sni` ehrmely gr jevm sgkm lmcnh-ntetnvm nhhamss eal amml tjmsm kmln-inams tg try tg dmt wmhh. Ygkmtnkms ntsjerl tg lmtmrknam wjmtjmr tjmy wmrm`nhhml brgk tjm tenatml jmperna grwjmtjmr nt wes tjm grndnaeh nhhamss. Na

eay mvmat, wmrm agt echm tg sey eaykgrm tjea bnvm.

\jm pheat keaedmr,Eanrullje _etmh,eal tjm quehnty igatrgh lnrmitgr, Sevna-lre @uker Yjerke, jevm cmma sma-tmaiml tg bgur eal e jehb ymers naprnsga bgr breul eal ehhgwnad tenatmllruds natg tjm ker`mtpheim.\jm IMG gbtjm igkpeay jes hmbt tjm iguatry.


Z.

C]YNAMYY

HN\NDE\NGA

SGJK& JEEYBNHMYY]N\EDENAY\LGT

Sgjk eal Jees jes bnhml e hewsuntedenast Lgw Ijmknieh bgr Lgws benhnadtg igasukketm ea $5:.: cnhhngate`mgvmr. _jnhelmhpjne-cesml Sgjk ealJees ihenks tjet Lgw Ijmknieh jelcei`ml gut gb nts te`mgvmr phea, lmspntmgctenanad ehh rmqunrml epprgvehs. Na Fuhy,Lgw senl tjet nt wguhl cuy Sgjk ealJees bgr $4: e sjerm tg mxpeal nts rmhe-tnvmhy jndj-kerdna spminehty-ijmkniehscusnamss eal mxpeal nts dhgceh bggt-prnat. Lgw jel edrmml tg ecsgrc $9.=cnhhnga gb Sgjk & Jeess lmct es e pertgb tjm lmeh.

Lgw wes rmqunrml tg ihgsm tjm lmehwntjna twg cusnamss leys gb tjm bnaehrmduhetgry epprgveh, wjnij giiurrmlga Feauery 39, 3??>. _rngr tg tjmepprgveh, Lgw iguhl jevm penl e $4=?knhhnga crme`-up bmm tg dmt gut gb tjmlmeh, cut tjet ag hgadmr rmkenas eagptnga. Sgjk eal Jees hewsunt ns eambbgrt tg bgrim Lgw natg ihgsnad tjmlmeh. \jm erreadmkmat stertml tg behhepert na Lmimkcmr wjma Lgws fgnatvmaturm wntj tjm @uwentn dgvmrakmat

wmat cel.\jm @uwent lmeh wes kmeat tgbnaeaim pert gb tjm eiqunsntnga gbSgjk eal Jees.\jm @uwentn dgvmra-kmat lminlml tg ieaimh tjm $54.=? eal 5>:9.\jguseals gb pmgphm igatmal tjmywmrm nafurml cy mxpgsurm tg tjgsmprgluits. Hncmrty Kutueh penl $5


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prgimss, iea cm kgst lnbbniuht. \jmNasureaim Lmpertkmat prmperml tjmbghhgwnad nabgrketnga tg jmhp pmgphmna tjm bnhnad gb ihenks6

Gctena smvmreh igpnms gb tjm lmetjimrtnbnietm.\jns ns tjm stealerl lgiu-kmatetnga rmqunrml bgr bnhnad e hnbmnasureaim ihenk.

Igateit ygur hnbm nasureaim edmat.\jm edmat wjg sghl tjm pghniy ieajmhp bnhh gut amimssery bgrks eal eites ea natmrkmlnery wntj tjm nasur-eaim igkpeay. Jgwmvmr, nb ygu lgagt `agw tjm aekm gb tjm hgvmlgams edmat, igateit tjm hnbm nasur-eaim igkpeay lnrmithy.

Na tjm iesm gb e drgup hnbm nasureaimpghniy,suij es igvmredm gbbmrml cy eamkphgymr, bnrst igateit tjm drgupphea spgasgr gr tjm jukea rmsgurimsgbbnim lnrmithy. Nb ygu erm uaechm tgigateit tjm mkphgymr, ygu keyigateit tjm hnbm nasureaim igkpeaylnrmithy.

Yucknt e imrtnbnml igpy gb tjm lmetjimrtnbnietm brgk tjm buamreh lnrmitgrwntj tjm pghniy ihenk.

Nb e ihenk ns cmnad bnhml lurnad tjmigatmstecnhnty pmrngltjet ns, wntjnatjm bnrst twg (3) ymers gb tjm mbbmitnvmletm gb igvmredmtjmrm key cm e

lmhey na tjm smtthmkmat cmieusm tjmigkpeay jes tjm rndjt tg navmstndetm.\jm igkpeay wnhh igateit kmlniehprgvnlmrs tg vmrnby tjm ieusm gb lmetjwes agt prm-mxnstnad.

Na Gjng, igkpeanms erm rmqunrml cystetutm tg pey natmrmst ga tjm lmetjprgimmls,brgk tjm letm gb lmetj.

Gjngeas wntj qumstngas ecgut hnbmnasureaim iea iehh tjm Lmpertkmatstghh-brmm igasukmr jgthnam et 5-:??-2:2-

5=32. E hnbm nasureaim nabgrketngaehtggh`nt ns ehsg evenhechm ga tjm Lmpert-kmats wmc sntm et www.gjngnasureaim.dgv. \jm tggh`nt prgvnlms tnp sjmmts,puchnietngas eal hna`s tg gtjmr jmhpbuhwmcsntms.Tjnhm tjm rmigkkmaletngaseal tjm tggh`nt epphy tg Gjng, tjmelvnim eal rmigkkmaletngas erm imr-tenahy dggl bgr bgh`s na ehh stetms.

Ygurim6 Gjng.dgvLmpertkmat gb Nasureaim

ZNN.

_SMLE\GS^

HMALNAD

KGS\DEDMEALSMBNAEAIMYIEKYJERMNAISMEYMLTN\J\JMCELMIGAGK^

Tntj ehh tjm teh` gb kgrtdedm irnsmsbnhhnad tjm enr wevms, knhhngas gb jgkm-gwamrs wjg erm na lmspmretm amml gbrmhnmb erm smerijnad weys tg kglnby tjmnrmxnstnad kgrtdedm gchndetngas.\jm kgstrmimat stnkuhus pei`edm pessml cy Iga-drmss eal sndaml cy _rmsnlmat Gcekermigdanzms tjm amml bgr jgkmgwamrrmhnmb eal jes mstechnsjml verngus prg-dreks tg enl tjgsm tjet amml nt kgst.]abgrtuaetmhy, tjns aetngawnlm prmlnie-kmat jes prgvnlml e crmmlnad drgualbgr igkpeanms cnh`nad lnstrmssml jgkm-

gwamrs bgr tjguseals gb lghhers na bmmsbgr smrvnims tjet erm gbtma evenhechm bgrbrmm. Tgrsm ymt, keay siek ertnstssnkphy lnseppmer ebtmr ighhmitnad tjmnrupbrgat bmms brgk jgkmgwamrs lmspmr-etm tg prmvmat bgrmihgsurm.

Na e rmimat Tesjnadtga _gstertnihm,tjm pepmr agtml tjet tjm kgrtdedmkmhtlgwa jes dnvma cnrtj tg ea mxphg-snga gb igkpeanms ijerdnad tjgusealsbgr hgea kglnbnietnga smrvnims tjet aga-prgbnts gbbmr bgr brmm. Bmlmreh hew lgms

agt prgjncnt igkpeanms brgk ijerdnadbgr hgea kglnbnietnga smrvnims. Nastmel,e kyrnel amtwgr` gb realgk stetm ealhgieh hews dgvmra tjns nasnlngus prei-tnim. Keay stetms rmqunrm igkpeanmsgbbmrnad hgea kglnbnietnga smrvnims tgjevm hnimasms. Jgwmvmr, tjns lgms agtkmea tjet mvmry cusnamss gpmretnad guttjmrm lgms, na beit, jevm e hnimasm. Nb yguerm lmehnad wntj e igkpeay tjet ygu lgagt jevm ea mxnstnad rmhetngasjnp wntj,ygu key weat tg es` tjmk bgr tjmnrhnimasm aukcmr. \jma, iehh eal ijmi`

tjmk gut wntj ygur Ytetm Cea`nadLmpertkmat tg smm nb tjmy erm hmdntn-ketm gr jevm jel eay igkphenats bnhmledenast tjmk.

\g pey tjguseals gb lghhers up-brgatbgr smrvnims tjet erm evenhechm bgr brmm ns`ni`nad tjm kgst ammly jgkmgwamrswjnhm tjmy erm lgwa. E hmss gcvngusigst gb tjmsm sieks ns tjm tnkm hgst nbtjm hgea kglnbnietnga smrvnim amvmr

errnvms. \jm hgwmst bgrk gb kgrtdedmkglnbnietnga siek ertnst snkphy lnsep-pmers ebtmr rmimnvnad jns upbrgat bmm.Tjnhm tjm jgkmgwamr wents bgr prgk-nsml essnsteaim, lmhnaqumaiy agtnims`mmp igknad.Tgrsm ymt, tjm vehum gbtjm jgkm igatnaums tg phukkmt wjnhmtjm jgkmgwamr wents.

\jmsm jui`stmrs prmvmat lnstrmssml

jgkmgwamrs brgk smm`nad jmhp wjmrmtjmy kndjt eituehhy bnal nt. Jgpm bgrjgkmgwamrs smm`nad tg prmvmat bgrm-ihgsurm kgst rmelnhy igkms mntjmrtjrgudj lnrmit eal merhy igateit wntjtjm hmalmr gr tjrgudj aga-prgbnt smrv-nims tjet jmhp jgkmgwamrs amdgtnetmwntj tjmnr hmalmrs.\jm ].Y.Lmpertkmatgb Jgusnad eal ]rcea Lmvmhgpkmatiurrmathy spgasgrs gvmr 3,9?? aga-prgbnt imrtnbnml jgusnad iguasmhnadedmainms ergual tjm iguatry. Nb ygu

amml kgrm nabgrketnga ga tjns sucfmit,ygu iea igateit Sgkea Yjeuh et gurbnrk (Sgkea.YjeuhOCmeshmyEhhma.igkgr :??-:>:-3?9


24/48


25/48

cmieusm nt wes rmhmveat tg jns meranadiepeinty. \maamssmm ns e igkperetnvmbeuht stetm eal tjm furgrs essndaml 3?%beuht tg tjm lmimlmat. ]abgrtuaetmhy,tjmrm erm e hgt gb lmbmitnvm duerlrenhiesms gut tjmrm. Cg Cruamr, e Cnrknad-jek hewymr, ehgad wntj IjerkenamAnijghs, wjg ns wntj Ynl Dnhrmetjs hewbnrk na @agxvnhhm,trnml tjm iesm eal lnl

e vmry dggl fgc.

F]S^ETESLY$3.> KNHHNGAEDENAY\JGKMLM_G\

E Lmhewerm fury jes ewerlml $3.>knhhnga tg e smhb-mkphgyml igatreitgrwjg wes nafurml et e Jgkm Lmpgtstgrm wjma e stei` gb 5: wgglma lggrsbmhh brgk e sjmhb ecgvm jnk.\jnrty-twg-ymer-ghl Sgaehl _eyam wes nafurml na3??5 et tjm Jgkm Lmpgt stgrm na Ijrns-

tneae, Lmhewerm. _eyam wjg jel twggpmretngas ga jns cei , ns stnhh jevnadprgchmks eal ieat wgr . Jm subbmrsbrgk lmprmssnga, jes hgst jns jgkm tgbgrmihgsurm eal ns agw smperetml brgkjns wnbm. Natmrmstnadhy, tjm fury ewerlwes tjrmm tnkms herdmr tjea tjm ekguatsuddmstml cy tjm keas hewymr. Jm wesrmprmsmatml cy Fekms Jehh, e hewymr naTnhknadtga, Lmhewerm, wjg lnl e vmrydggl fgc.


BEKNH^YM\\HMYHETY]N\NALME\JGB\MMAEDMS

\jm beknhy gb e Tnsigasna tmmaedmrwjg wes `nhhml ga e 3??4 ekusmkmatper` rnlm jes smtthml nts hewsunt edenasttjm gpmretgrs. Mhnzecmtj Kgjh, 52,lnmlga Fuhy 5??,???.Ebtmr smvmreh kgatjs, tjm jgkmgwamrshmeraml tjet Lrmms jel agt ehhgwml tjmjgusms brekm tg lry cmbgrm nastehhnadlrywehh,irmetnad tjm pmrbmit igalntngasrmqunrml bgr kghl tg tjrnvm ehh gvmr tjmjgusm.\jm jgkmgwamrs usml e jgkm

tmstnad `nt bgr kghl eal relga ealtjets jgw tjmy bgual gut wjet wesieusnad tjmnr prgchmks. \mst sekphmswmrm smat tg e hec, wjnij rmpgrtmlbnalnad uausueh kghl igalntngas.\jmiguphm tjma jnrml prgbmssngaehs tgrmpmet tjm tmsts eal tjmy dgt sekmrmsuhts.Lrmms wes nabgrkml,eal na Bmc-ruery 3??4, tjm igkpeay jnrml e iga-treitgr tg lg ea naspmitnga. \jmnaspmitnga turaml up kghl, eal tjm

igatreitgr kelm rmigkkmaletngas bgrrmkgvnad nt.

Ijna Y.^ead, e kyighgdnst wjg tmstn-bnml es ea mxpmrt wntamss na tjm trneh,senl tjet kghl drgws na jgusms wjmamximssnvm kgnsturm ns prmsmat eal tjettjm prgchmk cmiekm kgrm igkkgaebtmr lrywehh herdmhy rmpheiml phestmr najgkm igastruitnga.Jm senl tjm pepmr

na lrywehh igatenas suder pghykmrstjet iea smrvm es bggl bgr grdeansks.\jm _henatnbbs stnhh gwa tjm jgusm, cutsey nt wguhl igst tjmk ecgut $


26/48

wjet igatrgh eal gwamrsjnp igaami-tnga tjm rmsgrt jel wntj Yuarnldm Iga-lgknanuk Essginetnga. \jm bnrmgiiurrml na Yuarnldm Igalgknanuks na\jm Rnhhedms et Ymvma Yprnads. Lnsigv-mry na tjm iesm wnhh lmtmrknam nb elln-tngaeh Lmbmaleats wnhh cm ellml.

Yuarnldm Igalgknanuk Essginetngawes ewerm gb igaimras wntj tjm

ijnkamy cmieusm gb e 5>>9 bnrm et tjmigalgs, wjnij wes e rmsuht gb nkprgpmrlmsnda eal nastehhetnga gb e bnrmpheim,eiigrlnad tg ehhmdetngas na tjm sunt. Ntsehhmdml tjet tjm igkpeay benhml tg weratjet tjm bnrmpheim ijnkamy ijesmweyswmrm igastruitml wntj e bnrm rmsnsteaimretnad gb zmrg.

\jm ijnkamy ihmeanad igkpeay iga-treitml tg ihmea tjm ijnkamys et tjmrmsgrt,cut gbbninehs benhml tg tmhh tjm iga-lgknanuk essginetnga eal tjm gwamr

tjet tjm ijnkamy jel e herdm ekguat gbirmgsgtm wjnij ieusml ea nairmesmlbnrm rns`. Es ygu prgcechy àgw, irm-gsgtm ns e igrrgsnvm sucsteaim bgrkmllurnad tjm wggl-curanad prgimss tjetcunhls up na ijnkamys. Nts ehhmdml natjm sunt tjet Kefmstni, e bnrmpheim keau-beiturmr, benhml tg agtnby igalg gwamrseal tjm essginetnga tjet tjm bnrmpheimwes naelmquetm eal nkprgpmr bgr tjmnatmalml usm.

Ebtmr tjmnr sgas lmetj, tjm Kurtsirmetml tjm Fgaetjea K.Kurt CRE-TR]

Kmkgrneh Yijghersjnp,wjnij prgvnlmsessnsteaim bgr e Cmhhm Rmraga-erme jndjsijggh dreluetm ettmalnad Tmst Rnrdnane]anvmrsnty. Fgaetjea Kurt wes e drelu-etm gb Tmst Rnrdnane ]anvmrsnty wntj elmdrmm na madnammrnad eal jel e dgglfgc. Jm lnml e tredni lmetj. \jm _ntts-curdj hew bnrk Tnh`ms & KiJudj nsjealhnad tjm iesm bgr tjm beknhy.

Ygurim6 Lenhy Ekmrniea

JGKMGTAMSYM\\HMYIHENKESNYNADBSGKEA]ALMSEDMLSNA@NAD_ES\^

E jgkmgwamr na He`m Bgrmst, Gjng,jes smtthml e ihenk bgr $3.= knhhnga tjetsjguhl dmt tjm ettmatnga gb permats naehh stetms. E hewsunt wes crgudjt cy eyguad kea wjg wes perehyzml na eiresj tjet giiurrml ebtmr ea ualmredmlrna`nad perty na tjm wgkeasjgkm.\jm wgkeas tmmaedm leudjtmrs

jgstml tjm perty.\jm _henatnbb, wjg na3??2 wes e 5>-ymer-ghl, wmat tg tjmjgkm wntj ea 5:-ymer-ghl brnmal.Tjnhmvnsntnad tjm leudjtmrs, tjmy ehh lrea`cmmr na tjm dnrhscmlrggk.\jm 5:-ymer-ghl wes natgxnietml wjma jm lrgvmjgkm eal es e rmsuht hgst igatrgh gb jnsier.\jm _henatnbb, e pessmadmr, wes smrn-gushy nafurml eal wes hmbt perehyzml.

\jm jgkmgwamr na tjns iesm lnlatcuy tjm ehigjgh bgr tjm tmmas gr àgwtjmy wmrm lrna`nad na jmr jgkm. Cuttjm jgkmgwamr sjguhl jevm kgantgrmltjm tmmas eal suspmitml tjmy wmrmlrna`nad,mspminehhy cmieusm tjm leudj-tmrs jel cmma ieudjt lrna`nad cmbgrm.\jm wgkeas jgkmgwamrs nasureaimwnhh pey tjm $3.= knhhnga smtthmkmat.Ehewsunt edenast tjm lrua` lrnvmr wessijmluhml tg stert tjns kgatj.

Ygurim6 Ijniedg \rncuam

ES@EAYEYF]SÊTESLYTGKEA$9KNHHNGANA_GGHNAF]S^Y]N\

E fury na Erèases jes ewerlml e Kns-snssnppn wgkea $9 knhhnga na e hewsuntgvmr nafurnms sjm subbmrml na e amer-lrgwanad et e Jgt Yprnads jgtmh na3??2.\jm fury ewerl wes bgr LmkmtrnieUumate Yigtt na tjm hewsunt edenast tjmSglmwey Naa.\jm jgtmh wes eiiusml gbnkprgpmrhy kenatenanad nts pggh. Nt

eppmers tjm wetmr wes ihgulyga Fuhy9,3??2, tjm ley tjm _henatnbb lgvm na ealiguhlat ke`m jmr wey tg tjm surbeim.Ymvmreh pmgphm lgvm natg tjm pgghtrynad tg bnal Ks. Yigtt, cut ag gamiguhl smm jmr cmieusm gb tjm turcnlntygb tjm wetmr. Gtjmrs usml tjm sjmp-jmrls jgg` et tjm pggh es e prgcm, cutstnhh iguhl agt hgietm jmr. Bnaehhy, epmrsga wes echm tg bnal Ks. Yigtt ealcrgudjt jmr tg tjm surbeim.Ks.Yigtt sub-bmrml smrngus crena lekedm eal agw ns ermsnlmat na e Knssnssnppn aursnad jgkm.


ZNR.

TGS@_HEIM

JEVESLY

HETY]N\GRMS_HE^MSYLME\JYM\\HMLTN\JABH

\jm wnlgw gb Knaamsgte Rn`nadshnamkea @grmy Ytrnadmr jes rmeijml esmtthmkmat wntj tjm Aetngaeh BggtcehhHmedum gvmr jns jmetstrg`m lmetj lurnadtrenanad iekp na 3??5. ]almr ea edrmm-kmat wntj @mhin Ytrnadmr, tjm ABH wnhhsuppgrt jmr mbbgrts tg irmetm e jmetnhhamss prmvmatnga prgdrek. Ag gtjmrtmrks gb tjm smtthmkmat jevm cmmaeaaguaiml. @mhin Ytrnadmr jel bnhml ewrgadbuh lmetj hewsunt edenast tjmhmedum, ihenknad tjm ABH jelat lgammagudj tg masurm tjet mqunpkmat usml

cy pheymrs prgtmitml tjmk brgk nafurnmsgr lmetjs ieusml cy jmet-rmhetml nhh-amssms.Eiigrlnad tg ea ABH spg`mskea,tjm jmet nhhamss prmvmatnga prgdrek wnhhcm bgr ijnhlrma eal ghlmr etjhmtms.

E smperetm hewsunt edenast mqunp-kmat ke`mr Snllmhh Nai. ns stnhh pmalnadna bmlmreh igurt na Ighukcus, Gjng. Ntwes ehhmdml na tjm hewsunt tjet Snllmhhbenhs tg wera pheymrs eal igeijms tjetwmernad nts jmhkmts eal sjguhlmr pelsna jgt tmkpmreturms iea cm leadmrgus.

@grmy Ytrnadmr, e 34-ymer-ghl, 99=-pgual hnamkea, lnml brgk jmetstrg`mga Fuhy 95,3??5,lurnad tjm smigal leygb prm-smesga trenanad iekp. Jm prei-tniml na tjm mxtrmkm jmet eal juknl-nty, wjnij pusjml jns cglytmkpmreturm tg 5?:.: lmdrmms. CgtjYtrnadmr eal jns wnbm ettmalml ighhmdmet Gjng Ytetm. Ytrnadmr hmbt bgr tjm ABHna 5>>= ebtmr jns fuangr smesga.


IG]S\S]HMYBGSTGS@MSNAESM\EHNE\NGAIEYM

\jm ].Y. Yuprmkm Igurt jes ruhmltjet wgr`mrs wjg iggpmretm wntj tjmnrmkphgymrs natmraeh navmstndetngas gblnsirnknaetnga ieat cm bnrml na rmtehne-tnga bgr nkphnietnad ighhmedums gr supm-rngrs. \jm fustnims wntjgut e lnssmatjmhl tjet e hgadtnkm sijggh systmkmkphgymm na \maamssmm iea pursum e

32 www.CmeshmyEhhma.igk


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invnh rndjts hewsunt gvmr jmr bnrnad.\jmigurt vgtml tg rmvmrsm tjm 2tj ].Y.Inriunt Igurt gb Eppmehsruhnad tjet tjmeatn-rmtehnetnga prgvnsnga gb \nthm RNN gbtjm 5>2< Invnh Sndjts Eit lgms agtepphy tg mkphgymms wjg kmrmhy iggp-mretm wntj ea natmraeh prgcm retjmrtjea igkphena ga tjmnr gwa gr te`mpert na e bgrkeh navmstndetnga.

\jm Inainaaetn-cesml igurt wesehgam ekgad bmlmreh eppmehs igurts nants aerrgw vnmw gb tjm invnh rndjts hew,wjnij wes ehrmely ualmrstggl tg cerrmtehnetnga edenast pmgphm wjg igk-phenaml ecgut jeresskmat eal gtjmrlnsirnknaetnga. Fustnim Levnl Ygutmrsenl bgr tjm igurt6

\jm qumstnga jmrm ns wjmtjmr tjns

prgtmitnga mxtmals tg ea mkphgymm

wjg spme`s gut ecgut lnsirnknae-

tnga agt ga jmr gwa nantnetnvm,

cut na easwmrnad qumstngaslurnad ea mkphgymrs natmraeh

navmstndetnga.Tm jghl tjet nt lgms.

Rni`y Irewbgrl wes bnrml na 3??9ebtmr kgrm tjea 9? ymers es eamkphgymm gb tjm sijggh systmk bgrAesjvnhhm, \maamssmm, eal LevnlsgaIguaty. Yjm lnl agt bnhm e igkphenatecgut jeresskmat cy e sijggh gbbnineh.Cut wjma sjm wes natmrvnmwml cynavmstndetgrs bgr tjm sijggh systmkwjg wmrm hgg`nad natg gtjmr mkphgy-mms ehhmdetngas edenast tjm lnrmitgr gbmkphgymm rmhetngas, Ks. Irewbgrl senlsjm jel cmma sucfmitml tg uaweatmlsmxueh elveaims. Ks. Irewbgrl rmhetmlspminbni nasteaims gb smxueh elveaimscy e sijggh gbbnineh.

\jm sijggh systmk tgg` ag eitngaedenast tjm kea eal Ks.Irewbgrl wesbnrml kgatjs hetmr. Yjm bnhml e bmlmrehhewsunt, cut nt wes lnsknssml cy ebmlmreh fuldm eal upjmhl ga eppmeh.\jm Cusj Elknanstretnga cei`ml Ks.

Irewbgrl na jmr eppmeh tg tjm ].Y.Yuprmkm Igurt.Eaa Ytmnamr, Ks. Irew-bgrls hewymr, senl tjm ruhnad ns e drmetwna bgr invnh rndjts,ellnad6

Nt kmeas brgk tjns pgnat ga ag

kettmr wjg nastndetms ea navmstn-

detnga gr igavmrsetnga ecgut

jeresskmat, nb sgkmgam igkku-

anietms tjet tjmyvm cmma

jeressml, tjmyhh cm prgtmitml

ualmr tjm rmtehnetnga prgvnsngas.

\jm sijggh systmk eal cusnamssnatmrmsts erduml tjet nb mkphgymms hn`mKs. Irewbgrl erm igvmrml cy \nthm RNNseatn-rmtehnetnga prgvnsngas, mkphgymrswnhh rmbrena brgk heuaijnad natmraehnavmstndetngas.Bgrtuaetmhy, tjm fustnimslnlat cuy tjet erdukmat. Fustnim Ygutmrwrgtm tjet mkphgymrs ehrmely jevmstrgad naimatnvms tg bmrrmt gut lns-irnknaetgry eitnvnty es e wey tg hnknttjmnr hnecnhnty.

\jm invnh r ndjts hews eatn-rmtehnetngasmitnga prgtmits mkphgymms wjg igk-phena ecgut, gr gppgsm, lnsirnknaetnga,es wmhh es tjgsm wjg pertninpetm nabgrkeh navmstndetngas. \jm igurthnkntml nts ruhnad tg tjm gppgsntngaiheusm eal lnl agt pess fuldkmat gawjmtjmr Ks. Irewbgrl ehsg ns prg-tmitml ualmr tjm pertninpetnga iheusm.

\jm sijggh systmk jes senl tjet sjmjel cmma bnrml gvmr nrrmduherntnms najmr fgc es peyrghh iggrlnaetgr. Nt ehsgkelm gtjmr erdukmats lmbmalnad ntsmhbbrgk tjm rmtehnetnga ihenk.\jm iesm nscmnad smat cei` tg tjm eppmehs igurttg igasnlmr tjgsm nssums.

Ygurim6Essginetml _rmss

KMZNIEATGS@MSYBEKNH^IEA\SMIGRMSLEKEDMY

Ea eppmehs igurt na Eheceke jesruhml na e iesm gb bnrst nkprmssnga nagur stetm tjet tjm wgr`mrs igkpmase-tnga hew ieaagt prgvnlm lmetj cmambntstg tjm beknhy gb e Kmxniea wgr`mr`nhhml na ea eiinlmat na Eheceke. \jmrmsuht na tjm iesm wes rmeijml cmieusmtjm beknhy rmsnlml na Kmxnig mvmatjgudj tjm wgr`mr wes `nhhml naEheceke. \jm Eheceke Igurt gb InvnhEppmehs ruhml tjet lmpmalmats hnvnadgutsnlm tjm ]antml Ytetms ieat ighhmit

lmetj cmambnts ualmr tjm EhecekeTgr`mrs Igkpmasetnga Eit, e hewwrnttma na 5>5>. Drmd Levns, e hewymrbgr tjm wgr`mrs beknhy, seys tjm Hmdnshe-turm ammls tg ijeadm tjm hew tg rmbhmitEhecekes kglmra migagky, wntj agtgahy Jnspeani wgr`mrs cut mkphgymmsbrgk keay iguatrnms et bgrmnda-gwamlbeitgrnms na Eheceke.Drmd cmhnmvms,ntslmbnantmhy tnkm bgr ijeadm.

Huns Kertnamz Ynhve wes `nhhml ga Ymp-

tmkcmr 53, 3??9, wjma jm bmhh 9? bmmtbrgk siebbghlnad et e igastruitngaprgfmit na Sgi`bgrl, Eheceke. \jmGiiupetngaeh Yebmty eal Jmehtj Elkna-nstretnga intml twg igkpeanms bgr agtmrmitnad tjm siebbghlnad prgpmrhy ealagt trenanad wgr`mrs. \jm nasureaimigkpeay bgr Ynhves mkphgymr bnhml sunttg lmtmrknam jgw tg jealhm lmetj cma-

mbnts ualmr Ehecekes wgr`mrsigkpma-setnga hew. Ynhve jel matmrml tjmiguatry hmdehhy,cut jns vnse jel mxpnrmlcy tjm tnkm gb jns lmetj.\jet wes agtea nssum na tjm iesm cmieusm Ehecekeswgr`mrs igkpmasetnga hew lgms agtlnbbmrmatnetm,eiigrlnad tg Drmd.

\jm Eppmehs Igurt ruhml tjet Ynhveswnbm eal tjmnr twg ijnhlrma erm agtmatnthml tg lmetj cmambnts cmieusm stetmhew seys cmambnts sjehh gahy cm penl tglmpmalmats wjg hnvml na tjm ]antml

Ytetms et tjm tnkm gb tjm mkphgymmslmetj. Ynhves beknhy hnvms amer KmxnigInty.Ynhves beknhy erduml tjet Ehecekeshew vnghetms tjm mqueh prgtmitnga eallum-prgimss duereatmms gb tjm ]antmlYtetms Igastntutnga. Cut tjm Igurt gbInvnh Eppmehs senl tjm lmpmalmats ieatnavg`m tjgsm igastntutngaeh duereatmmscmieusm tjmy erm agt intnzmas gr rmsn-lmat ehnmas gb tjm ]antml Ytetms.

\jm Eppmehs Igurt agtml tjet igurtsna smvmreh gtjmr stetms jevm wrmsthmlwntj tjns nssum eal kgst, naihulnad

Dmgrdne, jevm upjmhl tjm pgwmr gb tjmstetm hmdnsheturms tg lnstnadunsjcmtwmma rmsnlmat ehnma cmambninernmseal aga-rmsnlmat ehnma cmambninernms nawgr`mrs igkpmasetnga iesms. Nb Ynhvesbeknhy jel wga, tjmy wguhl jevmrmimnvml ecgut twg-tjnrls gb jns wmm`hysehery uatnh tjm ijnhlrma wmrm drgwa,wntj tjm ekguat mximmlnad $5??,???.Bgrtuaetmhy, Ynhves beknhy wnhh agt dgwntjgut igkpmasetnga.\jmy suml tjmprnkery igatreitgr ga tjm igastruitnga

fgc,_mkcmrtga Nai.,eal e fury ewerlmle $9.3 knhhnga vmrlnit. Drmd seys tjetiesm wes sucsmqumathy smtthml bgr ehmssmr ekguat.

Drmd jesat kelm e lminsnga gawjmtjmr tg eppmeh tjm wgr`mrs igk-pmasetnga ihenk tg tjm EhecekeYuprmkm Igurt. Cut jm lnl sey, ntsihmer tjm wgr`mrs igkpmasetnga hewke`ms nt ijmepmr bgr e igkpeay nb ewgr`mr wntj e bgrmnda beknhy lnms ga



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tjm fgc retjmr tjea dmttnad smrngushynafurml cmieusm nafurml wgr`mrs dmtigkpmasetml uatnh tjmy rmigvmr brgktjmnr nafurnms. Nt eppmers tjets vmrytrum ualmr tjm iurrmat hew.


TEH-KES\\G_E^$54.= KNHHNGANAE

SEINEHCNEYYM\\HMKMA\

Teh-Kert Ytgrms Nai., tjm wgrhlsherdmst rmtenhmr, wnhh pey $54.= knhhngatg smtthm e hewsunt ihenknad tjmigkpeay lnsirnknaetml edenast Ebrniea-Ekmrnieas na rmiruntnad eal jnrnadtrui` lrnvmrs.\jm hewsunt wes bnhml na3??< cy Leryeh Amhsga, wjg ihenkmljm wes rmfmitml bgr e trui`-lrnvmr pgsn-tnga cmieusm gb jns reim. Amhsga bnhmljns hewsunt na bmlmreh igurt na Jmhmae,Erèases, ga cmjehb gb ehh chei` epphn-

ieats wjg cmhnmvm tjmy wmrm rmfmitmlgr lmtmrrml brgk epphynad bgr tjmpgsntngas cmieusm gb reim.\jm hewsuntwes dnvma ihess eitnga stetus na Key3??4. Teh-Kerts kgtngas tg lnsknsstjm iesm gr lmimrtnby tjm ihess wmrmlmanml hest kgatj.

]almr tjm smtthmkmat Teh-Kert wnhhprgvnlm prngrnty pheimkmats bgr 39 cheièpphnieats wjg prgvnlm epprgvml ihenkbgrks. \jm rmtenhmr ehsg wnhh jevm tgmstechnsj cmaijker` jnrnad dgehs tg

masurm lnvmrsnty. Hewymrs bgr tjmwgr`mrs eal Teh-Kert jevm es`ml tjmfuldm tg smt e Fuam 9? tj jmernad tg iga-snlmr epprgveh gb tjm smtthmkmat.

Ygurim6 Chggkcmrd.igk

EHECEKEIGK_EAÎN\MLC GYJE

E Jeknhtga-cesml keaubeiturmr jescmma jnt wntj kgrm tjea $5>3,??? napmaehtnms ebtmr ea naspmitnga uaigvmrml92 sebmty eal jmehtj vnghetngas. \jm

bnams wmrm prgpgsml cy tjm Giiupe-tngaeh Yebmty eal Jmehtj Elknanstretngaedenast A\A-Cgwmrs keaubeiturnadpheat. \jm igkpeay ke`ms prminsngarghhmr-cmernads. GYJE erme lnrmitgrSgcmrtg Yeaijmz, wjg ns na Cnrknad-jek, seys tjm vnghetngas rmbhmit kea-edmkmats benhurm tg prgpmrhy trena ntsmkphgymms. A\A-Cgwmrs jel 5=wgr`nad leys tg igatmst tjm intetnga

eal pmaehtnms tg tjm edmaiy.

Ygurim6GYJE wmcsntm

F]LDMIMS\NBNMYBHYE IGHHMI\NRMEI\NGAEDENAY\IN\NDSG]_

Bgrkmr cea` mkphgymms gb Intn-drgup, wjg suml tjm igkpeay bgr

uapenl gvmrtnkm,jevm wga e `my cetthmna tjmnr iesm. Na Bmcruery, e bmlmrehfuldm imrtnbnml e aetngawnlm ighhmitnvmeitnga edenast Intndrgup Nai. na ehewsunt tjet eiiusms tjm cea`nad dneatgb knsihessnbynad nts cusnamss cea`nadgbbnimrs es mxmkpt eal benhnad tg peytjmk bgr jgurs wgr`ml gbb tjm ihgi`.Ypminbniehhy, tjm hewsunt ehhmdms tjetLeae Dnhcmrt, wjg ns tjm aekml _hena-tnbb, eal gtjmrs snknherhy sntuetml,wgr ml es cusnamss cea`nad gbbnimrs bgrIntndrgup smhhnad tjm igkpeays cesni

cusnamss prgluits eal smrvnims. Brgk3??2 uatnh Fuam 3??4, Ks. Dnhcmrt wespenl ga e sehery cesns eal eiigrlnad tgtjm hewsunt, na Fuam 3??4, Intndrgupstertml peynad Ks. Dnhcmrt ga ea jgurhycesns.\jm treasbmr tg ea jgurhy pgsntngagiiurrml es e rmsuht gb Intndrgup nkphm-kmatnad ea grdeanzetngaeh rmstruitur-nad na 3??4.

Cut, Ks. Dnhcmrt ehhmdml na jmr sunttjet Intndrgup knsihessnbnml jmr ealgtjmr cea`nad gbbnimrs es mxmkpt

mkphgymms eal benhml tg pey gvmrtnkmigkpmasetnga cgtj cmbgrm eal ebtmrtjm rmstruiturnad na vnghetnga gb tjm BenrHecgr Ytealerls Eit. Intndrgup sgudjttg hnknt tjm snzm eal sigpm gb tjm ihesseitnga sunt tg tjm dmgdrepjni rmdngas naIehnbgrane wjmrm Ks. Dnhcmrt jel prmvn-gushy wgr`ml bgr tjm cea`. SmfmitnadIntndrgups erdukmats, tjm ].Y. LnstrnitIgurt bgr tjm Agrtjmra Lnstrnit gb Iehn-bgrane ruhml tjet cmieusm tjm _henatnbbprmsmatml mvnlmaim tjet gbbnimrs eirgssAgrtj Ekmrnie wmrm igkpmasetml natjm sekm wey, tjm rmqumst bgr e aetnga-wnlm ihess eitnga wes werreatml.

Tjnhm wm erm agt navghvml na tjmecgvm iesm, gur bnrk, na ea mbbgrt tgjmhp wgr`mrs wjg jevm cmma wrgadhylmanml tjmnr gvmrtnkm igkpmasetnga,rgutnamhy pursums ihess eitnga hntndetngaualmr tjm Benr Hecgr Ytealerls Eit tgrmigvmr uapenl gvmrtnkm wedms. Bgrkgrm nabgrketnga, igateit Herry

Dghstga et 5-:??-:>:-3?9< gr vnsnt gurwmcsntm et www.CmeshmyEhhma.igk.

ZR.

\SEAY_GS\E\NGA

JMESNADY\GELLSMYYKMLNIEHJMHNIG_\MSYEBM\^

E kmlnieh jmhnigptmr iresjml amerIjniedg na Gitgcmr, `nhhnad tjrmm eluhtseal e cecy.\jns tredmly eppmers tg cmpert gb e trmal.\jm iresj wes tjm anatjbeteh eiinlmat aetngawnlm na ea 55-kgatj pmrngl rmsuhtnad na 9= pmgphmhgsnad tjmnr hnvms. ]abgrtuaetmhy, tjmIjniedg eiinlmat, hn`m gtjmrs prmimlnadnt, kgst hn`mhy iguhl jevm cmma prm-vmatml. \jm jmhnigptmr, wjnij jel

ihnppml tjm suppgrt wnrm gb e relngstetnga tgwmr wjnhm bhynad et andjt,hei`ml up-tg-letm sebmty mqunpkmatsuij es e lmvnim tg ehmrt tjm pnhgt tgtgwmrs eal gtjmr amercy gcsteihms.

\jm Aetngaeh \reaspgrtetnga YebmtyCgerl ns trynad tg rmluim tjm pggrsebmty rmigrl gb kmlnieh jmhnigptmrs.\jm Cgerl stertml bgur leys gb jmernadsna Tesjnadtga ga Bmcruery 9rl. Yebmtyelvgietms eppmerml eal lmkealml eirei`lgwa ga tjm kmlnieh jmhnigptmrnalustry.\jns ns e hggsmhy rmduhetml cusn-amss wntj eaaueh rmvmaums mstnketml etkgrm tjea $3.= cnhhnga.\jm nalustry jesdrgwa repnlhy eal jes e prmtty celsebmty rmigrl.

Kgrm tjea :?? kmlnieh jmhnigptmrserm iurrmathy mstnketml tg cm gpmretnadna tjns iguatry, enrhnbtnad tjm sni` ealnafurml, gbtma ualmr mkmrdmaiy igaln-tngas. Na tjm hest lmielm, tjm nalustryjes lguchml na snzm wjnhm ualmrdgnad ecusnamss treasbgrketnga. Jgspntehswmrm tjm prnkery gpmretgrs gb suij

jmhnigptmrs et tjm gutsmt. Agw tjmwgr` ns gutsguriml tg igkkmrinehgpmretgrs suij es tjm Enr Kmtjgls Igr-pgretnga eal _JN Nai. Yebmty mxpmrtsigatmal tjet igkpmtntnga ekgad igk-peanms bgr bhndjts jes ellml tg tjm rns`s.

\jm gahy tjnad tjm peamh jghlnad tjmsebmty cgerl jmernads iea lg ns tg ke`mrmigkkmaletngas tg tjm Bmlmreh Evne-tnga Elknanstretnga, wjnij rmduhetmstjm bhndjt sebmty gb kmlnieh jmhnigptmrs.

3: www.CmeshmyEhhma.igk


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\jm smssngas crgudjt tgdmtjmr evnetngamxpmrts, jmhnigptmr pmrsgaamh ealnalustry mxmiutnvms, eal jgpmbuhhy tjmpeamh wnhh jmhp crnad ecgut sgkmammlml ijeadms na tjns nalustry. \jmieusms gb tjm eiinlmats wmrm mxeknamlet tjm jmernad ehgad wntj gtjmr nssumsrmhetnad tg cgtj enr sebmty eal kmlniehierm. Yebmty elvgietms sey amimssery

ijeadms naihulm tndjtmr bmlmreh ealstetm rmduhetnga. Lr. Fgja E. Kgrrns Fr.,kmlnieh lnrmitgr gb tjm jmhnigptmrprgdrek et Realmrcnht Kmlnieh Imatmrna Aesjvnhhm, gcsmrvml6\jns nalustryammls kgrm gvmrsndjt. \jmrm ns tggkuij vernecnhnty na tjm quehnty gb iermeal tgg kuij vernecnhnty na sebmtymqunpkmat.

Nalustry gbbninehs sey tjet tjmy rmigd-anzm e amml bgr sgkm sebmty kealetms,naihulnad ruhms dgvmranad bhndjts et

andjttnkm,wjma kgst eiinlmats giiur.Cut tjmy erdum tjet igkpeanms sjguhlcm brmm tg ijggsm tjm tmijaghgdnms cmstsuntml tg tjmnr gpmretngas.

Na 3??2, ebtmr 5: pmgphm lnml na snxiresjms na 3??-ymer-ghlCryea Snij. \jm hewsunts smm` $5?knhhnga bgr tjm mstetms gb meij kea.Ymvma gtjmrs lnml wjma tjm jmhnigptmriresjml ga te`mgbb na tjm Yjeste-\rnantyAetngaeh Bgrmst.Aekml es Lmbmaleatswmrm Iersga Jmhnigptmrs, Dmamreh Mhmi-trni,Ighukcne Jmhnigptmrs,Yn`grs`y Enr-irebt eal Yn`grs`ys permat, ]antml\mijaghgdnms. Sgcmrt Jgp nas, e _grt-heal hewymr, rmprmsmats cgtj beknhnms.\jm sunts erm tjm smigal eal tjnrl tgcm bnhml rmsuhtnad brgk tjm iresj.


ZRN.

A]SYNAD JGKM

]_LE\M

\JMC]YJELKNANY\SE\NGAY\SN@MYEDENA

\jm Cusj Elknanstretnga tgg` gamkgrm swnad et tjm puchni na e smirmtkgvm lmsndaml tg prgtmit tjm gwamrsgb aursnad jgkms tjet igkknt wrgadseal jurt naagimat rmsnlmats gb tjm beinh-ntnms. \jm Elknanstretnga sjut gbb eammlml sgurim gb nabgrketnga hest behhecgut ecusm eal amdhmit na hgad-tmrkierm beinhntnms tjet pmgphm sunad aursnadjgkms igasnlmr iruineh tg tjmnr iesms.\jm ijeadm, wjnij ebbmits tjm $5


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31/48

N jevm cmma estgansjml et jgw

wnlmhy usml tjns lrud ns. Nts ag

hgadmr tjm kgst ecusechm eal

kgst leadmrgus lrud na nts ihess,

cut tjm beit tjet tjmrm erm wgrsm

lruds lgmsat ke`m Lervga e

dggl lrud.

Nt sjguhl cm agtml tjet tjm ]antml@nadlgk ceaaml nts vmrsnga gb Lervgana 3??=.Tjnhm tjm BLE iea bghhgw tjmElvnsgry Cgerls rmigkkmaletngaseal cea tjm lrud, nt key te`m gtjmrstmps, suij es rmqunrnad stnbbmr wera-nads, sebmty stulnms gr spmineh mluietngambbgrts enkml et lgitgrs eal petnmats.Lr. Tghbm ns rmigkkmalnad tjet tjmlrud cm wntjlrewa dreluehhy, cmieusmsgkm petnmats jevm cmigkm lmpmal-mat ga nt.

Na ea eaehysns prmperml bgr tjmjmernad, tjm BLEs sebmty gbbnim senl nt

jel smerijml tjm edmaiys letecesm gbrmpgrtml lrud prgchmks, cut tjm rmsuhtwes nasubbninmat tg ehhgw rmvnmwmrs tgke`m e ihmer-iut rmigkkmaletnga.\jmBLEs sebmty gbbnim bgual kgrm tjea9,??? rmpgrts gb smrngus prgchmks.Tntjtjm tgp tjrmm cmnad suninlm, lrudlmpmalmaim eal gvmrlgsms. Na e smpe-retm eaehysns, tjm BLE gbbnim tjetjealhms pena`nhhmrs bgual Lervga tg cme wme` pena rmhnmvmr. Kgst stulnms,eiigrlnad tg tjm rmvnmwmrs, sjgw tjet

na Lervgimt, tjm wnlmhy-usml igkcnae-tnga lrud, tjm Lervga igkpgamateppmers tg igatrncutm hntthm gr agelln-tngaeh pena rmhnmb cmygal tjet prgvnlmlcy tjm eimteknagpjma igkpgamat.

Lr. Tghbm prmsmatml tjm elvnsgrypeamh wntj amw lete brgk tjm dgvmra-kmats Lrud Ecusm Teranad Amtwgr`,wjnij trei`s mkmrdmaiy rggk vnsntseal lmetjs. Nt senl tjet Lervga-rmhetmllmetjs rgsm tg =?9 na 3??4,brgk


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gb tjm tgxni kmteh tjea lg eluhts grghlmr ijnhlrma, cesml ga tjmnr cglywmndjt. Bmlmreh jmehtj gbbninehs jevmhgad vnmwml hmel penat es tjm kgstlgknaeat sgurim gb hmel pgnsganad bgrijnhlrma. Cut cmieusm tjm Lnstrnits tepwetmr jel tjm jndjmst hmel rmelnadsmvmr kmesurml na tjm aetnga, keaymxpmrts jevm cmigkm nairmesnadhy iga-

imraml.Ytuly ig-eutjgr Lr. Leae Cmst,eIjnhlrmas Aetngaeh Kmlnieh Imatmrpmlnetrninea eal mpnlmknghgdniehrmsmerijmr, stetml6

N wes surprnsml cy jgw jndj tjm

chggl-hmel hmvmhs wmrm.Eal cy tjm

tnkm tjmrm erm kmesurechm hmvmhs,

tjm lekedm jes cmma lgam. Tm

ieaagt igatnaum tg usm ijnhlrma

es tjm ieaernms na tjm igeh knam.

Tm jevm tg stgp tmstnad ijnhlrma tg

lmtmrknam wjet leadmr ns na tjm

mavnrgakmat eal stert tmstnad tjmmavnrgakmat tg ke`m surm ijnh-

lrma lgat dmt jerkml.

N suspmit tjm lmcetm gvmr tjns nssumwnhh igatnaum. \jm hmel prgchmk es ntrmhetms tg skehh ijnhlrma sjguhl cm gbdrmet igaimra. Jgpmbuhhy, tjns kgstrmimat stuly wnhh rmsuht na kgrm smrngusettmatnga cmnad bgiusml ga tjmprgchmk.

Ygurim6 Tesjnadtga _gst

AMESH^3,??? _MG_HMTESAMLGB_GYYNCHMCMS^HHN]KMZ_GY]SM

Hgs Ehekgs Aetngaeh Hecgretgry jesagtnbnml amerhy 3,??? iurrmat ealbgrkmr mkphgymms eal vnsntgrs tjettjmy key jevm cmma mxpgsml tg cmryh-hnuk na tjm hec eal key cm et rns` gblnsmesm.Hmttmrs jevm dgam gut tg ehh gbtjm pgtmatneh vnitnks. Igaimra gvmrpgssnchm mxpgsurm tg tjm jerl, drey

kmteh, wjnij ns purnbnml bgr usm naauihmer wmepgas eal rmeitgrs eal ehsgusml na cniyihm brekms eal dghb ihucs,wes bnrst rensml hest Agvmkcmr, wjma ecgx igatenanad cmryhhnuk wes rmimnvmlet tjm hecgretgrys sjgrt-tmrk stgredmbeinhnty. Ynaim tjm peièdm eppmerml tgjevm lekedm gr lmdreletnga gb tjmpei`nad ketmrnehs, tjm erme wes tmstmlbgr ellntngaeh igateknaetnga.

Yurbeim igateknaetnga wes bgual,

cut nt turaml gut tjet tjm cgx wes agttjm sgurim.\jus ber, tjm sgurim jes agtcmma lmtmrknaml. Ynaim tjm igatekn-aetml erme jel agt cmma tmstml bgr tjmprmsmaim gb cmryhhnuk snaim 3??5,mvmrygam wjg jes matmrml tjmrmstrnitml-eiimss erme snaim tjma nscmnad agtnbnml. \jm hecgretgry igvmrs92 squerm knhms eal jes amerhy 5?,???

mkphgymms.Eiigrlnad tg rmpgrts, gahy ecunhlnad et gam tmijanieh erme nsnavghvml.

Cmryhhnuk ns jezerlgus gahy wjma ntsbnam, pertniuhetm bgrk ns najehml. Nt wesbgual ga surbeims, agt na tjm enr.Eiigrlnad tg e spg`mskea bgr tjm hec,tjm ehmrt wes smat cmieusm tjmy bmht ntwes tjm rmspgasnchm, prulmat tjnad tglg tg hmt pmgphm àgw tjns igateknae-tnga wes lnsigvmrml eal tg easwmrtjmnr qumstngas nb tjmy jevm eay

igaimra ecgut pgtmatneh bgr mxpgsurm.\jus ber, tjmrm jevm cmma ag rmpgrts gbsniàmss.

\jm hecgretgry senl ecgut 3


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tg lnsknss tjm iesm.Ea eppmehs igurtjel rmfmitml e Cusj Elknanstretngaphea bgr rmduhetnad kmriury mknssngas.Nt senl tjm phea sjguhlat jevm naihulmlehhgwnad utnhntnms tg purijesm mknssngairmlnts nastmel gb eituehhy rmluinadmknssngas.Ea eppmeh wes te`ma. Yinma-tnsts bmer kmriury pghhutnga hmels tgamurghgdnieh prgchmks na nabeats.

\jns wes tjm bnrst gutrndjt rmvmrseh gbe hmdeh pgsntnga te`ma cy tjm CusjElknanstretnga et tjm Yuprmkm Igurt.\jm pgwmr nalustry stnhh jes e smperetmpmtntnga ijehhmadnad tjm eppmehs igurtruhnad, wjnij ns uaebbmitml cy tjmGceke Elknanstretngas eitnga. \jmElknanstretnga jes sndaehml nt ns crme`-nad wntj Cusjs igursm ga smvmrehnssums. M_E Elknanstretgr Hnse Fei`sgaseys tjet tjm Gceke Elknanstretnga wnhhlrebt nts gwa ruhms ualmr tjm Ihmea Enr

Eit tg iurc kmriury mknssngas. Yjmsenl tjm M_E wguhl hn`mhy smt hnknts gatjm tgxni kmteh brgk pgwmr pheats ealgtjmr sgurims.

Mavnrgakmatehnsts jel erduml tjettjm Cusj systmk wguhl irmetm jgtspgts gb kmriury igateknaetnga amersgkm pgwmr pheats. Ymvmatmma stetmseal jmehtj drgups fgnaml tjm hewsunt tgchgi` tjm rmduhetnga, eal tjm eppmhhetmigurt snlml wntj tjmk. \jm M_E wnhhagw lmvmhgp epprgprnetm stealerls tgrmduhetm pgwmr pheat mknssngas.


BMLMSEHEDMAINMYYM\\HMDHGCEHTESKNADHETY]N\

\jm bmlmreh dgvmrakmat jes smtthml ehewsunt tjet eiiusml twg bmlmreh edma-inms gb bnaeainad mamrdy prgfmits gvmr-smes wntjgut igasnlmrnad tjmnr nkpeitsga dhgceh werknad.\jm Mxpgrt-NkpgrtCea` gb tjm ]antml Ytetms eal tjm Gvmr-smes _rnvetm Navmstkmat Igrp. wnhhprgvnlm e igkcnaml $=?? knhhnga nabnaeainad bgr rmamwechm mamrdy prgf-mits eal te`m natg eiiguat drmmajgusmdes mknssngas essginetml wntj prgfmitstjmy suppgrt.\jm hewsunt wes grndnaehhybnhml na Yea Breainsig bmlmreh igurt na3??3 cy Brnmals gb tjm Mertj, Drmma-pmeim eal bgur intnms tjet ihenkml tjmywguhl subbmr mavnrgakmateh ea

the jere beasley report, mar. 2009

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